subject:(stormwater control measures)

Colorado State University

1. Olson, Christopher C. Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2017, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/184018

► Cities, counties and other stormwater management agencies throughout the United States face billions of dollars of urban stormwater improvements each year to meet total maximum… (more)

▼ Cities, counties and other stormwater management agencies throughout the United States face billions of dollars of urban stormwater improvements each year to meet total maximum daily load (TMDL) regulations. In many cases, they will accomplish this by implementing stormwater control measures (SCMs) that are designed to capture urban stormwater and remove pollutants before the stormwater is discharged back to receiving waters. A wide variety of SCMs exist, each with unique pollutant removal performance and associated costs. A critical aspect of TMDL projects is modeling alternative SCM implementation strategies to evaluate which strategies offer the greatest opportunity of TMDL compliance at reasonable costs. However, current SCM modeling practice suffers from several deficiencies, particularly as it relates to modeling for TMDL compliance. One problem is that most SCM modeling studies do not incorporate uncertainty analysis (UA), despite recommendations from the National Research Council (NRC) and others. This is generally due to a lack of knowledge for how to perform UA, lack of available models/algorithms that include UA capabilities and/or perceptions by decision makers that UA will not affect the most cost-effective decision. Another problem is that SCM models are typically calibrated and operated on an "event-basis" (assuming steady-state hydraulic conditions), whereas most watershed and receiving water models operate dynamically. This presents practical difficulties for modelers as they link watershed models to SCM models to receiving water models for TMDL studies and can also affect decision making as SCM model results are based on events and many TMDLs are subject to durations of hours, days, months, etc. This dissertation addresses those problems by providing new tools and knowledge that can improve SCM modeling and decision making for TMDL compliance. In Chapter 2 ("Uncertainty Analysis of a Stormwater Control Measure Model using Global Sensitivity Analysis and Bayesian Approaches"), we compare different UA methods and use global sensitivity analysis to determine the most sensitive parameters in a new pollutant removal model. We conclude that an informal Bayesian approach (the Generalized Uncertainty Estimation Method) provides better estimates of SCM pollutant removal uncertainty compared to a formal Bayesian approach. We also show that the TSS removal in EDBs is most sensitive to the particle size distribution and particle density of solids in the runoff entering EDBs. In Chapter 3 ("Appraisal of Steady-State Stormwater Control Measure Pollutant Removal Models within a Dynamic Stormwater Routing Framework with Uncertainty Analysis"), we evaluate the effects of applying three different event-based (steady-state) SCMs models to a dynamic modeling framework. The linear regression model produces almost identical outputs under both steady-state and dynamic conditions, however the modified Fair and Geyer (MFG) model and k-C* model both produce results that underestimate TSS pollutant removal by 20-90% at the… Advisors/Committee Members: Arabi, Mazdak (advisor), Roesner, Larry (committee member), Carlson, Ken (committee member), Kampf, Stephanie (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: stormwater; uncertainty analysis; stormwater control measures; modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Olson, C. C. (2017). Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/184018

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Olson, Christopher C. “Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/184018.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Olson, Christopher C. “Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance.” 2017. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Olson CC. Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/184018.

Council of Science Editors:

Olson CC. Stormwater control measure modeling and uncertainty analysis for total maximum daily load compliance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/184018

Colorado School of Mines

2. Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2020, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

► Urbanization is expected to persist in cities across the world, resulting in increased percent imperviousness, alterations to the hydrologic regime, degraded water quality, and deteriorated… (more)

▼ Urbanization is expected to persist in cities across the world, resulting in increased percent imperviousness, alterations to the hydrologic regime, degraded water quality, and deteriorated ecosystems. Stormwater Control Measures (SCMs) have been developed to mitigate some of the impacts of urban development, but come in a wide range of designs and have variable hydrologic performance based on their primary function. SCMs exist on a continuum that ranges from green (typically above ground infrastructure that includes vegetation) to grey (large storage facilities or underground distributed infrastructure). The decision-making process for an optimal stormwater management plan on a watershed-scale is complex and multi-faceted. Conflicting stakeholder interests need to be considered when determining the optimal suite of SCMs for a particular watershed. Hydrologic models, such as the EPA’s System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis INtegration (SUSTAIN) can be used to simulate water quantity and quality as well as evaluate the implementation of SCMs on a watershed-scale. Decision support tools can assist stakeholders and decision makers in optimizing between varying SCM types based on the needs and priorities of their specific watershed and communities. The research in this dissertation uses a hydrologic model and decision support tool and aims to improve stormwater modeling by 1) exploring the feasibility of meeting regulatory compliance with the implementation of SCMs, 2) investigating the performance and tradeoff of greener to greyer SCMs using optimizations, and 3) improving the decision-making process by incorporating life cycle costs and a benefit analysis with stormwater modeling. A multi-watershed analysis conducted in Los Angeles County found that meeting water quality regulations when implementing SCMs on a watershed-scale is dependent on percent imperviousness and land use characteristics which impact baseline water quantity and quality. Despite routing runoff from 90% of the watershed to greener SCMs only three of the six simulated SCM solutions reached compliance in the Ballona Creek watershed and none were successful in the Dominguez Channel and Los Angeles River watersheds, highlighting the need for a more robust planning-level approach to determine the optimal stormwater management plan. The investigation of greener vs greyer SCMs in the Berkeley Lake neighborhood, (Denver, CO) found that all SCM types offer varying hydrologic benefits based on their design and function. For example, underground infiltration (greyer) and infiltration trenches (greener) are optimal for reducing average annual flow volume while underground detention (greyer) and vegetated swales (greener) are better at reducing pollutant average annual concentrations. Optimizing (maximizing a benefit and minimizing cost) between thousands of SCM solutions and rating benefits based on stakeholder preferences identified that while the primary goal of a watershed may initially put more weight on particular SCM types, the consideration… Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), Kroepsch, Adrianne (committee member), Smith, Steven M. (committee member), Smith, Jessica, 1980- (committee member), Bell, Colin D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hydrologic modeling; stormwater control measures; green infrastructure; urbanization; stormwater

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gallo, E. M. (2020). Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. “Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gallo, Elizabeth Marie. “Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions.” 2020. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gallo EM. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335.

Council of Science Editors:

Gallo EM. Developing an integrated planning-level approach for optimizing green to grey stormwater management solutions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/175335

Colorado School of Mines

3. Radavich, Katherine A. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

► Urban streams and water bodies have become increasingly polluted due to stormwater runoff from increased urbanization. Improved water quality and reduced flood peaks are the… (more)

▼ Urban streams and water bodies have become increasingly polluted due to stormwater runoff from increased urbanization. Improved water quality and reduced flood peaks are the ultimate goals of stormwater management to achieve safe and healthy urban water bodies, with additional benefits of increased green space and increased domestic water supply through potential recycling and groundwater recharge. In this research, Low Impact Development (LID) and Best Management Practices (BMPs) are assessed as natural methods to manage stormwater by applying the EPA System for Urban Stormwater Treatment and Analysis INtegration (SUSTAIN) model. Ballona Creek watershed in the Los Angeles basin (128 square miles with 61% impervious land cover) was chosen as a case study area to more specifically investigate the mechanisms through which different BMP types achieve compliance with water quality regulations, reduce peak flows, and encourage recharge through infiltration. This research illustrates how the characteristics of distinctive BMP types influence compliance and flow regimes. Model results show that infiltration-dominated BMPs reduced the total pollutant load at the outlet, but residual pollutants were more concentrated resulting in worse compliance with water quality standards. However, out of 86,000 acre-feet per year (AFY) of runoff from the whole watershed during the modeled period of 2004-2008, these BMP types infiltrated 66,000 AFY of water (76% of the total) for potential reuse and groundwater recharge, and reduced peak flows of larger storm events up to 60%. Treat and release-dominated BMPs resulted in lower pollutant concentrations and better compliance at the outlet, but higher pollutant loads were observed and only 34,000 AFY was infiltrated (40% of the total), with minimal peak flow reduction. Assessing future changes in precipitation and temperature due to climate variability further illustrated the beneficial and limiting characteristics of the five BMP types. Due to their poor peak flow reduction and infiltration capacity, treat and release BMPs would not provide as much benefit for future climate scenarios in which more intense precipitation events might occur. Stormwater modeling at the watershed scale can ultimately inform strategic BMP selection based on current and future hydrologic characteristics and desired outcomes. Advisors/Committee Members: Hogue, Terri S. (advisor), McCray, John E. (committee member), Siegrist, Robert L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: climate change; stormwater; SUSTAIN; modeling; best management practices; stormwater control measures

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Radavich, K. A. (2015). Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Radavich, Katherine A. “Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Radavich, Katherine A. “Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Radavich KA. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317.

Council of Science Editors:

Radavich KA. Assessing the effect of best management practices on water quality and flow regime in an urban watershed under climate change disturbance. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/20317

University of Georgia

4. Morphis, Christopher Lane. Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick.

Degree: 2015, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/33502

► Lake Herrick was constructed on the University of Georgia’s south campus in 1982 with facilities for swimming and boating. Following a period of declining water… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Watershed Management; Water Quality; Limnology; Hydrology; Green Infrastructure; Stormwater Control Measures

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Morphis, C. L. (2015). Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/33502

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morphis, Christopher Lane. “Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick.” 2015. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed March 06, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/33502.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morphis, Christopher Lane. “Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick.” 2015. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Morphis CL. Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/33502.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Morphis CL. Using green infrastructure to support water-based recreation in Lake Herrick. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/33502

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Purdue University

5. Bell, Colin D. Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling.

Degree: PhD, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, 2016, Purdue University

URL: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/735

► Urban development replaces vegetation with impervious surfaces and natural drainage channels with pipe networks that quicken flow paths and alter hydrologic regimes. Additionally, the… (more)

▼ Urban development replaces vegetation with impervious surfaces and natural drainage channels with pipe networks that quicken flow paths and alter hydrologic regimes. Additionally, the import of food, application of fertilizer to lawns and gardens, and heightened atmospheric deposition increases nutrient availability in urban landscapes. These excess nutrients are ultimately routed to streams through the pipe networks before it can be processed by the vegetation and microorganisms of the landscape. This combination of physical and chemical disturbances impacts stream ecosystems and degrades their ability to perform valuable services such as removal of nutrients, degradation of pollutants, and provision of recreational and aesthetic value. Stormwater control measures (SCMs) are a management strategy that can mitigate these impacts urbanization, ultimately preserving those valuable stream ecosystems. While the effects of urban development and individual SCMs on water quantity and quality have been well documented independently, studies examining the cumulative influence of SCMs on water quantity and nitrogen cycling throughout entire developed watersheds are lacking. First, this work addresses this gap in knowledge by empirically relating hydrologic regimes at sixteen urban watersheds in Charlotte, NC, USA to a series of metrics that describe the extent of urban development and mitigation with SCMs. Next, water quality data were collected at four of the sixteen sites to determine how SCMs affect stream nutrient and carbon concentrations during storms, and how the extent and distribution of urban development modulates the effects of SCMs. Because of the limited ability for monitoring approaches to capture variability along a continuum of development and mitigation, a modeling approach was used to further understand the role of SCMs on hydrology and water quality. A new model was developed, calibrated, validated, and used to assess uncertainty of the hydrologic and ecological processes that occur in SCMs. Finally, these SCM routines were incorporated into an existing spatially-distributed watershed model to test how varying levels of impervious surface connectivity to SCMs changed hydrologic and water quality regimes in a watershed in Charlotte, NC. The results of the study indicate that the degree of urbanization, as measured by a watershed metric total imperviousness, controlled hydrologic behavior at the storm event time scale across the 16 sites monitored. There is evidence that SCMs are able to effect the hydrologic record flashiness at an annual time scale by temporarily storing runoff and extending hydrograph recession. An analysis of water quality data indicates that SCMs are able to reduce N, phosphorous and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in the stream in watersheds with a homogeneous urban land use. However, in newly developing watersheds (e.g., suburban), the presence of SCMs coincides with the addition of urban impervious surfaces and SCMs are not sufficient to return water quality to… Advisors/Committee Members: Sara K. McMillan, Sara K. McMillan, Bernard Engel, Jane Frankenberger, Christina Tague.

Subjects/Keywords: Applied sciences; Best management practices; RHESSys; Stormwater control measures; Unmitigated imperviousness; Urban hydrology; Water quality; Environmental Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bell, C. D. (2016). Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling. (Doctoral Dissertation). Purdue University. Retrieved from https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/735

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bell, Colin D. “Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University. Accessed March 06, 2021. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/735.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bell, Colin D. “Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling.” 2016. Web. 06 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bell CD. Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 06]. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/735.

Council of Science Editors:

Bell CD. Influence of stormwater control measures on watershed hydrology and biogeochemical cycling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/735

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations