subject:(storms)

Penn State University

1. Katona, Branden Thomas. Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output.

Degree: 2016, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/29499

► Convective storms regularly occur in complex topography, yet relatively little is known about how topography affects convective environments and storms. The first step toward understanding… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: convection; topography; severe storms; storms; convective environments

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APA (6^th Edition):

Katona, B. T. (2016). Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/29499

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Katona, Branden Thomas. “Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output.” 2016. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/29499.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Katona, Branden Thomas. “Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Katona BT. Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/29499.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Katona BT. Assessing the Influence of Topography on Convective Storm Environments Using High-resolution Operational Model Output. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2016. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/29499

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

2. Brennand, M. P. Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study.

Degree: MS, Department of Geography, 1992, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/jh343v446

Subjects/Keywords: Hail.; Storms.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brennand, M. P. (1992). Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/jh343v446

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brennand, M P. “Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study.” 1992. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/jh343v446.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brennand, M P. “Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study.” 1992. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Brennand MP. Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 1992. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/jh343v446.

Council of Science Editors:

Brennand MP. Convective storms and moisture fields in LIMEX85: a case study. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 1992. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/jh343v446

Texas Christian University

3. Adkison, Hollis Leon. Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr.

Degree: 1970, Texas Christian University

URL: https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/34171

Subjects/Keywords: Magnetic storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adkison, H. L. (1970). Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr. (Thesis). Texas Christian University. Retrieved from https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/34171

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adkison, Hollis Leon. “Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr.” 1970. Thesis, Texas Christian University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/34171.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adkison, Hollis Leon. “Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr.” 1970. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Adkison HL. Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Christian University; 1970. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/34171.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Adkison HL. Studies of coincident solar, interplanetary, and terrestrial phenomena which precede certain geomagnetic storms / by Hollis Leon Adkison, Jr. [Thesis]. Texas Christian University; 1970. Available from: https://repository.tcu.edu/handle/116099117/34171

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of British Columbia

4. Atkinson, Gerald. Theory of polar substorms.

Degree: PhD, Geophysics, 1967, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41187

► The magneto-sphere may be considered as consisting of two regions the tail and region of closed lines of force. The interchange of field lines between… (more)

▼ The magneto-sphere may be considered as consisting of two regions the tail and region of closed lines of force. The interchange of field lines between these two region is important in magnetospheric processes. Transport of magnetic field lines from the closed region into the tail may occur by Dungey's mechanism or by viscous interaction of the magnetosphere with the solar wind. Transport from the tail to the closed region occurs by recombination through the neutral sheet. Convective flow within the closed region is controlled by the “foot dragging” effect which arises from the discharging action of the ionosphere on flux tubes. The model of polar substorms presented is a flow or time sequence as follows: (1) Field lines are dragged from the closed region into the tail by the solar wind with a resulting storage of potential energy in the tail. (2) The polar substorm begins when the field lines recombine in an implosive fashion at the neutral sheet, releasing the stored potential energy. (3) The recombined flux tubes are added to the nightside of the closed region as a giant bulge. (4) The bulge drives are turn flow of flux tubes towards the dayside in the closed region. It is likely that recombination is initiated by the formation of a neutral point at about 13 or 14 earth radii in the antisolar direction and occurs across a width of tail of about 6 or 7 earth radii and that 10⁸ webers are annihilated in a time of about 1/2 hour. The recombination iis probably stopped by the build-up of a giant bulge on the nightside and the closed region which maps to the earth’s surface along fieldlines as the auroral break-up bulge and which, as i t spreads out over the nightside of the region of closed fieldlines causes the observed auroral effects. The Pedersen current is not expected to produce significant magnetic effects at the surface of the earth except at anomalies in ionospheric conductivity. Such an anomaly along the auroral arcs can explain the westward electrojet. However, it seems probable that the remainder of the polar cap current system is the result of Hall currents.

Subjects/Keywords: Magnetic storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Atkinson, G. (1967). Theory of polar substorms. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41187

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Atkinson, Gerald. “Theory of polar substorms.” 1967. Doctoral Dissertation, University of British Columbia. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41187.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Atkinson, Gerald. “Theory of polar substorms.” 1967. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Atkinson G. Theory of polar substorms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of British Columbia; 1967. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41187.

Council of Science Editors:

Atkinson G. Theory of polar substorms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of British Columbia; 1967. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/41187

University of Oklahoma

5. Reames, Larissa. Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Oklahoma

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/50705

► The world's population is increasingly concentrated in large urban areas. Many observational and modeling studies have explored how large, population-dense cities modify local and mesoscale… (more)

▼ The world's population is increasingly concentrated in large urban areas. Many observational and modeling studies have explored how large, population-dense cities modify local and mesoscale atmospheric phenomena. Urban modeling studies often use an explicit urban canopy model to parameterize urban surfaces. However, it is unclear whether this approach is appropriate for more suburban cities, such as those found in the Great Plains. To investigate this problem, the Weather Research and Forecasting model is used to simulated a week of conditions in and around the Oklahoma City, Oklahoma area, and results from these simulations are compared with observations. Overall, five simulations with varying urban land-surface parameterization configurations are examined. Three simulations use the Noah land surface model (LSM): one with all urban areas removed, one using the original Noam LSM, and the other with urban areas parameterized by a modified Noah LSM with three urban categories. Additional simulations utilize a single layer urban canopy model either with default urban fraction values or with urban fractions taken from the National Land Cover Database. In general, all simulations produce warmer, drier urban areas, with a stronger urban heat island at night. However, the prediction of near-surface winds is problematic in the two simulations that use the single layer urban canopy model as neither simulation correctly reproduces reduced wind speeds over the city. The modified Noah LSM provides the best overall agreement with observations and represents a reasonable option for simulating the urban effects of more suburban cities. The effect of urban areas on weakly-forced precipitation systems has also been studied extensively. However, interactions between urban areas and synoptically-active convection, such as supercells, remain relatively unexamined. Simulations of a supercell thunderstorm, with an urban area parameterized using the modified Noah LSM scheme, are used to quantify the impacts of a large Plains urban area on the evolution and strength of a supercell thunderstorm. Simulations with urban areas are compared to an initial-condition ensemble of simulations without any urban areas, with hierarchical clustering analysis used to form statistically similar groups of simulations. In this analysis, the effects of the storm having various city-relative paths, as well as the storm life cycle stage during urban interactions, are investigated. The results suggest that, when the storm passes to the north of or directly over the city center late in its life cycle, low-and mid-level mesocyclone strength increases, and the mesocyclone tracks further south. In general, low-level storm characteristics are more sensitive to the location of the city than are mid-level storm properties. To supplement this analysis, a factor separation approach is undertaken to determine the relative importance of the roughness and thermal characteristics of urban areas on storm modification. City locations near the beginning and end of the… Advisors/Committee Members: Stensrud, David (advisor), Klein, Petra (committee member), de Beurs, Kirsten (committee member), Parsons, David (committee member), Shapiro, Alan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Meteorology; Severe Storms; Urban Environments

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reames, L. (2017). Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/50705

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reames, Larissa. “Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/50705.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reames, Larissa. “Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Reames L. Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/50705.

Council of Science Editors:

Reames L. Simulated effects of urban environments on the dynamics of a supercell thunderstorm. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/50705

University of Oklahoma

6. Sobash, Ryan. Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Oklahoma

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/7912

► Convective-scale observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) and real-data experiments were performed to study the impact of radar and surface observations on analyses and forecasts of… (more)

▼ Convective-scale observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) and real-data experiments were performed to study the impact of radar and surface observations on analyses and forecasts of convective systems using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). The OSSEs were performed to assess the impact of covariance localization of radar data on the analyses of a developing convective system. Increasing the horizontal localization and decreasing the vertical localization produced analyses with the smallest RMSE for most of the state variables. The convective mode of the analyzed system also had an impact on the localization results. During cell mergers, larger horizontal localization improved the results. Prior state correlations between the observations and state variables were used to construct reverse cumulative density functions (RCDFs) to identify the correlation length scales for various observation-state pairs. The OSSE with the smallest RMSE employed localization cutoff values that were similar to the horizontal and vertical length scales of the prior state correlations, especially for observation-state correlations above 0.6. Vertical correlations were restricted to state points closer to the observations than in the horizontal, as determined by the RCDFs. Further, the microphysical state variables were correlated with the reflectivity observations on smaller scales than the three-dimensional wind field and radial velocity observations. As a complement to the OSSEs, the WRF model and the EnKF were again employed to produce analyses and forecasts for the 29 May 2012 convective episode. This event produced very large hail (> 4” diameter), 80 mph wind gusts, and a brief tornado, near and within the OKC metropolitan area, with estimated losses totaling 500 million dollars. Surface data, including data from surface mesoscale networks (i.e. mesonets), were assimilated at 5-minute intervals between 18 UTC and 21 UTC. Both surface and WSR-88D data were assimilated at 5-minute intervals between 21 UTC and 23 UTC, following convection initiation (CI). Several 50-member, 6-hour, ensemble forecasts were produced between 18 UTC and 23 UTC. The frequent assimilation of surface data, especially the use of mesonet data, improved the forecast of CI timing and placement within the domain, especially for convection developing along a surface dry line. Surface data assimilation reduced a surface moisture bias that was present due to model error. Experiments where mesonet data were withheld, or where surface data were assimilated less frequently, produced less accurate forecasts of CI and possessed larger surface moisture errors. The improved surface state at 21 UTC also led to changes in the forecast convective mode after 00 UTC. The ability of sub-hourly assimilation of mesonet data to improve forecasts of CI has not been previously documented. After two hours of both radar and surface data assimilation, the 23 UTC ensemble forecast was able to capture much of the observed… Advisors/Committee Members: Stensrud, David (advisor), Xue, Ming (committee member), Carr, Frederick (committee member), Wang, Xuguang (committee member), Wicker, Louis (committee member), Lakshmivarahan, S (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Data assimilation; meteorology; severe storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sobash, R. (2013). Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/7912

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sobash, Ryan. “Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/7912.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sobash, Ryan. “Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sobash R. Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/7912.

Council of Science Editors:

Sobash R. Assimilation of radar and surface observations of a developing convective system: Observing system simulation and real-data experiments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/7912

Rhodes University

7. Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions.

Degree: MS, Faculty of Science, Physics and Electronics, 2016, Rhodes University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020325

► It has been shown in ionospheric research that modelling total electron content (TEC) during storm conditions is a big challenge. In this study, mathematical equations… (more)

▼ It has been shown in ionospheric research that modelling total electron content (TEC) during storm conditions is a big challenge. In this study, mathematical equations were developed to estimate TEC over Sutherland (32.38⁰S, 20.81⁰E), during storm conditions, using the Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis, combined with regression analysis. TEC was derived from GPS observations and a geomagnetic storm was defined for Dst ≤ -50 nT. The inputs for the model were chosen based on the factors that influence TEC variation, such as diurnal, seasonal, solar and geomagnetic activity variation, and these were represented by hour of the day, day number of the year, F10.7 and A index respectively. The EOF model was developed using GPS TEC data from 1999 to 2013 and tested on different storms. For the model validation (interpolation), three storms were chosen in 2000 (solar maximum period) and three others in 2006 (solar minimum period), while for extrapolation six storms including three in 2014 and three in 2015 were chosen. Before building the model, TEC values for the selected 2000 and 2006 storms were removed from the dataset used to construct the model in order to make the model validation independent on data. A comparison of the observed and modelled TEC showed that the EOF model works well for storms with non-significant ionospheric TEC response and storms that occurred during periods of low solar activity. High correlation coefficients between the observed and modelled TEC were obtained showing that the model covers most of the information contained in the observed TEC. Furthermore, it has been shown that the EOF model developed for a specific station may be used to estimate TEC over other locations within a latitudinal and longitudinal coverage of 8.7⁰ and 10.6⁰ respectively. This is an important result as it reduces the data dimensionality problem for computational purposes. It may therefore not be necessary for regional storm-time TEC modelling to compute TEC data for all the closest GPS receiver stations since most of the needed information can be extracted from measurements at one location. Advisors/Committee Members: Habarulema, John Bosco.

Subjects/Keywords: Magnetic storms; Ionospheric storms; GPS receivers; Weather forecasting

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APA (6^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, J. C. (2016). Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions. (Masters Thesis). Rhodes University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020325

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. “Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Rhodes University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020325.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. “Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Uwamahoro JC. Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rhodes University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020325.

Council of Science Editors:

Uwamahoro JC. Single station TEC modelling during storm conditions. [Masters Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020325

Mahatma Gandhi University

8. Unnikrishnan, K. Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -.

Degree: Physics, 2013, Mahatma Gandhi University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/7259

None

References given chapters wise

Advisors/Committee Members: Venugopal, Chandu, Unnikrishnan, N V.

Subjects/Keywords: Physics; geomagnetic storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Unnikrishnan, K. (2013). Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -. (Thesis). Mahatma Gandhi University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/7259

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Unnikrishnan, K. “Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -.” 2013. Thesis, Mahatma Gandhi University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/7259.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Unnikrishnan, K. “Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Unnikrishnan K. Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. Mahatma Gandhi University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/7259.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Unnikrishnan K. Studies on ionospheric responses to geomagnetic storms and modeling TEC by harmonic analysis; -. [Thesis]. Mahatma Gandhi University; 2013. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/7259

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Rhodes University

9. Matamba, Tshimangadzo Merline. Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data.

Degree: MS, Faculty of Science, Physics and Electronics, 2015, Rhodes University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017899

► Ionospheric storms are an extreme form of space weather phenomena which affect space- and ground-based technological systems. Extreme solar activity may give rise to Coronal… (more)

▼ Ionospheric storms are an extreme form of space weather phenomena which affect space- and ground-based technological systems. Extreme solar activity may give rise to Coronal Mass Ejections (CME) and solar flares that may result in ionospheric storms. This thesis reports on a statistical analysis of the ionospheric response over the ionosonde stations Grahamstown (33.3◦S, 26.5◦E) and Madimbo (22.4◦S,30.9◦E), South Africa, during geomagnetic storm conditions which occurred during the period 1996 - 2011. Total Electron Content (TEC) derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) data by a dual Frequency receiver and an ionosonde at Grahamstown, was analysed for the storms that occurred during the period 2006 - 2011. A comprehensive analysis of the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) and TEC was done. To identify the geomagnetically disturbed conditions the Disturbance storm time (Dst) index with a storm criteria of Dst ≤ −50 nT was used. The ionospheric disturbances were categorized into three responses, namely single disturbance, double disturbance and not significant (NS) ionospheric storms. Single disturbance ionospheric storms refer to positive (P) and negative (N) ionospheric storms observed separately, while double disturbance storms refer to negative and positive ionospheric storms observed during the same storm period. The statistics show the impact of geomagnetic storms on the ionosphere and indicate that negative ionospheric effects follow the solar cycle. In general, only a few ionospheric storms (0.11%) were observed during solar minimum. Positive ionospheric storms occurred most frequently (47.54%) during the declining phase of solar cycle 23. Seasonally, negative ionospheric storms occurred mostly during the summer (63.24%), while positive ionospheric storms occurred frequently during the winter (53.62%). An important finding is that only negative ionospheric storms were observed during great geomagnetic storm activity (Dst ≤ −350 nT). For periods when both ionosonde and GPS was available, the two data sets indicated similar ionospheric responses. Hence, GPS data can be used to effectively identify the ionospheric response in the absence of ionosonde data. Advisors/Committee Members: Habarulema, John Bosco, McKinnell, Lee-Anne.

Subjects/Keywords: Ionospheric storms – South Africa – Grahamstown; Ionospheric storms – South Africa – Madimbo; Magnetic storms – South Africa – Grahamstown; Magnetic storms – South Africa – Madimbo; Ionosondes; Global Positioning System

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APA (6^th Edition):

Matamba, T. M. (2015). Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data. (Masters Thesis). Rhodes University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017899

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Matamba, Tshimangadzo Merline. “Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Rhodes University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017899.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Matamba, Tshimangadzo Merline. “Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Matamba TM. Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rhodes University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017899.

Council of Science Editors:

Matamba TM. Statistical analysis of the ionospheric response during storm conditions over South Africa using ionosonde and GPS data. [Masters Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1017899

Texas A&M University

10. Isaacs, Rachel E. Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma.

Degree: MS, Geography, 2009, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1515

► Large-extent ice storms have received relatively little attention from researchers. This research investigates the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the spatial patterns of… (more)

▼ Large-extent ice storms have received relatively little attention from researchers. This research investigates the effects of abiotic and biotic factors on the spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance on a forested landscape. This investigation provides a landscape-level perspective on the impacts of ice storm disturbance, clarifies the effects on ecosystem dynamics, and will aid future forest management plans. The study was conducted in Ouachita National Forest (ONF) in west-central Arkansas and southeastern Oklahoma and examined approximately 6000 km2 of forest between 150 and 800 m elevation. Normalized Difference Vegeation Index (NDVI) difference values were calculated using two Landsat 7 ETM+ scenes to identify NDVI changes that potentially were associated with ice storm damage to the forests. Forty-six geolocated field sites were used to determine the relationship of NDVI difference to actual forest damage caused by the ice storm by counting the number of downed tree boles intersecting a 100 m transect. These field sites encompassed a broad range of each of the physical variables (i.e. elevation, slope, and aspect), forest type, and degree of damage. The linear regression model determined the relationship between NDVI difference and ice storm damage. Elevation, slope, and aspect were calculated based on individual pixels from the DEM. Categories of forest damage were based on NDVI difference values. A chi-square test of correspondence and Cramer’s V test were then used to analyze relationships of damage to abiotic and biotic variables. The strong, negative relationship observed in the linear regression model suggested that NDVI was representative of ice storm damage in the study area. The chi-square test of correspondence indicated the abiotic and biotic variables all had associations with NDVI difference results (p<0.001). The Cramer’s V test established that elevation had the strongest influence on the degree of ice storm damage followed closely by slope and aspect. Moderate elevations, moderate slopes, and windward aspects received the highest percentage of major storm damage. Forest type displayed a weak relationship with the extent of damage. The topographic patterns of ice storm damage are similar to patterns found in previous research. Topography influenced spatial patterns of ice storm damage. Elevation, slope, and aspect were all found to be important variables influencing the degree of ice storm damage. Knowledge concerning these spatial patterns is critical for future studies of ecosystem dynamics and forest management practices. Advisors/Committee Members: Lafon, Charles (advisor), Millington, Andrew (committee member), Popescu, Sorin (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ice Storms; Vegetation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Isaacs, R. E. (2009). Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1515

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Isaacs, Rachel E. “Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1515.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Isaacs, Rachel E. “Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma.” 2009. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Isaacs RE. Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1515.

Council of Science Editors:

Isaacs RE. Spatial patterns of ice storm disturbance in the forested landscape of Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas and Oklahoma. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1515

Penn State University

11. Loeffler, Scott David. Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms.

Degree: 2017, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14344swl5295

► Tornadoes associated with nonsupercell storms present unique challenges for forecasters. These tornadic storms, although often not as violent or deadly as supercells, occur disproportionately during… (more)

▼ Tornadoes associated with nonsupercell storms present unique challenges for forecasters. These tornadic storms, although often not as violent or deadly as supercells, occur disproportionately during the overnight hours and the cool season, times when the public is more vulnerable. Additionally, there is significantly lower warning skill for these nonsupercell tornadoes compared to supercell tornadoes. Thus, these storms warrant further attention. This study utilizes dual-polarization WSR-88D radar data to analyze nonsupercell tornadic storms over a three-and-a-half-year period focused on the mid-Atlantic and southeastern United States. The analysis reveals three repeatable signatures: the separation of specific differential phase (KDP) and differential reflectivity (ZDR) enhancement regions owing to size sorting, the descent of high KDP values preceding intensification of the low-level rotation, and rearward movement of the KDP enhancement region prior to tornadogenesis. This study employs a new method to define the ``separation vector," comprising the distance separating the enhancement regions and the direction from the KDP enhancement region to the ZDR enhancement region, measured relative to storm motion. The median separation distance between the enhancement regions is found to be around 4 km and tends to maximize around the time of tornadogenesis. A preferred quadrant for separation direction is found to be between parallel to and 90 degrees to the right of storm motion. Furthermore, it is shown that, for a given separation distance, the storm-relative helicity increases as the separation direction increases from 0 degrees toward 90 degrees. Discussions on the implications of the other two signatures (i.e., descending high KDP values and rearward movement of KDP enhancement regions) are presented, although higher temporal resolution data are crucial for further analysis of these signatures. Advisors/Committee Members: Matthew Robert Kumjian, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Paul Markowski, Committee Member, Yvette Pamela Richardson, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Severe storms; Radar; Polarimetric radar; Tornadoes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Loeffler, S. D. (2017). Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14344swl5295

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Loeffler, Scott David. “Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14344swl5295.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Loeffler, Scott David. “Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Loeffler SD. Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14344swl5295.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Loeffler SD. Dual-polarization signatures in nonsupercell tornadic storms. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14344swl5295

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Southern Mississippi

12. Kosciuch, Thomas. The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu.

Degree: MS, Marine Science, 2017, University of Southern Mississippi

URL: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/327

► Tropical cyclone inundation is a major threat to the highly exposed islands of the South Pacific. This vulnerability was highlighted in March 2015 when… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: storms; foraminifera; taphonomy; PAM; Vanuatu; Geology; Oceanography

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kosciuch, T. (2017). The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern Mississippi. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/327

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kosciuch, Thomas. “The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Southern Mississippi. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/327.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kosciuch, Thomas. “The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kosciuch T. The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern Mississippi; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/327.

Council of Science Editors:

Kosciuch T. The Utility of Foraminifera in Documenting Sediment Provenance for Overwash Deposits: A Case Study Using Sediments Deposited by Tropical Cyclone Pam In Vanuatu. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern Mississippi; 2017. Available from: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/327

University College London (University of London)

13. Iles, Roger Henry Anthony. A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt.

Degree: PhD, 2002, University College London (University of London)

URL: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097717/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270953

► The relativistic electron distribution that occupies the outer radiation belt has been observed to vary significantly during intervals of disturbed solar wind conditions. Of particular… (more)

▼ The relativistic electron distribution that occupies the outer radiation belt has been observed to vary significantly during intervals of disturbed solar wind conditions. Of particular interest are the order of magnitude increases in the relativistic electron flux that sometimes, but not always, follow the onset of a magnetic storm. These currently unpredictable relativistic electron flux enhancements are potentially hazardous during space missions causing radiation damage to spacecraft instrumentation and to humans. The work presented here establishes the conditions in the solar wind that lead to such flux enhancements. In addition, through the combined analysis of electron and wave data we provide essential constraints for the numerous proposed mechanisms for the acceleration of relativistic electrons in the outer radiation belt. The study uses data from the two STRV micro-satellites, which uncommonly are in the necessary orbit to provide coverage of almost the total electron population of the outer radiation belt essential for understanding the dynamics of the electron population. Data on the > 0.75 MeV energy electrons is used to investigate the relationship between the electron flux enhancements during magnetic storms and the coincident solar wind and geomagnetic conditions. Three distinct different types of electron responses arc identified, with outcomes that are shown to strongly depend on the solar wind speed and in particular the interplanetary magnetic field orientation during the magnetic storm recovery phase. A number of the electron acceleration mechanisms proposed to explain relativistic electron flux enhancements are driven by Pc5 pulsations in the magnetosphere. We thus investigate the relationship between these waves and electron response during magnetic storms. The findings point to a strong correlation between the Pc5 energy present during flux enhancement events and the size of the subsequent flux increase. However, the strength of the Pc5 power falls off quickly in the vicinity of the peak flux enhancement. In order to separate non-adiabatic processes, such as electron loss and most importantly heating, from adiabatic effects, we represent the electron data in a canonical coordinate system of the three adiabatic invariants. M, J and &phis; during two case studies. Using this method we identify an internal source of accelerated relativistic electrons and a further source of relativistic electrons at larger L supplied via substorm injections and inward radial diffusion. We also confirm the absence of either source of relativistic electrons when the IMF is northward during the recovery phase. Finally we use the results to help validate or discredit the various proposed electron acceleration mechanisms and end by identifying the mechanism that fits most convincingly with the analysis.

Subjects/Keywords: 538; Magnetic storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iles, R. H. A. (2002). A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt. (Doctoral Dissertation). University College London (University of London). Retrieved from https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097717/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270953

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iles, Roger Henry Anthony. “A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt.” 2002. Doctoral Dissertation, University College London (University of London). Accessed January 16, 2021. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097717/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270953.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iles, Roger Henry Anthony. “A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt.” 2002. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Iles RHA. A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University College London (University of London); 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097717/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270953.

Council of Science Editors:

Iles RHA. A study of relativistic electron flux enhancements in the Earth's outer radiation belt. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University College London (University of London); 2002. Available from: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10097717/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270953

14. Barber, Katelyn. Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types.

Degree: MS, Atmospheric Sciences, 2015, University of North Dakota

URL: https://commons.und.edu/theses/1739

► Convective hazards such as lightning, hail, and turbulence are known to be dangerous to aviation. In order to limit aviation accidents associated with convection,… (more)

▼ Convective hazards such as lightning, hail, and turbulence are known to be dangerous to aviation. In order to limit aviation accidents associated with convection, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has several avoidance policies in place. Though these policies have been solely based on research performed in the midlatitude, continental United States (U.S.), U.S. aviation operations in the tropics still abide by the FAA avoidance policies. In this study, a limited three year climatology of tropical convection is created using both ground-based and satellite-based radar in the Guam region in order to analyze the frequency of several storm types and to gain a sense of which storm types could most commonly influence aviation. Storm types that are classified are shallow stratiform, isolated, mesoscale convective systems, and tropical cyclones. The results of the climatology indicate that storm type most frequently present near Guam are isolated. In addition, the frequency of storms with higher echo top heights increase during the summer months, suggesting that aviation operations would be most influenced by convection during the summer. The percentage of time that the area coverage of storms exceeds the FAA avoidance policy for thunderstorm coverage also increases during the summer months. Using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model, convection on August 5-6 2005 is simulated to determine the strength and extent of turbulence caused by convectively induced gravity waves. Turbulence is estimated using the Ellrod Index and indicates that Moderate-Severe turbulence is present from 10-20 km, with the greatest concentration of Moderate-Severe turbulence at 14 km throughout the entire simulation period. Further investigation of the Ellrod Index shows a dependency of turbulence strength and extent on the horizontal model resolution. The results from the model simulations are then compared to the avoidance policies set by the FAA to determine if these policies are representative of tropical convection hazards. Advisors/Committee Members: Gretchen Mullendore.

Subjects/Keywords: climatology; convection; simulation; tropical storms; turbulence; WRF

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APA (6^th Edition):

Barber, K. (2015). Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types. (Masters Thesis). University of North Dakota. Retrieved from https://commons.und.edu/theses/1739

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Barber, Katelyn. “Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of North Dakota. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://commons.und.edu/theses/1739.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Barber, Katelyn. “Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Barber K. Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of North Dakota; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://commons.und.edu/theses/1739.

Council of Science Editors:

Barber K. Simulations Of Convectively-Induced Turbulence Based On Radar-Based Climatology Of Tropical Storm Types. [Masters Thesis]. University of North Dakota; 2015. Available from: https://commons.und.edu/theses/1739

University of Plymouth

15. Almeida, Luis Pedro. Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Plymouth

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3837

► Coarse-grained beaches, such as pure gravel (PG), mixed sand-gravel (MSG) and composite (CSG) beaches, can be considered as one of the most resilient non-cohesive morpho-sedimentary… (more)

▼ Coarse-grained beaches, such as pure gravel (PG), mixed sand-gravel (MSG) and composite (CSG) beaches, can be considered as one of the most resilient non-cohesive morpho-sedimentary coastal environments to energetic wave forcing (e.g., storms). The hydraulically-rough and permeable nature of gravel (D50 > 2 mm), together with the steep (reflective) beach face, provide efficient mechanisms of wave energy dissipation in the swash zone and provide a natural means of coastal defence. Despite their potential for shore protection very little is known about the response of these environments during high energetic wave conditions. Field measurements of sediment transport and hydrodynamics on coarse-grained beaches are difficult, because there are few instruments capable of taking direct measurements in an energetic swash zone in which large clasts are moving, and significant morphological changes occur within a short period of time. Remote sensing methods emerge in this context as the most appropriate solution for these types of field measurement. A new remote sensing method, based around a mid-range (~ 50 m) 2D laser-scanner was developed, which allows the collection of swash zone hydrodynamics (e.g., vertical and horizontal runup position, swash depth and velocity) and bed changes on wave-by-wave time scale. This instrument allowed the complete coverage of the swash zone on several coarse-grained beaches with a vertical accuracy of approximately 0.015 m and an average horizontal resolution of 0.07 m. The measurements performed with this new methodology are within the accuracy of traditional field techniques (e.g. video cameras, ultrasonic bed-level sensors or dGPS). Seven field experiments were performed between March 2012 and January 2014 on six different coarse-grained beaches (Loe Bar, Chesil, Slapton, Hayling Island, Westward Ho! and Seascale), with each deployment comprising the 2D laser-scanner together with complementary in-situ instrumentation (e.g., pressure transducer, ADV current meter). These datasets were used to explore the hydrodynamics and morphological response of the swash zone of these different environments under different energetic hydrodynamic regimes, ranging from positive, to zero, to negative freeboard regimes. With reference to the swash zone dynamics under storms with positive freeboard regimes (when runup was confined to the foreshore) it was found that extreme runup has an inverse relationship with the surf scaling parameter (=2Hs /gTptan2). The highest vertical runup excursions were found on the steepest beaches (PG beaches) and under long-period swell, while lower vertical runup excursions where linked to short-period waves and beaches with intermediate and dissipative surf zones, thus demonstrating that the contrasting degree of wave dissipation observed in the different types of surf zones is a key factor that control the extreme runup on coarse-grained beaches. Contrasting morphological responses were observed on the different coarse-grained beaches as a result of the distinct…

Subjects/Keywords: 551.46; swash zone; coarse-grained beaches; storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Almeida, L. P. (2015). Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Plymouth. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3837

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Almeida, Luis Pedro. “Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Plymouth. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3837.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Almeida, Luis Pedro. “Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Almeida LP. Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Plymouth; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3837.

Council of Science Editors:

Almeida LP. Swash zone dynamics of coarse-grained beaches during energetic wave conditions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Plymouth; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/3837

University of Plymouth

16. Hernandez-Arana, Hector Abuid. Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico.

Degree: PhD, 2003, University of Plymouth

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780

► The structure of macrobenthic communities was investigated in carbonate and transitional carbonate-terrigenous sediments of the Southern Gulf of Mexico (Campeche Bank). The aim was to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 577; Winter storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hernandez-Arana, H. A. (2003). Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Plymouth. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hernandez-Arana, Hector Abuid. “Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico.” 2003. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Plymouth. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hernandez-Arana, Hector Abuid. “Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico.” 2003. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hernandez-Arana HA. Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Plymouth; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780.

Council of Science Editors:

Hernandez-Arana HA. Influence of natural and anthropogenic disturbance on the soft bottom macrobenthic community of the Campeche Bank, Mexico. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Plymouth; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1780

University of Oxford

17. Middleton, Nick. The geography of dust storms.

Degree: PhD, 1986, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375989

► Dust storms have a great many environmental implications in the world's dry lands where they are particularly common. Four main classes of dust event are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 551.5; Dust storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Middleton, N. (1986). The geography of dust storms. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375989

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Middleton, Nick. “The geography of dust storms.” 1986. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375989.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Middleton, Nick. “The geography of dust storms.” 1986. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Middleton N. The geography of dust storms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 1986. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375989.

Council of Science Editors:

Middleton N. The geography of dust storms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 1986. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9e98cc16-7a43-4ef8-9526-3e4c064b108a ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375989

18. Oakes, Robert David. Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Sussex

URL: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51437/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632755

► A significant minority of at risk residents in the USA do not evacuate from an approaching hurricane when they are advised to by local authorities.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 550; HV0635 Storms; hurricanes; typhoons; etc.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Oakes, R. D. (2014). Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Sussex. Retrieved from http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51437/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632755

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Oakes, Robert David. “Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Sussex. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51437/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632755.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Oakes, Robert David. “Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Oakes RD. Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Sussex; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51437/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632755.

Council of Science Editors:

Oakes RD. Using Q method and agent based modelling to understand hurricane evacuation decisions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Sussex; 2014. Available from: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51437/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632755

University of Hawaii – Manoa

19. Kaiser, Lauren R. Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands.

Degree: 2015, University of Hawaii – Manoa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101096

►

MA University of Hawaii at Manoa 2014

In Hawaiʻi, climate is significantly impacted by the occurrence of upper level lows in the central North Pacific… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Kona low; rainfall; storms; Hawaii; climate change

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaiser, L. R. (2015). Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands. (Thesis). University of Hawaii – Manoa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101096

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaiser, Lauren R. “Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands.” 2015. Thesis, University of Hawaii – Manoa. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101096.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaiser, Lauren R. “Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands.” 2015. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaiser LR. Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101096.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kaiser LR. Assessing the Impacts of Kona Lows on Rainfall: Variability and Spatial Patterns in the Hawaiian Islands. [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/101096

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Louisiana State University

20. Thompson, Derek Trent. Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application.

Degree: MS, Physical and Environmental Geography, 2018, Louisiana State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4737

► This thesis introduces a new tropical cyclone (TC) size dataset. Using the radius of the outermost closed isobar (ROCI) as the size metric of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Hurricanes; Tropical Storms; Size; Damage; United States

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APA (6^th Edition):

Thompson, D. T. (2018). Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4737

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thompson, Derek Trent. “Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4737.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thompson, Derek Trent. “Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application.” 2018. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Thompson DT. Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4737.

Council of Science Editors:

Thompson DT. Construction of a Tropical Cyclone Size Dataset using Retroactive Analysis Data with a Damage Application. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2018. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4737

Penn State University

21. Katona, Branden Thomas. An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments.

Degree: 2020, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/18073bik5072

► Relatively little is known about how terrain affects convective storms. Many studies acknowledge the possible influence of terrain, but it is difficult to say how… (more)

▼ Relatively little is known about how terrain affects convective storms. Many studies acknowledge the possible influence of terrain, but it is difficult to say how any particular storm is affected by terrain; this is largely because we cannot know how a particular storm would have evolved in the absence of terrain. In order to better understand how terrain affects storms and their ability to produce tornadoes, the effects of terrain on both storm environments and storm dynamics should be studied. The work presented here investigates both the influence of terrain on storm environments in northeastern Alabama (an area of considerable interest in some recent studies) and the effects of terrain on the tornadogenesis process in storms more generally. Storms crossing complex terrain can potentially encounter rapidly changing convective environments. However, our understanding of terrain-induced variability in convective storm environments remains limited. HRRR data are used in this study to create climatologies of popular convective storm forecasting parameters for different wind regimes. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) are used to generate six different low-level wind regimes, characterized by different wind directions, for which popular instability and vertical wind shear parameters are averaged. The climatologies show that both instability and vertical wind shear are highly variable in regions of complex terrain, and that the spatial distributions of perturbations relative to the terrain are dependent on the low-level wind direction. Idealized simulations are used to investigate the origins of some of the perturbations seen in the SOM climatologies. The idealized simulations replicate many of the features in the SOM climatologies, which facilitates analysis of their dynamical origins. Terrain influences are greatest when winds are approximately perpendicular to the terrain. In such cases, a standing wave can develop in the lee, leading to an increase in low-level wind speed and a reduction in vertical wind shear. Additionally, CAPE tends to be decreased and LCL heights are increased in the lee of the terrain where relative humidity within the boundary layer is locally decreased. The influence of terrain on tornadogenesis is highly uncertain. Most observations of storms that produce tornadoes in complex terrain attribute the tornadogenesis to near-storm environment changes. However, these observations fail to give insight into changes to storm dynamics that may affect tornadogenesis. To assess how complex terrain may affect storms, 72 different simulations are generated in which a 250 m tall isolated hill is placed at different locations within the domain. These storms are objectively clustered according to when, where, and if tornadoes are generated. Over half of the storms fail to make tornadoes or make very brief tornadoes. Storms that do not make tornadoes have lower near-surface circulation and weaker vertical accelerations in low-levels of the storms than those that make tornadoes, which fits with current conceptual… Advisors/Committee Members: Paul Markowski, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Paul Markowski, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Yvette Pamela Richardson, Committee Member, David Jonathan Stensrud, Committee Member, Guido Cervone, Outside Member, George Bryan, Special Member, Paul Markowski, Program Head/Chair.

Subjects/Keywords: complex terrain; convective environments; tornadogenesis; severe storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Katona, B. T. (2020). An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/18073bik5072

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Katona, Branden Thomas. “An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments.” 2020. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/18073bik5072.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Katona, Branden Thomas. “An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Katona BT. An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/18073bik5072.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Katona BT. An Investigation of the Influence of Complex Terrain on Severe Storms and Their Environments. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2020. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/18073bik5072

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Missouri – Columbia

22. Ebner, Nicholas William. A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri.

Degree: 2013, University of Missouri – Columbia

URL: https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43068

► In recent years there have been many devastating tornadoes which have hit cities of all sizes across the state of Missouri, including St. Louis (April… (more)

▼ In recent years there have been many devastating tornadoes which have hit cities of all sizes across the state of Missouri, including St. Louis (April 22, 2011) rated EF 4, Joplin (May 22, 2011) rated EF 5 and Sedalia (May 25, 2011) rated EF-2. These, along with other catastrophic tornadoes in cities such as Tuscaloosa and Birmingham, Alabama, have increased the conversation regarding public policy of the use of tornado sirens. In many Missouri counties, guidelines and procedures regarding when to warn the public are inconsistent. After the media, emergency management directors and tornado sirens are the largest source and fastest way of informing the public of impending severe weather with the capability of producing tornadoes. With inconsistencies from county to county in Missouri and a lack of oversight by the state, uncertain and unregulated policies can cause citizens to be confused as to the specific meaning of these sirens. These variations in policy can range from who has responsibility over siren activation to the circumstances in which sirens are sounded. Frequently, in these time-sensitive situations, emergency managers do not have the sole responsibility of when to sound sirens. This decision is often left up to an assortment of individuals such as the police or fire department. It is well documented that citizens have become desensitized to tornado sirens based on the frequent number of soundings that have proven either to be a false alarm or siren activation provoked by other non-tornadic weather events. This occurs because many counties use their tornado sirens for reasons other than to alert citizens specifically of the immediate threat of tornadoes. Using a survey and archival research to gather information such as the jurisdiction policies on who activates sirens and the activation guidelines, a better understanding of how the warning process throughout Missouri was achieved. Suggestions are made that can be used by Emergency Management Directors (EMDs) when siren activation may be necessary. T Advisors/Committee Members: Lupo, Anthony R., 1966- (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Emergency management; Tornado warning systems; Severe storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ebner, N. W. (2013). A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43068

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ebner, Nicholas William. “A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri.” 2013. Thesis, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43068.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ebner, Nicholas William. “A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri.” 2013. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ebner NW. A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43068.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ebner NW. A study of emergency management policy regarding the use of tornado sirens during severe weather in the state of Missouri. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.32469/10355/43068

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oklahoma

23. Schenkman, Alexander Daniel. Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Oklahoma

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/318637

Errors in trajectory analysis are also discussed. A simple, one-dimensional flow is invoked to demonstrate the sensitivities of trajectory analysis to divergent/convergent flows. Possible remedies and alternatives to trajectory analysis are proposed for future work. Advisors/Committee Members: Xue, Ming (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Tornadoes; Numerical weather forecasting; Severe storms

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schenkman, A. D. (2012). Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/318637

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schenkman, Alexander Daniel. “Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/318637.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schenkman, Alexander Daniel. “Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Schenkman AD. Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/318637.

Council of Science Editors:

Schenkman AD. Exploring Tornadogenesis with High-Resolution Simulations Initialized with Real Data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/318637

Rhodes University

24. Ngwira, Chigomezyo Mudala. An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica.

Degree: PhD, Faculty of Science, Physics and Electronics, 2012, Rhodes University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012957

► The ionosphere is of practical importance for satellite-based communication and navigation systems due to its variable refractive nature which affects the propagation of trans-ionospheric radio… (more)

▼ The ionosphere is of practical importance for satellite-based communication and navigation systems due to its variable refractive nature which affects the propagation of trans-ionospheric radio signals. This thesis reports on the first attempt to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the generation of positive ionospheric storm effects over mid-latitude South Africa. The storm response on 15 May 2005 was associated with equatorward neutral winds and the passage of travelling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs). The two TIDs reported in this thesis propagated with average velocities of ∼438 m/s and ∼515 m/s respectively. The velocity of the first TID (i.e. 438 m/s) is consistent with the velocities calculated in other studies for the same storm event. In a second case study, the positive storm enhancement on both 25 and 27 July 2004 lasted for more than 7 hours, and were classified as long-duration positive ionospheric storm effects. It has been suggested that the long-duration positive storm effects could have been caused by large-scale thermospheric wind circulation and enhanced equatorward neutral winds. These processes were in turn most likely to have been driven by enhanced and sustained energy input in the high-latitude ionosphere due to Joule heating and particle energy injection. This is evident by the prolonged high-level geomagnetic activity on both 25 and 27 July. This thesis also reports on the phase scintillation investigation at the South African Antarctic polar research station during solar minimum conditions. The multi-instrument approach that was used shows that the scintillation events were associated with auroral electron precipitation and that substorms play an essential role in the production of scintillation in the high latitudes. Furthermore, the investigation reveals that external energy injection into the ionosphere is necessary for the development of high-latitude irregularities which produce scintillation. Finally, this thesis highlights inadequate data resources as one of the major shortcomings to be addressed in order to fully understand and distinguish between the various ionospheric storm drivers over the Southern Africa mid-latitude region. The results presented in this thesis on the ionospheric response during geomagnetic storms provide essential information to direct further investigation aimed at developing this emerging field of study in South Africa. Advisors/Committee Members: McKinnell, Lee-Anne, Cilliers, Pierre.

Subjects/Keywords: Geomagnetism – South Africa; Geomagnetism – Antarctica; Ionospheric storms – South Africa; Ionospheric storms – Antarctica

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ngwira, C. M. (2012). An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rhodes University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012957

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ngwira, Chigomezyo Mudala. “An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Rhodes University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012957.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ngwira, Chigomezyo Mudala. “An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ngwira CM. An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rhodes University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012957.

Council of Science Editors:

Ngwira CM. An analysis of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances over South Africa and Antarctica. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rhodes University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1012957

University of Maine

25. Simonson, Julia. Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States.

Degree: PhD, Earth Sciences, 2020, University of Maine

URL: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3224

► There is growing concern that some aspects of severe weather could become more frequent and extreme across the northeastern United States (USNE) as a… (more)

▼ There is growing concern that some aspects of severe weather could become more frequent and extreme across the northeastern United States (USNE) as a consequence of climate change. Extratropical cyclones and frontal systems are a common factor in a variety of severe weather hazards in the region. This dissertation examines three types of meteorological events impacting the USNE – ice storms, heavy rainfall, and high-wind events. The first research topic utilizes the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in a case study of the December 2013 New England ice storm. In this analysis, a series of tests are conducted to examine how choice of planetary boundary layer physics and other factors affect the model skill in comparison to observations. The results show that near-surface variables are highly sensitive to model setup, highlighting the need for careful testing prior to use. The second research topic explores large-scale teleconnections associated with the documented increase in summer precipitation across the USNE over the past two decades. It is shown that the precipitation surplus occurs in likely teleconnection with increased frequency of high pressure blocking over Greenland. As the current generation of climate models do not correctly depict seasonal patterns or trends in precipitation for the USNE, identifying the association between Greenland blocking and recent precipitation changes across the USNE is crucial for understanding the shortcomings for climate projections for the region. The third research topic is an analysis of the frequency and intensity of mid-autumn wind storms in New England. Fall season storms can have dominant cold-season characteristics, while also being fueled by warm-season moisture sources or the result of an extratropical transition. While the results show an increase in storm total precipitation, there are no significant trends in overall wind storm frequency or intensity with respect to central pressure or surface wind speeds. Nevertheless, storm severity is only one factor that contributes to damage from high wind events. As a whole, this dissertation provides insights to how precipitation and storms are changing across the USNE, while highlighting some of the challenges of weather and climate prediction at regional scales. Advisors/Committee Members: Sean D. Birkel, Kirk A. Maasch, Paul A. Mayewski.

Subjects/Keywords: ice storms; Weather Research and Forecasting model; wind storms; reanalysis; explosive cyclones; Atmospheric Sciences; Climate

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APA (6^th Edition):

Simonson, J. (2020). Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Maine. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3224

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simonson, Julia. “Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Maine. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3224.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simonson, Julia. “Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Simonson J. Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Maine; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3224.

Council of Science Editors:

Simonson J. Extratropical Cyclones and Associated Climate Impacts in the Northeastern United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Maine; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3224

Rhodes University

26. Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques.

Degree: Faculty of Science, Physics and Electronics, 2019, Rhodes University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/92908

► Statistical models based on empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) analysis and non-linear regression analysis (NLRA) were developed for the purpose of estimating the ionospheric total electron… (more)

▼ Statistical models based on empirical orthogonal functions (EOF) analysis and non-linear regression analysis (NLRA) were developed for the purpose of estimating the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) during geomagnetic storms. The well-known least squares method (LSM) and Metropolis-Hastings algorithm (MHA) were used as optimization techniques to determine the unknown coefficients of the developed analytical expressions. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model, and the Multi-Instrument Data Analysis System (MIDAS) tomographic inversion algorithm were also applied to storm-time TEC modelling/reconstruction for various latitudes of the African sector and surrounding areas. This work presents some of the first statistical modeling of the mid-latitude and low-latitude ionosphere during geomagnetic storms that includes solar, geomagnetic and neutral wind drivers.Development and validation of the empirical models were based on storm-time TEC data derived from the global positioning system (GPS) measurements over ground receivers within Africa and surrounding areas. The storm criterion applied was Dst 6 −50 nT and/or Kp > 4. The performance evaluation of MIDAS compared with ANNs to reconstruct storm-time TEC over the African low- and mid-latitude regions showed that MIDAS and ANNs provide comparable results. Their respective mean absolute error (MAE) values were 4.81 and 4.18 TECU. The ANN model was, however, found to perform 24.37 % better than MIDAS at estimating storm-time TEC for low latitudes, while MIDAS is 13.44 % more accurate than ANN for the mid-latitudes. When their performances are compared with the IRI model, both MIDAS and ANN model were found to provide more accurate storm-time TEC reconstructions for the African low- and mid-latitude regions. A comparative study of the performances of EOF, NLRA, ANN, and IRI models to estimate TEC during geomagnetic storm conditions over various latitudes showed that the ANN model is about 10 %, 26 %, and 58 % more accurate than EOF, NLRA, and IRI models, respectively, while EOF was found to perform 15 %, and 44 % better than NLRA and IRI, respectively. It was further found that the NLRA model is 25 % more accurate than the IRI model. We have also investigated for the first time, the role of meridional neutral winds (from the Horizontal Wind Model) to storm-time TEC modelling in the low latitude, northern and southern hemisphere mid-latitude regions of the African sector, based on ANN models. Statistics have shown that the inclusion of the meridional wind velocity in TEC modelling during geomagnetic storms leads to percentage improvements of about 5 % for the low latitude, 10 % and 5 % for the northern and southern hemisphere mid-latitude regions, respectively. High-latitude storm-induced winds and the inter-hemispheric blows of the meridional winds from summer to winter hemisphere have been suggested to be associated with these improvements.

Subjects/Keywords: Magnetic storms; Astronomy – Computer programs; Imaging systems in astronomy; Ionospheric storms; Electrons – Measurement; Magnetosphere – Observations

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APA (6^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, J. C. (2019). Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques. (Thesis). Rhodes University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/92908

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. “Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques.” 2019. Thesis, Rhodes University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/92908.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Uwamahoro, Jean Claude. “Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques.” 2019. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Uwamahoro JC. Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques. [Internet] [Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/92908.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Uwamahoro JC. Modelling storm-time TEC changes using linear and non-linear techniques. [Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/92908

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

East Carolina University

27. Lawhorne, Alison E. "EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER.

Degree: MA, English, 2012, East Carolina University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4081

► The following study explores the role of environmental activism in Solar Storms (1995) by Linda Hogan, Potiki (1986) by Patricia Grace, and Prodigal Summer (2000)… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Literature; Solar storms; Potiki; Prodigal summer; Environmentalism in literature; Hogan, Linda. Solar storms; Grace, Patricia, 1937- . Potiki; Kingsolver, Barbara. Prodigal summer

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lawhorne, A. E. (2012). "EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER. (Masters Thesis). East Carolina University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4081

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lawhorne, Alison E. “"EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER.” 2012. Masters Thesis, East Carolina University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4081.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lawhorne, Alison E. “"EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER.” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lawhorne AE. "EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4081.

Council of Science Editors:

Lawhorne AE. "EVERYTHING WE NEED IS HERE" : RESTORING ENVIRONMENTAL BONDS THROUGH ACTIVISM IN SOLAR STORMS BY LINDA HOGAN, POTIKI BY PATRICIA GRACE, AND PRODIGAL SUMMER BY BARBARA KINGSOLVER. [Masters Thesis]. East Carolina University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10342/4081

University of Florida

28. Wilson, Kathleen E. Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York.

Degree: MS, Geology - Geological Sciences, 2014, University of Florida

URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047215

► Prediction of coastal vulnerability on event to decadal time scales is an increasing concern to managers and stakeholders. Site-specific probabilistic models of coastal change are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Barrier islands; Beaches; Conditional probabilities; Dunes; Modeling; Parametric models; Predictive modeling; Shorelines; Storms; Waves; bayes – coasts – hazards – storms – vulnerability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wilson, K. E. (2014). Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York. (Masters Thesis). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047215

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wilson, Kathleen E. “Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Florida. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047215.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wilson, Kathleen E. “Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York.” 2014. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wilson KE. Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Florida; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047215.

Council of Science Editors:

Wilson KE. Probablistic Forecasting of Morphodynamic Response to High-Wave Events at Fire Island, New York. [Masters Thesis]. University of Florida; 2014. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047215

The Ohio State University

29. Hill, Kara J. Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture.

Degree: MA, East Asian Languages and Literatures, 2011, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306877383

► Dust storms are natural phenomena, bringing both positive and negative effects for the natural environment. However, dust storms are increasingly becoming an uncontrollable natural… (more)

▼ Dust storms are natural phenomena, bringing both positive and negative effects for the natural environment. However, dust storms are increasingly becoming an uncontrollable natural disaster, exacerbating desertification, creating atmospheric pollution, destroying ecosystems, negatively impacting basic infrastructure, and causing not just huge economic losses, but also the loss of human life. Dust storms are a product of the interaction between atmospheric and ground surface factors. Ground surface ecosystems are directly affected by anthropologic activities, such as production, manufacturing, deforestation, excessive farming and animal grazing, as well as unreasonable use of water resources. The resulting desertification and soil erosion can consequently impact the development of dust storms. Presently, the ability to control the atmosphere is limited, and the key to reducing the intensity and frequency of dust storms exists in protecting and improving ground surface ecosystems. The causes of dust storms are diverse, including desertification and the drying up of lakes and rivers. Currently, the focus on preventing dust storms by preventing desertification has achieved great progress through measures such as controlling blown sand movement, reverting cultivated land to forestry and grassland, and the enactment of laws such as the “Law of Land Administration,” “Soil and Water Conservation Law,” and “Law on the Prevention and Control of Desertification.” However, because of the various causes and origins of dust storms, the prevention and remediation of dust storms is still limited. Recent research provides compelling evidence of a saline alkaline dust storm, and more research will be required to examine the extent of its chemical impact as well as methods for its prevention and control. Additionally, most of the success achieved in preventing and remediating dust storms resulting from desertification are only temporary solutions and do not solve the root of the problem. Furthermore, China’s dust storms mainly originate in the underdeveloped and economically disadvantaged western regions. Improper use of local resources is exacerbating the problems of desertification and dust storms. A case study of a 2010 saltwater agricultural experiment conducted in Gansu province shows promise to improve not just the local economy, but also prevent dust storms and protect the area’s meager freshwater resources. However, several obstacles will need to be overcome for this experiment to become a reality. Finally, the prevention and control of China’s dust storms will be more effective through examining other countries’ experiences with dust storms, improvement of related laws and systems, and increasing ecological protection, education, and research. Advisors/Committee Members: Walker, Galal (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Studies; Dust storms; Desertification; &8220; Prevention and control of desertification&8221; Saline-alkaline dust storms; Salt-water agriculture

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hill, K. J. (2011). Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306877383

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hill, Kara J. “Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture.” 2011. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306877383.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hill, Kara J. “Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture.” 2011. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hill KJ. Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306877383.

Council of Science Editors:

Hill KJ. Research on Preventing and Remediating the Dust Storms of China: A Case Study Investigating the Development of Salt Water Agriculture. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2011. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306877383

University of Pretoria

30. Rashki, Alireza. Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health .

Degree: 2012, University of Pretoria

URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042012-125044/

► Atmospheric aerosols are suspensions of solid and/or liquid particles in the air from natural and anthropogenic sources. Aerosols are ubiquitous in the air and are… (more)

▼ Atmospheric aerosols are suspensions of solid and/or liquid particles in the air from natural and anthropogenic sources. Aerosols are ubiquitous in the air and are often observable as dust, smoke and haze. Dust is considered to be one of the major components of tropospheric aerosols over the globe. Natural and human processes contribute to aerosol emissions. Each year, several billion tons of soil-dust is entrained into the atmosphere playing a vital role in solar irradiance attenuation, and affects marine environments, atmospheric dynamics and weather. Air pollution has recently become a serious environmental problem. Over recent years in the public health domain particulate matter (PM) concentration has become a topic of considerable importance, since epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to particulates with aerodynamic diameters of < 10 ìm (PM10) and especially < 2.5 ìm (PM2.5) induces an increase of lung cancer, morbidity and cardiopulmonary mortality. Mineral dust plays an important role in the optical, physical and chemical processes in the atmosphere, while dust deposition adds exogenous mineral and organic material to terrestrial surfaces, having a significant impact on the Earth’s ecosystems and biogeochemical cycles. The role of dust aerosols in atmospheric processes, i.e. Earth’s radiation balance, cloud microphysics, etc, strongly depends on a variety of physico-chemical parameters, size distribution, dust sources, atmospheric lifetime and mixing processes in the atmosphere. Analysis of the physical properties and chemical composition of dust aerosols is important to determine aerosol sources, mixing processes, transport pathways and their effects on human health. Atmospheric aerosols affect the global climatic system in many ways, i.e. by attenuating the solar radiation reaching the ground, modifying the solar spectrum, re-distributing the earth-atmosphere energy budget and influencing cloud microphysics and the hydrological cycle. Satellite remote for sensing provides an important observational means for monitoring dust production and for improving the understanding of the effects of regional-scale atmospheric processes on dust emission and transport. The Sistan region is located in southeastern Iran, close to the Iranian borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan. The climate is arid, with low annual average precipitation of ~55 mm occurring mainly in the winter (December to February) and evaporation exceeding ~4000 mm.year-1. During summer (June – September), the area is under the influence of a low pressure system attributed to the Indian thermal low that extends further to the west as a consequence of the south Asian monsoon system. These low pressure conditions are the trigger for the development of the Levar northerly wind, commonly known as the “120-day wind”, causing frequent dust and sand storms and contributing to the deterioration of air quality. Therefore, one of the main factors affecting the weather conditions over the region is the strong winds rendering Sistan as one of the… Advisors/Committee Members: Rautenbach, C.J. de W. (Cornelis Johannes de, Kaskaoutis, Dimitris G (advisor), Eriksson, Patrick George (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Tropospheric aerosols; Sistan region of iran; Dust storms; UCTD

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rashki, A. (2012). Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042012-125044/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rashki, Alireza. “Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health .” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042012-125044/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rashki, Alireza. “Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health .” 2012. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rashki A. Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Pretoria; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042012-125044/.

Council of Science Editors:

Rashki A. Seasonality and mineral, chemical and optical properties of dust storms in the Sistan region of Iran, and their influence on human health . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Pretoria; 2012. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09042012-125044/

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