subject:(species delimitation)

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

1. Terraneo, Tullia Isotta. Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula.

Degree: Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, 2019, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660148

► The genus Porites is one of the most important scleractinian genera in terms of species diversity and panmictic tropical distribution. However, Porites is notorious for… (more)

▼ The genus Porites is one of the most important scleractinian genera in terms of species diversity and panmictic tropical distribution. However, Porites is notorious for challenging taxonomic identification based on colony gross morphology, micromorphology, and single gene analyses, suggesting that the current classification poorly represents real evolutionary relationships. This research integrates skeletal morphology data and single locus genetic evidence with genome-wide analyses and alternative line of evidence to taxonomy (i.e. symbiotic association data), with the aim of clarifying biodiversity, biogeography, and taxonomy of Porites from the Arabian Peninsula. In this dissertation, I evaluated the diversity of Porites in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, providing a basic morpho-molecular background to the taxonomy of Porites in the region, and highlighting that a) the current taxonomic and phylogenetic position of 15 Porites morphological species needs to be reassessed, and that b) coral biodiversity in the Arabian region needs to be re-evaluated. To address this, I reconstructed the complete mitochondrial genomes of two endemic Red Sea species, contributing a solid framework for clarifying the phylogeny and taxonomy of Porites in future molecular studies. I implemented the morpho-molecular results with high-throughput sequencing data, generating a comprehensive hypothesis of species boundaries and biogeography of Porites in the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula. These results suggested that 15 morphological species from this region, were clustered into eight molecular lineages, two of which previously unknown. Finally, using the nuclear Internal Transcribed Spacer II (ITS2) marker in a high-throughput sequencing framework, I presented evidence derived from symbiotic association of Porites with dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae. Symbiont diversity showed patterns of geographic-specific association at multiple levels, including at the level of Symbiodiniaceae genera, majority ITS2 sequences, and ITS2 type profile levels. Specific associations with host genotypes were also recovered, providing a further line of evidence that the current taxonomy of Porites is in need for revision. This dissertation highlights the utility of an integrated approach to taxonomy in elucidating species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships in Scleractinia and represents a framework that could be applied to other taxa awaiting revision. Advisors/Committee Members: Berumen, Michael L. (advisor), Baird, Andrew H. (committee member), Voolstra, Christian R. (committee member), Tester, Mark A. (committee member), Reimer, James D. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Systematics; Corals; Species Delimitation; Biodiversity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Terraneo, T. I. (2019). Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula. (Thesis). King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660148

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Terraneo, Tullia Isotta. “Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula.” 2019. Thesis, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660148.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Terraneo, Tullia Isotta. “Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Terraneo TI. Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula. [Internet] [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660148.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Terraneo TI. Diversity, Phylogeography, and Taxonomy of Hard-Corals in the Genus Porites from the Arabian Peninsula. [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/660148

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

2. Belton, Gareth Smith. The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119299

► Phenotypic plasticity has been a long-standing source of taxonomic difficulty in many algal groups. Nowhere is this more evident than in the siphonous green algal… (more)

▼ Phenotypic plasticity has been a long-standing source of taxonomic difficulty in many algal groups. Nowhere is this more evident than in the siphonous green algal genera, Caulerpa, which although consisting of a single cell, display a complex habit with the thallus differentiating into stolons, rhizoids, and upright fronds, many also bearing branchlets. Environmentally controlled phenotypic plasticity in all morphological characters has led to much confusion, misidentification and a cumbersome classification scheme. Furthermore, recent molecular studies have added to this confusion by uncovering considerable conflict between morphological and molecular species concepts. A framework to resolve the taxonomy and match previously described names with newly obtained molecular data has remained an elusive goal to date for this group. The present thesis aimed to resolve the taxonomy of Caulerpa species found in Australian waters and in so doing, provide a best practice framework for integrating historical nomenclature into molecular taxonomies. Using a combination of phylogenetic and species-delimitation approaches of partial tufA and rbcL gene sequences, I first determined the number of genetic species within a globally sampled set of “C. racemosa-peltata complex” specimens. Guided by these results, comparative morphological examinations were then undertaken to gauge the extent of phenotypic plasticity within each species, as well as any morphological overlap between them. This approach was combined with detailed observations of type and herbarium specimens, and consideration of type descriptions to make informed decisions to advise on taxonomic updates. Using this framework I then tackled the taxonomies of the species rich Caulerpa floras of north-western and southern Australia. Unsurprisingly, results confirmed some serious mismatches between morphological and molecular species concepts in the genus, most evident in the C. racemosa-peltata complex. I describe a number of new species and make a large number of taxonomic changes. A number of range extensions for some species were also uncovered, most importantly, the recent southerly extension of C. cylindracea into Victorian waters (previously C. racemosa var. cylindracea), one of the most notorious invasive seaweeds in the world. With an accurate DNA barcode for C. cylindracea, I was then able to use Genbank records and newly obtained data in order to obtain an accurate global distribution for the species. Using this dataset species distribution modelling was used to predict future spread, and identified areas at risk of invasion along the coasts of Western Europe, western Africa and the south coast of Australia. Advisors/Committee Members: Lowe, Andrew (advisor), School of Biological Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Caulerpa; Taxonomy; Algae; Australia; Species delimitation; Morphology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Belton, G. S. (2016). The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119299

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Belton, Gareth Smith. “The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119299.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Belton, Gareth Smith. “The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Belton GS. The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119299.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Belton GS. The Taxonomy of the Green Macroalgal Genus Caulerpa: A Framework for the Application of Old Species Names in DNA-Based Taxonomies. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119299

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

3. Sparks, Kathryn Susanne. Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex.

Degree: 2015, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98121

► Monomorium is a speciose genus of myrmicine ants that are found in all major continents including a significant Australian radiation. The systematics of the group… (more)

▼ Monomorium is a speciose genus of myrmicine ants that are found in all major continents including a significant Australian radiation. The systematics of the group is, however, problematic. At the generic level, Monomorium represents a polyphyletic assemblage of lineages within the Solenopsidini and requires systematic reassessment of the major clades. At the species level there is taxonomic disagreement about what constitutes a species and how much morphological variation a species can contain. This thesis presents the first molecular study of the Australasian Monomorium and presents a systematic framework which is used to test the monophyly of the Australian species groups and explore species diversity across the major clades. In addition, an investigation of the putative M. rothsteini species complex is presented as well as taxonomic descriptions of the 23 species identified as part of that study. An investigation of the relationships among the Australian species of Monomorium is presented in Chapter 2. Molecular sequence data from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) and the two nuclear markers wingless (wg) and elongation factor subunit 1 alpha, F2 copy (EF1αF2) was obtained and used to generate a phylogeny of 22 Australian and 9 extralimital species. The Australian species were recovered in two separate clades. Clade 1 which comprised predominantly those species with 11-segmented antennae (including M. antipodum from New Zealand) plus the M. sordidum/M. rothsteini radiation represents the Australian component of Monomorium s.str. while Clade 2, containing those species with 12-segmented antennae, including species from New Caledonia and New Zealand, represents an independent lineage from Monomorium s.s. Subsequently, Chelaner was brought out of synonymy to encompass those species resolved in Clade 2 and their morphological allies. A phylogenetic analysis using an expanded dataset of COI sequences revealed the paraphyly of four of the Australian species groups and of five species suggesting unrecognized species diversity across the two genera. Chapter 3 presents an investigation of cryptic species diversity in the M. rothsteini species complex. A combination of COI sequences, morphology and collection records for 171 samples from across the geographic range of M. rothsteini was used in a species delimitation study that provides evidence for 38 separate mitochondrial lineages. Morphological assessment of the clades revealed a complex and overlapping pattern with most lineages morphologically distinct from their sister lineage, some having complete overlap with one or more lineages and a majority occurring sympatrically with one or more genetically and morphologically distinct lineages. Haplotype networks of the nuclear markers EF1αF2 and wg indicated a rapid and recent speciation event with introgression in both the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Of the 38 lineages identified in Chapter 3, 22 were determined as having sufficient evidence to enable formal description. A taxonomic revision of… Advisors/Committee Members: Austin, Andrew Donald (advisor), Anderson, Alan (advisor), Donnellan, Stephen Charles (advisor), Shattuck, Steve (advisor), School of Biological Sciences (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Australia; ants; Monomorium; systematics; taxonomy; species delimitation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sparks, K. S. (2015). Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98121

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sparks, Kathryn Susanne. “Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex.” 2015. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98121.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sparks, Kathryn Susanne. “Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex.” 2015. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sparks KS. Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98121.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sparks KS. Australian Monomorium: systematics and species delimitation with a focus on the M. rothsteini complex. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/98121

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Brigham Young University

4. Aguilar, Cesar Augusto. Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards.

Degree: PhD, 2017, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7686&context=etd

► In this thesis I have connected different evolutionary studies of Lioalemus lizards. In Chapter 1, I followed an integrative approach to delimit species in the… (more)

▼ In this thesis I have connected different evolutionary studies of Lioalemus lizards. In Chapter 1, I followed an integrative approach to delimit species in the Liolaemus walkeri complex. Using mitochondrial markers, morphological data, bioclimatic information and methods appropriate for each data type, we found that the name L. walkeri was covering three new lineages. Three new species were described and one of them (L. chavin) is now categorized as Near Threatened in the IUCN red list. In Chapter 2, I change the subject from species boundaries to the study of viviparity and placentation. In this paper we employed scanning electron and confocal microscopy to compare the placental ultra-structure and pattern of blood vessels in two Liolaemus species. One of the most remarkable traits found is the complete reduction of the eggshell in both placentae, a possible adaptation to improve gas exchange in the hypoxic environments of the high Andes. In chapter 3, I returned to the issue of species delimitation and employed two integrative approaches: a hypothetical deductive framework and a model-based procedure. I applied both approaches in lowland and highland Liolaemus species of the montanus group. I found that in only one case (of four) an unnamed lowland lineage ("Nazca") was delimited concordantly by both procedures. In Chapter 4, I focus on a study of convergent evolution of desert phenotype in Liolaemus species and Ctenoblepharys adspersa. I performed a Bayesian time calibrated and maximum likelihood tree based on 55 taxa and seven molecular markers. We employed quantitative and categorical traits based on 400 specimens and non-metric multidimensional scaling to obtain new quantitative variables. I used three phylogenetic comparative methods to identify and measure the strength of convergence. My results found a strong case of convergent traits in C. adspersa, L. lentus, L. manueli, L. poconchilensis and L. stolzmanni that are probably related to predator avoidance in the Peruvian-Atacama and Monte deserts. In addition, my time calibrated tree resolves the origin of these traits first in C. adspersa at about 80 million years (My) and later independently in Liolaemus species at about 25 My suggesting the present of evolutionary constraints.

Subjects/Keywords: Liolaemus; lizards; species delimitation; placentation; convergence; Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Aguilar, C. A. (2017). Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7686&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aguilar, Cesar Augusto. “Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7686&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aguilar, Cesar Augusto. “Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Aguilar CA. Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7686&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Aguilar CA. Phylogenetic Relationships, Species Boundaries, and Studies of Viviparity and Convergent Evolution in Liolaemus Lizards. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2017. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7686&context=etd

Brigham Young University

5. Camargo Bentaberry, Arley. Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae).

Degree: PhD, 2011, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3648&context=etd

► The inference of species boundaries and phylogenetic relationships are fundamental for evolutionary, ecological, and conservation studies. The resolution of species boundaries and the inference… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: species trees; species delimitation; coalescent model; speciation; Liolaemus; Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Camargo Bentaberry, A. (2011). Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae). (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3648&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Camargo Bentaberry, Arley. “Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae).” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3648&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Camargo Bentaberry, Arley. “Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae).” 2011. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Camargo Bentaberry A. Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3648&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Camargo Bentaberry A. Species Trees and Species Delimitation with Multilocus Data and Coalescent-based Methods: Resolving the Speciation History of the Liolaemus darwinii Group (Squamata, Tropiduridae). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2011. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3648&context=etd

6. Derkarabetian, Shahan. Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores).

Degree: Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2017, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2491j6ff

► My dissertation research utilizes next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and associated bioinformatics processing to answer systematic and evolutionary questions in Opiliones (harvestmen) at different taxonomic scales,… (more)

▼ My dissertation research utilizes next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology and associated bioinformatics processing to answer systematic and evolutionary questions in Opiliones (harvestmen) at different taxonomic scales, focusing on the Laniatores superfamily Travunioidea and particularly the travunioid genus Sclerobunus. Opiliones are a diverse group of arachnids with over 6500 described species distributed on every continent except Antarctica. Despite relatively high diversity (e.g., more described species than mammals), harvestmen are poorly studied. This dissertation research has three main projects. The first chapter is a higher-level phylogenetics and taxonomic study of the Travunioidea, a clade of ~80 species of harvestmen distributed throughout the Holarctic. Here I utilized ultraconserved elements (UCE) for phylogenomic reconstruction using multiple types of phylogenetic reconstruction methods. Based on results, a new taxonomic classification is proposed for the Travunioidea, including the identification and diagnosis of a new family, and I reassess the phylogenetic utility of morphological characters used to differentiate and diagnose travunioid taxa. The second chapter focuses on species delimitation of the western North American travunioid genus Sclerobunus. I utilized modern integrative taxonomic methods, using both discovery-based and validation-based approaches by combining morphometrics, mitochondrial genetic data, genitalic morphology, and nuclear genetic data derived from newly developed genes based on a comparative transcriptomics approach. This research resulted in a revision of the genus including synonymy of the genus Cyptobunus, elevation of four subspecies, and the description of five new species. The third chapter is a phylogeographic analysis of Sclerobunus robustus, a species distributed throughout the southwestern United States. A hypothesis-based framework was adopted, where stable habitats (i.e., potential refugia) were identified through ecological niche modeling, and hypotheses regarding genetic patterns associated with these refugia were developed. Hypotheses were tested by using genetic data in the form of loci and SNPs derived from double-digest RAD sequencing methods. Two large refugial regions were identified and population genomic analyses supported the presence of both.

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Systematic biology; integrative taxonomy; Opiliones; phylogenomics; population genomics; species delimitation

10 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Derkarabetian, S. (2017). Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2491j6ff

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Derkarabetian, Shahan. “Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores).” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2491j6ff.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Derkarabetian, Shahan. “Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores).” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Derkarabetian S. Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2491j6ff.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Derkarabetian S. Phylogenomics, Integrative Taxonomy, and Population Genomics in the Travunioidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Laniatores). [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/2491j6ff

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Riverside

7. Richart, Casey Hahn. Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi).

Degree: Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2018, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v056069

► This dissertation lays the foundation for a research program that highlights the important contribution that poorly-dispersing short-range endemic (SRE) organisms can have on advancing empirical… (more)

▼ This dissertation lays the foundation for a research program that highlights the important contribution that poorly-dispersing short-range endemic (SRE) organisms can have on advancing empirical and theoretical evolutionary biology. Here, SREs are represented by members of the harvestmen (Opiliones) superfamily Ischyropsalidoidea. In Chapter 1, phylogenetic analyses of an ancient rapid diversification at the base of Ischyropsalidoidea uncovers considerable incongruence across gene trees. Incongruent gene trees are not recovered in frequencies expected from a simple multispecies coalescent model, and incomplete lineage sorting is rejected as the sole contributor to gene tree conflict. In Chapter 2, an integrative taxonomy tests existing, and puts forward novel species-level taxonomic hypotheses within the Acuclavella species endemic to the inland temperate rainforest of the U.S. northern Rocky Mountains. Incongruence among taxonomic disciplines suggests rapid morphological evolution across multiple recent diversifications. Results suggest at least two undescribed species exist within inland populations of Acuclavella. Alternative combinations of incongruence across taxonomic disciplines possibly represent different stages of the speciation continuum, and suggest that different evolutionary mechanisms underlie speciation in thorn harvestmen, thus highlighting the importance of integrative species delimitation for evolutionary research. The disjunct inland temperate rainforest has become a model for recent biogeography, with a complex and recent evolutionary history suggesting that this inland forest was a refuge from Pleistocene glaciation that was compartmentalized into variously isolated pockets during the last glacial maximum (LGM). In Chapter 3, genomic-scale data are used to evaluate the evolutionary consequences of the LGM. This research finds that rivers were a major cause of refugia compartmentalization, with populations and species structured by rivers well before the LGM. Additionally, a negative correlation between elevation and heterozygosity suggests that populations were confined to lower valleys during the LGM with post-glacial colonization of higher elevations. The combined effects of rivers and glaciers paints a picture of a complex Pleistocene glacial refugia system during the LGM. This relatively high-resolution inference of past evolutionary events within an established biogeographic model system points towards the undervalued importance of using poorly-dispersing short-range endemic taxa for biogeography and phylogeography.

Subjects/Keywords: Evolution & development; Zoology; Biology; Biogeography; Evolution; Opiliones; Phylogenetics; Phylogeography; Species Delimitation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Richart, C. H. (2018). Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi). (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v056069

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Richart, Casey Hahn. “Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi).” 2018. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v056069.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Richart, Casey Hahn. “Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi).” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Richart CH. Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v056069.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Richart CH. Species Delimitation and Biogeography of the Thorn Harvestmen (Acuclavella) and Their Placement Within the Ischyropsalidoidea (Arachnida, Opiliones, Dyspnoi). [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5v056069

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

8. Welton, Luke J. Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux.

Degree: PhD, 2015, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7178&context=etd

► I highlight two squamate lineages endemic to Southeast Asia, the Asian water monitors (Varanus salvator Complex) and the Angle-headed lizards (Agamidae: Gonocephalus), and elucidate their… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: biogeography; Gonocephalus; Southeast Asia; species delimitation; Varanus salvator complex; Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Welton, L. J. (2015). Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7178&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Welton, Luke J. “Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7178&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Welton, Luke J. “Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux.” 2015. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Welton LJ. Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7178&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Welton LJ. Diversification and Speciation Across Sundaland and the Philippines: The Effects of 30 Million Years of Eustatic Flux. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2015. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=7178&context=etd

9. da Costa Arantes, Ísis. Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas.

Degree: PhD, Biology, 2019, University of Mississippi

URL: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1567

► Aim: Reveal the evolutionary processes that contributed to biotic diversification in the Cerrado savanna using amphibians as a model. Evolutionary patterns were investigated by comparing… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: anurans; biogeography; Cerrado; comparative phylogeography; open areas; species delimitation; Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

da Costa Arantes, �. (2019). Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Mississippi. Retrieved from https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1567

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

da Costa Arantes, Ísis. “Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mississippi. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1567.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

da Costa Arantes, Ísis. “Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas.” 2019. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

da Costa Arantes �. Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1567.

Council of Science Editors:

da Costa Arantes �. Looking into the Past: The Diversification of Amphibians in the Neotropical Savannas. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2019. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/1567

University of New Mexico

10. Jackson, Donavan J. The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus).

Degree: UNM Biology Department, 2016, University of New Mexico

URL: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/149

► The climatic and environmental fluctuations of the Quaternary played an integral role in geographic distribution and genetic structure within many organisms today. Understanding how… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: phylogeography; species delimitation; multilocus; Pleistocene; peripheral populations; refugia; Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jackson, D. J. (2016). The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus). (Masters Thesis). University of New Mexico. Retrieved from https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/149

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jackson, Donavan J. “The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus).” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of New Mexico. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/149.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jackson, Donavan J. “The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus).” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jackson DJ. The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of New Mexico; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/149.

Council of Science Editors:

Jackson DJ. The molecular systematics and phylogeography of the widespread North American meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus). [Masters Thesis]. University of New Mexico; 2016. Available from: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/biol_etds/149

University of Minnesota

11. Keogh, Sean. Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae).

Degree: MS, Conservation Biology, 2018, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201000

► The recognition of biodiversity in imperiled groups of organisms is fundamental to their conservation. In the Family Unionidae, the greatest radiation of freshwater mussels, species… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biodiversity; Freshwater Mussels; Morphometrics; Phylogenetics; Species Delimitation; Unionid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Keogh, S. (2018). Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae). (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201000

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Keogh, Sean. “Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae).” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201000.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Keogh, Sean. “Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae).” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Keogh S. Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201000.

Council of Science Editors:

Keogh S. Molecules & morphology reveal ‘new’ divergent, widespread Lampsiline species (Bivalvia: Unionidae). [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/201000

12. Laver, Rebecca Jan. Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards.

Degree: 2016, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/123383

► Tropical savannah biomes cover ~20% of the world’s landmass, however the biodiversity encompassed within these environments and the underlying processes that have shaped it remain… (more)

▼ Tropical savannah biomes cover ~20% of the world’s landmass, however the biodiversity encompassed within these environments and the underlying processes that have shaped it remain poorly understood. Recent increased research to address this knowledge gap have begun to reveal surprisingly high amounts of deep, geographically-structured diversity, much of which is cryptic or hidden within morphologically similar species complexes. These patterns are especially emphasized in vertebrate taxa which are intrinsically linked to rock escarpments and ranges that dissect the savannah woodlands and grasslands of many of these biomes, hinting at a role of heterogeneous topography in structuring diversity. The remote Australian Monsoonal Tropics (AMT) spanning the north of the Australian continent is a particularly vast, and relatively undisturbed, tropical savannah region. Recent increased surveys are revealing numerous new species and endemism hotspots, indicating we are only just beginning to uncover the true biodiversity levels within this biome. Not only is there a relative paucity of knowledge regarding the present diversity within this region, but there is also limited understanding of how this diversity came to be. Phylogeographic studies can assist us in establishing current patterns of diversity and their evolutionary significance within regions and biomes. Furthermore, by comparing and contrasting the patterns and timing of diversification within and between biomes for multiple ecologically diverse taxa, we can begin to elucidate the history of these biomes and the environmental processes that have shaped the diversity we observe today. In this dissertation I aimed to better assess and establish true patterns of biodiversity and endemism within the Kimberley region of the AMT (Western Australia), and to place these patterns within a broader continental context using intra- and inter-biome comparisons in related taxa. Using geckos as a model system I took a comparative phylogeographic approach, integrating advanced next-generation genetics and morphology to establish patterns and timing of diversification across ecologically variable taxa. Within all Kimberley taxa I studied, I uncovered high levels of cryptic diversity. Much of this diversity involves especially short-range endemic lineages concentrated in key regions typically with one or more of the following factors: highly mesic conditions, island or insular environments, and unique or complex geological formations. In recognising these areas I have provided evidence of novel biodiversity hotspots and emphasised the significance of others as representing important “refugia” within the Kimberley that allow persistence and facilitate divergence of lineages through harsh periods of environmental change. These findings indicate diversification patterns are shaped by complex interactions of climatic variation, topography, and species’ ecology, allowing inference of biogeographic history and a greater ability to predict impacts of future environmental…

Subjects/Keywords: Australian Monsoonal Tropics; biogeography; geckos; genomics; phylogeography; phylogenetics; species delimitation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Laver, R. J. (2016). Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/123383

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Laver, Rebecca Jan. “Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/123383.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Laver, Rebecca Jan. “Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Laver RJ. Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/123383.

Council of Science Editors:

Laver RJ. Comparative phylogeography and diversity of Australian Monsoonal Tropics lizards. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/123383

Louisiana State University

13. Reid, Noah M. Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera.

Degree: PhD, 2013, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-07072013-140202 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/18

► Most of the earth’s biodiversity is unknown to science. With global climate change set to drastically alter its distribution, it is imperative to catalogue it… (more)

▼ Most of the earth’s biodiversity is unknown to science. With global climate change set to drastically alter its distribution, it is imperative to catalogue it and understand its function in order to preserve it and better understand how this change will impact humanity. Recent technological and statistical advances have in theory made possible increasingly rapid discovery and description of diversity. The statistical properties and performance of these new approaches are still poorly known, however, their integration with complementary methods from disparate disciplines has not been achieved. In this dissertation we present three chapters of original research that advance these areas of biodiversity science. The first introduces a new implementation of the GMYC, a statistical model used for species delimitation. This implementation fully accounts for uncertainty in model parameters, and we test its performance under various historical scenarios. We find that the model generally performs well, but that failing to account for uncertainty in nuisance parameters inflates confidence in species limits. The second introduces a method to examine the fit of empirical data to a multispecies coalescent model commonly used in phylogenetic inference. Systematic and phylogeographic studies are generating ever-larger datasets which often range up to the genome scale and often wish to use coalescent models to infer parameters such as phylogenies, divergence times and effective population sizes. Though the multispecies coalescent can infer these parameters, it is unclear the extent to which it is a good fit for these new empirical datasets. We employ our new approach to 25 published datasets and find that a majority of them show poor fit to the data and that for some of them, that poor fit affects inference. In the last chapter we integrate statistical approaches from both ecology and systematics to infer species limits, phylogeny, population genetic structure and ecological community structure in a study of a poorly known tropical alpine fly fauna. We find that we can effectively describe patterns of diversity in the absence of a low-level taxonomic framework, but that inference of the processes structuring that diversity remains difficult. We also find that some of our inferences of community structure are sensitive to uncertainty in species limits and phylogeny.

Subjects/Keywords: Community Ecology; Bayesian Statistics; Ecology; Biogeography; Evolution; Biodiversity; Species Delimitation; Phylogenetics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reid, N. M. (2013). Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-07072013-140202 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/18

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reid, Noah M. “Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. etd-07072013-140202 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/18.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reid, Noah M. “Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reid NM. Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: etd-07072013-140202 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/18.

Council of Science Editors:

Reid NM. Model-based approaches to discovering diversity : new implementations, tests of adequacy and an empirical application to central American Diptera. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2013. Available from: etd-07072013-140202 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/18

Louisiana State University

14. DeBiasse, Melissa Barrett. Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-06292014-114911 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3540

► Coral reefs are the most productive and species rich ecosystems in the ocean yet we lack knowledge about the distribution of genetic variation the within… (more)

▼ Coral reefs are the most productive and species rich ecosystems in the ocean yet we lack knowledge about the distribution of genetic variation the within and among reef species, particularly for the sponges (Porifera). My dissertation describes how genetic variation at mitochondrial and nuclear genes is partitioned among and within species in the sponge genus Callyspongia. I compared patterns of genetic diversity and population subdivision in the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes of one species, C. vaginalis, in Florida (Chapter 2). Previous work revealed three divergent mitochondrial lineages, but nuclear alleles did not correspond to either mitochondrial clade or geography. Coalescent simulations showed mito-nuclear discordance was not the result of incomplete lineage sorting. Instead, patterns in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA were consistent with changes in population size and sperm-mediated gene flow. Across the Caribbean, I found subdivision in C. vaginalis for mitochondrial and nuclear DNA was concordant, suggesting geographic features and habitat discontinuity are important for structuring populations at large spatial scales (Chapter 3). Clustering analyses found C. vaginalis populations were divided west-east and model-based tests of species boundaries supported a cryptic lineage in Central America. Phylogeographic patterns for three invertebrate sponge commensals also showed a west-east split between Florida and the Bahamas. I tested for mismatches between morphological and molecular species boundaries for seven Caribbean Callyspongia species (Chapter 4). Genetic distances calculated within and among species support C. fallax, C. tenerrima, and C. plicifera as distinct species. However, C. armigera, C. longissima, C. ?eschrichtii and C. vaginalis shared alleles across loci and genetic distances among these taxa overlapped distances within them. Model-based species delimitation supported the hypothesis that these latter four taxa represent one evolutionarily significant unit. This dissertation demonstrates that in the common reef sponge Callyspongia vaginalis, demographic processes and geography influence population structure at small and large spatial scales, respectively, and genetic markers from different genomes can show contrasting patterns. My work also shows the relationship between morphology and evolutionary history is not straightforward in sponges and points to the importance of inter- and intraspecific genetic data for a thorough documentation of biodiversity in marine invertebrates.

Subjects/Keywords: DNA; Simulation; Coalescent; Species Delimitation; Phylogeography; Caribbean; Sponge; Porifera; Evolution; Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

DeBiasse, M. B. (2014). Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-06292014-114911 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3540

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

DeBiasse, Melissa Barrett. “Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. etd-06292014-114911 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3540.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

DeBiasse, Melissa Barrett. “Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia.” 2014. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

DeBiasse MB. Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: etd-06292014-114911 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3540.

Council of Science Editors:

DeBiasse MB. Model-based Tests of Historical Demography and Species Delimitation in the Caribbean Coral Reef Sponge Callyspongia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2014. Available from: etd-06292014-114911 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3540

University of Sydney

15. Ritchie, Andrew Miles. Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History .

Degree: 2017, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17816

► Understanding the processes that generate diversity is key to interpreting the patterns we see in the present. New developments in modelling these processes have promised… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Bayesian phylogenetics; molecular clock; tree prior; language evolution; diversification; species delimitation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ritchie, A. M. (2017). Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17816

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ritchie, Andrew Miles. “Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History .” 2017. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17816.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ritchie, Andrew Miles. “Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History .” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ritchie AM. Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17816.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ritchie AM. Evaluating the Performance of Diversification Models for Reconstructing Evolutionary History . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17816

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oklahoma

16. Freitas, Elyse S. Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Oklahoma

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/324306

► The lizard family Scincidae is the most species-rich family of squamate reptiles, comprising more than 1,600 species. Skinks are ecologically and morphologically diverse, occurring in… (more)

▼ The lizard family Scincidae is the most species-rich family of squamate reptiles, comprising more than 1,600 species. Skinks are ecologically and morphologically diverse, occurring in tropical and temperate zones on all continents excluding Antarctica, as well as on many oceanic islands. Although skinks are a ubiquitous part of most of the world’s herpetofauna, we still lack a basic understanding of the evolutionary history and biodiversity of many clades within the family. Using molecular data, concatenated- and coalescent-based phylogenetic analyses, morphological datasets, and multivariate statistics, I reconstruct the evolutionary history of a clade of skinks called the Lygosoma group skinks, a group of elongate-bodied semifossorial species distributed across the Old World tropics in Africa, South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Sundaland. My dissertation focuses on the phylogenetics, systematics, taxonomy, species-level diversity, and biogeography of this group, and I address questions including: How are species related? What macroevolutionary factors have influenced species diversification across evolutionary time? And, how have historical processes shaped the modern biodiversity of Lygosoma group skinks? Additionally, I use high speed videos of locomotion and multivariate statistics to investigate the locomotor kinematics and performance of three species of co-distributed skinks in Thailand to address the following question: Does diversity in morphology result in diversity in locomotor performance and kinematics? The results of my dissertation provide insight into the evolutionary history and biodiversity of skinks in the Old World tropics. In my first chapter, I delve into the taxonomic history of Lygosoma group skinks and propose a new classification based on phylogeny generated with the most robust genetic and taxonomic sampling of the group to date. The genera Lepidothyris, Lygosoma and Mochlus comprise the writhing or supple skinks (Lygosoma s.l.), a group of semi-fossorial, elongate-bodied skinks distributed across the Old World Tropics. Due to their generalized morphology and lack of diagnostic characters, species- and clade-level relationships have long been debated. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies of the group have provided some clarification of species-level relationships, but a number of issues regarding higher level relationships among genera still remain. In this study, I present a phylogenetic estimate of relationships among species in Lygosoma, Mochlus and Lepidothyris generated by concatenated and species tree analyses of multilocus data using the most extensive taxonomic sampling of the group to date. I also use multivariate statistics to examine species and clade distributions in morphospace. The results reject the monophyly of Lygosoma s.l., Lygosoma s.s., and Mochlus, which highlights the instability of the current taxonomic classification of the radiation. Based on these findings, I revise the taxonomy of the writhing skinks to better reflect the evolutionary history of Lygosoma s.l. by… Advisors/Committee Members: Siler, Cameron D. (advisor), Broughton, Richard E. (committee member), Masly, John P. (committee member), Patten, Michael A. (committee member), Koch, Jennifer (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Lizards; Scincidae; Evolution; Species delimitation; Old World tropics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Freitas, E. S. (2020). Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oklahoma. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/324306

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Freitas, Elyse S. “Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oklahoma. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/324306.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Freitas, Elyse S. “Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand.” 2020. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Freitas ES. Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/324306.

Council of Science Editors:

Freitas ES. Phylogenetics, systematics, and biogeography of Lygosoma group skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Lygosominae) and Locomotor capacities of three lygosomine skinks from Thailand. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oklahoma; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/324306

Université Montpellier II

17. Dumas, Pascaline. Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae).

Degree: Docteur es, Evolution, Ecologie, Ressources génétiques, Paléontologie, 2013, Université Montpellier II

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20148

►

Chez les insectes phytophages, l'adaptation à la plante hôte peut correspondre à l'une des premières étapes de la spéciation. Dans ce contexte, ce manuscrit s'intéresse… (more)

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Chez les insectes phytophages, l'adaptation à la plante hôte peut correspondre à l'une des premières étapes de la spéciation. Dans ce contexte, ce manuscrit s'intéresse à Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae), un ravageur responsable de dommages importants sur de nombreuses cultures en Amérique et dans les Caraïbes. Spodoptera frugiperda présente deux variants, l'un adapté au riz et l'autre au maïs, et constitue un modèle biologique pertinent pour étudier ce mécanisme. En effet, les deux variants sont morphologiquement identiques, mais ils sont génétiquement différenciés et présentent des différences écologiques et comportementales. L'ensemble de ces caractéristiques suggèrent la présence d'un isolement reproducteur entre les deux variants, qui pourraient alors correspondre à deux espèces différentes. Cependant la présence d'hybrides dans la nature ainsi que des résultats controversés sur le succès d'accouplement entre les deux variants, rendent ambiguë le statut d'espèce de S. frugiperda. L'objectif de ce travail est donc de mieux estimer, à travers une étude intégrative, le niveau de différenciation génétique présent entre les deux variants de S. frugiperda. Grâce à un premier niveau d'analyse, menées à partir de population naturelles, il a été possible de mettre en évidence un niveau de différenciation génétique élevé entre les deux variants, qui est compatible à celui attendu entre deux espèces. Le deuxième niveau d'étude réalisé à partir de population de laboratoire nous a permis de mettre en évidence la présence d'un isolement reproducteur entre les deux variants, se traduisant notamment par une distorsion de ségrégation méiotique des marqueurs moléculaires chez les hybrides. L'ensemble de ces résultats supportent l'hypothèse selon laquelle le variant riz et maïs de Spodoptera frugiperda seraient des entités situées à une étape avancée dans le continuum de la spéciation.

In phytophagous insects, adaptation to host plant could be the first step leading to speciation. In this context, this document focus on moth Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a pest responsible for serious damages in several crops in the Western hemisphere. Spodoptera frugiperda consists of two host-plant strains, one adapted to rice and the other adapted to maize, which made it a relevant model to study this mechanism. Though the two variants are morphologically identical, they are nonetheless genetically distinguishable and present some ecological and behavioral differences. The species status of S. frugiperda is also highly controversial because hybrids naturally occur in the wild, not to mention the fact of the discrepancies among published results concerning mating success between the two strains. The aim of this thesis is thus to better estimate, through an integrative approach, the level of genetic differentiation between the two variants of S. frugiperda. Starting with natural populations, various phylogenetic methods allowed us to highlight a high level of genetic differentiation between the two variants,…

Advisors/Committee Members: D'Alençon, Emmanuelle (thesis director), Kergoat, Gaël J. (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Bioagresseur; Isolement reproducteur; Lépidoptère; Délimitation d’espèce; Polymorphisme; Lépidoptera; Pest species; Polymorphism; Species delimitation; Reproductive isolation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dumas, P. (2013). Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Montpellier II. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20148

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dumas, Pascaline. “Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae).” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Montpellier II. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20148.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dumas, Pascaline. “Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae).” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Dumas P. Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Montpellier II; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20148.

Council of Science Editors:

Dumas P. Étude intégrative du statut des deux variants adaptatifs à la plante hôte de Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) : Integrative study of the status of the two host plant variants of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Montpellier II; 2013. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20148

Brigham Young University

18. Bateman, Joanna Rosa. Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex.

Degree: MS, 2018, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8457&context=etd

► Heteromys pictus-spectabilis is a species complex within the subfamily Heteromyinae (Family: Heteromyidae) that is distributed along the western and southern Mexican coast and surrounding environments.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Heteromys; phylogeny; Bayesian; maximum likelihood; Mexico; species delimitation; cryptic species; Life Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bateman, J. R. (2018). Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex. (Masters Thesis). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8457&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bateman, Joanna Rosa. “Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Brigham Young University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8457&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bateman, Joanna Rosa. “Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Bateman JR. Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Brigham Young University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8457&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Bateman JR. Species Delimitation Predictions Using Mitochondrial and Nuclear DNA Sequences from the Heteromys pictus-spectabilis Species Complex. [Masters Thesis]. Brigham Young University; 2018. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=8457&context=etd

University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

19. Martinsson, Svante. Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata).

Degree: 2016, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/46702

► The biological diversity in the soil is much higher than most people can imagine, and a very important group of animals living there are earthworms… (more)

▼ The biological diversity in the soil is much higher than most people can imagine, and a very important group of animals living there are earthworms and other clitellate worms. It has been found that several clitellate morphospecies are in fact complexes of so called cryptic species, and the number of species in this group may be much higher than previously believed. In this thesis, I explore the species boundaries of terrestrial clitellates by combining various data sources and methods as a basis for taxonomical decisions. A widely used approach for studying cryptic species is DNA-barcoding, where a single standardised marker is used for the identification of organisms and discovering new species. For animals, the marker generally used is the mitochondrial COI gene. In the thesis, I present four different cases, from three different clitellate families: 1) A variety of Rhyacodrilus falciformis was shown to be a distinct species, whereas other COI clusters were found to be part of the same species. 2) Extensive cryptic diversity was found in the genus previously known as Cognettia, a group that includes C. sphagnetorum, a well-studied model in soil biology. This taxon and C. glandulosus were both found to be complexes of cryptic species. The generic taxonomy of Cognettia was revised and the genus split into its two senior synonyms, Euenchytraeus and Chamaedrilus, and the species in the C. sphagnetorum complex were revised and described. 3) In the earthworm Aporrectodea longa, two well separated COI lineages were found to be part of the same species. 4) In the earthworm genus Lumbricus, the previously noted split between L. terrestris and L. herculeus was verified using nuclear data, and in the morphospecies L. rubellus seven cryptic species were found. The first evidence of limited hybridisation within the genus was also found, between L. terrestris and L. herculeus, as well as and between species within L. rubellus s.lat. To conclude, I have shown that the species diversity among terrestrial clitellates is larger than previously known based on morphology, and that species can be robustly delimited using a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear markers, supported with morphology. I have also found that using DNA-barcoding alone will often overestimate the number of clitellate species, and caution is required when using it.

Subjects/Keywords: Oligochaeta; species delimitation; Clitellata; Annelida; DNA-barcoding; cryptic species; Enchytraeidae; Lumbricidae; Naididae

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martinsson, S. (2016). Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata). (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/46702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martinsson, Svante. “Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata).” 2016. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/46702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martinsson, Svante. “Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata).” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Martinsson S. Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/46702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Martinsson S. Exploring the species boundaries in terrestrial clitellates (Annelida: Clitellata). [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/46702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Kentucky

20. Meierotto, Sarah. DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA.

Degree: 2018, University of Kentucky

URL: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/47

► Changes to traditional taxonomic methods to incorporate new technologies and methods have already improved the quality of species hypotheses, but more work can be done… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Braconidae; DNA barcode; species delimitation; taxonomy; revision; new species; Agriculture; Biodiversity; Entomology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Meierotto, S. (2018). DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA. (Masters Thesis). University of Kentucky. Retrieved from https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/47

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Meierotto, Sarah. “DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Kentucky. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/47.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Meierotto, Sarah. “DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Meierotto S. DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Kentucky; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/47.

Council of Science Editors:

Meierotto S. DNA BARCODING AS A TOOL FOR SPECIES DISCOVERY AND DOCUMENTATION IN THE SUPERFAMILY ICHNEUMONOIDEA. [Masters Thesis]. University of Kentucky; 2018. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/entomology_etds/47

Universidade Estadual de Campinas

21. Marín, Mario Alejandro, 1983-. Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos.

Degree: Instituto de Biologia; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, 2018, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

URL: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/335072

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Orientador: André Victor Lucci Freitas

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-24T19:22:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams:… (more)

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Orientador: André Victor Lucci Freitas

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-24T19:22:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Uribe_MarioAlejandroMarin_D.pdf: 31612735 bytes, checksum: ebf01290fdcc0a018e7a43083674e9fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018

Resumo: Euptychiina é um grupo de borboletas de distribuição principalmente Neotropical, ocorrendo desde o nível do mar até os 3500 metros de altitude. O grupo oferece uma valiosa oportunidade para o estudo da história biogeográfica dos neotrópicos, sendo um dos grupos mais diversos de Satyrinae, mas com muitas incertezas nos níveis filogenético e taxonômico. Adicionalmente, a enorme diversidade de Euptychiina, sua importância nas assembleias de borboletas neotropicais, bem como a homogeneidade morfológica das espécies e sua difícil diferenciação são pontos que justificam o estudo desta subtribo. No presente manuscrito a subtribo Euptychiina foi estudada sob três diferentes perspectivas: 1- Filogenética: com estudos filogenéticos (morfológicos e moleculares) testando o monofiletismo de Euptychiina e, em detalhes, do "clado Pareuptychia"; 2- Biogeográfica: com o estudo da distribuição geográfica e diversificação do "clado Pareuptychia"; e 3- Delimitação de espécies: com um estudo detalhado do gênero Pareuptychia

Euptychiina is a group of mainly Neotropical distribution butterflies, occurring from sea level up to 3500 meters altitude. The group offers a valuable opportunity to study the biogeographic history of the neotropics, being one of the most diverse groups of Satyrinae, but with many uncertainties in phylogenetic and taxonomic levels. Also the diversity of Euptychiina, its importance in the assemblages of neotropical butterflies, as well as the morphological homogeneity of the species and their difficult differentiation are points that justify the study of this subtribe. In the present manuscript the subtribe Euptychiina is studied under three different perspectives: 1- Phylogenetics: with phylogenetic studies (morphological and molecular) testing the monophyletic Euptychiina and, in detail, the "Pareuptychia clade"; 2- Biogeographic: with the study of the geographic distribution and diversification of the "Pareuptychia clade"; and 3- Species delimitation: with a detailed study of the genus Pareuptychia

Doutorado

Ecologia

Doutor em Ecologia

2014/16481-0

FAPESP

Advisors/Committee Members: UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS, Freitas, André Victor Lucci, 1971-, Simões, André Olmos, Thyssen, Patricia Jacqueline, Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Baz, Fernando Jesús Carbayo.

Subjects/Keywords: Lepidópteros; Filogenia; Biogeografia; Espécies crípticas; Delimitação de espécies; Lepidoptera; Phylogeny; Biogeography; Cryptic species; Species delimitation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Marín, Mario Alejandro, 1. (2018). Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Retrieved from http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/335072

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marín, Mario Alejandro, 1983-. “Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/335072.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marín, Mario Alejandro, 1983-. “Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Marín, Mario Alejandro 1. Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/335072.

Council of Science Editors:

Marín, Mario Alejandro 1. Morphology and molecular data to unravel the systematics and evolutionary history of Euptychiina butteflies : a study at different taxonomic levels = Dados morfológicos e moleculares para desvendar a sistemática e a história evolutiva das borboletas Euptychiina: um estudo em diferentes níveis taxonômicos. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universidade Estadual de Campinas; 2018. Available from: http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/335072

University of Alberta

22. Schwarzfeld, Marla Dahlie. Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, 2013, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9c67wp229

► Ichneumonidae are the most species-rich family of parasitic Hymenoptera and are important for regulating populations of other arthropods. However, with an estimated 75% of species… (more)

▼ Ichneumonidae are the most species-rich family of parasitic Hymenoptera and are important for regulating populations of other arthropods. However, with an estimated 75% of species undescribed, we lack fundamental information about their taxonomy, ecology, and distributions. Using two different groups of Ichneumonidae, I address each of these issues in this thesis. In Chapters 2 – 4, I focus on the taxonomically-neglected genus Ophion. I provide the first phylogenetic hypothesis of Ophion based on molecular data (COI, ITS2 and 28S) and divide the genus into ten provisional species-groups (Chapter 2). I also describe the secondary structure of ITS2 for the first time in Ichneumonidae, and discuss its potential to inform phylogenetic inference in Ophion (Chapters 2, 3). I investigate the diversity of Ophion at the species level by comparing quantitative species delimitation methods with each other and with morphologically-defined species (Chapter 3). The total number of delimited species is dependent on the method and parameters used; however all methods agree that there is a wealth of undescribed diversity in Nearctic Ophion. Finally, I revise the Nearctic species within the newly defined Ophion scutellaris species-group (Chapter 4). An integrative analysis of DNA, geometric wing morphometrics, classical morphometrics and morphology indicates that this species-group contains a minimum of seven species in Canada, although the full diversity of the group has likely not been sampled. Ophion clave sp. n., O. aureus sp. n., O. brevipunctatus sp. n., O. dombroskii sp. n., O. keala sp. n., and O. importunus sp. n. are described. Once species have names, it is possible to address other fundamental questions about their distribution and ecology. I conducted a survey of Ichneumonidae in a boreal deciduous forest, with an emphasis on Pimplinae, Poemeniinae, and Rhyssinae. Responses to forest harvesting were weak, but there is evidence that the community composition at the species level is correlated with shrub composition. Even within this relatively well-known group, there is much unexplored diversity. Any nomenclatural changes or new taxa proposed in this thesis should not be considered valid until published in primary journals as defined by the ICZN (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999).

Subjects/Keywords: Ophion; Molecular taxonomy; Pimplinae; Species delimitation; Ichneumonidae; COI; Integrative taxonomy; Biodiversity; Morphometrics; ITS2

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schwarzfeld, M. D. (2013). Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9c67wp229

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schwarzfeld, Marla Dahlie. “Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9c67wp229.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schwarzfeld, Marla Dahlie. “Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Schwarzfeld MD. Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9c67wp229.

Council of Science Editors:

Schwarzfeld MD. Systematics and diversity of Ichneumonidae, with an emphasis on the taxonomically neglected genus Ophion Fabricius. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/9c67wp229

University of Oulu

23. Pentinsaari, M. (Mikko). Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom.

Degree: 2016, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526212104

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Abstract Species are the fundamental units of biological diversity, but their identification and delimitation is often difficult. The difficulties are pronounced in diverse taxa such… (more)

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Abstract Species are the fundamental units of biological diversity, but their identification and delimitation is often difficult. The difficulties are pronounced in diverse taxa such as insects. DNA barcodes, short standardized segments of the genome, have recently become a popular tool for identifying specimens to species, and are increasingly used as one of the sources of information for species delimitation. In this thesis, I studied the utility of DNA barcodes in species identification and delimitation in beetles (Coleoptera). Beetles are one of the most diverse animal groups, with nearly 400 000 known species. The Nordic beetle fauna is among the most thoroughly studied on the planet, providing excellent conditions for these studies. I also approached barcode sequences from a new angle, exploring amino acid variation and its connections to life history in a sample of the entire animal kingdom. I also studied variation and evolution at the amino acid level in large-scale samples of beetles and moths & butterflies (Lepidoptera). DNA barcodes proved to be a feasible tool for identifying species of Nordic beetles: depending on the criteria for successful identification, 95-98% of specimens could be identified to the species level based on DNA barcodes. Regardless of the delimitation method used, approximately 90% of the currently accepted species were perfectly recovered based on barcode data, and simple rules for forming consensus between delimitations improved the fit between species and barcode clusters even further. Several species that were split into two or more sequence clusters apparently include species new to science that have been previously overlooked. This conclusion is supported by preliminary morphological analysis. The study on amino acid variation revealed both a general pattern of structural conservation throughout the animal kingdom, and some interesting amino acid substitutions with potential to affect enzymatic function. Amino acid variation was more extensive in Coleoptera than in Lepidoptera, potentially due to differences in selection pressure and patterns of molecular evolution in the barcode region between the two orders.

Tiivistelmä Laji on luonnon monimuotoisuuden perusyksikkö, mutta lajien tunnistaminen ja rajaaminen on usein vaikeaa. Vaikeudet korostuvat erityisesti hyvin monimuotoisissa eliöryhmissä kuten hyönteisissä. DNA-viivakoodit ovat lyhyitä standardoituja DNA-sekvenssejä, joiden käyttö lajien tunnistamisessa sekä yhtenä tiedon lähteenä lajien rajaamisessa on viime aikoina yleistynyt nopeasti. Tutkin väitöskirjatyössäni DNA-viivakoodien soveltuvuutta lajinmääritykseen ja lajien rajaamiseen kovakuoriaisilla. Kovakuoriaiset ovat yksi maailman lajirikkaimmista eliöryhmistä: lajeja on kuvattu lähes 400000. Pohjois-Euroopan lajisto tunnetaan koko maailman mittakaavassa poikkeuksellisen hyvin, mikä tarjoaa erinomaiset edellytykset tutkia DNA-viivakoodeihin liittyviä kysymyksiä kuoriaisilla. Tutkin DNA-viivakoodeja myös kokonaan uudesta näkökulmasta, selvittäen aminohappotason…

Advisors/Committee Members: Mutanen, M. (Marko), Kaila, L. (Lauri).

Subjects/Keywords: Coleoptera; DNA barcoding; protein structure; species delimitation; taxonomy; DNA-viivakoodit; kovakuoriaiset; lajinrajaus; proteiinirakenne; taksonomia

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pentinsaari, M. (. (2016). Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526212104

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pentinsaari, M (Mikko). “Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526212104.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pentinsaari, M (Mikko). “Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pentinsaari M(. Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526212104.

Council of Science Editors:

Pentinsaari M(. Utility of DNA barcodes in identification and delimitation of beetle species, with insights into COI protein structure across the animal kingdom. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2016. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526212104

Utah State University

24. Koontz, Austin C. Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2020, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7960

► Species are a fundamental concept in biology, and many subdisciplines in biology utilize species in aspects of theory and in the communication of results.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: species delimitation; microbes; microbial ecology; plants; population genetics; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Koontz, A. C. (2020). Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants. (Masters Thesis). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7960

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Koontz, Austin C. “Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Utah State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7960.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Koontz, Austin C. “Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants.” 2020. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Koontz AC. Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7960.

Council of Science Editors:

Koontz AC. Applied Species Delimitation in Microbial Taxa and Plants. [Masters Thesis]. Utah State University; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7960

University of Melbourne

25. Bribiesca Contreras, Guadalupe. Macro-evolution in brittle stars.

Degree: 2018, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/220344

► Conspicuous large-scale diversity patterns and the disparity of species-richness across different taxonomic groups have fascinated naturalists for centuries. In recent years, advances in molecular techniques… (more)

▼ Conspicuous large-scale diversity patterns and the disparity of species-richness across different taxonomic groups have fascinated naturalists for centuries. In recent years, advances in molecular techniques have facilitated the generation of large amounts of genetic data and have permitted the investigation of long-standing macro-evolutionary questions in a phylogenetic framework, even when the fossil record is scant. With the deep-sea being largely unexplored, many questions remain unanswered and processes affecting diversity in the oceans are far less understood than in terrestrial or aquatic ecosystems. Brittle stars have become a great model to study evolutionary processes, as an extensive genomic dataset has been generated. In this thesis, I aimed to identify large-scale diversity patterns in the oceans and to investigate their underlying processes in a phylogenetic framework. I used this extensive dataset, global distributional records, and novel phylogenetic approaches to investigate major processes at global scales. I investigated the dynamics of bathome shifts and the role of the deep-sea in generating diversity. The findings of bathymetric ranges being highly conserved, and shifts being infrequent, served as a baseline for the other chapters where evolutionary processes were investigated within bathomes. I also investigated the effect of the emergence of biogeographic barriers in shaping diversity patterns of tropical, shallow-water brittle stars. The temporally and spatially concordant divergences of clades, concordant across families, evidenced the role of plate tectonics in shaping spatio temporal patterns of diversity. Similarly, the role of geological processes in the evolution of the fauna of southern Australia was investigated. Three major components have been identified for this fauna, which are the result of geological and historical processes. Recent colonisations, either from tropical species colonising higher latitudes or temperate taxa dispersed from other regions in the Southern Ocean, have been identified based on fossil evidence. However, although a Gondwanan component has been suggested, fossils from the late Cretaceous are scarce, limiting our knowledge about the effect of the break-up of Gondwana. Revisiting this question using one of the most complete metazoan phylogenies to date reaffirm the important role of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) in shaping diversity patterns in the Southern Hemisphere, but also of the break-up of Gondwana. Lastly, I investigated colonisations of anchihaline environments. Although several marine taxa have cave-adapted lineages, only three brittle stars have been reported to occur in these environments. As, these species belong to different families, they must represent independent colonisation events. I used evidence from multiple loci to perform species delimitation using robust methods, and assessed models of origin of cave fauna in a phylogenetic framework, considering life-history traits, and demographic history for the cave population. …

Subjects/Keywords: biogeography; brittle stars; shallow-waters; macro-evolution; origin; southern Australia; anchihaline; species delimitation; deep-sea

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bribiesca Contreras, G. (2018). Macro-evolution in brittle stars. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/220344

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bribiesca Contreras, Guadalupe. “Macro-evolution in brittle stars.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/220344.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bribiesca Contreras, Guadalupe. “Macro-evolution in brittle stars.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Bribiesca Contreras G. Macro-evolution in brittle stars. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/220344.

Council of Science Editors:

Bribiesca Contreras G. Macro-evolution in brittle stars. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/220344

Universitat Pompeu Fabra

26. Simó Riudalbas , Marc, 1988-. An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia.

Degree: Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, 2018, Universitat Pompeu Fabra

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664731

► Fins fa relativament poc, es considerava que la majoria de grups de rèptils terrestres comprenien només unes poques espècies àmpliament distribuïdes per tota la Península… (more)

▼ Fins fa relativament poc, es considerava que la majoria de grups de rèptils terrestres comprenien només unes poques espècies àmpliament distribuïdes per tota la Península Aràbiga. Aquesta percepció es devia, en gran part, a l’aparent uniformitat morfològica d’aquests grups i les seves àrees de distribució geogràfica, sovint coincidents amb regions políticament inestables on la investigació científica s’ha vist limitada durant segles. No obstant, el coneixement que teníem sobre aquestes àrees poc explorades va canviar amb l’aparició de les filogènies moleculars, aviat àmpliament disponibles i aplicades de manera rutinària per abordar un nou ventall de qüestions evolutives. Aquesta tesi doctoral es centra en resoldre la sistemàtica, la biogeografia i l’evolució de quatre grups concrets de rèptils, utilitzant un mostreig sense precedents que inclou més de 1.000 teixits analitzats genèticament i més de 900 espècimens. Per alguns tàxons, hem inferit filogènies calibrades tot reconstruint la seva història biogeogràfica i la seva evolució morfològica. Per a d’altres, hem descobert inesperadament alts nivells de diversitat genètica i diversos llinatges que podrien representar espècies desconegudes. En el darrer cas, l’ús de diferents mètodes de delimitació d’espècies va conduir a examinar més detalladament les dades genètiques, morfològiques i ecològiques per tal de resoldre la taxonomia d’aquestes espècies candidates. Com a resultat, quatre espècies de dragons i dues sargantanes de la família dels lacèrtids han estat formalment descrites en el decurs d’aquesta tesi. Donat que la majoria d’aquestes espècies habiten a diferents zones muntanyoses d’Aràbia, aquesta tesi destaca la importància d’aquestes regions com a punts calents de diversitat biològica i endemicitat pel que fa a la seva fauna reptiliana. Advisors/Committee Members: [email protected] (authoremail), true (authoremailshow), Carranza Gil-Dolz del Castellar, Salvador (director).

Subjects/Keywords: Giogeography; Diversification; Ecological especialitzation; Endemicity; Species delimitation; Taxonomy; Aràbia; Evolució; Filogènia; Rèptils; 575

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APA (6^th Edition):

Simó Riudalbas , Marc, 1. (2018). An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia. (Thesis). Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664731

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Simó Riudalbas , Marc, 1988-. “An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia.” 2018. Thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664731.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Simó Riudalbas , Marc, 1988-. “An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Simó Riudalbas , Marc 1. An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664731.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Simó Riudalbas , Marc 1. An Integrative approach to the systematics and evolution of some selected reptile groups from Arabia. [Thesis]. Universitat Pompeu Fabra; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664731

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The Ohio State University

27. Smith, Megan L. Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest.

Degree: PhD, Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2020, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586171520981707

► My dissertation aims to understand the history of divergence and speciation in terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest of North America (PNW). Speciation is the… (more)

▼ My dissertation aims to understand the history of divergence and speciation in terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest of North America (PNW). Speciation is the driving force behind the diversity on earth, but most of what we know about speciation has been learned from a small number of model systems. In my dissertation, I extend knowledge about how species form in an understudied system, pulmonate gastropods, using genomic and ecological data. Temperate rainforests in the PNW are disjunct and are separated by the arid Columbia Basin (CB). In many rainforest endemics, genetic data suggest that the formation of the CB led to speciation. I set out to test whether this barrier drove speciation in terrestrial gastropods. In Chapter 2, I collected subgenomic data from the robust lancetooth snail (Haplotrema vancouverense) using a restriction-associated-digest (RADseq) technique. While phylogeography has moved away from descriptive work towards model-based approaches in recent years, many approaches perform poorly on large datasets with thousands of loci, or, at least, require that much of the information content of the data is sacrificed. I developed a novel approach that uses Machine Learning to compare hypothesis-driven models using genome-scale data. I applied this framework to H. vancouverense and found evidence of recent dispersal between coastal and inland populations; speciation across the CB was not supported (Smith et al., 2017). In Chapter 3, I expanded this work to several species of taildropper slugs (Genus Prophysaon) with this disjunct distribution. I leveraged an approach described by Espindola et al. (2016) to predict phylogeographic patterns based on taxonomy and environmental data, and predicted that these species would lack deep divergence across the CB. Molecular data and model-based approaches did not support speciation across the CB, and suggested a different distribution of cryptic diversity (Smith et al., 2018). In Chapter 4, I expanded taxonomic sampling by using leaf-litter sampling to collect micro-invertebrates, which were identified via DNA barcoding. This work expanded our knowledge of the region to these small invertebrates, and suggested environmental DNA as a promising step forward to understanding speciation in more taxonomic groups (Smith et al., In Review). Based on the results of Chapter 3, I hypothesized that speciation within taildropper slugs was driven by a complex interplay of neutral and selective forces. To test this idea, in Chapter 5, I collected subgenomic data from Prophysaon andersoni, and found evidence of multiple, undescribed species. However, integrative approaches to taxonomy largely failed, due to disagreements between phenotypic, ecological, and genomic data. This discordance could be attributed, in part, to a lack of fit between the methods used for species delimitation and the processes that led to speciation in our focal taxa. Existing methods for species delimitation were not able to incorporate these population-level… Advisors/Committee Members: Carstens, Bryan (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Zoology; Biology; Genetics; Phylogeography; Species Delimitation; Invertebrates; Gastropods; Machine Learning; Pacific Northwest; delimitR; Prophysaon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, M. L. (2020). Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586171520981707

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Megan L. “Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586171520981707.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Megan L. “Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest.” 2020. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Smith ML. Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586171520981707.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith ML. Investigating drivers of diversification in a co-distributed community of terrestrial gastropods from the Pacific Northwest. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2020. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1586171520981707

28. Titus, Benjamin M. Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity.

Degree: PhD, Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2017, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511308921778638

► Understanding the patterns and processes that generate and maintain biodiversity is the key pursuit of evolutionary biology. The field of phylogeography attempts to bridge the… (more)

▼ Understanding the patterns and processes that generate and maintain biodiversity is the key pursuit of evolutionary biology. The field of phylogeography attempts to bridge the gap between phylogenetics and populations genetics, and reveal the underlying historical and biogeographic mechanisms of the divergence process itself. In a comparative framework, phylogeography seeks to identify the shared historical processes that promote population and species level diversification. Largely missing from the comparative phylogeographic literature are experimental frameworks that account for abiotic and biotic factors, as many taxa engage in highly specialized interactions that can have profound impacts on evolutionary history. Accounting for biological traits can thus identify the relative contributions of abiotic versus biotic process across ecosystems, the origin and maintenance of ecological communities, and increased power to evaluate top-down hypotheses about the generation of biodiversity. Tropical coral reefs are among the most biodiverse ecosystems on the planet, and inherently reliant on highly specialized symbioses that represent millions of years of evolutionary interactions. Long-term, stable, ecological associations generate an a priori hypothesis of concordant phylogeographic history among interacting species, yet the degree of specificity and fidelity within these associations should lead to varying degrees of shared biogeographical histories. Using a common sea anemone symbiosis on coral reefs from the Tropical Western Atlantic, I test the hypothesis that variation in host specificity, across five co-occurring crustacean species symbiotic with sea anemones, predicts levels of phylogeographic concordance with their shared host, the corkscrew anemone Bartholomea annulata. First, in Chapters 2-6, using DNA barcodes and high-throughput DNA sequencing, I demonstrate that three of the five nominally described, focal crustacean species, are actually cryptic species complexes with complex evolutionary histories diverging across allopatric boundaries, and resulting in patterns of isolation, introgression, long-distance colonization, and hybrid speciation. In Chapters 7 & 8, I focus on the evolutionary history of the sea anemone host B. annulata. I demonstrate that in addition to my focal crustacean species, the anemone host is a cryptic species complex as well and has diverged sympatrically throughout the Tropical Western Atlantic. Coalescent modeling suggests that this diversification occurred with continuous gene flow between putative species. In Chapter 8 I conduct the first range-wide phylogeographic study of any tropical sea anemone species worldwide. Bartholomea annulata exhibits subtle, but significant, population differentiation across the region. The most highly differentiated populations reside on the eastern and western side of the Florida Straits. Finally, in Chapter 9 I reconstruct the phylogeographic history for all co-occurring species throughout the Tropical Western Atlantic using mtDNA and single… Advisors/Committee Members: Daly, Marymegan (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Symbiosis; phylogeography, species delimitation; co-evolution; coral reefs; Caribbean; sea anemone; crustacean

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APA (6^th Edition):

Titus, B. M. (2017). Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511308921778638

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Titus, Benjamin M. “Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511308921778638.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Titus, Benjamin M. “Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity.” 2017. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Titus BM. Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511308921778638.

Council of Science Editors:

Titus BM. Comparative phylogeography of a multi-level sea anemone symbiosis: effects of host specificity on patterns of co-diversification and genetic biodiversity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2017. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1511308921778638

The Ohio State University

29. Keesling, Ashley Rose. Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii.

Degree: MS, Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2020, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587574637151549

► Relationships between members of Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae have been notoriously difficult to resolve due to convergent evolution in parasitic plants. Ghost pipes (Monotropa uniflora, L.)… (more)

▼ Relationships between members of Ericaceae subfamily Monotropoideae have been notoriously difficult to resolve due to convergent evolution in parasitic plants. Ghost pipes (Monotropa uniflora, L.) are fully mycoheterotrophic, meaning they obtain nutrients by parasitizing ectomycorrhizal fungi rather than through photosynthesis. The southern Ghost pipe (Monotropa brittonii, Small) was a species proposed to be distinct from the closely related and more widespread M. uniflora by John K. Small from his study of Florida flora. It has since largely been treated as a synonym of M. uniflora. Here we use several lines of evidence including genetics, morphology, host specificity, and habitat to investigate whether there is evidence to treat M. brittonii as its own species or if synonymization with M. uniflora is supported.Through morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of Monotropa collected throughout their range in the US, we determine there is evidence for two separate lineages in Florida, one of which corresponds morphologically to the description of M. brittonii put forth by Small. We also discovered a high degree of host specificity in M. brittonii, which almost exclusively parasitize fungi in Lactifluus subgenus Lactariopsis section Albati. While M. uniflora have been shown to parasitize many species of Russulaceae, most M. brittonii were found to parasitize a single species; Lactifluus deceptivus. Through principal component analysis we found support for several morphological characters that differ significantly between the two species. Additionally, M. brittonii were almost exclusively collected from Florida scrub habitats, which are dry, shrub-dominated environments that differ greatly from the typical moist woodland habitat where M. uniflora is primarily found. Our results suggest there is genetic, morphological, and ecological support to recognize M. brittonii as a separate species from M. uniflora. Advisors/Committee Members: Freudenstein, John (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Botany; Ecology; Evolution and Development; Morphology; Plant Biology; Monotropa, species delimitation, mycoheterotrophy, host specificity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Keesling, A. R. (2020). Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587574637151549

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Keesling, Ashley Rose. “Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii.” 2020. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587574637151549.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Keesling, Ashley Rose. “Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii.” 2020. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Keesling AR. Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587574637151549.

Council of Science Editors:

Keesling AR. Reevaluating the species status of the Southern Ghost Pipe, Monotropa brittonii. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2020. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1587574637151549

30. Morales Garcia, Ariadna Esthela. The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species.

Degree: PhD, Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2018, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531877186306399

► Speciation is one of the central topics in evolutionary biology. To understand speciation processes and diversification patterns it is necessary to study the interaction between… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Genetics; Speciation; phylogeography; bats; Myotis; species delimitation; PHRAPL; western long eared bats; North America

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morales Garcia, A. E. (2018). The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531877186306399

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morales Garcia, Ariadna Esthela. “The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531877186306399.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morales Garcia, Ariadna Esthela. “The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species.” 2018. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Morales Garcia AE. The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531877186306399.

Council of Science Editors:

Morales Garcia AE. The evolutionary history of the bat genus Myotis with emphasis on North American species. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531877186306399

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations