You searched for subject:(spatial attention).
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152 total matches.
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1.
Monosov, Ilya E.
Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search.
Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2009, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:180/ 
► Visual spatial attention serves to select locations of interest in the visual field and enhances the cortical representation of objects at those locations. Previous studies…
(more)
▼ Visual
spatial attention serves to select locations of
interest in the visual field and enhances the cortical
representation of objects at those locations. Previous studies
suggest that neural activity in primate frontal eye fields (FEF) is
involved in the
spatial selection of salient stimuli in complex
visual environments for eye movements and
spatial attention. Here,
we explore the origin of the
spatial selection signal in FEF and
its relationship to measures of covert
spatial attention. We
compare the timing of
spatial selection for the location of the
target in two simultaneously recorded cortical signals: local field
potentials (LFPs) and spikes. LFPs are thought to represent
synaptic input, while spiking activity is the output, of the area
around the electrode tip. We found that
spatial selectivity
identifying the location of the target in the visual search
appeared in the spikes about 30 ms before it appeared in the LFPs.
This suggests that the
spatial selection signal is computed locally
in FEF from spatially non selective inputs. Additionally, we show
that the magnitude of
spatial selection in FEF is related to
behavioral measures of
attention during the time period in which
the stimulus is being processed by the visual system. This
relationship shows that FEF is directly involved in
spatial
attention.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thompson, Kirkg (director), Sheinberg, David (director), Wurtz, Robert (reader), Schall, Jeffrey (reader).
Subjects/Keywords: spatial attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Monosov, I. E. (2009). Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:180/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Monosov, Ilya E. “Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Brown University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:180/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Monosov, Ilya E. “Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search.” 2009. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Monosov IE. Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brown University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:180/.
Council of Science Editors:
Monosov IE. Primate frontal eye fields mediate spatial attention in
covert visual search. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brown University; 2009. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:180/
University of Edinburgh
2.
Johnstone, Nicola.
Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention.
Degree: 2012, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8482
► Prior research has uncovered a close coupling of spatial attention to sensori-motor processes both anatomically and in function. The outstanding question investigated in this research…
(more)
▼ Prior research has uncovered a close coupling of
spatial attention to sensori-motor processes both anatomically and in function. The outstanding question investigated in this research was whether the evident coupling between
spatial attention and sensori-motor processes was dissociable. Neural correlates of
spatial attention and oculomotor preparation were investigated using event-related potentials (ERP) elicited by a symbolic cue in four different experimental conditions: same side, opposite side,
attention, and oculomotor. The crucial test to dissociate the links between
spatial attention and oculomotor preparation processes was the simultaneous cuing of each process to opposite sides of space. As expected, ERP components found in the same side,
attention, and oculomotor conditions were entirely absent in the opposite side condition. Interpreted in the framework of the premotor theory of
attention (Rizzolatti et al., 1994), this investigation supports an argument for mandatory links between
spatial attention and oculomotor preparation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gherri, Elena.
Subjects/Keywords: ERPs; Spatial attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Johnstone, N. (2012). Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8482
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Johnstone, Nicola. “Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention.” 2012. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8482.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Johnstone, Nicola. “Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Johnstone N. Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8482.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Johnstone N. Investigating the control mechanisms of spatial attention. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8482
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Waterloo
3.
Jarick, Michelle Ann.
June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia.
Degree: 2011, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5695
► Synaesthesia is a fascinating condition whereby individuals report extraordinary experiences when presented with ordinary stimuli. In this thesis, we examine an individual (L) who experiences…
(more)
▼ Synaesthesia is a fascinating condition whereby individuals report extraordinary experiences when presented with ordinary stimuli. In this thesis, we examine an individual (L) who experiences time units (i.e., months and hours) and numbers as occupying specific spatial locations (e.g., January is 30º to the left). This type of spatial-form synaesthesia has been recently investigated by Smilek et al. (2007), demonstrating that synaesthetic time-space associations are highly consistent, occur regardless of intention, and can direct spatial attention. We extended this work in Chapter 2 by showing that for L, her time-space vantage point changed depending on whether the time units were seen or heard. For example, when L saw the word JANUARY, she reported experiencing January on her left side, however when she heard the word "January" she experienced the month on her right side. In this thesis, we validated L’s subjective reports using a spatial cueing task. The names of months were centrally presented followed by targets on the left or right. L was faster at detecting targets in validly cued locations relative to invalidly cued locations both for visually presented cues (January orients attention to the left) and for aurally presented cues (January orients attention to the right). We replicated these vantage-point dependent cueing effects also using hours of day. In Chapter 3, we further explored whether synaesthetic number forms could bias spatial attention using a spatial cueing and SNARC-type task. Two synaesthetes (L and B) both described experiencing the numbers 1 through 10 running vertically from bottom to top. Both experiments confirmed their synaesthetic number forms, such that when making odd-even judgments for the numbers 1, 2, 8, and 9, they showed SNARC-compatibility effects for up-down movements (aligned with their number form), but not left-right (misaligned) movements. Likewise in the spatial cueing task, both synaesthetes showed significantly faster response times to detect targets on the bottom of the display if preceded by a low number (1,2) and the top of the display if preceded by a high number (8,9), whereas they showed no cueing effects when targets appeared on the left or right (misaligned with their number forms). Both synaesthetes were, however, reliably faster to detect left targets following the presentation of numbers 10, and 11, and right targets following numbers 19 and 20 (running from left to right). Hence, we demonstrated that cueing and SNARC tasks could be used to empirically verify synaesthetic number forms. Moreover, we showed that numbers could direct spatial attention to idiosyncratic locations similar to time-units, replicating and extending our findings from Chapter 2. Lastly, Chapter 4 was aimed to explore the automaticity and involuntary nature of L’s number-forms. We continued to use the spatial cueing task and sought to eliminate any influence of strategy on L’s performance by: (1) shortening the interval between the cue and target onset to only 150 ms and (2)…
Subjects/Keywords: Synaesthesia; Spatial Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Jarick, M. A. (2011). June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5695
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jarick, Michelle Ann. “June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia.” 2011. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5695.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jarick, Michelle Ann. “June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia.” 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Jarick MA. June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5695.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jarick MA. June Must be Right and 9 is on Top: An Investigation of Time-space and Number-form Synaesthesia. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5695
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Arizona
4.
Flowers, Colin S.
Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
.
Degree: 2020, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/648648
► Visual attention can be allocated to different locations of the visual field at different times resulting in improved processing of stimuli presented then and there.…
(more)
▼ Visual
attention can be allocated to different locations of the visual field at different times resulting in improved processing of stimuli presented then and there. Understanding how
attention is deployed is important due to its involvement in how we perceive and interpret the external world. The orienting of
attention, both voluntarily and involuntarily, in response to presentations of different stimuli is investigated in the current dissertation. Chapter 1 investigated how
attention is oriented in response to feature cues predicting the timing and location of a subsequent target when observers have prior knowledge of where targets are likely to appear at different times. Results show that observers can flexibly incorporate the different types of predictors in service of their task. Chapters 2 and 3 investigated whether unconsciously processed objects can attract
attention involuntarily when object categories are relevant to task goals. Chapter 2 uncovered an attentional cost when stimuli with unconsciously processed category membership information were presented than when control stimuli were presented. This behavioral cost was dependent upon the category information being related to the task performed. Chapter 3 further investigated the attentional cost and demonstrated attentional capture in a temporal paradigm – showing that
attention was not reallocated following unconsciously processed category information. Together, the three studies expand our understanding of how
attention is oriented, both voluntarily and involuntarily, based upon task set and different types of predictors. The dissertation stresses the importance of considering the context of the experimental task when interpreting results.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peterson, Mary A (advisor), Allen, John JB (committeemember), Wilson, Robert C. (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: Attention;
Attentional Capture;
Orienting;
Spatial Attention;
Temporal Attention;
Voluntary Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Flowers, C. S. (2020). Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/648648
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Flowers, Colin S. “Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/648648.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Flowers, Colin S. “Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
.” 2020. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Flowers CS. Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/648648.
Council of Science Editors:
Flowers CS. Importance of Task Set in the Orienting of Visual Attention
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/648648
University of Saskatchewan
5.
Szelest, Izabela.
Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems.
Degree: 2014, University of Saskatchewan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1594
► Neurologically healthy individuals misbisect their visual space by erring towards the left. This misreprentation has been attributed to the right hemisphere dominance in processing of…
(more)
▼ Neurologically healthy individuals misbisect their visual space by erring towards the left. This misreprentation has been attributed to the right hemisphere dominance in processing of
spatial information. Lateral biases are thought to emerge as behavioural outcomes of cognitive processing, mainly
attention. Recently,
attention mechanisms have been reported to be closely inter-related to memory systems, where
attention directs what will be remembered and memory impacts where
attention is directed. Although
spatial biases attributed to
attention have been widely accepted, the claim that memory exhibits similar biases has been more controversial. Recent research shows that recall of representations is biased towards the left side of space, indicating that lateral asymmetries may not necessarily be limited to perceptual and attentional mechanisms, but may extend to memory mechanisms as well.
The purpose of this work is to understand better the relationship between lateral biases within working memory and
attention interactions. Two approaches were considered. First, working memory, as defined by the representations and operations related to manipulate the representations, used time delay and visual load. Second, backward masking was used to control the relative formation of the working memory trace, which strengthens with recurrence of the visual stimuli and is through to progress from
attention to working memory. To explore these two theoretical avenues, a novel task was constructed. Two circular arrays were presented at the top and bottom of the computer screen. These arrays were composed of six individual discs of varying shade. Hence, the overall array represented a greyscale gradient, where discs on one lateral side were darker compared to the middle discs and the other lateral side. For example, if two darkest discs were presented on the left side, the lightest discs were presented on the right side. Such array was presented with its left/right mirror reversed image. In this example, the second array was with the lightest discs on the left side and growing progressively darker, with darkest discs on the right side. Such presentation requires the participants to integrate the array of individual discs into an overall representation to perform a brightness judgement and select the array seemingly darker.
A total of six behavioural studies addressed the two theoretical approaches. The first approach, to determine the impact of inter-stimulus time interval and visual load on lateral asymmetries, was addressed in four experiments. The findings indicated that participants were able to integrate the discrete disks into an overall array. Participants exhibited an overall leftward bias similar to that obtained in
attention tasks, where they selected an array to be overall darker when the darkest disks were presented on the left side of the array. Furthermore, these biases increased the most when the stimuli were presented in the lower half of the computer screen, consistent with the lower visual field. Conversely, stimuli…
Advisors/Committee Members: Elias, Lorin, Kalynchuk, Lisa, Gray, Jack, Borowsky, Ron.
Subjects/Keywords: spatial orientation; pseudoneglect; attention; memory
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APA (6th Edition):
Szelest, I. (2014). Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1594
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Szelest, Izabela. “Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems.” 2014. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1594.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Szelest, Izabela. “Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Szelest I. Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1594.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Szelest I. Lateral Biases in Attention and Working Memory Systems. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2014-04-1594
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Oregon State University
6.
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth.
An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.
Degree: MA, 2011, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
► The present study examined whether emotion perception requires central attentional resources. A dual-task paradigm was used to examine whether people can direct their attention to…
(more)
▼ The present study examined whether emotion perception requires central attentional resources. A dual-task paradigm was used to examine whether people can direct their
attention to a face expressing a target emotion, even while they are still selecting a response to another task. Task-1 required an auditory discrimination while for Task-2, one happy face and one angry face were presented adjacent to each other. Participants were asked to find the face with a pre-specified emotion and indicate its gender (Experiment 1), location (Experiment 2), or identify whether the faces were the same gender or different gender without emotional goal settings (Experiment 3). The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the two tasks was varied. To determine where people were attending, an electrophysiological measure of
attention known as the N2pc component of the event-related brain potential was used. The face expressing the target emotion elicited an N2pc effect, indicating
attention capture, even when participants were already pre-occupied with processing Task-1 (i.e., short SOAs). Thus, it appears that emotion perception can occur even when central attentional resources are unavailable. In addition, angry faces elicited a much larger N2pc effect than happy faces, indicating an attentional bias toward negative emotions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lien, Mei-Ching (advisor), Bernieri, Frank (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Spatial attention; Emotions and cognition
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APA (6th Edition):
Shaw, K. E. (2011). An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth. “An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shaw, Kathleen Elizabeth. “An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm.” 2011. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Shaw KE. An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641.
Council of Science Editors:
Shaw KE. An electrophysiological study of emotional perception in a dual-task paradigm. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21641
University of Notre Dame
7.
Pedro Sztybel.
Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>.
Degree: Psychology, 2015, University of Notre Dame
URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/fj236111049
► Abstract by Pedro Sztybel Spatial symbols can direct attention to a specific location in space only when they are capable of specifying both direction…
(more)
▼ Abstract by Pedro Sztybel
Spatial symbols can direct
attention to a specific
location in space only when they are capable of specifying both
direction and distance. Interestingly, the
spatial symbols used in
most previous
spatial cueing studies only convey information about
direction. In a recent study, we presented observers with symbolic
cues that conveyed information about both the direction and the
distance of an upcoming target within the context of the
spatial
cueing paradigm. Results showed that observers have greater
expertise using direction symbols than distance symbols to guide
attention. However, these findings were limited to voluntary shifts
of
attention. The present study sought further evidence in favor of
direction expertise by examining the extent to which symbolic
information about direction and distance are characterized by
automatic attentional processing. As expected, results showed that
direction symbols produced a larger automatic response than
distance symbols. These results are important because they provide
support for the direction expertise hypothesis and extend current
semantic-based theories of symbolic control.
Advisors/Committee Members: James Brockmole, Committee Member, Bradley S. Gibson, Committee Chair, Sidney DMello, Committee Member.
Subjects/Keywords: Spatial Attention; Symbolic Control of Attention; Spatial Cueing
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Sztybel, P. (2015). Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>. (Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/fj236111049
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sztybel, Pedro. “Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>.” 2015. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed April 21, 2021.
https://curate.nd.edu/show/fj236111049.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sztybel, Pedro. “Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>.” 2015. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Sztybel P. Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/fj236111049.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Sztybel P. Automatic Shifts of Spatial Attention to Symbolic Cues that
Convey Information About Direction and Distance</h1>. [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2015. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/fj236111049
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
George Mason University
8.
Barrow, Jane Hesketh.
The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
.
Degree: 2013, George Mason University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/8753
► This dissertation investigated the influence that differing levels of musically-induced emotional valence might have on biases in visual and auditory spatial attention. At the core…
(more)
▼ This dissertation investigated the influence that differing levels of musically-induced emotional valence might have on biases in visual and auditory
spatial attention. At the core of this dissertation is the phenomenon of pseudoneglect - an asymmetry in visuospatial
attention found in neurologically normal individuals when performing simple line bisections. The resulting bisections are reliably to the left of true center, presumably due to greater activation of areas in the right hemisphere of the brain associated with visuospatial
attention. Auditory versions of the line bisection task have demonstrated a rightward asymmetry, presumably due to greater activation in the left hemisphere of the brain, though the distinction of whether
spatial attention is supra-modal or modality specific is still being debated. Further, there are studies in the literature that suggest an emotional influence to
spatial attention, while others suggest that there is no impact. The main two questions were whether differences in emotional valence can alter inherent asymmetries in visual and auditory
spatial attention, and whether visual and auditory
spatial attention are governed by differing areas of the brain as educed from demonstrable biases. The studies within this dissertation were designed to pit the opposing theories and findings against one another so that the outcome would support one viewpoint or the other, further fueling the academic debate.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baldwin, Carryl L (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive psychology;
Auditory Spatial Attention;
Musically-Induced Emotion;
Pseudoneglect;
Spatial Attention;
Visuospatial Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Barrow, J. H. (2013). The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
. (Thesis). George Mason University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1920/8753
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barrow, Jane Hesketh. “The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
.” 2013. Thesis, George Mason University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1920/8753.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barrow, Jane Hesketh. “The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
.” 2013. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Barrow JH. The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
. [Internet] [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/8753.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Barrow JH. The Influence of Musically-Induced Emotion on Biases in Visual and Auditory Spatial Attention
. [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/8753
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Minnesota
9.
Addleman, Douglas.
The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2020, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
► Past research has demonstrated implicit experience-driven effects on spatial attention in vision and audition. In particular, what and where an observer has attended in the…
(more)
▼ Past research has demonstrated implicit experience-driven effects on spatial attention in vision and audition. In particular, what and where an observer has attended in the past affects future attentional selection. For instance, attention while searching for an item is biased towards locations which contained recent targets—an effect called inter-trial location priming—as well as towards locations which contain targets more often than other regions over a span of time—an effect called location probability learning. In this dissertation, I present three studies investigating selection history effects and how they differ from the better-understood goal-driven form of attention. The first two studies investigate the relationship between spatial selection history and top-down attention during visual search. Study 1 investigated how attending to spatial locations during a visual search task for letters affected a secondary memory task for scenes presented underneath the search array. Implicit location probability learning and goal-driven attention both affected search performance, but only goal-driven attention affected memory for scenes at attended locations. This suggests that implicitly learned probability learning has task-specific effects on attention, while goal-driven attention has task-general effects. Study 2 showed that, unlike goal-driven attention, implicit location probability learning causes shifts of visuospatial attention only after search stimuli appear, not in anticipation of stimulus onset. Study 3 investigated short-term and long-term auditory selection history effects, finding long-term location probability learning but a striking lack of short-term inter-trial location priming. Taken together, this dissertation provides evidence for differences in the implementation of goal-driven and implicitly learned spatial attention that, while present in both vision and audition, manifest in modality-specific ways.
Subjects/Keywords: auditory attention; experience-driven attention; habit learning; selection history; spatial attention; visual attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Addleman, D. (2020). The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Addleman, Douglas. “The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Addleman, Douglas. “The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.” 2020. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Addleman D. The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050.
Council of Science Editors:
Addleman D. The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
Boston University
10.
Kong, Lingqiang.
Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention.
Degree: PhD, Cognitive & Neural Systems, 2013, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14077
► In everyday settings, spatial attention helps listeners isolate and understand individual sound sources. However, the neural mechanisms of auditory spatial attention (ASpA) are only partially…
(more)
▼ In everyday settings, spatial attention helps listeners isolate and understand individual sound sources. However, the neural mechanisms of auditory spatial attention (ASpA) are only partially understood. This thesis uses within-subject analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to address fundamental questions regarding cortical mechanisms supporting ASpA by applying novel multi-voxel pattern analysis (MVPA) and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) approaches. A series of fMRI studies of ASpA were conducted in which subjects performed a one-back task in which they attended to one of two spatially separated streams. Attention modulated blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) activity in multiple areas in the prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortex, including non-visuotopic intraparietal sulcus (IPS), but not the visuotopic maps in IPS. No spatial bias was detected in any cortical area using standard univariate analysis; however, MVPA revealed that activation patterns in a number of areas, including the auditory cortex, predicted the attended direction. Furthermore, we explored how cognitive task demands and the sensory modality of the inputs influenced activity with a visual one-back task and a visual multiple object tracking (MOT) task. Activity from the visual and auditory one-back tasks overlapped along the fundus of IPS and lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC). However, there was minimal overlap of activity in the lPFC between the visual MOT task and the two one-back tasks. Finally, we endeavored to identify visual and auditory networks using rsFC. We identified a dorsal visual attention network reliably within individual subjects using visuotopic seeds. Using auditory seeds, we found a prefrontal area nested between segments of the dorsal visual attention network.
These findings mark fundamental progress towards elucidating the cortical network controlling ASpA. Our results suggest that similar lPFC structures support both ASpA and its visual counterpart during a spatial one-back task, but that ASpA does not drive visuotopic IPS in the parietal cortex. Furthermore, rsFC reveals that visual and auditory seed regions are functionally connected with non-overlapping lPFC regions, possibly reflecting spatial and temporal cognitive processing biases, respectively. While we find no evidence for a spatiotopic map, the auditory cortex is sensitive to direction of attention in its patterns of activation.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; fMRI; Auditory spatial attention; Functional connectivity
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APA (6th Edition):
Kong, L. (2013). Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14077
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kong, Lingqiang. “Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14077.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kong, Lingqiang. “Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention.” 2013. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Kong L. Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14077.
Council of Science Editors:
Kong L. Functional MRI investigations of cortical mechanisms of auditory spatial attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14077
University of Oregon
11.
Dugan, James Patrick.
Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study.
Degree: 2005, University of Oregon
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1399
► We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to demonstrate the effects of directing sustained attention to near and far peripheral locations ( <12 and >20…
(more)
▼ We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to demonstrate the effects of directing sustained attention to near and far peripheral locations ( <12 and >20 degree eccentricities, respectively) on blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) response. Using a Hillyard paradigm we presented 8 Hz flashing light stimuli at 8, 12, 22, and 33 degree eccentricities in the upper left and right quadrants of the visual field. The 8 and 12 degree locations were presented randomly using a projection system. In a separate session the 22 and 33 degree locations were presented with the same timing, but using fiber optics to direct stimuli near the eye. During the presentation of the stimuli the subjects alternated their attention between a single left and right location while maintaining central gaze. BOLD response to the stimuli at the attended and unattended locations was evaluated. All subjects showed a response in visual areas V1, V2/VP, and MT+, in both attended and unattended conditions. A number of parietal locations also responded well to the visual stimuli. At all of these locations subjects showed a significant modulation of activation with sustained attention. The magnitude of the modulation was similar for the near and far periphery, but varied by visual region; MT+ showed the greatest modulation.
Subjects/Keywords: fMRI; Spatial attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Dugan, J. P. (2005). Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study. (Thesis). University of Oregon. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1399
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dugan, James Patrick. “Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study.” 2005. Thesis, University of Oregon. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1399.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dugan, James Patrick. “Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study.” 2005. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Dugan JP. Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Oregon; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1399.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Dugan JP. Peripheral Visuospatial Attention: An fMRI Study. [Thesis]. University of Oregon; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/1399
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Victoria University of Wellington
12.
Schaverien, Polly M.
The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention.
Degree: 2013, Victoria University of Wellington
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2800
► Conceptual metaphor theory suggests that to mentally represent abstract concepts we use metaphorical associations to map them onto more concrete constructs (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980;…
(more)
▼ Conceptual metaphor theory suggests that to mentally represent abstract concepts we use metaphorical associations to map them onto more concrete constructs (Lakoff & Johnson, 1980; 1999). Using a choice reaction time (CRT) task, Meier and Robinson (2004) found that positively valenced words primed
attention to higher areas in vertical space, while negatively valenced words primed
attention to lower areas in vertical space, consistent with the good is up/bad is down conceptual metaphor. Meier and Robinson (2004; 2005) suggest this provides evidence that emotional words create an automatic and obligatory metaphor-congruent shift in
spatial attention, driven by a Valence x Position interaction. However, other research shows that the arousal level, not just the valence of emotional words can affect reaction time (Robinson, Storbeck, Meier & Kirkeby, 2004). This means concluding that valence alone is driving the shift in
attention is premature. Furthermore, Brookshire, Irvy and Casasanto (2010) dispute Meier and Robinson’s claim that the relationship between affect and metaphor is automatic, instead suggesting that affect-metaphor associations are optional and only accessed under certain contextual conditions. The purpose of this thesis was therefore two-fold. First, it aimed to explore whether valence, arousal, or an interaction between the two was responsible for driving the metaphor-consistent shift in
spatial attention observed by Meier and Robinson (2004). Second, it aimed to progress the discussion about when affective stimuli, in the form of emotional words, automatically activate the good is up/bad is down conceptual metaphor. Three CRT experiments were conducted in which (a) emotional stimulus words were differentiated by arousal level as well as valence and (b) the evaluation of stimulus words’ affective tone (pleasant/unpleasant) was manipulated. A Valence x Position interaction in relation to the good is up but not bad is down conceptual metaphor was found when the valence of priming words was evaluated, suggesting valence, rather than arousal or a combination of both, is driving the affect-metaphor relationship. No evidence for the automatic activation of affect-metaphor associations was found when the word’s affective tone was not evaluated. These findings suggest that while driven by valence, affect-metaphor associations are not fully automatic and occur only under certain contextual conditions. The implications for our understanding of how emotion impacts
spatial attention are discussed, suggesting metaphors enrich, rather than monopolise our mental representation of abstract, affective concepts.
Advisors/Committee Members: McDowall, John.
Subjects/Keywords: Conceptual metaphor theory; Spatial attention; Valence; Arousal
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APA (6th Edition):
Schaverien, P. M. (2013). The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2800
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Schaverien, Polly M. “The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2800.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Schaverien, Polly M. “The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention.” 2013. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Schaverien PM. The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2800.
Council of Science Editors:
Schaverien PM. The Effect of Valence and Arousal on Spatial Attention. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2800
University of Waterloo
13.
White, Darcy.
Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing.
Degree: 2014, University of Waterloo
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8744
► Three spatial cuing experiments assessed whether the nature of the prior trial affects performance in a two choice target identification task. In Experiment 1 current…
(more)
▼ Three spatial cuing experiments assessed whether the nature of the prior trial affects performance in a two choice target identification task. In Experiment 1 current trial RT was strongly affected by whether prior trial cue validity, prior trial target identity, and prior trial target location were the same as on the current trial when an exogenous spatial cue was 50% valid. Experiment 2 demonstrates that, with an endogenous cue, current trial RT was also affected by whether target identity or target location changed from the prior trial. Finally, in Experiment 3 when the cue was exogenous and cue validity was 75%, current trial RT was only affected by the target’s identity on the prior trial. It is concluded that (a) the effects of prior trial history reflect yet another context in which the effects of exogenous and endogenous spatial cuing differ, and (b) the difference in RT to a target preceded by a valid or invalid cue does not reflect a pure measure of spatial attention. Instead, participants appear to weigh information from all dimensions on the previous trial when identifying the target on the current trial. An analysis of the RT distributions yielded significant differences with respect to where in the distribution each factor affected performance. Overall, these data demonstrate that both prior trial effects and analyses of RT distributions of such effects are a rich source of systematic variance that merits further investigation and theoretical consideration.
Subjects/Keywords: spatial attention; effects of trial history
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APA (6th Edition):
White, D. (2014). Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8744
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
White, Darcy. “Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing.” 2014. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8744.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
White, Darcy. “Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
White D. Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8744.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
White D. Where Have You Been, What Did You See, and How Did You Get Here: Effects of Prior Trial History in the Context of Exogenous and Endogenous Spatial Cuing. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/8744
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Georgia
14.
Denney, Hope I.
Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage.
Degree: 2014, University of Georgia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21478
► In visual attention, there is a distinction between space-based and object-based attention. This study explores object-based attention with a pre-cuing paradigm. Object-based attention has been…
(more)
▼ In visual attention, there is a distinction between space-based and object-based attention. This study explores object-based attention with a pre-cuing paradigm. Object-based attention has been demonstrated with facilitation to reaction
times when the target is in the same object as the cue, as compared to reaction times when the target is equidistant, but in a different object. Experiment 1 tested three different within-object distances to determine whether the object advantage is
reduced by a larger within-object distance. Experiment 2 was designed to determine whether attention shifting within the fovea is affected by the object advantage. Results demonstrated that the object advantage is not reduced by greater within-object
distances, nor by foveal presentation of the stimuli.
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Spatial cuing; Visual perception; Spatial Perception; Selective attention; Object recognition; Cues
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APA (6th Edition):
Denney, H. I. (2014). Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21478
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Denney, Hope I. “Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21478.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Denney, Hope I. “Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Denney HI. Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21478.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Denney HI. Exploring the effects of size and space on the object advantage. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/21478
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Macquarie University
15.
Al-Janabi, Shahd.
Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking.
Degree: Cognitive Science, Perception in Action Research Centre, ARC Centre of Excellence in Cogniion and its Disorders, Faculty of Huma, 2014, Macquarie University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/1069477
► Thesis by publication.
Previous research suggests that the exogenous orienting of spatial attention is an involuntary process; that is, it can occur without intent, effort…
(more)
▼ Thesis by publication.
Previous research suggests that the exogenous orienting of spatial attention is an involuntary process; that is, it can occur without intent, effort or awareness. Recent studies, however, have shown that exogenous shifts of attention may, at least to some extent, be reliant on these three factors. On the basis of this finding, the purpose of the present thesis was to tease apart the relative contribution of intentions and conscious awareness, in particular, on the orienting of attention by abrupt onset cues in the periphery and symbolic (i.e., averted eye-gaze and arrow) cues at fixation. To investigate this issue, a visual masking paradigm was used and the task-relevance of cues was manipulated. It was found in Study 1 that both masked and unmasked abrupt onset cues produce a validity effect even when they are uninformative of target location. This pattern of results indicates that abrupt onset cues can exogenously shift attention regardless of intentions and conscious awareness. It was found in Studies 2 – 4 that masked symbolic cues also produce a validity effect when they are uninformative of target location. This effect, however, was restricted to experimental contexts that favoured cue utilization and tasks that allowed for the formation of stimulus-response mappings. Intriguingly, however, this pattern of results did not hold for unmasked symbolic cues. Those cues produced a validity effect regardless of task-relevance and task-type. The findings of Studies 2 – 4, therefore, suggest that the propensity to which symbolic cues shift attention relies on participants having a conscious appreciation of the orienting stimulus. Thus, the findings of the present thesis serve to further our understanding of the constraints imposed on the orienting of visual attention generated by masked abrupt onset and symbolic cues.
1 online resource (182 pages) diagrams, graphs
Advisors/Committee Members: Macquarie University. Department of Cognitive Science, ARC Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders.
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; masking; spatial attention; symbolic cues; abrupt onset cues
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Al-Janabi, S. (2014). Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking. (Doctoral Dissertation). Macquarie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/1069477
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Al-Janabi, Shahd. “Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Macquarie University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/1069477.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Al-Janabi, Shahd. “Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Al-Janabi S. Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Macquarie University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/1069477.
Council of Science Editors:
Al-Janabi S. Constraints on attentional orienting by symbolic and abrupt onset cues as revealed through masking. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Macquarie University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/1069477
University of Georgia
16.
Denney, Hope.
Attention and perceptual organization.
Degree: 2014, University of Georgia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23347
► This study explored the representation of objects in the object-based attention system in terms of how the system incorporates cues based on perceptual organization. Uniform…
(more)
▼ This study explored the representation of objects in the object-based attention system in terms of how the system incorporates cues based on perceptual organization. Uniform connectedness is an organizing principle thought to underlie the
segregation of the visual field into figure and ground, and ultimately into separate objects. At what point does object-based attention begin to have an influence as processing progresses from uniformly connected (UC) regions to objects? To address this
question, this experiment explored a boundary condition of the object effect in terms of perceptual organization with two different types of UC stimuli: silhouettes of two recognizable objects (Experiments 1 and 2a) and self-splitting figures (Experiment
3a). Object-based attention may process a UC stimulus as a single object, as the bottom-up information indicates, or it may process it as two separate objects, as the silhouettes and splitting figures are perceived. Two different tasks, discrimination
(Experiment 1) and detection paradigms (Experiments 2 and 3), were used to achieve convergent validity.
Subjects/Keywords: Object-based Attention; Perceptual Organization; Uniform Connectedness; Object recognition; Segregation; Selective Attention; Attention; Spatial Cuing; Visual Perception; Spatial Perception
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Denney, H. (2014). Attention and perceptual organization. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23347
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Denney, Hope. “Attention and perceptual organization.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23347.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Denney, Hope. “Attention and perceptual organization.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Denney H. Attention and perceptual organization. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23347.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Denney H. Attention and perceptual organization. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/23347
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Toronto
17.
Chen, Jiaqing.
Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention.
Degree: 2012, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33373
► Body schema is indispensable for sensorimotor control and learning, but it remains unclear whether it is associated with cognitive functions. Data from patients with spatial…
(more)
▼ Body schema is indispensable for sensorimotor control and learning, but it remains unclear whether it is associated with cognitive functions. Data from patients with spatial neglect support this view; yet observations in healthy participants are inconsistent. Here I conducted two sets of experiments examining influences of trunk position: the first probed attention and spatial working memory using a change detection task and a two-back task; the second used different versions of the Posner paradigm to examine whether head-on-trunk position governs disengagement of attention. In none of the experiments did I observe that trunk turns altered performance in the left versus right visual field in an ipsiversive fashion as reported in neglect. Nevertheless, I found that trunk-right position improved performance at eccentric locations of the visual field. The data are inconsistent with previous findings of head-on-trunk effects in normal participants. Further studies are required to clarify these discrepancies.
MAST
Advisors/Committee Members: Niemeier, Matthias, Schmuckler, Mark, Psychology.
Subjects/Keywords: head-on-trunk signals; spatial attention; spatial working memory; body schema; spatial neglect; 0633
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APA (6th Edition):
Chen, J. (2012). Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33373
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chen, Jiaqing. “Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33373.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chen, Jiaqing. “Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention.” 2012. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Chen J. Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33373.
Council of Science Editors:
Chen J. Do Proprioceptive Head-on-trunk Signals Modulate Spatial Cognition? – Probing Influences of Body Schema on Working Memory and Spatial Attention. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33373
University of California – Riverside
18.
Pierce, Russell Stewart.
3D Spatial Attention and Aging.
Degree: Psychology, 2013, University of California – Riverside
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g55f4bp
► Spatial attention is a mechanism by which observers are able to enhance the processing of information at relevant locations. Spotlight, zoom lens, and gradient theories…
(more)
▼ Spatial attention is a mechanism by which observers are able to enhance the processing of information at relevant locations. Spotlight, zoom lens, and gradient theories of attention make no predictions about how spatial attention is directed in three-dimensional (3D) scenes. This is an oversight, because previous research has demonstrated that younger and older observers can direct their attention in depth. However, previous experiments on the topic of spatial attention for 3D scenes have been conducted using stimuli that are not typical during real-world task performance or have failed to provide compelling controls for potential confounding variables that are two-dimensional (2D). Therefore, it is uncertain whether younger and older observers can direct their attention in depth during real-world task performance. To address these limitations, I conducted experiments to test the hypothesis that spatial attention is based on a 3D representation of the scene. Several predictions are proposed based on this hypothesis. First, that the allocation of attention in depth is not a consequence of the projected size or 2D spatial separation of the targets but due to their perceived position in depth. Second, that 3D spatial attention will occur for stimuli that do not include binocular disparity as a source of depth information. Third, that 3D spatial attention effects will not be dependent on eye fixation. Lastly, that 3D spatial effects will occur with different tasks. Following from previous research, I also hypothesize that the spatial extent of attention is reduced for older individuals as compared to younger individuals. If these hypotheses are correct, then there will be a reduction in spatial attention along the axis of depth for older individuals as compared to younger individuals. In these experiments, younger and older drivers performed a light detection task and one of two car-following tasks in a simulator lacking binocular disparity information for depth. The results from these experiments were consistent with the predictions of the 3D spatial attention hypothesis. Although there were age-related differences in spatial attention, a reduction in spatial attention along the axis of depth for older individuals was not observed.
Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive psychology; Psychology; Experimental psychology; 3D Attention; Aging; Attention; Older Drivers; Spatial Attention; Three Dimentional Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Pierce, R. S. (2013). 3D Spatial Attention and Aging. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g55f4bp
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pierce, Russell Stewart. “3D Spatial Attention and Aging.” 2013. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g55f4bp.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pierce, Russell Stewart. “3D Spatial Attention and Aging.” 2013. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Pierce RS. 3D Spatial Attention and Aging. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g55f4bp.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Pierce RS. 3D Spatial Attention and Aging. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7g55f4bp
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universiteit Utrecht
19.
Zijlstra, K.J.
De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie.
Degree: 2010, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/187311
► This thesis enter the predicted value of attention on spatial cognition of children at the age of nine and twenty months. The purpose was to…
(more)
▼ This thesis enter the predicted value of
attention on
spatial cognition of children at the age of nine and twenty months. The purpose was to find out if a higher level of
attention predicts a higher level of
spatial orientation,
spatial memory and
spatial processing.
Method
30 nine and twenty months old children took part in the study. These children performed several tests to measure the various aspect of
spatial cognition, for example the A not B task. The parents of the children completed also a questionnaire about
spatial orientation and
attention. Regression analyses were used to examine the predicted value of
attention on
spatial cognition at children from nine and twenty months.
Results
Attention was found to significantly predict
spatial processing of children at the age of twenty months. The effect is small to average.
Attention could not significantly predict any of the other aspects of
spatial cognition.
Conclusion
Abstract
Objective
Attention seems not to predict
spatial cognition in general. But it predicts
spatial processing by children at the age of twenty months. It could be that the several brain areas of
attention and
spatial cognition overlap and
spatial processing not fully developed is by children at the age of nigh months. It could also be that
spatial processing needs more
attention. Further research should give
attention on the definition and several aspect of
spatial cognition, the measurement of
spatial cognition and the size of the sample.
Samenvatting
Doel
Deze thesis richt zich op de voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie bij kinderen van negen en twintig maanden. Het doel is te bekijken of een hoger niveau van aandacht een hoger niveau van respectievelijk ruimtelijke oriëntatie, ruimtelijk werkgeheugen en ruimtelijke verwerking voorspelt bij kinderen van negen en twintig maanden.
Methode
De negen en twintig maanden groep bestonden elk uit 30 kinderen, welke verscheidene taken hebben uitgevoerd om de verschillende aspecten van ruimtelijke cognitie te meten, bijvoorbeeld de ‘A not B’ taak. Ook is er door ouders een vragenlijst over aandacht en ruimtelijke oriëntatie ingevuld. Er is een regressieanalyse gebruikt om de voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie te bepalen.
Resultaten
Aandacht bleek een significante voorspeller te zijn voor ruimtelijke verwerking bij kinderen van twintig maanden. Het gaat om een klein tot middelmatig effect. Aandacht bleek geen significante voorspeller te zijn voor de overige aspecten van ruimtelijke cognitie.
Conclusie
Aandacht blijkt geen voorspellende waarde te hebben voor ruimtelijke cognitie als geheel, maar wel voor ruimtelijke verwerking bij kinderen van twintig maanden. Het zou kunnen dat de verscheidene hersengebieden van aandacht en ruimtelijke cognitie meer overlappen en dat ruimtelijke verwerking nog niet voldoende is ontwikkeld bij kinderen van negen maanden. Het zou ook kunnen dat ruimtelijke verwerking meer aandacht vergt. Vervolgonderzoek zal zich eveneens moeten richten op de definitie en de…
Advisors/Committee Members: Oudgenoeg-Paz, O., Hamers, J.H.M..
Subjects/Keywords: Sociale Wetenschappen; Attention; spatial orientation; spatial memory; spatial processing; spatial cognition.
Aandacht; ruimtelijke oriëntatie; ruimtelijk werkgeheugen; ruimtelijke verwerking; ruimtelijke cognitie.
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APA (6th Edition):
Zijlstra, K. J. (2010). De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/187311
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zijlstra, K J. “De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/187311.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zijlstra, K J. “De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie.” 2010. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Zijlstra KJ. De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/187311.
Council of Science Editors:
Zijlstra KJ. De voorspellende waarde van aandacht op ruimtelijke cognitie. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/187311
University of California – San Diego
20.
Vo, Vy Ai.
The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex.
Degree: Neurosciences, 2019, University of California – San Diego
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq1d71w
► Understanding the format of neural representations is a key problem in neuroscience. I present a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of the…
(more)
▼ Understanding the format of neural representations is a key problem in neuroscience. I present a series of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of the human visual system to investigate the format of how visual information is represented, and how the format changes due to different cognitive demands. First, I investigate how covert spatial attention modifies visual encoding properties at two different levels of analysis—at the level of a single spatial encoding unit, the receptive field, and at the level of the encoding population. Second, I examine how the contents of visual memory are represented across both working memory and long-term memory, systems that have traditionally been considered distinct entities. Together these data reveal how different retinotopic regions of visual cortex flexibly encode information about the visual world and how they are altered in response to varying cognitive demands.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Cognitive psychology; fMRI; long-term memory; spatial attention; vision; visual attention; working memory
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APA (6th Edition):
Vo, V. A. (2019). The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq1d71w
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vo, Vy Ai. “The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex.” 2019. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq1d71w.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vo, Vy Ai. “The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex.” 2019. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Vo VA. The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq1d71w.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Vo VA. The effects of cognitive state on visual encoding properties in human cortex. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2019. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9rq1d71w
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Boston University
21.
Chang, Hung-Cheng.
Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene.
Degree: PhD, Cognitive & Neural Systems, 2014, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/15113
► The Where's Waldo problem concerns how individuals can rapidly scan a scene to detect a target object in it. This dissertation develops the ARTSCAN Search…
(more)
▼ The Where's Waldo problem concerns how individuals can rapidly scan a scene to detect a target object in it. This dissertation develops the ARTSCAN Search neural model to clarify how brain mechanisms that govern spatial and object attention, spatially-invariant object learning and recognition, reinforcement learning, and eye movement search are coordinated to enable learning and directed search for desired objects at specific locations in a cluttered scene. In the model, interactions from the Where cortical processing stream to the What cortical processing stream modulate invariant category learning of a desired object, whereas interactions from the What cortical processing stream to the Where cortical processing stream support search for the object. In particular, when an invariant object category representation is activated top-down by a cognitive plan or by an active motivational source in the model's What stream, it can shift spatial attention in the Where stream and thereby selectively activate the locations of sought-after object exemplars. These combined What-to-Where and Where-to-What interactions clarify how the brain's solution of the Where's Waldo problem overcomes the complementary deficiencies of What and Where stream processes taken individually by using inter-stream interactions that allow both invariant object recognition and spatially selective attention and action to occur.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Adaptive resonance theory; Category learning; Object attention; Saccadic eye movements; Spatial attention; Surface perception
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Chang, H. (2014). Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/15113
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chang, Hung-Cheng. “Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/15113.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chang, Hung-Cheng. “Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Chang H. Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/15113.
Council of Science Editors:
Chang H. Where's Waldo?® How perceptual, cognitive, and emotional brain processes cooperate during learning to categorize and find desired objects in a cluttered scene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/15113
22.
Yamani, Yusuke.
Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field.
Degree: PhD, 0338, 2013, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45520
► The visual world is cluttered, and adaptive behavior often demands attention to multiple objects. Unfortunately, compared with young adults, older adults seem to show more…
(more)
▼ The visual world is cluttered, and adaptive behavior often demands
attention to multiple objects. Unfortunately, compared with young adults, older adults seem to show more difficulty in dividing
attention across the visual field (e.g. Ball et al., 1988), an effect often interpreted as an age-related constriction of the attentional visual field (AVF). As yet, the mechanisms underlying progressive shrinking of the AVF across lifespan remain unclear. The current work directly gauged workload capacity, C(t), calculated based on response time distributions (Townsend & Nozawa, 1995), to isolate the effects of
attention and sensory limits across the visual field in young and older adults. Young and older adults made a speeded discrimination of one or two colored target letter(s) presented at varying levels of retinal eccentricity with or without the presence of clutter. In Experiment 1, surprisingly, workload capacity increased with retinal eccentricity and in the presence of clutter, and these effects were larger for older than young adults. Experiment 2 and 3 examined the influence of intertarget contingencies (Mordkoff & Yantis, 1991) on workload capacity under varying levels of clutter and target eccentricity. Data failed to find evidence of an age-related capacity gain either in the absence of intertarget contingencies or under conditions of moderate intertarget contingencies.. Experiment 4 attempted to replicate the age-related benefit found in Experiment 1, but found similarities in attentional performance across young and older adults. Meta-analysis of mean capacity scores across all four experiments indicates general age-related benefit in visual divided capacity. Meta-analyses of effects of eccentricity and clutter indicate the age-related similarities at various eccentricity and benefit in cluttered environments. The findings argue against the suggestion that peripheral visual losses in older adults are strictly attentional, and suggest instead that they are sensory or perceptual in basis.
Advisors/Committee Members: McCarley, Jason S. (advisor), McCarley, Jason S. (Committee Chair), Kramer, Arthur F. (committee member), Benjamin, Aaron S. (committee member), Lleras, Alejandro (committee member), Morrow, Daniel G. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Visual attention; Aging; Spatial attention
…condition.
However, the ability to divide attention in two spatial locations appears to decline… …to divide attention between different spatial locations, consistent
with the previous… …because older adults are less able to divide spatial attention and integrate information from… …different eccentricities. It aims to isolate the effects of
attention and sensory limits across… …relationship between aging and selective attention
suggests that the ability to selectively attend to…
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APA (6th Edition):
Yamani, Y. (2013). Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45520
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yamani, Yusuke. “Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45520.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yamani, Yusuke. “Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field.” 2013. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Yamani Y. Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45520.
Council of Science Editors:
Yamani Y. Age-related similarities in the attentional visual field. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45520
University of Manitoba
23.
OLADOKUN, BAYONLE.
The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence.
Degree: Kinesiology and Recreation Management, 2017, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32446
► The theories of attention and motor planning postulate that both process are tightly coupled. The present study examined these theories in covert auditory attention. In…
(more)
▼ The theories of
attention and motor planning postulate that both process are tightly coupled. The present study examined these theories in covert auditory
attention. In two experiments, participants (N=24) reached to four target locations in the presence of a no-cue, neutral cue, 50/50, and 80/20 auditory cue. In the first experiment the cue was presented at movement initiation, while in the second experiment it was presented 130ms following movement initiation. Neutral condition cues were presented from both piezoelectric buzzers (right and left). Predictive condition cues predicted the target location on 50% or 80% of the trials. Movement trajectories were collected using an Optotrak 3D investigator. Performance and kinematic variables were analyzed, including trajectory deviations. With lateralized cues, the point at which a deviation toward the target occurred earlier in both experiments. Therefore, the presence of a random lateralized sound affected action from both a crossmodal attentional and multisensory integration perspective.
Advisors/Committee Members: Glazebrook, Cheryl (Kinesiology and Recreation Management) (supervisor), Singer, Jonathan (Kinesiology and Recreation Management) Mann, Danny (Biosystems Engineering) (examiningcommittee).
Subjects/Keywords: Endogenous attention; Exogenous attention; Action-centred attention; Spatial averaging; Multiple targets aiming; Movement trajectory; Goal-directed aiming
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APA (6th Edition):
OLADOKUN, B. (2017). The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32446
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
OLADOKUN, BAYONLE. “The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32446.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
OLADOKUN, BAYONLE. “The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence.” 2017. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
OLADOKUN B. The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32446.
Council of Science Editors:
OLADOKUN B. The effect of covert auditory attention in multiple target aiming: kinematic evidence. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32446
York University
24.
Yoo, Sang-Ah.
Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention.
Degree: PhD, Psychology (Functional Area: Brain, Behaviour & Cognitive Science), 2020, York University
URL: https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/handle/10315/37457
► To overcome limited processing capacity, our visual system facilitates information that relates to the task at hand while inhibiting irrelevant information via selective attention. Among…
(more)
▼ To overcome limited processing capacity, our visual system facilitates information that relates to the task at hand while inhibiting irrelevant information via selective
attention. Among various
attention models and theories, the Selective Tuning model of visual
attention (ST) is a computation model of visual processing that is based on biological mechanisms. This model emphasizes the role of top-down feedback processing in visual perception and has predicted its unique consequences, such as an attentional surround suppression in which the attentional focus is accompanied by an inhibitory surround. The previous studies have experimentally validated STs predictions, indicating that the components in ST do reflect actual visual processing in the brain. Nevertheless, many aspects of ST still need to be elaborated and several predictions and assumptions remain untested. The series of works in this dissertation investigate different aspects of top-down feedback processing in visual perception that ST has proposed to corroborate this model and to broaden our understanding of visual
attention. The first study examined whether top-down feedback processing is necessary for an
attention-demanding, fine-grained visual localization (Chapter 2). The subsequent two studies focused on the properties of different types of the attentional surround suppression, the end-result of top-down feedback processing. The second study suggested the interplay between the location-based and feature-based surround suppression and tested the potential factors that could manipulate the
spatial extent of the location-based suppressive surround (Chapter 3). The last study demonstrated feature-based surround suppression in motion processing and its neurophysiological mechanism (Chapter 4). Collectively, this work reinforces functional significance of top-down,
attention-mediated feedback for visual processing and supports the validity of ST as well.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fallah, Mazyar (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Attention; Vision; Selective Tuning model; Attentional surround suppression; Attentional selection; Top-down processing; Spatial attention; Feature-based attention; Psychophysics; Neurophysiology
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Yoo, S. (2020). Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). York University. Retrieved from https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/handle/10315/37457
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yoo, Sang-Ah. “Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, York University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/handle/10315/37457.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yoo, Sang-Ah. “Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention.” 2020. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Yoo S. Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. York University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/handle/10315/37457.
Council of Science Editors:
Yoo S. Experimental Evidence for Top-Down Attentional Selection in the Selective Tuning Model of Visual Attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. York University; 2020. Available from: https://yorkspace.library.yorku.ca/xmlui/handle/10315/37457
University of Saskatchewan
25.
Goodall, Kathleen M.
Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design.
Degree: 2005, University of Saskatchewan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08262005-103342
► The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether asymmetry in metric and topological spatial judgments could be attributed to the spatial frequency of the…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this thesis was to determine whether asymmetry in metric and topological
spatial judgments could be attributed to the
spatial frequency of the stimulus or the size of the attended receptive field. A left hemisphere advantage has been found for topological judgments and a right hemisphere advantage for metric judgments. This asymmetry has been attributed to asymmetrical processing of input conditions, namely size of attended receptive field (called the attentional bin) and
spatial frequency of the stimulus. The larger a stimulus, the higher the proportion of low
spatial frequencies, so large stimuli are thought to facilitate the extraction of lower
spatial frequencies while small stimuli are thought to facilitate the extraction of higher
spatial frequencies. A left hemisphere advantage has been reported for high
spatial frequencies and small attentional bins and a right hemisphere advantage has been reported for low
spatial frequencies and large attentional bins. A method for pitting asymmetrically distributed input conditions against each other using asymmetrically distributed tasks was developed. Three studies were conducted. In the first study, a lack of hemisphere effects suggested bilateral processing of the stimuli. Using an eye tracker, participants were easily able to saccade to the stimulus as was shown in Experiment 2. In Experiment 3, effective exposure duration was reduced so that unilateral viewing was ensured. Under these conditions, bin size and
spatial frequency were not dissociable due to a lack of hemisphere effects for
spatial frequency and because of task dependency for bin size and
spatial frequency processing. Although the assumptions of the double double dissociation were not met, asymmetry in
spatial judgments under conditions comparable to those used by Kosslyn et al.(1989) was attributable to a right hemisphere advantage for processing through small attentional bins.
Advisors/Committee Members: Elias, Lorin J., Vrbancic, Mirna, Saucier, Deborah M., Sarty, Gordon E., Kirk, Andrew, Cheesman, James E. (Jim), Bryden, Pam.
Subjects/Keywords: Spatial Frequency; Kosslyn; Spatial Asymmetry; Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Goodall, K. M. (2005). Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08262005-103342
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Goodall, Kathleen M. “Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design.” 2005. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08262005-103342.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Goodall, Kathleen M. “Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design.” 2005. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Goodall KM. Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08262005-103342.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Goodall KM. Asymmetry in spatial judgments : testing bin theory and spatial frequency theory in a double double dissociation design. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-08262005-103342
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Universiteit Utrecht
26.
van der Stoep, N.
Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration.
Degree: 2015, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/322764
► During our daily lives our senses are flooded with information. We can see, hear, feel, smell, and taste all at the same time. Luckily, our…
(more)
▼ During our daily lives our senses are flooded with information. We can see, hear, feel, smell, and taste all at the same time. Luckily, our brain is helping us to make sense of this abundant information by combining information from different senses. The simultaneous presentation of information to different senses often results in behavioral benefits like faster detection and localization as compared to when only a single sense is stimulated. Two processes through which such benefits can occur are crossmodal exogenous
spatial attention and multisensory integration (MSI). These two processes are essential for
spatial orienting and are central to the studies that are described in the current thesis. In the first part, studies investigating when and how crossmodal exogenous
spatial attention and MSI contribute to multisensory improvements in
spatial perception are reported. Among others, it was shown that MSI is the main cause of multisensory benefits when sound and light are presented in close
spatial and temporal proximity. However, both MSI and crossmodal exogenous
spatial attention contribute when the time interval between sound and light increases. At longer intervals MSI does not longer contribute and
spatial attention takes over. It was also shown that MSI is reduced when a multisensory stimulus is attended compared to when it is unattended. Several findings from neurophysiological and neuropsychological studies of
attention and multisensory perception have revealed that the brain processes information coming from near and far space differently. In the studies that are described in part 2 it was investigated how the behavioral benefits of crossmodal exogenous
spatial attention and MSI change as a function of the location of sound and light in three-dimensional space. These studies revealed that crossmodal exogenous
spatial attention is distance-specific. Sounds that are presented in far space improve visual perception in far space, but not in near space, and the other way around. Further support for the idea that the
attention system takes the distance of information into account comes from a study of
spatial attention in stroke patients. It was observed that impairments in visuospatial
attention could be distance-specific. Patients could have
attention impairments in near space, without visuospatial
attention impairments in far space. Patients could also have
attention deficits in far space only, or in both near and far space. In a different study, we observed that the benefits of multisensory integration for the detection and localization of sound and light is enhanced in far relative to near space. Not only do these studies add to the understanding of human multisensory perception, they also provide a foundation for the application of these findings to more practical, real-life situations. For example, in situations where responses should be as fast and as accurate as possible (e.g., while driving), it can be very helpful to present a multisensory warning signal to warn for an approaching threat. After all, it…
Advisors/Committee Members: Postma, Albert, van der Stigchel, Stefan, Nijboer, Tanja.
Subjects/Keywords: Multisensory integration; spatial attention; crossmodal; space; depth; audition; vision
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APA (6th Edition):
van der Stoep, N. (2015). Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/322764
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
van der Stoep, N. “Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/322764.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
van der Stoep, N. “Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration.” 2015. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
van der Stoep N. Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/322764.
Council of Science Editors:
van der Stoep N. Into the depths of spatial attention and multisensory integration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2015. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/322764
University of California – Berkeley
27.
Landau, Ayelet Nina.
Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention.
Degree: Psychology, 2010, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr1d3wj
► Spatial attention is the capacity to prioritize part of the environment for processing over other parts. It can be employed in an internally guided manner,…
(more)
▼ Spatial attention is the capacity to prioritize part of the environment for processing over other parts. It can be employed in an internally guided manner, advancing current behavioral goals (i.e., voluntary spatial attention), or it can be captured by salient stimuli in the environment (i.e., involuntary attention). This thesis presents a series of studies investigating neural indices of voluntary and involuntary attention as well as aspects of neural circuits related to spatial attention. The first study used electroencephalography (EEG) to provide evidence that sustained spatial attention on a location generates increased coupling between the hemispheres and acceleration of interhemispheric communication. In the second study, EEG was used to measure indices of voluntary and involuntary attention. Using identical stimulus conditions in a spatial cueing paradigm, we found a physiological marker for voluntary attention that is not present for involuntary attention. In the final study we utilized fMRI coherency to measure network dynamics mediating the two types of attention. We found that voluntary attention acts to reduce coupling between regions engaged in spatial attention. In addition we find a hemispheric asymmetry in degrees of coupling such that both types of attention produce greater coupling in the right hemisphere compared to the left hemisphere. Together these studies developed indices of voluntary and involuntary attention and begin to describe the physiological mechanisms that mediate attention.
Subjects/Keywords: Psychology, Cognitive; Neurobiology; Cognitive Neuroscience; coherency; EEG; fMRI; gamma; Spatial Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Landau, A. N. (2010). Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr1d3wj
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Landau, Ayelet Nina. “Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention.” 2010. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr1d3wj.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Landau, Ayelet Nina. “Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention.” 2010. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Landau AN. Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr1d3wj.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Landau AN. Neural Circuits Mediating Voluntary and Involuntary Attention. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2010. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8cr1d3wj
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Tulane University
28.
Anderson, Maxwell M.
Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory.
Degree: 2014, Tulane University
URL: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:27810
► Previous studies investigating interactions between spatial attention and numeric stimuli (see SNARC effect) have identified an attentional bias induced by numeric stimuli in accordance with…
(more)
▼ Previous studies investigating interactions between spatial attention and numeric stimuli (see SNARC effect) have identified an attentional bias induced by numeric stimuli in accordance with a mental number line model of processing. This processing model attributes orienting effects induced by numeric stimuli to long-term memory structures, such as a left-to-right number system in a given culture. The present study aims to investigate long-term memory may modulate attentional biases induced by the contents in short-term memory. In other words, can simply thinking about number induce spatial biasing effects? In this study, dichotic listening is used to measure of spatial attention in the auditory modality. Subjects were given numeric items to retain in short term memory during the spatial attention task, and prompted to recall the numbers verbally after each trial. Factors of number magnitude, load size, interval size between numbers, and presentation order are analyzed in terms of their effect on auditory spatial orienting. Auditory spatial orienting is assessed through a measure of laterality index – a ratio of left/right ear responses indicating attention as allocated to the left or right side of space. Results demonstrated a clear influence of number magnitude and presentation order on auditory spatial attention, however these effects were highly variable depending on other factors present in each experiment. Overall, results suggest that in addition to SNARC based orienting responses, the orienting effects of items in short term memory on spatial attention may be influenced by novelty, interactions with language, and multiple neural mechanisms responsible for representing quantity information.
Advisors/Committee Members: Golob, Edward (Thesis advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Spatial Attention; Memory; School of Science & Engineering; Neuroscience; Masters
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APA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Anderson, M. M. (2014). Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory. (Masters Thesis). Tulane University. Retrieved from https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:27810
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Anderson, Maxwell M. “Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Tulane University. Accessed April 21, 2021.
https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:27810.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Anderson, Maxwell M. “Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Anderson MM. Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Tulane University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:27810.
Council of Science Editors:
Anderson MM. Biases In Auditory-spatial Attention Induced By Numbers In Short-term Memory. [Masters Thesis]. Tulane University; 2014. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:27810
University of Manchester
29.
Gray, Oliver.
Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention.
Degree: 2018, University of Manchester
URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:317291
► Healthy individuals tend to preferentially allocate attention to the left visual field (the pseudoneglect effect). This tendency has been closely linked with hemispheric specialisation of…
(more)
▼ Healthy individuals tend to preferentially allocate
attention to the left visual field (the pseudoneglect effect). This
tendency has been closely linked with hemispheric specialisation of
the right frontoparietal
attention network (FPA) (including the
lateral parietal cortex (LPC)). However, evidence is presented here
showing that engaging semantic processing (left hemisphere
specialised) during object recognition induces a right visual field
bias, a reversal of the pseudoneglect effect. Other factors have
also previously been shown to modulate the pseudoneglect effect;
e.g. target and observer proximity, and horizontal stimulus length.
A forced perspective misperception mechanism that directly links
these effects is introduced here for the first time. These findings
provide important developments in our understanding of LPC
processing in
spatial attention allocation. Though LPC engagement
has been widely observed in neuroimaging studies of episodic memory
retrieval, the functional role it plays in memory has been the
subject of intense debate. This is debate is first addressed
through a detailed systematic review of inferior parietal lobule
(IPL) activations observed in previous fMRI studies of episodic
memory. More consistent engagement of the right hemisphere IPL was
observed during perceptual memory experiences than during
semantic/conceptual memory experiences. The left hemisphere IPL
demonstrated the opposite effect. The debate is further addressed
by an fMRI study investigating the neural bases of retrieval of
detailed perceptual experiences without engaging
semantic/conceptual memory processing. As predicted, memory-related
processing produced right IPL activation, and deactivation in the
left IPL. Finally, a previously unrecognised association between
the hemispheric lateralisation of IPL processing in perceptual
memory retrieval and a memory advantage for items encoded on the
left side of space is presented. Critically, this advantage is
independent of perceptual pseudoneglect effects. Significant
correlations between memory tasks provide a mechanistic link
between representational pseudoneglect and the hemispheric
specialisation of memory retrieval processing. This body of
research is discussed with reference to hemispheric specialisation
and the functional organisation of the IPL and the LPC, in
attention and memory.
Advisors/Committee Members: MONTALDI, DANIELA D, Ryding, Daniella, Montaldi, Daniela.
Subjects/Keywords: Hemispheric Specialisation; Spatial Attention; Episodic Memory; Parietal; Pseudoneglect
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Gray, O. (2018). Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:317291
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gray, Oliver. “Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:317291.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gray, Oliver. “Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention.” 2018. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Gray O. Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:317291.
Council of Science Editors:
Gray O. Hemispheric Specialisation in the Parietal Cortex and its
Effect on Memory and Attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:317291
University of Georgia
30.
Siddiqui, Aisha Patrice.
Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency.
Degree: 2014, University of Georgia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26154
► The current study used an inhibition of return (IOR) paradigm to investigate the relationship between spatial attention and the magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways.…
(more)
▼ The current study used an inhibition of return (IOR) paradigm to investigate the relationship between spatial attention and the magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways. By selectively adapting participants to a particular spatial
frequency (1 cpd or 12 cpd), we expected to find differences in IOR values depending on how adaptation influenced visual pathway activity. Simple reaction times (RTs) to target onset were relatively equal across adaptation conditions, with RTs to 12 cpd
targets longer than RTs to 1 cpd targets. Target spatial frequency differences in IOR were not found. However, overall IOR was greater in the 1 cpd, relative to the 12 cpd adaptation condition and the control condition. These findings suggest adapting
the M-pathway using a low spatial frequency affected IOR more than adapting the P-pathway using a high spatial frequency.
Subjects/Keywords: spatial frequency adaptation; inhibition of return; covert attention; magnocellular & parvocellular pathways
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APA ·
Chicago ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Siddiqui, A. P. (2014). Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26154
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Siddiqui, Aisha Patrice. “Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed April 21, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26154.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Siddiqui, Aisha Patrice. “Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency.” 2014. Web. 21 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Siddiqui AP. Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 21].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26154.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Siddiqui AP. Effect of spatial frequency adaptation on location-based inhibition of return as a function of target spatial frequency. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26154
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
◁ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] ▶
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
