subject:(smoke)

Michigan State University

1. Porter, Roy Wayne. Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke.

Degree: PhD, Department of Food Science, 1963, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:37773

Subjects/Keywords: Smoke

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APA (6^th Edition):

Porter, R. W. (1963). Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke. (Doctoral Dissertation). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:37773

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Porter, Roy Wayne. “Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke.” 1963. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:37773.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Porter, Roy Wayne. “Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke.” 1963. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Porter RW. Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Michigan State University; 1963. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:37773.

Council of Science Editors:

Porter RW. Fractionation and identification of some compounds in wood smoke. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Michigan State University; 1963. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:37773

University of Edinburgh

2. Bittern, Adam. Novel smoke control for tall buildings.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25955

► Buildings are evolving in height, construction materials, use, and compartmental composition at staggering pace. The tall buildings of today are a completely different entity to… (more)

▼ Buildings are evolving in height, construction materials, use, and compartmental composition at staggering pace. The tall buildings of today are a completely different entity to that of a decade ago with the propensity for change even greater in the immediate future. The advancements in structural engineering have arisen to make possible the increase in height, size and complexity. Forensic analyses of tall building fires have indicated that the needs of modern tall buildings are beyond the scope of applicability of current fire safety codes and engineering practices. The ever increasing heights combined with the limited number of vertical escape routes results in these two components becoming coupled. The considerable time that occupants spend within the stairwells means that for any fire strategy to be successful stairwells must remain smoke and heat free and the entire building structurally sound. Without adequate protection the number and width of stairwells is irrelevant, as smoke-logged stairwells are unusable and the Fire Safety Strategy is therefore void. Reported failure rates for stairwell smoke control systems are extremely high, this implies that safe stairwell tenability levels are currently not guaranteed, thus the cornerstone of contemporary tall building fire safety design may not be valid. This research project investigates current smoke control methods used for the protection of stairs in tall buildings through the review of literature and theory for the methodologies. In understanding the design assumption and actual stresses smoke control systems are subjected to, a novel concept for smoke control will be presented, investigated and developed. It is intended that this work will become a proof of concept, or otherwise for the novel smoke control system. Several conceptual smoke control systems were developed around the following principles; localised solution to minimise under or over pressurisation of the stairwell, performance be independent of fire size, perform under extreme environmental conditions and be effective when protecting a fully open door. Three concepts were investigated using CFD modelling, these being: - Concept 1- vertical perimeter vents to the opening resulting in converging flow field - Concept 2 - concept 1 with the additional horizontal vent - Concept 3 – concept 2 with baffle chamber The preliminary modelling predicted that Concept 3 would provide the most robust solution. The provision of baffles provided stability to the vent flow which contained an area of high pressure within the baffle chamber, relatively to areas adjacent to the baffle chamber, this encouraged smoke flow away from the chamber. It appeared that the effectiveness of the system was a function of baffle flow and pressure load caused by wind and fire characteristics, the larger the pressure load across the door the greater the vent velocity required to limit or prevent smoke flow through the opening. Full-scale experiments were undertaken to prove in principle that the proposed baffle smoke control system…

Subjects/Keywords: 693.8; smoke control

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bittern, A. (2016). Novel smoke control for tall buildings. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25955

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bittern, Adam. “Novel smoke control for tall buildings.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25955.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bittern, Adam. “Novel smoke control for tall buildings.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bittern A. Novel smoke control for tall buildings. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25955.

Council of Science Editors:

Bittern A. Novel smoke control for tall buildings. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25955

Curtin University of Technology

3. Kennison, Kristen Renee. Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine .

Degree: 2011, Curtin University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1506

► Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine is an issue of increasing significance and severity for the wine industry internationally. On commencement of this research,… (more)

▼ Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine is an issue of increasing significance and severity for the wine industry internationally. On commencement of this research, insufficient knowledge existed as to the effects of smoke on grapevines and the development of smoke taint in wine, with no substantial published information. This research was undertaken to investigate the effect of smoke exposure to grapevines on the development of smoke aromas, flavours and compounds in final wines. As such, this study pioneers the purposeful application of smoke to grape bunches and field-grown grapevines to establish the direct link between smoke exposure and the development of smoke taint in wine.This research identified key periods of grapevine sensitivity to smoke uptake as: (1) from shoots 10 cm in length to full-bloom (low levels of smoke taint); (2) from berries pea size to the onset of veraison (variable levels of smoke taint); and (3) from 7 days post veraison to harvest (high levels of smoke taint). A novel smoke application methodology consisting of a smoke generator and greenhouse-grade tent was developed to facilitate the accurate application of smoke treatments to field-grown grapevines. Smoke treatments were applied to grapevines at key stages during the seasonal growth cycle, on repeated occasions and at a range of densities and durations.Elevated concentrations of guaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, eugenol and furfural were detected, by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, in wines made from fruit exposed to smoke; whereas these compounds were either not detected or detected in trace concentrations in wines produced from unsmoked (control) fruit. Wine sensory analysis established a difference between smoked and unsmoked wines, with smoked wines exhibiting ‘smoky’, ‘dirty’, ‘earthy’, ‘burnt’ and ‘smoked meat’ aromas. The density and duration of smoke exposure to grapevines was found to affect the chemical composition and sensory properties of wine and repeated smoke applications demonstrated a cumulative effect.

Subjects/Keywords: wine; grapes; smoke exposure to grapevines; smoke aromas; flavours and compounds; Smoke derived taint

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kennison, K. R. (2011). Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine . (Thesis). Curtin University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1506

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kennison, Kristen Renee. “Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine .” 2011. Thesis, Curtin University of Technology. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1506.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kennison, Kristen Renee. “Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine .” 2011. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kennison KR. Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine . [Internet] [Thesis]. Curtin University of Technology; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1506.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kennison KR. Smoke derived taint in grapes and wine . [Thesis]. Curtin University of Technology; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1506

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Giachetti, Bastien. Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems.

Degree: Docteur es, Energétique, thermique, combustion, 2015, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0003

►

La compréhension des écoulements de fumées issus d’un foyer d’incendie au sein d’une station souterraine de métropolitain, en présence d’accès passagers et d’une ventilation mécanique… (more)

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La compréhension des écoulements de fumées issus d’un foyer d’incendie au sein d’une station souterraine de métropolitain, en présence d’accès passagers et d’une ventilation mécanique forcée,constitue l’objectif principal de ce présent mémoire. Deux maquettes basées sur le nombre de Froude (Fr) et sur le rapport de quantité de mouvement (r) sont mises en place. La première, préexistante,représente une station complète à échelle 1/30e et l’incendie y est simulé par un brûleur air-butane. Cependant, l’analyse y est limitée à une approche globale et le manque d’information sur le développement des écoulements internes est préjudiciable. Une seconde maquette adonc été développée, version simplifiée de la précédente, permettant d’étudier finement (vitesse,température) la confrontation entre un jet chaud vertical et un écoulement froid traversier. Cette approche expérimentale est complétée par des simulations numériques LES permettant d’accéder aux champs 3D. Les études réalisées ont mis en évidence 4 paramètres influents couplés : la différence de hauteur station-tunnel (H/H0), le débit de ventilation, le nombre et la position des accès et le réseau hydraulique du tunnel amont. Quelle que soit la configuration, un débit d’extraction« critique » peut-être mis en place pour contrer la contamination thermique des accès, définissant ainsi un facteur r « critique ». De plus, les écoulements dans les accès et dans la station sont dépendants de leur nombre et de leur position : suivant les configurations, deux ou trois régimes sont obtenus. Enfin, la représentativité du réseau présente une forte influence sur les écoulements internes.

Smoke spreading in an underground subway station is analyzed and studied by taking into account parameters such as passenger accesses and forced ventilation systems. Two sub-scale models are considered to arise such analysis ; based on the Froude number (Fr) or momentum ratio(r). The first experiment based on Froude number conservation is conducted on a 1/30e scale modelof a realistic subway station with fire provided from an air-butane burner. Due to restricted access to local temperature and velocity measurements, a second model was entirely developed during the course of this work ; the main issue is to study momentum ratio and thermal spreading. Numerical studies were in parallel carried out from an house-code LES turbulent model.Four main parameters were thus identified : tunnel/station height ratio (H/H0), ventilation massflowrate, number and position of accesses and hydraulic network in which the subway station islocated. « Critical » flowrate can be imposed in order to avoid thermal speading within the passenger accesses and consequently a critical factor was defined. The air/smoke flow is strongly linked to the number and position of accesses and also of the geometrical configuration. Two or three regimes can be identified. Finally internal flows in the accesses and in the station are also strongly influenced by the pressure drop of the hydraulic network.

Advisors/Committee Members: Couton, Dominique (thesis director), Plourde, Frédéric (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Ecoulements de fumées; Smoke Spreading

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APA (6^th Edition):

Giachetti, B. (2015). Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0003

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Giachetti, Bastien. “Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0003.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Giachetti, Bastien. “Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems.” 2015. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Giachetti B. Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0003.

Council of Science Editors:

Giachetti B. Etude expérimentale et numérique du développement d'un écoulement chaud vertical en milieu semi-confiné sous l'influence d'une ventilation mécanique. Application à une station de métropolitain : Experimental and Numerical Study of Smoke Spreading in an Underground Subway with Passenger Accesses and Forced Ventilation Systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique; 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015ESMA0003

Georgia Tech

5. Bankston, Clyde Perry. Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers.

Degree: PhD, Aeronautical Engineering, 1976, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12901

Subjects/Keywords: Smoke; Particles

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bankston, C. P. (1976). Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12901

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bankston, Clyde Perry. “Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers.” 1976. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12901.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bankston, Clyde Perry. “Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers.” 1976. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bankston CP. Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 1976. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12901.

Council of Science Editors:

Bankston CP. Determination of the physical characteristics of smoke particulates generated by burning polymers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 1976. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/12901

University of Edinburgh

6. Rowa-Dewar, Neneh. Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8067

► Following the implementation of the smokefree law in 2006, which formed part of the Smoking, Health and Social Care (Scotland) Act 2005, smoking in enclosed… (more)

▼ Following the implementation of the smokefree law in 2006, which formed part of the Smoking, Health and Social Care (Scotland) Act 2005, smoking in enclosed public spaces has been prohibited in Scotland. The law has led to a number of improvements in public health but does not cover homes and cars where children are primarily exposed. Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is associated with particularly significant risks to child health, yet few studies have explored children’s perspectives on SHS and smoking in the home and car. Comprising a qualitative exploration of the views and experiences of 38, 10- to 15-year-olds of SHS in the home and car, this thesis begins to address this gap. It addresses the nature and extent of children’s involvement in negotiating smoking restrictions, compares the understandings, experiences and involvement among participants living in communities of contrasting socioeconomic profiles and considers the implications for health promotion interventions aimed at reducing children’s exposure to SHS in the home and car. Informed by a Childhood Studies perspective, the study focuses, both in methods and content, on the voices and agency of the participants. Recruited from two Edinburgh communities with contrasting socioeconomic profiles, the participants were interviewed either individually, in pairs or in small focus groups about their understandings of SHS, smoking restrictions in their homes and cars and their role in negotiating them. Home floor plans constructed by the participants were used to prompt discussion and also served to identify spatial and temporal home smoking restrictions. Both discursive and thematic techniques were used in analysis. The thesis details the participants’ overt and covert strategies to resist family members’ smoking, demonstrating the active roles that participants describe in their accounts. While acknowledging SHS as a health risk and using an embodied language of disgust to describe it, the participants’ main concern was for their smoking family members’ health, rather than their own. Many participants also challenged the stigma surrounding smoking parents by detailing the ways in which their parents restricted where, how much and with whom they smoked. Parents were described as especially careful in protecting small children from SHS. While most participants described such protective practices, those from the disadvantaged area reported less stringent smoking restrictions that were more challenging to negotiate. Participants’ resistant (to smoking) and defensive (of parents who smoke) accounts may stem from the growing stigma associated with smoking, particularly smoking in the presence of children. Such findings highlight the importance of a sensitive and asset based public health response that acknowledges parents’ attempts to protect their children from SHS and recognises the potential of the active role of children in family negotiations around smoking in the home and car.

Subjects/Keywords: 362.29; children; secondhand smoke

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rowa-Dewar, N. (2013). Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8067

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rowa-Dewar, Neneh. “Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8067.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rowa-Dewar, Neneh. “Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car.” 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rowa-Dewar N. Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8067.

Council of Science Editors:

Rowa-Dewar N. Responsibility and resistance : children and young people's accounts of smoking in the home and car. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8067

University of British Columbia

7. Guthrie, David Alan. The removal of smokes and mists.

Degree: Master of Applied Science - MASc, Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1955, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40527

► A colorimetric quantitative analysis for di-n-octylphthalate and other aromatic esters has been developed which is capable of determining as little as 0.1 milligrams of an… (more)

▼ A colorimetric quantitative analysis for di-n-octylphthalate and other aromatic esters has been developed which is capable of determining as little as 0.1 milligrams of an ester. This method is based on the formation of hydroxamic acid from esters using hydroxylamine hydrochloride in an alkaline medium. On the addition of an acidified solution of ferric per-chlorate, a red-colored complex of ferric hydroxamate is formed, proportionate in intensity to the weight of ester present. Mist composed of di-n-octylphalate droplets of 0.869 microns average diameter was removed from air at substantially atmospheric temperature and pressure by passing the air up through a bed of 150/200 mesh silica gel fluidized in a 2-1/4 inch glass column. Removal efficiency, defined as the percent (by weight) removal of the mist was substantially independent of the entering concentration over the range 0.765 to 0.965 milligrams of ester per cubic foot of air. For a given bed, removal efficiency improved with decreasing superficial gas velocity. Two bed weights were used, 13.25 grams per square centimeter and 25.35 grams per square centimeter, and it was found that the removal efficiency was practically in dependent of the bed weights. The maximum removal efficiency was 88.8% at a superficial bed velocity of 3.2 centimeters per second and a bed weight of 13.25 grams per square centimeter. The same mist was removed by passing the gas stream through various venturi nozzles with ports in the throat through which fine silica gel (150/200 mesh) entered by gravity and aspiration into the gas stream. For the venturi nozzles the removal efficiency generally increased with increasing velocities; however, the maximum removal efficiency obtained was only about 40%. It is shown that the behavior and collection efficiences obtained with the two devices can be satisfactorily explained if the fluidized bed is assumed to collect the aerosol particles by diffusional processes only, and the venturi tube, by inertial processes only, at least for aerosol particles of the size used in this work. The problem of efficient removal of aerosol particles in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 microns diameter has still not been solved in an economical manner for many cases of industrial importance. The removal becomes even more difficult when the aerosol particles are fairly uniform in size. The purpose of the present work was to conduct a preliminary testing of new devices which might be more efficient for small particles than those now commonly used.

Subjects/Keywords: Smoke prevention

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guthrie, D. A. (1955). The removal of smokes and mists. (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40527

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guthrie, David Alan. “The removal of smokes and mists.” 1955. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40527.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guthrie, David Alan. “The removal of smokes and mists.” 1955. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Guthrie DA. The removal of smokes and mists. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1955. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40527.

Council of Science Editors:

Guthrie DA. The removal of smokes and mists. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1955. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40527

University of Cincinnati

8. Garg, Sushil. Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke.

Degree: MS, Engineering and Applied Science: Mechanical Engineering, 2013, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1383644990

► Wildfires exhibit threats of all magnitudes and types to life and property. Past records suggest inevitable need of complete situational awareness and importance of the… (more)

▼ Wildfires exhibit threats of all magnitudes and types to life and property. Past records suggest inevitable need of complete situational awareness and importance of the use of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) to improve the wildland fire management by using onboard digital cameras. This research work focuses on various video and image processing based solutions for improving the situational awareness during wildfire management. A major issue is the presence of smoke that occludes the hot spots in videos taken from such cameras. A novel approach for filtering smoke occlusions in fire image streams using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is presented. Images are reconstructed from video of scenes occluded by thick smoke. Assuming that the image of the wildfire is taken from a static camera, the smoke will be moving over a stream of images or a video but the background will be static. Using POD, the smoke is filtered out of the video and clear background with fire can be seen in the output images. Using POD, an infinite-dimensional process can be represented by using only a few number of "modes". Modes represent the energy of different component of the process and combining dominant components while leaving out the rest gives a good approximation of the original process. Effectiveness of technique is demonstrated by applying to a large number of sample videos. Smoke is sufficiently removed from the video with the background information intact.To further improve situational awareness, automated method for fire and smoke detection are presented. In recent years, there has been considerable development in vision-based systems for fire and smoke detection. Forest fire tracking using visual sensors require the ability to identify fire regions in imagery, and a model for fire and smoke identification using Fuzzy Logic based image processing is presented in this research work. The model is tested on a wide range of images containing fire and smoke regions and its effectiveness is demonstrated. The proposed model facilitates the development of a comprehensive fire and smoke detection system and is very attractive for military and civilian applications. Advisors/Committee Members: Kumar, Manish (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Engineering; Smoke Filter; Video Processing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Garg, S. (2013). Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke. (Masters Thesis). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1383644990

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Garg, Sushil. “Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Cincinnati. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1383644990.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Garg, Sushil. “Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke.” 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Garg S. Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Cincinnati; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1383644990.

Council of Science Editors:

Garg S. Video and Image Processing for Identification of Fire and Smoke. [Masters Thesis]. University of Cincinnati; 2013. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1383644990

Oklahoma State University

9. Sultana, Mst Sarmin. Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation.

Degree: Mechanical Engineering, 2013, Oklahoma State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15137

► Platelets play important role in hemostasis (physiological), thrombosis and atherosclerosis (pathological). Changes in functional responses of platelets, due to presence of biochemical and biomechanical agonists,… (more)

▼ Platelets play important role in hemostasis (physiological), thrombosis and atherosclerosis (pathological). Changes in functional responses of platelets, due to presence of biochemical and biomechanical agonists, can contribute in onset and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Secondhand smoke (SHS) and altered shear stress in the vasculature are considered as biochemical and biomechanical risk factors for CVD. Though previous studies have investigated the effects of these two factors on change of platelet functions, none of the study have focused on how SHS and altered shear stress together can modulate platelet activation and aggregation. The main objective of this study was to investigate the combined effect of SHS and altered shear stress on platelet functions. Experiments were conducted in vitro on platelets by applying constant (1 and 3 Pa) or physiologically relevant dynamic (normal and elevated) shear stress in a cone-plate shearing device for 60 min, with or without the exposure of SHS (smoke of 1 cigarette/5 L). Platelet activation was quantified by platelet surface P-selection expression using flow cytometry. Following the same procedure, platelet surface GPIbα and GPIIb expressions were also measured. Platelet aggregation parameters were measured from TRAP induced platelet aggregation using Chrono-log aggregometer. Simultaneously, Thromboxane B2 generation was quantified using a sandwich ELISA (enzyme immunoassay) approach. Results from this study indicated that, SHS enhanced shear induced platelet activation represented by enhanced platelet surface P-selectin expression. SHS with elevated constant (3Pa) shear stress significantly increased P-selectin expression. However, platelet surface GPIbα and GPIIb expressions remained unaffected in presence of the combined exposure. In addition, SHS and shear stress combinedly altered platelet aggregation response. Combined exposure of SHS and shear stress had no significant effect on accumulated Thromboxane B2. Thus, the observations of this study indicated that, exposure to environmental SHS can potentially cause detrimental effects on the cardiovascular system by enhancing platelet activation, especially in patients with CVD. Advisors/Committee Members: Santhanakrishnan, Arvind (advisor), Lloyd, Pamel G. (committee member), Hatami-Marbini, Hamed (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: platelet; secondhand smoke; shear stress

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sultana, M. S. (2013). Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation. (Thesis). Oklahoma State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15137

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sultana, Mst Sarmin. “Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation.” 2013. Thesis, Oklahoma State University. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15137.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sultana, Mst Sarmin. “Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation.” 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sultana MS. Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15137.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sultana MS. Combined Effect of Shear Stress and Secondhand Smoke on Platelet Activation and Aggregation. [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/15137

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Connecticut

10. Hammel, Christtopher. The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut.

Degree: MPH, Public Health, 2016, University of Connecticut

URL: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/899

► Background: Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure (STSE) has been associated with an increased incidence of asthma exacerbations, but the relationship between STSE and asthma severity… (more)

▼ Background: Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure (STSE) has been associated with an increased incidence of asthma exacerbations, but the relationship between STSE and asthma severity is less clear. Objective: To determine whether STSE is associated with asthma severity in children living in Connecticut who have physician-diagnosed asthma and to examine whether it is modified by common markers of community-level socioeconomic status (SES) using the Five Connecticuts study. Methods: The Easy Breathing database identified 32,691 children with physician-diagnosed asthma living in 161 towns in Connecticut. This large database was linked by participant zip code to census data, allowing classification by community, with the five categories described in the Five Connecticuts study were used as proxies for levels of SES. Statistical analysis involved multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for enrollment date, sex, age, race/ethnicity, community type, insurance type, family history of asthma, eczema, and exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke, dogs, cats, gas stove, rodents, and cockroaches. We modeled asthma severity according to the standard classification system of mild persistent, moderate persistent, severe persistent, or intermittent asthma subtypes. Results: For the Easy Breathing program participant, STSE was significantly associated with mild and moderate persistent asthma (aRRR: 1.09 [1.02, 1.17] and aRRR: 1.11 [1.02, 1.21] respectively). In analyses stratified by STSE, race/ethnicity (p=0.004) and insurance type (p Conclusion: Children with STSE in Connecticut who have Puerto Rican ethnicity or public insurance are at higher risk for moderate persistent asthma. This association did not hold for other degrees of asthma severity, including the more severe “severe persistent” subtype (for which there was insufficient power in our study), or for other indicators of SES. Given the unexpected absence of these further associations, further research is needed to illuminate the complex interrelationship between STSE, asthma severity, and SES. Our somewhat unexpected results were thought to reflect a complex picture in which race/ethnicity, environment, and development are all major factors for asthma severity, and also reiterated the ongoing question in asthma literature of whether different severities of asthma represent distinct disease entities. Advisors/Committee Members: David Gregorio, Michelle Cloutier, Jane Ungemack.

Subjects/Keywords: asthma; pediatrics; children; connecticut; secondhand; smoke; tobacco; environmental; ETS; smoke exposure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hammel, C. (2016). The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut. (Thesis). University of Connecticut. Retrieved from https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/899

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hammel, Christtopher. “The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut.” 2016. Thesis, University of Connecticut. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/899.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hammel, Christtopher. “The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hammel C. The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/899.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hammel C. The Relationship between Secondhand Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Asthma Severity among the Pediatric Population in Connecticut. [Thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2016. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/899

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New Mexico

11. Buettner-Schmidt, Kelly. A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study.

Degree: College of Nursing, 2013, University of New Mexico

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/23086

► The purpose of this study was to determine whether the location of hospitality venues considering; rurality, presence of local ordinances, and socioeconomic status, influenced… (more)

▼ The purpose of this study was to determine whether the location of hospitality venues considering; rurality, presence of local ordinances, and socioeconomic status, influenced the quantity of tobacco smoke pollution in a predominantly rural state. The study built on current scientific literature in four aspects. First, it was the first U.S. statewide study on tobacco smoke pollution levels in hospitality venues. Second, it quantified indoor tobacco smoke pollution specifically in rural areas. Third, it used random sampling, a method rarely used in studying indoor tobacco smoke pollution. Fourth, it analyzed tobacco smoke exposure as a function of socioeconomic status. A stratified random sample of 136 restaurant and bars were assessed, using a modification Roswell Cancer Park Institutes method, for the indoor air quality indicator of particulate matter that was 2.5 μm aerodynamic diameter or smaller (PM2.5). A unique partial mediation model found 69.1% of smoke-free policy's impact on tobacco smoke pollution was mediated by observed smoking and 30.9% was the direct impact of policy on tobacco smoke pollution levels. A significant association (Welch's F(2, 43.63) = 9.55, p < .001) between rurality and tobacco smoke pollution in bars was also observed. A significant association (R2 =0.51, F(3,131)=70.47, p < .001) between local smoke-free laws and tobacco smoke pollution depended upon the venue type. Compliance was significantly lower in venues in communities without local ordinances (Fisher's Exact Test, p< .01, 2-tailed) and in co-located venues (Fisher's Exact Test, p< .01, 2-tailed). In conclusion, smoke-free laws had an indirect and direct impact on tobacco smoke pollution. As rurality increased tobacco smoke pollution in bars significantly increased. The impact of local ordinances on tobacco smoke pollution levels depended on the venue type. Compliance with laws increased significantly in communities with a local ordinance and decreased significantly in co-located venues. Continued recognition of the disparities in exposure to tobacco smoke pollution in rural areas is needed. Future studies should determine if the mediation model can be replicated. Additional studies of tobacco smoke exposure and policy impact in rural areas are needed. Further research of poverty influences on tobacco smoke pollution levels in hospitality venues is recommended. Advisors/Committee Members: Lobo, Marie L, Ridenour, Nancy, Averill, Jennifer, Travers, Mark.

Subjects/Keywords: tobacco; smoke; public health; policy; nursing; particulate matter; secondhand smoke; Nursing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Buettner-Schmidt, K. (2013). A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New Mexico. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1928/23086

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Buettner-Schmidt, Kelly. “A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New Mexico. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1928/23086.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Buettner-Schmidt, Kelly. “A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study.” 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Buettner-Schmidt K. A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/23086.

Council of Science Editors:

Buettner-Schmidt K. A Rural Tobacco Smoke Pollution Study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New Mexico; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1928/23086

Georgia Tech

12. Zheng, Lu. Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data.

Degree: PhD, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2014, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52338

► We developed a fully-coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE by incorporating a selection of smoke emission models and improving the representations of aerosol-cloud interactions in the microphysics… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Wildfires; Biomass burning; Smoke aerosols; Smoke-cloud interaction; Radiation; Precipitation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zheng, L. (2014). Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52338

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zheng, Lu. “Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52338.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zheng, Lu. “Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data.” 2014. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zheng L. Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52338.

Council of Science Editors:

Zheng L. Examining the impact of wildfire smoke aerosol on clouds, precipitation, and radiative fluxes in Northern America and Russia using a fully coupled meso-scale model WRF-Chem-SMOKE and satellite data. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/52338

13. Muthumalage, Thivanka M. Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice.

Degree: 2016, University of Nevada – Reno

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11714/2292

► The annual number of deaths related to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure exceeds 40,000 in the United States. Exposure to SHS primarily occurs in homes and… (more)

▼ The annual number of deaths related to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure exceeds 40,000 in the United States. Exposure to SHS primarily occurs in homes and work places. Public places of exposure to SHS include restaurants, bars and casinos due to lack of smoke-free laws. Approximately 7000 chemicals have been identified as constituents of SHS, of which 250 are known to be toxic and 70 as carcinogens. Exposure to these harmful chemicals can result in cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer. The critics of smoking bans have proposed air filtration systems as a viable solution to eliminate the risk of exposure to SHS. In this project, one of the primary objectives was to assess the effects of commonly used air filters, MERV 4 fiberglass, MERV 8 pleated and MERV 8 pleated activated charcoal on SHS and its biological effects. SHS was generated using a TE-10 smoke machine system, and the total suspended particulates, the smaller respirable particles and the carbon monoxide concentrations were measured in filtered smoke. Our results showed that these filters failed to remove these components of SHS. We also examined the physiological responses caused by exposure to SHS. Using murine models, the oxidative stress and the inflammatory responses caused by SHS exposure were assessed. In order to assess the oxidative stress response caused by the free radicals in SHS, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation products (MDA+HAE) in the lung homogenates were quantified. GSH and MDA+HAE in the lung tissues were chosen as the appropriate biomarkers to assess the oxidative stress by SHS. For the assessment of the inflammatory response, interleukin 1 beta (IL-1), interleukin 6 (IL-6), granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-) cytokines were quantified in the bronchoalveolarlavage (BAL) fluid. TNF-α in the BAL fluid was chosen the appropriate biomarker to assess the inflammatory response due to SHS. Exposure to SHS caused significantly upregulated oxidative stress response and a suppressed cytokine response. The attenuated cytokine response displayed characteristics of endotoxin tolerance/cross tolerance. The tested air filters were unable to remove the oxidative stress response in the lung homogenates. The tested filters also failed to protect against the suppression of cytokine response due to SHS. Our results showed that exposure to SHS causes a complex oxidative stress and an inflammatory response and that these commonly used air filters failed to protect against the SHS exposure. Advisors/Committee Members: Pritsos, Chris A. (advisor), Pritsos, Chris A. (committee member), Hunter, Kenneth W. (committee member), Redelman, Douglas (committee member), Miller, Glenn C. (committee member), Sagebiel, John C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental tobacco smoke; Immunotoxicology; Inhalation Toxiology; Secondhand smoke

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APA (6^th Edition):

Muthumalage, T. M. (2016). Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. (Thesis). University of Nevada – Reno. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11714/2292

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muthumalage, Thivanka M. “Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice.” 2016. Thesis, University of Nevada – Reno. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11714/2292.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muthumalage, Thivanka M. “Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Muthumalage TM. Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Nevada – Reno; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11714/2292.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Muthumalage TM. Effects of commonly used air filters on secondhand tobacco smoke and the induction of oxidative stress and inflammation in mice. [Thesis]. University of Nevada – Reno; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11714/2292

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Rhode Island College

14. Davis, Gail. The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12.

Degree: MSN, 2017, Rhode Island College

URL: https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/etd/247

► This project analyzes the impact of smoke-free family public housing on the respiratory health of children ages 0 – 12. The purpose of this… (more)

Subjects/Keywords:

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APA (6^th Edition):

Davis, G. (2017). The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12. (Masters Thesis). Rhode Island College. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/etd/247

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Davis, Gail. “The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Rhode Island College. Accessed January 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/etd/247.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Davis, Gail. “The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Davis G. The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Rhode Island College; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/etd/247.

Council of Science Editors:

Davis G. The Impact of Smoke Free Housing on Sick Visits and Hospitalization for Respiratory Illness in Children Ages 0-12. [Masters Thesis]. Rhode Island College; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.ric.edu/etd/247

15. Lidón Moyano, Cristina. Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure.

Degree: Departament de Ciències Bàsiques, 2017, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462808

► In Spain, two smoke-free laws have been passed after the approval of the FCTC. In 2005, it came into effect a smoke-free legislation (Law 28/2005).… (more)

▼ In Spain, two smoke-free laws have been passed after the approval of the FCTC. In 2005, it came into effect a smoke-free legislation (Law 28/2005). This law was a great advance for public health in Spain; however, it was not complete in terms of health protection to secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure because it allowed smoking in hospitality sectors according to size of venues. The scientific evaluation of this law showed the need to promote a total ban and motivate the modification of the law in 2010 (Law 42/2010), extending the smoke-free regulation to all hospitality venues without exception and to some outdoors areas, including hospital premises, educational campuses, and playgrounds. The objectives of this doctoral thesis were: To assess the impact of the Spanish smoking legislations (Law 28/2005 and Law 42/2010) on tobacco epidemic (changes in consumption, dependence, motivation to quit and smoking cessation) among smokers of a general population cohort through self-reported information and biomarkers. To evaluate the impact of the Spanish tobacco control legislation on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (self-reported and according to levels of cotinine in saliva) on non-smokers in a cohort population. To analyze the changes in the pattern of passive smoking of the non-smokers (displacement of exposure at workplace and leisure time to home) according to age, sex, and socioeconomic level. To analyze the correlation between the implementation of tobacco control policies and tobacco consumption, particularly rolling tobacco, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) users and the intent to quit smoking in 27 countries of the European Union. To describe the acceptability of the recently implemented tobacco products regulations and to explore their relation with tobacco control legislation levels in Europe. The results of this doctoral thesis has been conducted through seven scientific articles, four of them published in journals indexed in Web of Science and three of them in peer review in journals indexed in Web of Science (please see the Section Scientific Articles of this thesis). Moreover, during my training in this doctoral thesis I got involved in other two articles one published and the other in peer review, both in journals indexed in Web of Science. In conclusion, the implementation of the two smoke-free legislations in Spain is related to a reduction in smoking prevalence and SHS exposure (either using salivary cotinine concentrations or information on self-reported exposure). However, the consumption of other tobacco products, particularly hand-rolled tobacco, has increased specially among young population. A significant increase was found in the salivary cotinine concentration among adult continuing smokers after both Spanish legislations. After the implementation of the two Spanish smoke-free bans, the main setting of SHS is in the leisure time and in work, where most of the exposed ones declared expending most of the time outdoor and not having specific areas for smokers. However, cotinine… Advisors/Committee Members: [email protected] (authoremail), false (authoremailshow), Martínez-Sánchez, José María (director), true (authorsendemail).

Subjects/Keywords: Smoke-free legislation; Smoking; Secondhand smoke; Cotinine; Biomarker; Smoke-free home; Tobacco Control Scale; Rolling tobacco; E-cigarrete; Attitudes; 614

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lidón Moyano, C. (2017). Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure. (Thesis). Universitat Internacional de Catalunya. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462808

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lidón Moyano, Cristina. “Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure.” 2017. Thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462808.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lidón Moyano, Cristina. “Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lidón Moyano C. Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462808.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lidón Moyano C. Evaluation of the impact of Spanish smoking legislation on tobacco consumption and passive exposure. [Thesis]. Universitat Internacional de Catalunya; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/462808

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Texas – Austin

16. -1564-4768. Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks.

Degree: MSin Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2019, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2845

► This report seeks to develop a offline program that continually updates smoke testing for a large codebase in order to produce a rapidly-evolving smoke test… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Testing; Smoke testing; Software; 0-1 knapsack problem; Test selection; Smoke Selector; Offline smoke testing program

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APA (6^th Edition):

-1564-4768. (2019). Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2845

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

-1564-4768. “Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2845.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

-1564-4768. “Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks.” 2019. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

-1564-4768. Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2845.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Council of Science Editors:

-1564-4768. Optimization of smoke testing through data and knapsacks. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2019. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2845

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

University of Otago

17. Hasmun, Noren Nor. Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health .

Degree: 2011, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1920

► Background: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been associated with a number of negative health outcomes for children, including sudden infant death syndrome, upper and lower… (more)

▼ Background: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been associated with a number of negative health outcomes for children, including sudden infant death syndrome, upper and lower respiratory illnesses, middle ear diseases, asthma and also non-respiratory illnesses such as attention deficit/hyperactivity and irritable bowel syndrome. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the potential impact of ETS on dental caries. However the findings have not been conclusive enough to confirm that passive smoking exposure contributes to dental caries, especially in children. Exposure to ETS also has been associated with other oral diseases in children including dental hard tissue anomalies, periodontal disease, and melanin pigmentation of the gingiva. Objective: The aims of this study were firstly to determine the association between exposure to ETS and the prevalence of oral diseases (including dental caries, dental hard tissue anomalies, periodontal disease and gingival melanin pigmentation) in preschool aged children with and without exposure to ETS. The second aim was to compare the levels of known cariogenic bacteria and Candida albicans in supragingival plaque and saliva and the levels of total salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in children who had been exposed to ETS and those who had never been exposed to ETS. Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the child’s current and previous illnesses, oral health behaviours, dietary habits, parental smoking behaviours and parents’ dental history. Supragingival plaque samples were collected prior to an intraoral examination, using an interproximal tooth brush (Colgate®). The intraoral examination involved examination of teeth present in the mouth, dental caries, enamel defects, gingival health, melanin pigmentation and other intraoral soft tissues. Stimulated saliva was collected using a cylinder saliva collector (Salivette™, Sarstedt, Inc.). Supragingival plaque and saliva were cultured on Mutans Selective Agar (MSA), Rogosa Agar (RA) and CHROMagar to determine the levels of Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and Candida albicans. Total SIgA levels were quantified using indirect competitive ELISA with a Salimetrics™ kit. Results: Forty-four children (aged 15 to 69 months) were included in this study. They were divided into two groups: ETS and non-ETS (control) based on their exposure to ETS. There were 22 children in each group. Sixteen children who had been exposed to ETS throughout pregnancy and after they were born were identified in an ETSB subgroup. More males than females were found to have had upper respiratory tract and middle ear infections during the neonatal period. Exposure to ETS was a risk factor of having these illnesses during this period. After six months, although the children who had been exposed to ETS reported more medical conditions than the non-exposed children, the difference was not statistically significant. It was found that mothers who smoked either never breastfed their children or breastfed their children for… Advisors/Committee Members: Drummond, Bernadette K (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: environmental tobacco smoke; preschool oral health

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hasmun, N. N. (2011). Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1920

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hasmun, Noren Nor. “Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1920.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hasmun, Noren Nor. “Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health .” 2011. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hasmun NN. Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1920.

Council of Science Editors:

Hasmun NN. Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Preschool Oral Health . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1920

University of Utah

18. Anderson, Rex Nelson. Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke.

Degree: Mechanical Engineering, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/163/rec/716

temp

Subjects/Keywords: Smoke prevention; Furnaces

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anderson, R. N. (n.d.). Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke. (Masters Thesis). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/163/rec/716

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anderson, Rex Nelson. “Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke.” Masters Thesis, University of Utah. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/163/rec/716.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anderson, Rex Nelson. “Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke.” Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Anderson RN. Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Utah; [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/163/rec/716.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Anderson RN. Investigation of coal burning equipment designed to burn Utah coal without the emission of smoke. [Masters Thesis]. University of Utah; Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd1/id/163/rec/716

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

University of California – San Diego

19. Ahn, Sae Jeong. Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure.

Degree: Biology, 2016, University of California – San Diego

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94x6925t

► Cigarette smoking is one of the leading preventable causes of death in the United States. It is well recognized that cigarette smoking alters the human… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Cigarette smoke; pathogenicity; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; virulence

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ahn, S. J. (2016). Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94x6925t

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ahn, Sae Jeong. “Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94x6925t.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ahn, Sae Jeong. “Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ahn SJ. Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94x6925t.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ahn SJ. Alterations in Pathogenicity Factors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Response to Cigarette Smoke Exposure. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/94x6925t

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

20. Tong, Hoi-ning, Mandy. Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure.

Degree: 2009, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56951

Subjects/Keywords: Tobacco smoke pollution.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tong, Hoi-ning, M. (2009). Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tong, Hoi-ning, Mandy. “Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure.” 2009. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tong, Hoi-ning, Mandy. “Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure.” 2009. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tong, Hoi-ning M. Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tong, Hoi-ning M. Evidence-based practice guidelines: nurses' interventions for care-takers of paediatric in-patients to reducechildren's environmental tobacco smoke exposure. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Rochester

21. Duffney, Parker. Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35799

► Exposure to cigarette smoke has been linked to numerous lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is characterized by persistent lung inflammation in… (more)

▼ Exposure to cigarette smoke has been linked to numerous lung diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is characterized by persistent lung inflammation in the small airways (chronic bronchitis) and alveolar destruction (emphysema) leading to progressive loss of lung function. Pathogenic stimuli, including viral infection, are known to trigger exacerbations of COPD, typified by acute increases in inflammation and lung function decline. These exacerbations are the leading cause of hospitalization and death related to COPD. Epidemiological studies link exposure to cigarette smoke to increased incidence and severity of pulmonary viral infections. There remains a need for effective therapies to prevent exacerbations in those at high risk, yet, the effect of cigarette smoke on antiviral responses in the lung is not well characterized. Epithelial cells are the first line of defense against inhaled toxicants and are the target for many respiratory pathogens. I hypothesized that cigarette smoke impairs the antiviral response in lung epithelial cells in response to viral challenge thus leading to greater infectivity. We investigated the effect of cigarette smoke exposure on anti-viral signaling pathways in vitro using primary human small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) and utilizing a novel, state-of-the-art, air-liquid interface system and 3D lung slice cultures. We found that cigarette smoke exposure suppressed the production of various pro-inflammatory and anti-viral markers. Investigation of antiviral signaling pathways led to the identification of altered cleavage of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) in smoke exposed SAEC. This impaired cleavage was sufficient to disrupt production of antiviral mediators. Further studies show a role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the immunosuppressive actions of cigarette smoke and show that treatment with pro-resolving mediators may represent a novel therapeutic to combat smoke-induced suppression of anti-viral responses. We also identified dysregulation in multiple endocytic pathways, which regulate cell signaling and immune detection which could be new therapeutic targets to restore proper signaling in smoke-exposed cells. In an in vivo mouse model of cigarette smoke exposure and infection with fluorescent reporter influenza viruses, cigarette smoke-exposed mice had in increased inflammation and greater spread of both an attenuated and wild type (WT) influenza A virus (IAV). Isolated epithelial cells from smoke exposed, IAV infected mice showed impairments in inflammatory and antiviral markers whereas isolated leukocytes were unimpaired. Taken together our data shows that cigarette smoke impairs epithelial responses to viral infection concurrent with alteration in TLR3 signaling and dysregulation of endocytic pathways.

Subjects/Keywords: CIgarette smoke; Epithelium; Influenza A virus; COPD

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Duffney, P. (2020). Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35799

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Duffney, Parker. “Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35799.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Duffney, Parker. “Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection.” 2020. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Duffney P. Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35799.

Council of Science Editors:

Duffney P. Cigarette Smoke Dysregulates Innate-Immune Responses in Epithelial Cells to Viral Infection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35799

22. Aparecido Filho, Arnaldo. Fuligens.

Degree: Mestrado, Poéticas Visuais, 2009, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05112009-120441/ ;

Imagens desenhadas com fuligem de fumaça sobre lâminas de vidro transparente, cujo conjunto sugere imagem em volume

Drawings with smoke dust on glass blades set suggesting volume

Advisors/Committee Members: Jardim, Evandro Carlos Frasca Poyares.

Subjects/Keywords: Escultura; Fuligem; Fumaça; Glass; Sculpture; Smoke; Vidro

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Aparecido Filho, A. (2009). Fuligens. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05112009-120441/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aparecido Filho, Arnaldo. “Fuligens.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05112009-120441/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aparecido Filho, Arnaldo. “Fuligens.” 2009. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Aparecido Filho A. Fuligens. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05112009-120441/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Aparecido Filho A. Fuligens. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05112009-120441/ ;

McMaster University

23. Nikota, Jake (James Kenneth). Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice.

Degree: PhD, 2014, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/16454

►

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with the potential to afflict as many as half of the… (more)

▼

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, with the potential to afflict as many as half of the 1.1 billion smokers in the world. The inflammatory response to cigarette smoke is believed to mediate the progressive and irreversible loss of lung function that characterizes COPD. The greatest burden of the disease arises from episodes of worsened symptoms and inflammation, usually triggered by microbial infection. Currently, the mechanisms that drive cigarette smoke-induced inflammation are being elucidated but ambiguity remains about this response and the inflammatory response engaged in a smoke-exposed lung experiencing a microbial infection. This thesis sought to investigate inflammatory mediators induced by cigarette smoke and those induced by bacteria, the most common cause of infectious exacerbations of COPD, in the context of smoke exposure. In chapter two we investigated the role of Breast Regression Protein-39 (BRP-39), a gene commonly observed to be increased under inflammatory conditions, in the inflammatory response to cigarette smoke. In order to determine the mechanisms of BRP-39 induction, its expression and inflammation was assessed in IL-13, IL-18, and IL-1R1 deficient mice. BRP-39 was found to be redundant in cigarette smoke-induced inflammation, but these data confirmed that IL-1R1 was a crucial mediator of this response. After examining the inflammatory response elicited by smoke alone, we investigated the importance of IL-1 signaling in a model of bacterial exacerbation of cigarette smoke-induced inflammation. We found that the exacerbated neutrophilia that typifies the response of a smoke-exposed lung to bacteria was dependent on IL-1α-mediated production of the CXCR2 ligand CXCL5. This study identified the unique phenomenon that cigarette smoke primes alveolar macrophages to produce excessive amounts of IL-1α in response to bacterial stimuli. The purpose of the final study of the thesis was to more comprehensively characterize the extent to which cigarette smoke changes the phenotype of macrophages. Examining total gene expression by microarray found that smoke-exposed alveolar macrophages were in a proliferative state expressing a unique profile of inflammatory mediators. Further analysis revealed that this was likely the result of a pulmonary environment rich in growth factors. Taken together, these data provide detail to the understanding of the biological process of inflammation that drives the pathogenesis of COPD. These studies identify a phenomenon that predisposes smokers to experience more severe responses to bacteria and reinforces the targeting of IL-1 signaling in the treatment of COPD.

Thesis

Doctor of Philosophy (Medical Science)

Advisors/Committee Members: Stampfli, Martin, Medical Sciences (Molecular Virology and Immunology Program).

Subjects/Keywords: inflammation; cigarette smoke; macrophage; neutrophil; bacteria; COPD

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nikota, J. (. K. (2014). Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/16454

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nikota, Jake (James Kenneth). “Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/16454.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nikota, Jake (James Kenneth). “Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice.” 2014. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nikota J(K. Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/16454.

Council of Science Editors:

Nikota J(K. Mechanisms of Cigarette Smoke-Induced Inflammation and the Exacerbated Response to Bacteria in Mice. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/16454

University of Newcastle

24. Harrison, Celeste Louise. Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Newcastle

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1343065

►

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Background: Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide,… (more)

▼

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Background: Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer, and leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide, but its development is currently poorly understood. A combination of environmental factors, such as cigarette smoking, and genetic susceptibility is thought to result in uncontrolled cellular growth and tumourigenesis. Current treatments are poorly effective. Clinically relevant animal models are urgently needed to increase our understanding of lung cancer pathogenesis, as well as to test novel therapeutic compounds. Hypothesis and Aims: We hypothesised that our published technique for cigarette smoke (CS) exposure, which induces the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a short time frame (8 weeks) would provide a good platform to develop new mouse models of lung cancer. Thus, the aim of this project was to develop a clinically relevant mouse model of lung cancer that is induced by a nicotine derived carcinogen, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) challenge and/or CS exposure in a genetically susceptible yet wild type mouse strain that recapitulates typical drivers of tumorigenesis. Methods: A/J mice were challenged with low and high doses of NNK (50-100mg/kg, up to three times) via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, and chronically exposed to CS for up to 20 weeks. Air rest (non-CS exposure) periods were included after smoking cessation for up to 16 weeks duration. The development of lung tumours was assessed by histological analysis of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained lung section. COPD disease features were determined by assessment of inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage, emphysema by mean linear intercept technique, and lung function analysis. Factors associated with inflammation, cancer, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were examined by qPCR for messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling; and immunohistochemistry, immunoblot, and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for protein analysis. Results: Low dose NNK challenge (50-70mg/kg, single i.p. injection) induced bronchoalveolar adenomas in 33.33% of A/J mice after 14 weeks, which increased to 66.66% after 22 weeks, and 85.71% after 36 weeks. Tumour incidence or multiplicity was not increased by CS exposure for 8, 12, or 20 weeks, with air rest periods of 6, 10 and 16 weeks respectively. High dose NNK challenge (100mg/kg, 3 i.p. injections) also induced bronchoalveolar adenomas in 83.3% of A/J mice after just 8 weeks, where CS exposure of the same period without inclusion of an air rest period significantly suppressed tumour development. With the inclusion of an 8 week air rest period after 8 weeks of CS exposure, tumour incidence was 100% in both groups challenged with high dose NNK, and CS exposure increased tumour multiplicity, although not statistically. Increasing the air rest period after smoking cessation and lowering the dose of NNK challenge did not alter this outcome. Importantly, 8 weeks of CS exposure…

Advisors/Committee Members: University of Newcastle. Faculty of Health & Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy.

Subjects/Keywords: lung cancer; cigarette smoke; tobacco; adenocarcinoma

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Harrison, C. L. (2017). Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Newcastle. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1343065

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Harrison, Celeste Louise. “Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Newcastle. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1343065.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Harrison, Celeste Louise. “Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Harrison CL. Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1343065.

Council of Science Editors:

Harrison CL. Investigating the mechanisms of tobacco cigarette smoke induced lung cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1343065

NSYSU

25. Wang, Jhen-Yu. Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films.

Degree: Master, Physics, 2018, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0728118-133032

► From previous research for theoretical calculation of Spin Reorientation Transition (SRT) on Co/Au(111) system, we know the SRT thickness is at 1.0973 nm, which is… (more)

▼ From previous research for theoretical calculation of Spin Reorientation Transition (SRT) on Co/Au(111) system, we know the SRT thickness is at 1.0973 nm, which is approximately 5 ML. In this experiment, using photo emission electron microscopy (PEEM) and surface magneto-optic Kerr effect (SMOKE), the image of magnetic domain evolution of Co/Au(111) system is mapped out, and the SRT region at 4.5 - 5.5 ML is determined. The result corresponds the theoretic calculation result. By SMOKE, we found that at lower thickness of Co, the out-of-plane hysteresis loop exists. The out-of-plane loop is shrinking with increase of Co thickness. At 6.8-7.3 ML Co, the out-of-plane and in-plane hysteresis loops co-exist. And the in-plane loop becomes larger with increase of Co thickness. After exceeds 7.3 ML Co layer, the out-of-plane loop disappears. With this result, we know that the spin reorientation is from out-of-plane to in-plane. And the reason which the thickness is not match PEEM data, is inferred by accumulation error by moving the sample in long range, or the impact from geometry of sample in MOKE measuring. Also, the wasp-waisted hysteresis loops in MOKE are discovered during SRT region, which means that the competition of components between out-of-plane and in-plane appear, and both of the loops are overlapped. On the other hands, in order to solve the problem for adding external magnetic field when doing PEEM measurement, we gave a trial. We deposited another ferromagnetic material on Co/Au(111) system, which is Fe, and tried to use controlling Au thickness between Co and Fe layer to adjust the effect from Fe layer. The objective is to see the interaction between Fe and original system. From this test, itâs been observed that domains on Co and Fe are ferromagnetic coupling, and Au didnât contribute for adjusting the Fe influence. This phenomenon may be caused by the lack of thickness of Au layer or the shift of SRT region with ferromagnetic coupling. Advisors/Committee Members: Chii-Bin Wu (chair), Chien-Cheng Kuo (committee member), Yi-Ying Lu (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: PEEM; Co Wedge; SRT; SMOKE; Ferromagnetic Coupling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, J. (2018). Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0728118-133032

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Jhen-Yu. “Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films.” 2018. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0728118-133032.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Jhen-Yu. “Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films.” 2018. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang J. Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0728118-133032.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang J. Evolution of the Magnetic Domain with Co Thickness for the Fe/Au/Co/Au(111) Ultrathin Films. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2018. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0728118-133032

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Pretoria

26. Mutepe, Ndiafhi Daphney. Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin.

Degree: Immunology, 2011, University of Pretoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31100

► AFRIKAANS : Streptococcus pneumoniae is ‘n algemene menslike patogeen, wat ernstige en soms lewensbedreigende lugweg infeksies veroorsaak. Alhoewel die meeste pasiënte geskikte antimikrobiese chemoterapie ontvang,… (more)

▼ AFRIKAANS : Streptococcus pneumoniae is ‘n algemene menslike patogeen, wat ernstige en soms lewensbedreigende lugweg infeksies veroorsaak. Alhoewel die meeste pasiënte geskikte antimikrobiese chemoterapie ontvang, sterf ‘n betekenisvolle hoeveelheid steeds. Sigaretrook is ‘n welbekende risikofaktor vir ernstige pneumokokkale pneumonie; die mikrobiologiese/ immunologiese meganisme wat rokers vatbaar maak vir infeksie word egter nog nie heeltemal verstaan nie. Die pneumokokkale toksien, pneumolisien, is ‘n belangrike virulensie faktor van S. pneumoniae; dit vorm porieë in die eukariotiese selmembrane wat ‘n invloei van ekstrasellulêre Ca2+ tot gevolg het. Biofilm is ‘n self-genererende polimeermatriks, wat deur mikrobiese patogene gebruik word om hulself teen gasheerverdedigings meganismes en antibiotika te isoleer. In hierdie verhandeling word die uitwerking van sigaretrook kondensaat (SRK) op die bioaktiwiteit van pneumolisien, asook die effekte op groei en die produksie van biofilm deur S. pneumoniae, beskryf. ‘n Kliniese isolaat van S. pneumoniae, stam 172, is gebruik vir beide groei en biofilm bepalings, in die teenwoordigheid en afwesigheid van SRK (20-160 μg/ml), wat verteenwoordigend van die rook gewoonte is. Groei en biofilm bepalings is uitgevoer deur gebruik te maak van spektrofotometriese prosedures, lewensvatbaarheid, deur standard kolonievormende eenheid prosedures, en die effek van die kondensaat op die pneumolisien bioaktiwiteit, deur fura-2/AM-gebaseerde spektrofluorometriese prosedures. Blootstelling van die pneumokokkus aan SRK het in ‘n dosis-verwante verhoging in biofilm-formasie tot gevolg gehad, wat statistiese betekenisvolheid (P≤0.05) bereik het teen konsentrasies van 80 en 160 μg/ml, teenoor die agtergrond van beskeie effekte op bakteriële groei. Hierdie bevindinge is nie uniek aan S. pneumoniae nie, aangesien blootstelling van Staphylococcus aureus, ‘n bekende biofilm-vormer, aan SRK soortgelyke resultate gelewer het. Blootstelling van pneumolisien aan SRK (20-160 μg/ml) was geassosieer met die verswakking van die biologiese aktiwiteit van die toksien, met verminderde porie-vormende vermoë, wat gemanifesteer het met ‘n ongelooflike verlaging in die invloei van ekstrasellulêre Ca2+ na die blootstelling van geïsoleerde neutrofiele aan die toksien. Dit is moontlik dat die SRK as ‘n stressor vir die bakterieë optree, en daardeur biofilm formasie en gevolglik hardnekkige infeksies in die lugweg tot sellulêre gasheervededing beïnvloed. Hierdie effekte op die toksien mag gekomplimenteer word deur die inaktivering van pneumolisien, heelwaarskynlik deur pro-oksidatiewe meganismes, wat die vatbaarheid van rokers om ernstige pneumokokkale infeksies te ontwikkel, beklemtoon. Advisors/Committee Members: Cockeran, Riana (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Cigarette smoke; Sigaretrook; Streptococcus pneumoniae; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mutepe, N. D. (2011). Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31100

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mutepe, Ndiafhi Daphney. “Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31100.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mutepe, Ndiafhi Daphney. “Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin.” 2011. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mutepe ND. Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31100.

Council of Science Editors:

Mutepe ND. Effects of cigarette smoke condensate on the growth of and production of biofilm by Streptococcus pneumoniae and on the bioactivity of pneumolysin. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31100

Colorado State University

27. Levin, Ezra JT. Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming.

Degree: PhD, Atmospheric Science, 2013, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/78833

► The Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming enjoy some of the cleanest air in the United States, with few local sources of particulate matter or… (more)

▼ The Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming enjoy some of the cleanest air in the United States, with few local sources of particulate matter or its precursors apart from fire emissions, windblown dust, and biogenic emissions. However, anthropogenic influences are also present with sources as diverse as the populated Front Range, large isolated power plants, agricultural emissions, and more recently emissions from increased oil and gas exploration and production. While long-term data exist on the bulk composition of background fine particulate matter at remote sites in the region, few long-term observations exist of aerosol size distributions, number concentrations and size resolved composition, although these characteristics are closely tied to important water resource issues through the potential aerosol impacts on clouds and precipitation. Recent modeling work suggests sensitivity of precipitation-producing systems to the availability of aerosols capable of serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN); however, model inputs for these aerosols are not well constrained due to the scarcity of data. In this work I present aerosol number and volume concentrations, size distributions, chemical composition and hygroscopicity measurements from long-term field campaigns. I also explore the volatility of organic material from biomass burning and the potential impacts on aerosol loading. Relevant aerosol observations were obtained in several long-term field studies: the Rocky Mountain Atmospheric Nitrogen and Sulfur study (RoMANS, Colorado), the Grand Tetons Reactive Nitrogen Deposition Study (GrandTReNDS, Wyoming) and as part of the Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics & Nitrogen project (BEACHON, Colorado). Average number concentrations (0.04 < Dp < 20 μm) measured during the field studies ranged between 1000 - 2000 cm-3 during the summer months and decreased to 200 - 500 cm-3 during the winter. These seasonal changes in aerosol number concentrations were correlated with the frequency of events typical of new particle formation. Measured sub-micron organic mass fractions were between 70 - 90% during the summer months, when new particle formation events were most frequent, suggesting the importance of organic species in the nucleation or growth process, or both. Aerosol composition derived from hygroscopicity measurements indicate organic mass fractions of 50 - 60% for particles with diameters larger than 0.15 μm during the winter. The composition of smaller diameter particles appeared to be organic dominated year-round. High organic mass fractions led to low values of aerosol hygroscopicity, described using the κ parameter. Over the entire year-long BEACHON study, κ had an average value of 0.16 ± 0.08, similar to values determined during biologically active periods in tropical and boreal forests, and lower than the commonly assumed value of κcontinental = 0.3. There was also an observed increase in κ with size, due to external mixing of the fine mode… Advisors/Committee Members: Kreidenweis, Sonia M. (advisor), Collett, Jeffrey L. (committee member), van den Heever, Susan C. (committee member), Ham, Jay (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: aerosol; smoke; new particle formation; CCN

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Levin, E. J. (2013). Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/78833

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Levin, Ezra JT. “Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/78833.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Levin, Ezra JT. “Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming.” 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Levin EJ. Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/78833.

Council of Science Editors:

Levin EJ. Remote continental aerosol characteristics in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/78833

University of Adelaide

28. Fudge, Anthea Leigh. Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine.

Degree: 2015, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/100716

► The occurrence of smoke taint in wine is of worldwide concern for grape growers, winemakers and the wine industry. An improved understanding of the impact… (more)

▼ The occurrence of smoke taint in wine is of worldwide concern for grape growers, winemakers and the wine industry. An improved understanding of the impact of bushfire smoke on grapes and wine is important to enable industry to overcome this challenge. Smoke taint occurs when vineyards are exposed to smoke from bushfires or prescribed bums and can result in wine which exhibits undesirable smoky and ashy aromas and flavours. The prior research summarised in Chapter 1 addresses many of the early knowledge gaps concerning the impact of smoke on grape and wine quality such as: the composition of smoke taint, including identification of several of the volatile compounds involved, and the complex sensory properties imparted to wine that cause the detrimental effects to wine quality. However, these studies do not offer industry many practical solutions to mitigate the incidence or severity of smoke taint. This research reported in Chapter 2 describes several methods for ameliorating smoke taint in wine; i.e. the efficacy of (i) reverse osmosis (RO) and solid phase adsorption, and (ii) commercial fining agents, as treatments for smoke tainted wine. The ability of these methods to reduce the perception of smoke-related sensory attributes and concentrations of smoke-derived volatile phenols are described in two papers, which form the basis for this chapter on the amelioration of smoke taint in wine. The studies reported in Chapter 3 describe the use of spectroscopy as a rapid analytical method for screening wines for smoke taint. The capability of spectroscopic techniques, in combination with chemometrics, to be used for the classification and discrimination of wine are also introduced. The need for rapid detection of smoke taint in grapes and wines was identified as a priority for industry following the demand for analysis of grapes and wine after a fire event. Winemakers operate under considerable time and resource constraints during vintage, thus rapid determinations of fruit quality, including the assessment of smoke exposure by fruit, are required. A predictive method employing mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy was developed by scanning control and smoke-affected wines, and applying multivariate data analysis techniques to the resulting data, to generate a calibration model for the classification of smoke tainted wines. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) was also investigated as a novel method for characterising smoke taint in wines. Again, two papers are presented as the basis for a chapter concerning the spectroscopic analysis of smoke taint in wine. Advisors/Committee Members: Wilkinson, Kerry Leigh (advisor), Cozzolino, Daniel (advisor), Elsey, Gordon Michael (advisor), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine (school).

Subjects/Keywords: smoke taint; wine; amelioration; grapes; bushfires

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fudge, A. L. (2015). Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/100716

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fudge, Anthea Leigh. “Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine.” 2015. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/100716.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fudge, Anthea Leigh. “Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine.” 2015. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Fudge AL. Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/100716.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fudge AL. Analysis and amelioration of smoke taint in wine. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/100716

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Boston University

29. Bueno, Brian Thomas. Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem.

Degree: MS, Medical Sciences, 2019, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/36162

► The dangers of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure on the human body were initially reported in 1972, just eight years after the negative effects of smoking… (more)

▼ The dangers of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure on the human body were initially reported in 1972, just eight years after the negative effects of smoking on smokers was reported. The Surgeon General of the United States systematically expanded (and continues to expand) the warnings over time, as new scientific evidence becomes available. Warnings, which began to incorporate youths in 1975, emphasized the need to pay particular attention to fetuses, newborns, infants, children, adolescents, and young adults since they rely on parents, guardians, and other adults to keep them safe. Although fewer in number than adults, the diseases that are causally linked to smoking and exposure to SHS in youths are also complex and can result in death (i.e., sudden infant death syndrome). The introduction of new tobacco products, such as low nicotine cigarettes and electronic cigarettes, prompted the Surgeon General to release additional warnings. In 2016, the Surgeon General advised the nation that more information will become available as the electronic cigarette manufacturers comply with new Tobacco Control Act requirements to report harmful vapor constituents. Physicians need to keep abreast of the vast and growing body of knowledge related to the biological and chemical components of SHS and vapor, as well as the dangers that SHS and vapor cause. To ease the burden on physicians, the federal government and medical professional societies created clinical practice guidelines which summarize the literature related to the dangers of SHS and make recommendations for medical management. Guidelines recommend that physicians and other clinicians should offer smoking cessation advice and intervene to limit youth exposure to SHS. Although the approach recommended for use with patients in a physician’s office is clear and attempts to streamline the processes have been made, the identification and counseling process for smoking cessation and eliminating SHS exposure remains time consuming. Barriers to payment make it difficult for physicians to be adequately reimbursed for their efforts to keep their patients safe from the dangers of SHS and vapor exposure. More work is needed to be able to continue to reduce the percentage of youths exposed to SHS in their environments. Additional attention is needed to address the racial and ethnic disparities that are evident in the scientific literature. Advisors/Committee Members: Franzblau, Carl (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Public health; Exposure; Secondhand smoke; Vapor; Youths

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bueno, B. T. (2019). Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/36162

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bueno, Brian Thomas. “Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/36162.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bueno, Brian Thomas. “Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem.” 2019. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bueno BT. Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/36162.

Council of Science Editors:

Bueno BT. Secondhand smoke and vapor exposure in youths: challenges facing physicians in addressing this complex problem. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/36162

University of Southern California

30. Agarwal, Amit. Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Degree: MS, Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2010, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/378889/rec/2175

► Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a persistent obstruction of airways in the lungs due to the narrowing of the passage ways. Cigarette smoking is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cigarette smoke; redox

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Agarwal, A. (2010). Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/378889/rec/2175

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Agarwal, Amit. “Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/378889/rec/2175.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Agarwal, Amit. “Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.” 2010. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Agarwal A. Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern California; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/378889/rec/2175.

Council of Science Editors:

Agarwal A. Effect of cigarette smoke on redox regulation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern California; 2010. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll127/id/378889/rec/2175

Open Access Theses and Dissertations