subject:(short chain fatty acids)

University of Arizona

1. Lane, Adelina Isabella Lilani. The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis .

Degree: 2020, University of Arizona

► The incidence of diabetes, now the 7th leading cause of death in the US, is rising worldwide. Hyperglycemia is a hallmark characteristic of diabetes, resulting… (more)

▼ The incidence of diabetes, now the 7th leading cause of death in the US, is rising worldwide. Hyperglycemia is a hallmark characteristic of diabetes, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels, due, in part, to chronic elevations in endogenous hepatic glucose production (GP). Normally, small intestinal nutrient-sensing mechanisms trigger negative feedback loops to inhibit GP, thereby maintaining proper glucose regulation. Macronutrients stimulate secretion of gut peptides, which can activate a gut-brain-liver axis to lower hepatic GP. More recently the gut microbiota has been implicated as a salient contributor to energy and glucose homeostasis, with prebiotic, non-digestible carbohydrate treatment, improving glucose tolerance in humans and rodents. One potential mechanism may be through the production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are bacterial breakdown products of non-digestible dietary fibers occurring mainly in the large intestine. SCFAs are known to improve glucose and energy homeostasis but the exact mechanisms remain unknown. SCFAs increase gut peptide release and, therefore, have the potential to activate colonic sensing mechanisms to regulate glucose homeostasis following a meal. However, no one has assessed the postprandial production kinetics of SCFAs nor has anyone tested whether large intestinal SCFAs can lower hepatic glucose production. To examine this, we performed a fasting-refeeding study in both chow and HFD-fed rats and found that refeeding produced significant rises in postprandial large intestinal SCFA concentrations in chow, but not HFD fed rats. Furthermore, decreased postprandial SCFA levels were associated with increased adiposity and glucose intolerance. Utilizing pancreatic basal insulin euglycemic clamps we determined that the colonic administration of either 10mM or 100mM acetate, butyrate, or propionate, which are the 3 main SCFAs, were each able to decrease hepatic glucose production through a GLP-1R mediated neuronal gut-brain-liver axis, facilitated by celiac and hepatic vagal signaling pathways. Collectively, this work demonstrates the glucoregulatory signaling capacity of colonic SCFAs and that HFD induced impairments in postprandial SCFA rises may contribute to glucose dysregulation. Advisors/Committee Members: Duca, Frank A (advisor), Renquist, Benjamin J. (committeemember), Merchant, Juanita L. (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: Colonic; Glucose Homeostasis; Short Chain Fatty Acids

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lane, A. I. L. (2020). The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/645758

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lane, Adelina Isabella Lilani. “The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis .” 2020. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/645758.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lane, Adelina Isabella Lilani. “The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis .” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lane AIL. The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/645758.

Council of Science Editors:

Lane AIL. The Role of Colonic Short Chain Fatty Acids in Glucose Homeostasis . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/645758

University College Cork

2. Marques, Tatiana Milena. Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria.

Degree: 2013, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3450

► The adult intestinal microbiota comprises a microbial ecosystem of approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, with specific bacterial communities holding distinct metabolic capabilities. Bacteria produce a range… (more)

▼ The adult intestinal microbiota comprises a microbial ecosystem of approximately 100 trillion microorganisms, with specific bacterial communities holding distinct metabolic capabilities. Bacteria produce a range of bioactive compounds to survive unfavourable stimuli and to interact with other organisms, and generate several bioactive products during degradation of dietary constituents the host is not capable of digesting. This thesis addressed the impact of feeding potential probiotic bacteria and other dietary strategies such as pure fatty acids and prebiotics, on gut microbiota composition, short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and modulation of metabolism in animal models. In the first experimental chapter (Chapter 2) a gas chromatography method for the quantification of SCFA was optimized and applied in the analysis of caecal samples obtained in animal studies described in other chapters of this thesis. In Chapter 3, t10, c12 CLA supplementation was shown to significantly alter murine gut microbiota composition and SCFA production rather than no supplementation. These changes were suggested to be extra factors affecting host lipid metabolism. Chapter 4 described the contrasting effects of CLA-producing strains, Bifidobacterium breve DPC 6330 and B. breve NCIMB 702258, on murine fat distribution/composition and gut microbiota composition, suggesting that these changes were most likely strain-dependent. In Chapter 5, dietary GABA-producing strain Lactobacillus brevis DPC 6108 was shown to significantly increase (p<0.05) serum insulin in healthy rats, leading to a second experiment using a type 1 diabetes rat model. Lb. brevis DPC 6108 administration did not change insulin levels in diabetic rats, but attenuated high levels of glucose when compared to diabetic control. However, an auto-immune-induced diabetes model was suggested as a better model to study GABA-related effects on diabetes. In Chapter 6 bovine milk oligosaccharides, 6’sialyllactose and Beneo Orafti P95 oligofructose supplementations were associated with depletion or reduction of less favourable bacteria, demonstrating that ingestion of these oligosaccharides might be a safe and effective approach to modulate populations of the intestinal microbiota. In Chapter 7 (General discussion) the major findings of all studies were reviewed and discussed. Advisors/Committee Members: Fitzgerald, Gerald F., Stanton, Catherine, Ross, R. Paul, SFI.

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota; Probiotic; Prebiotic; Short chain fatty acids; Fatty acids; Metabolites

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marques, T. M. (2013). Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3450

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marques, Tatiana Milena. “Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria.” 2013. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3450.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marques, Tatiana Milena. “Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Marques TM. Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3450.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marques TM. Production of bioactive metabolites by intestinal bacteria. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3450

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Utah State University

3. Allen, Britney G. Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle.

Degree: MS, Plants, Soils, and Climate, 2021, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8039

► This study focused on how diet changes the rumen microbiome in the cattle and the effects of that on the long chain fatty acids… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: short chain fatty acids; long chain fatty acids; deaf agriculture; Life Sciences; Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Allen, B. G. (2021). Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle. (Masters Thesis). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8039

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Allen, Britney G. “Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle.” 2021. Masters Thesis, Utah State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8039.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Allen, Britney G. “Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle.” 2021. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Allen BG. Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Utah State University; 2021. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8039.

Council of Science Editors:

Allen BG. Fatty Acid Composition of Forages and Their Effect on the Fatty Acid Composition in Beef Cattle. [Masters Thesis]. Utah State University; 2021. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/8039

Texas State University – San Marcos

4. White, Kerri. Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2017, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6789

► There are three major short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that play a role in gastrointestinal health: propionate, butyrate, and acetate. SCFAs have probiotic effects that lead… (more)

▼ There are three major short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that play a role in gastrointestinal health: propionate, butyrate, and acetate. SCFAs have probiotic effects that lead to a healthy gastrointestinal environment such as providing energy, maintaining the epithelial lining, and roles in gene regulation and immunity. There is evidence that SCFAs function as important cell signals that affect the metabolism and overall physiology of the gastrointestinal tract. While SCFAs have been shown to reduce the amount of inflammation in association with GIT diseases, they also have been known to affect metabolic signaling processes and immunity. Determining which species of SCFAs are present could help us better understand their roles in the gut microbiome, metabolism, and cellular signaling propagation. High fiber diets and dietary supplementation of commensal strains such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been shown to increase the amounts of SCFAs in the gastrointestinal tract. Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is a gram-positive, spore-forming, bacillus-shaped anaerobe. C. diff, normally a minor component of the gastrointestinal flora, is resistant to most broad-spectrum antibiotics. Dystopia of the normal flora, caused by antibiotic treatment for unrelated infections, causes an overgrowth of C. diff. In recent years there has been an increased number cases of C. diff infection (CDI) and antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). The antibiotic-induced disruption in the natural gastrointestinal flora diminishes our own microbiome-mediated colonization resistance, allowing C. diff to proliferate, sporulate and produce toxins. This study aimed to examine if SCFAs play a role in the initial onset and growth of C. diff in a broth culture. Upon examining each of the three major SCFAs singly and in combination (1 uM/SCFA concentration), no major effect on the growth of C. diff was observed. Using spent media from BW25113 (WT) and BW25113 (atoE, SCFA mutant), C. diff showed a trend toward less growth and delayed onset of exponential growth as the concentration of spent media went up. Using mM concentrations in a 3:1:1 ratio of acetate, propionate, and butyrate respectively will mimic the human gastrointestinal tract more efficiently, and may have more of an effect on the growth of C. diff. It is suggested to try 30mM for acetate, and 10mM for propionate and butyrate. Advisors/Committee Members: McLean, Robert J. (advisor), Kumar, Manish (committee member), Savidge, Tor (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Clostridium difficile; Short-chain fatty acids; Fatty acids – Metabolism; Escherichia coli – Genetics; Clostridium difficile

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APA (6^th Edition):

White, K. (2017). Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant. (Masters Thesis). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6789

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Kerri. “Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6789.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Kerri. “Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

White K. Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6789.

Council of Science Editors:

White K. Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids Propionate, Acetate, Butyrate on the Growth of Clostridium difficile in Co-culture with an Escherichia coli atoE Mutant. [Masters Thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2017. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/6789

McMaster University

5. Vincent, Alexander. The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility.

Degree: MSc, 2017, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22160

►

Introduction: The role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in colonic motility is controversial. Germ free (GF) mice are unable to produce SCFAs and serve as… (more)

▼

Introduction: The role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in colonic motility is controversial. Germ free (GF) mice are unable to produce SCFAs and serve as a model to study how their absence affects colonic motility. GF transit is slower than controls and colonization of these mice improves gastrointestinal (GI) transit and serotonin (5-HT) levels. Our aim was to determine the role SCFAs play in improving transit, and whether this is dependent on mucosal 5-HT signaling. Methods: Motility was assessed in GF mice via spatiotemporal mapping with intraluminal perfusion of either PBS or SCFA cocktail. Outflow from the colon was recorded to quantify propulsive contractions. Motility was then assessed in TPH1-KO mice with PBS, butyrate and then propionate. GPR43 and 5-HT staining was performed in control and GF colons. Mice were then given chow diet or high sugar diet (HSD) and motility was recorded. Fecal pellets were taken at baseline and just prior to motility experiments and SCFA levels were measured with mass spectrometry. Results: GF mice exhibit significantly lower proportion of propulsive contractions, lower volume of outflow per contraction and slower velocity of contractions compared to controls. SCFAs changed the motility patterns to that of the controls in all parameters. Butyrate administration significantly increased the proportion of propulsive contractions in controls, yet failed to in TPH1 KO mice. Propionate significantly inhibited propulsive contractions in both mice. HSD-fed mice were not different from chow-fed mice in any parameter. No SCFA was significantly reduced, but the change in butyrate concentration was significantly associated with LDC frequency. Conclusions: Our results reveal significant abnormalities in the propulsive nature of colon motor patterns in GF mice, explaining the decreased transit time in in vivo studies. We show that butyrate, not propionate, activates propulsive motility and that this requires mucosal 5-HT, possibly released by ECs.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Advisors/Committee Members: Huizinga, Jandirk, Medical Sciences (Division of Physiology/Pharmacology).

Subjects/Keywords: short-chain fatty acids; serotonin; motility; enterochromaffin cell

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vincent, A. (2017). The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22160

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vincent, Alexander. “The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility.” 2017. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22160.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vincent, Alexander. “The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Vincent A. The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22160.

Council of Science Editors:

Vincent A. The Role of SCFAs in 5HT Mediated Colonic Motility. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22160

Iowa State University

6. Volker, Alexandra Rachel. Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli.

Degree: 2015, Iowa State University

URL: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14422

► Dependence on petroleum for fuels is a well-known issue in the United States today. However, petroleum is also used to produce a broad range of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiology; biorenewables; fermentation; short-chain fatty acids; Microbiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Volker, A. R. (2015). Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli. (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14422

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Volker, Alexandra Rachel. “Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli.” 2015. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14422.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Volker, Alexandra Rachel. “Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Volker AR. Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14422.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Volker AR. Fermentative production of short-chain fatty acids and methyl ketones in Escherichia coli. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2015. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14422

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

7. Klosterbuer, Abby Susan. Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers.

Degree: PhD, Nutrition, 2012, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/153710

► Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary fiber consumption is inversely associated with body weight, and some research suggests that foods high in fiber increase satiety… (more)

▼ Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary fiber consumption is inversely associated with body weight, and some research suggests that foods high in fiber increase satiety and reduce energy intake. The mechanism for this relationship is unknown, but may be related to changes in glucose, insulin, or gut hormone concentrations. Fiber may also benefit health by improving laxation, altering the gut microbiota, and increasing production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA). The following work describes two review articles, as well as an intervention study designed to help examine these effects. The first review focuses on the benefits of dietary fiber in clinical nutrition. This allowed for evaluation of the physiological effects of different types and combinations of fiber in subjects on a controlled diet. In general, blends of fibers with varying physicochemical properties provided greater benefits and were better tolerated than single fiber sources. Next, a systematic review of the effects of fiber intake on gut hormone concentrations examined the evidence for this relationship. Considerable variation was found in study design, population, fiber type and dose, which made comparisons difficult. Few studies reported a significant effect of fiber on gut hormone levels, and data suggest caloric load may have a more significant influence. Lastly, a randomized, double-blind, crossover study examined the effects of three novel fibers with varying physicochemical properties on satiety, stool characteristics, and the role of gut hormones, glucose, and insulin in appetite regulation. On Day 1 of the study, healthy men and women consumed either a low-fiber control breakfast or 1 of 4 iii breakfasts containing 25 g fiber from soluble corn fiber (SCF) or resistant starch (RS), alone or in combination with pullulan (SCF+P and RS+P). Subjects rated satiety using visual analog scales (VAS), and blood samples were collected at various time points for 3 hours following breakfast. The fiber treatments did not influence satiety or energy intake compared to control. The RS+P treatment significantly reduced glucose, insulin, and GLP-1 concentrations. To examine the effects of chronic fiber intake, subjects consumed the fiber treatments at home for 6 additional days, with a 3 week washout between periods. Stool samples were collected on Day 7 and tolerance was assessed following fiber intake on Day 1 and Day 6. Fiber did not alter stool weight or stool consistency. SCF reduced pH and increased total SCFA production compared to control, while RS+P increased the percentage of butyrate. Overall, fiber was well tolerated, although treatments containing pullulan tended to cause minor increases in symptoms. Both SCF treatments resulted in a significant shift in the microbial community. Results from these studies confirm that different fibers vary in their physiological effects, and consuming fiber from a variety of sources may be most beneficial. Although increased satiety and improved bowel function are…

Subjects/Keywords: Fiber; Glucose; gut hormones; Microbiota; Satiety; Short chain fatty acids

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klosterbuer, A. S. (2012). Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/153710

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klosterbuer, Abby Susan. “Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://purl.umn.edu/153710.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klosterbuer, Abby Susan. “Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Klosterbuer AS. Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/153710.

Council of Science Editors:

Klosterbuer AS. Satiety, glycemic, and gastrointestinal effects of novel fibers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2012. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/153710

Oklahoma State University

8. Kaur, Amritpal. Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet.

Degree: Nutritional Sciences, 2020, Oklahoma State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/325504

► Conclusion: TC supplementation restored some beneficial bacteria and increased short chain fatty acid production altered by WD. However, these changes in the gut did not… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: glucose; gut microbiota; short chain fatty acids; type 2 diabetes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaur, A. (2020). Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet. (Thesis). Oklahoma State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11244/325504

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaur, Amritpal. “Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet.” 2020. Thesis, Oklahoma State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11244/325504.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaur, Amritpal. “Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaur A. Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet. [Internet] [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/325504.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kaur A. Effects of tart cherry supplementation on markers of insulin resistance and gut integrity in mice fed western diet. [Thesis]. Oklahoma State University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11244/325504

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Mississippi State University

9. Ennis, Courtney Elizabeth. Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 2017, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06232017-090040/ ;

► The total removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) from poultry feed is underway in the United States. Feed additive strategies will be utilized to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: short-chain fatty acids; carbohydrases; blood chemistry; exogenous enzymes; organic acids; broiler performance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ennis, C. E. (2017). Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06232017-090040/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ennis, Courtney Elizabeth. “Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06232017-090040/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ennis, Courtney Elizabeth. “Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ennis CE. Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06232017-090040/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Ennis CE. Effects of feed additive strategies for commercial broiler production and gut health. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06232017-090040/ ;

Colorado State University

10. Beale, Melanie N. Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Health and Exercise Science, 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197380

► Physical activity is known to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer and adenomatous polyp recurrence. Targeted metabolomic profiling of the stool metabolome may provide insight… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cancer prevention; exercise; short chain fatty acids; colorectal cancer; bile acids; metabolomics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beale, M. N. (2019). Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197380

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beale, Melanie N. “Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197380.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beale, Melanie N. “Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Beale MN. Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197380.

Council of Science Editors:

Beale MN. Relationships between objectively measured physical activity and stool metabolome in individuals at high risk for colorectal cancer. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197380

Virginia Commonwealth University

11. Catherman, Colin M. Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1).

Degree: MS, Physiology and Biophysics, 2017, Virginia Commonwealth University

URL: https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90 ; https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797

► The regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormone levels are regulated based on different influential factors, but primarily levels are dependent upon ingested… (more)

▼ The regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormone levels are regulated based on different influential factors, but primarily levels are dependent upon ingested food content. As meals today become more fat-enriched, there is greater requirement for evaluation of these hormones that regulate insulin and satiety levels within the body. We have shown that the gene expression transcript production of glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY are modulated by different concentrations, and times of short-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids. Although the peptide hormone levels have the influential physiological role on effector tissue, the regulation of these hormones begins at the transcript levels. Recent research indicates that glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY hormones are altered in response to different free-fatty acids. The present investigation generally demonstrated an overall decrease in both hormones after chronic exposure to fatty acids. Intestinal secretin tumor cell line (STC-1 cells) was used as a representative for intestinal L-cells. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis was used to determine the changes in RNA transcripts. Overall, there was a decrease in the 3-hour timeline, which continued to decrease in the 16-hour and 24-hour timelines for glucagon-like peptide-1. Peptide YY transcript expression in 3-hours increased significantly after exposure to propionate, a significant decrease after exposure to acetate, and no significant increase or decrease after exposure to butyrate. However, there was a significant decrease in peptide YY once reaching 24-hour exposure. It was determined there is a threshold for different concentrations of free-fatty acids to influence glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY production, which was present in the different concentrations of butyrate. Lastly, exposure to both concentrations of linolenic acid caused a significant decrease in glucagon-like peptide-1 and peptide YY. Advisors/Committee Members: John R. Grider, PH.D., Srinivasa M. Karnam, PH.D..

Subjects/Keywords: GLP-1; PYY; short-chain fatty acids; long-chain fatty acids; fatty acids; transcripts; GLP1; diabetes mellitus; Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition; Digestive, Oral, and Skin Physiology; Digestive System Diseases

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APA (6^th Edition):

Catherman, C. M. (2017). Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1). (Thesis). Virginia Commonwealth University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90 ; https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Catherman, Colin M. “Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1).” 2017. Thesis, Virginia Commonwealth University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90 ; https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Catherman, Colin M. “Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1).” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Catherman CM. Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1). [Internet] [Thesis]. Virginia Commonwealth University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90 ; https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Catherman CM. Short and Long Chain Free Fatty Acids Differentially Regulate Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY Transcript Levels in Enteroendocrine Cells (STC-1). [Thesis]. Virginia Commonwealth University; 2017. Available from: https://doi.org/10.25772/9TZB-7S90 ; https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4797

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

12. Tarini, Joshua. Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?.

Degree: 2009, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18956

►

High fibre diets are associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This may be due to short-chain-fatty-acids (SCFA) influencing insulin resistance and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: free fatty acids; short chain fatty acids; inulin; 0570

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tarini, J. (2009). Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18956

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tarini, Joshua. “Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18956.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tarini, Joshua. “Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?.” 2009. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tarini J. Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18956.

Council of Science Editors:

Tarini J. Does Inulin Reduce Postprandial Free Fatty Acid Rebound?. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/18956

13. NDOU, SAYMORE PETROS. Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets.

Degree: Animal Science, 2018, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33627

► In recent years, the use of agro-industrial co-products has significantly increased in pig diets resulting in increased dietary fiber. It is, however, intriguing that nutrient… (more)

▼ In recent years, the use of agro-industrial co-products has significantly increased in pig diets resulting in increased dietary fiber. It is, however, intriguing that nutrient utilization and performance are depressed if pigs consume nutritionally balanced high-fiber diets that are composed of co-products plus supplementary fat. The first study indicated that addition of soluble fiber from Flaxseed meal (FM) and insoluble fiber from Oat hulls (OH) in pig diets increased intestinal VFA and BA contents but reduced fecal fat digestibility and induced variable effects on the histological characteristics, and composition and function of digesta- and mucosa-associated microbiota in gastrointestinal segments. Moreover, soluble fiber from FM depressed growth performance. The second study showed that soluble fiber from FM and insoluble fiber from OH reduced, ileal digested energy, FA digestibility, and absorption, gastrointestinal flows of FA and excretion of BA and both dietary fiber sources induced variable effects on digestibility of DF fractions, hindgut VFA production and fecal flows of unsaturated FA. The third study investigated the interactive effects of DF solubility and lipid type on digestibility of DF and FA, and flows of FA and BA in the ileum, cecum and colon, and VFA production and absorption in the cecum and colon of growing pigs. The production and absorption of VFA and DF fermentability in the cecum and colon was greater in pigs fed soluble fiber from Pectin compared to those fed insoluble fiber from Cellulose, and beef tallow supplementation depressed fermentation compared to corn oil. The interaction between DF solubility and lipid type modulates digestibility of lipids, flows of FA and BA and fermentability of DF fractions but differs for soluble and insoluble fiber, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Lastly, the fourth study revealed that soluble from FM and insoluble fiber from OH increased the VFA uptake, and transportation and induced comparable effects on expressions of mRNA of colonic and hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism. Taken together, soluble and insoluble fiber reduce fatty acids digestibility and induce variable effects on growth performance, intestinal fermentation, histomorphology, expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and gastrointestinal microbiota composition. Advisors/Committee Members: Nyachoti, Martin (Animal Science) (supervisor), Slominski, Bogdan (Animal Science) Kiarie, Elijah(Animal Science) Ames, Nancy (Human Nutritional Sciences) Bach Knudsen, Knud Erik (Aarhus University, Denmark) (examiningcommittee).

Subjects/Keywords: bile acids; dietary fiber; flaxseed meal; pigs; oat hulls; hindgut fermentation; volatile fatty acids; pectin; cellulose; short chain fatty acids; soluble fiber; insoluble fiber; fatty acids; dietary lipids

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APA (6^th Edition):

NDOU, S. P. (2018). Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets. (Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

NDOU, SAYMORE PETROS. “Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets.” 2018. Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

NDOU, SAYMORE PETROS. “Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

NDOU SP. Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33627.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

NDOU SP. Production, absorption, and metabolic fate of fatty acids in pigs fed high-fiber diets. [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33627

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado State University

14. Sheflin, Amy Marie. Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention.

Degree: PhD, Food Science and Human Nutrition, 2016, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176757

► Trillions of microorganisms populate the human digestive tract and enhance immunity, improve digestion and inhibit pathogens when in healthy balance. However, a disruption of gut… (more)

▼ Trillions of microorganisms populate the human digestive tract and enhance immunity, improve digestion and inhibit pathogens when in healthy balance. However, a disruption of gut community balance is associated with a number of diseases including colorectal cancer (CRC). The purpose of this research was to investigate supplementation with two high-fiber foods, heat stabilized rice bran (SRB) and cooked navy bean powder (NBP), for potential to favorably alter the intestinal environment for CRC prevention. Study 1 aimed to assess differences in stool microbiota and associated metabolites in healthy individuals versus those diagnosed with CRC. Next, two pilot dietary interventions were undertaken (Study 2 and 3), one in healthy individuals and another in CRC survivors. Both pilot studies provided diets supplemented with SRB or NBP or macronutrient matched control foods and changes in stool microbiota and associated metabolites were assessed at baseline and after 2 and 4 weeks. The collective body of this research supports the hypothesis that gut microbiota and their metabolites differ with respect to CRC and that intervention with SRB or NBP can alter this profile. Despite similar increases in dietary fiber intake, SRB induced more significant change to gut microbiota and metabolites possibly due to differing chemical composition of plant fibers. Relative to NBP, SRB is rich in arabinoxylans, which structurally mimic the protective mucins lining the intestinal surface. Changes in both microbiota and metabolites observed with SRB supplementation are consistent with enrichment of glycan-foraging bacteria able to switch between dietary glycans (arabinoxylans in this case) and host glycans for energy. Acetate and propionate, potentially beneficial byproducts of microbial fermentation of glycans and other fiber components, increased at 2 weeks in CRC survivors. However, some of the observed changes did not persist at 4 weeks and further research is necessary to determine if more lasting changes are possible with these dietary interventions, as well as whether these altered microbial/metabolite profiles are associated with reduced risk of CRC incidence and recurrence. Advisors/Committee Members: Weir, Tiffany (advisor), Broeckling, Corey (committee member), Melby, Chris (committee member), Pagliassotti, Michael (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: heat-stabilized rice bran; phenolic acids; stool microbiota; navy bean; bile acids; short chain fatty acids

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sheflin, A. M. (2016). Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176757

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sheflin, Amy Marie. “Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176757.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sheflin, Amy Marie. “Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sheflin AM. Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176757.

Council of Science Editors:

Sheflin AM. Supplementing powdered high-fiber foods to alter gut microbial metabolism for colorectal cancer prevention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/176757

Texas A&M University

15. Guard, Blake Crosby. Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea.

Degree: MS, Biomedical Sciences, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151793

► Recent molecular studies have revealed that the canine gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors a highly complex microbial ecosystem. Gut microbes play a very important role in… (more)

▼ Recent molecular studies have revealed that the canine gastrointestinal tract (GIT) harbors a highly complex microbial ecosystem. Gut microbes play a very important role in the development and regulation of the immune system of the host, mediated in-part through the production of immunomodulatory metabolites (e.g., butyrate, propionate, indole). Limited information is available about potential changes in the predominant bacterial groups in dogs with acute diarrhea, and characterizing the functional gene content of the microbiome may help to understand relationships between microbiota, endogenous metabolites, and gastrointestinal disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was (1) to characterize the fecal microbiome in healthy dogs, dogs with acute non-hemorrhagic diarrhea (NHD), and dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea (AHD) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR analysis; (2) to measure fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs); and (3) to describe the functional gene content of the fecal microbiome. Fecal samples were collected from healthy dogs (n=13), dogs with NHD (n=5), and dogs with AHD (n=6). The fecal microbiota were analyzed by 454-pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA genes and qPCR assays. SCFAs were quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Functional genes present in the microbiome were predicted from the 16S rRNA gene data using the software PICRUSt. The Shannon Index for bacterial diversity was significantly decreased in dogs with acute diarrhea (AD; both NHD and AHD groups combined) compared to healthy dogs (p=0.0020). Sequences belonging to Bacteroidetes were significantly decreased in dogs with AD compared to healthy dogs (p=0.0280). Sequences belonging to the genus Faecalibacterium and an unclassified genus within the family Ruminococcaceae were both significantly decreased in dogs with AD compared to healthy dogs (p=0.0319 and 0.0368, respectively). Also, a significant decrease in Blautia spp. were observed in dogs with AD compared to healthy dogs (p=0.0472). The proportions of butyric acid were significantly increased and proportions of propionic acid were significantly decreased in dogs with AD compared to healthy dogs (p<0.05 for both). Significant differences were not observed in functional categories among all dogs after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Results of this study revealed a bacterial dysbiosis in fecal samples of dogs with NHD and dogs with AHD compared to healthy dogs. The bacterial groups that were commonly decreased during acute diarrhea are considered to be important SCFA producers and may be important for canine intestinal health. Future studies to evaluate broader metabolomic profiles in dogs with acute diarrhea are indicated. Advisors/Committee Members: Suchodolski, Jan S (advisor), Steiner, Jörg M (committee member), Barr, James W (committee member), Jayaraman, Arul (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: canine; dysbiosis; microbiota; microbiome; acute diarrhea; metagenomics; hemorrhagic diarrhea; short-chain fatty acids; gastrointestinal

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guard, B. C. (2013). Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151793

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guard, Blake Crosby. “Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151793.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guard, Blake Crosby. “Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Guard BC. Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151793.

Council of Science Editors:

Guard BC. Fecal Microbiome in Dogs with Acute Diarrhea. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151793

University of Guelph

16. Hayhoe, Mychal-Ann. Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig.

Degree: MS, Department of Animal and Poultry Science, 2013, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/5278

► This thesis examined effects of dietary supplementations (0.75%) of the prebiotics of retrograded resistant cornstarch, fibersol-2 and inulin, and oat β-glucan in replacing feed antibiotics… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase; Antibiotics; β-Glucan; Lactose; Prebiotics; Volatile Short-Chain Fatty Acids; Weanling pigs

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hayhoe, M. (2013). Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/5278

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hayhoe, Mychal-Ann. “Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/5278.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hayhoe, Mychal-Ann. “Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hayhoe M. Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/5278.

Council of Science Editors:

Hayhoe M. Prebiotics and Beta-Glucan in Modulation of Growth Performance, Nutrient Utilization and Alkaline Phosphatase Kinetics in the Weanling Pig. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/5278

Eastern Michigan University

17. Mattieson, Mace. On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2011, Eastern Michigan University

URL: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/325

► It has recently been hypothesized that gastrointestinal microbiota modulate immune response by the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). There is a need for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: tests of linearity; sorbent traps; flam ionization detector (FID); short-chain fatty acids; Chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mattieson, M. (2011). On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Michigan University. Retrieved from https://commons.emich.edu/theses/325

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mattieson, Mace. “On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Eastern Michigan University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://commons.emich.edu/theses/325.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mattieson, Mace. “On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mattieson M. On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/325.

Council of Science Editors:

Mattieson M. On-trap derivatization of short-chain fatty acids. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2011. Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/325

University College Cork

18. Collins, Kenneth G. An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds.

Degree: 2017, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6557

► Seaweeds are an excellent source of biologically active secondary metabolites. Compounds from seaweeds have exhibited a wide range of therapeutic activities and seaweeds have now… (more)

▼ Seaweeds are an excellent source of biologically active secondary metabolites. Compounds from seaweeds have exhibited a wide range of therapeutic activities and seaweeds have now been proposed as a new source of prebiotics. Firstly, the bifidogenic potential of 15 Irish seaweeds was assessed using in vitro anaerobic fermentations. This investigation suggests that different Bifidobacterium species can utilise seaweed carbohydrates as their sole carbon source for growth, with the greatest bifidogenic activity exhibited by Fucus serratus. Following this, the prebiotic potential of F. serratus was investigated using a faecal fermentation approach. An extract was prepared using a hot-acid extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, size-exclusion dialysis and a simulated gastric digestion. While not all the expected prebiotic markers were met, an increase in the production of SCFA, especially propionate, is a positive outcome for promoting overall gut health and in combating obesity through enhancing satiety. Two similarly processed extracts from the seaweed Laminaria digitata were prepared to study the effect of depolymerisation with hydrogen peroxide on prebiotic potential. Depolymerisation significantly increased propionate production and reduced butyrate production. Modulation of polysaccharide chain length can bring about different fermentation profiles from the same seaweed raw material and starting faecal microbiota. The prebiotic potential of the red seaweed Chondrus crispus was also investigated, however, only a minimal stimulatory effect on the ex vivo microbial population was observed and limited changes in SCFA production. Finally, polyphenol rich extracts from Fucus vesiculosus, F. serratus F. spiralis, Ascophyllum nodosum and Pelvetia canaliculata demonstrated potent activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Greatest activity was observed with F. vesiculosus extracts, which showed activity against several strains of Listeria. Overall this thesis shows that seaweed polysaccharides, especially those from brown seaweeds have great prebiotic potential but the definitive prebiotic test will be to transition to in vivo trials in animals and eventually humans. Advisors/Committee Members: Stanton, Catherine, Fitzgerald, Gerald F., Ross, R. Paul, MarineInstitute, Teagasc.

Subjects/Keywords: Seaweed; Prebiotic; Bifidobacterium; Short-chain fatty acids; Antimicrobial; Depolymerisation; Hot-acid extraction; Microbiota; Dietary fiber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Collins, K. G. (2017). An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Collins, Kenneth G. “An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds.” 2017. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Collins, Kenneth G. “An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Collins KG. An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Collins KG. An investigation of the prebiotic potential and gut health benefits of Irish seaweeds. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/6557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

East Tennessee State University

19. Webb, Kaitlyn. Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms.

Degree: MS, Clinical Nutrition, 2019, East Tennessee State University

URL: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3562

► Current practices support the use of probiotic and prebiotic supplementation to improve chronic gastrointestinal distress (GID). The aim of this study was to determine… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: gastrointestinal upset; short chain fatty acids; probiotic; prebiotic; GlutenShield; Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Webb, K. (2019). Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms. (Thesis). East Tennessee State University. Retrieved from https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Webb, Kaitlyn. “Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms.” 2019. Thesis, East Tennessee State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Webb, Kaitlyn. “Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Webb K. Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms. [Internet] [Thesis]. East Tennessee State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Webb K. Effect of Prebiotic, Probiotic, and Enzyme Supplementation on Gut Fermentation, Markers of Inflammation and Immune Response in Individuals with GI Symptoms. [Thesis]. East Tennessee State University; 2019. Available from: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

20. Allen, Jacob Matthew. The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans.

Degree: PhD, Kinesiology, 2017, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97726

► The gut microbiome (GM) consists of trillions of microbes that can modulate numerous physiological systems of its mammalian host. It is well established that behavioral… (more)

▼ The gut microbiome (GM) consists of trillions of microbes that can modulate numerous physiological systems of its mammalian host. It is well established that behavioral practices and the environment encountered by the host can contribute significantly to composition and functional capacity of the GM. Research investigating the roles of the GM in modulating host physiology has also indicated an important role of the gut microbes in causing, exacerbating, or preventing disease. Considering these findings, it is vital to have an in-depth understanding of the effects that behaviors and environmental stimuli have on the composition and functional capacity of the gut microbiota. Of these potential mediators, exercise training has recently emerged as a candidate. Data relating exercise and the microbiome have pointed to intriguing associations between changes in the GM and host physiology, including alterations in behavior, immunity and metabolism. However, this research has been confined primarily to animal models and uses only correlations to address possible interactions between microbe and host. Therefore, the primary purpose of the work presented in this dissertation is to understand how exercise training can modulate the gut microbiota while concurrently unraveling the ways in which GM changes may directly contribute to changes in host physiology, in both mice and humans. This dissertation was divided into three major sections. First, we followed up on research conducted previously in our laboratory demonstrating that two six-week exercise training modalities (Forced Treadmill [FTR] vs. Voluntary Wheel Running [VWR]) led to differential inflammatory and clinical responses to a chemically-induced colitis insult in mice. To understand whether these observed outcomes may relate to differential changes in the gut microbiome, we performed an experiment examining the effects of these two training modalities on the GM composition. Interestingly, we observed that VWR and FTR differentially altered the composition of the mouse gut microbiota, indicating that the exercise-induced GM modifications may have contributed to the different colitis outcomes previously observed. In the second section of this dissertation, we investigated whether exercise-induced changes in the GM could contribute directly to host physiology. To accomplish this, we transplanted GMs from donor ‘exercised (VWR)’ or ‘sedentary’ mice into previously germ-free mice. First, we analyzed the composition of GM, concentrations of gut metabolites, and colon inflammation of mice that received GMs from donors. We found that the ‘exercised’ microbiota led to altered microbial communities and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles, higher body weights, and reduced colon inflammation in the recipient, colonized mice. In a second cohort of GF mice, we used the same transplant and colonization design, with an additional administration of dextran-sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce acute colitis. Intriguingly, we found that the ‘exercised’ GM transplant led to an enhanced… Advisors/Committee Members: Woods, Jeffrey A (advisor), Woods, Jeffrey A (Committee Chair), Ridlon, Jason (committee member), White, Bryan (committee member), Wilund, Ken (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Exercise; Microbiome; Microbiota; Gut; Inflammation; Obesity; Ulcerative colitis; Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Allen, J. M. (2017). The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97726

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Allen, Jacob Matthew. “The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97726.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Allen, Jacob Matthew. “The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Allen JM. The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97726.

Council of Science Editors:

Allen JM. The effects of exercise training on the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites and microbial-host interactions in mice and humans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97726

University of Melbourne

21. Xu, Yanhui. Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids.

Degree: 2018, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/222067

► Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important bacterial metabolites produced by the fermentation of complex carbohydrates in the large gut. Luminal SCFAs are act locally… (more)

▼ Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are important bacterial metabolites produced by the fermentation of complex carbohydrates in the large gut. Luminal SCFAs are act locally to maintain the integrity of the gut epithelium and are also absorbed into the portal blood circulation to potentially have systemic effects. Studies of the immune modulatory functions of SCFAs have largely been confined to mice. There is a growing appreciation of the importance of SCFAs in human health and, in particular, on human immune function. The present studies examine the effects of SCFAs on human T cells and the mechanisms underlying these effects. I found, NaBu and NaPo significantly increased expression of IFN-g and IL-10 in human CD4+ and CD8++ IL-2 T cells. Despite expressing IFN-g, NaBu- or NaPo-exposed CD4+ and CD8++ IL-2 T cells exhibited regulatory (suppressive) function on T cell proliferation, which was partially reversedby antibody blockade of IFN-g or/and IL-10 signaling. Inhibition of glycolysis decreased the ability of NaBu to increase IFN-g expression. However, glycolytic activity was not affected by NaBu, suggesting that glycolysis is a necessary but not sufficient requirement for induction of IFN-g by NaBu. On the other hand, fatty acid oxidation (FAO) was activated in NaBu-treated cells and blockage of FAO partially reversed IFN-g expression induced by butyrate, indicating the involvement of FAO in regulation of IFN-g expression by NaBu. The intermediate metabolite of NaBu metabolism in mitochondria, citrate, which can be converted to acetyl-CoA, was found to be increased in NaBu-exposed T cells. NaBu exposure was associated with increased acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins. Further studies are required to determine whether butyrate promotes acetylation by activating citrate-acetyl-CoA-HAT pathway. Induction of IL-10 expression was not affected by blockage of glycolysis or FAO, indicating that induction of IFN-g and IL-10 by NaBu is by different mechanisms. Acetylation of H3K9 and H3K14 (H3K9ac and H3K14ac) was increased in NaBu-treated cells and H3K9ac and H3K14ac were enriched at the promoter region of the IL-10 gene. Interestingly, the IFN-g promoter was only enriched for H3K14ac. In addition, NaBu may modulate IFN-g expression post-transcriptionally. I found that NaBu increased acetylation of proteins, including GAPDH, in T cells and that IFN-g mRNA was bound to acetylated GAPDH, which increased its stability. Thus, butyrate promoted GAPDH acetylation, which in turn stabilized IFN-g mRNA by direct association. My findings underscore the complexity of immune modulation by short chain fatty acids and are relevant to understanding the relationship between diet and health.

Subjects/Keywords: short chain fatty acids; cellular metabolism; glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; HDAC inhibition; HAT activation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xu, Y. (2018). Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/222067

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xu, Yanhui. “Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/222067.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xu, Yanhui. “Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Xu Y. Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/222067.

Council of Science Editors:

Xu Y. Regulation of human T-cell function by short chain fatty acids. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/222067

University of Sydney

22. Kwan, Tony King-Tak. A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection .

Degree: 2019, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21293

► Renal transplantation remains the optimal method of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease, but long-term outcomes are poor. Both immune and non-immune… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: renal transplantation; innate immunity; toll-like receptors; IL-17; short-chain fatty acids; microbiome

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kwan, T. K. (2019). A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kwan, Tony King-Tak. “A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection .” 2019. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kwan, Tony King-Tak. “A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection .” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kwan TK. A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21293.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kwan TK. A mechanistic analysis of strategies targeting innate immunity to prevent kidney allograft rejection . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/21293

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales

23. Maslowski, Kendle. The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function.

Degree: Clinical School - St Vincent's Hospital, 2011, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/50446 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9340/SOURCE02?view=true

► The bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract shapes the development of theimmune system. Recent evidence indicates that normal intestinal microbiotamight protect against the development of… (more)

▼ The bacterial flora of the gastrointestinal tract shapes the development of theimmune system. Recent evidence indicates that normal intestinal microbiotamight protect against the development of inflammatory diseases. The gutmicrobiota have been proposed to produce factors that are beneficial to the host for the regulation of immune responses. These factors have been termed symbiosis factors. One of these symbiosis factors may be short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which are produced by fermentation of dietary fibre by intestinal microbiota. A feature of human ulcerative colitis, asthma and Rheumatoid arthritis is a change in ‘healthy’ microbiota such as Bifidobacterium and Bacteriodes. In colitis this change in microbiota has also been shown to be concurrent with a reduction in SCFA. Moreover, increased intake of fermentable dietary fibre, or SCFA, is clinically beneficial in the treatment of colitis. SCFA bind the G-protein coupled receptor 43 (GPR43, also known as FFAR2), and here we show that SCFA–GPR43 interactions profoundly affect inflammatory responses. Stimulation of GPR43 by SCFA was necessary for the normal resolution of inflammatory responses. GPR43-deficient (Gpr43-/-) mice showed exacerbated or unresolving inflammation in models of colitis, arthritis and asthma. This related to increased production of inflammatory mediators by Gpr43-/- immune cells, increased immune cell recruitment and intrinsic defects in Gpr43-/- neutrophils. Germ-free mice, which are devoid of bacteria and produce little or no SCFA, showed a similar dysregulation of certain inflammatory responses. Altered composition of the gut microflora, caused by Western diet, or use of antibiotics, has been suggested as a reason for the increased incidence of allergies and asthma in humans. SCFA-GPR43 interactions could represent a central mechanism to account for affects of diet and gut microflora on immune responses and may represent new avenues for understanding and potentially manipulating immune responses. Advisors/Committee Members: Mackay, Charles, Clinical School - St Vincent's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; Inflammatory disease; Innate immunity; Short chain fatty acids; Western diet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Maslowski, K. (2011). The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/50446 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9340/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maslowski, Kendle. “The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/50446 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9340/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maslowski, Kendle. “The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Maslowski K. The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/50446 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9340/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Maslowski K. The role of GPR43 in the immune system: a novel connection between diet, gut microbiota and immune function. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/50446 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9340/SOURCE02?view=true

Purdue University

24. Yan, Hui. Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig.

Degree: PhD, Animal Science, 2016, Purdue University

URL: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/1034

► Dietary fiber is a diverse mixture of polysaccharides exerting multiple functions as it passes through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Besides the influence on nutrient… (more)

▼ Dietary fiber is a diverse mixture of polysaccharides exerting multiple functions as it passes through the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Besides the influence on nutrient digestibility, dietary fiber affects growth performance and host metabolism via modulation of gut microbial community structure and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFA). A series of in vivo experiments were conducted to determine the effects of dietary fiber on pig growth performance and gut microbial community as well as host metabolism. In the first study, a comparison between soluble and insoluble fibers was conducted in terms of pig growth, gut microbial structure and SCFA production in response to high fat diet (HFD). Compared to insoluble fiber, soluble fiber alleviated HFD induced back fat accumulation without a significant influence on body weight gain and casued changes in gut microbial structure and SCFA production. In the second study, effect of dietary resistant starch (RS) content on serum metabolite and hormone concentrations, milk composition, and fecal microbial profiling in lactating sows, as well as offspring performance was investigated. The high-RS diet increased serum triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) levels and milk nutrients in sow, which provided extra nutrients for postnatal growth of piglets. These changes in host metabolites were highly associated with the changes in fecal microbial community structure and SCFA production. Because dietary fiber and RS exert significant effects on performance and host metabolism through increases in gut microbial diversity and SCFA production, in vitro studies were conducted to reveal the underlying mechanisms using both adipocyte and intestinal epithelial cell models. For the adipocyte experiment, the role of SCFA in adipogenesis, adipokine secretion and lipid metabolism in adipocytes derived from porcine stromovascular cells were determined. Butyrate, not acetate or propionate, exhibited profound influence on adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. Butyrate induced adipogenesis and thereby increased adiponectin secretion, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and enhanced glucose uptake. Butyrate inhibited lipolysis in a free fatty acid receptor 3 (FFAR3)-dependent manner and increased triglyceride synthesis through induction of related lipogenic enzymes gene expression. For the experiment in intestinal epithelial cells, the protective effect of butyrate on cell integrity and tight junction expression with LPS stimulation in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) was determined. Butyrate prevented LPS-induced impairment on the intestinal barrier integrity and tight junction permeability in a dose-dependent manner, resulting from increased expression of tight junction claudins. Butyrate restored LPS-induced reduction in Akt and 4E-BP1 expression levels, accounting for its effect in enhancing tight junction intergrity. In addition, butyrate also acted as energy source fueling epithelial cell recovery, evidenced by the changes in AMPK abundance… Advisors/Committee Members: Kolapo M. Ajuwon, Kolapo M. Ajuwon, Layi Adeola, KeeHong Kim, Cindy H. Nakatsu.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Dietary fiber; Gut health; Metabolism; Short chain fatty acids; Animal Sciences; Physiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yan, H. (2016). Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig. (Doctoral Dissertation). Purdue University. Retrieved from https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/1034

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yan, Hui. “Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Purdue University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/1034.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yan, Hui. “Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yan H. Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/1034.

Council of Science Editors:

Yan H. Mechanistic insight into the role of dietary fibers and short chain fatty acids in the regulation of metabolism and inflammation in the pig. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Purdue University; 2016. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_dissertations/1034

University of Toronto

25. Da Silva, Hannah Elizabeth. The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Degree: 2015, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70276

►

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) includes simple steatosis (SS) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis. NAFLD pathogenesis is complex. Recent research suggests… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: endotoxin; intestinal microbiota; non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; short-chain fatty acids; 0570

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APA (6^th Edition):

Da Silva, H. E. (2015). The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70276

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Da Silva, Hannah Elizabeth. “The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70276.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Da Silva, Hannah Elizabeth. “The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.” 2015. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Da Silva HE. The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70276.

Council of Science Editors:

Da Silva HE. The Role of Bacterial Products and Intestinal Microbiota in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/70276

Penn State University

26. Yeoh, Beng San. Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice.

Degree: 2020, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17421bqy5017

► Societal changes in dietary habits, which favor consumption of highly refined herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) in place of their natural counterparts, have been attributed… (more)

▼ Societal changes in dietary habits, which favor consumption of highly refined herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) in place of their natural counterparts, have been attributed to the rising incidences of HDS-induced jaundice and liver injury in both the United States and worldwide. Yet, the pathophysiology of HDS remains poorly understood due to the difficulty in identifying the causative agent and to the lack of a suitable animal model. The work done in this dissertation has led us to redefine inulin (a fermentable, dietary fiber) as a HDS capable of inducing hyperbilirubinemia, transaminitis and cholestatic liver injury in ~40% of Toll-like receptor 5 deficient (T5KO) mice within 2 weeks. When inulin feeding was prolonged to 24 weeks, the liver pathology evolved into icteric hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a microbiota-dependent manner. Of note, the other ~60% of T5KO mice developed neither cholestasis nor HCC. Herein, we undertook this study with the overarching goal to characterize the atypical occurrence of cholestasis and HCC in mice fed dietary inulin and to demonstrate the utility of using this animal model to study HDS-induced liver diseases in humans. Chapter 1 provides a literature review examining several key concepts and potential mechanisms that accentuate the link between gut microbiota and metabolic diseases. Accumulated data from a variety of animal and human studies indicates that a dysbiotic microbiota plays a key role in instigating metabolic diseases via the following potential mechanisms: (i) increasing calorie extraction, (ii) producing obesogenic metabolites, (iii) causing metabolic endotoxemia-induced low-grade chronic inflammation, and (iv) reprogramming the host inflammatory/metabolic responses to favor the development of metabolic syndrome. We conclude the review by highlighting novel approaches that have been undertaken to harness the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target for treating a spectrum of metabolic diseases. This review establishes our rationale for feeding inulin to T5KO mice as the means for correcting their gut dysbiosis and metabolic syndrome. However, surprisingly, a ~40% subset of T5KO mice developed cholestasis and later HCC following feeding of dietary inulin. The initial goal of Chapter 2 was to investigate the metabolic abnormalities observed in ~40% of T5KO mice fed dietary inulin. At first, we deemed the reduction in body weight, adiposity, glucose and serum lipids in these subset of mice to be beneficial when compared to the other ~60% that retained their metabolic syndrome phenotype. However, these ~40% subset of mice eventually developed hyperbilirubinemia and icteric HCC. Accordingly, we evolved our focus to characterize our so-called ‘dietary inulin-induced HCC’ at the serological and histological levels. To address whether the susceptibility toward inulin-induced HCC is due to microbiota dysbiosis and thus not restricted to T5KO mice per se, we performed similar inulin feeding to other gut dysbiotic strains of mice, such Toll-like receptor 4-deficient… Advisors/Committee Members: Andrew David Patterson, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Andrew David Patterson, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Connie Jo Rogers, Committee Member, Margherita Teresa-Anna Cantorna, Committee Member, Kevin John Harvatine, Outside Member, Matam Vijay Kumar, Special Member, Margherita Teresa-Anna Cantorna, Program Head/Chair.

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; Innate immunity; Dietary fiber; Short chain fatty acids; Cholemia; Bile acids; Hyperbilirubinemia; Liver inflammation; Hepatocellular carcinoma

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yeoh, B. S. (2020). Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17421bqy5017

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yeoh, Beng San. “Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice.” 2020. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed March 08, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17421bqy5017.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yeoh, Beng San. “Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yeoh BS. Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17421bqy5017.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yeoh BS. Dysregulated Gut Microbial Fermentation of Dietary Soluble Fiber Induces Cholestatic Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2020. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17421bqy5017

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Freie Universität Berlin

27. Ferrara, Fabienne. Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets.

Degree: 2012, Freie Universität Berlin

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14489

► Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) constitute a rapidly available energy source for humans and animals, which have been reported to influence the intestinal morphology or… (more)

▼ Medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) constitute a rapidly available energy source for humans and animals, which have been reported to influence the intestinal morphology or local immune system in pigs and to act against potentially pathogenic bacteria. Maintaining the intestinal physiological and microbial balance in weaning piglets is of high importance for the prevention of digestive disorders. It is generally assumed that the antibacterial effects of MCFA depend on the degree of dissociation of the fatty acids. The pH-value of the surrounding environment is therefore of high importance. The aim of this study was to examine the antibacterial effects of MCFA by feeding the MCFA caprylic and capric acid with the short chain organic acids (KOS) fumaric and lactic acid to piglets, which should reduce the pH in the upper digestive tract. By examining the length of the villi and depth of the crypts of the small intestine, and by quantifying the intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), the effects of the implemented feed additives on the mucosa of the small intestine and the local immune system could be studied. A total of 96 male castrated piglets (weaned at 25 ± 1 days of age) were randomly assigned into four different dietary groups in three consecutive periods. The control group received a commercial starter diet. The treatment groups received the same diet supplemented with either 1.05% of a product containing 71 % KOS (56 % fumaric acid, 44 % lactic acid and 29 % silicon dioxide (SiO2) as a carrier), or 1.05 % KOS in combination with 0.3 % of an additive with MCFA (KOS+MCFA) containing caprylic acid (C:8) and caproic acid (C:10) (25 % of each acid and 50 % of SiO2). The piglets of the treatment group MCFA received 0.3 % of the same product with C:8 and C:10 (25 % of each acid and 50 % of SiO2). The zootechnical data were recorded on a weekly basis. After a four week feeding period, three piglets per group (nine piglets in total) were euthanized and the contents of the stomach, jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum were collected for further analyses. Digestibility parameters were gathered by determining the pH-values, the apparent ileal and total digestibility of crude nutrients, as well as the dry matter. Lactobacilli and enterobacteria log cell counts were determined in the digesta by quantitative real-time PCR. Intestinal E. coli virulence factors were differentiated via Multiplex-PCR in the colon and subsequently quantified by real-time PCR. Concentrations of bacterial metabolites (lactate, ammonium and SCFA) were determined along the intestinal tract. To investigate the potential impact of the feed additives on the small intestine morphology and local immune system, tissue samples were taken from the middle of the jejunum for villus length and crypt depth measurements, and to quantify IEL. CD3 positive IEL were determined via immunhistochemistry and flow cytometry, whereas CD2, CD5, CD8β. CD16 and γδ -TCR positive IEL were only analysed by flow cytometry. Zootechnical data were affected in week three of the experiment, during… Advisors/Committee Members: w (gender), Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jürgen Zentek (firstReferee), Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wilfried Meyer (furtherReferee), Univ.-Prof. Dr. Jörg Aschenbach (furtherReferee).

Subjects/Keywords: piglets; medium chain fatty acids; short chain fatty acids; feed additives; diet; pH; buffering capacity; antimicrobial properti; 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ferrara, F. (2012). Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets. (Thesis). Freie Universität Berlin. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14489

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ferrara, Fabienne. “Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets.” 2012. Thesis, Freie Universität Berlin. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14489.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ferrara, Fabienne. “Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ferrara F. Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets. [Internet] [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14489.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ferrara F. Medium-chain fatty acids and short chain organic acids as feed additives for weaned piglets. [Thesis]. Freie Universität Berlin; 2012. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.17169/refubium-14489

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Chicago

28. Gabriel, Fernanda Carramaschi. The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review.

Degree: 2018, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23268

► Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine that can activate a chain of reactions in the hypothalamus to exert its functions. Extreme variations of leptin levels are… (more)

▼ Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine that can activate a chain of reactions in the hypothalamus to exert its functions. Extreme variations of leptin levels are associated with body dysfunction, which can be influenced by several factors. As the association of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and leptin have not been fully studied, it would be important to understand if SCFA is one more factor that affect leptin´s metabolism. Methods: A systematic search occurred at PubMed/Medline in March 2018. Inclusion criteria were primary articles in English, that measured leptin synthesis or signaling, as well as SCFA used as an intervention, mechanism or outcome of results. Results: This systematic search found 573 articles, which were assessed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This led to 36 included articles published between 2002 and 2018: most studies were performed in animals (24), followed by in vitro studies (8) and human studies (4). In vitro studies showed that SCFA stimulate leptin expression in adipocytes through activation of FFAR3. Animal studies represent a realistic approach, considering the complex metabolism that leptin and SCFA have in the body. The interventions to modulate high-fat diets´ outcomes mostly caused a decrease in leptin concentration and increased in SCFA, added to suppressed body weight – which seems to be the most relevant factor that impacts leptin production. Moreover, SCFA and leptin levels might be related through different pathways, such as AMPK, PKA and PPAR-γ. The improvement in the quality of the microbiota can also play a role in this association. Human studies had very diverse sample and methods, though they also show that leptin is mainly correlated with adiposity, but microbiota also takes part in it. Conclusion: The current systematic review shows that the association between SCFA and leptin is not completely clear but occurs mainly through the activation of FFAR3 in adipocytes. Leptin expression depends on many factors, mainly body fat, which is predominant comparing to other influences, such as FFAR3 activation. Interventions that improve dysbiosis and balance SCFA production can have positive outcomes on leptin levels. Advisors/Committee Members: Fantuzzi, Giamila (advisor), Varady, Kristina (committee member), Song, Zhenyuan (committee member), Fantuzzi, Giamila (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Leptin; Short-chain fatty acids; SCFA; butyrate; acetate; propionate; microbiota; adipocytes; high-fat diet; HFD; FFAR; free fatty acids receptor; systematic review

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gabriel, F. C. (2018). The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gabriel, Fernanda Carramaschi. “The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review.” 2018. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gabriel, Fernanda Carramaschi. “The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gabriel FC. The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gabriel FC. The Association of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Leptin Metabolism: A Systematic Review. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Benetel, Gabriela. Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos.

Degree: Mestrado, Qualidade e Produtividade Animal, 2014, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-22092014-092411/ ;

►

Os objetivos destes trabalhos foram avaliar a inclusão de altos níveis de monensina em suplementos proteico de baixo consumo para bovinos sobre (i) desempenho; (ii)… (more)

▼

Os objetivos destes trabalhos foram avaliar a inclusão de altos níveis de monensina em suplementos proteico de baixo consumo para bovinos sobre (i) desempenho; (ii) fermentação e degradabilidade ruminal e (iii) produção de metano. Para tanto, foram realizados três experimentos distintos. Os experimentos realizados são apresentados na forma de capítulos. Nos Capítulos I e II são apresentados a introdução e a revisão de literatura. No Capítulo III (desempenho), foram utilizados 64 novilhos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em quatro tratamentos: 0, 400, 800 e 1200 mg de monensina sódica/ kg de suplemento proteico. Os animais permaneceram em quatro piquetes de Brachiaria decumbens onde eram submetidos a rodízios semanais. Amostras de pasto foram colhidas para determinação das variáveis qualitativas e quantitativas da forragem. Foram estimados o consumo médio de suplemento, consumo individual de suplemento e ganho de peso médio diário. A inclusão de monensina nos níveis estudados diminuiu o consumo de suplemento e piorou o desempenho animal. No Capítulo IV (fermentação e degradabilidade ruminal), foram utilizados quatro bovinos da raça nelore, canulados no rúmen, em experimento com delineamento quadrado latino 4x4 por 84 dias. Os animais foram arraçoados com dieta composta de feno de Brachiaria decumbens (à vontade), 500 g/cabeça/dia de suplemento proteinado de baixo consumo e monensina sódica conforme os tratamentos: 0, 200, 400 e 600 mg/dia. Os parâmetros ruminais avaliados foram: produções de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC); concentração de nitrogênio amoniacal; pH; consumo de matéria seca; degradabilidade in situ da MS e FDA do feno de B. decumbens. Os valores encontrados para a fermentação ruminal (pH, N-NH3 e AGCC) e degradabilidade in situ da MS não foram afetados pelos tratamentos. O aumento dos níveis de monensina diminuíram linearmente o consumo de matéria seca e a degradabilidade potencial da fibra. No Capítulo V (produção de metano), quatro níveis de monensina foram testados em ensaio in vitro de produção de gases com o objetivo de avaliar a cinética fermentativa, produção de AGCC, degradabilidade da matéria seca, e produção do gás metano. Para tanto, feno de Brachiaria decumbens e suplemento proteico de baixo consumo foram utilizados como substrato. Foi simulado um consumo médio de suplemento de 500g/animal/dia acrescido dos níveis de monensina: 0, 200, 400 e 600 mg. Foram coletados amostras dos gases para mensuração da produção de metano em 24 hrs de incubação. A degradabilidade da matéria seca e a produção de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta foram determinados às 24 e 96 horas de incubação. A produção potencial de gases diminuiu conforme a inclusão monensina. O tempo de colonização das amostras aumentou com a inclusão de monensina. Não foram observadas diferenças na degradabilidade da matéria seca e na produção de metano e AGCC entre os tratamentos.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the inclusion of high monensin levels on protein supplements for cattle on (i) performance, (ii) fermentation and…

Advisors/Committee Members: Zanetti, Marcus Antonio.

Subjects/Keywords: Ácidos graxos de cadeia curta; Ammonia nitrogen; Ganho de peso; Ionóforos; Ionophores; Nitrogênio amoniacal; Short-chain fatty acids; Weight gain

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Benetel, G. (2014). Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-22092014-092411/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Benetel, Gabriela. “Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-22092014-092411/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Benetel, Gabriela. “Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Benetel G. Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-22092014-092411/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Benetel G. Efeitos da inclusão de monensina sódica em suplementos proteicos sobre o desempenho, fermentação ruminal, degradabilidade do feno de Brachiaria decumbens e produção de metano em bovinos. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-22092014-092411/ ;

30. Ernandes, Mariane Ceschin. Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos.

Degree: Mestrado, Qualidade e Produtividade Animal, 2014, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30012015-153240/ ;

►

No presente trabalho estudou-se o metabolismo ruminal e a fermentação com produção de gases e de metano avaliadas pela técnica de ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em duas… (more)

▼

No presente trabalho estudou-se o metabolismo ruminal e a fermentação com produção de gases e de metano avaliadas pela técnica de ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em duas espécies de ruminantes domésticos, o bovino e o bubalino, visando contribuir com a importante área da nutrição de ruminantes na geração de dados para realização de uma alimentação mais eficiente e econômica desses animais. Para tanto, o trabalho está apresentado em forma de capítulos com uma Introdução sobre o tema, uma revisão da literatura e o Capítulo 3 redigido na forma de um artigo científico para futura publicação. Na revisão da literatura (Capítulo 2) são apresentadas discussões sobre os principais trabalhos publicados em literatura especializada em importantes aspectos, subdivididos nos seguintes tópicos: Diferenças fisiológicas no processo digestivo entre bovinos e bubalinos; a proteína na nutrição de ruminantes; a uréia como fonte proteica; fermentação ruminal e seus produtos e fatores que influenciam a fermentação ruminal. Ressalta-se, porém, que há escassez de trabalhos publicados comparando as duas espécies de ruminantes nessa área, especialmente com o uso de uréia em dietas. Como os ruminantes possuem a capacidade de transformar fonte de nitrogênio não proteico em proteína de alto valor biológico há necessidade de explorar essa vantagem da espécie para diminuir os custos de produção sem afetar a produção desses animais. Há vantagens e desvantagens do uso da uréia na alimentação animal, mas é necessário elucidar as diferenças que existem nas duas espécies quando utilizamos essa fonte de nitrogênio. Neste estudo foi possível caracterizar o perfil da fermentação ruminal das duas espécies estudadas. A produção de metano pelos ruminantes é apontada como fator contribuidor para o efeito estufa, e neste trabalho avaliamos esses parâmetros tanto de metabolismo como de fermentação existentes nessas espécies e a influência da uréia nesses sistemas. A utilização de uréia em uma dieta com 50% de volumoso promoveu maior consumo de matéria seca e extrato etéreo e maior produção de ácido propiônico com menos relação acético:propiônico, não influenciando nos coeficientes de digestibilidade dos nutrientes, na dinâmica ruminal e no pH em relação às dietas com 50% de volumoso sem uréia e com 80% de volumoso com uréia. Além disso, essa última dieta promoveu redução da produção de metano em relação à dieta contendo 50% de volumoso e 50% de concentrado com nitrogênio proteico com farelo de soja, modulando de forma a evidenciar sua importância na nutrição de ruminantes, com redução de custos de produção e dos efeitos deletérios causados pelo gás metano ao meio ambiente.

We have studied the ruminal metabolism fermentation with gas production and methane measured by ex-situ technique (micro-rumen) in two species of domestic ruminants, cattle and buffaloes to contribute to the important area of ruminant nutrition in order to become more efficient and economical feeding of these animals. To this end, the work is presented in the form of chapters with an introduction on…

Advisors/Committee Members: Franzolin Neto, Raul.

Subjects/Keywords: Ácidos graxos de cadeia curta; Bovinos; Búfalos; Buffalo; Cattle; Digestibilidade; Digestibility; Metano; Methane; Short-chain fatty acids

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ernandes, M. C. (2014). Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30012015-153240/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ernandes, Mariane Ceschin. “Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed March 08, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30012015-153240/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ernandes, Mariane Ceschin. “Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ernandes MC. Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30012015-153240/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Ernandes MC. Efeitos da uréia em dietas com duas proporções volumoso: concentrado no metabolismo ruminal e na produção de metano avaliados pela técnica de fermentação ruminal ex-situ (micro-rúmen) em búfalos e bovinos. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-30012015-153240/ ;

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