subject:(seedbank)

University of Pretoria

1. Swanepoel, Merike. Doornkloof.

Degree: Architecture, 2013, University of Pretoria

► This dissertation grew from an investigation of the farm Doornkloof in Irene, Pretoria. The farm was home to General Jan Smuts and it is here… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Doornkloof; Holism; Grass; Seedbank; Herbarium; Citizens of Tshwane and Irene; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Swanepoel, M. (2013). Doornkloof. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31645

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Swanepoel, Merike. “Doornkloof.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31645.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Swanepoel, Merike. “Doornkloof.” 2013. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Swanepoel M. Doornkloof. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31645.

Council of Science Editors:

Swanepoel M. Doornkloof. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/31645

Oregon State University

2. Snider, Gabrielle. Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state.

Degree: MS, Forest Science, 2010, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/15455

► Dry coniferous forests in the western United States are experiencing severe wildfires, insect outbreaks, forest disease epidemics and a growing presence of invasive species. Policies… (more)

▼ Dry coniferous forests in the western United States are experiencing severe wildfires, insect outbreaks, forest disease epidemics and a growing presence of invasive species. Policies strongly emphasize reducing hazardous fuels at the Wildland Urban Interface (WUI) where communities and forests intersect. However, these areas present restoration challenges as they tend to have existing populations of exotic and invasive species due to frequent human disturbance and the presence of roads. This research examined the patterns and relationships between aboveground vegetation and seed germinant abundance and richness in relation to seed bank layer, distance to road, and herbicide treatments. The study was located on the eastern slopes of the central Cascade Mountains near Liberty, Washington; a high priority WUI area slated for hazardous fuels reduction. In June 2006 and 2007, herbicide was applied to noxious weeds in treatment plots, and aboveground vegetation, ground cover and site characteristics measured. In September 2007 litter and mineral soil samples were collected, cold-moist stratified and grown in a greenhouse. Six hundred and thirty seeds germinated from litter and mineral soil samples and forty three species identified. Most germinants (77%) and species (36 species) emerged from the litter layer compared to mineral soil (15 species) and the majority were annual forbs, followed by perennial forbs, graminoids and exotic species. Overall germinant density, frequency and richness were low regardless of distance to road, herbicide treatment or seed bank layer. Little similarity was found between the vegetation and seed bank floras. Fourteen percent of germinants were exotic and invasive species, and were found in similar abundances regardless of proximity to road or herbicide treatment. No effect of the herbicide treatment was found in the vegetation or the seed bank. Our findings suggest the contribution of forest seed banks for post-disturbance understories may be relatively low. Persistent vegetation and dispersal from off-site sources will likely play a large role in early succession following disturbance. However, post disturbance studies are needed to fully evaluate the role of the seed bank in early succession. Advisors/Committee Members: Doescher, Paul (advisor), Muir, Patricia (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: seedbank; Invasive plants – Washington (State) – Swauk River Watershed

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APA (6^th Edition):

Snider, G. (2010). Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/15455

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Snider, Gabrielle. “Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/15455.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Snider, Gabrielle. “Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state.” 2010. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Snider G. Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/15455.

Council of Science Editors:

Snider G. Aboveground vegetation and viable seed bank of a dry mixed-conifer forest at a wildland-urban interface in Washington state. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/15455

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

3. Fu, Xianhui. Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank.

Degree: PhD, 0190, 2013, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45600

► Knowledge related to seed persistence in soil is critical for weed control decisions in the integrated weed management systems. Many annual weed species have dormant… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Seed dormancy; seed persistence; soil seedbank; seed half-life; seed longevity.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fu, X. (2013). Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45600

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fu, Xianhui. “Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45600.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fu, Xianhui. “Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank.” 2013. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Fu X. Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45600.

Council of Science Editors:

Fu X. Relationship between seed dormancy and persistence of seeds of annual ruderal species in the soil seedbank. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/45600

Utah State University

4. Hazelton, Eric L. G. Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay.

Degree: PhD, Ecology, 2018, Utah State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7229

► Biological invasions have adverse economic, cultural, and ecological effects worldwide. Among the most impactful in North America is the invasion of Phragmites australis (Phragmites),… (more)

▼ Biological invasions have adverse economic, cultural, and ecological effects worldwide. Among the most impactful in North America is the invasion of Phragmites australis (Phragmites), a large-scale clonal grass that rapidly colonizes wetlands. Phragmites crowds out native plants and alters habitat for native fauna. In doing so, Phragmites also alters human access to water resources and has adverse economic effects, including decreasing property value, inhibiting recreational use, and limiting populations of game species. The efforts described in this dissertation are a component of a large, multidisciplinary effort to better understand the anthropogenic stressors to Chesapeake Bay, Maryland, at the land/water interface. Utah State University worked in collaboration with the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center and other academic and public organizations to address this problem from multiple directions. The diverse and extensive studies ranged from aquatic and avian faunal composition and submerged aquatic vegetation to our work on the invasive wetland grass, Phragmites. Having assessed the existing literature and its shortcomings, we conducted a large-scale, long-term study of the effects of Phragmites removal on the Bay. By removing Phragmites from plots in select sub-estuaries of Chesapeake Bay through herbicide spraying, leaving associated plots intact, and comparing both with native wetland conditions, we sought to better understand herbicidal management of Phragmites and the potential for wetland plant community recovery. Although sprayings decreased the relative cover, stem diameters, and stem densities of Phragmites, we found that herbicide treatment alone was not adequate to restore native plant communities or significantly affect seedbank composition. Our results demonstrate the resilience of Phragmites and call for a diverse range of control measures, including mowing, grazing, burning to expose the seedbank to germination, and—if economics allow—active revegetation to establish the desired plant community composition. This dissertation provides beneficial data for those who seek to manage Phragmites in wetland plant communities, but there is much work still to be done. The literature review, seedbank study, and community analysis included in this volume are components of a larger research program on Phragmites management. Future studies should, in particular, investigate revegetation and nutrient amelioration as means to recover pre-invasion vegetation. Advisors/Committee Members: Karin Kettenring, ;.

Subjects/Keywords: Invasive plants; Phragmites; seedbank; restoration; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hazelton, E. L. G. (2018). Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay. (Doctoral Dissertation). Utah State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7229

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hazelton, Eric L G. “Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Utah State University. Accessed December 06, 2019. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7229.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hazelton, Eric L G. “Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay.” 2018. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Hazelton ELG. Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Utah State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7229.

Council of Science Editors:

Hazelton ELG. Impacts of Phragmites australis Management on Wetland Plant Community Recovery, Seedbank Composition, and the Physical Environment in the Chesapeake Bay. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Utah State University; 2018. Available from: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7229

University of Adelaide

5. Ngo, The Duc. Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia.

Degree: 2017, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119095

► Chloris truncata and C. virgata, which are major weeds in cotton and grain crops in the sub-tropical region of Australia, have recently emerged as potential… (more)

▼ Chloris truncata and C. virgata, which are major weeds in cotton and grain crops in the sub-tropical region of Australia, have recently emerged as potential weeds of the future in southern Australia. Glyphosate, an inhibitor of 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3- phosphate synthase (EPSPS), is the most widely used non-selective post-emergence herbicide globally. As a result of over-reliance on glyphosate combined with dominance of reduced tillage systems for weed control, glyphosate-resistant populations of C. truncata have already been reported in Australia. C. virgata is also considered hard to kill with glyphosate, but resistance has not been reported so far in the literature. Studies on growth, development and seed biology of C. truncata and C. virgata were conducted to better understand the biology of these emerging weed species. Under field conditions, C. truncata and C. virgata required 748-786 degree-days (Cd) and 1200 Cd respectively to progress from emergence to mature seed production. Freshly produced seeds of C. virgata were dormant for about 2 months, whereas 16-40% of seeds of C. truncata germinated within a week after maturation. Seed dormancy of C. virgata was released by the pre-treatment with 564 mM NaClO for 30 minutes. Exposure to light significantly increased germination of C. truncata seed from 0-2% in the dark to 77-84% in the light, and of C. virgata seed from 2-35% in the dark to 72- 85% in the light. Seeds of these two species could germinate over a wide temperature range (10-40 °C), with maximum germination at 20-25 °C for C. truncata and 15-25 °C for C. virgata. The predicted base temperature for germination was 9.2-11.2 °C for C. truncata and much lower 2.1-3.0 °C for C. virgata. Seedling emergence of C. virgata (76% for seeds present on soil surface) was significantly reduced by burial at 1 (57%), 2 (49%) and 5 cm (9%), whereas seedling emergence of C. truncata was completely inhibited by burial of seed even at a shallow depth (0.5 cm). Under field conditions, both C. truncata and C. virgata seeds persisted in the soil for at least 11 months and seasons with below-average spring-summer rainfall increased seed persistence. Detailed studies were undertaken to identify glyphosate-resistant populations and to understand the mechanism of glyphosate resistance in C. truncata and C. virgata. Glyphosate resistance (GR) was confirmed in five populations of C. truncata and four populations of C. virgata. GR plants were 2.4 to 8.7-fold (C. truncata) and 2 to 9.7-fold (C. virgata) more resistant and accumulated less shikimate after glyphosate treatment than susceptible (S) plants. The differences in shikimate accumulation indicated that glyphosate did reach the target site but inhibited the EPSPS enzyme of each population differently. Glyphosate absorption and translocation did not differ between GR and S plants of either C. truncata or C. virgata. Two target-site EPSPS mutations (Pro-106-Leu and Pro-106-Ser) were likely to be the primary mechanism of glyphosate resistance in C. virgata but no previously known… Advisors/Committee Members: Gill, Gurjeet (advisor), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine (school).

Subjects/Keywords: germination; dormancy; seedbank persistence; glyphosate resistance; EPSPS target-site mutation; EPSPS gene amplification

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ngo, T. D. (2017). Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119095

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ngo, The Duc. “Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia.” 2017. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119095.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ngo, The Duc. “Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia.” 2017. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Ngo TD. Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119095.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ngo TD. Biology and glyphosate resistance in Chloris truncata (windmill grass) and Chloris virgata (feathertop Rhodes grass) in southern Australia. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/119095

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Florida International University

6. Mossman, Ronald E. Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants.

Degree: Biology, 2009, Florida International University

URL: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/135 ; 10.25148/etd.FI09120803 ; FI09120803

► In this study three aspects of sexual reproduction in Everglades plants were examined to more clearly understand seed dispersal and the allocation of resources… (more)

▼ In this study three aspects of sexual reproduction in Everglades plants were examined to more clearly understand seed dispersal and the allocation of resources to sexual reproduction— spatial dispersal process, temporal dispersal of seeds (seedbank), and germination patterns in the dominant species, sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense). Community assembly rules for fruit dispersal were deduced by analysis of functional traits associated with this process. Seedbank ecology was investigated by monitoring emergence of germinants from sawgrass soil samples held under varying water depths to determine the fate of dispersed seeds. Fine-scale study of sawgrass fruits yielded information on contributions to variation in sexually produced propagules in this species, which primarily reproduces vegetatively. It was hypothesized that Everglades plants possess a set of functional traits that enhance diaspore dispersal. To test this, 14 traits were evaluated among 51 species by factor analysis. The factorial plot of this analysis generated groups of related traits, with four suites of traits forming dispersal syndromes. Hydrochory traits were categorized by buoyancy and appendages enhancing buoyancy. Anemochory traits were categorized by diaspore size and appendages enhancing air movement. Epizoochory traits were categorized by diaspore size, buoyancy, and appendages allowing for attachment. Endozoochory traits were categorized by diaspore size, buoyancy, and appendages aiding diaspore presentation. These patterns/trends of functional trait organization also represent dispersal community assembly rules. Seeds dispersed by hydrochory were hypothesized to be caught most often in the edge of the north side of sawgrass patches. Patterns of germination and dispersal mode of all hydrochorous macrophytes with propagules in the seedbank were elucidated by germination analysis from 90 soil samples collected from 10 sawgrass patches. Mean site seed density was 486 seeds/m2 from 13 species. Most seeds collected at the north side of patches and significantly in the outer one meter of the patch edge (p = 0.013). Sawgrass seed germination was hypothesized to vary by site, among individual plants, and within different locations of a plant’s infructescence. An analysis of sawgrass fruits with nested ANOVAs found that collection site and interaction of site x individual plant significantly affect germination ability, seed viability, and fruit size (p < 0.050). Fruit location within a plant’s infructescence did not significantly affect germination. As for allocation of resources to sexual reproduction, only 17.9% of sawgrass seeds germinated and only 4.8% of ungerminated seeds with fleshy endosperm were presumed viable, but dormant. Collectively, only 22% of all sawgrass seeds produced were viable. Advisors/Committee Members: Suzanne Koptur, Bradley C. Bennett, Krish Jayachandran, Joyce Maschiniski, Jennifer H. Richards.

Subjects/Keywords: Seed dispersal; hydrochory; Everglades; functional traits; seedbank; germination assay; sawgrass; community assembly rules; Botany; Plant Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mossman, R. E. (2009). Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants. (Thesis). Florida International University. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/135 ; 10.25148/etd.FI09120803 ; FI09120803

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mossman, Ronald E. “Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants.” 2009. Thesis, Florida International University. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/135 ; 10.25148/etd.FI09120803 ; FI09120803.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mossman, Ronald E. “Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants.” 2009. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Mossman RE. Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2009. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/135 ; 10.25148/etd.FI09120803 ; FI09120803.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mossman RE. Seed Dispersal and Reproduction Patterns Among Everglades Plants. [Thesis]. Florida International University; 2009. Available from: http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/135 ; 10.25148/etd.FI09120803 ; FI09120803

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

7. Champagne, Rebecca. ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT.

Degree: 2017, Penn State University

URL: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14768rbc5196

► Many organic farmers would like to reduce tillage to aid with soil conservation and decrease labor and fuel costs. However, tillage is still necessary for… (more)

▼ Many organic farmers would like to reduce tillage to aid with soil conservation and decrease labor and fuel costs. However, tillage is still necessary for weed control and incorporation of nutrient amendments. One strategy for reducing tillage revolves around cover crop-based, organic rotational no-till, which employs cover crop mulches and no-till cash crop planting. Primary tillage occurs in the fall at cover crop establishment, and in-season weed control relies on suppression by the cover crop mulch along with supplemental inter-row cultivation. We initiated a cropping systems experiment to study several strategies for reducing tillage frequency and intensity within an organic grain/silage rotation in the Mid-Atlantic. Four cropping systems (S1-S4) were examined before soybean and corn crops. For soybean, either a cover crop mixture interseeded into corn harvested for grain or fall sown cereal rye after corn silage and before soybean was terminated via tillage or roller-crimper, respectively. Soybean were either seeded into the tilled cover crop mixture (S2 and S4) or no-till planted into the cereal rye mulch (S1 and S3). Cover crops preceding corn included two systems of hairy vetch/triticale sown after spelt harvest (S1 and S2) and primary tillage, and two systems of red clover/timothy frost-seeded into spelt in late winter (S3 and S4). One hairy vetch system was terminated via roller-crimping (S1), while the other three systems relied on spring tillage to incorporate the cover crop and livestock manure. One hairy vetch and red clover system were grown for corn silage (S1 and S3), while the other two were harvested as grain corn. The results showed that for the soybean crop, while the interseeded mix generally produced around 2,000 kg ha-1 biomass, cereal rye typically produced about 5,000 kg ha-1, with upwards of 8,000 kg ha-1. Weed suppression varied from year to year based on environmental conditions which sometimes hindered in-season cultivation. Weed control was good and subsequent biomass production was as low as 95 kg ha-1 in 2015, but reached upwards of 2,000 kg ha-1 in 2016, when weather conditions prevented effective mechanical weed control. Despite differences in both soybean stand and weed biomass, yields were comparable between the no-till and tilled soybean systems, ranging from 1,800-3,000 kg ha-1 across years. For the corn crop, red clover/timothy produced 3,300-4,500 kg ha-1 cover crop biomass, while hairy vetch/triticale was more variable, producing 3,600-7,500 kg ha-1 biomass over the three years. Although weed biomass at the time of corn planting was below 78 kg ha-1, in-season weed control varied by both treatment and year depending on the effectiveness of in-season cultivation. Late-summer weed biomass levels ranged from 300 kg ha-1 up to 2,700 kg ha-1, with less effective weed control resulting when environmental conditions prevented timely blind tillage and inter-row cultivation. Corn grain yields were not different from year to year; however, corn silage yields were different between… Advisors/Committee Members: William Curran, Thesis Advisor.

Subjects/Keywords: Organic; reduced-tillage; weed management; organic soybean; organic corn; weed seedbank; cover crop-based organic rotational no-till

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APA (6^th Edition):

Champagne, R. (2017). ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14768rbc5196

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Champagne, Rebecca. “ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed December 06, 2019. https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14768rbc5196.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Champagne, Rebecca. “ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT.” 2017. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Champagne R. ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14768rbc5196.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Champagne R. ALTERNATIVES FOR REDUCING TILLAGE IN AN ORGANIC GRAIN/SILAGE PRODUCTION SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR WEED MANAGEMENT. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14768rbc5196

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Florida

8. Sharma, Ajay. Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems.

Degree: PhD, Forest Resources and Conservation, 2012, University of Florida

URL: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044660

► Concern over the loss of longleaf pine-slash pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) ecosystems and the associated high level of biodiversity in the southeastern United States has… (more)

▼ Concern over the loss of longleaf pine-slash pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) ecosystems and the associated high level of biodiversity in the southeastern United States has led to an increased interest in their restoration and development of best management practices. This research, conducted using both simulation analysis and field data from multiple sites in north-west and north-central Florida, addressed three important aspects related to their restoration and management: 1) evaluating various silvicultural regimes to restore overstory structure and meet multiple objectives, 2) quantifying dynamics of the biophysical environment, specifically light levels with various silvicultural treatments and species composition, and 3) examining soil seed banks for their potential to restore understory biodiversity in degraded stands. Simulation analysis of 49 scenarios of different silvicultural regimes identified possible management options to restore degraded mature slash pine plantations to multifunctional uneven-aged stands which could maximize the provision of multiple benefits including timber production, structural diversity, and carbon storage. Appropriate options include converting slash pine plantations using the irregular shelterwood method with basal area of 4.6 square meter per hectare on a cutting cycle of 20 years and regeneration of 741 or more seedlings/hectare. For management at higher residual basal area of 11.5 square meter per hectare, several different silvicultural regimes maximized the provision of multiple benefits but more so with high levels of regeneration following harvests. Among the various uneven-aged silvicultural methods evaluated in field trials, group selection method resulted in the creation of understory light conditions desirable for both tree regeneration and understory biodiversity. The understory light availability created by group selection method was comparable to that of shelterwood method but had higher variability at the stand level. Light availability also varied with overstory composition, with higher understory light availability in pure longleaf pine stands than those of slash pine. Examination of seed bank in degraded, partially restored, and restored stands in pine flatwoods sites found a total of 26, 39, and 64 species respectively, mainly consisting of sedges and rushes. Unlike other stands, seed density in degraded stands was higher at a depth of 5-10 cm in soil. ( en ) Advisors/Committee Members: Jose, Shibu (committee chair), Andreu, Michael Gardner (committee member), Cropper, Wendell P (committee member), Miller, Deborah L (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ecosystems; Forests; Overstory; Plantations; Seeds; Simulations; Species; State forests; Understory; Vegetation; conversion – light – restoration – seedbank – thinning – understory – uneven

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sharma, A. (2012). Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044660

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sharma, Ajay. “Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044660.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sharma, Ajay. “Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems.” 2012. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sharma A. Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044660.

Council of Science Editors:

Sharma A. Role of Uneven-Aged Silviculture and the Soil Seed Bank in Restoration of Longleaf Pine-Slash Pine (Pinus palustris-Pinus elliottii) Ecosystems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2012. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0044660

University of Florida

9. Rouse, Christopher E. Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production.

Degree: MS, Horticultural Sciences, 2013, University of Florida

URL: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0046331

► Two studies were conducted for the purpose of this thesis:the first investigated the movement of weeds in seepage irrigated potato fields and the second developed… (more)

▼ Two studies were conducted for the purpose of this thesis:the first investigated the movement of weeds in seepage irrigated potato fields and the second developed new herbicide programs for weed control in potato. Sub- surface seepage irrigation is the primary means by which potato is irrigated in Florida. In 2012 and 2013,a study was conducted to quantify weed population distribution and movement from the irrigation furrows and the start of the crop row, into potato crop fields. In-field weed counts and greenhouse weed seedbank enumeration were used to quantify weed populations and seedbank densities of four commercial potato fields in Flagler County, FL. In- field weed populations were significantly higher at the irrigation furrow and first tier (beginning of the crop row) as compared to the crop rows and all other tiers. Seedbank densities had significantly more weeds than the in-field population counts and the pattern of distribution were more variable. A higher density of weed seeds was often located in the crop rows, not the field edges. In-field weed counts were similar to observations by producers and researchers. However, in-field counts did not predict the weed seed distribution within the fields. Adjusting seedbank enumeration to include only agronomicaly important weeds resulted in a more accurate representation of in field weed populations. Experiments to evaluate potato tolerance and weed control of new season- long herbicide programs were conducted in 2012 and 2013 in Flagler County, Florida. Both experiments included fomesafen PRE,S-metolachlor PRE, and imazosulfuron POST; these three herbicides were applied alone and combined at varying rates for fourteen herbicide treatments. A grower standard (metribuzin + pendimethalin) and a nontreated control were also included. Potato crop tolerance trials were completed at the Florida Partnership for Water, Agriculture, and Community Sustainability at Hastings.Potato injury did not exceed 5% in either year and no effects on grade distribution or total yield were observed from any of the herbicides. Weed control studies were conducted at two on-farm locations. Differences in the weed species between years resulted in differences in weed control. In 2012, fomesafen f.b. imazosulfuron or S-metolachlor f.b. imazosulfuron had greater control of all species as compared to the nontreated control and the grower standard. The POST application of imazosulfuron prolonged control following the PRE herbicides resulting in sustained weed control throughout the season. In 2013, fomesafen and S-metolachlor provided similar control of the large crabgrass,however, no additional control from imazosulfuron. An herbicide program, which includes S-metolachlor or fomesafen PRE, and imazosulfuron POST is important for season long control of susceptible weeds with excellent potato tolerance. ( en ) Advisors/Committee Members: DITTMAR,PETER J (committee chair), MACDONALD,GREGORY E (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Agricultural seasons; Crops; Furrow irrigation; Furrows; Herbicides; Irrigation; Population density; Species; Tubers; Weeds; control – distribution – enumeration – herbicide – movement – seedbank – weeds

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rouse, C. E. (2013). Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production. (Masters Thesis). University of Florida. Retrieved from http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0046331

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rouse, Christopher E. “Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Florida. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0046331.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rouse, Christopher E. “Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production.” 2013. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Rouse CE. Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Florida; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0046331.

Council of Science Editors:

Rouse CE. Weed Ecology and Management in Florida Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Production. [Masters Thesis]. University of Florida; 2013. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0046331

Miami University

10. Doty, Jessica E. Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers.

Degree: Master of Environmental Science, Environmental Sciences, 2016, Miami University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480522993553463

► The relatively recent rise of genetic modification technology and its increasing use has changed the agricultural, economic, and regulatory landscape of the United States. This… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Agriculture; Food Science; non-GMO; feed; seed; grain; Ohio; online platform; online forum; commodities; genetically modified organisms; biotech; regulation; labeling; culture; certification; seedbank

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APA (6^th Edition):

Doty, J. E. (2016). Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers. (Masters Thesis). Miami University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480522993553463

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doty, Jessica E. “Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Miami University. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480522993553463.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doty, Jessica E. “Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers.” 2016. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Doty JE. Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Miami University; 2016. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480522993553463.

Council of Science Editors:

Doty JE. Creating a Non-GMO Grain and Feed Exchange System for Ohio Farmers. [Masters Thesis]. Miami University; 2016. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1480522993553463

11. Serajchi, Mostafa 1982-. FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA.

Degree: 2017, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8093

► The forage yield and quality, weed seedbank abundance and allelopathic potential of seven native grass and legume species were evaluated in field and greenhouse experiments… (more)

▼ The forage yield and quality, weed seedbank abundance and allelopathic potential of seven native grass and legume species were evaluated in field and greenhouse experiments conducted at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Swift Current Research and Development Centre (SCRDC), Saskatchewan, Canada. Native perennial forage species were selected from three functional groups (C3, C4 grasses and legumes) and seeded in 2010 and 2014 in monocultures and mixtures, including: western wheatgrass (WWG) (Pascopyrum smithii (Rydb.) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey), bluebunch wheatgrass (BBW) (Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) Á. Löve), nodding brome (NOB) (Bromus porteri (J.M. Coult.) Nash), little blue stem (LBS) (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash), side-oats grama (SOG) (Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr.), purple prairie clover (PPC) (Dalea purpurea Vent.) and white prairie clover (WPC) (Dalea candida Willd.). Objectives of this thesis were to: 1) evaluate the long-term forage yield and quality of these forage species in monocultures and mixtures; 2) determine the weed seedbank density and aboveground weed populations in stands of these species; and 3) evaluate the allelopathic effect of these species on three problematic weeds: dandelion (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.), scentless chamomile (Matricaria perforata Mérat) and foxtail barley (Hordeum jubatum L.). Forage mixtures produced greater dry matter than monocultures at all harvesting times. Mixtures of which WWG was a component produced higher forage yield, and a mixture of WWG, BBW, LBS and legumes can provide sustainable forage yield and quality and can be suitable options for seeded pastures. In this study, the forage stands experienced one of the driest and wettest years in the history of the region. We observed no significant differences in forage production of each species from dry to wet year supporting the idea of high stability and productivity of native species during varying climate conditions. Mixtures of forage species also promoted lower weed densities in the seedbank and in the swards aboveground compared to monocultures. Among mixtures, those containing WWG had a significant lower abundance of weeds in the seedbank and aboveground weed populations compared to other forage species. The weed seedbank varied seasonally with the minimum number of weed seeds in early spring and maximum in late summer. The most abundant weeds in the seedbank were the least abundant weeds in aboveground population and vice versa. WWG showed promising results as a native forage species by demonstrating the potential to suppress weeds and reduce weed seed size when seeded in monocultures and mixtures. In the greenhouse, root leachate from WWG, LBS and SOG reduced the aboveground and belowground growth of weeds up to 90%. These findings suggest that the use of allelopathic species may provide weed control and management benefits in seeded pastures and native prairie restorations. In conclusion, forage mixtures produced greater dry matter and promoted lower weed densities in… Advisors/Committee Members: Lamb, Eric G, Schellenberg, Michael P, Coulman, Bruce, Biligetu , Bill, Johnstone, Jill, Warkentin, Tom.

Subjects/Keywords: Native species; Forage; soil seedbank; Allelopathy; Seeded pastures

…55 MULTI-SPECIES FORAGE MIXTURES REDUCE WEED SEEDBANK AND ABOVEGROUND POPULATION… …58 5.2.4 Weed Seedbank Sampling… …60 5.3.1 Aboveground Weed Population and Soil Seedbank… …66 5.3.3 Annual, Biennial and Perennial Weeds in the Seedbank… …66 5.3.4 Weed Seedbank in Monocultures and Mixtures…

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Serajchi, M. 1. (2017). FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8093

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Serajchi, Mostafa 1982-. “FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA.” 2017. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8093.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Serajchi, Mostafa 1982-. “FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA.” 2017. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Serajchi M1. FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2017. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8093.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Serajchi M1. FORAGE PRODUCTION, WEED SEEDBANK AND ALLELOPATHIC POTENTIAL OF SELECTED GRASS AND LEGUME SPECIES NATIVE TO THE GREAT PLAINS REGION OF CANADA. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/8093

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

12. Haile, Teketel. Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity.

Degree: 2013, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-1007

► Seed loss in canola (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica juncea) leads to considerable loss of revenue and dispersal of canola seeds into the soil… (more)

▼ Seed loss in canola (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Brassica juncea) leads to considerable loss of revenue and dispersal of canola seeds into the soil seedbank. Once canola seeds enter the soil seedbank a portion can become secondarily dormant and persist for many years creating volunteer weed problems in following crops. Reducing canola seed loss and seedbank persistence can be an important strategy to reduce the incidence of volunteer weeds. The primary hypothesis of this research was that canola seedbank addition and dormancy induction in the seed are affected by genotype and harvest method. To test this hypothesis, three studies were conducted with the following objectives: i) to determine canola seedbank addition from windrowing and direct-harvesting operations on commercial farms in western Canada, ii) to determine agronomic- and harvest-related factors that may increase seed loss in canola, iii) to determine the effect of stage of crop maturity at harvest on potential to develop seed dormancy in canola, iv) to evaluate canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce canola seedbank addition. A total of 66 canola fields were surveyed across Saskatchewan in 2010 and 2011. Shattered seeds from these fields were sampled within 3 weeks of harvest by using a vacuum cleaner. Agronomic- and harvest-related data were collected for each field using questionnaires. In a separate small plot study the effects of harvest methods (windrowing and direct-harvesting) and pod sealant products (Pod-Stik® and Pod Ceal DC®) on seed loss in five canola genotypes (InVigor5440, RR45H26, InVigor5020, RR4362, and CL8571) were evaluated in 2010 and 2011. In both years, 6 harvest samples were collected weekly from InVigor5440 and InVigor5020 genotypes starting at early stage of crop maturity until harvest to assess the effect of seed maturity on dormancy induction. On commercial farms, the average seedbank addition was 5,821 viable seeds m-2, which was equivalent to 7.3% of the total seed yield. There was no difference in the reported yield and seedbank addition between windrowed and direct-harvested canola on commercial farms. But in the small plot study, windrowing resulted in higher seedbank addition. Higher seedbank addition was observed when the yield of canola was higher and when producers had a larger area seeded to canola. The observed seedbank addition was also higher in Roundup Ready genotypes and when a conventional combine harvester was used to harvest canola. Little primary dormancy and low potential to secondary dormancy induction was observed in InVigor5440 and InVigor5020 seeds at an early stage of crop maturity. But at full maturity seeds of both genotypes had no primary dormancy but showed high potential for secondary dormancy induction. This indicates that windrowing the evaluated genotypes at early stage of crop maturity lowered the potential for secondary dormancy induction. There were appreciable differences in seedbank addition among the evaluated canola genotypes but pod sealant products did not affect seed yield… Advisors/Committee Members: Shirtliffe, Steven J., Coulman, Bruce E., Pozniak, Curtis J., Bueckert, Rosalind A..

Subjects/Keywords: Seed loss; seedbank addition; direct-harvesting; windrowing; volunteer canola

…62 5.3.3 Seedbank addition from dropped siliques… …62 5.3.4 Seedbank addition from shattered seeds… …65 5.3.5 Total seedbank addition… …71 6.1 Canola seedbank addition… …reported yield, yield loss, TSW, shattered seeds, seed viability and seedbank addition as…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Haile, T. (2013). Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-1007

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Haile, Teketel. “Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity.” 2013. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-1007.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Haile, Teketel. “Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity.” 2013. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Haile T. Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2013. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-1007.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Haile T. Evaluating canola genotypes and harvest methods to reduce seedbank addition and longevity. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2013-04-1007

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North Carolina State University

13. Damschen, Ellen Ingman. Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape.

Degree: PhD, Zoology, 2005, North Carolina State University

URL: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/4661

► Land transformation is the single most important factor promoting the global loss of terrestrial biological diversity. Remaining habitat fragments contain more edges, less interior habitat,… (more)

▼ Land transformation is the single most important factor promoting the global loss of terrestrial biological diversity. Remaining habitat fragments contain more edges, less interior habitat, and are more isolated from other habitat fragments, all of which decrease rates of colonization following local extinctions, reduce reproductive rates and gene flow between populations, and ultimately lead to species extinctions. The best approach to prevent species loss, therefore, is to preserve greater areas of habitat. In many cases, however, habitat has already been fragmented and strategies are needed to configure and manage the remaining land. Land managers often create reserve networks that incorporate the use of landscape corridors, linear strips of habitat connecting isolated patches, to reduce species loss by increasing colonizations and decreasing extinctions. Most empirical tests of corridors have been limited to individuals and populations, leaving corridor effects on diversity largely unknown, especially at large spatial scales. Additionally, only a handful of studies have examined corridor effects on plants, which may be especially sensitive to the abiotic changes resulting from alterations in patch shape due to dispersal limitation. Using one of the best-replicated, large-scale habitat fragmentation experiments, I tested explicitly for corridor effects on plant community diversity and composition by examining the established plant community and the soil seedbank. My experimental design distinguished among the three possible ways corridors can affect between-patch processes: by acting as a movement conduit between connected patches ('connectivity effects'), by increasing area alone ('area effects'), and by intercepting organisms moving across the landscape and filtering them into connected patches ('drift-fence effects'). Additionally, I tested for the importance of within-patch edge effects because corridors increase the amount of edge relative to core habitat in a given patch. I provide evidence that corridors increase plant diversity through a combination of connectivity, drift-fence, and edge effects that can be largely predicted from plant dispersal modes. Biotically dispersed plant species (e.g., by birds and mammals) were most affected by connectivity effects, while passively-dispersed species (e.g., by wind or gravity) were most affected by drift-fence effects. Resource managers should consider these differential responses relative to their conservation goals for particular species or communities. In a related experiment, I tested for effects of habitat edges on plant performance, which are known to have impacts on abiotic conditions and biotic interactions. Edge effects have been especially well documented for forest-dwelling species along edges created by clearing or disturbing the surrounding habitat, but edge effects for historically open-habitat species along edges of forests have been virtually ignored. This is the case for many native herbaceous species in the southeastern… Advisors/Committee Members: Nicholas M. Haddad, Committee Chair (advisor), James F. Gilliam, Committee Co-Chair (advisor), Thomas R. Wentworth, Committee Member (advisor), George R. Hess, Committee Member (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: fragmentation; connectivity; patch shape; diversity; plant community; corridors; dispersal; longleaf pine; seedbank

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APA (6^th Edition):

Damschen, E. I. (2005). Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape. (Doctoral Dissertation). North Carolina State University. Retrieved from http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/4661

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Damschen, Ellen Ingman. “Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, North Carolina State University. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/4661.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Damschen, Ellen Ingman. “Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape.” 2005. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Damschen EI. Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. North Carolina State University; 2005. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/4661.

Council of Science Editors:

Damschen EI. Plant Community Response to Landscape Connectivity and Patch Shape. [Doctoral Dissertation]. North Carolina State University; 2005. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/4661

Clemson University

14. Jha, Prashant. Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri).

Degree: PhD, Plant and Environmental Science, 2008, Clemson University

URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/296

► Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) is a troublesome weed of crops in southeastern United States. This research highlights studies on the biology and ecology… (more)

▼ Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) is a troublesome weed of crops in southeastern United States. This research highlights studies on the biology and ecology of Palmer amaranth. Following dispersal in fall, Palmer amaranth seeds require high mean temperatures of 25 to 40 C for germination, which is not likely to occur in South Carolina until the following spring. With dormancy reduction over winter, seeds can germinate at high temperatures (≥25 C) and thermal amplitudes of 15 C during late spring (May) in the presence of light. A majority (>90%) of the non-dormant population in the soil seedbank emerge from early May through mid-July, with two to three peak emergence periods which often follow rainfall events. No difference in emergence was observed between no-tillage and shallow spring tillage situations. Early canopy closure in drill-seeded soybean (18-cm row width) had a suppressive effect on the emergence of Palmer amaranth cohorts following early July. This is attributed to the decrease in photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and red:far-red (R:FR) ratio experienced by seeds lying on the soil surface beneath the canopy in no-tillage systems. Seed germination during fall (August to November) is phytochrome-regulated, with germination stimulation by R light and inhibition by FR light. Burial of seeds to a 10-cm depth for 3 to 6 months induced dormancy with a R or natural light requirement for germination. Palmer amaranth seeds developing under shade conditions (87% reduction in PAR) showed increased dormancy, a survival mechanism in low-light environment. In addition, seeds maturing in the bottom-third of a mother plant exhibited increased dormancy, partially explaining variability in timing and extent of germination within a single seed population. Besides exhibiting increased seed dormancy, Palmer amaranth showed photosynthetic and morphological acclimation to 87% shading. These characteristics make Palmer amaranth a troublesome weed in crop-production systems. Based on this research, an early-season glyphosate application preferably at the V3 stage of glyphosate-resistant soybean in conjunction with early planting dates (April) with narrow row (18-cm wide) spacing can be a promising strategy to reduce Palmer amaranth interference and seed production and improve soybean yields. Advisors/Committee Members: Riley, Melissa B., Norsworthy , Jason K., Reddy , Krishna N., Bielenberg , Douglas G., Camper , Nyal Dwight.

Subjects/Keywords: Germination and emergence; Palmer amaranth; Population dynamics; Seed dormancy; Seedbank; Temperature and light; Agronomy and Crop Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jha, P. (2008). Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). (Doctoral Dissertation). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/296

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jha, Prashant. “Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri).” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Clemson University. Accessed December 06, 2019. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/296.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jha, Prashant. “Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri).” 2008. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Jha P. Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Clemson University; 2008. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/296.

Council of Science Editors:

Jha P. Biology and Ecology of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Clemson University; 2008. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/296

15. Keruzoré, Antoine. Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity.

Degree: PhD, School of Natural Sciences, 2012, University of Stirling

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/7677

► In river ecology the description and understanding of near-natural ecosystem functionality is a difficult task to achieve as the majority of river floodplains have been… (more)

▼ In river ecology the description and understanding of near-natural ecosystem functionality is a difficult task to achieve as the majority of river floodplains have been intensively impacted by human activities. This work addresses ecological functionality of a relatively unimpacted large river system, focussing on the lateral dynamic and connectivity mechanisms driving aquatic vegetation processes. Macrophytes were found to be very patchily distributed at the riverscape scale, being mainly confined to low energy lateral habitats in the floodplain, such as backwaters. Backwaters provided favourable conditions for plants to colonise and recruit and contributed highly to species diversity and productivity at the floodplain scale. Differences between backwaters were attributed to the frequency of connectivity with the main channel during flood events. Nevertheless, the ecological mechanism driving diversity through flooding appears not to be related to flow disturbance. Biomass produced in backwaters was found to remain stable after potentially scouring floods. Therefore the hypothesis that flood disturbances promote species diversity through the removal and destruction of biomass and rejuvenate communities such that species coexistence is increased was rejected. Rather, it appears that diversity in backwaters increases along a temporal gradient as a response to the input of colonists and their accumulation overtime through successive flood inputs. Despite the apparently non-destructive effect of floods on macrophyte biomass, backwaters appear to have a significant role in exporting large amounts of plant propagules from the site of production. Backwaters represented a net source of propagules which highly enriched the main channel pool of potential colonists. However, whereas propagules could be dispersed for long distances in flood flows the probability for them to reach a suitable downstream habitat was extremely low. This work showed that dispersal at baseflow and entry to backwaters through the downstream end after short dispersal drift provided a greater chance of successful colonisation despite the individually much shorter distance moved. Backwaters were demonstrated to be rather isolated aquatic habitats, even though they experience hydrological connectivity, suggesting that primary colonisation of these sites is a limiting step. Instead, colonisation was shown to rely primarily on propagules generated internally by established plants. Whereas colonisation could occur via internal re-organisation of existing plant propagules, the backwater seed bank could also contribute to the macrophytes species established in backwaters. Such contribution was consistently low to medium along a gradient of disturbances and connectivity and showed independence from such river flow processes. Species richness was found to be higher in the established species than in the seed bank, suggesting that asexual reproduction is prioritised by aquatic vegetation in riverine backwaters. The occurrence or persistence of macrophyte species…

Subjects/Keywords: macrophyte; large river; backwater; connectivity; aquatic vegetation; Tummel; Tay; dispersal; seedbank; diversity; productivity; flood; Aquatic plants Ecology; Floodplains

…River Tay and Spey. Figure 5.3. Average seedling abundance (per m/2) in the seedbank…

12 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Keruzoré, A. (2012). Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Stirling. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1893/7677

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Keruzoré, Antoine. “Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Stirling. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/7677.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Keruzoré, Antoine. “Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity.” 2012. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Keruzoré A. Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/7677.

Council of Science Editors:

Keruzoré A. Aquatic vegetation processes in a floodplain-river system and the influence of lateral dynamics and connectivity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/7677

16. Cudmore, Aileen V. The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland.

Degree: 2012, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/520

► A multi-disciplinary study was conducted to compare stands of ancient and secondary origin within a single wood, the Gearagh woodland, County Cork. These sites were… (more)

▼ A multi-disciplinary study was conducted to compare stands of ancient and secondary origin within a single wood, the Gearagh woodland, County Cork. These sites were compared with adjacent areas of grassland, which provided a reference for the former land-use (pasture) of the secondary woodland. A historical study confirmed that while the core of the Gearagh has been subject to minimal human interference, other sections have been cleared in the past for agricultural purposes. Investigations into soil structure and composition showed that soil properties in these secondary woodland areas were significantly altered by this past woodland clearance and conversion to agriculture, while the soil of the ancient woodland showed little signs of disturbance. The vegetation community also differed between the two woodland areas, partly due to altered environmental conditions. Many of the ancient woodland plant species were unable to form a persistent seed bank, while there was increased representation of species associated with more open-habitat conditions in the seed bank of the secondary woodland. While germination of woodland species was low in all sites, overall, seeds tended to germinate more successfully in the ancient woodland. The ancient woodland also provided a suitable habitat for many soil and ground detritivores, most notably enchytraeids, although earthworms were not abundant. Past agricultural use, however, changed the decomposer community considerably, with increased representation of earthworm species and a decline in the abundance of enchytraeids in the secondary stands. In conclusion, the legacies of historical agricultural activities can continue to significantly affect the structure and composition of present-day woodlands so that they may differ considerably from undisturbed ancient woodland stands, even within the same woodland. A greater understanding of the origin, development and ecological functioning of ancient woodlands should aid in determining future conservation and management requirements. Advisors/Committee Members: Harrison, Simon S. C., Jones, Peter W., IRCSET.

Subjects/Keywords: Ancient woodland; Land-use legacies; Soil properties; Seedbank; Decomposers; Gearagh Nature Reserve (Ireland); Land use; Submerged forests – Ireland – Lee, River, Valley (Cork); Forest ecology; Woodlands; Forest litter – Biodegradation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cudmore, A. V. (2012). The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/520

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cudmore, Aileen V. “The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland.” 2012. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed December 06, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/520.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cudmore, Aileen V. “The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland.” 2012. Web. 06 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Cudmore AV. The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 06]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/520.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cudmore AV. The impacts of past land-use on the ecology of an ancient woodland in south-west Ireland. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/520

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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