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Cornell University
1.
Tian, Jia.
Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils.
Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59378 
► Due to the importance of soil moisture in many fields of study, and given the sparsity of systematic research on radiative transfer features of moist…
(more)
▼ Due to the importance of soil moisture in many fields of study, and given the sparsity of systematic research on radiative transfer features of moist soil in the optical domain, this dissertation focuses on both the spectral reflectance and transmittance features of dry and wet soils. In this work, the spectral reflectance and transmittance of soil are examined. The experiments lead to possible physical explanations for the spectral and directional features of reflectance spectra, and the results suggest how optical and proximal
remote sensing might be useful in observations of soil moisture content. The first experiment considered the change in spectral reflectance of soil samples during evaporative drying. The water absorption band depths at 970 nm and 1160 nm, in near infrared, decreased monotonically as the water content decreased, but they were not detectable in all samples; these water absorption bands will not be generally useful for observing surface soil moisture. In contrast, the band depths of the 1440 nm and 1930 nm absorption features were very responsive to the water content over the entire drying cycle. The change in band depth at 1930 nm was particularly interesting since the direction of the change reversed simultaneous with soil water evaporation rate change. A simple mathematical model suggests that the pattern of change in the band depth is related to the near extinction of light at the band center relative to the band shoulders. The second experiment examined the degree to which light transmitted through quartz sand samples would maintain any directional characteristics. Transmittance decreased monotonically as the illumination angle increase, but slowly at all wavelengths. This indicates that directional radiation transmitted through the sand layer becomes diffuse with a millimeters-thin sand layer. For the saturated samples, the influence of water on light transmittance in the VNIR (350-1300 nm) was the reverse of that in the SWIR (1330-2500 nm) wavelength region. In the VNIR, transmittance increased in the saturated sample relative to the dry sample, while transmittance decreased sharply after 1330 nm, with obvious spectral features characteristic of water absorption. Analysis of transmittance by quartz sand samples suggests that most of the directional variation due to the change in illumination angle can be attributed to surface reflective loss. The implication is that the directional reflection may be treated as a surface phenomenon, with the volume reflectance contributing a diffuse component. The third experiment considered directional spectral reflectance of soil samples under dry and saturated conditions. When the samples were dry, the directional reflectance changed obviously with the phase angle, showing a stronger backward reflectance, while the forward reflectance was generally lower. For saturated soil samples, the directional characteristics of spectral reflectance apparent with dry soil were substantially reduced. In particular, the strong backward scattering weakened. Instead,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Philpot, William Douglas (chair), McBride, Murray Brian (committee member), Stewart, Harry Eaton (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Tian, J. (2018). Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59378
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tian, Jia. “Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59378.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tian, Jia. “Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Tian J. Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59378.
Council of Science Editors:
Tian J. Optical Radiative Transfer Features of Dry and Wet Soils. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59378
2.
Garcia, Isabel Antoinette.
UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum.
Degree: 2018, Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843547
► This study uses a small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) equipped with a multispectral sensor to assess various Vegetation Indices (VIs) for their potential to…
(more)
▼ This study uses a small Unmanned Aircraft System (sUAS) equipped with a multispectral sensor to assess various Vegetation Indices (VIs) for their potential to monitor iron chlorosis levels in a grain sorghum crop. Iron chlorosis is a nutritional disorder that affects numerous varieties of crops and plants that are grown on high-pH, calcareous soils and greatly affects crop yield. The objective of this project is to find the best Vegetation Index (VI) to detect and monitor iron chlorosis. A series of flights were completed over the course of the growing season and processed using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry to create orthorectified, multispectral reflectance maps in the red, green, red-edge, and near-infrared wavelengths. A series of ground data collection methods were used to analyze stress and chlorophyll levels and grain yield, correlating them to sUAS-acquired four-band multispectral imagery covering the area of interest for ground control and precise crop examination. 25 Vegetation Indices (VIs) were calculated using the collected reflectance maps and soil-removed reflectance maps (a supervised classification was used to remove soil via a binary classification). The separability for each VI was then calculated using a two-class distance measure, determining which contained the largest separation between the pixels representing iron chlorosis and healthy vegetation. The field-acquired levels of iron chlorosis were used to conclude which VIs achieved the best results for the dataset as a whole and at each level of chlorosis (low, moderate and severe). It was concluded that the MERIS Terrestrial Chlorophyll (MTCI), Normalized Difference Red Edge (NDRE), and Normalized Green (NG) indices achieved the highest amount of separation between the iron chlorotic and healthy plant populations, with the NG being the most popular for both soil-included and soil-removed VIs, with soil-removed VIs reaching higher levels of separability.
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Garcia, I. A. (2018). UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum. (Thesis). Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843547
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Garcia, Isabel Antoinette. “UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum.” 2018. Thesis, Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843547.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Garcia, Isabel Antoinette. “UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Garcia IA. UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843547.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Garcia IA. UAS Multispectral Imaging for Detecting Plant Stress Due to Iron Chlorosis in Grain Sorghum. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University – Corpus Christi; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10843547
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
3.
Kaplan, Hannah Hackett.
Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data.
Degree: Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary
Sciences, 2018, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792669/
► Organic matter is present on many bodies in the solar system. The parent bodies of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, for example, are known to contain a…
(more)
▼ Organic matter is present on many bodies in the solar
system. The parent bodies of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, for
example, are known to contain a diverse array of organic compounds
that may be relevant to prebiotic chemistry. This thesis explores
near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy, a
remote, rapid, and
non-destructive method, for quantifying organic matter in geologic
materials such as carbonaceous chondrites. Laboratory studies of
clay-organic mixtures, sedimentary rocks, and carbonaceous
chondrites with known organic and inorganic chemistry are used to
constrain the effects of organic composition and abundance on the
reflectance spectrum. Vibrational absorptions due to aliphatic and
aromatic C-H bonds at 3.2 – 3.6 µm are specifically targeted as
these absorptions have been detected by spacecraft and ground-based
infrared observations of comets, asteroids, moons, and the
interstellar medium. When organic composition is controlled, the
3.4 µm absorption strength increases linearly with abundance (wt.%)
of organics in the sample. Variations in organic composition, as
measured by atomic hydrogen to carbon ratio (H/C), likewise
influence the strength of the aliphatic and aromatic absorptions.
Reflectance spectra of pure organics (e.g. kerogen from sedimentary
rocks and insoluble organic matter from meteorites) are collected
to better quantify compositional variations within the spectrum and
to provide a spectral library for future compositional modeling.
Together the pure organic and bulk rock spectra enable the
determination of detection limits for organic matter with
reflectance spectroscopy in terms of organic abundance (wt.%) and
composition (H/C). Ceres provides an ideal application of this
laboratory work. In 2017, aliphatic organics were detected on the
surface of dwarf planet Ceres with the Visible and InfraRed (VIR)
spectrometer. This detection is considered within the context of
meteorite, insoluble organic matter, and kerogen laboratory spectra
with the goal of constraining organic abundance and composition.
Spectral modeling estimates between 45 – 65% insoluble organic
matter on the surface of Ceres, placing firm constraints on the
origin of these organics. Other applications of this work include
upcoming missions to primitive asteroids, where organics may be
detected. Data and returned samples from these missions can help to
test spectral models for determining the composition of planetary
surfaces.
Advisors/Committee Members: Milliken, Ralph (Advisor), Mustard, John (Reader), Huang, Yongsong (Reader), Pieters, Carle (Reader), Rivkin, Andrew (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kaplan, H. H. (2018). Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792669/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kaplan, Hannah Hackett. “Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data.” 2018. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792669/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kaplan, Hannah Hackett. “Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kaplan HH. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792669/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kaplan HH. Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy of Organics on Earth
and Planetary Surfaces: New Insights from Laboratory and Spacecraft
Data. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792669/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
4.
Spera, Stephanie Anne.
Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013.
Degree: Geological Sciences, 2017, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:730641/
► Over the past four decades, the Cerrado region of Brazil has transitioned from a land of sparsely inhabited forests and shrublands to an industrial agriculture…
(more)
▼ Over the past four decades, the Cerrado region of
Brazil has transitioned from a land of sparsely inhabited forests
and shrublands to an industrial agriculture powerhouse. Here, we
map annual agricultural land-use change across the biome and
analyze the socioeconomic and environmental drivers and
consequences of these changes focusing on Mato Grosso State, Goiás
State, and the Matopiba region. Chapter 1 introduces a
remote
sensing methodology which allows for the classification of
agricultural land covers across Mato Grosso State, Brazil between
2003-2013. The data produced with this MODIS EVI phenology-based
decision tree algorithm are used to analyze determinants of
agricultural expansion and abandonment in the state. Agriculture
both expanded and intensified throughout the region, and scarcity
of ‘good’ agricultural land may be partly responsible for the
slow-down in agricultural expansion during the latter half of the
study period. Chapter 2 uses a modified algorithm to map
agricultural land cover across the entire Cerrado. Focusing on
Brazil’s newest agricultural frontier region, Matopiba, we analyze
the effects of agricultural expansion on the water balance. Our
results demonstrate that this agricultural expansion has led to a
decrease in evapotranspiration in the region, which could be
detrimental to the water balance and ecosystem functioning of both
the Cerrado and Amazon. Chapter 3 uses this Cerrado-wide dataset to
determine the characteristics and drivers of sugarcane expansion in
the state of Goiás. Our results demonstrate that most new sugarcane
land is sourced in pasture. Moreover, the expansion of sugarcane is
not
subject to biophysical constraints, and instead complex
interactions between global and local drivers affect its expansion.
Chapter 4 discusses the Cerrado as a ‘sacrifice zone’, synthesizes
the results of the previous chapters, and discusses the policy
implications of this work.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mustard, Johnathon (Director), VanWey, Leah (Director), Lynch, Amanda (Reader), Hirth, James (Reader), Assuncao, Juliano (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: remote sensing
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Spera, S. A. (2017). Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:730641/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Spera, Stephanie Anne. “Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013.” 2017. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:730641/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Spera, Stephanie Anne. “Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Spera SA. Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:730641/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Spera SA. Land Use Change Across the Brazilian Cerrado,
2001-2013. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:730641/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
5.
Silva, Carlos Edibaldo.
The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle.
Degree: Ecological and Evolutionary Biology, 2018, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792858/
► Feedbacks between Earth’s terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere may accelerate or slow climate change over this century. This uncertainty exists because two dominant land-atmosphere feedbacks…
(more)
▼ Feedbacks between Earth’s terrestrial ecosystems and
the atmosphere may accelerate or slow climate change over this
century. This uncertainty exists because two dominant
land-atmosphere feedbacks – plant sensitivity to increased heat and
drought and sensitivity to rising atmospheric CO2 – remain poorly
constrained. This dissertation investigates both feedbacks,
integrating field observations,
remote sensing, and modeling.
Chapter 1 uses long-term plot observations of canopy height to
characterize the sensitivity of intact tropical forest to severe
heat and drought during the 1998 El Niño. The analysis finds
evidence of drought resilience, as the canopy recovered to its
equilibrium height distribution within 5 years. The severity of
drought impacts also varied as a function of landscape topography.
Chapter 2 uses a stochastic model of forest carbon dynamics to
examine the mechanisms driving long-term net carbon uptake in
intact Amazonian forest. Although this carbon uptake is widely
attributed to CO2 fertilization – enhanced photosynthesis due to
elevated atmospheric CO2 – my stochastic simulations reproduced key
features of the Amazonian carbon sink, despite constant
photosynthesis. This result suggests intact Amazonian forest may be
less sensitive to increasing atmospheric CO2 than previously
assumed. Chapter 3 assimilates tower observations of solar-induced
chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) and canopy photosynthesis within a
canopy radiative transfer model to infer the photochemical state of
the canopy. The analysis finds photochemical stress during a
moderate drought reduced SIF, although photosynthesis remained
constant. Sustained photosynthesis during drought may owe to
elevated atmospheric CO2. The work developed in Chapter 3 offers a
promising approach to global monitoring of photosynthesis via
remote SIF measurements – an essential step to constraining
feedbacks between terrestrial ecosystems and the
atmosphere.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kellner, James (Advisor), Porder, Stephen (Reader), Sax, Dov (Reader), Lee, Jung-Eun (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA ·
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CSE |
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Silva, C. E. (2018). The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792858/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Silva, Carlos Edibaldo. “The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle.” 2018. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792858/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Silva, Carlos Edibaldo. “The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Silva CE. The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792858/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Silva CE. The Biology of Plant-Atmosphere Feedbacks in the Global
Carbon Cycle. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2018. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:792858/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
6.
Cannon, Kevin Michael.
Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing.
Degree: Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary
Sciences, 2017, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733290/
► The crust of Mars used to be thought of as a simple sequence of basaltic lava flows. However, new data from orbital spectroscopy, rover observations…
(more)
▼ The crust of Mars used to be thought of as a simple
sequence of basaltic lava flows. However, new data from orbital
spectroscopy, rover observations and Martian meteorites has
challenged this straightforward picture. This thesis integrates
data from
remote sensing, experiments and meteorite studies to put
forward a more nuanced view of the crust that highlights the
importance of various processes that have operated together to
create and modify crustal materials on Mars. First, I show that the
bulk crustal materials in Martian low-albedo regions are more
consistent with basaltic breccia than intact igneous rocks, a
consequence of the intense impact bombardment early in solar system
history. Then, a series of experiments is used to synthesize a
suite a realistic planetary glasses that are used to detect these
phases on Mars and other planets using remotely sensed data. The
results suggest that glasses make up a significant portion of
Martian surface materials, with implications for ancient climate
and preservation of potential biosignatures. Then, a new hypothesis
is put forward to explain the occurrence of hydrated clay minerals
throughout the crust of Mars. Using a suite of experiments and a
parameterized crustal evolution model, I show that a steam or
supercritical atmosphere outgassed from the cooling magma ocean
should have reacted with the primary Martian crust to form a thick
clay-rich layer. This layer is buried early in Martian history, but
survives as a semi-coherent unit in the crust with patchy exposures
of clay-rich rock at the surface. Finally, I consider the
limitations of radiative transfer models that are commonly used to
interpret remotely sensed data in the planetary sciences. These
models are shown to have significant uncertainties, and their
results are better presented in a statistical treatment rather than
using a least squares approach to solve for mineral abundances and
particle sizes.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mustard, John (Advisor), Milliken, Ralph (Reader), Parman, Stephen (Reader), Schultz, Peter (Reader), Elkins-Tanton, Linda (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Cannon, K. M. (2017). Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733290/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cannon, Kevin Michael. “Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing.” 2017. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733290/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cannon, Kevin Michael. “Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Cannon KM. Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733290/.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Cannon KM. Nature and Evolution of the Martian Crust and Regolith: New
Insights from Meteorites, Experiments and Remote Sensing. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733290/
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
7.
Meerdink, Susan Kay.
Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems.
Degree: 2014, University of California – eScholarship, University of California
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6d6984b2
► Potential ecological impacts of disturbance, land use, and climate change have driven many studies to evaluate ecosystem functions through the measurement of vegetation biochemical properties…
(more)
▼ Potential ecological impacts of disturbance, land use, and climate change have driven many studies to evaluate ecosystem functions through the measurement of vegetation biochemical properties that provide integral information on nutrient cycling, litter decomposition, and plant productivity. The use of spectroscopy in quantifying vegetation biochemistry shows promise with faster analytical speed than traditional methods. Synergies between the Visible Near Infrared/ Short Wave Infrared (VSWIR) and Thermal Infrared (TIR) spectra for identifying plant species' foliar chemistry have been largely unexplored. Here we evaluate the capability of VSWIR and/or TIR spectra to predict leaf levels of lignin, cellulose, nitrogen, water content, and leaf mass per area. We specifically examined how these predictive relationships might change seasonally and among plant functional types. Lastly we determined whether these relationships between spectra and foliar chemistry could be extended to the reduced spectral resolution available in airborne sensors, including the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS), the Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES), and the combined AVIRIS and MODIS/ASTER (MASTER) sensors used in the Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) preparatory flight campaign. In the 2013 spring, summer, and fall seasons, fresh leaves from sixteen common shrub and tree species in California representing three broad plant functional types were sampled from the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Central Valley at the Sedgwick Reserve, and coastal Santa Barbara. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) analysis was used to relate spectral response at wavelengths from 0.3 - 15.4 µm to laboratory-measured biochemical and biophysical properties. For each component, three PLSR models were fit using different portions of the spectrum: VSWIR (0.3 - 2.5 µm), TIR (2.5 - 15.4 µm), and the full spectrum (0.3 - 15.4 µm). Three additional models were fitted using spectra resampled to AVIRIS (0.4 - 2.5 µm), HyTES (7.5 - 12 µm), and the combined AVIRIS and MASTER (0.38 - 12 µm). The majority of the highest performing laboratory spectra models used either the TIR or full spectrum. When using simulated sensor spectra, the combined AVIRIS and MASTER produced the highest performing models, followed by HyTES. From both laboratory and sensor simulated model results, the combination of VSWIR and TIR increased the R2 value of regression models compared to VSWIR alone, signifying that the inclusion of TIR data would improve predictions of foliar chemistry. We also found that model precision varied by seasons and across plant functional types. Models developed for all seasons resulted in a decreased R2 value, but still had high precision (R2 > 0.85) and accuracy (RMSE < 10%) when predicting cellulose, nitrogen, and water content. These results indicate that the TIR could augment the VSWIR in advancing identification of leaf properties of the world's ecosystems by helping to set the…
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Meerdink, S. K. (2014). Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems. (Thesis). University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6d6984b2
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Meerdink, Susan Kay. “Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – eScholarship, University of California. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6d6984b2.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Meerdink, Susan Kay. “Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Meerdink SK. Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6d6984b2.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Meerdink SK. Linking Seasonal Foliar Chemistry to VSWIR-TIR Spectroscopy Across California Ecosystems. [Thesis]. University of California – eScholarship, University of California; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6d6984b2
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Hawaii – Manoa
8.
Barnes, Mallory Liebl.
An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis.
Degree: 2016, University of Hawaii – Manoa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100571
► M.S. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2013.
Knowledge of cloud cover patterns is important in effective management of natural resources, climate change studies, and remote…
(more)
▼ M.S. University of Hawaii at Manoa 2013.
Knowledge of cloud cover patterns is important in effective management of natural resources, climate change studies, and remote sensing applications. The objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive understanding of the spatial, seasonal, and diurnal patterns in cloud cover frequency over the Hawaiian Islands using high resolution image data (every 6 hours at 1 km) from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors aboard the Terra and Aqua satellite platforms. The Terra and Aqua MODIS cloud mask products, which provide the likelihood that clouds obscure a given 1 km pixel, were obtained for the entire MODIS time series (10+ years) over the main Hawaiian Islands. Monthly statistics were generated from the daily cloud mask data, including mean cloud cover frequency at the four overpass times of ~11am, 2pm, 11pm, and 2am. The derived monthly statistics showed several significant trends that were consistent with generally known rainfall patterns. First, cloud cover frequency increased with height above the lifting condensation level (roughly 600 m) until the trade wind inversion (mean elevation 2100-2200 m), above which it was generally clear. Second, cloud cover frequency was higher on the windward (northeastern) sides of mountains than on the leeward (southwestern sides) of the mountains on all of the main Hawaiian Islands. Third, irrespective of season, mean cloud cover frequency was higher in the afternoon than in the morning and higher in the daytime than in the nighttime. Lastly, the dry season months (May – Oct) were less cloudy than the wet season months (Nov – Apr), and this pattern was stronger at nighttime than during the daytime. The derived statistics also revealed a unique and unexpected trend of anomalously low cloud cover in December and January over the Hawaiian Islands. The monthly time series produced in this thesis is the first high spatial resolution cloud cover dataset in Hawaiʻi and is expected to be a useful resource in a variety of applications, including the management of energy and fresh water resources.
Subjects/Keywords: remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Barnes, M. L. (2016). An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis. (Thesis). University of Hawaii – Manoa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100571
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Barnes, Mallory Liebl. “An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis.” 2016. Thesis, University of Hawaii – Manoa. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100571.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Barnes, Mallory Liebl. “An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Barnes ML. An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100571.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Barnes ML. An assessment of diurnal and seasonal cloud cover changes over the Hawaiian islands using terra and aqua modis. [Thesis]. University of Hawaii – Manoa; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/100571
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Lethbridge
9.
University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and Science.
Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
.
Degree: 2014, University of Lethbridge
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3600
► Soil is an essential nature resource. Management of this resource is vital for sustainability and the continued functioning of earths atmospheric, hydrospheric and lithospheric functioning.…
(more)
▼ Soil is an essential nature resource. Management of this resource is vital for sustainability and the continued functioning of earths atmospheric, hydrospheric and lithospheric functioning. The assessment and continued monitoring of surface soil state provides the information required to effectively manage this resource. This research used a simulated Environmental Mapping and Analysis Program (EnMAP) hyperspectral image cube of an agricultural region in semi- arid Mediterranean Spain to classify soil erosion states. Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA) was used to derive within pixel fractions of eroded and accumulated soils. A Classification of the soil erosion states using the scene fraction outputs and digital terrain information. The information products generated in this research provided an optimistic outlook for the applicability of the future EnMAP sensor for soil erosion investigations in semi-arid Mediterranean environments. Additionally, this research verifies that the launch of the EnMAP satellite sensor in 2018 will provide the opportunity to further improve the monitoring of earth finite soil resources.
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Science, U. o. L. F. o. A. a. (2014). Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
. (Thesis). University of Lethbridge. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Science, University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and. “Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
.” 2014. Thesis, University of Lethbridge. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Science, University of Lethbridge. Faculty of Arts and. “Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Science UoLFoAa. Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Lethbridge; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Science UoLFoAa. Detecting soil erosion in semi-arid Mediterranean environments using simulated EnMAP data
. [Thesis]. University of Lethbridge; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10133/3600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Maryland
10.
Zhang, Jie.
Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations.
Degree: Geography, 2017, University of Maryland
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/20308
► With a changing climate, the frequent occurrence of drought has resulted in unprecedented grain prices and severe market instability, threatening global food security. Earth observation,…
(more)
▼ With a changing climate, the frequent occurrence of drought has resulted in unprecedented grain prices and severe market instability, threatening global food security. Earth observation, especially satellite-based observation, has proven its potential for near real-time drought monitoring and early warning. This dissertation undertakes a comprehensive analysis of agriculture-oriented drought risk, impact and monitoring using time-series satellite observation combined with ancillary earth observation data, thus providing a better understanding of agricultural drought. Agricultural lands exhibit more severe drought regimes during the agricultural growing season. At the global scale, the U.S. Corn Belt, Spain & Eastern Europe, Central Russia, India, North China and Australia, are shown to be the hotspots of agricultural drought risk. For the last three decades, different agricultural drought risk change patterns are found in different regions with a relatively stable but slight declining drought risk overall for the globe, while Australia exhibits a continuous increase and Brazil exhibits a continuing decrease. Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Evapotranspiration (ET) based indicators show similar capabilities for drought monitoring and have an immediate response after drought; while for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) derived indicators, there shows a lagged and inconsistent drought response. The relationships between NDVI- and LST- derived drought indicators are variable, exhibiting changing functions in both spatial and temporal domains, which provides basis for effectively integrating different data sources for developing a synthetic index. Drought results in varying impacts during the growing season, with generally increasing impacts during the winter wheat main growing season and the most severe drought effects during the grain filling stage around vegetative peaks. As for the Drought Severity Index, better performance is found in rainfed-dominated than irrigation-dominated regions. This dissertation calls for continuing work to develop an improved impact-oriented agricultural drought indicator by integrating the contributions of different data sources, the dynamics of NDVI-LST interactions as well as the varying drought impacts during the growing season. Improved agricultural drought monitoring and impact assessment, together with agricultural risk analysis, can help prototype an enhanced and integrated agricultural drought monitoring system, thus offering reliable and timely information for drought mitigation, preparedness, response and recovery.
Advisors/Committee Members: Justice, Christopher (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhang, J. (2017). Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/20308
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhang, Jie. “Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations.” 2017. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1903/20308.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhang, Jie. “Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhang J. Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/20308.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zhang J. Towards Better Understanding of Agricultural Drought: A Comprehensive Analysis of Agricultural Drought Risk, Impact and Monitoring from Earth Observations. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/20308
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Boston University
11.
Mrak, Sebastijan.
GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis.
Degree: PhD, Electrical & Computer Engineering, 2020, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41499
► The Earth's Ionosphere frequently disrupts Space to Earth communication such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and international telecommunications critical to a modern technological world.…
(more)
▼ The Earth's Ionosphere frequently disrupts Space to Earth communication such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and international telecommunications critical to a modern technological world. As human society has become heavily dependent on GNSS services, timely and accurate space weather characterization and forecasts are needed. This is particularly true at mid-latitudes, such as the contiguous United States (US), where population density is greatest, hence technological interruptions most impactful. As a conducting layer, the ionosphere delays radio signals by refraction, and in some circumstances causes wave interference due to diffraction off density irregularities. Ionospheric refraction can be used to estimate the path-integrated plasma density, referred to as the Total Electron Content (TEC). Maps of TEC constructed from ground-based receiver networks provide a global and time-dependent image of ionospheric dynamics. While refraction scales with radio-frequency and dual-frequency GNSS receivers routinely compensate for this effect. Radio receivers, including GNSS monitors, are being used to monitor and quantify these effects, producing climatological maps of ionospheric irregularities. However, efforts have focused on low- and high-latitude regions as they are continuously perturbed by geophysical processes related to the orientation of the Earth’s magnetic field. The region in-between has a much more nuanced space-time connection to geomagnetic disturbances. As a consequence, no dedicated observatories are operating today at mid-latitudes. This dissertation provides a fundamental analysis of this underexplored territory in the burgeoning field of space weather.
In this dissertation, we develop signal processing techniques to leverage data from geodetic GNSS receivers to study ionospheric irregularities and scintillation, and their connection to spatiotemporal variations in TEC. Newly introduced data source covers areas of Central America and the Caribbean, contiguous US, and Alaska. We applied these techniques initially to study the ionospheric effects of the 2017 solar eclipse and terrestrial weather patterns. We then focused our effort on a long term study of geomagnetic storm effects at mid-latitudes. Eight years of data have been processed in the last solar cycle (2012-2019), and nine profound space weather events were identified. The newly constructed maps were used in conjunction with TEC maps to provide a critical spatial context for understanding the origin of the irregularities. The observations revealed several types of space weather events that affected the area, including a poleward expansion of equatorial plasma bubbles near local midnight, a single plasma bubble expanding poleward while trailing the terminator, and a newly observed mid-latitude phenomena we termed mid-latitude density striations. We also discovered evidence for expansion into and coupling with processes in the near Earth magnetosphere. All events occurred during geomagnetic storms, with an average strength of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Semeter, Joshua L. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Mrak, S. (2020). GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41499
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mrak, Sebastijan. “GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41499.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mrak, Sebastijan. “GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mrak S. GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41499.
Council of Science Editors:
Mrak S. GNSS remote sensing of space weather at mid-latitudes: ionospheric irregularities and source analysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41499
12.
Driscoll, Frederick Ralph.
Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform.
Degree: Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2017, University of Victoria
URL: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8730
► Rapid and high resolution motion and tension measurements were made of a typical vertically tethered system, a caged deep-sea ROV, while it operated at sea.…
(more)
▼ Rapid and high resolution motion and tension measurements were made of a typical vertically tethered system, a caged deep-sea ROV, while it operated at sea. The system is essentially one-dimensional because only the vertical motions of the underwater platform and the ship were coherent, while horizontal motions of the platform were weak and incoherent with any component of motion of the ship. The natural frequency of the system is found to be within the frequency band of ship motion for most of its operating range and the platform response is weakly non-linear. This results in a vertical acceleration of the platform that is up to 2.2 times larger than that of the ship.
Large vertical excursions of the ship produce momentary slack in the tether near the platform. At the instant prior to re-tensioning, the tether and platform are moving apart and upon re-tensioning, the inertia of the platform imparts a large strain—a snap load—in the tether. The resulting strain wave propagates to the surface with the characteristic speed (3870 ms⁻¹) of tensile waves in the tether. An extremely repeatable pattern of echoes is detectable at each end.
Two models, a continuous (closed form) non-dimensional frequency domain model and a discrete finite-element time domain model are developed to represent vertically tethered systems
subject to surface excitation. Both models accurately predicts the measured response, with slightly better accuracy in the discrete version. The continuous model shows that the response is governed by only two non-dimensional parameters. The continuous model is invalid for slack tether and inherently unable to predict snap loads. By slightly increasing the ship motion, the discrete model accurately reproduces the observed snap loads and their characteristics. Discrepancies between the predicted and measured response of the platform bring into question the concepts of a constant drag coefficient and a constant added mass for oscillatory flow around the platform. By adding a simple wake model to account for flow history, the error in the calculated platform motion and tension in the tether were reduced by almost a factor of 2.
Passive ship-mounted and cage-mounted heave compensation systems were investigated with a view to reducing the cage motion and tension in the tether. Both systems were found to be effective and for reasonable parameters, they can reduce the motion of the cage and the tension in the tether by a factor of 2. Addition of either compensation system reduced the natural frequency of the system and extended the operating sea state of a cage ROV system. However, the characteristics of the compensation systems must be carefully chosen or the operational problems will be exacerbated. In particular, the natural frequency of higher modes may enter the waveband for deeper operating depths. During extreme sea states, the cage compensated system eliminated all snap loads.
Advisors/Committee Members: Lueck, R. G. (supervisor), Nahon, Meyer A. (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote submersibles; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Driscoll, F. R. (2017). Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8730
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Driscoll, Frederick Ralph. “Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform.” 2017. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8730.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Driscoll, Frederick Ralph. “Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Driscoll FR. Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8730.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Driscoll FR. Dynamics of a vertically tethered marine platform. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2017. Available from: https://dspace.library.uvic.ca//handle/1828/8730
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Oregon State University
13.
Boeke, Robyn C.
Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery.
Degree: MS, Atmospheric Sciences, 2009, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11913
► The 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment established that the effect of clouds on climate contributes the largest uncertainty in predicting the future climate.…
(more)
▼ The 2007 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment established
that the effect of clouds on climate contributes the largest uncertainty in predicting the
future climate. Satellite observations provide an opportunity for learning about the
behavior of clouds. This thesis seeks to assess the accuracy of cloud properties
retrieved from multispectral satellite imagery and test the usefulness of satellite data in
verifying conclusions based on aircraft observations that marine stratus appear to be
formed through the nearly adiabatic ascent of moist air. Retrievals of cloud optical
depth, a measure of cloud thickness, using 0.64-μm reflectances and droplet radii
using separately 1.6, 2.1, and 3.7-μm reflectances were obtained with the MODerateresolution
Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Owing to different amounts of
absorption by liquid water in the near infrared, with the least at 1.6 μm and the most at
3.7 μm, the growth of droplet radius with cloud thickness should result in the largest
droplet radii retrieved using the 3.7-μm reflectances and the smallest using 1.6-μm
reflectances. Droplet radii retrieved using the 2.1-μm reflectances, however, are often
the largest, and those retrieved using 3.7-μm reflectances are often the smallest. In
addition aircraft observations indicate that the relationships between droplet radius, re,
and optical depth, t, d ln r / d lnt e ,should be approximately equal to 0.2 for marine
stratocumulus. While satellite observations in optically thick, overcast regions yielded
d ln re/d ln t consistent with this result, retrievals for regions with broken clouds often
yielded d ln r / d lnt e substantially smaller than 0.2.
Clouds often exhibit large horizontal and vertical variability. In this thesis a
simple radiative transfer model was used to predict reflectances at visible and near
infrared wavelengths for clouds formed through the adiabatic ascent of moist air, and
then a retrieval scheme based on vertically uniform clouds was used to determine if
the departures from the behavior expected for adiabatic clouds might be caused by the
assumption of spatial uniformity used in the retrievals. The simulations indicated that
at all cloud thicknesses the progression of droplet size using 1.6, 2.1, and 3.7-μm
reflectances followed that suggested by the absorptive properties of liquid water. The
simulation also indicated, however, contrary to the observations, that when the clouds
were optically thin, d ln r / d lnt e should be greater than 0.2, the value expected for
the adiabatic ascent of moist air.
The simulation was adapted to account for the effects of horizontal variations
within clouds. Each 1-km pixel was given a subpixel distribution of optical depths
based on a gamma distribution with mean taken from MODIS pixel-scale optical
depths and variance given by Kato et al. (2006), obtained from Large Eddy
Simulations of marine stratocumulus. Each subpixel was allowed to develop
vertically following the adiabatic ascent of moist air. The average of…
Advisors/Committee Members: Coakley, James A. Jr. (advisor), Skyllingstad, Eric (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote Sensing; Clouds – Observations – Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Boeke, R. C. (2009). Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11913
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Boeke, Robyn C. “Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11913.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Boeke, Robyn C. “Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery.” 2009. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Boeke RC. Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11913.
Council of Science Editors:
Boeke RC. Biases in droplet radii and optical depths of marine stratocumulus retrieved from MODIS imagery. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/11913
Oregon State University
14.
Ndzeidze, Stephen Koghan.
Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images.
Degree: PhD, Rangeland Ecology and Management, 2011, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/23021
► Invasive plant species are expanding and transforming vegetative communities across Oregon and throughout the United States. Over the past three decades remote sensing, geographic information…
(more)
▼ Invasive plant species are expanding and transforming vegetative communities across Oregon and throughout the United States. Over the past three decades
remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS), and Global Positioning System (GPS) technologies have been integrated to detect and map the distribution of noxious rangeland plants. This study developed low-cost protocols to detect and map Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) weed infestations using GPS loggers to track aircraft/camera position, altitude, and bearing, as well as Aerial Image Positioning Tool software to geographically rectify and project each aerial image. We then mapped the extent of medusahead in target areas and evaluated patterns of infestation. Flying in a single engine fixed-wing aircraft, images were collected every five seconds, with a total of 10,362 images obtained. All of the aerial images were processed and, on average, 23.9 % of the area was classified as medusahead infested, with 76.1 % without infestation. Each image covered 215 ha (531 acres), with 60% overlap, at a cost of $ 0.54/km². Our study also employed mobile mapping technology to map medusahead on the ground by digitizing infestations using a laptop computer equipped with a GPS antenna and GIS software. Mobile mapping was also done from aircraft, but yielded coarser infestation maps, as the observation distance was greater. These maps covered the full study area. Aerial reconnaissance and mobile survey is cost effective, because thousands of digital images were collected, automatically positioned, and stored.
Advisors/Committee Members: Johnson, Douglas (advisor), Kimerling, Jon (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Remote Sensing; Medusahead wildrye – Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Ndzeidze, S. K. (2011). Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/23021
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ndzeidze, Stephen Koghan. “Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/23021.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ndzeidze, Stephen Koghan. “Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ndzeidze SK. Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/23021.
Council of Science Editors:
Ndzeidze SK. Detecting medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae (L.) Nevski) using high frequency, sequential, globally positioned digital images. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/23021
15.
Zhou, Qiang.
Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas.
Degree: 2015, The University of North Dakota
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724867
► Savannas are mixed tree-grass systems and as one of the world's largest biomes represent an important component of the Earth system affecting water and…
(more)
▼ Savannas are mixed tree-grass systems and as one of the world's largest biomes represent an important component of the Earth system affecting water and energy balances, carbon sequestration and biodiversity as well as supporting large human populations. Savanna vegetation structure and its distribution, however, may change because of major anthropogenic disturbances from climate change, wildfire, agriculture, and livestock production. The overstory and understory may have different water use strategies, different nutrient requirements and have different responses to fire and climate variation. The accurate measurement of the spatial distribution and structure of the overstory and understory are essential for understanding the savanna ecosystem. This project developed a workflow for separating the dynamics of the overstory and understory fractional cover in savannas at the continental scale (Australia, South America, and Africa). Previous studies have successfully separated the phenology of Australian savanna vegetation into persistent and seasonal greenness using time series decomposition, and into fractions of photosynthetic vegetation (PV), non-photosynthetic vegetation (NPV) and bare soil (BS) using linear unmixing. This study combined these methods to separate the understory and overstory signal in both the green and senescent phenological stages using remotely sensed imagery from the MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) sensor. The methods and parameters were adjusted based on the vegetation variation. The workflow was first tested at the Australian site. Here the PV estimates for overstory and understory showed best performance, however NPV estimates exhibited spatial variation in validation relationships. At the South American site (Cerrado), an additional method based on frequency unmixing was developed to separate green vegetation components with similar phenology. When the decomposition and frequency methods were compared, the frequency method was better for extracting the green tree phenology, but the original decomposition method was better for retrieval of understory grass phenology. Both methods, however, were less accurate than in the Cerrado than in Australia due to intermingling and intergrading of grass and small woody components. Since African savanna trees are predominantly deciduous, the frequency method was combined with the linear unmixing of fractional cover to attempt to separate the relatively similar phenology of deciduous trees and seasonal grasses. The results for Africa revealed limitations associated with both methods. There was spatial and seasonal variation in the spectral indices used to unmix fractional cover resulting in poor validation for NPV in particular. The frequency analysis revealed significant phase variation indicative of different phenology, but these could not be clearly ascribed to separate grass and tree components. Overall findings indicate that site-specific variation and vegetation structure and…
Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhou, Q. (2015). Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas. (Thesis). The University of North Dakota. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724867
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhou, Qiang. “Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas.” 2015. Thesis, The University of North Dakota. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724867.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhou, Qiang. “Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhou Q. Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas. [Internet] [Thesis]. The University of North Dakota; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724867.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zhou Q. Disaggregating tree and grass phenology in tropical savannas. [Thesis]. The University of North Dakota; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3724867
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Dalhousie University
16.
Jahncke, Raymond.
MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA.
Degree: Master of Environmental Studies, School for Resource & Environmental
Studies, 2016, Dalhousie University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/71619
► Nova Scotia introduced a new wetland policy in 2011 which included a goal to have no net loss of wetlands. In order to meet this…
(more)
▼ Nova Scotia introduced a new wetland policy in 2011
which included a goal to have no net loss of wetlands. In order to
meet this goal, the Nova Scotia government has committed to
updating the provincial wetland inventory. The objective of this
study will be to assess the accuracy of wetland mapping using
remote sensing processes based on RADARSAT-2 polarimetric SAR
images, optical imagery, and elevation data.
RADARSAT-2
polarimetric SAR images were acquired between 2010 and 2013 over an
area southwest of Halifax. Two sources of optical imagery
(QuickBird and Landsat 8) and two sources of terrain information
(lidar and the provincial government contours) were combined in
various arrangements with the radar. A non-parametric supervised
Random Forests classifier was applied to the different data
combinations. An accuracy assessment showed that using RADARSAT-2
combined with either source of data improved the accuracy of
wetland identification over the existing inventory.
Advisors/Committee Members: School for Resource & Environmental Studies (department), Master of Environmental Studies (degree), n/a (external-examiner), Kate Sherren (graduate-coordinator), Randy Milton (thesis-reader), Danika van Proosdij (thesis-reader), Peter Tyedmers (thesis-reader), Peter Bush (thesis-supervisor), Peter Duinker (thesis-supervisor), Not Applicable (ethics-approval), Not Applicable (manuscripts), Not Applicable (copyright-release).
Subjects/Keywords: wetlands; remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Jahncke, R. (2016). MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/71619
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jahncke, Raymond. “MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10222/71619.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jahncke, Raymond. “MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jahncke R. MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/71619.
Council of Science Editors:
Jahncke R. MAPPING WETLANDS IN NOVA SCOTIA WITH MULTI-BEAM RADARSAT-2
POLARIMETRIC SAR, OPTICAL SATELLITE IMAGERY, AND ELEVATION
DATA. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/71619
University of Edinburgh
17.
Trigwell, Robert.
Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing.
Degree: 2011, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5177
► This paper describes the interpretation of the 2010 summer LIDAR observations from Dal- housie University, Nova Scotia. The GEOS-Chem global 3D chemistry transport model was…
(more)
▼ This paper describes the interpretation of the 2010 summer LIDAR observations from Dal-
housie University, Nova Scotia. The GEOS-Chem global 3D chemistry transport model was used to identify the chemical and optical properties of aerosols passing over the LIDAR site. The project evaluated the modelled aerosol in terms of altitude, thickness,
and backscatter in comparison to the plume detected by the LIDAR. The HYSPLIT langrangian particle transfer model was used to identify the source regions of the aerosols detected based on modelling the plumes backwards trajectory. Previous studies suggested that biomass burning aerosols were the predominant source of observed variability during the Canadian summers [McKendry et al., 2010, Duck et al., 2007]. These findings were supported by this research. Additionally anthropogenic contributions from the eastern United States appeared to be a major contributor in the bottom 2km of the troposphere, with at times contributing up to 75% of the net aerosol concentration and thus 75% of the backscatter.
Advisors/Committee Members: Palmer, Paul.
Subjects/Keywords: LIDAR; Remote Sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Trigwell, R. (2011). Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5177
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Trigwell, Robert. “Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing.” 2011. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5177.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Trigwell, Robert. “Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Trigwell R. Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5177.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Trigwell R. Quantifying atmospheric pollution across north america from boreal forest fires: a combined analysis of atmospheric modelling and ground-based remote sensing. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5177
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Florida Atlantic University
18.
Forbes, Dolores Jane.
Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida.
Degree: 2011, Florida Atlantic University
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1504157
► The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Optical Line Scan (OLS) instruments collect data from an altitude of approximately 830km above the surface of the…
(more)
▼ The Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Optical Line Scan (OLS) instruments collect data from an altitude of approximately 830km above the surface of the Earth. The night light data from these instruments has been shown to correlate by lit area with national level Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and to correlate with GDP at the State level by total radiance value. Very strong correlation is found between the night light data at a new, larger scale, the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) within the state of Florida. Additional statistical analysis was performed to determine which industries within each MSA explain the greatest amount of variance in the night light data. Industrial variables exhibited strong multi-collinearity. It is therefore impossible to determine which industries explain the greatest variance in the night light image data.
Subjects/Keywords: Geography; Remote Sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Forbes, D. J. (2011). Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida. (Thesis). Florida Atlantic University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1504157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Forbes, Dolores Jane. “Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida.” 2011. Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1504157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Forbes, Dolores Jane. “Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Forbes DJ. Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida. [Internet] [Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1504157.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Forbes DJ. Statistical Correlation between Economic Activity and DMSP-OLS Night Light Images in Florida. [Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2011. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1504157
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of South Carolina
19.
Peneva-Reed, Elitsa I.
Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand.
Degree: 2012, University of South Carolina
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3488391
► This study was designed to gain an understanding of the linkage between development and sustainability of mangrove forest conversion in three coastal communities in…
(more)
▼ This study was designed to gain an understanding of the linkage between development and sustainability of mangrove forest conversion in three coastal communities in Thailand. It presents a methodology that could potentially aid coastal communities in determining sustainable land use conversion approaches by considering the viewpoint of villagers. A remote sensing analysis of Landsat satellite images from 1989, 2001 and 2007 showed the results of a moderate, but sustained shrimp farming industry that only partially exploited mangrove forests. The three villages experienced a range of changes in mangrove forest area. The villagers' perceptions (collected through field surveys) did not match the results from the remote sensing analysis and varied significantly. A logit multiple regression model was utilized to study the factors influencing whether villagers' estimates agreed or disagreed with the remote sensing analysis. Results showed that the only variables statistically significant at the 0.10 level were age, occupation, and proximity to the mangrove resource. There is a widespread belief that one of the main negative effects of the development of shrimp farms is the pollution of water and, as a consequence, the reduction of wild catch. In this study, a majority of fishing households reported a reduction in wild catch, with nearly all attributing it to shrimp farms. A relatively small number of households noted positive effects from shrimp farming and listed these as an increase of income as a result of working at shrimp farms. The most common negative effects identified by the locals were water pollution, followed by a decrease in wild catch, and an increase in the number of mosquitoes. Although shrimp farm developers promised many benefits from this enterprise, very few were realized by the villagers. Integrating information from household surveys with data on land-cover change derived from remote sensing improves our understanding of the causes and processes of land cover change, and the perceptions of such changes. Integrating these two data sources illustrated that while shrimp farms did not have very many positive effects on the villagers, they were not as directly harmful to the mangrove forests as many believed.
Subjects/Keywords: Geography; Remote Sensing
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Peneva-Reed, E. I. (2012). Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand. (Thesis). University of South Carolina. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3488391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peneva-Reed, Elitsa I. “Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand.” 2012. Thesis, University of South Carolina. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3488391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peneva-Reed, Elitsa I. “Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand.” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Peneva-Reed EI. Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Carolina; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3488391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Peneva-Reed EI. Linking local knowledge and satellite-derived land-use/land-cover change information in Krabi province, Thailand. [Thesis]. University of South Carolina; 2012. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3488391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Stanford University
20.
Gomez, Carmen Teresa.
Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements.
Degree: 2009, Stanford University
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3382961
► The elastic and electric parameters of rocks that can be obtained from seismic and electromagnetic data depend on porosity, texture, mineralogy, and fluid. However,…
(more)
▼ The elastic and electric parameters of rocks that can be obtained from seismic and electromagnetic data depend on porosity, texture, mineralogy, and fluid. However, seismic data seldom allow us to accurately quantify hydrocarbon saturation. On the other hand, in the case of common reservoir rocks (i.e., sandstones and carbonates), resistivity strongly depends on porosity and saturation. Therefore, the recent progress of controlled-source-electromagnetic (CSEM) methods opens new possibilities in identifying and quantifying potential hydrocarbon reservoirs, although its resolution is much lower than that of seismic data. Hence, a combination of seismic and CSEM data arguably offers a powerful means of finally resolving the problem of remote sensing of saturation. The question is how to combine the two data sources (elastic data and electrical resistivity data) to better characterize a reservoir. To address this question, we introduce the concept of P-wave impedance and resistivity templates as a tool to estimate porosity and saturation from well log data. Adequate elastic and resistivity models, according to the lithology, cementation, fluid properties must be chosen to construct these templates. These templates can be upscaled to seismic and CSEM scale using Backus average for seismic data, and total resistance for CSEM data. We also measured velocity and resistivity in Fontainebleau samples in the laboratory. Fontainebleau formation corresponds to clean sandstones (i.e., low clay content). We derived an empirical relation between these P-wave velocity and resistivity at 40MPa effective pressure, which is around 3 km depth at normal pressure gradients. We were not able to test if this relation could be used at well or field data scales (once appropriate upscaling was applied), since we did not have a field dataset over a stiff sandstone reservoir. A relationship between velocity and resistivity laboratory data was also found for a set of carbonates. This expression was quadratic, and not linear as in the case of Fontainebleau sandstones. There are other factors that influence this relationship in the case of these carbonates, which include pore geometry, and amount of micritic cement. We observed that the expression is almost linear, but it deviates as we approach lower resistivities. This deviation can be explained by the presence of stiff pores such as moldic or intra-granular pores, which causes high velocity but low resistivity values when water-saturated. In the same way, the effect of micrite cement on velocity is stronger than its effect on resistivity, and that also is responsible for some of the scatter that we observe. We also modeled both velocity and resistivity using self-consistent approximation with the same pore or inclusion geometries in both carbonate and sandstone laboratory datasets. In the case of carbonates, we found that we had to include needle-like pores to explain the low resistivity but high velocities. Needle is one of the geometries that allow us…
Subjects/Keywords: Geophysics; Remote Sensing
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Gomez, C. T. (2009). Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements. (Thesis). Stanford University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3382961
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gomez, Carmen Teresa. “Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements.” 2009. Thesis, Stanford University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3382961.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gomez, Carmen Teresa. “Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements.” 2009. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Gomez CT. Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stanford University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3382961.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gomez CT. Reservoir characterization combining elastic velocities and electrical resistivity measurements. [Thesis]. Stanford University; 2009. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3382961
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
The University of Arizona
21.
Demaria, Eleonora M. C.
Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins.
Degree: 2010, The University of Arizona
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3403310
► In data-poor regions around the world, particularly in less-privileged countries, hydrologists cannot always take advantage of available hydrological models to simulate a hydrological system…
(more)
▼ In data-poor regions around the world, particularly in less-privileged countries, hydrologists cannot always take advantage of available hydrological models to simulate a hydrological system due to the lack of reliable measurements of hydrological variables, in particular rainfall and streamflows, needed to implement and evaluate these models. Rainfall estimates obtained with remotely deployed sensors constitute an excellent source of precipitation for these basins, however they are prone to errors that can potentially affect hydrologic simulations. Concurrently, limited access to streamflow measurements does not allow a detailed representation of the system’s structure through parameter estimation techniques. This dissertation presents multiple studies that evaluate the usefulness of remotely sensed products for different hydrological applications and the sensitivity of simulated streamflow to parameter uncertainty across basins with different hydroclimatic characteristics with the ultimate goal of increasing the applicability of land surface models in ungauged basins, particularly in South America. Paper 1 presents a sensitivity analysis of daily simulated streamflows to changes in model parameters along a hydroclimatic gradient. Parameters controlling the generation of surface and subsurface flow were targeted for the study. Results indicate that the sensitivity is strongly controlled by climate and that a more parsimonious version of the model could be implemented. Paper 2 explores how errors in satellite-estimated precipitation, due to infrequent satellite measurements, propagate through the simulation of a basin's hydrological cycle and impact the characteristics of peak streamflows within the basin. Findings indicate that nonlinearities in the hydrological cycle can introduce bias in simulated streamflows with error-corrupted precipitation. They also show that some characteristics of peak discharges are not conditioned by errors in satellite-estimated precipitation at a daily time step. Paper 3 evaluates the dominant sources of error in three satellite products when representing convective storms and how shifts in the location of the storm affect simulated peak streamflows in the basin. Results indicate that satellite products show some deficiencies retrieving convective processes and that a ground bias correction can mitigate these deficiencies but without sacrificing the potential for real-time hydrological applications. Finally, spatially shifted precipitation fields affect the magnitude of the peaks, however, its impact on the timing of the peaks is dampened out by the system's response at a daily time scale.
Subjects/Keywords: Hydrology; Remote Sensing
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Demaria, E. M. C. (2010). Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins. (Thesis). The University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3403310
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Demaria, Eleonora M C. “Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins.” 2010. Thesis, The University of Arizona. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3403310.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Demaria, Eleonora M C. “Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins.” 2010. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Demaria EMC. Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins. [Internet] [Thesis]. The University of Arizona; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3403310.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Demaria EMC. Evaluating the impacts of input and parameter uncertainty on streamflow simulations in large under-instrumented basins. [Thesis]. The University of Arizona; 2010. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3403310
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Mississippi State University
22.
Johnston, Casey Aaron.
Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data.
Degree: MS, Forestry, 2017, Mississippi State University
URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11212016-160931/
;
► In previous research, longleaf pine was shown to be spectrally separable from loblolly pine when using high-resolution multispectral data from the WorldView-2 imaging satellite.…
(more)
▼ In previous research, longleaf pine was shown to be spectrally separable from loblolly pine when using high-resolution multispectral data from the WorldView-2 imaging satellite. However, analysis of such high-resolution datasets would be computationally inefficient over a large landscape such as the southeastern United States. Therefore, the objective of this thesis was to approximate the minimum spatial resolution required to separate these two southern pine species. A pan-sharpened, spectrally subset (NIR bands only) WorldView-2 dataset was spatially resampled from 0.46m to 0.5m, 1.0m, 2.0m, 4.0m, 8.0m, and 16.0m. Supervised classification was performed on each of these resampled resolutions. The results of the overall accuracies of these classifications showed that 2.0m is the approximate minimum spatial resolution required to accurately separate these species. Classification accuracy drops between 2.0m and 4.0m as pixel sizes more closely approximate tree crown sizes and spectral variance increases.
Advisors/Committee Members: Heidi J. Renninger (committee member), Charles O. Sabatia (committee member), Francisco J. Vilella (committee member), David L. Evans (chair).
Subjects/Keywords: forestry; remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Johnston, C. A. (2017). Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11212016-160931/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Johnston, Casey Aaron. “Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11212016-160931/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Johnston, Casey Aaron. “Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Johnston CA. Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11212016-160931/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Johnston CA. Investigating the influence of image resolution on longleaf pine identification in multispectral satellite data. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-11212016-160931/ ;
University of Oxford
23.
Hunt, Jonathan.
Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Oxford
URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:57da584e-f8f4-4822-9cde-d6a8c83d3936
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.808257
► The interactions between magmatism and crustal structure in continental rifts are manifold, and affect both rift dynamics and the populations that live within them. This…
(more)
▼ The interactions between magmatism and crustal structure in continental rifts are manifold, and affect both rift dynamics and the populations that live within them. This thesis explores these interactions, focussing on structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift, an archetypal continental rift. The rift hosts up to 10 large silicic volcanoes that have been active in the Quaternary, along with extensive basaltic volcanic fields and widespread geothermal activity. Using a range of geological, geochemical and remote sensing techniques, I examine past volcanism and present degassing with conclusions relevant for the local, regional and global scale. I use new diffuse CO₂ surveys to show the variability of fault-controlled degassing in the rift, and combine the results with a new compilation of geothermal sites to extrapolate for a rift-scale estimate of emissions. Whilst rift-related diffuse CO2 flux is clearly important for the global carbon budget, the new estimate for degassing in East Africa is lower than previously suggested. High-resolution digital elevation models produced for 3 silicic volcanoes in the Main Ethiopian Rift and 1 volcano in Afar show vent and crater alignments along both rift-parallel and cross-rift structures. I have mapped previously unidentified deposits, and compared the relative frequency, type, and magnitude of eruptions at each volcano. Morphological constraints suggest emplacement viscosities for peralkaline lavas of ~10⁸–10¹⁰ Pa s, similar to or lower than calc-alkaline rhyolites. I compare the morphology of basaltic volcanic fields using digital elevation models, and calculate average volumes. Isolated cones adjacent to faults in East Ziway suggests dike capture, and morphometric analysis (e.g., height to width ratios and rim curvature) suggests an older age than cones in the Butajira field on the rift flank. Superimposed cones and maars at Butajira were likely emplaced by fissure eruptions and phreatomagmatic activity fed by deflected dikes.
Subjects/Keywords: Volcanology; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Hunt, J. (2019). Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:57da584e-f8f4-4822-9cde-d6a8c83d3936 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.808257
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hunt, Jonathan. “Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:57da584e-f8f4-4822-9cde-d6a8c83d3936 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.808257.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hunt, Jonathan. “Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hunt J. Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:57da584e-f8f4-4822-9cde-d6a8c83d3936 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.808257.
Council of Science Editors:
Hunt J. Structural controls on volcanism and degassing in the Main Ethiopian Rift. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:57da584e-f8f4-4822-9cde-d6a8c83d3936 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.808257
University of California, San Diego
24.
Lindsey, Eric Ostrom.
Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy.
Degree: 2015, University of California, San Diego
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721663
► This dissertation presents the collection and processing of dense high-precision geode- tic data across major faults throughout Southern California. The results are used to…
(more)
▼ This dissertation presents the collection and processing of dense high-precision geode- tic data across major faults throughout Southern California. The results are used to inform numerical models of the long-term slip rate and interseismic behavior of these faults, as well as their frictional and rheological properties at shallow depths. The data include campaign surveys of dense networks of GPS monuments crossing the faults, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) observations from ENVISAT. Using a Bayesian framework, we first assess to what extent these data constrain relative fault slip rates on the San Andreas and San Jacinto faults, and show that the inferred parameters depend critically on the assumed fault geometry. We next look in detail at near-field observations of strain across the San Jacinto fault, and show that the source of this strain may be either deep anomalous creep or a new form of shallow, distributed yielding in the top few kilometers of the crust. On the San Andreas fault, we show that this type of shallow yielding does occur, and its presence or absence is controlled by variations in the local normal stress that result from subtle bends in the fault. Finally, we investigate shallow creep on the Imperial fault, and show that thanks to observations from all parts of the earthquake cycle it is now possible to obtain a strong constraint on the shallow frictional rheology and depth of the material responsible for creep. The results also suggest activity on a hidden fault to the West, whose existence has been previously suggested but never confirmed.
Subjects/Keywords: Geophysics; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Lindsey, E. O. (2015). Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy. (Thesis). University of California, San Diego. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721663
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lindsey, Eric Ostrom. “Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy.” 2015. Thesis, University of California, San Diego. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721663.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lindsey, Eric Ostrom. “Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lindsey EO. Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California, San Diego; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721663.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lindsey EO. Fault properties, rheology and interseismic deformation in Southern California from high-precision space geodesy. [Thesis]. University of California, San Diego; 2015. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3721663
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Texas A&M University
25.
Ajayi, Sarah Opeyemi.
Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield.
Degree: PhD, Agronomy, 2018, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173300
► Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production can be enhanced through the development of improved cultivars with wider genetic background, capable of producing higher yield under various…
(more)
▼ Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production can be enhanced through the development of improved cultivars with wider genetic background, capable of producing higher yield under various agro-climatic conditions, biotic and abiotic stresses. Early growth stages in wheat can be influenced by many factors, such as planting date, type of cultivar, and water management, among others. It is essential to monitor the crop performance early by taking accurate measurements of crop growth parameters. Monitoring wheat performance during the growing season will provide information on productivity and prospects for realizing yield potential. However, monitoring conventional methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive and can cause large sampling errors.
Remote sensing tools have provided easy and quick measurements of ground cover and aboveground biomass, without destructive sampling. The central objective of this research is to evaluate the performance of wheat genotypes using
remote sensors on a ground-based plant
sensing system, Greenseeker® , and manned aircraft system, under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Field experiments were conducted in the Texas A&M AgriLife Research Experiment Station at Bushland, Texas, in 2011-2012, 2012-2013, 2014- 2015 and 2015-2016 winter wheat growing seasons. Yield as the major desirable trait for plant breeders was associated with biomass at anthesis and maturity, harvest index, spikes m⁻², seeds m⁻², seeds spike⁻¹ and TKW. Spectral data from the
remote sensors were taken during tillering, jointing, and heading stage, and used to compute eleven spectral vegetation indices. Results showed that significant variation exists among the genotypes using the indices at different growth stages. Field data included aboveground biomass, percent ground cover (%GC), and yield. The field data and vegetation indices had a significant relationship (R² = 0.30- 0.99, P˂0.05) with the %GC, aboveground biomass, and yield. %GC had the best estimation among the field data with a single index (R² = 0.84; training and R² = 0.94; validation, P˂.0001). Results indicate that the indices could be used as an indirect selection tool for screening a large number of early-generation lines and advanced wheat genotypes. Overall, this study illustrated the potential use of
remote sensing techniques by wheat breeders for highthroughput phenotyping to screen for drought tolerant and high-yielding genotypes.
Advisors/Committee Members: XUE, QINGWU (advisor), IBRAHIM, AMIR (advisor), RAJAN, NITHYA (committee member), RUDD, JACKIE (committee member), LIU, SHUYU (committee member), SUI, RUIXIU (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Wheat; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Ajayi, S. O. (2018). Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173300
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ajayi, Sarah Opeyemi. “Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173300.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ajayi, Sarah Opeyemi. “Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ajayi SO. Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173300.
Council of Science Editors:
Ajayi SO. Development and Evaluation of Remote Sensing Techniques for Assessing Winter Wheat Growth and Yield. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173300
Michigan Technological University
26.
Demiraslan, Tugay.
Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan.
Degree: 2019, Michigan Technological University
URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422276
► This study implemented LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) remote sensing technology and applied ITD (Individual Tree Detection) methods as an approach to estimate some…
(more)
▼ This study implemented LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) remote sensing technology and applied ITD (Individual Tree Detection) methods as an approach to estimate some essential tree variables, such as DBH (Diameter at Breast Height), height, volume, and biomass for Ford Forest Research Center in Upper Peninsula, Michigan. There were 34 deciduous (1 bigtooth aspen, 9 red oaks, 20 sugar maples, 2 white birches, and 2 yellow birches) and 17 coniferous (2 eastern hemlocks, 11 red pines, and 4 white pines) subject tree species. There were two different available LiDAR datasets from the same area that were collected in 2011 and 2017. Height measurements were done at 96% and 97% accuracy for hardwood and softwood tree species, respectively. Several other tree variables derived from LiDAR point cloud were used to estimate DBH by using regression analysis for both 2017 and 2011 datasets. Estimation equations were tested on the other dataset. The best-fitted formula was 2017’s, with 0.55 adjusted R² and less than 0.0001 p-values on 2017 LiDAR data while 0.42 adjusted R² and less than 0.0001 p-values on 2011’s dataset. Some additional analysis that includes calculating PRMSE (Predicted Root Mean Square Error), BIAS (Mean Error), and MAD (Mean Absolute Difference) have been applied. The equation that was generated by using data from 2017 has –0.57 BIAS for Hardwood and 1.13 BIAS for softwood. That result indicates that the equation has –0.57 centimeters (cm) estimation error for hardwood and 1.13 cm for softwood on DBH estimations.
Subjects/Keywords: Forestry; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Demiraslan, T. (2019). Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan. (Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Demiraslan, Tugay. “Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan.” 2019. Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Demiraslan, Tugay. “Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Demiraslan T. Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Demiraslan T. Estimation of DBH Using Tree Variables Derived from Aerial LiDAR for Ford Forest, Baraga, Michigan. [Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Florida State University
27.
Nowell, Holly Kreutzer.
On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling.
Degree: PhD, Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, 2015, Florida State University
URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9660
;
► Although spheres and spheroids have been used extensively by researchers as convenient models to approximate "snowflakes" when computing their microwave scattering properties, recent research indicates…
(more)
▼ Although spheres and spheroids have been used extensively by researchers as convenient models to approximate "snowflakes" when computing their microwave scattering properties, recent research indicates that the scattering properties of more accurately simulated snowflakes are fundamentally different from the simplified models. To resolve this well-recognized discrepancy, a new snowflake aggregation model is developed in this study and the microwave single-scattering properties of the modeled aggregate snowflakes are characterized for use in radiative transfer modeling and
remote sensing algorithm development. Three different aggregate snowflake types (rounded, oblate and prolate) are generated by random aggregation of 6-bullet rosettes constrained by size-density relationships derived from previous field observations. Additionally, they are further constrained to empirically determined aspect ratios (ar) and fractal dimensions (df) of aggregate flakes. Due to random generation, aggregates may have the same size or mass, yet different morphology, allowing for a study into how detailed structure influences an individual flake's scattering properties. Single-scattering properties of the aggregates were investigated using discrete dipole approximation (DDA) at 10 frequencies: 10.65, 13.6, 18.7, 23.8, 35.6, 36.5, 89.0, 94.0, 165.5 and 183.31 GHz. All of these frequencies are currently used in instruments (radar and radiometers) aboard satellites involved in the research of atmospheric ice particles. Results from DDA were compared to those of Mie theory for solid and soft spheres (with a density 10% that of solid ice) and to T-matrix results for solid and soft spheroidal cases with ar values of 0.8 and 0.6 dependent on flake type (rounded, oblate or prolate). Analyzing modeling results, it is found that above size parameter 0.75, neither solid nor soft sphere and spheroidal approximations accurately represented the DDA results for all aggregate types. The asymmetry parameter and the normalized scattering and backscattering cross-sections of the aggregate groups fell between the soft and solid spherical and spheroidal approximations. This implies that evaluating snow scattering properties using realistic shapes, such as the aggregates created in this study, is necessary in radiative transfer modeling and
remote sensing studies. When examining the dependence of the single-scattering properties on each aggregate's detailed structure, morphology seemed of secondary importance. Using normalized standard deviation as a measure of relative uncertainty, it is found that the relative uncertainty in backscattering arising from the different morphologies caused by random aggregation is typically ~17%, 13% and 14% for individual particles and ~20%, 30% and 30% when integrated over size distributions for rounded, oblate and prolate flakes respectively. Relative uncertainties for other single-scattering parameters are less. These analyses indicate that a scattering database can be created to approximate the single-scattering properties…
Advisors/Committee Members: Guosheng Liu (professor directing dissertation), Eric Chicken (university representative), Mark Allan Bourassa (committee member), R. G. Ellingson (committee member), Vasubandhu Misra (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Meteorology; Remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Nowell, H. K. (2015). On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling. (Doctoral Dissertation). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9660 ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nowell, Holly Kreutzer. “On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Florida State University. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9660 ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nowell, Holly Kreutzer. “On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling.” 2015. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Nowell HK. On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Florida State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9660 ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Nowell HK. On the Single-Scattering Properties of Realistic Snowflakes: An Improved Aggregation Algorithm and Discrete Dipole Approximation Modeling. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Florida State University; 2015. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_migr_etd-9660 ;
28.
Neusitzer, Thomas David.
On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice.
Degree: Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2017, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32423
► This thesis explores the effects of crude oil spilled beneath young sea ice on the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of the ice at…
(more)
▼ This thesis explores the effects of crude oil spilled beneath young sea ice on the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of the ice at microwave (C-band) frequencies. The dielectric profile, also referred to as the complex permittivity profile, of sea ice is a governing factor in how the ice scatters incident electromagnetic waves, thus affecting its associated normalized radar cross-section. The dielectric profile of sea ice is dependent on both the geophysical and thermal properties of the ice. Crude oil contained beneath, within, or on the surface of young sea ice was expected to change these properties, thus impacting both the dielectric profile and normalized radar cross-section of the ice. Differences between the dielectric profile and normalized radar cross-section of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice is expected to facilitate detection of oil-contaminated sea ice through active microwave
remote sensing technologies. As such, a discussion of the geophysical, thermodynamic, and electromagnetic properties of sea ice is presented, as well as an overview of the behaviour of oil in ice infested environments and the efforts undertaken to detect crude oil-contaminated sea ice. Following this, the details of a preliminary laboratory experiment conducted to explore the differences in the dielectric profiles of uncontaminated and contaminated sea ice are presented. Next, a comprehensive description of the meso-scale crude oil-in-sea ice experiment and the results, including the modelled dielectric profiles and measured normalized radar cross-sections of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice, is provided. Finally, a simulation study comparing the normalized radar cross-section for the uncontaminated and oil-contaminated cases is presented. Based on the experimental and simulation work conducted, the observed differences in the temperature profiles and normalized radar cross-sections of uncontaminated and oil-contaminated sea ice suggest that differentiation between uncontaminated and oil-contaminated young sea ice using microwave
remote sensing technologies may be possible.
Advisors/Committee Members: Mojabi, Puyan (Electrical and Computer Engineering), Isleifson, Dustin (Electrical and Computer Engineering).
Subjects/Keywords: Arctic remote sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Neusitzer, T. D. (2017). On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32423
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Neusitzer, Thomas David. “On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32423.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Neusitzer, Thomas David. “On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Neusitzer TD. On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32423.
Council of Science Editors:
Neusitzer TD. On the dielectric properties and normalized radar cross-section of crude oil-contaminated sea ice. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32423
University of Manitoba
29.
Larter, Jarod Lee.
Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data.
Degree: Environment and Geography, 2010, University of Manitoba
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3947
► Stephens Lake, Manitoba is an example of a peatland reservoir that has undergone physical changes related to mineral erosion and peatland disintegration processes since its…
(more)
▼ Stephens Lake, Manitoba is an example of a peatland reservoir that has undergone physical changes related to mineral erosion and peatland disintegration processes since its initial impoundment. In this thesis I focused on the processes of peatland upheaval, transport, and disintegration as the primary drivers of dynamic change within the reservoir. The changes related to these processes are most frequent after initial reservoir impoundment and decline over time. They continue to occur over 35 years after initial flooding. I developed a
remote sensing approach that employs both optical and microwave sensors for discriminating land (i.e. floating peatlands, forested land, and barren land) from open water within the reservoir. High spatial resolution visible and near-infrared (VNIR) optical data obtained from the QuickBird satellite, and synthetic aperture radar (SAR) microwave data obtained from the RADARSAT-1 satellite were implemented. The approach was facilitated with a Geographic Information System (GIS) based validation map for the extraction of optical and SAR pixel data. Each sensor’s extracted data set was first analyzed separately using univariate and multivariate statistical methods to determine the discriminant ability of each sensor. The initial analyses were followed by an integrated sensor approach; the development of an image classification model; and a change detection analysis.
Results showed excellent (> 95%) classification accuracy using QuickBird satellite image data. Discrimination and classification of studied land cover classes using SAR image texture data resulted in lower overall classification accuracies (~ 60%). SAR data classification accuracy improved to > 90% when classifying only land and water, demonstrating SAR’s utility as a land and water mapping tool. An integrated sensor data approach showed no considerable improvement over the use of optical satellite image data alone. An image classification model was developed that could be used to map both detailed land cover classes and the land and water interface within the reservoir. Change detection analysis over a seven year period indicated that physical changes related to mineral erosion, peatland upheaval, transport, and disintegration, and operational water level variation continue to take place in the reservoir some 35 years after initial flooding.
This thesis demonstrates the ability of optical and SAR satellite image
remote sensing data sets to be used in an operational context for the routine discrimination of the land and water boundaries within a dynamic peatland reservoir. Future monitoring programs would benefit most from a complementary image acquisition program in which SAR images, known for their acquisition reliability under cloud cover, are acquired along with optical images given their ability to discriminate land cover classes in greater detail.
Advisors/Committee Members: Barber, David (Environment and Geography) (supervisor), Cooley, Paul (Environment and Geography) Swanson, Gary (Manitoba Hydro) (examiningcommittee).
Subjects/Keywords: remote sensing; environment
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APA (6th Edition):
Larter, J. L. (2010). Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3947
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Larter, Jarod Lee. “Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed March 04, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3947.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Larter, Jarod Lee. “Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data.” 2010. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Larter JL. Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3947.
Council of Science Editors:
Larter JL. Remote sensing of a dynamic sub-arctic peatland reservoir using optical and synthetic aperture radar data. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/3947
University of Nevada – Las Vegas
30.
Pfannenstein, Adam.
Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material.
Degree: MS, Health Physics and Diagnostic Sciences, 2018, University of Nevada – Las Vegas
URL: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3307
► The release of airborne radioactive material presents a health risk hazard to many individuals, emergency responders and public. It is necessary to characterize the…
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▼ The release of airborne radioactive material presents a health risk hazard to many individuals, emergency responders and public. It is necessary to characterize the unknown radioactive dangers produced in the event of these incidents. Advantages to utilizing unmanned aerial systems in this effort are personnel risk reduction and quick attainment of data points in a plume. By pairing a continuous air monitor and detector with a drone, radioactive material concentration can be quantified, and thus the extent of potential doses can be estimated. A small, low-flow air sampler with a Geiger-Mueller counter was characterized using measurements of sources representing a cloud of material and modelled using MCNP to find the usefulness of the system for detection of nuclides of concern. The flying time and payload weight capacity limit the minimum detectable activity concentration possible over the window of operation of the system. It was found that activity concentrations corresponding to external and internal doses of concern can be detected through use of this system with certainty for 90Sr and 137Cs in a plume, while those corresponding to 241Am and 238Pu are more difficult to detect. This technical basis supports use of this system after nuclear power accidents, where fission and activation products may be released, but shows the limitation for application of detection of airborne special nuclear material.
Advisors/Committee Members: Steen Madsen, Carson Riland, Paul Guss, Alexander Barzilov.
Subjects/Keywords: Nuclear; Remote Sensing
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APA (6th Edition):
Pfannenstein, A. (2018). Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material. (Masters Thesis). University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Retrieved from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3307
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Pfannenstein, Adam. “Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Accessed March 04, 2021.
https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3307.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Pfannenstein, Adam. “Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Pfannenstein A. Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04].
Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3307.
Council of Science Editors:
Pfannenstein A. Evaluation of a Continuous Air Monitoring System on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Measurement of Airborne Radioactive Material. [Masters Thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2018. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3307
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