subject:(raskasmetallit)

1. Kauppi, Kalle. Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä.

Degree: 2016, Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu

URL: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/111643

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Opinnäytetyön aiheena oli perehtyä keskeisimpien raskasmetallien esiintymiseen luonnossa ja teollisuusympäristössä, sekä näiden terveysvaikutuksiin. Kirjallisessa osassa perehdyttiin myös kahteen suureen kaivos- ja metalliteollisuuden yritykseen, sekä erityisesti… (more)

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Opinnäytetyön aiheena oli perehtyä keskeisimpien raskasmetallien esiintymiseen luonnossa ja teollisuusympäristössä, sekä näiden terveysvaikutuksiin. Kirjallisessa osassa perehdyttiin myös kahteen suureen kaivos- ja metalliteollisuuden yritykseen, sekä erityisesti yritysten aiheuttamiin ympäristöpäästöihin viime vuosien aikana. Työn kokeellisena osana oli testata menetelmiä, joilla raskasmetalleja voidaan poistaa vedestä. Testeissä käytettiin etupäässä nikkeli, jota valmistetaan runsaasti Satakunnan alueella (Norilsk Nickel Harjavalta). Käytettyihin menetelmiin lukeutuvat pH-säätö, aktiivihiilen käyttö sekä näiden kahden yhdistäminen ja potentiaalieron/elektrolyysin käyttö. Jokaisen käytetyn menetelmän tulokset olivat rohkaisevia jo erikseen, mutta näitä yhdistelemällä päästiin vielä parempiin tuloksiin. Jo yksinkertaisimmalla menetelmällä päästiin 70-90 %:n poistoasteeseen. Parhaimmalla testatulla menetelmällä nikkeli saatiin poistettua käytännössä kokonaan. Oleellisin muuttuja metallien poistoon vesistä työtuloksien mukaan on pH. Kemikaalimäärät ja vaikutusaika ovat myös suuria vaikutustekijöitä.

The purpose of this thesis was to study the main heavy metals occurrence in nature and industry, as well as their health effects. The written part also takes a look into two large scale mining- and metal industry companies and their nickel emissions. The experimental part of the study included different methods to remove heavy met-als from water. The chosen metal for these tests was nickel, since nickel is widely produced and relatively harmful heavy metal. The methods used included pH- ad-justment, the use of activated carbon as well as the combination of these two, and the use of potential difference / electrolysis. The results from each separate methods were encouraging, but when combined the results were even better. Even with the simplest method used, a 70-90 % removal rate was achieved. The best tested method removed virtually all of the contained nickel from the samples. According to the results, the most relevant variable for removing metals from water is pH. Volumes of the used chemicals and the given reaction time were also major factors.

Advisors/Committee Members: Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu.

Subjects/Keywords: nikkeli; raskasmetallit; talousvesi; terveysvaikutukset; ympäristövaikutukset

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kauppi, K. (2016). Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä. (Thesis). Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu. Retrieved from http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/111643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kauppi, Kalle. “Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä.” 2016. Thesis, Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/111643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kauppi, Kalle. “Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kauppi K. Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä. [Internet] [Thesis]. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/111643.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kauppi K. Raskasmetallien esiintyminen, terveysvaikutukset ja niiden poisto vesistä. [Thesis]. Satakunnan ammattikorkeakoulu; 2016. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/111643

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

2. Pernaa, Pirjo. Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit.

Degree: 1992, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158614

Subjects/Keywords: jäkälät; raskasmetallit; radionuklidit; Farmakognosia; jäkälät; raskasmetallit; radionuklidit

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pernaa, P. (1992). Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pernaa, Pirjo. “Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit.” 1992. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pernaa, Pirjo. “Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit.” 1992. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pernaa P. Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1992. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158614.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pernaa P. Jäkälien sisältämät raskasmetallit ja radionuklidit. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158614

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

3. Aalto, Minna. Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella.

Degree: 1998, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157185

Subjects/Keywords: makrofauna; rehevöityminen; itäinen Suomenlahti; raskasmetallit; hydrografia; Hydrobiologia; makrofauna; rehevöityminen; itäinen Suomenlahti; raskasmetallit; hydrografia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Aalto, M. (1998). Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aalto, Minna. “Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella.” 1998. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aalto, Minna. “Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella.” 1998. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Aalto M. Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1998. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157185.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Aalto M. Ympäristötekijöiden vaikutus pohjaeläimistöön itäisellä Suomenlahdella. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1998. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157185

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

4. Raatikainen, Arto. Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983.

Degree: 1992, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158212

Subjects/Keywords: seinäsammal; metsäkerrossammal; raskasmetallit; metsätaloudellinen muuttuja; Systemaattis-ekologinen kasvitiede; seinäsammal; metsäkerrossammal; raskasmetallit; metsätaloudellinen muuttuja

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APA (6^th Edition):

Raatikainen, A. (1992). Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158212

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Raatikainen, Arto. “Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983.” 1992. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158212.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Raatikainen, Arto. “Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983.” 1992. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Raatikainen A. Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1992. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158212.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Raatikainen A. Metsäsammalien raskasmetallipitoisuudet Lieksan, Nurmeksen ja Rautavaaran hoitoalueilla vuosina 1981-1983. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/158212

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oulu

5. Yliniemi, J. (Juho). Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes.

Degree: 2017, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215624

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Abstract Biomass, such as wood, binds CO2 as it grows, and is thus considered an environmentally friendly alternative fuel to replace coal. In Finland, biomass… (more)

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Abstract Biomass, such as wood, binds CO2 as it grows, and is thus considered an environmentally friendly alternative fuel to replace coal. In Finland, biomass is typically co-combusted with peat, and also municipal waste is becoming more common as a fuel for power plants. Wood, peat and waste-based fuels are typically burned in fluidized bed combustion (FBC) boilers. Ash is the inorganic, incombustible residue resulting from combustion. The annual production of biomass and peat ash in Finland is 600 000 tonnes, and this amount is likely to increase in the future, since the use of coal for energy production will be discontinued during the 2020s. Unfortunately, FBC ash is still largely unutilized at the moment and is mainly dumped in landfills. The general aim of this thesis was to generate information which could potentially improve the utilization of FBC ash by alkali activation. The specific objective was to produce geopolymer aggregates by means of a simultaneous alkali activation-granulation process. It was shown that geopolymer aggregates with physical properties comparable to commercial lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECAs) can be produced from FBC fly ash containing heavy metals. Although the ashes were largely unreactive and no new crystalline phases were formed by alkali activation, a new amorphous phase was observed in the XRD patterns, possibly representing micron-sized calcium aluminate silicate hydrate-type gels. The heavy metal immobilization efficiency of alkali activation varied with the type of fly ash. Good stabilization was generally obtained for cationic metals such as Ba, Pb and Zn, but in common with the results obtained with alkali activation of coal fly ash, anionic metals became leachable after alkali activation. The efficiency of immobilization depended on the physical and chemical properties of the fly ash and was not related to the total content of the element. All the geopolymer aggregates met the criteria for a lightweight aggregate (LWA) as defined by EN standard 13055-1. Their strength depended on the reactivity and particle size distribution of the fly ash. Mortars and concretes prepared with such geopolymer aggregates had higher mechanical strength, higher dynamic modulus of elasticity and higher density than concrete produced with commercial LECA, while exhibiting similar rheology and workability.

Tiivistelmä Biopolttoaineet, esimerkiksi puu, ovat ympäristöystävällinen vaihtoehto kivihiilelle, koska ne sitovat hiilidioksidia kasvaessaan. Suomessa biopolttoaineita poltetaan tyypillisesti turpeen kanssa, ja nykyään myös jätteen hyödyntäminen polttoaineena on yleistynyt. Puu, turve ja jätepolttoaineet poltetaan tyypillisesti leijupetipoltto-tekniikalla. Tuhka on polton epäorgaaninen, palamaton jäännös. Puun ja turpeen tuhkaa tuotetaan Suomessa 600 000 tonnia vuodessa ja määrän odotetaan kasvavan, sillä kivihiilen poltto lopetetaan 2020-luvulla. Leijupetipolton tuhkaa ei tällä hetkellä juurikaan hyödynnetä ja tuhka päätyykin pääasiassa kaatopaikoille. Tämän tutkielman…

Advisors/Committee Members: Illikainen, M. (Mirja), Tiainen, M. (Minna).

Subjects/Keywords: fluidized bed combustion; fly ash; geopolymers; granulation; heavy metals; immobilization; stabilization; geopolymeerit; immobilisaatio; leijupetipoltto; lentotuhka; rakeistus; raskasmetallit; stabilointi

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yliniemi, J. (. (2017). Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215624

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yliniemi, J (Juho). “Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215624.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yliniemi, J (Juho). “Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes.” 2017. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yliniemi J(. Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215624.

Council of Science Editors:

Yliniemi J(. Alkali activation-granulation of fluidized bed combustion fly ashes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2017. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526215624

University of Helsinki

6. Ryhti, Kira. Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences; Helsingfors universitet, Agrikultur- och forstvetenskapliga fakulteten, Institutionen för skogsvetenskaper, 2016, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/172469

► Finnish energy production is producing around 1.5 million tons ashes annually. The aim is to utilize ashes instead of landfilling as well as to replace… (more)

▼ Finnish energy production is producing around 1.5 million tons ashes annually. The aim is to utilize ashes instead of landfilling as well as to replace the use of exhaustible natural materials. Wood and peat ashes can be used, for example, in field and forest fertilization and land construction. In road construction and rehabilitation, ash can be used to replace expensive aggregates and achieve better load capacity features. This study was part of the Natural Resources Institute Finland’s (formerly the Finnish Forest Research Institute) project: "New technologies as assistance for the lower road network construction and maintenance". The purpose of this research was to investigate the leaching of heavy metals, nutrients and salts from ash treatments by collecting infiltrate waters with zero-tension lyzimeters, taking water samples from nearby ditch waters and clarify influencing factors. The plots were established in Jämsä on the old forest roads, which are rehabilitated with mixed wood and peat ash in the autumn 2011. The site consists of two forest roads, which had four types of ash treatments and control treatment. For each plot, six zero-tension lysimeters (0.1 m2) were installed every 20 meters, tree to the roads surface and tree to deeper levels. In addition to lysimeters, water samples were taken from nearby ditches. Water samples were collected during 2012 – 2014 once a month from May onwards for 6-8 months. The relations between the substances were tested for statistical correlations (Pearson) and the effects of treatments to leaching were tested with the Tukey HSD-test. Concentrations of 32 elements, ions and compounds were determined from lyzimeter and ditch water samples. Heavy metal concentrations were during the entire follow-up period mainly low. There were no elevated heavy metal concentrations in ditch waters either. The content of nutrients and salts in the water samples were higher from ash treatments than from control treatments. The content of nutrients and salts were also higher in ditch water samples compared to control ditch. Several soluble substances from the ashes had a statistically significant positive correlation (p <0.01) with each other. The results varied a lot progressively, between plots and between the lysimeters of the same plot. Significantly higher concentrations were measured from two lysimeters for number of elements compared to the other lysimeters in other plots (p <0.05). In most cases, the results were very mixed and there was no clear difference between the control and ash treatments. The study yielded valuable information about the leaching of substances from ash structures. A three-year follow-up period is short, for example, compared to the long-term forest fertilization experiments that can last for decades. The pH of the ash decreases in time and decrease in pH could increase solubility of heavy metals. The average concentrations of many elements in water samples from lysimeters and ditch waters were at the same level than in soil waters in forest.…

Subjects/Keywords: tuhka; lysimetri; metsätie; teknologia; raskasmetallit; Skoglig ekologi och resurshushållning; Forest Ecology and Management; Metsien ekologia ja käyttö

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ryhti, K. (2016). Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta. (Masters Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/172469

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ryhti, Kira. “Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/172469.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ryhti, Kira. “Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ryhti K. Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/172469.

Council of Science Editors:

Ryhti K. Aineiden huuhtoutuminen metsätiekokeiden rakenteissa käytettävästä tuhkasta. [Masters Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/172469

University of Helsinki

7. Kolehmainen, Kimmo. Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä.

Degree: 1997, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157194

Subjects/Keywords: sammalet; raskasmetallit; laskeuma; anatomia; morfologia; pidättyminen; Systemaattis-ekologinen kasvitiede; sammalet; raskasmetallit; laskeuma; anatomia; morfologia; pidättyminen

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kolehmainen, K. (1997). Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kolehmainen, Kimmo. “Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä.” 1997. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kolehmainen, Kimmo. “Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä.” 1997. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kolehmainen K. Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1997. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kolehmainen K. Sammallajien väliset erot raskasmetallien kerääjinä. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1997. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

8. Monni, Satu. Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994.

Degree: 1996, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157268

Subjects/Keywords: rauta- ja terästehdas; sammalet; ilmansaasteet; raskasmetallit; kalsium; Systemaattis-ekologinen kasvitiede; rauta- ja terästehdas; sammalet; ilmansaasteet; raskasmetallit; kalsium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Monni, S. (1996). Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Monni, Satu. “Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994.” 1996. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Monni, Satu. “Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994.” 1996. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Monni S. Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1996. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157268.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Monni S. Oy Fundia Wire Ab:n Koverharin rauta- ja terästehtaan vaikutus metsäsammaliin Hankoniemellä vuosina 1993 ja 1994. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1996. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157268

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

9. Lidman, Hannele. Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991.

Degree: 1993, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157846

Subjects/Keywords: ilman epäpuhtaudet; raskasmetallit; seinäsammal (Pleurozium schreberi); öljynjalostus; Systemaattis-ekologinen kasvitiede; ilman epäpuhtaudet; raskasmetallit; seinäsammal (Pleurozium schreberi); öljynjalostus

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lidman, H. (1993). Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157846

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lidman, Hannele. “Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991.” 1993. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157846.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lidman, Hannele. “Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991.” 1993. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lidman H. Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1993. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157846.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lidman H. Raskasmetallikartoitus Neste Oy:n Porvoon tuotantolaitosten ympäristössä seinäsammalen avulla kesällä 1991. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 1993. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/157846

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oulu

10. Landaburu-Aguirre, J. (Junkal). Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology.

Degree: 2012, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299117

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Abstract Fertilizer industry often generates phosphorous rich wastewaters containing heavy metals. While phosphorous is a valuable compound for the industry, heavy metals hinder the recovery… (more)

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Abstract Fertilizer industry often generates phosphorous rich wastewaters containing heavy metals. While phosphorous is a valuable compound for the industry, heavy metals hinder the recovery of phosphorous due to their detrimental effects on human health and the environment. Consequently, heavy metals must be removed from the wastewaters. In this study the use of micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) was evaluated for the removal of cadmium, copper, zinc and nickel from phosphorous rich wastewaters. This study has been conducted following a systematic methodology from single metal synthetic wastewaters to more complex synthetic and real wastewaters. The experimental work was conducted in a laboratory scale stirred cell using 3, 5 and 10 kDa regenerated cellulose membranes and in a cross flow semi-pilot scale equipment using a 10 kDa spiral wound polyethersulphone membrane. Statistical design of experiments was used as the research methodology to evaluate the effect of factors on the MEUF process performance as well as for finding optimal conditions. The factors studied were heavy metal, phosphorous and surfactant feed concentrations, pH, membrane nominal molecular weight limits, transmembrane pressure and cross flow velocity. The membrane performance was characterized by the heavy metal retention/rejection coefficients and the permeate flux. The experimental results showed that the removal of heavy metals from single synthetic wastewaters by MEUF is more efficient for more diluted systems. In complex systems containing phosphorous, simultaneous removal of heavy metals was successfully achieved obtaining rejection coefficients up to 80%. Phosphorous was not retained by the membrane showing the potential applicability of MEUF to purify phosphorous rich wastewaters. The study of metal complex formation and heavy metal competition has been shown to be very important in order to predict the MEUF results. Concentration polarization phenomenon was insignificant in the synthetic wastewaters but it was more severe when applying MEUF to real wastewaters. In addition, with real wastewaters SDS leakage was insignificant. This study has provided new and valuable knowledge regarding the applicability of MEUF to industrial wastewater treatment.

Tiivistelmä Lannoiteteollisuus tuottaa usein jätevesiä, jotka sisältävät huomattavia määriä fosforia, sekä pieniä määriä raskasmetalleja. Vaikka fosfori on tärkeä raaka-aine lannoiteteollisuudelle, jätevesissä olevat raskasmetallit kuitenkin estävät sen hyötykäyttöä fosforin lähteenä. Raskasmetallit ovat haitallisia sekä luonnolle että ihmisten terveydelle, joten niiden erottaminen jätevesistä on tärkeää. Tässä työssä tutkittiin miselliavusteisen ultrasuodatuksen (MEUF) käyttöä kadmiumin, kuparin, sinkin ja nikkelin poistamiseen fosforipitoisista jätevesistä. Väitöskirjatyössä tutkittiin systemaattisesti synteettisiä jätevesiä, jotka sisälsivät joko yhtä tai useita raskasmetalleja, sekä lannoitetehtaalta kerättyjä jätevesiä. Kokeet tehtiin laboratoriomittakaavan sekoituskennolla,…

Advisors/Committee Members: Keiski, R. (Riitta), Pongrácz, E. (Eva).

Subjects/Keywords: clean technologies; heavy metals; membrane technology; micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration; phosphorous; statistical design of experiments; wastewater; fosfori; jätevesi; kalvoerotustekniikka; miselliavusteinen ultrasuodatus; puhtaat teknologiat; raskasmetallit; tilastollinen koesuunnittelu

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Landaburu-Aguirre, J. (. (2012). Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299117

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Landaburu-Aguirre, J (Junkal). “Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299117.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Landaburu-Aguirre, J (Junkal). “Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology.” 2012. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Landaburu-Aguirre J(. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299117.

Council of Science Editors:

Landaburu-Aguirre J(. Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of heavy metals from phosphorous-rich wastewaters:from end-of-pipe to clean technology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2012. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299117

University of Oulu

11. Pirilä, M. (Minna). Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods.

Degree: 2015, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207629

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Abstract Water contamination is a global problem and the growing utilization of limited water resources creates a need for efficient purification methods. Industrial effluents are… (more)

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Abstract Water contamination is a global problem and the growing utilization of limited water resources creates a need for efficient purification methods. Industrial effluents are polluting the natural waters, e.g. uncontrolled mining activities in developing countries have created numerous environmental hazards and different types of pollutants. This study focuses on novel adsorbents and photocatalytic materials in order to reach the aim of more efficient and affordable water treatment. This thesis aimed at making active, efficient, and viable adsorbents out of waste materials, as well as using photocatalysis in water treatment for organic pollutants originating from different types of industries. Local Peruvian agro-waste was used as a precursor for activated carbon that was used in adsorption studies for single (As(V) and methylene blue, MB), and multicomponent mixtures (As(V)/Pb/Cd), and real polluted river water. An industrial intermediate product, hydrous TiO2, was used for As(III)/As(V) removal. Photocatalytic materials included a commercial photoactive TiO2 (P25), and tailor-made TiO2 based nanofibers (NF) decorated with Pt/Pd. The results show that the agro-waste based activated carbons show high potential as adsorbents (e.g. ~100% As(V) removal in 2 h). With the multicomponent solution there is evidently competition for the adsorption sites; Pb was removed most efficiently. The specific surface area and pore size distribution play an important role in MB adsorption, as with As(V) the ash content is the most influential parameter. The industrial intermediate product has a high adsorption capacity towards both As(III) and As(V) (over 96% removals in 4 h), and is promising for use in natural and wastewater treatment due to its adsorption properties, availability, low cost, and non-toxicity. Photocatalysis was found to be an efficient removal method for the pollutants tested, also in the diluted industrial wastewater matrix, e.g. diuron was removed 99% in 1 h. The NFs are promising for the efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic effluents in aqueous streams such as wastewaters originating from e.g. biofuel production or fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industry. This study provides new and valuable knowledge for the purification of waters, especially when aiming at developing inexpensive water treatment materials and methods for different applications.

Tiivistelmä Puhtaan veden puute on maailman laajuinen ongelma, ja raskasmetallien ja orgaanisten haitta-aineiden päätymistä ympäristöön ja luonnonvesiin voidaan vähentää hyvällä ja tehokkaalla teollisuuden jätevesien käsittelyllä. Uusia ja tehokkaita, ympäristön kannalta suotuisia ja kestäviä vedenpuhdistustekniikoita tarvitaan erityisesti kehitysmaissa, joissa esim. kontrolloimaton kaivostoiminta aiheuttaa ympäristö- ja terveyshaittoja. Työn kokeellisessa osassa valmistettiin perulaisesta maatalousjätteistä aktiivihiiltä kemiallisella aktivoinnilla, ja seurattiin niiden kykyä adsorboida haitta-aineita (As(V), Pb, Cd, metyleenisini) yksi- ja…

Advisors/Committee Members: Keiski, R. (Riitta), Kuokkanen, T. (Toivo).

Subjects/Keywords: activated carbon; adsorption; arsenic; heavy metals; organic pollutants; photocatalytic degradation; photocatalytic oxidation; titanium dioxide; wastewater; adsorptio; aktiivihiili; arseeni; jätevesi; orgaaniset haitta-aineet; raskasmetallit; titaanidioksidi; valokatalyyttinen hapetus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pirilä, M. (. (2015). Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207629

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pirilä, M (Minna). “Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207629.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pirilä, M (Minna). “Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods.” 2015. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pirilä M(. Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207629.

Council of Science Editors:

Pirilä M(. Adsorption and photocatalysis in water treatment:active, abundant and inexpensive materials and methods. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2015. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526207629

University of Oulu

12. Pesonen, J. (Janne). Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash.

Degree: 2016, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213378

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Abstract The main aim of the European Union’s waste legislation and the corresponding Finnish waste legislation is to reduce the production of waste. Further, the… (more)

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Abstract The main aim of the European Union’s waste legislation and the corresponding Finnish waste legislation is to reduce the production of waste. Further, the aims of the European Union’s growth strategy are to reduce the production of greenhouse gases, increase the use of renewable energy, and improve energy efficiency. According to the renewed Waste Tax Act, a waste tax has to be paid on all fly ashes that are deposited in landfills in Finland. A large amount of wood- and peat-based fly ashes are formed annually in Finland, and the amount is likely to increase in the future due to the increasing use of renewable energy. Previously, these ashes have mainly been deposited in industrial landfills, but the need to utilize the fly ashes has increased recently due to changes in waste legislation. In this thesis, several issues related to the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash were studied, with the general objective of improving the utilization potential of such ashes. As the first stage of this research, the suitability of willow ash for use as a fertilizer was studied. Willow ash would be well suited for use as a fertilizer due to its very high nutrient content. However, cadmium, a heavy metal, was found to be enriched in the ashes of the studied willow species. Due to this, special attention should be paid when choosing willow species for energy production. In the second stage of the research, the possibility of improving the strength development of wood- and peat-based fly ashes, as well as the possibility of stabilizing fly ash containing high amounts of heavy metals via the addition of cement and/or alkali activation, was investigated. Strength development was found to be dependent on the amount of reactive calcium and the ratio between that amount of reactive calcium and the sum of the reactive silicon, aluminum, and sulfur (Ca/(Si + Al + S)). The studied methods performed well in terms of stabilizing barium, copper, lead, and zinc. During the next stage, the effect of different chemical digestion methods, which are regulated by the Finnish waste legislation, on the utilization potential of fly ash was studied. The digestion method had a significant impact on the results of the potassium content analysis, which could affect the possibility of using fly ash as a fertilizer. As the final stage of the research, the co-granulation of ash with sewage sludge and lime was studied. From a technical point of view, the co-granulation was successful, although the compressive strength of the granules was low. Additionally, an insufficient nitrogen content was achieved with a sludge addition of 20-40 weight%.

Tiivistelmä Euroopan unionin jätelainsäädännön ja sitä vastaavan suomalaisen lainsäädännön tavoitteena on ehkäistä jätteiden muodostumista. Euroopan Unionin kasvustrategian tavoitteena on vähentää kasvihuonekaasupäästöjä, lisätä uusiutuvan energian käyttöä ja parantaa energiatehokkuutta. Uudistetun jäteverolain mukaan kaikista kaato-paikoille sijoitetuista lentotuhkista tulee Suomessa maksaa jäteveroa.…

Advisors/Committee Members: Kuokkanen, T. (Toivo), Illikainen, M. (Mirja), Lassi, U. (Ulla).

Subjects/Keywords: ash fertilizers; fertilizer legislation; fly ash; geopolymers; granulation; heavy metals; peat ash; recycled fuels; sludge; solubility; stabilization; willow; wood ash; geopolymeerit; kierrätyspolttoaineet; lannoitelainsäädäntö; lentotuhka; liete; liukoisuus; paju; puutuhka; rakeistus; raskasmetallit; stabilointi; tuhkalannoitteet; turvetuhka

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pesonen, J. (. (2016). Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213378

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pesonen, J (Janne). “Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213378.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pesonen, J (Janne). “Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash.” 2016. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pesonen J(. Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213378.

Council of Science Editors:

Pesonen J(. Physicochemical studies regarding the utilization of wood- and peat-based fly ash. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2016. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789526213378

University of Oulu

13. Huotari, N. (Noora). Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland.

Degree: 2011, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295324

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Abstract Mechanical harvesting of peat changes the original mire ecosystem completely, and without active measures these areas may remain non-vegetated even for decades. Afforestation is… (more)

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Abstract Mechanical harvesting of peat changes the original mire ecosystem completely, and without active measures these areas may remain non-vegetated even for decades. Afforestation is one of the most popular after-use options for cut-away peatlands in Finland since it has both economic and aesthetic values. Recycling of wood-ash as a fertilizer has been studied extensively in peatlands drained for forestry. Wood-ash is reported to promote tree growth in these areas without any significant negative impact to the environment and could, therefore, be a suitable option also on cut-away peatlands. However, the environmental effects of ash-fertilization on cut-away areas and on ground vegetation are not fully understood. The impact of wood- and peat-ash application on the early establishment of ground vegetation and downy birch (Betula pubescens) seedlings and on post-fertilization element concentrations in plants and peat substrate were studied in a cut-away peatland. Six treatments of wood-ash, peat-ash, biotite or Forest PK-fertilizer were replicated in three blocks in different mixtures and quantities corresponding to 50 kg ha-1 of phosphorus. All the fertilizers accelerated the revegetation of the bare peat surface significantly, whereas the establishment of plants in the unfertilized area was non-existent even several years after the peat harvesting had ceased. The most striking difference between the wood- and peat-ash-fertilizers and the commercial Forest PK-fertilizer was the extensive coverage of fire-loving moss species in all the areas where ash was spread. Wood- and peat-ash application also accelerated the germination and early establishment of downy birch seedlings more efficiently than the PK-fertilizer. Ground vegetation proved to be highly important in increasing the early biomass production and carbon sequestration on ash-fertilized cut-away peatland. In addition, the below-ground biomass was equal to the above-ground biomass, or even greater. Both wood- and peat-ash fertilization ensured an adequate level of nutrients for the early establishment of ground vegetation and birch seedlings in a cut-away peatland. The mosses and herbaceous plants proved to have a major role in retaining the nutrients and heavy metals that otherwise might have leached away from the ash-fertilized cut-away site during the early stages of the afforestation. Although both wood- and peat-ash proved to be suitable for the initial fertilization of afforested cut-away peatlands, a later application of nutrients may be needed to guarantee the growth in a energy-wood stand of downy birch over its entire rotation.

Tiivistelmä Turvetuotannon päätyttyä jäljelle jäävä suopohja on aluksi täysin paljas ja vailla maaperän siemenpankkia. Kasvipeitteen luontainen uudistuminen voi viedä jopa vuosikymmeniä. Ympäristönhoidollisesti onkin tärkeää, että suopohjat otetaan uuteen käyttöön mahdollisimman nopeasti tuotannon päätyttyä. Metsitys on tällä hetkellä suosituin suopohjien jälkikäyttömuoto Suomessa. Suopohjan turpeessa on…

Advisors/Committee Members: Kubin, E. (Eero), Tillman-Sutela, E. (Eila), Oksanen, J. (Jari).

Subjects/Keywords: Betula pubescens Ehrh.; Forest PK-fertilizer; afforestation; biomass; biotite; carbon stock; fertilization; fire-loving mosses; heavy metals; nutrients; succession; Metsän PK-lannoite; biomassa; biotiitti; hieskoivu; hiili; nuotiosammalet; raskasmetallit; ravinteet; sukkessio; suopohjien metsittäminen; tuhkalannoitus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Huotari, N. (. (2011). Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295324

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huotari, N (Noora). “Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295324.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huotari, N (Noora). “Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland.” 2011. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Huotari N(. Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295324.

Council of Science Editors:

Huotari N(. Recycling of wood- and peat-ash – a successful way to establish full plant cover and dense birch stand on a cut-away peatland. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2011. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514295324

University of Oulu

14. Lämsä, V. (Virpi). Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2.

Degree: 2012, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299278

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Abstract The hepatic inducible Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) generally prime xenobiotics for elimination. Murine CYP2A5 and human CYP2A6 share similar xenobiotic substrates and some regulatory features.… (more)

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Abstract The hepatic inducible Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) generally prime xenobiotics for elimination. Murine CYP2A5 and human CYP2A6 share similar xenobiotic substrates and some regulatory features. Recently, they were shown to oxidize bilirubin, a byproduct of heme catabolism and a dose-dependent anti- or pro-oxidant, to biliverdin. In this study, the putative role of the redox-sensitive, cytoprotective transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in the regulation of hepatic Cyp2a5 expression and induction under diverse hepatotoxic conditions and altered heme homeostasis was characterized. The coordination of Cyp2a5 and the Nrf2 target gene Heme oxygenase-1 (Hmox1), which determines bilirubin formation from heme, responses to heavy metals and modulators of heme homeostasis, was studied in cultured wildtype and Nrf2(-/-) mouse primary hepatocytes. Nrf2 was essential for the basal hepatic expression of CYP2A5 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria, as well as for its induction by cadmium, lead, methyl mercury and phenethyl isothiocyanate. A functional Nrf2 binding antioxidant response element (ARE) about -2.4 kilobases upstream of the Cyp2a5 transcriptional start site was identified. In contrast to Hmox1, a target of BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach)-mediated repression via AREs, the regulation of Cyp2a5 did not clearly involve Bach1. Excessive heme induced mainly ER-localized CYP2A5 via Nrf2, which was limited by the Nrf2-independent HMOX1 induction. In heme synthesis blockades, CYP2A5 was enhanced via Nrf2 and additional factors, such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). The typical CYP2A5 inducers phenobarbital, dibutyryl-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (db-cAMP) and PGC-1α enhance heme synthesis; CYP2A5 was induced via Nrf2 in acute but not chronic phenobarbital exposure without a clear connection to heme, while the responses to db-cAMP and PGC-1α were sensitized in the absence of Nrf2. This suggests novel crosstalk between Nrf2 and PGC-1α. In this study, Cyp2a5 was identified as a sensitive indicator of hepatic Nrf2 pathway activation that could be used, e.g. for in vitro screening of drug candidate hepatotoxicity. The similar subcellular localization and coordination of CYP2A5 and HMOX1 expression in altered heme metabolism support the postulated role for CYP2A5 in bilirubin homeostasis.

Tiivistelmä Vierasaineet stimuloivat maksan Sytokromi P450 (CYP)-entsyymejä, mikä yleensä lisää niiden eliminaatiota. Hiiren CYP2A5 ja ihmisen CYP2A6 ovat lähisukua katalyyttisten ja osin säätelyllisten yhteneväisyyksiensä puolesta. Vastikään niiden osoitettiin katalysoivan hemin hajoamistuotteen, bilirubiinin hapettumista biliverdiiniksi, mikä saattaisi säädellä sen annosriippuvaisia vaikutuksia antioksidanttina ja oksidanttina. Työssä tutkittiin solustressiä aistivan, suojaavan transkriptiotekijän Nrf2 osuutta Cyp2a5-geenin aktivaatiossa maksatoksisissa olosuhteissa ja hemimetabolian muutoksissa. Cyp2a5:n ja…

Advisors/Committee Members: Hakkola, J. (Jukka).

Subjects/Keywords: Bach1; CYP2A5; HMOX1; Nrf2; PGC-1α; heavy metals; heme homeostasis; hepatotoxicity; liver; redox homeostasis; transcriptional regulation; xenobiotic metabolism; aineenvaihdunta; antioksidantit; entsyymit; geeniekspressio; geenitutkimus; hapettuminen; maksa; markkerit; mitokondriot; oksidantit; raskasmetallit; sytokromit; toksikologia; transkriptio; vierasaineet

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lämsä, V. (. (2012). Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299278

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lämsä, V (Virpi). “Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299278.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lämsä, V (Virpi). “Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2.” 2012. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lämsä V(. Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299278.

Council of Science Editors:

Lämsä V(. Regulation of murine hepatic Cytochrome P450 2a5 expression by transcription factor Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2012. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514299278

University of Helsinki

15. Saastamoinen, Seija. Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä.

Degree: Department of Clinical Production Animal Medicine; Helsingin yliopisto, Eläinlääketieteellinen tiedekunta, Kliinisen tuotantoeläinlääketieteen laitos; Helsingfors universitet, Veterinärmedicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk produktionsdjursmedicin, 2009, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14419

► Oksidatiivinen stressi on tila, jossa elimistön vapaiden radikaalien ja antioksidanttien suhde on epätasapainossa. Tämä voi johtua joko vapaiden radikaalien ylimäärästä tai antioksidanttien puutteesta. Vapailla radikaaleilla… (more)

▼ Oksidatiivinen stressi on tila, jossa elimistön vapaiden radikaalien ja antioksidanttien suhde on epätasapainossa. Tämä voi johtua joko vapaiden radikaalien ylimäärästä tai antioksidanttien puutteesta. Vapailla radikaaleilla tarkoitetaan aineenvaihdunnassa muodostuvia hapen ja typen lajeja, jotka ovat herkästi uudelleen reagoivia. Antioksidantit ovat aineita, jotka viivyttävät, estävät tai poistavat vapaiden radikaalien aiheuttamia vaurioita. Eläinlääketieteessä tiedetään melko vähän oksidatiivisen stressin vaikutuksesta eläinten terveyteen ja hyvinvointiin. Tämän kirjallisuuskatsauksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää mitä antioksidantit ovat, ja mitkä ovat niiden vaikutusmekanismit. Työssä koottiin yhteen kotieläinten ravitsemuksessa eniten tutkittujen antioksidanttien terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksia. Lisäksi työssä selvitettiin antioksidanttien ja oksidatiivisen stressin tutkimusmenetelmiä lypsylehmillä ja lihasioilla. Tavoitteena oli arvioida uusimmissa antioksidanttitutkimuksissa käytettyjen merkkiaineiden, määritysmenetelmien ja koeasetelmien soveltuvuutta tuotantoeläimille. Oksidatiiviset vauriot kohdistuvat solussa rasvoihin, valkuaisaineisiin tai nukleiinihappoihin. Endogeenisiä antioksidantteja ovat katalaasi, superoksididismutaasi, sekä glutationi- ja tioreduksinjärjestelmään kuuluvat entsyymit. Ravinnosta saataviin antioksidantteihin kuuluvat E- ja C-vitamiini, A-vitamiinin esiasteena tunnettu β-karoteeni, sekä hivenaineet seleeni, kupari ja sinkki. E-vitamiini ja karotenoidit ovat rasvaliukoisia aineita, jotka suojaavat rasvojen hapettumiselta. C-vitamiini ja glutationi ovat vesiliukoisia aineita, jotka voivat suojata rasvojen, valkuaisaineiden ja nukleiinihappojen hapettumiselta. Antioksidantit toimivat yhteistyössä. Hivenaineet toimivat solunsisäisten antioksidanttisten entsyymien, kuten superoksidismutaasin ja glutationiperoksidaasin osana. Antioksidanttit toimivat yhteistyössä. E-vitamiinilla ja seleenillä on vaikutusta lypsylehmällä poikimisen tienoilla esiintyvien sairauksien, kuten utaretulehduksen, jälkeisten jäämisen ja kohtutulehdusten esiintyvyyteen. Antioksidantteja on tutkittu myös hedelmällisyyteen liittyvien fysiologisten toimintojen yhteydessä. Antioksidanteilla on vaikutuksia lihanlaatuun märehtijöillä ja sioilla. E-vitamiini- ja seleeninlisä vaikuttaa rasvojen härskiintymiseen, lihan väriin, vedensidontakykyyn, rasvahappokoostumukseen ja antioksidanttipitoisuuteen. Karotenoideilla on vaikutusta rasvakudoksen väriin. Antioksidanteilla on vaikutusta myös maidon rasvapitoisuuteen, rasvahappokoostumukseen ja maidon sisältämien antioksidanttien määrään. Antioksidanttien toimintaa voidaan määrittää mittaamalla suorasti tai epäsuorasti antioksidanttien määrää tai antioksidanttien puutteesta syntyneitä oksidatiivisia vaurioita. Antioksidanttien määrää voidaan mitata joko arvioimalla antioksidanttien kokonaiskapasiteettia tai mittaamalla yksittäisten antioksidanttien määrää nestekromatokrafialla. Nukleiinihappoihin kohdistuvia vaurioita voidaan mitata COMET-analyysillä. Aminohappojen hapettumista…

Subjects/Keywords: radikaali; antioksidantti; tokoferoli; malondialdehydi; jälkeisten jäänti; lihanlaatu; oksidatiivinen stressi; antioksidantit; hapettuminen; E-vitamiini; seleeni; karoteenit; kupari; sinkki (raskasmetallit); C-vitamiini; utaretulehdus; Tuotantoeläinten terveyden- ja sairaanhoito; Produktionsdjurens hälso- och sjukvård; Production Animal Medicine; radikaali; antioksidantti; tokoferoli; malondialdehydi; jälkeisten jäänti; lihanlaatu

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Saastamoinen, S. (2009). Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14419

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saastamoinen, Seija. “Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä.” 2009. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14419.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saastamoinen, Seija. “Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä.” 2009. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Saastamoinen S. Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14419.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Saastamoinen S. Oksidatiivinen stressi ja antioksidantit –kirjallisuuskatsaus terveys- ja laatuvaikutuksista sekä tutkimusmenetelmistä tuotantoeläimillä. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14419

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu

16. Laukkanen, Ari. Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces.

Degree: 2010, Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu

URL: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/8459

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Engineering; ohra; porkkana; raskasmetallit; kadmium; lyijy; nikkeli; sinkki; jätevesiliete; liete; virtsa; ulosteet; kompostointi; barley; carrot; septic tank sludge; STS; urine; faeces; composting; heavy metals; cadmium; lead; nickel; zinc

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Laukkanen, A. (2010). Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces. (Thesis). Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu. Retrieved from http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/8459

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Laukkanen, Ari. “Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces.” 2010. Thesis, Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/8459.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Laukkanen, Ari. “Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces.” 2010. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Laukkanen A. Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces. [Internet] [Thesis]. Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/8459.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Laukkanen A. Heavy metal traces in growing medium of barley and carrot fertilised with septic tank sludge, urine and composted faeces. [Thesis]. Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu; 2010. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/8459

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oulu

17. Parviainen, T. (Timo). Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon.

Degree: 2007, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284588

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Abstract There are various after-use options on the cut-away peatlands, depending on the characteristics of the soil. If the soil is devoid of rock, cultivation… (more)

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Abstract There are various after-use options on the cut-away peatlands, depending on the characteristics of the soil. If the soil is devoid of rock, cultivation of reed canary grass is a profitable after-use option. The aim of this study was to determine how characteristics of peat, peatland surroundings and fertilizers influence the element uptake of reed canary grass. In the present investigation the peat production areas of Luesuo, Piipsanneva and Jouttenisenneva were selected as study areas. A comprehensive sampling programme was carried out in each of the study areas. In addition, two experimental areas for cultivation of reed canary grass were established in Luesuo and Hankilanneva between 2004 and 2005. The results obtained indicate that all study areas were suitable for cultivating reed canary grass, but fertilizers must be added to make up nutrient deficiencies. The study areas were very clean from heavy metals. The results also suggest that the characteristics of peat or surroundings of peatland do not influence the nutrient level of peat significantly, considering the cultivation of reed canary grass. The large geochemical provinces have a smaller impact on nutrient and heavy metal levels in the peat on the peat cut-away areas compared to smaller geochemical units. Heavy metal content in the peat and in the mineral soil under the peat seems to correlate. Reed canary grass does not uptake heavy metals from the cultivation media effectively. Liming slag was better for liming in cultivation of reed canary grass than ash. Although ash has large amounts usable nutrients, especially potassium, it did not raise the heavy metal content in peat to harmful levels, it can therefore be used in the cultivation of reed canary grass. Stock fertilized fur animal manure compost produced almost as much biomass as optimized artificial fertilizers. After the correction of nutrient deficiencies, compost is suitable for the cultivation of reed canary grass in peatlands. Because the total nutrient levels are high in compost, its fertilizer effect lasts longer than in artificial fertilizers, where nutrients are all in a dissolved form. Already in the first growing season the cultivation of reed canary grass changed the cut-away peatland from a carbon source to a carbon sink. In this respect, the reed canary grass cultivation can be used to produce bioenergy to replace fossil fuels in accordance with the goals of Kyoto Protocol.

Tiivistelmä Turvetuotannosta vapautuneella suopohjalla toteutetaan erilaisia jälkikäyttötapoja riippuen suopohjan ominaisuuksista. Jos suopohja on kohtuullisen kivetöntä, ruokohelpiviljely on kannattavaa. Viljelty ruokohelpi poltetaan turpeen tai hakkeen seassa. Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoitus oli selvittää miten pohjaturpeen ja suopohjan ympäristöalueiden ominaisuudet sekä viljelyyn käytetyt lannoite- ja kalkitusaineet vaikuttavat ruokohelpin käyttämiin ravinteisiin. Ruokohelpiviljelyn lannoituskustannukset ovat suuret, joten suopohjan luontainen ravinnetila kannattaa huomioida lannoitusta…

Subjects/Keywords: after-use; ash; carbon sink; compost; cultivation; cut-away peatland; fertilization; geochemical province; heavy metals; liming; nutrients; optimization; reed canary grass; soil analysis; geokemiallinen provinssi; hiilinielu; jälkikäyttö; kalkitus; komposti; lannoitus; optimointi; raskasmetallit; ravinteet; ruokohelpi; suopohja; tuhka; viljavuusanalyysi; viljely

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Parviainen, T. (. (2007). Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284588

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Parviainen, T (Timo). “Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 27, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284588.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Parviainen, T (Timo). “Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon.” 2007. Web. 27 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Parviainen T(. Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 27]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284588.

Council of Science Editors:

Parviainen T(. Ruokohelpiviljelyn optimointi suopohjilla:turvetuotantoalueiden geologisen ympäristön, pohjaturpeen sekä kierrätyslannoitteiden käytön vaikutus ruokohelpin käyttämiin alkuaineisiin ja satoon. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2007. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514284588

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