subject:(privacy decision making)

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Indiana University

1. Hasan, Rakibul. A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA .

Degree: 2020, Indiana University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26035

Billions of photos are being shared on social media platforms every day. A large portion of these photos are taken in public places, and may contain people who were inadvertently captured (i.e., bystanders) and are not important for the subject matter of the photos. When these photos are shared online, they reveal the bystanders' identity, location, and other privacy-sensitive information to a potentially unbounded number of internet users. Social media users not only share photos they own but also re-share photos from their peers and those they find on the internet; for example, the sharing of image macros or memes on social media has risen in popularity. Internet users create memes using photos of other people who are often unknown to them. Such photos usually portray people in embarrassing situations, which are highlighted and ampli fied with additional text or captions. These photos can go `viral' and cause severe personal, social, and professional consequences to the photo subjects. While the research community has made signi cant efforts to reduce photosharers' privacy risks on social media, protecting the privacy of people who do not actively take part in photo-taking or sharing activities, e.g., bystanders and meme subjects, has not received adequate attention. This dissertation proposes machine learning and computer vision-based techniques to reduce bystanders' privacy risks. More specfi cally, we offer an automated and scalable system to detect bystanders in images so that their privacy can be protected by, e.g., removing or obfuscating them using image transforms. In an online study, we evaluated the effectiveness and usability of commonly used image transforms. We constructed and empirically validated models of interactions among image filters and utility variables. Based on these models, we proposed a principled approach to design novel obfuscations to balance the privacy-utility trade-o s. To protect the privacy of meme subjects, we explored the potential of behavioral interventions to discourage meme sharing. Through controlled experiments, we identfi ed demographic factors and personality traits that affect behaviors regarding photo sharing that may threaten other people's privacy. We also discovered links between people's personality traits and their reactions to privacy nudges that were designed to discourage them from sharing memes. These results can be used to develop direct and personalized interventions to stimulate privacy-respecting and prosocial behaviors among social media users. Advisors/Committee Members: Kapadia, Apu (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: privacy; social media; human decision making; computer vision

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hasan, R. (2020). A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA . (Thesis). Indiana University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26035

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hasan, Rakibul. “A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA .” 2020. Thesis, Indiana University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26035.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hasan, Rakibul. “A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA .” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hasan R. A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA . [Internet] [Thesis]. Indiana University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26035.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hasan R. A SOCIO-TECHNICAL APPROACH TO PROTECTING PEOPLE'S PRIVACY IN THE CONTEXT OF SHARING IMAGES ON SOCIAL MEDIA . [Thesis]. Indiana University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2022/26035

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Ohio University

2. Hopkins, Ashley R. Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download.

Degree: PhD, Journalism (Communication), 2019, Ohio University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556821782704244

This study worked to determine the amount of attention users of mobile application devices dedicate to opt-in privacy policies. As the average user is often faced with a variety of motivations and distractions when determining whether to download an application, this study created an experimental setting in which certain participants were told that they would have to justify their decision to download with a sample of their peers upon reviewing typical opt-in privacy policies, while others faced a time restraint when making a decision to download.Based on the academic literature, this study hypothesized that 1) When faced with a time restraint, participants would be less likely to download an application than those who did not face a time restraint; 2) Participants who were asked to justify the basis of their decision would be less likely to download an application than those who were not asked to justify their decision; 3) Participants who faced a time restraint and who were not asked to consider the basis of their decisions prior to download would be more likely to download an application than those in other experimental conditions; 4) Participants who did not face a time restraint and who were asked to consider the basis of their decision prior to download would be less likely to download an application than those in other experimental conditions; and 5) Participants who scored higher on a self-efficacy scale would be more likely to download applications than those who scored lower. It also questioned how the various factors outlined in this study (motivation, opportunity, and self-efficacy) worked together to affect the decision-making process.The results of this study help to show that while motivation and opportunity has often been shown to play a role in decision-making processes, age, experience, and self- efficacy may play a larger part in the access mobile application users are willing to provide to third-party developers than was previously considered. While individuals boast the importance of protecting their privacy online, the more one interacts with the technology the less risk they come to expect when deciding whether or not to accept permissions and download a mobile application. Advisors/Committee Members: Meyer, Hans (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Journalism; mobile applications; apps; smartphone; social media; privacy; data; datamining; data mine; Android; Apple; privacy permissions; terms and conditions; motivation; opportunity; decision-making; gaming; photo-sharing; Facebook; MODE model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hopkins, A. R. (2019). Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ohio University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556821782704244

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hopkins, Ashley R. “Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556821782704244.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hopkins, Ashley R. “Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hopkins AR. Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556821782704244.

Council of Science Editors:

Hopkins AR. Privacy Within Photo-Sharing and Gaming Applications: Motivation and Opportunity and the Decision to Download. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ohio University; 2019. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1556821782704244

3. Iucolano, Donna M. HYPERCONNECTIVITY GIVETH AND TAKETH AWAY: RECONCILING BEING AN “ALWAYS-ON” EMPOWERED CONSUMER AND PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF PERVASIVE PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGES.

Degree: PhD, Management, 2019, Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554468526463455

We are living in an era of rising connectivity where consumers of all ages and socioeconomic backgrounds are “always-on.” Consumers can now engage constantly with brands, retailers, content, and each other through real-time interactions, facilitated by a mobile-first mindset. This has earned consumers the moniker, “highly empowered.” Consumers are indeed empowered by the growth of the internet/mobile, proliferation of devices, and unprecedented access to information, choice, and control. However, rising connectivity also has downsides. Consumers now face a barrage of decisions about whether to share their personal information with firms or accept its collection without their explicit consent. The outcomes of these automatic, one-time decisions are far-reaching and long-lasting. They also empower firms—perhaps more than consumers; something most marketers prefer to keep secret. This research study addresses how “always-on” supposedly empowered consumers behave while shopping and make decisions in an era of pervasive personal information exchanges with retailers and others. It uses an exploratory, sequential mixed methods design beginning with a qualitative study followed by two quantitative studies. Study 1 investigates how 40 connected consumers behave and make decisions in shopping/retail environments. Findings reveal pros and cons of rising connectivity, dynamic behavior that challenges traditional customer segmentation, and tensions over privacy and personal data exchanges with retailers. These tensions are explored in Study 2 using survey data collected from 790 U.S. consumers, all heavy internet/mobile users. Consumer acceptance of personal data collection is interpreted as a form of coping with the stress of digital life. Study 3 extends Study 2 by focusing on three moderating effects on consumer willingness to share personal data or have it collected: perceived marketing intrusiveness, high versus low privacy knowledge, and high versus low privacy-protecting behaviors. Many findings are counterintuitive with few statistically significant differences in consumer attitudes—all affected by their perceptions of fairness in exchanges with firms. This work contributes to the emerging streams of research about consumer privacy, personal data exchanges, perceptions of fairness, and consumer acceptance in an era of presumed high consumer empowerment. It also has implications for marketers and marketing strategies, consumer advocates, and public policy. Advisors/Committee Members: Niraj, Rakesh (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Management; Marketing; Technology; Information Science; always-on consumer; consumer connectivity; privacy; personal data exchanges; consumer empowerment; disempowerment; fairness of exchanges; consumer acceptance; consumer decision making; shopping; digital commerce; mixed methods; cluster analysis

…consumer decision making; shopping; digital commerce; mixed methods; cluster analysis xvii… …behavior and decision making due to technology; how increased hyperconnectivity is empowering… …Third, consumer decision making and personal data exchanges between consumers and retailers… …Privacy Knowledge… …127 Privacy Protecting Behavior…

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Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Iucolano, D. M. (2019). HYPERCONNECTIVITY GIVETH AND TAKETH AWAY: RECONCILING BEING AN “ALWAYS-ON” EMPOWERED CONSUMER AND PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF PERVASIVE PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGES. (Doctoral Dissertation). Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554468526463455

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iucolano, Donna M. “HYPERCONNECTIVITY GIVETH AND TAKETH AWAY: RECONCILING BEING AN “ALWAYS-ON” EMPOWERED CONSUMER AND PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF PERVASIVE PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGES.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554468526463455.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Iucolano DM. HYPERCONNECTIVITY GIVETH AND TAKETH AWAY: RECONCILING BEING AN “ALWAYS-ON” EMPOWERED CONSUMER AND PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF PERVASIVE PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGES. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554468526463455.

Council of Science Editors:

Iucolano DM. HYPERCONNECTIVITY GIVETH AND TAKETH AWAY: RECONCILING BEING AN “ALWAYS-ON” EMPOWERED CONSUMER AND PRIVACY IN AN ERA OF PERVASIVE PERSONAL DATA EXCHANGES. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies; 2019. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1554468526463455

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