subject:(plug in hybrid electric vehicle)

1. Araújo, Filipe Alexandre Simões de. Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica.

Degree: 2013, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/3902

►

Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Tem-se assistido nos últimos tempos a um aumento do preço do crude… (more)

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Trabalho Final de Mestrado para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

Tem-se assistido nos últimos tempos a um aumento do preço do crude e este facto tem levado a um decréscimo acentuado na procura de veículos movidos a combustível fóssil, como se verificou nos últimos anos no nosso país. Impõe-se deste modo, uma procura de alternativas à dependência crónica do crude por parte do setor dos transportes e do parque automóvel em geral. O presente trabalho debruçou-se sobre o estudo económico-financeiro da conversão de veículos diesel em elétricos da frota da Base Aérea n.º6, no Montijo, sem comprometimento da sua atividade diária. Após conhecida a tipologia dos veículos passíveis de conversão para tração elétrica, o estudo centrou-se na existência de vantagens nessa conversão ao nível económico, comparando o investimento desta com os custos associados à manutenção com motorização diesel. Para o efeito recolheram-se os dados relativos a estes veículos, tais como os custos de aquisição, sustentação e percursos efetuados durante o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2012, dados esses que permitiram concluir sobre as vantagens económicas da referida conversão.

In the last few years, we have witnessed in Portugal to a growth in the price of crude and this led to a decline in the demand for vehicles powered by fossil fuel. It is urgent to search new alternatives for the transport sector as there is a chronic reliance for petroleum and its derivatives. This work focused on the economic and financial study of the conversion of diesel vehicles of Air Base nº6 in Montijo into electric vehicles, considering that all the daily activities performed by them were not compromised. After knowing the type of vehicle that can be converted to electric traction, the study will be to determine whether this is an advantageous process considering the initial investments and maintenance costs of both vehicles. To this purpose it was collected innumerous information, such as initial costs, maintenance expenses and their routes from January to December 2012, which will confirm whether it is economically advantageous to convert them.

Advisors/Committee Members: Costa, Jorge Mendonça e, Sobral, José.

Subjects/Keywords: Veículo elétrico; Veículo elétrico híbrido; Electric vehicle; Hybrid electric vehicle; Plug-In electric vehicle

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Araújo, F. A. S. d. (2013). Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica. (Thesis). Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/3902

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Araújo, Filipe Alexandre Simões de. “Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica.” 2013. Thesis, Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/3902.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Araújo, Filipe Alexandre Simões de. “Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Araújo FASd. Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica. [Internet] [Thesis]. Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/3902.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Araújo FASd. Conversão de veículos diesel para tração elétrica. [Thesis]. Repositório Científico do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa; 2013. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/3902

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

2. White, Corey. Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market.

Degree: M.S., Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Economics, 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29254

► The introduction of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) into the transportation system will provide both opportunities and challenges for those who own the vehicles and… (more)

▼ The introduction of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) into the transportation system will provide both opportunities and challenges for those who own the vehicles and power systems operators. The opportunities come in the form of the ability to provide vehicle-to-grid (V2G) services including peak load reduction and frequency regulation. Utilizing these services can provide profits for the vehicle owners, cost savings for the grid operators, and reduced air pollution. The primary goal of this study is to analyze these benefits from the viewpoint of the individual vehicle owner. It is found that there is little financial incentive when V2G services are used for peak reduction. There is much greater potential for financial return when V2G services are used to provide frequency regulation, likely enough to incentivize many people to participate in such a program. Proposed in this paper is a system that combines these V2G services into a single program, which could have the effect of ensuring profits for the individual, while still providing cost-saving opportunities for grid operators, and emission reductions during the times when it is needed most. In addition to the opportunities brought about by increased penetration of PHEVs, there are challenges as well. This comes mainly in the form of increased demand for electricity. The possible effects on electricity load of increased PHEV penetration and V2G participation are analyzed in this paper. Furthermore, an econometric model is used to predict the effect of increased electricity load on electricity price at each hour of the day. It is found that increased PHEV penetration can (in a regulated charging scheme) increase electricity loads and prices during the hours when electricity loads and prices are currently lowest. Furthermore, if V2G technology is used for peak reduction, electricity loads and prices can be reduced during peak electricity demand hours. The overall effect of this is a flattening of the daily electricity load and price profiles, which is likely to be beneficial for power system operators. The flattening of the daily electricity price profile has the effect of reducing profits when V2G technology is used for peak reduction because it raises the price during charging (buying electricity) and lowers the price during discharging (selling electricity). While the analysis presented here works within the framework of the current electricity markets, it is possible that the best use for V2G technology could come in a program that allows grid operators to dispatch the stored energy for the optimal purpose (e.g.: peak reduction, regulation, reserves, ramping) at any period of time. This would require a different type of market structure, possibly even a separate market for storage, in which V2G services could participate. Advisors/Committee Members: Mount, Timothy Douglas (chair), Zhang, Ke (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV); Vehicle to Grid (V2G); Energy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

White, C. (2011). Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market. (Masters Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29254

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Corey. “Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29254.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Corey. “Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market.” 2011. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

White C. Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29254.

Council of Science Editors:

White C. Integrating Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles And Vehicle-To-Grid Technology Into The New York Electricity Market. [Masters Thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29254

Virginia Tech

3. Alley, Robert Jesse. VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33697

► As the global demand for energy increases, the people of the United States are increasingly subject to high and ever-rising oil prices. Additionally, the U.S.… (more)

▼ As the global demand for energy increases, the people of the United States are increasingly subject to high and ever-rising oil prices. Additionally, the U.S. transportation sector accounts for 27% of total nationwide Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. In the U.S. transportation sector, light-duty passenger vehicles account for about 58% of energy use. Therefore incremental improvements in light-duty vehicle efficiency and energy use will significantly impact the overall landscape of energy use in America. A crucial step to designing and building more efficient vehicles is modeling powertrain energy consumption. While accurate modeling is indeed key to effective and efficient design, a fundamental understanding of the powertrain and auxiliary systems that contribute to energy consumption for a vehicle is equally as important if not more important. This thesis presents a methodology that has been packaged into a tool, called VTool, that can be used to estimate the energy consumption of a vehicle powertrain. The method is intrinsically designed to foster understanding of the vehicle powertrain as it relates to energy consumption while still providing reasonably accurate results. VTool explicitly calculates the energy required at the wheels of the vehicle to complete a prescribed drive cycle and then explicitly applies component efficiencies to find component losses and the overall energy consumption for the drive cycle. In calculating component efficiencies and losses, VTool offers several tunable parameters that can be used to calibrate the tool for a particular vehicle, compare powertrain architectures, or simply explore the tradeoffs and sensitivities of certain parameters. In this paper, the method is fully and explicitly developed to model Electric Vehicles (EVs), Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and Parallel HEVs for various different drive cycles. VTool has also been validated for use in UDDS and HwFET cycles using on-road test results from the 2011 EcoCAR competition. By extension, the method could easily be extended for use in other cycles. The end result is a tool that can predict fuel consumption to a reasonable degree of accuracy for a variety of powertrains, calculate J1711 Utility Factor weighted energy consumption for Extended Range Electric Vehicles (EREVs) and determine the Well-to-Wheel impact of a given powertrain or fuel. VTool does all of this while performing all calculations explicitly and calculating all component losses to allow the user maximum access which promotes understanding and comprehension of the fundamental dynamics of automotive fuel economy and the powertrain as a system. Advisors/Committee Members: Nelson, Douglas J. (committeechair), West, Robert L. Jr. (committee member), Huxtable, Scott T. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: petroleum; fuel economy; powertrain modeling; hybrid electric vehicle; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; electric vehicle; environment; greenhouse gases

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alley, R. J. (2012). VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33697

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alley, Robert Jesse. “VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33697.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alley, Robert Jesse. “VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains.” 2012. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Alley RJ. VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33697.

Council of Science Editors:

Alley RJ. VTool: A Method for Predicting and Understanding the Energy Flow and Losses in Advanced Vehicle Powertrains. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33697

Virginia Tech

4. White, Eli Hampton. An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49433

► Throughout the past several years, a major push has been made for the automotive industry to provide vehicles with lower environmental impacts while maintaining safety,… (more)

▼ Throughout the past several years, a major push has been made for the automotive industry to provide vehicles with lower environmental impacts while maintaining safety, performance, and overall appeal. Various legislation has been put into place to establish guidelines for these improvements and serve as a challenge for automakers all over the world. In light of these changes, hybrid technologies have been growing immensely on the market today as customers are seeing the benefits with lower fuel consumption and higher efficiency vehicles. With the need for hybrids rising, it is vital for the engineers of this age to understand the importance of advanced vehicle technologies and learn how and why these vehicles can change the world as we know it. To help in the education process, this thesis seeks to define a powertrain model created and developed to help users understand the basics behind hybrid vehicles and the effects of these advanced technologies. One of the main goals of this research is to maintain a simplified approach to model development. There are very complex vehicle simulation models in the market today, however these can be hard to manipulate and even more difficult to understand. The 1 Hz model described within this work aims to allow energy to be simply and understandable traced through a hybrid powertrain. Through the use of a 'backwards' energy tracking method, demand for a drive cycle is found using a drive cycle and vehicle parameters. This demand is then used to determine what amount of energy would be required at each component within the powertrain all the way from the wheels to the fuel source, taking into account component losses and accessory loads on the vehicle. Various energy management strategies are developed and explained including controls for regenerative braking, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Thermostatic and Load-following Series Hybrid Electric Vehicles. These strategies can be easily compared and manipulated to understand the tradeoffs and limitations of each. After validating this model, several studies are completed. First, an example of using this model to design a hybrid powertrain is conducted. This study moves from defining system requirements to component selection, and then finding the best powertrain to accomplish the given constraints. Next, a parameter known as Power Split Fraction is studied to provide insight on how it affects overall powertrain efficiency. Since the goal with advanced vehicle powertrains is to increase overall system efficiency and reduce overall energy consumption, it is important to understand how all of the factors involved affect the system as a whole. After completing these studies, this thesis moves on to discussing future work which will continue refining this model and making it more applicable for design. Overall, this work seeks to provide an educational tool and aid in the development of the automotive engineers of tomorrow. Advisors/Committee Members: Nelson, Douglas J. (committeechair), Huxtable, Scott T. (committee member), West, Robert L. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: hybrid electric vehicle; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; electric vehicle; environment; greenhouse gases; fuel economy; powertrain modeling; power split fraction

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

White, E. H. (2014). An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49433

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Eli Hampton. “An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49433.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Eli Hampton. “An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

White EH. An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49433.

Council of Science Editors:

White EH. An Illustrative Look at Energy Flow through Hybrid Powertrains for Design and Analysis. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49433

NSYSU

5. Hsu, Guo-fong. Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy.

Degree: Master, Communications Engineering, 2014, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0624114-092234

► Because of the rising awareness of environmental protection, the worldwide governments have proposed policies for enhancing the penetration of the plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; charging; AIMD; decentralized algorithm; load management

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hsu, G. (2014). Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0624114-092234

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hsu, Guo-fong. “Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy.” 2014. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0624114-092234.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hsu, Guo-fong. “Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hsu G. Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0624114-092234.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hsu G. Study on Electric Vehicle Charging Management by Network Flow Control Strategy. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2014. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0624114-092234

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

RMIT University

6. Yang, Z. Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks.

Degree: 2012, RMIT University

URL: http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/view/rmit:160457

► This thesis is dedicated to study how the charging behaviours of plug-in hybrid vehicles affect the local distribution network. This study focuses on two issues:… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fields of Research; Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV); Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yang, Z. (2012). Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks. (Thesis). RMIT University. Retrieved from http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/view/rmit:160457

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yang, Z. “Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks.” 2012. Thesis, RMIT University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/view/rmit:160457.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yang, Z. “Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks.” 2012. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yang Z. Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks. [Internet] [Thesis]. RMIT University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/view/rmit:160457.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yang Z. Impact of plug-in hybrid vehicles charging on distribution networks. [Thesis]. RMIT University; 2012. Available from: http://researchbank.rmit.edu.au/view/rmit:160457

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

NSYSU

7. Chou, Min-yao. Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid.

Degree: Master, Communications Engineering, 2013, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0604113-141654

► The emergence of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) shall bring a significant impact on the existing power system. In this thesis, we propose decentralized energy management… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: ADMM; optimal power flow; decentralized algorithm; Smart grid; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; charging(discharging)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chou, M. (2013). Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0604113-141654

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chou, Min-yao. “Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid.” 2013. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0604113-141654.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chou, Min-yao. “Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid.” 2013. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chou M. Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0604113-141654.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chou M. Study on Decentralized Plug-in Electric Vehicle Charging/Discharging Strategies Based on Smart Grid. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2013. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0604113-141654

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Mississippi State University

8. Oakley, Jared Tyler. Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2017, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212017-122441/ ;

► Mississippi State University was selected for participation in the EcoCAR 3 Advance Vehicle Technology Competition. The team designed its architecture around the use of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powertrain Design; WI; Water Injection; PHEV; Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle; Gearbox; Gear Design

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APA (6^th Edition):

Oakley, J. T. (2017). Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212017-122441/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Oakley, Jared Tyler. “Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212017-122441/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Oakley, Jared Tyler. “Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Oakley JT. Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212017-122441/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Oakley JT. Design and optimization of a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle powertrain for reduced energy consumption. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2017. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04212017-122441/ ;

University of Saskatchewan

9. Wang, Xue 1986-. Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems.

Degree: 2016, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7407

► Modern power system aims to provide reliable, economic, as well as environmental friendly power supply to its customers. In the past few decades, power systems… (more)

▼ Modern power system aims to provide reliable, economic, as well as environmental friendly power supply to its customers. In the past few decades, power systems are going through considerable changes to both the power consumption side as well as the power generation side. The power system planners are faced with growing challenges in maintaining acceptable level of system reliability as new types of loads and generation introduce increased uncertainty in power system planning and operation. New types of electric devices or loads are often introduced in the market to provide customers more convenience and energy efficiency of utilizing electric power. Electric Vehicle provides an alternative to conventional transport vehicles that burn petroleum fuel and release harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) is a relatively new model of EV with more flexibility, and is considered in this research to assess the impacts of charging behavior on the overall power system reliability. PHEV load is different from other types of electric loads as it introduces high variability and uncertainty, and therefore, requires proper modeling of its special characteristics. Different charging scenarios significantly influence power system reliability. This thesis provides a PHEV modeling methodology that incorporates the uncertainty in charging and driving behaviors using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) method. As PHEV sales are increased in response to environmental support, their impacts to system reliability will also increase. A range of reliability studies are carried out in the IEEE Reliability Test System (IEEE-RTS) to investigate the impacts of PHEV charging on system reliability. The system reliability degrades significantly with increase in PHEV penetration if PHEV owners charge their vehicles as soon as they arrive home from work. This effect can be mitigated by introducing a policy for delayed charging. Access to public charging will increase as PHEV increase in the future. The results show that a policy to manage public charging will be important to maintain power system reliability within acceptable limits. As the growth of PHEV is mainly driven by perceived environmental benefits, this research also explores the interactions between PHEV load and wind energy, and their combined impact of power system reliability. Based on the analysis of the results from case studies performed on the IEEE-RTS, this research provides valuable input for future power systems that are expected to support more PHEV and renewable energy. Advisors/Committee Members: Karki, Rajesh, Chen, Li, Chung, Tony C.Y., Meda, Venkatesh.

Subjects/Keywords: Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; power system reliability; probability modeling; reliability modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, X. 1. (2016). Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Xue 1986-. “Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems.” 2016. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Xue 1986-. “Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang X1. Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7407.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang X1. Reliability Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Systems. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/7407

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado State University

10. Bucher, Jake Duvall. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

► The personal vehicle transportation fleet relies heavily on non-renewable and pollutive sources of fuel, such as petroleum. However, with harsher restrictions from the Environmental Protection… (more)

▼ The personal vehicle transportation fleet relies heavily on non-renewable and pollutive sources of fuel, such as petroleum. However, with harsher restrictions from the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and California Air Resource Board's (CARB) Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) standards coupled with growing sales for alternative fueled vehicles, the automotive industry has begun to shift toward more renewable and clean sources of energy to power vehicles. The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) architecture provides a unique and promising solution to decreasing the dependence of vehicles on petroleum and decreasing the amount of pollution emitted from tailpipes. Until recently, the FCPHEV architecture had only been developed in concept cars and paper studies. However, recent studies have confirmed the capability of the FCPHEV concept in terms of its economics, environmental benefits, and real-world viability. From this concept it becomes important to understand how daily commuters will benefit from driving a FCPHEV using real world driving data. Through the use of geographic information system (GIS) data of vehicle travel in the Puget Sound area from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) a model of electrical and hydrogen energy consumption of a fleet of FCPHEVs can be constructed. This model can be modified to model the driving, charging and fueling habits of drivers using four different all-electric driving ranges, and using either a normal plug-in hybrid control strategy or a control strategy that focuses on highway fuel cell operation. These comparisons are used to analyze the driving habits of daily commuters while using a FCPHEV, and the effect of the FCPHEV architecture on the location of hydrogen refueling. The results of this thesis help to define FCPHEV energy management strategies and show that the FCPHEV architecture can concentrate the location of hydrogen refueling to predictable areas and aid in the development of the hydrogen refueling infrastructure. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Anderson, Charles (committee member), Suryanarayanan, Siddarth (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: energy consumption; utility factor; hydrogen; geographical information systems; fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bucher, J. D. (2014). Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bucher, Jake Duvall. “Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bucher, Jake Duvall. “Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bucher JD. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907.

Council of Science Editors:

Bucher JD. Case study of the real world integration of fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and their effect on hydrogen refueling locations in the Puget Sound region. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83907

University of Washington

11. Fayer, Trevor. The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation.

Degree: 2014, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26759

► The transportation sector accounts for 28% of total US energy consumption, and 93% of this energy comes from petroleum resources (Energy Information Administration, 2014). If… (more)

▼ The transportation sector accounts for 28% of total US energy consumption, and 93% of this energy comes from petroleum resources (Energy Information Administration, 2014). If the effect of energy use for the transportation industry go unchecked, the associated emissions represent one of the biggest threats to our global environment. To reduce energy consumption used by transportation simply by traveling less or shipping less goods would hinder commerce and slow economic growth. It becomes important then to find an engineering solution to the environmental impacts of personal transportation in order to allow commerce and economic growth to continue uninhibited. The EcoCAR2 competition is a three year long collegiate level automotive engineering competition in which fifteen universities across North America to reduce the environmental impact of personal automobiles without sacrificing the consumer acceptability of the vehicle (Argonne National Labratories, 2014). It is the first competition of its kind designed to create automotive technology that can penetrate the mass market and have significant and lasting environmental impact reductions. The technical goals allow for modifications to the power train of the vehicle and control strategy innovations to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, criteria emissions, petroleum energy consumption, and total energy consumption. The phrase "electrified vehicle" includes mild Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV), strong HEV, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV), and fully electric vehicles (EV). These types of vehicle powertrains are one technology that can potentially improve upon all of the technical goals of EcoCAR2. The stronger the electrification of a vehicle, the better the improvement upon the competition's four main technical goals. However, with stronger electrification typically comes higher cost and increased emissions, both mostly due to the high voltage battery pack that is typically a NiMh (small capacity) or lithium chemistry. There are very few additional technologies that universally improve upon all of these criteria without causing detrimental effects on consumer acceptability. Hybrid vehicles consist of two or more torque producing components, typically an electric motor and a petroleum internal combustion engine. The driver interface for hybrid vehicles, however, still only has a single accelerator pedal. There is a need for a supervisory control strategy that controls the torque output of each component. This supervisory control strategy is responsible for commanding the vehicle drivetrain as a system to match the driver's intended torque demand, while optimizing to minimize emissions and energy consumption. This thesis outlines the vehicle development process utilized by the University of Washington EcoCAR2 team over all three years of the EcoCAR2 competition. The UWEC2 team came up with a Parallel Through the Road (PTTR) PHEV that can operate as an EV for the first 50 miles after being charged off of the grid. This very heavy reliance on grid electricity… Advisors/Committee Members: Fabien, Brian (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Electric; Hybrid; Plug-in; Supervisory; System; Vehicle; Automotive engineering; Engineering; mechanical engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fayer, T. (2014). The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation. (Thesis). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26759

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fayer, Trevor. “The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation.” 2014. Thesis, University of Washington. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26759.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fayer, Trevor. “The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Fayer T. The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26759.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fayer T. The UW EcoCAR2 Vehicle Development Process and Vehicle Level Torque Control Strategy Documentation. [Thesis]. University of Washington; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/26759

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

12. Liu, Mingxi. Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid.

Degree: Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2016, University of Victoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7235

► Renewable and green energy development is vigorously supported by most countries to suppress the continuously increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, as the total renewable… (more)

▼ Renewable and green energy development is vigorously supported by most countries to suppress the continuously increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, as the total renewable capacity expands, the growth rate of emissions is not effectively restrained. An unforeseen factor contributing to this growth is the regulation service, which aims to mitigate power frequency deviations caused by the intermittent renewable power generation and unbalanced power supply and demand. Regulation services, normally issued by supply-side balancing authorities, leads to inefficient operations of regulating generators, thus directly contributing to the emissions growth. Therefore, it is urged to find solutions that can stabilize the power frequency with an increased energy using efficiency. Demand response (DR) is an ideal candidate to solve this problem. The current smart grid infrastructure enables a high penetration of smart residential electric loads, including heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems (HVACs), air conditioners (A/Cs), electric water heaters (EWHs), and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). Beyond simply drawing power from the grid for local electric demand, those loads can also adjust their power consumption patterns by responding to the control signals sent to them. It has been proved that, if appropriately aggregated and controlled, power consumption of demand-side residential loads possesses a huge potential for providing regulation services. The research of DR is pivotal from the the application perspective due to the efficient usage of renewable energy generation and the high power quality. However, many problems remain open in this area due to the load heterogeneity, device physical constraints, and computational and communication restrictions. In order to move one step further toward industry applications, this PhD thesis is concerned with two cruxes in DR program design: Aggregation Modeling and Control; it deals with two main types of terminal loads: Thermostatically Controlled Appliances (TCAs) (Chapters 2-4) and PHEVs (Chapter 5). This thesis proceeds with Chapter 1 by reviewing the state-of-the-art of DR. Then in Chapter 2, the focus is put on modeling and control of TCAs for secondary frequency control. In order to explicitly describe local TCA dynamics and to provide the aggregator a clear global view, TCAs are aggregated by directly stacking their individual dynamics. Terminal TCAs are assumed in a general case that an arbitrary number of TCAs are equipped with varying frequency drives (VFDs). A centralized model predictive control (MPC) scheme is firstly constructed. In the design, to tackle the TCA lockout effect and to facilitate the MPC scheme, a novel approach for converting time-integrated interdependent logic constraints into inequality constraints are proposed. Since a centralized MPC scheme may introduce non-trivial computational load by using this aggregation model,… Advisors/Committee Members: Shi, Yang (supervisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Smart grid; Demand response; Control; Modeling; Optimization; Thermostatically controlled appliance; Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, M. (2016). Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid. (Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7235

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Mingxi. “Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid.” 2016. Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7235.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Mingxi. “Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu M. Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7235.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liu M. Modeling and control of controllable electric loads in smart grid. [Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7235

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ontario Institute of Technology

13. Brennan, Joseph. Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies.

Degree: 2015, University of Ontario Institute of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/591

► The objective of this thesis is to quantify the effects of passive thermal management achieved through augmenting thermal isolation incorporated into an electrified vehicle???s energy… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Electric vehicle; Energy storage; Thermal management system; Plug-in hybrid; Finite element analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brennan, J. (2015). Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies. (Thesis). University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10155/591

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brennan, Joseph. “Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies.” 2015. Thesis, University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/591.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brennan, Joseph. “Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Brennan J. Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/591.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Brennan J. Experimental and numerical quantification of EV and PHEV battery pack thermal isolation strategies. [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/591

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Asakit, Jidapa. Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV .

Degree: Chalmers tekniska högskola / Institutionen för mekanik och maritima vetenskaper, 2020, Chalmers University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301828

► The gasoline Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) has rapidly taken over the majority of the market share in terms of vehicle production and sales due… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Real Driving Emissions; Portable Emissions Measurement System; Gasoline Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle; Particulate Emissions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Asakit, J. (2020). Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV . (Thesis). Chalmers University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301828

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Asakit, Jidapa. “Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV .” 2020. Thesis, Chalmers University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301828.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Asakit, Jidapa. “Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV .” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Asakit J. Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV . [Internet] [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301828.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Asakit J. Real Driving Particulate Emissions from a Gasoline PHEV . [Thesis]. Chalmers University of Technology; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12380/301828

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Michigan Technological University

15. Yadav, Rajeshwar. MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE.

Degree: MS, Department of Mechanical Engineering-Engineering Mechanics, 2018, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/633

► A high fidelity vehicle model is important to predict energy consumption of vehicle and to implement control strategies for further improvement in performance of… (more)

▼ A high fidelity vehicle model is important to predict energy consumption of vehicle and to implement control strategies for further improvement in performance of vehicle. The work in this thesis, describes modeling procedure for developing a high fidelity model of plug in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) Chevrolet Volt Gen II using parameters provided by General Motors, is as a part of Advanced Research Projects Agency Energy (ARPA-E) group's "NEXT-Generation Energy Technologies for Connected and Automated On-Road Vehicles (NEXTCAR)'' project. Each powertrain component , namely; internal combustion engine (ICE), motor generators, battery, traction power inverter module (TPIM) and drive unit, have been developed using high fidelity parameters in MATLAB/ Simulink. In addition to major powertrain components development process, several energy affecting components/ conditions were modeled. To enhance accuracy of energy consumption prediction of battery, a regression fit drive unit auxiliary pump model, dependent on vehicle speed, axle torque and operating mode, was developed using experimental Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) test data. Further improvement in engine fuel energy prediction was improved by incorporating rule based fuel penalties (catalyst light-off , cold-start and cranking) that depends on three way catalyst (TWC) and engine coolant temperatures. In-vehicle testing was carried out to accomplish this task. To predict engine coolant temperature, a lumped coolant model was developed which will be necessary for predicting cold-start fuel penalty. Catalyst thermal model was develop to predict TWC temperature. This thesis walks through validation process of each subsystem developed with experimental ANL test data and, validated components were integrated to develop a Chevy Volt Gen II model. The developed model was validated for US06 and Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET) drive cycles provided ANL for both charge sustaining (CS) and charge depleting (CD) test cases. The total energy (sum of electrical and fuel energy) of developed model is well with 5 % error compared to ANL test data. Further analysis of engine transient operation, causing transient fuel penalty, has been performed which a map-based engine model is incapable to predict. Using this analysis, an engine transient fuel penalty map was developed which will make a map-based model to mimic as a dynamic engine model. Moreover, mode switch fuel penalties have been analyzed and incorporated in the model. Advisors/Committee Members: Mahdi Shahbakhti, Darrell Robinette.

Subjects/Keywords: Hybrid electric vehicle; plug in hybrid electric vehicles; modeling; simulation; Simulink; Chevrolet Volt; Engine; Automotive Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yadav, R. (2018). MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/633

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yadav, Rajeshwar. “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/633.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yadav, Rajeshwar. “MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yadav R. MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/633.

Council of Science Editors:

Yadav R. MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN CHEVROLET VOLT GEN II HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2018. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/633

Colorado State University

16. Geller, Benjamin M. Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83766

► Personal transportation has a large and increasing impact on people, society, and the environment globally. Computational energy-use simulation is becoming a key tool for automotive… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: automotive; hybrid; plug-in; simulation; systems; vehicle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Geller, B. M. (2014). Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83766

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Geller, Benjamin M. “Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83766.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Geller, Benjamin M. “Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Geller BM. Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83766.

Council of Science Editors:

Geller BM. Methods for advancing automobile research with energy-use simulation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/83766

Colorado State University

17. Salisbury, Shawn. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

► The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) has been shown to be a promising vehicle architecture in terms of cost, emissions reduction, and reducing… (more)

▼ The fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (FCPHEV) has been shown to be a promising vehicle architecture in terms of cost, emissions reduction, and reducing petroleum use. It combines a high power battery pack and a small fuel cell to make a zero emissions vehicle with all of the capabilities of current consumer vehicles. Previous FCPHEV studies have projected vehicle cost, emissions, and efficiency, but little work has been performed towards understanding the use, design, and functionality of the architecture. This study presents several topics which will help to advance the state of the FCPHEV. Plug-in hybrid vehicles, including FCPHEVs, can use two different sources of fuel depending upon how the vehicle is driven and charged. To quantify this fuel use, SAE J2841 establishes a utility factor method based upon transportation survey data that includes assumptions about vehicle use and battery charging habits. The utility factor model is an important tool for automakers, consumers, and researchers, and it is used by the EPA to determine the fuel economy of plug-in hybrid vehicles. In the Section A of this study, the utility factor model is examined and compared to data collected from over 1,400 Chevrolet Volts in order to assess its accuracy. Until now, there has been no large-scale set of vehicle data to which the model could be compared. Results show that the assumptions of the J2841 utility factor model are not representative of the driving behavior of this set of plug-in vehicles. A hydrogen fueled vehicle requires a high pressure gaseous fuel storage and delivery system that is very different than the fueling systems of current conventional vehicles. The design and execution of the system is critical to the safety and functionality of an FCPHEV, but previous literature on hydrogen fueled vehicles covers fuel systems in little detail. Section B of this study details the considerations that one must make when designing a high pressure hydrogen fuel system and provides an example of how those considerations were met for the FCPHEV built by Colorado State University in the EcoCAR 2 competition. The FCPHEV built for the EcoCAR 2 competition is the first of its kind to publish real-world driving data. Data taken from the vehicle during on-road testing is analyzed in Section C of this study to prove the FCPHEV concept and increase the understanding of overall system operation. The results of the driving tests demonstrate the viability of the FCPHEV and highlight its advantages over current zero emissions vehicle architectures. Advisors/Committee Members: Bradley, Thomas (advisor), Sega, Ronald (committee member), Kirkpatrcik, Allan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: fuel cell; plug-in hybrid vehicle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Salisbury, S. (2014). Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Salisbury, Shawn. “Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Salisbury, Shawn. “Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Salisbury S. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992.

Council of Science Editors:

Salisbury S. Understanding fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicle use, design, and functionality. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/84992

18. Yao, Yin. Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies.

Degree: PhD, Electrical Engineering, 2016, U of Denver

URL: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1221

► In this dissertation, an integrated Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PHEV) charging loads forecasting model is developed for regular distribution level system and microgrid system. For… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Economic dispatch; Microgrid; Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; Stochastic model; Transportation electrification; Vehicle to grid; Electrical and Computer Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yao, Y. (2016). Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies. (Doctoral Dissertation). U of Denver. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1221

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, U of Denver. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1221.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yao Y. Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. U of Denver; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1221.

Council of Science Editors:

Yao Y. Integrated PHEV Charging Loads Forecasting Model and Optimization Strategies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. U of Denver; 2016. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/1221

University of Louisville

19. Schoen, Michael, 1988-. Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.

Degree: M. Eng., 2012, University of Louisville

URL: 10.18297/etd/1278 ; https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd/1278

► Electric vehicles are quickly becoming one of the most rapidly growing technologies of this age. With their acceleration to prominence, the concept of Vehicle to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Vehicle to grid (V2G); Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV); Power electronic interface (PEI); Household emergency generator; Toyota Prius

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schoen, Michael, 1. (2012). Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. (Masters Thesis). University of Louisville. Retrieved from 10.18297/etd/1278 ; https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd/1278

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schoen, Michael, 1988-. “Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Louisville. Accessed March 05, 2021. 10.18297/etd/1278 ; https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd/1278.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schoen, Michael, 1988-. “Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.” 2012. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Schoen, Michael 1. Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Louisville; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: 10.18297/etd/1278 ; https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd/1278.

Council of Science Editors:

Schoen, Michael 1. Vehicle to grid as a household emergency generator for 2007 Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid electric vehicle. [Masters Thesis]. University of Louisville; 2012. Available from: 10.18297/etd/1278 ; https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd/1278

KTH

20. Yu, Xu. Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis.

Degree: Vehicle Dynamics, 2020, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280559

►

In early design phase for new hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains, simulation isused for the estimation of vehicle fuel consumption. For hybrid electric powertrains,fuel… (more)

▼

In early design phase for new hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains, simulation isused for the estimation of vehicle fuel consumption. For hybrid electric powertrains,fuel consumption is highly related to powertrain efficiency. While powertrainefficiency of hybrid electric powertrain is not a linear product of efficiencies ofcomponents, it has to be analysed as a sequence of energy conversions includingcomponent losses and energy interaction among components.This thesis is aimed at studying the energy losses and flows and present them in theform of Sankey diagram, later, an adaptive energy management system is developedbased on current rule-based control strategy. The first part involves developing energycalculation block in GT-SUITE corresponding to the vehicle model, calculating allthe energy losses and flows and presenting them in Sankey diagram. The secondpart involves optimizing energy management system control parameters according todifferent representative driving cycles. The third part involves developing adaptiveenergy management system by deploying optimal control parameter based on drivingpattern recognition with the help of SVM (support vector machine).In conclusion, a sturctured way to generate the Sankey diagram has been successfullygenerated and it turns out to be an effective tool to study HEV powertrain efficiencyand fuel economy. In addition, the combination of driving pattern recognition andoptimized control parameters also show a significant potential improvement in fuelconsumption.

Under den tidiga utvecklingsfasen av nya elektrifieradedrivlinor for hybridapplikationer (HEV) används simulering för uppskattning avfordonets bränsleförbrukning. För dess drivlinor är bränsleförbrukningen i hög gradkopplad till drivlinans verkningsgrad. Även om drivlinans verkningsgrad inte ären linjär prokukt av komponenternas verkningsgrad behöve rden analyseras somen sekvens av energiomvandlingar, inklusive förluster och energipåverkan mellankomponenter.Detta examensarbete syftar till att undersöka energiförluster och flöden samtpresentera dessa i form av sankey diagram. Senare utvecklas ett anpassningsbartenergihanteringssystem baserat på nuvarande regelbaserad kontrollstrategi. Deninledande delen involverar utvecklandet av energianalys i GT-SUITE som motsvararfordonsmodellen, beräkningar av totala energiförluster och flöden samt presentationav dessa i ett sankey diagram. Den andra delen innefattar optimering avenergihanteringssystems kontrollparametrar enligt olika representativa körcykler.Den tredje delen involverar utveckling av anpassningsbara energihanteringssystemgenom användning av optimala kontrollparameterar baserad på detektering avkörbeteende med hjälp av SVM ( stödvektormaskin).Slutligen, ett strukturerat sätt att generera sankey diagrammet har med framgånggenererats och visat sig vara ett effektivt verktyg för studier av HEV drivlinorseffektivitet och bränsleekonomi. Dessutom visar kombinationen av detektering avkörbeteende och optimerade kontrollparametrar på en markant potentiell…

Subjects/Keywords: Hybrid electric vehicle; Energy analysis; Sankey diagram; Vehicle simulation; Energy management system; Driving pattern recognition; Plug-in hybrid; energianalys; Sankey diagram; fordonssimulering; energihanteringssystem; detektering av körbeteende; Vehicle Engineering; Farkostteknik

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yu, X. (2020). Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280559

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yu, Xu. “Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis.” 2020. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280559.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yu, Xu. “Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yu X. Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280559.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yu X. Tank-to-Wheel Energy Breakdown Analysis. [Thesis]. KTH; 2020. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280559

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado State University

21. Davis, Barbara Morgan. Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Mechanical Engineering, 2010, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/44841

► Plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) are any vehicle that uses electricity to propel the vehicle, potentially in combination with other fuels like gasoline, diesel or hydrogen.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: charging infrastructure; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; plug-in electric vehicle; electric vehicle; Electric vehicles; Electric charge and distribution

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APA (6^th Edition):

Davis, B. M. (2010). Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/44841

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Davis, Barbara Morgan. “Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/44841.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Davis, Barbara Morgan. “Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging.” 2010. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Davis BM. Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/44841.

Council of Science Editors:

Davis BM. Understanding the effects and infrastrcuture needs of plug-in electric vehicle (PEV) charging. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/44841

University of Michigan

22. Li, Shifang. Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2011, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86264

► As industry strives to standardize engineering design, manufacturing, and maintenance processes, the focus on achieving component modularity is increasing. Component swapping modularity (CSM) in control… (more)

▼ As industry strives to standardize engineering design, manufacturing, and maintenance processes, the focus on achieving component modularity is increasing. Component swapping modularity (CSM) in control systems allows component change without redesign of the system level controller, while achieving the required system performance. Opportunities to achieve CSM are emerging in control systems consisting of smart components connected by bidirectional communication networks. By distributing a part of the controller into the component module, controller recalibration can be limited to only the component module when the component changes. In this dissertation, a novel Direct Method is proposed to generate the distributed controller with CSM through a bi-level optimization. The distributed controller enables CSM and provides required system performance for each component variant. The Direct Method is applied to throttle actuator CSM design in engine idle speed control. The results demonstrate that the new Direct Method improves the CSM results compared to the previous 3-Step Method. In addition, the Direct Method permits the designer to trade off desired system performance versus achievable CSM. The Direct Method is then applied to design a distributed supervisory controller for battery CSM in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. A novel feedback based controller for the charge sustaining mode is proposed. For effective controller distribution, a method based on sensitivity analysis of the control signals with respect to the battery hardware parameter is introduced. The bi-level optimization problem for the distributed controller gains is solved using the Augmented Lagrangian Decomposition method. The results demonstrate that battery CSM can be achieved without compromising fuel economy compared to the centralized control case. Advisors/Committee Members: Kolmanovsky, Ilya Vladimir (committee member), Ulsoy, A. Galip (committee member), Grizzle, Jessy W. (committee member), Papalambros, Panos Y. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Component Swapping Modularity; Distributed Control; Networked Control Systems; Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle; Mechanical Engineering; Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, S. (2011). Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86264

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Shifang. “Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86264.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Shifang. “Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” 2011. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Li S. Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86264.

Council of Science Editors:

Li S. Distributed Supervisory Controller Design for Battery Swapping Modularity in Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86264

23. MacDonald, Jason. Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Degree: MS, Natural Resources and Environment, 2010, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/77597

► The environmental and electric utility system impacts from plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) infiltration in Michigan were examined from years 2010 to 2030 as part… (more)

▼ The environmental and electric utility system impacts from plug‐in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) infiltration in Michigan were examined from years 2010 to 2030 as part of the Michigan Public Service Commission’s (MPSC) PHEV pilot project. Total fuel cycle energy consumption, greenhouse gas and criteria air pollutant emissions for Michigan’s light duty vehicle fleet were analyzed, as well as gasoline displacement due to the shift to electrified travel. PHEVs consume both liquid fuel and grid electricity for propulsion. While this fueling strategy can significantly reduce gasoline consumption and related emissions, it is important to understand the impacts that these PHEVs have on the electrical system and its associated emissions. A MATLAB® model was developed to quantify the regional emissions and energy use of this interaction for Michigan. Each year the model examined vehicle charging behavior, PHEV sales infiltration, changes to the electric grid, and electricity dispatch. Individual PHEV energy consumption was determined from a database of actual vehicle trips, and scaled to the number of on‐road PHEVs. The electricity to charge PHEVs was added to Michigan’s baseline hourly electrical demand and new generating capacity was added to the grid to meet renewable portfolio standards and capacity reserve mandates. Lastly, generating assets were dispatched to serve the load, and total fuel cycle (TFC) emissions were calculated. Several scenarios were developed to capture the range of possible outcomes examining PHEV infiltration, charging behaviors, and future grid mixes. In all scenarios, an increased number of PHEVs led to decreased statewide GHG emissions, ranging from a 0.4% to 10.7% reduction in 2030, and displaced from 0.5 to 9 billion gallons of gasoline from 2010‐2030. Depending on the scenarios employed and allocation method, The emissions intensity of PHEV travel in 2030 ranged from 294 and 187 gCO2e per mile. Substituting nuclear generators for some of Michigan’s predominately coal baseload power plants had a large effect on reducing emissions, a 40% reduction in annual electricity sector GHG emissions between 2009 and 2030, and reduced PHEV emissions intensity up to 22%. Criteria air pollutant emissions were reduced in most scenarios. However, SOX emissions could increased with the addition of PHEVs. Advisors/Committee Members: Keoleian, Gregory (advisor), Kelly, Jarod (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Plug‐In Hybrid Electric Vehicle; Energy Consumption

…Plug‐in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Particulate matter of less than 2.5 micrometer diameter… …Emissions and Energy use in Transportation Hybrid Electric Vehicle Michigan Department of… …1. Executive Summary Plug‐in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have been… …from widespread plug‐in hybrid deployment in Michigan over a time period of 2010 to 2030… …during vehicle operation. In a plug‐in vehicle, the well‐to‐tank emissions associated with…

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

MacDonald, J. (2010). Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. (Masters Thesis). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/77597

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

MacDonald, Jason. “Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Michigan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/77597.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

MacDonald, Jason. “Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.” 2010. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

MacDonald J. Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Michigan; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/77597.

Council of Science Editors:

MacDonald J. Environmental Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles. [Masters Thesis]. University of Michigan; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/77597

University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee

24. Bu, Shuaiyu. Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid.

Degree: MS, Engineering, 2018, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee

URL: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1763

► Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) feature combined electric and gasoline powertrains with internal combustion engine and electric motors powered by battery packs. The battery… (more)

▼ Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) feature combined electric and gasoline powertrains with internal combustion engine and electric motors powered by battery packs. The battery packs of PHEVs are mostly charged during off-peaks hours at lower prices and meanwhile absorb the excess power from the grid. Similarly, the power stored in the batteries can also flow back to the electric grid in response to ease the peak load demands. With the increasing penetration and integration of PHEVs, the reliability of PHEVs is essential to overall power system reliability since the charging mechanisms of PHEVs can influence the reliability of power system. Furthermore, due to the direct integration of PHEVs into the residential distribution network, the PHEVs can work as backup batteries for power systems in case of power outage. Therefore, the reliability analysis of power systems and the ancillary services provided by PHEVs are also proposed in this thesis study. For the driving pattern of each PHEV, there are three basic elements modeled, which are the departure time, the arrival time and the daily mileage, all represented by probability density functions. Based on these basic concepts, the methodology for modeling the load demand of PHEVs is introduced. In the proposed system, both the Differential Evolution and the Particle Swarm Optimization are proposed to optimize the control strategies for power systems with integration of PHEVs. Aside from using the minimum cost as a figure of merit when designing and determining the best PHEV charging mechanism, the reliability improvement brought to the power systems by PHEVs and the extra earnings obtained by performing frequency regulation services are also quantified and taken into account. Although the reliability of power systems with PHEV penetrations has been well-studied, the adoption of the Differential Evolution algorithm for minimizing the cost of overall system is not exercised, not to mention a thorough comparative study with other common optimization algorithms. To sum up, the Differential Evolution can not only achieve multiple goals by improving the power quality, reducing the peak load, providing regulation services and minimizing the total virtual cost in this system, it can also offer better results compared with the Particle Swarm Optimization in terms of minimizing the cost. Advisors/Committee Members: Lingfeng Wang.

Subjects/Keywords: Differential Evolution; Particle Swarm Optimization; Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles; Power System; Reliability; Vehicle-to-Grid; Electrical and Electronics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bu, S. (2018). Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid. (Thesis). University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Retrieved from https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1763

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bu, Shuaiyu. “Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid.” 2018. Thesis, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1763.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bu, Shuaiyu. “Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bu S. Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1763.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bu S. Optimization for Integration of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles into Distribution Grid. [Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee; 2018. Available from: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1763

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tasmania

25. Zhang, Y. Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage.

Degree: 2018, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28739/1/Zhang_whole_thesis.pdf ; Zhang, Y ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-1960 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-1960> 2018 , 'Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage', Research Master thesis, University of Tasmania.

► The distribution network has experienced an increasing level of photovoltaics (PVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) integration in recent years. Investigating the potential influence of… (more)

▼ The distribution network has experienced an increasing level of photovoltaics (PVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs) integration in recent years. Investigating the potential influence of integrating these sources into distribution networks is difficult and requires the development of a suitable system simulation model for a grid-tied PV system with energy storage. The major objective of this thesis is modelling, control and power management of a grid-connected PV system with PHEVs as energy storage. The parameters of the PV array and Tremblay’s battery models integrated within the whole system simulation model are estimated using the parameter estimation techniques. The simulation models developed throughout the thesis are implemented in MATLAB/SimPowerSystems environment. Experimental testing of BP 380 PV modules is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the PV module model. A suitable control and charging strategy is also developed to control the charging and discharging processes of the PHEV battery. The major novelty of the work described in the thesis lies in three aspects: (1) parameter identification of PV modules using a genetic algorithm (GA) approach to improve the accuracy of the model parameters; (2) parameter identification of Tremblay’s battery model using a novel quantum-behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) parameter estimation technique; (3) development of a charging strategy for PHEVs to optimally coordinate the power flow among the system based on the State of Charge (SOC) scenario of a day. This thesis begins with a study of modelling approaches for a PV cell and selects the single diode model (SDM) to model the PV array. A critical review of three parameter estimation techniques for the SDM is presented. A novel GA approach to parameter estimation for the SDM is also proposed. Simulation results are presented to show the advantages of the GA approach over Villalva's iterative method [1]. Experimental testing of a BP 380 PV module is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the SDM in modelling the experimental current-voltage (I-V) and P-V characteristics. A PV array simulation model is developed using the SDM calibrated through parameter estimation. Secondly, the thesis presents overviews of MPPT techniques, DC-DC converter topologies, and grid-tied PV inverter topologies for MPPT applications. A review of the input voltage control of DC-DC converters is presented, especially on the voltage mode control (VMC) and current mode control (CMC). This leads to the development of a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. This controller is used to transform the PV array voltage tracking error into the duty cycle to control the operation of the boost converter interfacing the PV array. Four cases are developed based on whether the effect of the DC link capacitor is considered, and different linear models are selected for modelling a PV array. According to the assumptions given in the four cases, the small signal model of the boost converter is developed by adoption of…

Subjects/Keywords: photovoltaic; plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; single diode model; maximum power point tracking; quantum-behaved particle swarm optimisation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhang, Y. (2018). Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28739/1/Zhang_whole_thesis.pdf ; Zhang, Y ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-1960 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-1960> 2018 , 'Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage', Research Master thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhang, Y. “Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage.” 2018. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28739/1/Zhang_whole_thesis.pdf ; Zhang, Y ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-1960 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-1960> 2018 , 'Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage', Research Master thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhang, Y. “Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhang Y. Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28739/1/Zhang_whole_thesis.pdf ; Zhang, Y ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-1960 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-1960> 2018 , 'Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage', Research Master thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhang Y. Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2018. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28739/1/Zhang_whole_thesis.pdf ; Zhang, Y ORCID: 0000-0003-2969-1960 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2969-1960> 2018 , 'Control and power management of photovoltaic systems with plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as energy storage', Research Master thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Luleå University of Technology

26. Söderlund, Björn. Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå.

Degree: 2015, Luleå University of Technology

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-44481

►

The energy company Luleå Energi wants to examine the need for public charging for electric cars in the municipality of Luleå and wants to… (more)

▼

The energy company Luleå Energi wants to examine the need for public charging for electric cars in the municipality of Luleå and wants to know how to design a charging infrastructure. The aim of this project was to support the company in matters concerning charging infrastructure. The goal was to develop a recommendation on how to design a basic public infrastructure for charging electric cars in Luleå. The thesis work is based on a literature study and dialogue with various professionals with knowledge about charging infrastructure and the use of electric cars.Electric cars are mainly charged overnight in connection to the residency, or during the day at the work place. However, due to today’s vehicles' limited range, a certain public charging infrastructure is needed in order to increase the effective range. Public charging stations are also needed to allow longer trips with battery electric vehicles and to enable plug-in hybrids to be predominantly powered by electricity. Normal power recharging points can recharge an electric vehicle battery in one to six hours. These units should be positioned at well-attended parking spaces where vehicles are parked for a longer period of time, for example in the city center, at shopping centers and airports. High power recharging points will typically recharge an electric car battery in 20 to 30 minutes. These charging stations should primarily be located along freeways and highways, at fuel stations or similar facilities.The report includes recommendations for charging power, connector types and communication systems that will ensure a user-friendly charging infrastructure that is well- prepared for future needs. Normal charging stations that are established in Luleå should have fixed cables and should be equipped with Type 1 and Type 2 connectors. High power charging stations are always fitted with fixed cables and should be equipped with CHAdeMO and Combo 2 connectors. In order for users to retrieve status information through navigation systems or online map services, all charging spots should be provided with internet access.In the report a proposition is presented, that contains seven charging spots positioned with the intention of benefitting the most possible amount of users. It is concluded that, to provide a basic charging infrastructure that meets the need for existing vehicles and that encourages more drivers to choose electrically powered vehicles, between 36 and 55 new charging points are needed. This should cover the need for public charging until 2017 and maybe even until 2020 depending on the increase rate of plug-in electric vehicles.

Validerat; 20150821 (global_studentproject_submitter)

Subjects/Keywords: Technology; Teknik; Laddinfrastruktur; elbil; laddstolpe; laddstation; EV; charging infrastructure; electric vehicle; EVSE; Luleå; laddhybrid; PHEV; plug-in hybrid

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APA (6^th Edition):

Söderlund, B. (2015). Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå. (Thesis). Luleå University of Technology. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-44481

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Söderlund, Björn. “Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå.” 2015. Thesis, Luleå University of Technology. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-44481.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Söderlund, Björn. “Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Söderlund B. Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå. [Internet] [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-44481.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Söderlund B. Förslag på utformning av grundläggande laddinfrastruktur för elfordon i Luleå. [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2015. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-44481

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

27. Yao, Yin. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid.

Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering, 2012, U of Denver

URL: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/723

► In this thesis, in order to investigate the impact of charging load from plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), a stochastic model is developed in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Demand side response; Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; Renewable energy; Stochastic model; Electrical and Computer Engineering; Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yao, Y. (2012). Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid. (Thesis). U of Denver. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid.” 2012. Thesis, U of Denver. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid.” 2012. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yao Y. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid. [Internet] [Thesis]. U of Denver; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yao Y. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle in Smart Grid. [Thesis]. U of Denver; 2012. Available from: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Victoria

28. Al Hanif, S. Ehtesham. Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle.

Degree: Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2015, University of Victoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6739

► Plug-in Hybrid Electric vehicle (PHEV) technology has the potential to reduce operational costs, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and gasoline consumption in the transportation market. However,… (more)

▼ Plug-in Hybrid Electric vehicle (PHEV) technology has the potential to reduce operational costs, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and gasoline consumption in the transportation market. However, the net benefits of using a PHEV depend critically on several aspects, such as individual travel patterns, vehicle powertrain design and battery technology. To examine these effects, a multi-objective optimization model was developed integrating vehicle physics simulations through a Matlab/Simulink model, battery durability, and Canadian driving survey data. Moreover, all the drivetrains are controlled implicitly by the ADVISOR powertrain simulation and analysis tool. The simulated model identifies Pareto optimal vehicle powertrain configurations using a multi-objective Pareto front pursuing genetic algorithm by varying combinations of powertrain components and allocation of vehicles to consumers for the least operational cost, and powertrain cost under various driving assumptions. A sensitivity analysis over the foremost cost parameters is included in determining the robustness of the optimized solution of the simulated model in the presence of uncertainty. Here, a comparative study is also established between conventional and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) to PHEVs with equivalent optimized solutions, size and performance (similar to Toyota Prius) under both the urban and highway driving environments. In addition, breakeven point analysis is carried out that indicates PHEV lifecycle cost must fall within a few percent of CVs or HEVs to become both the environmentally friendly and cost-effective transportation solutions. Finally, PHEV classes (a platform with multiple powertrain architectures) are optimized taking into account consumer diversity over various classes of light-duty vehicle to investigate consumer-appropriate architectures and manufacturer opportunities for vehicle fleet development utilizing simplified techno-financial analysis. Advisors/Committee Members: Crawford, Curran (supervisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Multi-objective Optimization; Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle; Powertrain; Drive Cycles; Total Ownership Cost; Component Sizing; Sensitivity Analysis; ADVISOR

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Al Hanif, S. E. (2015). Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle. (Masters Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6739

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Al Hanif, S Ehtesham. “Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6739.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Al Hanif, S Ehtesham. “Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Al Hanif SE. Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Victoria; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6739.

Council of Science Editors:

Al Hanif SE. Multi-objective Optimization of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Powertrain Families considering Variable Drive Cycles and User Types over the Vehicle Lifecycle. [Masters Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/6739

Virginia Tech

29. Johnson, Kurt M. A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2008, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33968

► Hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) come in many sizes and degrees of hybridization. Mild hybrid systems, where a simple idle stop strategy is employed, eliminate fuel… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: well-to-wheel; plug-in; hybrid electric vehicle

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, K. M. (2008). A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33968

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Kurt M. “A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33968.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Kurt M. “A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources.” 2008. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson KM. A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33968.

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson KM. A Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Loss Model to Compare Well-to-Wheel Energy Use from Multiple Sources. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33968

Virginia Tech

30. Walsh, Patrick McKay. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2011, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32534

► Defining key parameters for a charge sustaining supervisory (torque split) control strategy as well as an engine and catalyst warm-up strategy for a Split Parallel… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: greenhouse gases; EV; automobile; plug-in; PHEV; E-REV; pollution; criteria emissions; petroleum; environment; fuel consumption; hybrid electric vehicle

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Walsh, P. M. (2011). Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32534

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walsh, Patrick McKay. “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32534.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walsh, Patrick McKay. “Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use.” 2011. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Walsh PM. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32534.

Council of Science Editors:

Walsh PM. Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Supervisory Control Strategy Considerations for Engine Exhaust Emissions and Fuel Use. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32534

Open Access Theses and Dissertations