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1.
Harding, Steven.
Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13691 
► Depression is a highly prevalent, debilitating, and sometimes-fatal mental illness. Typically, its treatment approaches are conceptualised as a dichotomy between psychological and pharmaceutical. However, a…
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▼ Depression is a highly prevalent, debilitating, and sometimes-fatal mental illness. Typically, its treatment approaches are conceptualised as a dichotomy between psychological and pharmaceutical. However, a new model, in line with cogent philosophical reasoning and recent empirical evidence, integrates these approaches. The cognitive neuropsychological model places affective processing biases as central to depression aetiology and treatment-in both biological psychiatry and cognitive psychology. One affective bias, emotion recognition, is central to the tenets of this model, which, unlike some cognitive theories, places improved affective biases as temporally prior to improved mood, and as the underlying mechanism of antidepressant action. To test this account of emotion recognition bias, 103 undergraduate students participants underwent negative, positive, and neutral mood induction in a betweengroups design to assess whether mood-congruent emotion recognition biases would emerge in a multimodal (facial, vocal, musical) emotion recognition battery, while controlling for depression symptoms and assessing maladaptive cognitive schemas. Few significant emotion recognition biases resulted, but significant negative correlations between negative schemas and overall facial and musical accuracy emerged, even when controlling for depression lending some support to the cognitive neuropsychological model's premise of a bilateral relationship between schemas and emotion recognition, both of which may play a substantial role in the etiology of depression.
Advisors/Committee Members: Malcolm-Smith, Susan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Harding, S. (2015). Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13691
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Harding, Steven. “Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13691.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Harding, Steven. “Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Harding S. Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13691.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Harding S. Does mood induction elicit emotion recognition biases? : an empirical study with implications for depression research. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13691
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
2.
Mahomed, Aqeela.
Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13690
► Background and aims. Executive function (EF), defined as a set of interrelated skills and behavioural competencies required for independent, purposeful, goal-directed activity, are particularly susceptible…
(more)
▼ Background and aims. Executive function (EF), defined as a set of interrelated skills and behavioural competencies required for independent, purposeful, goal-directed activity, are particularly susceptible to impairment following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Despite this knowledge, data concerning the rehabilitation of executive dysfunction in pediatric populations is lacking to date. A Goal Management Training (GMT) intervention, based on Duncan et al.’s (1996) theory of goal neglect, has been successfully implemented for the remediation of EF in adults. The current study adapted the GMT to a healthy South African sample and evaluated the efficacy in a pediatric TBI sample. Method. The study comprised of 3 parts. Part 1 involved the translation and adaptation of the pediatric GMT (pGMT) intervention so that it was suitable for use with South African children. This included the implementation of various health professionals’ evaluations of these adaptations. Part 2 involved evaluating the pGMT by implementing the programme with 3 healthy control participants. Lastly, Part 3 involved evaluating the efficacy of the revised pGMT with 3 children who had sustained a moderate to severe TBIs. For Parts 2 and 3 I employed a multiple case study approach. Data for parts 2 and 3 were analyzed using the Reliable Change Index (RCI; Jacobson & Truax, 1991) . The RCI distinguished between three levels of change, each at confidence levels of 68.2%, 95% and 99%. Outcomes were based on neuropsychological test outcomes, changes in everyday behaviour, self-report measures, and reports from parents and teachers. Results. Regarding the cognitive measures for the TBI group, all three participants did not show improvement on the same domains. Positive changes from pre- to post-intervention on a number of attention and executive function measures at confidence intervals of 68.26% to 99% were evident. Regarding the behavioural measures parents/guardians and/or teachers reported significant positive changes for all of the participants on at least one index at confidence intervals of 68.26% to 99%. In terms of real world generalization, only one participant’s teacher and parents commented on her improvements academically, behaviourally, and socially. No significant real world behavioural changes were reported for the other two participants. Results indicated that the adapted pGMT was successfully applied to the South African context for both healthy and TBI samples, although levels of success, in terms of post-intervention outcomes, varied with each TBI individual. Conclusions. These results suggest that the pGMT intervention could be an efficacious cognitive rehabilitation tool for the remediation of everyday behaviours associated 9 with executive dysfunction in South Africa. However, the variability in the results do not provide conclusive evidence at this stage. Individual, injury-related and familial factors need to be considered and may affect outcome. In addition, limitations such as the small sample size and uncontrolled…
Advisors/Committee Members: Schrieff-Elson, Leigh (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Mahomed, A. (2015). Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mahomed, Aqeela. “Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mahomed, Aqeela. “Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Mahomed A. Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13690.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Mahomed A. Rehabilitation of executive functioning following pediatric traumatic brain injury: evaluating a goal management training intervention. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13690
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
3.
Dodge, Lydia.
Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2019, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30832
► Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity among children and adolescents all over the world and studies suggest…
(more)
▼ Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity among children and adolescents all over the world and studies suggest a higher incidence of pediatric TBI (pTBI), as well as poorer post-TBI outcomes, in countries with extreme levels of socioeconomic inequality such as South Africa. pTBI leads to a multitude of long-term adverse outcomes in a wide range of domains and in general, a dose-response pattern is evident. Multiple acute and post-acute stage predictors of outcome have been investigated, however acute stage neurological and neurosurgical variables are relatively absent from this knowledge base. This study was conducted to better understand the heterogeneity in outcomes of pTBI: it aimed to investigate the nature and severity of neuropsychological deficits in pTBI patients one year after injury and to investigate the association between acute stage physiological changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) and brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) and neuropsychological outcomes one year after pTBI. Results of the study indicated that children who sustained TBI performed significantly poorer than healthy, matched controls on multiple cognitive, behavioural and quality of life domains, however, neither acute ICP nor PbtO2 reliably predicted within-TBI group performance. The results of the study emphasise the poor relationship of ICP and PbtO2, and the complexity of the relationship between acute physiological variables and outcomes after pTBI. Further studies of this kind should be done on large sample sizes and include multiple physiological variables.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schrieff, Leigh (advisor), Figaji, Anthony (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Dodge, L. (2019). Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. (Masters Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30832
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dodge, Lydia. “Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30832.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dodge, Lydia. “Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Dodge L. Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30832.
Council of Science Editors:
Dodge L. Investigating the effects of acute intracranial pressure and brain oxygenation on neuropsychological outcomes 12 months after severe pediatric traumatic brain injury. [Masters Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30832
University of Cape Town
4.
Jansen van Vuuren, Anica.
Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2014, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12883
► Asymmetry in the vasculature arising from the human aortic arch seems the obvious place to look for an anatomical basis for lateralized cerebral functions, but…
(more)
▼ Asymmetry in the vasculature arising from the human aortic arch seems the obvious place to look for an anatomical basis for lateralized cerebral functions, but this relationship has never systematically been investigated. This study explored the relationship between handedness and the anatomical and hemodynamic characteristics of the carotid arteries, analysing potential asymmetries between the left and right common, internal and external carotid arteries in leftha-nded versus right-handed individuals. The study is separated into two chapters: geometric (n = 199) and hemodynamic (n = 234). A revised version of the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory classified all participants into relevant handedness preference categories. For the geometric study, detailed measurements of the common carotid arteries in computed tomography angiography scans were obtained using Radiant DICOM Viewer (64-bit) imaging software. Selected geometric parameters of the vessels measured included minimum, mean, and maximum diameters, length, angle and calculated resistance to blood flow. Cases of unconventional branching patterns were analysed separately. For the hemodynamic study, Speed and Accuracy Target Tests quantified the participants’ handedness performance. Doppler ultrasound was performed using the Vivid i GE Ultrasound system, on the common, internal and external carotid arteries. Hemodynamic parameters of the Doppler waveform were recorded, including Peak systolic and end-diastolic velocity, Resistive index, Pulsatility index, volume flow rate, and vessel diameter. The data was analysed with mixed design ANOVAs, discriminant function analyses, multiple regressions, and paired and independent t-tests, to investigate the asymmetries and predictive properties of the measured variables
Advisors/Committee Members: Solms, Mark (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Jansen van Vuuren, A. (2014). Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12883
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jansen van Vuuren, Anica. “Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch.” 2014. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12883.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jansen van Vuuren, Anica. “Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Jansen van Vuuren A. Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12883.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Jansen van Vuuren A. Handedness and the geometry and hemodynamics of the branches of the aortic arch. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12883
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
5.
Ockhuizen, Helen Ju-Reyn.
The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2014, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12881
► Adolescents are at risk for antisocial behaviour as well as for sustaining traumatic brain injuries (TBI; Moffitt, 1993; Williams, Cordan, Mewse, Tonks & Burgess, 2010).…
(more)
▼ Adolescents are at risk for antisocial behaviour as well as for sustaining traumatic brain injuries (TBI; Moffitt, 1993; Williams, Cordan, Mewse, Tonks & Burgess, 2010). International literature has long made known the explicit link that exists between TBI and delinquent behavior (Eslinger, Flaherty-Craig, & Benton, 2004; S. Anderson, Bechara, Damasio, Tranel, & Damasio, 1999). The onset of antisocial behaviour post-TBI may not be surprising given the vulnerability of the frontal lobes in sustaining such an injury. Considering the strong overlap between the behaviour of offenders and the behavioural outcomes of sustaining TBIs, the high prevalence rates of TBI in offending populations is not surprising (Perron & Howard, 2008; Slaughter, Fann, & Ehde, 2003; Turkstra, Jones, & Toler, 2003; Williams et al., 2010). In this study, I investigate the prevalence of TBI in an offending population and the overlap between offending behaviour and outcomes of sustaining TBIs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Elson, Leigh Schrieff (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Ockhuizen, H. J. (2014). The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12881
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ockhuizen, Helen Ju-Reyn. “The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders.” 2014. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12881.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ockhuizen, Helen Ju-Reyn. “The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ockhuizen HJ. The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12881.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ockhuizen HJ. The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and an investigation of behavioural and executive functioning outcomes (among those who have sustained TBIs) in a sample of male young offenders. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12881
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
6.
Stephen, Dale C.
Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2016, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22736
► While Rugby Union has worldwide popularity, with over 5 million registered and nonregistered players participating every year, the game lends itself to a high incidence…
(more)
▼ While Rugby Union has worldwide popularity, with over 5 million registered and nonregistered players participating every year, the game lends itself to a high incidence of concussion among players. Rugby players, more so than that recorded for any other contact sport, including American Football, are also more frequently exposed to head collisions not resulting in concussion (i.e., subconcussive head injuries). Despite some evidence for a potential association between such injuries and acute neurological and neuropsychological difficulties, which may at times persist among some players, overt symptoms still guide the initial on-field response for further concussion management to be initiated. The aim of this study was threefold: 1) to investigate the relationship between rugby players' history of concussion and neuropsychological outcomes, 2) to explore the use of a head impact telemetry (HIT) device in describing high-impact head collisions (and potentially subconcussive injuries), and 3) to explore the relationship between that HIT data and neuropsychological outcomes. Study 1 investigated differences between non-contact sport participants (n = 23) and rugby players with (Rugby Concussed; n = 31), and without a history of concussion (Rugby Not Concussed; n = 26) in a baseline cognitive assessment. Results showed that at the beginning of the rugby season there were no differences in cognitive abilities at a group level; a more severe concussion history was largely not associated with a poorer performance on these cognitive outcomes. Study 2 was a pilot study utilising the xPatch to objectively capture a rugby player's exposure to head impacts in an amateur rugby team (UCT IRL team; n = 8). Although the majority of impacts captured were of a 'mild' severity, there were many acceleration forces, particularly rotational accelerations, recorded above an injury threshold potentially implicated with concussion. Following from this, Study 3 used a prospective and repeated-measures design with the same UCT IRL team, to evaluate a means for investigating a player's neuropsychological vulnerability to high-impact subconcussive head injuries. Using correlational analyses, the Reliable Change Index (RCI) and head collision data from Study 2, there was a lack of evidence to indicate that player's increased exposure to repeated high-impact head collisions results in a generally poorer neuropsychological performance. However, a number of test practice effects are noted. Combined, these findings suggest that (a) identifying possible enduring neuropsychological difficulties retrospectively is limited, and issues such as test-practice effects and test sensitivity should be considered in future, preferably prospective studies, (b) rugby players are vulnerable to sustaining multiple high-impact subconcussive head injuries and the data suggests utility in including HIT like the xPatch, and (c) that implementing a multi-faceted protocol for monitoring rugby players' that negates a reliance on concussion diagnosis is necessary to better…
Advisors/Committee Members: Schrieff-Elson, Leigh (advisor), Thomas, Kevin (advisor), Figaji, Anthony (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Stephen, D. C. (2016). Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22736
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stephen, Dale C. “Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town.” 2016. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22736.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stephen, Dale C. “Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Stephen DC. Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22736.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Stephen DC. Investigating history of concussion and data from head impact telemetry (xPatch) in relation to neuropsychological outcomes in a sample of adult rugby players in Cape Town. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22736
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
7.
Swanepoel, Tarah.
Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2013, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12356
► Life History Theory (LHT) predicts that natural selection favours a degree of developmental plasticity when it comes to sexual strategies and mating displays. Individuals should…
(more)
▼ Life History Theory (LHT) predicts that natural selection favours a degree of developmental plasticity when it comes to sexual strategies and mating displays. Individuals should develop a faster life history strategy (showing, for example, higher mating effort and a preference for a variety of mates) when they are raised in a relatively unstable environment with high extrinsic mortality. In contrast, individuals should develop a slower life history strategy (showing, for example, lower mating effort and a preference for investment in longterm parenting) when they are raised in a relatively stable environment with low extrinsic mortality. Most previous research examining predictions derived from LHT regarding sexual strategies and mating displays has used survey designs and self-report instruments exclusively. The current study represents a departure from such designs in that I used a quasiexperimental design to examine sexual strategies and mating displays in virtual chatrooms, and to test LHT-based predictions about those strategies and displays. Specifically, I tested the hypotheses that, in the chatrooms, individuals would adopt sexual strategies and mating displays reflective of their different life history strategies, and that these behaviours would manifest in the virtual world much like they have been documented to manifest in the real world. I used the Mini-K Short Form questionnaire, a 20-item instrument designed to measure both cognitive and behavioural aspects of life history strategy, to designate undergraduate males (n = 44) and females (n = 47) as having either a fast or a slow life history. Ten separate groups of these participants, each featuring 3-5 men and 4-5 women, then interacted in separate 1-hour online chat sessions. Results showed that LHS accurately predicted the ways in which male and female participants engaged with one another. Furthermore, men that remained consistent in their LHS presentation (i.e., they behaved in ways consistent with what their LHS predicted they should) were more popular among women than men who were not consistent in this presentation. These results demonstrate the power of evolutionary-based theories of sexual interaction to predict sexual strategies and mating displays in online settings. Further, the 'pure' environment of the online platform, without extraneous real-world constraints, provided an opportunity to document and examine sexual strategies and mating displays in new and exciting ways.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Kevin G F (advisor), Wolf, Pedro S A (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Swanepoel, T. (2013). Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12356
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Swanepoel, Tarah. “Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective.” 2013. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12356.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Swanepoel, Tarah. “Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective.” 2013. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Swanepoel T. Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12356.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Swanepoel T. Young adults' sexual strategies and mating displays in the virtual world: an evolutionary perspective. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12356
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
8.
Dollman, Aimee.
Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2014, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12760
► Children who have sustained severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) demonstrate a range of deficits in neurocognitive and behavioural domains (Anderson, Northam, Hendy, &Wrennall, 2001; Babikian…
(more)
▼ Children who have sustained severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) demonstrate a range of deficits in neurocognitive and behavioural domains (Anderson, Northam, Hendy, &Wrennall, 2001; Babikian & Asarnow, 2009; van’t Hooft, 2010). These impairments may have adverse effects on academic and behavioural outcomes and can therefore interfere with school re-entry, educational progress, and ultimately, quality of life of the injured child (Anderson & Yeates, 2010; Keenan & Bratton, 2006; Lallo & van As, 2004). Pre-injury characteristics may increase risk for, and play a role in, TBI outcome, however, many studies exclude children with known adverse premorbid functioning (Dennis et al., 2007; Farmer etal., 2002). There are also dearth of published studies incorporating a variety of factors affecting outcome (e.g., socio economic status (SES), age at injury, time since injury, premorbid functioning, family environment) as well as academic and/or behavioural outcome variables in the same study generally. The broad aim of the study was therefore to contribute to the existing pediatric TBI (pTBI) literature on outcomes and factors influencing outcomes. In this study, I focused on investigating both academic and behavioural outcomes in a group of South African children of school-going age who had sustained a severe TBI. This study includes two parts. For the first part of the study, the aim was to explore the relationship between commonly reported factors that influence outcome after TBI (premorbid functioning, age at injury, time since injury, family environment and SES), and academic and behavioural outcome. For the second part of the study, the aim was to investigate the specific role of premorbid functioning in academic and behavioural outcome. The sample included 27 children who had been admitted to Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RXH) and received intracranial monitoring for closed severe TBI between 2006-2011, who were of school-going age at the time of the injury. In terms of part one of the study, the results show elevated problems with academic outcome, and behavioural and executive functioning in the sample. The results also show that in this sample, factors such as family environment and premorbid functioning are particularly important with regards outcome in the home environment; while factors such as age at injury, family environment and SES play more of a role within the classroom environment.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schrieff-Elson, Leigh (advisor), Figaji, Anthony (advisor), Wolf, Pedro (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Dollman, A. (2014). Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12760
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dollman, Aimee. “Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury.” 2014. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12760.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dollman, Aimee. “Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Dollman A. Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12760.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Dollman A. Exploring factors that influence academic and behavioural outcome and the specific role of premorbid functioning, in a sample of children with severe traumatic brain injury. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12760
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
9.
King, Warren.
The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2018, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28354
► Despite the fact that nightmares occur with regularity in the general population, most previous research has focused on clinical samples, and the genesis of idiopathic…
(more)
▼ Despite the fact that nightmares occur with regularity in the general population, most previous research has focused on clinical samples, and the genesis of idiopathic nightmares remains poorly understood. The aim of the present research was therefore to investigate the neuropsychological mechanisms of idiopathic bad dream and nightmare generation, with a particular focus on the limbic system. High versus low levels of limbic activation and its effect on the frequency of dream, bad dream, and nightmare recall, characteristics, and content were investigated using retrospective and prospective measures. Psychosocial stress – a phenomenon which increases activity in the limbic system – and its relationship to bad dreams and nightmares was also investigated, using questionnaires and a prospective dream diary study. Oral contraceptive use was included as a moderator variable as previous research has indicated that this may temper reactions to stress. The general hypothesis that greater activation of the limbic system results in a greater frequency of recall of bad dreams and nightmares, and also results in more negative dream content, was confirmed. It was also found that external factors which increase limbic activation such as psychosocial stress lead to a greater recall of bad dreams and nightmares. Although oral contraceptive use did not moderate the relationship between stress and bad dream and nightmare recall frequency, more generally positive dream content was found in users of oral contraceptives compared to non-users. Taken together, the results of the studies indicate that similar neuropsychological mechanisms may underlie the formation of idiopathic nightmares and nightmares in clinical conditions, and also that increased levels of limbic activation may result most commonly in negative dream content.
Advisors/Committee Members: Solms, Mark (advisor), Thomas, Kevin (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: psychology; neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
King, W. (2018). The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28354
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
King, Warren. “The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation.” 2018. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28354.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
King, Warren. “The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation.” 2018. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
King W. The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28354.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
King W. The association of limbic system activation with dream, bad dream and nightmare generation. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28354
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
10.
Kwiatkowski, Maja Anna.
Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717
► Methamphetamine use among pregnant women is an increasing problem in South Africa. The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to examine the possible neurotoxic…
(more)
▼ Methamphetamine use among pregnant women is an increasing problem in South Africa. The aim of this cross-sectional exploratory study was to examine the possible neurotoxic effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) on cognition and the developing brain in a sample of affected children in Cape Town, South Africa. Thus, this is a two-part study: the first part examines the effects of PME on neuropsychological outcomes, and the second part examines the effects of PME on intrinsic functional brain connectivity. Children with PME (n = 23) and unexposed controls (n = 22) completed a battery of neurocognitive assessments, and a smaller sub-sample (n = 36; 19 children with PME, 17 unexposed controls) also underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Independent samples t-tests revealed that children with PME scored significantly more poorly on measures of IQ, learning and memory, confrontation naming, visual-motor integration, and fine motor co-ordination, when compared to controls. Hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that PME has a significant effect on cognitive performance, and that this effect largely withstands the effects of potentially confounding sociodemographic and anthropometric variables. Independent component analyses revealed significant betweengroup differences in functional brain networks detected in task-free RS-fMRI in children with PME. Specifically, there is evidence for compromised connectivity within and between the basal ganglia network and default mode network in children with PME. Overall, the findings contribute to the small but growing literature on the cognitive effects of PME. The current study is the first to document preliminary evidence indicating aberrant intrinsic functional brain connectivity in children with PME, and suggests that further investigation of potential associations between particular neurocognitive deficits and such aberrant connectivity might be warranted.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Kevin (advisor), Roos, Annerine (advisor), Ipser, Jonathan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Kwiatkowski, M. A. (2015). Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kwiatkowski, Maja Anna. “Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kwiatkowski, Maja Anna. “Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kwiatkowski MA. Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kwiatkowski MA. Effects of methamphetamine on prenatally exposed children in Cape Town: cognition and intrinsic functional brain connectivity. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13717
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
11.
Carter, Kirsty.
The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2019, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160
► Although social deficits are a defining feature in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), not enough is known about the origin and impact of these impairments. Current…
(more)
▼ Although social deficits are a defining feature in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), not enough is known about the origin and impact of these impairments. Current research agrees that deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM) contribute to the social disconnectedness evident in children with ASD. Furthermore, studies in neurotypical populations have found significant links between attachment security and ToM acquisition, and some have posited parenting behaviours as predictors of social development. Less is known about these construct in children with ASD. This study aimed to form a foundational view of the relationships between parenting style, attachment, and Theory of Mind development in a sample of ASD children compared to a sample of neurotypical children. 80 parent-child pairs were included in the study. The sample was comprised of 40 verbal children with an ASD diagnosis and 40 neurotypical children. Children between the ages of 6 and 16 years were included in the study. Parenting style and attachment were measured using scaled response parent-report questionnaires while ToM was assessed using the University of Cape Town Theory of Mind Battery. ASD diagnoses were confirmed using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS2). Results showed that while both the ASD group and the neurotypical group reported significantly more Authoritative parenting than the other two styles (Authoritarian and Permissive), there was also more of the less positive parenting styles reported in the ASD group. Furthermore, none of the three parenting styles in question were significant predictors of Theory of Mind. The results further indicated that the ASD group reported less secure attachment, and also more insecure attachment (Ambivalent and Avoidant) than the neurotypical group. Attachment classification, specifically insecure attachment, showed to be a significant predictor of Theory of Mind. Associations between parenting style and attachment showed different patterns in the ASD sample compared to the neurotypical sample. Results, limitations, and futher directions were also discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Malcolm-Smith, Susan (advisor), Hamilton Kate (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: clinical neuropsychology
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Carter, K. (2019). The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder. (Masters Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Carter, Kirsty. “The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Carter, Kirsty. “The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Carter K. The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160.
Council of Science Editors:
Carter K. The relationship between childhood attachment, parenting styles and social development in autism spectrum disorder. [Masters Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31160
University of Cape Town
12.
Madadi, Nazanin.
Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2008, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11648
► This study finds that our patients do indeed have the same QOL, and that we should therefore be able to apply the European findings here.…
(more)
▼ This study finds that our patients do indeed have the same QOL, and that we should therefore be able to apply the European findings here. Measuring QOL alone, however, gives us very general information which is not sufficient for our study. The second aim of this research is to compare different aspects of QOL in AD, as this has not been researched before. This knowledge should help clinicians to recognise QOL impairment better, which will enable modifiable risk factors to be adjusted with early intervention. (For example, psychological impairment can be reduced with counselling.) This study also finds that some AD patients who suffer a combination of other autoimmune diseases have a lower QOL. The main instrument used for this research was the Rotterdam QOL questionnaire.
Advisors/Committee Members: Solms, Mark (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA ·
Chicago ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Madadi, N. (2008). Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11648
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Madadi, Nazanin. “Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context.” 2008. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11648.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Madadi, Nazanin. “Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context.” 2008. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Madadi N. Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11648.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Madadi N. Assessing the effect of Addison's disease on patient quality of life within the South African context. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11648
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
13.
Macfarlane, Robert.
A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2006, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11797
► This study explores the short term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting. Participants were assessed cognitively using specific neuropsychological tests used to…
(more)
▼ This study explores the short term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminalcoronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting. Participants were assessed cognitively using specific neuropsychological tests used to measure performance in the seven cognitive domains. Forty people took part in the study, with twenty of them making up the stented group, and twenty of them making up the control group. The stented group were assessed a few days before, and then a few weeks after their procedures. The control group were simply assessed whenever they agreed to participate, and then again a few weeks later. There were ten males and ten females in each group. The participants were all between the ages of 34 and 75, and the sample had an average age of 57. The researchers were given access to patients at Groote Schuur Hospital and Gatesville Medical Centre. Analysis of variance was used in order to assess differences between the groups with respect to changes in cognitive performance in all seven cognitive domains. Results indicated that there were not significant differences between the groups, with respect to changes in cognitive performance between the first and second interviews.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ameen, Ozayr (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology
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APA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Macfarlane, R. (2006). A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11797
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Macfarlane, Robert. “A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting.” 2006. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11797.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Macfarlane, Robert. “A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting.” 2006. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Macfarlane R. A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2006. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11797.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Macfarlane R. A study on the short-term cognitive outcome of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with intra-coronary stenting. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11797
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
14.
Meiring, Landi-Chantel.
Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2017, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661
► Few research studies have investigated the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on reading ability and/or on phonological processing. Most published studies have only included…
(more)
▼ Few research studies have investigated the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) on reading ability and/or on phonological processing. Most published studies have only included measures of single-word reading. This choice means those studies may lack ecological validity in that they might not have adequately captured the real-life reading difficulties experienced by individuals with PAE. Furthermore, only a handful have considered the possible mediating roles of those higher-order cognitive functions (e.g., working memory (WM)) that are known to be affected by PAE. The current research employed an extensive battery of phonological processing measures, as well as a reading test that featured measures of reading accuracy, reading rate, and comprehension. A sample of 159 children between 9 and 14 years of age, with varying degrees of PAE, including heavily exposed children and non- or minimally-exposed controls, were tested. The design also considered the potential for a mediating role of WM on performances on these tests. Overall, results showed performance deficits in children with either fetal alcohol syndrome or partial fetal alcohol syndrome on reading comprehension and on four measures of phonological processing, after control for potential confounders. Additional analyses showed that performance within all five of these reading-related domains were at least partially mediated by WM performance. I discuss these results in the context of previous findings in this literature, and describe their implications for reading interventions in children and adolescents with PAE.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Kevin G F (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Meiring, L. (2017). Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Meiring, Landi-Chantel. “Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory.” 2017. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Meiring, Landi-Chantel. “Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory.” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Meiring L. Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Meiring L. Prenatal alcohol exposure-related reading and phonological processing deficits mediated by working memory. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27661
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
15.
Stephens, Marina Anne.
Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT).
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2016, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621
► ASD has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 68, making it one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Furthermore, its prevalence is increasing;…
(more)
▼ ASD has an estimated prevalence of 1 in 68, making it one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children. Furthermore, its prevalence is increasing; therefore, there is a rising demand for screening tools to help achieve beneficial early diagnosis and intervention outcomes. However, there is a lack of literature around ASD and ASD screening tool validity in South Africa. This thesis adapted and assessed the use of South African English, Afrikaans and IsiXhosa versions of the 23-item Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) screening tool, for a Western Cape state hospital. The M-CHAT was completed by parents (N=255) of children between the ages of 1.5 and 4.99 years, at the Red Cross Children's Hospital developmental clinic. The demographic variables of Child's Age or Sex, Income and Mothers Education did not significantly affect the M-CHAT scores. Furthermore, on qualitative inspection, neither Home language nor Ethnicity of the child appeared to affect the screening scores. Final M-CHAT scores and high internal consistencies were similar across the three M-CHAT language versions, likely indicating their equivalence in flagging ASD. Even the extended age range (4.01-4.99 years) included in this study, did not appear to affect the M-CHAT scores. The M-CHAT follow-up interview was important in determining the ASD risk outcome. Overall, 67% failed the M-CHAT initially, thus requiring follow-up questioning, and of those, 40% changed their outcome and subsequently passed. Interestingly, filling out the M-CHAT in a first or second language did not affect the percentage requiring the follow-up nor the proportions changing their outcome after follow-up. The items which were poor or good discriminators between those eventually passing or failing overall were investigated. The good discriminating items were not necessarily the same as the originally suggested critical items. Thus, new critical items and the possible removal of unnecessary items for this context may need further investigation. For phase 2, a small subgroup (n=38) filling in the English M-CHAT took part in formal ASD diagnostic assessments, using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS/ADOS-2). Preliminary investigations into the English M-CHAT's predictive abilities are promising. A cut-off of 3/23 items overall indicates high sensitivity (.84) and adequate specificity (.69). The adapted cut-off of 1/6 critical items results in good sensitivity (.76) and high specificity (.92). The promising results warrant further investigations into the predictive validity of all 3 language versions of the M-CHAT. This thesis takes the first steps in validating the use of the M-CHAT in this low SES context and indicates positive prospects for its future use in state clinics in the Western Cape, and ultimately South Africa.
Advisors/Committee Members: Malcolm-Smith, Susan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Stephens, M. A. (2016). Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Stephens, Marina Anne. “Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT).” 2016. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Stephens, Marina Anne. “Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT).” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Stephens MA. Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Stephens MA. Screening for autism spectrum disorders in a developmental clinic in the Western Cape : using the modified checklist for autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/20621
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
16.
Hamilton, Katie.
An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2014, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321
► Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable prevalent pervasive developmental disorder. All cases have deficits in social communication and interaction and in restricted and…
(more)
▼ Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a highly heritable prevalent pervasive developmental disorder. All cases have deficits in social communication and interaction and in restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests. The mechanisms underlying different clinical presentations remain elusive. Deficits in Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to understand that others have mental states independent of one's own, have been suggested as a possibly underlying the socia l deficits in ASD. The serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism (5 - HTTLPR) has been implicated in ASD, and as serotonin is implicated in social functioning more generally, it is possible that 5 - HTTLPR could underlie social functioning in ASD. As such, ToM and 5 - HTTLPR have been implicated in ASD, and specifically as underlying the social deficits typical of this disorder. This protocol assessed core ASD symptoms (i.e. deficits in social communication and interaction, and impairment in restricted and repetitive behaviours and interests) in 69 children with ASD between the ages of 7 and 14 years. The Autism Social Skills Profile, Social Communication Questionnaire, and Repetitive Behavior Scale - Revised assessed these symptoms. 5 - HTTLPR genotypes were established for 55 of these children. ToM was comprehensively assessed in 57 of the children using the University of Cape Town Autism Research Group's Theory of Mind Battery. This protocol is the first is a series of studies assessing the biological bases for social deficits in ASD. One of the main aims was to pilot the use of ASD scales in a local sample. The preliminary analyses assessed the performance of these scales. This data was also used to assess whether the new DSM - 5's merging of social communication and social interaction into a single domain was supported. Study One then assessed for possible relationships between 5 - HTTLPR and cores ASD symptoms, and hypothesised that the 5 - HTTLPR genotype with the most reduced serotonergic transmission woul d relate to increased deficits in social communication and interaction. Study Two explored possible relationships between core ASD symptoms and ToM, and between 5 - HTTLPR and ToM. It was expected that impairment in social communication and interaction would correlation with reduced ToM ability, and that ToM would be most impaired in children with the genotype with the most reduced serotonergic transmission. Preliminary analyses found the scales did not perform well in a local sample. This was likely due to cultural, socio - economic, and educational factors. The bluntness of the scales 13 and broad nature of ASD characteristics likely also contributed. The DSM - 5's diagnostic criteria were supported. Study One and Study Two found no relationships between core ASD symptoms, ToM, and 5 - HTTLPR. Core ASD symptoms were assessed very broadly and it was not possible to establish clear phenotypes for the participants, which likely undermined analyses. At most this protocol showed that broad assessment of core ASD symptoms is not…
Advisors/Committee Members: Malcolm-Smith, Susan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Hamilton, K. (2014). An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hamilton, Katie. “An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism.” 2014. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hamilton, Katie. “An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hamilton K. An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Hamilton K. An exploration of the relationship between autism spectrum disorders, theory of mind and the serotonin transporter promoter length polymorphism. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/24321
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
17.
Gartner, Yvonne.
Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2014, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455
► The content of dreams of children aged between three and five years old has been the topic of ongoing debate in past dream research. The…
(more)
▼ The content of dreams of children aged between three and five years old has been the topic of ongoing debate in past dream research. The bulk of this research was conducted by Foulkes (1982, 1999), who concluded that children of this age group experience impoverished dreams with little emotional content, an absence of active self-participation, and a lack of kinematic imagery (i.e., mental representations of movement, activities and interactions). These conclusions were based on the brief and mundane dream reports provided by children during his 1982 longitudinal laboratory study. However, Foulkes’ research did not test the children’s memory skills and ability to narrate an event, and did not compare these to the dream reports the children produced. The importance of memory skills and narrative ability as potential confounds when studying children’s dreams has been postulated in existing literature. In view of the findings of past studies on young children’s dreams and their cognitive capacity for dreaming, the present study re-examined the quantitative and qualitative features of dream reports of children aged three to five years old. The present study included parameters of testing memory skills and narrative ability to analyse whether these confound the dream report findings, and if so, whether one can draw any firm conclusions about dreams based on a dream report provided by the children.
Advisors/Committee Members: Solms, Mark, Malcolm-Smith, Susan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Gartner, Y. (2014). Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gartner, Yvonne. “Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5.” 2014. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gartner, Yvonne. “Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Gartner Y. Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Gartner Y. Immature recall ability in dream reporting with children aged 3-5. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13455
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
18.
Lanesman, Talia.
Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2015, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716
► Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an international public health concern, particularly in lowand middle-income countries. Children who sustain TBIs typically have attentional difficulties, which disrupt…
(more)
▼ Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an international public health concern, particularly in lowand
middle-income countries. Children who sustain TBIs typically have attentional
difficulties, which disrupt the development and functioning of other cognitive, behavioural,
and social skills. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of
implementing an attention-training program for children who have sustained moderate-tosevere
TBI in South Africa, and to compare the efficacy of the program in two clinical
samples: children with TBI and children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
(ADHD). Fifteen children aged 6 to 8 who sustained TBIs at least a year before were
recruited to form three groups: a TBI Intervention Group (n=5), a TBI Art Group (n=5)
and a TBI Control Group (n=5). Five children who had been diagnosed with ADHD formed
the ADHD Intervention Group. Children in the two Intervention Groups participated in the
‘Pay Attention!’ program (originally designed to assist children with ADHD) for 45 minutes
twice a week for 12 weeks. All children underwent neuropsychological testing pre- and postintervention
and behavioural data was collected from parents and teachers. Between- and
within-group analyses showed that children in the TBI Intervention group did not show
overall significant improvements in attention. However, children in the ADHD Intervention
Group showed individual attentional improvements on measures of the CPT-II, as well as
secondary gains in verbal memory. Nevertheless, implementing a cognitive rehabilitation
intervention in South Africa is feasible and necessary, despite limited infrastructure and
access to resources. Further research is required to better tailor interventions to the needs of
children with TBIs.
Advisors/Committee Members: Schrieff-Elson, Leigh (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lanesman, T. (2015). Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lanesman, Talia. “Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa.” 2015. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lanesman, Talia. “Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lanesman T. Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lanesman T. Implementation of an attention training program with children who have sustained traumatic brain injuries in South Africa. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13716
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
19.
Subramoney, Sivenesi.
The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2016, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949
► Research suggests that people feel more empathy for racial in-group compared to racial outgroup members, and in some circumstances, are more likely to help racial…
(more)
▼ Research suggests that people feel more empathy for racial in-group compared to racial outgroup members, and in some circumstances, are more likely to help racial in- than out-group members. Furthermore, there is evidence that cognitive load may also attenuate helping behavior. Research is yet to establish the influence of both racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping, however. In this study, a sample of 104 women (52 Black and 52 White) completed either a Low or a High cognitive load task and then viewed video clips depicting racial in- and out-group members in distress. I measured participants' selfreported empathy, physiological activity, and willingness to help those in distress. The results did not show the expected racial bias in empathic responding, but rather, indicated heightened empathy (seen in both self-reported and physiological responses) for the Black target individual, regardless of participant race. Secondly, although cognitive load did not influence empathic responding, participants in the High Load condition were less likely to offer help than participants in the Low Load condition. Finally, correlation data suggest that racial group membership and cognitive load contributed to the associations between individual differences (i.e., in ethnic identification, motivations to respond without prejudice, and trait empathy), empathic responding, and helping behavior. Overall, the findings contribute to a growing literature on cross-racial empathy, and highlight the complex physiology underlying our empathy for others.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Kevin (advisor), Fourie, Melike Marethe (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Subramoney, S. (2016). The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Subramoney, Sivenesi. “The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour.” 2016. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Subramoney, Sivenesi. “The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Subramoney S. The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Subramoney S. The effects of racial group membership and cognitive load on empathy and helping behaviour. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22949
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cape Town
20.
Amod, Alyssa R.
Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation.
Degree: Image, Psychology, 2016, University of Cape Town
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950
► Certain forms of spatial navigation are centered, neuroanatomically, on the hippocampal formation, a brain structure vulnerable to increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Although…
(more)
▼ Certain forms of spatial navigation are centered, neuroanatomically, on the hippocampal formation, a brain structure vulnerable to increased levels of the stress hormone cortisol. Although empirical studies have identified a substantial sex difference, in favor of males, on laboratory-based spatial navigation tasks, little research has investigated whether, and how, these sex differences manifest under conditions of psychological or physiological stress. The current study aimed to resolve some of the inconsistencies in the literature, and to investigate the relations between stress and performance in male and female participants. The current study followed a mixed quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design in which men (n = 23) and women (n = 23) were tested on two separate days (the first day under control conditions and the second under stressful conditions). I utilized a novel stress induction paradigm (the Fear Factor Stress Test) that would produce both hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and autonomic nervous system activity in men and women, and created a spatial navigation virtual environment task that would allow for cue usage of both landmarks and gradients. Participants also completed the Card Rotations Test as an assessment of their mental rotation abilities. I hypothesized that (a) men would perform better on spatial navigation tasks than women on Day 1 (i.e., the control condition) despite the availability of landmark cues, and (b) stress would affect spatial navigation performance in women more than in men. Results suggested that the stressor used was effective in eliciting appropriate responses in both men and women, however women showed smaller cortisol increases than men, relative to baseline. Regarding the navigation task, under unstressed conditions men showed a steeper learning curve than women in an unchanged environment, and performed better than women only when a proximal landmark cue was removed from the environment. Furthermore, findings suggested that acute psychosocial stress enhanced navigational performance in men, but impaired such performance in women. Regarding the mental rotation task, no sex differences were observed under unstressed conditions; however, under the stressed condition men improved in their performance whereas women were relatively unaffected. It appears then that men's spatial ability might, under particular conditions and on particular tasks, be enhanced following exposure to a stressor. Furthermore, the pattern of results observed in the spatial navigation task suggests that the types of navigation-aiding cues in an environment (as well as location of these cues relative to the target) play a significant role in eliciting sex differences in navigational performance following exposure to a psychosocial stressor.
Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas, Kevin (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Clinical Neuropsychology
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Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Amod, A. R. (2016). Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Amod, Alyssa R. “Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation.” 2016. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Amod, Alyssa R. “Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Amod AR. Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Amod AR. Stress-induced sex differences in spatial naviagation. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22950
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
21.
Zulu, Happy.
Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1996
► Neuropsychological examination is an important way of formally assessing brain function. While there is so much documentation about the influence that some factors such as…
(more)
▼ Neuropsychological examination is an important way of formally assessing brain function. While there is so much documentation about the influence that some factors such as age and education has on neuropsychological tests (NP), not so much has been done to assess the influence that residency (rural/urban) may have. The specific objectives of this study were to establish if there is a significant difference in mean test scores on NP tests between rural and urban participants, to assess which tests on the Zambia Neurobehavioural Test Battery (ZNTB) are more affected by the participants' residency (rural/urban) and to determine the extent to which education, gender and age predict test performance on NP tests for rural and urban participants. The participants (324) were drawn from both urban and rural areas of Zambia (Rural =152 and Urban = 172). However, only 234 participants (Rural =152 and Urban 82) were used for all the analyses in this particular study. The 234 participants were used as the actual proportion of the rural vs urban population in Zambia was 65% : 35%, respectively (CSO, 2003). The rural-urban ratio for the participants that were captured during the data collection process was 152 : 172, respectively. Thus, all the rural participants (152) were included and 90 of the 172 urban participants were randomly excluded so that the rural/urban ratio reached the desired 65% : 35 % which was the required ideal statistic for appropriate representation of the actual population in Zambia. Data on NP tests were analyzed from 234 participants, rural (N=152) reflecting 65% and urban (N=82) reflecting 35%. T-tests indicated that urban participants had superior performances in all the seven NP tests domains and all the mean differences in all these domains were found to be statistically significant. Residency had a large or moderate effect in five domains, while its effect size was small only in two of the domains. A standard multiple regression revealed that education, age and residency as predictor variables made a significant contribution to variance in performance on various domains of the ZNTB. However, gender of participants was not a major factor in determining one's performance on neuropsychological tests. This particular report is part of an ongoing larger cutting-edge study aimed at formulating the normative data for Zambia with regard to performance on neuropsychological tests. This is necessary for appropriate, effective and efficient assessment or diagnosis of various neurocognitive and neurobehavioural deficits that a number of people may currently be suffering from. It has been shown in this study that it is vital to make careful analyses of the variables that may be associated with one's performance on neuropsychological tests.
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology – Research – Zambia;
Clinical – Neuropsychology – Research – Zambia
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Record Details
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Zulu, H. (2012). Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1996
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zulu, Happy. “Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1996.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zulu, Happy. “Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zulu H. Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1996.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zulu H. Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1996
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Zambia
22.
Zulu, Happy.
Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.
Degree: 2012, University of Zambia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1225
► Neuropsychological examination is an important way of formally assessing brain function. While there is so much documentation about the influence that some factors such as…
(more)
▼ Neuropsychological examination is an important way of formally assessing brain function. While there is so much documentation about the influence that some factors such as age and education has on neuropsychological tests (NP), not so much has been done to assess the influence that residency (rural/urban) may have. The specific objectives of this study were to establish if there is a significant difference in mean test scores on NP tests between rural and urban participants, to assess which tests on the Zambia Neurobehavioural Test Battery (ZNTB) are more affected by the participants‘ residency (rural/urban) and to determine the extent to which education, gender and age predict test performance on NP tests for rural and urban participants. The participants (324) were drawn from both urban and rural areas of Zambia (Rural = 152 and Urban = 172). However, only 234 participants (Rural = 152 and Urban 82) were used for all the analyses in this particular study. The 234 participants were used as the actual proportion of the rural vs urban population in Zambia was 65% : 35%, respectively (CSO, 2003). The rural-urban ratio for the participants that were captured during the data collection process was 152 : 172, respectively. Thus, all the rural participants (152) were included and 90 of the 172 urban participants were randomly excluded so that the rural/urban ratio reached the desired 65% : 35 % which was the required ideal statistic for appropriate representation of the actual population in Zambia. Data on NP tests were analyzed from 234 participants, rural (N=152) reflecting 65% and urban (N=82) reflecting 35%. T-tests indicated that urban participants had superior performances in all the seven NP tests domains and all the mean differences in all these domains were found to be statistically significant. Residency had a large or moderate effect in five domains, while its effect size was small only in two of the domains. A standard multiple regression revealed that education, age and residency as predictor variables made a significant contribution to variance in performance on various domains of the ZNTB. However, gender of participants was not a major factor in determining one‘s performance on neuropsychological tests. This particular report is part of an ongoing larger cutting-edge study aimed at formulating the normative data for Zambia with regard to performance on neuropsychological tests. This is necessary for appropriate, effective and efficient assessment or diagnosis of various neurocognitive and neurobehavioural deficits that a number of people may currently be suffering from. It has been shown in this study that it is vital to make careful analyses of the variables that may be associated with one‘s performance on neuropsychological tests.
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology – Research – Zambia;
Clinical – Neuropsychology – Research – Zambia
Record Details
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Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Zulu, H. (2012). Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. (Thesis). University of Zambia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1225
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zulu, Happy. “Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.” 2012. Thesis, University of Zambia. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1225.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zulu, Happy. “Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Zulu H. Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1225.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Zulu H. Performance of Rural and Urban Adult Participants on Neuropsychological tests in Zambia
. [Thesis]. University of Zambia; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1225
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
23.
Kaploun, Kristen.
Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2011, National Library of Canada
URL: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
► The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor to serotonin, on neuropsychological performance. A dietary method of…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study was to examine the
effects of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor to serotonin, on
neuropsychological performance. A dietary method of tryptophan
manipulation was employed to temporarily raise, lower, or maintain
circulating levels of tryptophan within the body, allowing the
resulting cognitive and affective sequelae to be measured. A total
of 73 participants (50 females, 23 males) completed this
mixed-design, double-blind study. Participants were quasi-randomly
assigned to one of three tryptophan conditions (augmented, depleted
or balanced) and were provided with breakfast, lunch and a snack. A
comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered 1.5
hours after completion of lunch. Analyses were conducted on each
gender separately. No significant results were found for females.
For the males, however, significant between-group differences were
found for the Rey-O delayed recall, with those in the Depletion
group scoring significantly higher than those in the Balanced or
Augmented conditions. Males in the Augmented condition also
performed better than those in the Balanced or Depleted condition
on the speed component of the Ruff 2 & 7 Selective Attention
Test. With regards to affect, males in the Augmented group
demonstrated a near-significant difference on the PANAS positive
affect scale on the fourth PANAS administration compared to those
in the Depleted group. These differences in positive affect levels
seem to be primarily driven by the trend in excitement levels
between males in the Augmented and Depleted conditions over time.
Results of this study support the hypothesis that dietary
manipulations aimed at altering tryptophan levels had an effect on
some cognitive tests and positive affect, at least with regards to
males.
Advisors/Committee Members: Abeare, Christopher (Psychology).
Subjects/Keywords: sychology; Clinical Neuropsychology.
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APA (6th Edition):
Kaploun, K. (2011). Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance. (Doctoral Dissertation). National Library of Canada. Retrieved from http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kaploun, Kristen. “Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, National Library of Canada. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kaploun, Kristen. “Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kaploun K. Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. National Library of Canada; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485.
Council of Science Editors:
Kaploun K. Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological
performance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. National Library of Canada; 2011. Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
24.
Iskandar, Sam.
Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2010, National Library of Canada
URL: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/34
► In this study, I examined intradindividual variability and time of day effects on verbal fluency and on the relationship of these short-term fluctuations to cognitive…
(more)
▼ In this study, I examined intradindividual
variability and time of day effects on verbal fluency and on the
relationship of these short-term fluctuations to cognitive aging.
Younger and older adults were equally consistent across four
testing sessions in terms of total words produced, number of
errors, mean cluster size, and number of switches. They also showed
comparable dispersion of performance within the task. An age
related shift in time of day in self-reported preference was found,
and it was associated with performance on category fluency (older
adults performed better in the morning, whereas younger adults
performed better in the evening). The results of this study suggest
that it is important to note time of day when testing clients or
research participants in different age groups, because age
differences in verbal fluency are likely to be exaggerated when
individuals from different age groups are tested during their
non-optimal time of day.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baird, Anne (Psychology).
Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; Clinical Neuropsychology.
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APA (6th Edition):
Iskandar, S. (2010). Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance. (Masters Thesis). National Library of Canada. Retrieved from http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/34
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Iskandar, Sam. “Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance.” 2010. Masters Thesis, National Library of Canada. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/34.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Iskandar, Sam. “Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance.” 2010. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Iskandar S. Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. National Library of Canada; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/34.
Council of Science Editors:
Iskandar S. Influence of Cognitive Aging on Intraindividual Variability
and Time of Day Effects in Verbal Fluency Performance. [Masters Thesis]. National Library of Canada; 2010. Available from: http://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/34
University of Windsor
25.
Kaploun, Kristen.
Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2011, University of Windsor
URL: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
► The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor to serotonin, on neuropsychological performance. A dietary method of…
(more)
▼ The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of tryptophan, the amino acid precursor to serotonin, on neuropsychological performance. A dietary method of tryptophan manipulation was employed to temporarily raise, lower, or maintain circulating levels of tryptophan within the body, allowing the resulting cognitive and affective sequelae to be measured. A total of 73 participants (50 females, 23 males) completed this mixed-design, double-blind study. Participants were quasi-randomly assigned to one of three tryptophan conditions (augmented, depleted or balanced) and were provided with breakfast, lunch and a snack. A comprehensive neuropsychological test battery was administered 1.5 hours after completion of lunch. Analyses were conducted on each gender separately. No significant results were found for females. For the males, however, significant between-group differences were found for the Rey-O delayed recall, with those in the Depletion group scoring significantly higher than those in the Balanced or Augmented conditions. Males in the Augmented condition also performed better than those in the Balanced or Depleted condition on the speed component of the Ruff 2 & 7 Selective Attention Test. With regards to affect, males in the Augmented group demonstrated a near-significant difference on the PANAS positive affect scale on the fourth PANAS administration compared to those in the Depleted group. These differences in positive affect levels seem to be primarily driven by the trend in excitement levels between males in the Augmented and Depleted conditions over time. Results of this study support the hypothesis that dietary manipulations aimed at altering tryptophan levels had an effect on some cognitive tests and positive affect, at least with regards to males.
Advisors/Committee Members: Abeare, Christopher (Psychology).
Subjects/Keywords: sychology; Clinical Neuropsychology.
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APA (6th Edition):
Kaploun, K. (2011). Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Windsor. Retrieved from https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kaploun, Kristen. “Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Windsor. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kaploun, Kristen. “Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kaploun K. Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Windsor; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485.
Council of Science Editors:
Kaploun K. Effects of tryptophan manipulation on neuropsychological performance. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Windsor; 2011. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/485
University of Ottawa
26.
Byron-Alhassan, Aziza.
State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors.
Degree: PhD, Sciences sociales / Social Sciences, 2020, University of Ottawa
URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-25254
► Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are at risk for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, which can cause a broad range of effects from death to subtle…
(more)
▼ Survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are at risk for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury, which can cause a broad range of effects from death to subtle cognitive impairment. This dissertation includes two studies of OHCA patients who had made good neurological recovery after OHCA. In both studies, patients were evaluated near the time of hospital discharge, when crucial decisions such as rehabilitation plans are made. In addition, OHCA survivors were compared with a myocardial infarction (MI) control group in both studies. Study 1 explored the frequency, severity, and predictors of cognitive dysfunction in OHCA survivors, and characterized the cognitive profile of these patients using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Study 2 explored grey matter volume (GMV) in OHCA survivors, MI patients, and healthy controls, and correlated these with cognitive dysfunction and important clinical characteristics (e.g., downtime). While OHCA patients performed poorer on cognitive testing than MI patients, both groups showed decreased GMVs compared to healthy controls. OHCA survivors who have had good neurological recovery may still face significant challenges when they re-engage in difficult cognitive tasks post-arrest. To date, these cognitive issues after OHCA have been somewhat overlooked in Canada's healthcare system. A better understanding of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury among survivors will aid in the promotion of targeted interventions and rehabilitation efforts, and may help clinicians predict those who are most at risk.
Advisors/Committee Members: Smith, Andra (supervisor).
Subjects/Keywords: cardiac arrest; neuropsychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Byron-Alhassan, A. (2020). State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-25254
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Byron-Alhassan, Aziza. “State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Ottawa. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-25254.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Byron-Alhassan, Aziza. “State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors.” 2020. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Byron-Alhassan A. State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Ottawa; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-25254.
Council of Science Editors:
Byron-Alhassan A. State of the Heart: Neurophysiological and Neuropsychological Sequelae of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest In Good Outcome Survivors. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Ottawa; 2020. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.20381/ruor-25254
University of Texas – Austin
27.
Winter, Amanda Lee.
Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Degree: PhD, Educational Psychology, 2011, University of Texas – Austin
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3784
► Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in children (Pui, 2000; Steen & Mirro, 2000; American Cancer Society, 2009; Westlake & Bertolone,…
(more)
▼ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in children (Pui, 2000; Steen & Mirro, 2000; American Cancer Society, 2009; Westlake & Bertolone, 2002). Modern advances in cancer treatment, such as combination chemotherapy (Ettinger, Bond, & Sievers, 2002; Rodman & Reed, 2009), have increased survivorship of ALL to nearly 85% (Westlake & Bertolone, 2002). This new population of ALL survivors is displaying a unique profile of cognitive late effects that are a result of the treatment (e.g. chemotherapy) which while effective in eradicating the disease, has neurotoxic properties (American Cancer Society, 2009). Late effects have been discovered in a variety of cognitive skills, including academic achievement, visual-spatial skills, and processing speed, but the most commonly seen late effects are in the areas of attention and memory (e.g. Askins & Moore, 2008; Cullen, Derrickson, & Potter, 2002; Leigh, 2000). While working memory is a skill that depends on both attention and memory (Baddeley 2000) and is important in both academic performance and life skills (Dark & Benbow, 1991; Geary, Hoard, & Hamson, 1999), it is relatively unstudied in this population.
The purpose of this study was to investigate working memory abilities in survivors of pediatric ALL. Working memory skills in this population were compared to both sample and population IQ. Comparisons of verbal and nonverbal working memory and male and female working memory skills were compared as well. First, working memory, as measured by a composite, was not found to be significantly impaired when compared to sample and population mean IQ. However, a single subtest, Digit Span Backward from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition (WISC-IV; Wechsler, 2003), when compared to IQ outside the composite, was found to be significantly below IQ for both the sample and population mean. Second, no gender differences were found for working memory abilities. Finally, there was no difference between nonverbal and verbal working memory performance. While the results were nonsignificant, verbal working memory was worse than nonverbal working memory, which was the opposite of the hypothesized pattern. Implications, recommendations, and limitations of this study are discussed in detail.
Advisors/Committee Members: Robillard, Rachel West (advisor), Carlson, Cindy I., 1949- (advisor), Keith, Timothy (committee member), Allen, Greg (committee member), Mercer, Walt (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Neuropsychology; Pediatrics; Cancer
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Winter, A. L. (2011). Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3784
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Winter, Amanda Lee. “Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3784.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Winter, Amanda Lee. “Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Winter AL. Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3784.
Council of Science Editors:
Winter AL. Working memory late effects in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-08-3784
28.
Buddin, William Howard, Jr.
The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population.
Degree: 2010, Nova Southeastern University
URL: http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/15
► Clinicians have a small number of measurement instruments available to them to assist in the identification of suboptimal effort during an evaluation, which is largely…
(more)
▼ Clinicians have a small number of measurement instruments available to them to assist in the identification of suboptimal effort during an evaluation, which is largely agreed upon as a necessary component in the identification of malingering. Green's Medical Symptom Validity Test is a forced-choice test that was created to assist in the identification of suboptimal effort. The goal of this study was to provide clinical evidence for the validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test using a large, archival clinical sample. The Test of Memory Malingering and the Medical Symptom Validity Test were compared to assess for level of agreement, and were found to agree in their identification of good or poor effort in approximately 75% of cases, which was lower than expected. Scores from the Medical Symptom Validity Test's effort subtests were tested for differences between adult litigants and clinically referred adults. Scores between these groups were different, and it was found that adult litigants obtained scores that were statistically significantly lower than those in the clinical group. Additionally, children were able to obtain results on the Medical Symptom Validity Test subtests that were equivalent to those of adults. Finally, the Wechlser Memory Scales - Third Edition core memory subtests were assessed for their ability to predict outcomes on the Medical Symptom Validity Test Delayed Recognition subtest. This analysis of the adult litigants and adult clinical groups revealed that, collectively, the predictors explained approximately one-third of the variance in scores on the Delayed Recognition subtest. Outcomes from these hypotheses indicated that the Medical Symptom Validity Test was measuring a construct similar to that of the Test of Memory Malingering. Due to the lower than expected level of agreement between the tests, it is recommended that clinicians use more than one measure of effort, which should increase the reliability of poor effort identification. Due to their lower scores the effort subtests, adults similar to those in the adult litigants group can be expected to perform more poorly than those who are clinically referred. Because effort subtest scores were not affected by cognitive or developmental domains, clinically referred children or adult examinees can be expected to obtain scores above cutoffs, regardless of mean age, IQ, or education. Additionally, an examinee's memory will not impact outcome scores on the effort subtests of the Medical Symptom Validity Test. Further research is needed to understand the Medical Symptom Validity Test's ability to accurately identify poor effort with minimal false positives, examine the impact of reading ability on effort subtests, and compare simulators' outcomes to those of a clinical population.
Subjects/Keywords: Malingering; Neuropsychology; Testing; Psychology
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APA (6th Edition):
Buddin, William Howard, J. (2010). The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population. (Thesis). Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/15
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Buddin, William Howard, Jr. “The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population.” 2010. Thesis, Nova Southeastern University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/15.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Buddin, William Howard, Jr. “The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population.” 2010. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Buddin, William Howard J. The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nova Southeastern University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/15.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Buddin, William Howard J. The Validity of the Medical Symptom Validity Test in a Mixed Clinical Population. [Thesis]. Nova Southeastern University; 2010. Available from: http://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/15
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Penn State University
29.
Guty, Erin Theresa.
Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes.
Degree: 2017, Penn State University
URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14639exg5204
► Objective: Research indicates that symptoms following a concussion are related to cognitive dysfunction, however, less is known about how different types of symptoms may be…
(more)
▼ Objective: Research indicates that symptoms following a concussion are related to cognitive dysfunction, however, less is known about how different types of symptoms may be related to cognitive outcomes or how specific domains of cognition are affected. The present study aims to explore the relationship between specific types of symptoms and these various cognitive outcomes following a concussion. Participants and Methods: One hundred and twenty-two student-athletes with sports-related concussion were tested with a neuropsychological battery that included a symptom report measure and various cognitive tests. Symptoms were separated into five factors: Physical, Sleep, Cognitive, Affective and Headache. Participants were grouped into “symptom” and “no symptom” groups for each factor. Cognitive outcomes included both overall performance as well as impairment scores in which individuals were grouped into impaired and not impaired based on a cut-off of 2 or more tests at the impaired level (<80 in Standard scores). These cognitive outcomes were examined for all the tests combined and then specifically for the memory tests and attention/processing speed tests. Results: Headache symptoms were related to overall cognitive impairment as well as memory and attention/processing speed impairment. Physical symptoms were related to impairment in attention/processing while sleep symptoms were related to memory impairments. Conclusion: Given that certain symptoms show a specific relationship to cognitive outcomes, this may provide important information for guiding treatment and accommodations for athletes following a concussion.
Advisors/Committee Members: Peter Arnett, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Frank Hillary, Committee Member, Michele Diaz, Committee Member.
Subjects/Keywords: Concussion; Neuropsychology; Sports-Related Concussion
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APA (6th Edition):
Guty, E. T. (2017). Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14639exg5204
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Guty, Erin Theresa. “Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14639exg5204.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Guty, Erin Theresa. “Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes.” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Guty ET. Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14639exg5204.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Guty ET. Relationship Between Post-Concussion Symptom Factors and Neuropsychological Outcomes in Collegiate Athletes. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14639exg5204
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Stellenbosch University
30.
Olivier, Marius Riaan.
Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis.
Degree: PhD, Psychiatry, 2015, Stellenbosch University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97079
► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Abstract Neurocognitive deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenia have generally been accepted as core features of the illness, yet their underlying relationship, response…
(more)
▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Abstract
Neurocognitive deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenia have
generally been accepted as core features of the illness, yet their
underlying relationship, response to treatment, and correlations with
outcome remain unclear. Most of the studies to date have used
cross-sectional designs and focussed on stable patients already on
treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in
neurocognition and thought disorder in antipsychotic naïve or
minimally treated first episode psychosis (FEP) patients, over the
course of 12 months of treatment according to a standard algorithm
with flupenthixol decanoate (FD) long acting injectable antipsychotic.
This was a prospective, non-comparative, open-label, longitudinal
study of 42 patients with FEP. There was an initial wash-out phase of
up to 7 days after which treatment was initiated with oral flupenthixol,
1 to 4 mg/day for 1 week prior to when the first long-acting FD was
given. The starting dose of FD was 10mg every second week, with
dose increases allowed at 6-week intervals. The Matrics Consensus
Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and Rorschach Percerptual Thinking Index
(PTI) were used as the primary co-measures for the assessment of
neurocognition, thought disorder and perceptual disturbances
respectively, at baseline prior to treatment, at month 6 and month 12.
The main findings of this study were as follows: we confirmed the
presence of significant neurocognitive impairment, thought disorder
and perceptual disturbances prior to treatment, with improvement in
neurocognitive performance and thought disorder from baseline to 6
months, with form perception improving later between month 6 and
month 12. Improvements in symptoms were associated with
improvements in neurocognitive performance, thought disorder and
perceptual disturbances but a degree of residual impairment was
evident at month 12. This study confirmed the association between
neurocognition and form perception per se as well as their relative
stability in FEP after initial improvement with treatment. We found
support for the correlation between the amount of improvement in
neurocognition, thought and perceptual disorder with outcome. We
found the Social and Occupational Functioning Scale (SOFAS) to be
a more robust measure of social and functional outcome with highest
level of education (HLOE), substance abuse, reasoning-and-problem
solving, form perception and Rorschach PTI emerging as predictors
in a best subset regression analysis.
The findings of this study suggest that neurocognitive impairments,
thought disorder and perceptual disturbances have both state and
trait like features, that patients benefit from treatment with a low-dose
FGA, and that residual neurocognitive and perceptual impairment
after treatment may indicate persisting underlying cerebral pathology.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Abstrak
Neurokognitiewe inkortinge en gedagteproses versteuring in
skisofrenie word algemeen aanvaar as kern eienskappe van die
siekte, tog is…
Advisors/Committee Members: Emsley, R., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Health Sciences. Dept. of Psychiatry..
Subjects/Keywords: Cognition disorders; UCTD; Neuropsychology; Schizophrenia
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Olivier, M. R. (2015). Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97079
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Olivier, Marius Riaan. “Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Stellenbosch University. Accessed March 01, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97079.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Olivier, Marius Riaan. “Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis.” 2015. Web. 01 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Olivier MR. Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 01].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97079.
Council of Science Editors:
Olivier MR. Neurocognition and thought disorder : it’s association, temporal stability and outcome correlates in first-episode psychosis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Stellenbosch University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97079
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
