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NSYSU
1.
Lin, Yi-ling.
A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan.
Degree: Master, Biological Sciences, 2008, NSYSU
URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0908108-154225 
► The genus Fimbristylis in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on morphological, phytogeographical, and ecological evidences. In this study, style and achene morphologies are the most…
(more)
▼ The genus Fimbristylis in Taiwan was taxonomically revised based on
morphological, phytogeographical, and ecological evidences. In this study, style and achene morphologies are the most valuable characters for the classification within the genus in Taiwan. The ornamentation of achene surface could be divided into 5 types, which are transversely rugulose, verruculose, smooth, reticulate, reticulate- verruculose. The results showed that these types are taxonomic characters for classification of section, series and species. Twenty-three species, three varieties, and one uncertain species as recognized in conclusion. Fimbristylis microcarya var. tainanensis (Ohwi) H. Y. Liu was elevated to specific status F. tainanemsis Ohwi. F. tomentosa Vahl and F. umbellaris (Lam.) Vahl do not occur in Taiwan in fact, which are previously erroneous identification of F. dichotoma (L.) Vahl and F. littoralis Guad., respectively. Additionally, F. macassarensis Steud. is treated as uncertain species due to insufficiency of evidence.
Advisors/Committee Members: Chang-sheng Kuoh (chair), Ho-yih Liu (chair), Yuen-po Yang (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: morphological plasticity; weeds; wetlands; aliens
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APA (6th Edition):
Lin, Y. (2008). A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0908108-154225
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lin, Yi-ling. “A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan.” 2008. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0908108-154225.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lin, Yi-ling. “A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan.” 2008. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Lin Y. A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2008. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0908108-154225.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lin Y. A Taxonomic Study on Fimbristylis Vahl (Cyperaceae) of Taiwan. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2008. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0908108-154225
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
NSYSU
2.
Liu, Yao-Hung.
Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data.
Degree: Master, Biological Sciences, 2011, NSYSU
URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0719111-114801
► The morphological phenotypic characters involving sexual selection but with highly individual variability are likely to challenge the prezygotic isolating mechanism driven by differentiation of mechanical…
(more)
▼ The
morphological phenotypic characters involving sexual selection but with highly individual variability are likely to challenge the prezygotic isolating mechanism driven by differentiation of mechanical structures. This kind of characters may also puzzle species identification and taxonomy. Therefore clarifying the correlation between the phenotypic variability and biological/non-biological factors becomes necessary in order to understand the role of this phenomenon under natural selection and sexual selection. The Syntomini represents one of the few lepidopterous groups that exhibit highly individual variability in both wing pattern and reproductive structures. The evolutionary and taxonomic significance of this phenomenon, however, has never been studied using modern methods although it has been documented for long. In order to test several hypotheses relevant to phenotypic variability, the present study focuses the phylogenetic relationship of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1914, a subalpine moth species with extremely high variability in wing coloration and genitalia. The phylogenetic relationship between the three color morphs of A. wilemani and 38 Syntomini species plus 2 Lithosiinae outgroups was reconstructed using fragments of COI, EF1a and 28S. All color morphs of A. wilemani were recovered to form a monophyletic group under all data partitioning strategies with Amata formosensis (Wileman, 1928) or its closely related species in China as the potential sister group. The result of gene network analysis suggests low divergence between haplotypes of A. wilemani. Because no correlation between color morphs, phenology, geographical distribution, altitudinal gradient, and genitalic morphlogy was detected, it is concluded that A. wilemani should be regarded as a single species with high phenotypic variability, and this may suggest existence of intraspecific competition. The present study also found that Amata karapinensis (Strand, 1915), which was synonymized with A. wilemani by previous authors, should be revived. The incongruence between the phylogenetic relationships based on
morphological and molecular characters shows a need of a comprehensive phylogenetic study of this highly diverse group.
Advisors/Committee Members: Yu-Feng Hsu (chair), Shen-Horn Yen (committee member), Si-Min Lin (chair).
Subjects/Keywords: barcoding; morphological plasticity; species concept; cryptic species
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APA (6th Edition):
Liu, Y. (2011). Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0719111-114801
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Liu, Yao-Hung. “Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data.” 2011. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0719111-114801.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Liu, Yao-Hung. “Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Liu Y. Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0719111-114801.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Liu Y. Evaluation of the taxonomic status of Amata wilemani Rothschild, 1911 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Arctiinae, Syntomini), a highly variable species, using molecular sequence data. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2011. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0719111-114801
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
California State University – Northridge
3.
Smith, Lareen M.
Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans.
Degree: MS, Biology, 2013, California State University – Northridge
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.2/3621
► Marine benthic organisms are confronted with numerous physiological challenges in a variable environment. Sessile organisms are reliant upon the ability to sense and respond to…
(more)
▼ Marine benthic organisms are confronted with numerous physiological challenges in a variable environment. Sessile organisms are reliant upon the ability to sense and respond to vital environmental cues that allow them to tolerate environmental variation. Sessile, colonial invertebrates must have mechanisms to sense and integrate environmental signals to enable adaptive
plasticity. Hydractiniid hydrozoans are ideal model organisms for studying phenotypic
plasticity. Many hydrozoans grow continuously, lack determinate size and shape, and show a continuum of morphotypes. The arrangement of tissues of the gastrovascular system, into either highly interconnected networks (sheets) or disparate linear extensions of stolons (runners), determines the distribution of metabolites and signaling information amongst cells.
Hydractiniid hydrozoan colonies that live on hermit crab shells experience variable environments due to host crab behavior. These hermit crabs often bury themselves in soft sediments, subjecting hydrozoan colonies to hypoxic conditions. In response to dissolved oxygen availability (pO2) and variable seawater viscosities, two variable abiotic factors, I found that hydrozoan colonies use both (pO2) and hydromechanical forces associated with gastrovascular transport as environmental cues to signal morphogenesis. By experimentally increasing the dynamic viscosity of seawater media, I was able to impose a proportional linear increase in gastrovascular shear stress to measure the effects of this physical force on the vascular wall independently of other signals generated by feeding. I also investigated mitotic rates of hydrozoan colonies whose pO2 and shear stress was manipulated in the gastrovascular system in factorial combination. I found a positive relationship between mitotic rate and shear stress.
In a field experiment, I placed three genotypes in different environments in a factorial array, measured environmental parameters and followed the growth trajectories of hydrozoan colonies. Locations characterized by, saturating levels of pO2, persistent flow, and coarse sand showed a colony-wide increase in stolon branching, and sheet-like tissue across all genotypes. Environments characterized by reduced levels of pO2, low flow, and fine sand and silt showed genotype-specific
morphological responses, suggesting a genotype x environment interaction. I used path analysis to infer the strength of
morphological responses to these different environmental signals and found that colonies responded to hypoxic signals in a natural field setting, in the midst of many other conflicting environmental signals. This suggests hydrozoan colonies may be using as few as one or two environmental signals to coordinate colony morphogenesis across a range of habitats.
These two experiments together demonstrate the importance of pO2 and gastrovascular shear stress as integrating signals that promote colony-wide
morphological response to environmental conditions. That these signals reflect facets of both gastrovascular…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dudgeon, Steven R. (advisor), Kubler, Janet E. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: morphological plasticity; Dissertations, Academic – CSUN – Biology.
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APA (6th Edition):
Smith, L. M. (2013). Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans. (Masters Thesis). California State University – Northridge. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.2/3621
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smith, Lareen M. “Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans.” 2013. Masters Thesis, California State University – Northridge. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10211.2/3621.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smith, Lareen M. “Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Smith LM. Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. California State University – Northridge; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.2/3621.
Council of Science Editors:
Smith LM. Morphological responses to hydrodynamic and hypoxic signaling in hydractiniid hydrozoans. [Masters Thesis]. California State University – Northridge; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.2/3621
University of Toronto
4.
Yasui, Simone-Louise.
Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum.
Degree: 2016, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72840
► The human-mediated movement of species across the globe has led to the growing field of invasion biology, which is devoted to understanding more about invasive…
(more)
▼ The human-mediated movement of species across the globe has led to the growing field of invasion biology, which is devoted to understanding more about invasive species and the impact they have on the ecosystems into which they are introduced. One particular invasive species that is extremely abundant and widespread in Southern Ontario is the vine species Vincetoxicum rossicum. V. rossicum is found in a variety of environments including open fields and forest understories, however, little is known about how the traits of this species varies in the different environments. In a field study in the Rouge Urban National Park and a complementary greenhouse study, I found that this invasive species optimizes light capture efficiency by changing its morphological traits. This potentially contributes to its invasion success and provides further insights and its future spread. Additionally, this work can provide insight on other invasive species that exhibit similar invasion strategies
M.Sc.
Advisors/Committee Members: Cadotte, Marc W, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology.
Subjects/Keywords: Enemy release; Intraspecific trait variation; Morphological traits; Phenotypic plasticity; Southern Ontario; Vincetoxicum rossicum; 0329
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APA (6th Edition):
Yasui, S. (2016). Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72840
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yasui, Simone-Louise. “Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72840.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yasui, Simone-Louise. “Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Yasui S. Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72840.
Council of Science Editors:
Yasui S. Intraspecific Variation and Phenotypic Plasticity in the Invasive Vine Vincetoxicum rossicum. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/72840
Univerzitet u Beogradu
5.
Budečević, Sanja, 1986- 14416743.
Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L.
Degree: Biološki fakultet, 2019, Univerzitet u Beogradu
URL: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:19655/bdef:Content/get
► Biologija - Evoluciona biologija / Biology - Evolutionary Biology
Analize unutar - i među - individualnihih razlika morfoloških struktura omogućuju otkrivanje obrazaca fenotipskog variranja, kao…
(more)
▼ Biologija - Evoluciona biologija / Biology -
Evolutionary Biology
Analize unutar - i među - individualnihih razlika
morfoloških struktura omogućuju otkrivanje obrazaca fenotipskog
variranja, kao i ekološko - evolucionih mehanizama koji dovode do
njihove divergencije. U ovoj disertaciji utvrđene su komponente
fenotipske varijanse oblika funkcionalno različitih cvetnih organa
kod entomofilne biljne vrste Iris pumila L., polimorfne u odnosu na
boju cveta. Eksperimenti su vršeni na biljkama gajenim u
eksperimentalnoj bašti, poreklom iz recipročnih ukrštanja 24
klonalna genotipa. Metodama geometrijske morfometrije utvrđeni su
obrasci variranja oblika tri bilateralno simetrična organa: fola,
standarda i grane tučka. Kod sva tri organa udeo simetrične
komponente u ukupnom variranju oblika bio je najveći, dok je
fluktuirajuća asimetrija (FA) dominirala u asimetričnoj komponenti.
Iako se smatra da je primarni uzrok FA nestabilnost razvića, naša
istraživanja su pokazala da fenotipska plastičnost može takođe da
proizvede FA. Naime, replike cvetnih organa sa različitom
orijentacijom prema suncu imale su različite vrednosti asimetričnih
komponenti varijanse oblika, kao rezultat plastičnosti u odnosu na
mikrosredinsku heterogenost ambijentalne svetlosti. Da veličina,
oblik i boja cveta predstavljaju vizuelne signale za privlačenje
potencijalnih oprašivača potvrdila su poređenja veličine cvetnih
organa oprašenih i neoprašenih biljaka. Oprašeni cvetovi su, po
pravilu, imali veće organe od neoprašenih, sa izuzetkom grane
tučka. Regresione analize su pokazale da je veličina fola bila pod
delovanjem pozitivne, a grane tučka negativne direkcione selekcije.
Suprotno tome, oblik cvetnih organa se razlikovao u zavisnosti od
boje, što ukazuje da je preferencija oprašivača prema specifičnim
kombinacijama vizuelnih signala bila važan mehanizam morfološke
divergencije reproduktivnih organa I. pumila.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ivanović, Ana, 1964- 12658791.
Subjects/Keywords: Iris pumila; morphological variation; shape; color
polymorphism; pollinators' preferences; developmental instability;
phenotypic plasticity
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APA (6th Edition):
Budečević, Sanja, 1. 1. (2019). Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L. (Thesis). Univerzitet u Beogradu. Retrieved from https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:19655/bdef:Content/get
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Budečević, Sanja, 1986- 14416743. “Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L.” 2019. Thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:19655/bdef:Content/get.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Budečević, Sanja, 1986- 14416743. “Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Budečević, Sanja 11. Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L. [Internet] [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:19655/bdef:Content/get.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Budečević, Sanja 11. Morfološko variranje, fenotipska plastičnost i
fluktuirajuća asimetrija oblika cvetnih organa kod Iris pumila
L. [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2019. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:19655/bdef:Content/get
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Halmstad University
6.
Olne, Karin.
Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish.
Degree: Business and Engineering (SET), 2006, Halmstad University
URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-169
► Many prey species are able to develop different morphological structures as defence against for example predators. Some of these structures are induced only by…
(more)
▼ Many prey species are able to develop different morphological structures as defence against for example predators. Some of these structures are induced only by individuals exposed to a predator. This phenomenon is called phenotypic plasticity. In this paper we examine whether cuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae differed between specimens caught in fish containing lakes and fish-free lakes respectively. We measured the thickness of the cuticle from four different parts of the larvae; profemur, pronotum, ninth segment sternite and ninth segment tergite. Our results showed a significantly thicker exocuticle on profemur in larvae with a head width bigger than 4.5 mm caught in lakes with fish. The smaller larvae showed a tendency to have thinner exocuticle on profemur in presence of fish. We discuss the probability that the differences in exocuticle thickness on profemur could be some kind of trade-off situation. The results also showed a tendency among the large larvae; the large individuals from lakes containing fish had a slightly thicker exocuticle on pronotum than the bigger individuals from fish-free lakes.
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Morphological adaptations; Dragonflies; Cuticle thickness; Induced defences
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Olne, K. (2006). Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish. (Thesis). Halmstad University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Olne, Karin. “Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish.” 2006. Thesis, Halmstad University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Olne, Karin. “Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish.” 2006. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Olne K. Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish. [Internet] [Thesis]. Halmstad University; 2006. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-169.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Olne K. Differences in exocuticle thickness in Leucorrhinia dubia (Odonata) larvae from habitats with and without fish. [Thesis]. Halmstad University; 2006. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-169
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Arizona
7.
Young, Rebecca Lynn.
Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
.
Degree: 2008, University of Arizona
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195260
► Divergent natural selection for use of locally abundant resources can lead to diversification within and across species. However, the consequences of divergent selection for phenotypic…
(more)
▼ Divergent natural selection for use of locally abundant resources can lead to diversification within and across species. However, the consequences of divergent selection for phenotypic evolution also depend on the development of variation. Because relationships among traits such as shared developmental timing or common involvement in an organismal function can channel variation generated during development, these relationships strongly influence the direction of evolution.During development of the mammalian mandible multiple tissues of distinct developmental origins interact with inputs from the functioning of attached muscles to produce a cohesive and well integrated trait. In soricid shrews, part of the mandible matures late in ontogeny, coinciding with the onset of foraging. In this case, foraging-linked muscle activity should influence the development of the late maturing mandibular region. Here, I show that variation in this late ossifying region reveals the local functional requirements of the jaw and results in an opportunity to decouple internal and external sources of variation (developmental and environmental respectively) in the mandible. Capitalizing on this feature of the Sorex system, I empirically examined the historical persistence of internal and external patterns of variation, the consequences of variation patterning for ecological and
morphological diversification across taxa, and differences between early and late ossifying regions in their contribution to local adaptation in mandible morphology.I found that the functional requirements of diet directed mandible development and determined species similarity in both mandible morphology and function. Timing of bone maturation determined the
morphological effects of foraging-linked muscle activity, resulting in differential expression of adaptive variation in the late maturing region. Further, I found higher levels of interspecific variation in the late maturing region of the mandible, and showed that interspecific divergence in foraging morphology occurs along the lines delineated by epigenetic inputs of muscle on bone formation during late ontogeny within species. These findings indicate that differences in functional requirements are critical for divergence among taxa in this system. Further, these results suggest that, when external inputs into trait development are indicative of local functional requirements, the same epigenetic mechanism of development can generate diversity both within and among taxa.
Advisors/Committee Members: Badyaev, Alexander V (advisor), Cheverud, James (committeemember), Enquist, Brian (committeemember), Walsh, J. Bruce (committeemember).
Subjects/Keywords: adaptation;
diversification;
morphological evolution;
phenotypic integration;
plasticity
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APA (6th Edition):
Young, R. L. (2008). Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195260
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Young, Rebecca Lynn. “Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195260.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Young, Rebecca Lynn. “Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
.” 2008. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Young RL. Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2008. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195260.
Council of Science Editors:
Young RL. Evolution and Development of Diversity: An Example in Foraging Morphology of Soricid Shrews
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195260
Virginia Tech
8.
Einsmann, Juliet Caroline Jr.
Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species.
Degree: MS, Biology, 1998, Virginia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36849
► Plant root system response to nutrient heterogeneity was tested in ten plant species of varying life form and successional status. All plants tested are native…
(more)
▼ Plant root system response to nutrient heterogeneity was tested in ten plant species of varying life form and successional status. All plants tested are native to the South Carolina coastal plain.
Morphological responses of the root system (scale, precision and discrimination) and overall plant response (sensitivity) to increasing nutrient heterogeneity were tested. Ten individuals of each species were placed into four treatments which had varying nutrient distribution but the same overall nutrient addition. Plants were harvested when roots reached pot edge. I observed high variation in scale (mass and extent of a root system), precision (the ability to proliferate roots in nutrient patches) and sensitivity (growth benefits gained as nutrient heterogeneity increases; measured as total biomass). No significant discrimination responses were observed, although greatest mean root density occurred at intermediate fertility levels for all species. I tested the hypothesis that scale and precision would be negatively correlated, and I did not observe this relationship in these plant species. However, in herbaceous species scale and precision were positively correlated. Sensitivity was not closely related to precision indicating that proliferating roots in fertile patches does not always yield growth benefits in heterogeneous soils. Further, some sensitive species had very low precision suggesting that other characteristics lead to positive growth response in heterogeneous environments.
Plasticity of root uptake rates and demography of roots are proposed as two other mechanisms which may play important roles in plant sensitivity responses. Scale was negatively correlated to sensitivity for herbaceous plants suggesting that plants that monopolize the most soil space are not able to gain benefits from nutrient patches within the soil matrix. There was no trend observed to suggest that plant life form was correlated with precision or sensitivity. However, scale was greater in herbs than in woody plants, possibly because the two life forms develop at different times.
Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Robert H. (committeechair), Mitchell, Robert J. (committee member), Mou, Paul P. (committee member), Nilsen, Erik T. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: morphological plasticity; nutrient heterogeneity; root distribution; South Carolina
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APA (6th Edition):
Einsmann, J. C. J. (1998). Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36849
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Einsmann, Juliet Caroline Jr. “Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species.” 1998. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36849.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Einsmann, Juliet Caroline Jr. “Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species.” 1998. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Einsmann JCJ. Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 1998. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36849.
Council of Science Editors:
Einsmann JCJ. Nutrient Foraging in Ten Southeast Coastal Plain Plant Species. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 1998. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36849
9.
Rezende, Raquel de Seixas.
Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo.
Degree: 2017, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Comportamento e Biologia Animal; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas
URL: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4775
► Existem evidências da relação entre morfologia da concha e pressões ambientais. Entretanto, não se sabe, se os mecanismos responsáveis por essa variabilidade da forma da…
(more)
▼ Existem evidências da relação entre morfologia da concha e pressões ambientais. Entretanto, não se sabe, se os mecanismos responsáveis por essa variabilidade da forma da concha seriam decorrentes de uma plasticidade fenotípica, determinação genética ou até mesmo efeito materno. Alguns estudos, abordam apenas os aspectos da concha, desconsiderando a relação entre a morfologia da concha, proteção contra dessecação e reprodução. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve dois grandes objetivos: o primeiro, verificar se a existência de dois padrões morfológicos (conchas abauladas e conchas alongadas) observados para espécie Leptinaria unilamellata a existência de um antagonismo entre proteção contra dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo. E a segunda pergunta seria: qual o papel da plasticidade fenotípica em relação a esses dois padrões? Para investigar a resposta, foi realizado um estudo morfométrico comparativo entre duas populações em gerações sucessivas de
laboratório e quantificado o número de filhotes produzidos por cada indivíduo do primeiro evento reprodutivo em cada geração. Para verificar o efeito da dessecação sobre a morfologia da concha ao longo das gerações sucessivas, os moluscos foram submetidos as duas condições de tratamentos. Os resultados do presente estudo confirmam a hipótese de que as variáveis morfométricas que influenciam a forma da volta corporal e a dimensão da abertura da concha influenciam o sucesso reprodutivo da espécie. Foi observado também que as variáveis morfométricas entre as duas populações se tornaram menos evidentes ao longo das gerações sucessivas de laboratório, evidenciando uma resposta adaptativa rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata, decorrente do efeito materno. A maior produção de filhotes foi observada para população de Chácara em todas as gerações, onde a forma abaulada, determina a presença de volta corporal e aberturas maiores, permitindo uma expansão do oviduto. Os resultados evidenciam também
que moluscos com conchas mais alongadas e aberturas menores não investem em filhotes maiores.
There is evidence of the relation between shell morphology and environmental pressures. However, it is not known whether the mechanisms responsible for the shell shape variability results from phenotypic plasticity, genetic determination or even to maternal effect. Some studies address just shell aspects and disregard the relation among shell morphology, protection against desiccation and reproduction. Thus, the present study has two main aims. The first aim is to investigate whether the existence of two morphological patterns (rotund shells and elongate shells) found in Leptinaria unilamellata the antagonism between protection against desiccation and reproductive success. The second one is to find the answer to the following question: what is the role played by phenotypic plasticity in these two patterns? A morphometric study comparing two populations derived from successive laboratory
generations was performed to find such answer. In addition, the number of progenies produced by each individual…
Advisors/Committee Members: Paula, Sthefane D’ávila de Oliveira e, Junqueira, Flávia Oliveira, Silva, Lidiane Cristina da.
Subjects/Keywords: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA::COMPORTAMENTO ANIMAL; Variabilidade morfológica; Plasticidade fenotípica; Reprodução; Molusco terrestre; Morphological variability; Phenotypic plasticity; Reproduction; Terrestrial mollusk
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APA (6th Edition):
Rezende, R. d. S. (2017). Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo. (Masters Thesis). Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Comportamento e Biologia Animal; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4775
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rezende, Raquel de Seixas. “Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Comportamento e Biologia Animal; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4775.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rezende, Raquel de Seixas. “Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Rezende RdS. Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Comportamento e Biologia Animal; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4775.
Council of Science Editors:
Rezende RdS. Resposta rápida de Leptinaria unilamellata (d’Orbigny, 1835) (Gastropoda: Subulinidae) a condições ambientais, em gerações sucessivas de laboratório: efeito materno e antagonismo entre resistência à dessecação e sucesso reprodutivo. [Masters Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Comportamento e Biologia Animal; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; 2017. Available from: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4775
10.
Segala, Luís Fernando.
Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago.
Degree: 2019, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181627
► Submitted by Luis Fernando Segala ([email protected]) on 2019-04-20T13:10:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 111 tese LFS.pdf: 1753936 bytes, checksum: db17c44824b7a9390af97cf59a396171 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive…
(more)
▼ Submitted by Luis Fernando Segala ([email protected]) on 2019-04-20T13:10:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 111 tese LFS.pdf: 1753936 bytes, checksum: db17c44824b7a9390af97cf59a396171 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Elza Mitiko Sato null ([email protected]) on 2019-04-22T16:11:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 segala_lf_dr_sjrp_par.pdf: 448050 bytes, checksum: e84b6f66fbd84515975db8418b8ae30f (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-22T16:11:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 segala_lf_dr_sjrp_par.pdf: 448050 bytes, checksum: e84b6f66fbd84515975db8418b8ae30f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-03-18
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A morfometria da asa e do edeago tem sido amplamente utilizada para estudar a evolução das espécies do gênero Drosophila pois são caracteres altamente sensíveis a variação genética e ambiental. No presente trabalho utilizamos esta técnica em um estudo populacional de
Drosophila sturtevanti com ênfase em moscas procedentes de áreas de Mata Atlântica do Brasil e da Floresta Tropical Úmida da Costa Rica. Para isto utilizamos as asas e edeagos de machos destas populações e analisamos o nível de diferenciação quanto a estes marcadores discutindo sua associação com sua localização geográfica, a fitofisionomia do fragmento de mata, a umidade relativa média anual, a temperatura média anual e a área do fragmento de mata. Os resultados indicaram a existência de uma estruturação latitudinal tanto para o tamanho e a forma da asa como para a forma do edeago, além de correlação entre estas características e algumas variáveis ambientais. A diferenciação quanto à forma do edeago, entretanto, foi menos significativa que a diferenciação da forma e do tamanho da asa. A relação entre forma e tamanho das asas obtida foi divergente dos resultados encontrados para outras espécies de Drosophila, apresentando asas maiores e mais arredondadas nas populações da faixa
latitudinal Sul 1 (PIR, AGU e RDI) e asas menores mais alongadas em uma população da faixa latitudinal Nordeste (CUR). As populações da Costa Rica (TIR e LSA) e as populações do Sul mostraram divergência significativa para os marcadores avaliados, entretanto, as populações da faixa latitudinal Sudeste (MAT, NGR, SDC, PIC e VIT) não apresentaram estruturas congruentes e foram melhor agrupadas por fitofisionomias. Os resultados apresentados refletem a diferenciação genética em curso nas populações de D. sturtevanti, sendo acentuada para as procedentes da América Central e as do Sul do Brasil, indicando a ocorrência de diferenciação populacional quanto aos marcadores estudados e que podem ser um reflexo da existência de novas espécies deste subgrupo, que já tinha sido sinalizado em estudos anteriores e também em estudos recentes do nosso laboratório com marcadores moleculares para estas mesmas populações.
Wing and aedeagus morphometry have been widely used to study the evolution of
species of the genus Drosophila because they are highly sensitive characters to genetic and environmental variation. In…
Advisors/Committee Members: Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Madi-Ravazzi, Lilian [UNESP], Mateus, Rogério Pincela.
Subjects/Keywords: Diferenciação populacional; Plasticidade fenotípica; Cline latitudinal; Evolução morfológica; Especiação; Populational differentiation; Phenotypic plasticity; Latitudinal cline; Morphological evolution; Speciation
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Segala, L. F. (2019). Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181627
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Segala, Luís Fernando. “Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP). Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181627.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Segala, Luís Fernando. “Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Segala LF. Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181627.
Council of Science Editors:
Segala LF. Diferenciação populacional em Drosophila sturtevanti (subgrupo sturtevanti, grupo saltans) avaliada por morfometria geométrica da asa e do edeago. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP); 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181627
11.
Gilberto Terra Ribeiro Alves.
Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.
Degree: 2007, Universidade Federal de São Carlos
URL: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3480
► Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth é um bambu de grande porte nativo da Floresta Atlântica, de hábito semi escandente, rizoma paquimórfico e dotado de espinhos para…
(more)
▼ Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth é um bambu de grande porte nativo da Floresta Atlântica, de hábito semi escandente, rizoma paquimórfico e dotado de espinhos para fixação nas árvores. Atualmente este bambu é considerado uma espécie invasiva em áreas de florestas secundárias, onde suas populações supostamente estariam em expansão. O objetivo geral deste estudo, desenvolvido no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO), RJ, foi investigar a história de vida de Guadua tagoara sob duas perspectivas: (a) conhecer a base ecológica do seu suposto potencial invasiso e (b) discuti-la no contexto teórico da ecologia e evolução das plantas mast seeding. Esta dissertação baseou-se principalmente em três momentos do ciclo vital de G. tagoara, abordados nas escalas de taquaral, geneta e rameta: frutificação maciça seguida de morte parental (monocarpia), regeneração por sementes e desenvolvimento dos genetas adultos. Os aspectos estudados em sua história de vida foram: frutificação maciça, monocarpia, regeneração por sementes, sincronia e intervalo reprodutivos, desenvolvimento, plasticidade morfológica e diversidade intra e infra - específica. Pelo menos no PARNASO, o ciclo de vida de G. tagoara é estritamente monocárpico, e sua regeneração por sementes ocorreu principalmente no interior dos taquarais senescentes. O florescimento foi assincrônico em escala populacional, mas marcadamente sincrônico dentro dos taquarais. O ano de 2004 concentrou a maior parte dos taquarais reprodutivos, sugerindo para esta região um padrão conhecido como distribuição do florescimento. O gregarismo espacial de G. tagoara parece associado à sincronia reprodutiva intra taquaral, e a vantagem seletiva da monocarpia parece ser a criação de sítios de regeneração para a coorte seguinte. O mesmo parece valer para outras espécies monocárpicas de Guadua com tendência ao gregarismo. Não foi possível estabelecer um intervalo reprodutivo para G. tagoara, mas quatro possíveis padrões de florescimento foram propostos para sua história de vida. Embora os genetas adultos possuam espaçadores (pescoços) longos, nas coortes de 2004 e 2005 o rizoma não apresentou esta característica. A ramificação dos colmos ocorreu antes da ramificação do rizoma, e o surgimento dos espinhos ocorreu a partir do segundo ano de vida destes genetas. Estas coortes diferiram entre si em termos estruturais, com exceção do número de colmos vivos por geneta, e apresentaram características interpretadas aqui como adaptações à regeneração no interior dos taquarais ou em outras clareiras. A plasticidade morfológica representada por distintos padrões de ramificação, pelo crescimento reiterativo e pelo desvio de obstáculos durante o elongamento foi observada nos colmos de genetas adultos. O crescimento reiterativo também foi observado nos colmos das coortes de 2004 e 2005, nas quais também foram observados colmos articulados e a presença de raízes nos nós aéreos. Tanto nas coortes jovens quanto nos genetas adultos foram observadas perfurações nos colmos e a presença de invertebrados em seu interior,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dalva Maria da Silva Matos.
Subjects/Keywords: Morphological plasticity; Plasticidade morfológica; ECOLOGIA; Monocarpia; Frutificação em massa; Crescimento clonal; Bambu; Mata Atlântica; Ecologia populacional; História de vida; Ecologia; Bamboo; Clonal growth; Mast seeding; Monocarpy
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APA (6th Edition):
Alves, G. T. R. (2007). Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. (Thesis). Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Retrieved from http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3480
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alves, Gilberto Terra Ribeiro. “Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.” 2007. Thesis, Universidade Federal de São Carlos. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3480.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alves, Gilberto Terra Ribeiro. “Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.” 2007. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Alves GTR. Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3480.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Alves GTR. Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; 2007. Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufscar.br/htdocs/tedeSimplificado//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3480
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Northeastern University
12.
Elliott, Jennifer Ah King.
Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations.
Degree: PhD, Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, 2016, Northeastern University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20211352
► Coral reefs are under pressure from numerous natural and anthropogenic stressors that are changing drastically the structure and functioning of these important ecosystems. This dissertation…
(more)
▼ Coral reefs are under pressure from numerous natural and anthropogenic stressors that are changing drastically the structure and functioning of these important ecosystems. This dissertation investigated impacts of human development, and an invasive sponge species on the benthic community structure of fringing coral reefs around the Mascarene island of Mauritius, in the southwestern Indian Ocean. The research used historical datasets, field surveys, and laboratory manipulations to understand the tempo and scale of changes in Mauritius. The dissertation is divided into three chapters: Chapter 1 examined a 13-year dataset on benthic community cover from 22 sites around Mauritius. The goal was to not only investigate the spatiotemporal trends in the benthic community structure and stability, but to also discriminate between the effects of four local and four global stressors on the coral reef communities. The results showed that there was a general decline in total live coral cover at many sites, both on back- and fore-reefs. However, most sites did not experience a phase shift to macroalgal dominance. Sea surface temperature (SST) and tourism were the two most important stressors affecting community structure. Physical location with respect to oceanographic conditions was another important factor structuring the benthic communities. Unlike the back-reef sites, the fore-reef sites did not appear to respond to any of the local stressors, but they were still sensitive to SST. Chapter 2 addressed aspects of the autoecology of Terpios hoshinota, a sponge likely to be a recent arrival in Mauritius. T. hoshinota is an encrusting sponge and a fierce space competitor. It is a poorly studied organism that kills stony corals by overgrowing them, and can impact reefs on the square kilometer scale. This is the first documentation of this sponge in Mauritius (published in Marine Biodiversity - Elliott et al. 2015). The success of T. hoshinota as in invader on coral reefs has been attributed to its relationship with its symbiotic cyanobacteria. An ex-situ experiment using light and dark treatments was performed to investigate the photosymbiotic relationship between the sponge host and its cyanobacterial symbionts. The results showed that variation in weight change (growth rate) of the sponge hosts was not driven by the abundance of the cyanobacteria at least in the short term. Chapter 3 investigated an outbreak of T. hoshinota at one lagoon in Mauritius to determine its impacts on coral reef community structure (published in Coral Reefs - Elliott et al. 2016), and complemented the historical investigation of decadal change in Chapter 1. The results showed for the first time a statistically significant preference by T. hoshinota to overgrow the stony coral Acropora austera. T. hoshinota also had a higher photosynthetic capacity than A. austera, a possible explanation for its high spreading rate. The long-term implications of T. hoshinota's proliferation on coral reef community structure are discussed. To conclude this dissertation,…
Subjects/Keywords: coral reefs; encrusting sponges; global climate change; human impacts; morphological plasticity; Terpios hoshinota; Coral reef ecology; Morphology; Coral reefs and islands; Tourism; Environmental aspects; Benthos; Sponges; Cyanobacteria
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APA (6th Edition):
Elliott, J. A. K. (2016). Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20211352
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Elliott, Jennifer Ah King. “Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20211352.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Elliott, Jennifer Ah King. “Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Elliott JAK. Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20211352.
Council of Science Editors:
Elliott JAK. Coral reef status in Mauritius: historic trends and recent perturbations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20211352
University of Florida
13.
Zhang, Jing.
Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity.
Degree: PhD, Horticultural Sciences - Environmental Horticulture, 2014, University of Florida
URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047378
► Water availability for irrigation of turfgrass is becoming limited and understanding of turfgrass drought responses and canopy characteristics which may be associated with water use…
(more)
▼ Water availability for irrigation of turfgrass is becoming limited and understanding of turfgrass drought responses and canopy characteristics which may be associated with water use and may be affected by turf management practices such as mowing and the application of trinexapac-ethyl (TE), a gibberellin inhibitor, would benefit the selection of turfgrass with superior drought performance. Additionally, light limitations (shade) pose another challenge especially for warm-season turfgrass species to maintain quality. The research objectives were: 1) to assess canopy changes and water use efficiency (WUE) of Floratam St. Augustinegrass (STA) (Stenotaphrum secundatum [Walt.] Kuntze) and Tifway bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon C. transvaalensis) under different mowing heights (MH) and TE rates; 2) to determine and compare species and genotype differences for turf performance and physiological responses under dry down of STA, Zoysia japonica (ZJ), Z. matrella (ZM), and bermudagrass (CB) [C. dactylon (L.) Pers.] grown in acrylic tubes and in field plots; and 3) to compare species and genotype responses of eleven zoysiagrass cultivars and three STA cultivars under artificial shade.
Advisors/Committee Members: UNRUH,JOSEPH BRYAN (committee chair), ERICKSON,JOHN E (committee member), KRUSE,JASON KEITH (committee member), ROWLAND,DIANE L (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Biomass; Crop science; Drought; Genotypes; Mowing; P values; Transpiration; Turf grasses; Vegetation canopies; Water usage; canopy-temperature – chlorophyll-fluorescence – drought-resistance – morphological-plasticity – shade-tolerance – water-consumption
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APA (6th Edition):
Zhang, J. (2014). Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047378
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Zhang, Jing. “Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047378.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Zhang, Jing. “Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Zhang J. Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047378.
Council of Science Editors:
Zhang J. Canopy responses of warm-season turfgrass to different mowing heights, trinexapac-ethyl application, drought, and light intensity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2014. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0047378
Virginia Tech
14.
Marie, Joan.
Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature.
Degree: MS, Entomology, 2004, Virginia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33305
► Blackman (1987) used life cycle and morphology to separate Myzus nicotianae Blackman, a tobacco-feeding species of aphid, from Myzus persicae (Sulzer). In the present study,…
(more)
▼ Blackman (1987) used life cycle and morphology to separate Myzus nicotianae Blackman, a tobacco-feeding species of aphid, from Myzus persicae (Sulzer). In the present study, the first objective was to investigate the influence of temperature and host plant on the morphology of M. nicotianae and M. persicae. The second objective was to assess Blackman¡¦s 1987 key to Myzus for separating tobacco and non-tobacco originating morphs under different environmental conditions. Four host plants were used: tobacco, turnip, pepper, and okra, and three temperatures, 15â aC, 20â aC, and 25â aC. The intraclonal
plasticity of two tobacco collected morphs and one turnip collected morph was investigated in relation to these combinations of host and temperature in a 4 x 3 x 3 factorial experimental design. Fifth generation mature apterous aphids were mounted on slides and 10 different
morphological structures utilized in morphometric analysis were measured.
Data support a morphologically distinct, host-adapted tobacco race but not a separate tobacco-feeding species of M. persicae. The key developed by Blackman (1987) did not discriminate between the tobacco and non-tobacco originating clones but the canonical variates generated from the analysis successfully separated the tobacco and non-tobacco groups. Other studies have used many different clones to investigate the possible distinctions between M. persicae and M. nicotianae; the objective here was to see how much
morphological perturbation may be induced within a clone by rearing at different temperatures and on different host plants.
Temperature and host plant had substantial influences on the morphology of these aphids. The physiological interactions of temperature-host plant-aphid morphology are very complex yet controlling only for temperature and host plant was sufficient to group specimens according to these independent variables with remarkable accuracy using the linear discriminant functions generated with these data. Percent of aphids in which rearing temperature was correctly identified using linear discriminant functions generated for temperature classes was 87%, 63%, and 64% for 15â aC, 20â aC, and 25â aC, respectively. Random designations would be 33%. Correct identification of host plant was 65%, 45%, 47%, and 48% successful for tobacco, turnip, pepper, and okra, respectively. Random designations for host plant would be 25%.
Canonical variates produced clusters by host, temperature, morph, and combinations of these independent variables with varying degrees of discreteness. CV1 by CV2 for host plants gave a very distinct cluster for tobacco and also separate groupings for aphids reared on turnip and pepper. Aphids from the host plant okra were scattered quite widely across the CV1 by CV2 graph. CV1 by CV2 for temperature conditions showed a tight cluster for aphids from 15â aC and still distinct though less closely grouped clusters for both 20â aC and 25â aC rearing temperatures. CV1 by CV2 for the three morphs gave substantial overlap for…
Advisors/Committee Members: Semtner, Paul J. (committeechair), Mullins, Donald E. (committee member), Pfeiffer, Douglas G. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: temperature; morphometrics; morphological plasticity; Myzus nicotianae; host plant; Myzus persicae
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APA (6th Edition):
Marie, J. (2004). Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33305
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Marie, Joan. “Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature.” 2004. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33305.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Marie, Joan. “Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature.” 2004. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Marie J. Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2004. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33305.
Council of Science Editors:
Marie J. Intraclonal Morphological Plasticity within the Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Complex Related to Host Plant and Temperature. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33305
15.
Paullus, Jeffrey Richard.
Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex.
Degree: Neuroscience, 2011, University of California – Riverside
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs4390s
► Cortical sensory maps are highly organized structures that contain point-to-point representations of sensory inputs. This organization emerges in-part from horizontal connections that limit activity-flow across…
(more)
▼ Cortical sensory maps are highly organized structures that contain point-to-point representations of sensory inputs. This organization emerges in-part from horizontal connections that limit activity-flow across representational borders (local-circuit constraint properties). Interestingly, this organization undergoes experience-dependent modifications throughout life. This dissertation examines changes in local-circuit constraint properties during cortical reorganization. Synaptic plasticity of horizontal connections could modify activity-flow across borders. Very little is known about inhibitory synaptic plasticity, its relationship to excitatory synaptic plasticity, and their relationship to functional organization. To investigate this, we located the forepaw/lower jaw (FP/LJ) of the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) in vivo, and used whole cell-patch electrophysiology to record excitatory and inhibitory responses of horizontal connections in vitro. Connections that remained within the representation (continuous) and those that crossed from one representation to another (discontinuous) were both examined before and after tetanization, allowing us to examine differences associated with borders. Tetanic stimulation induced diverse forms of synaptic plasticity, with long-term potentiation (LTP) dominating for excitation and long-term depression dominating for inhibition. The border did not restrict this plasticity in either case. In contrast, tetanization elicited LTP of monosynaptic inhibitory responses in continuous, but not discontinuous connections. These results demonstrate that continuous and discontinuous horizontal connections are capable of diverse plasticity responses that could theoretically functionally reorganize the cortex. Axon remodeling could also change activity-flow across borders. To investigate this, we examined axon remodeling during long-durations of reorganization. We located the FP/LJ border and then iontophoresed a retrograde axonal tracer near the border at different durations of forelimb-denervation or sham-denervation. In sham-denervated animals, neurons close to the border had axonal projections oriented away from the border (axonal bias). Forelimb denervation resulted in a sustained change in border location and a significant reduction in the axonal bias after 6 weeks of denervation, but not after 4 or 12 weeks. The change in axonal bias resulted from axon sprouting across the border at 6 weeks, followed by the retraction of those axons by 12 weeks. This suggests bidirectional axonal rearrangements are associated with relatively long-durations of reorganization. Thus, diverse synaptic and morphological plasticity mechanisms could contribute to functional reorganization.
Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; axon sprouting; inhibitory synaptic plasticity; LTD; LTP; morphological plasticity; somatosensory cortex
…reorganization. Thus, diverse synaptic and morphological plasticity mechanisms could
contribute to… …reorganization could be mediated by several distinct forms of
morphological plasticity, along with… …synapse formation and elimination, at different
neural loci. Morphological plasticity could… …induction of synaptic plasticity
is faster than the induction of morphological plasticity, I… …while morphological
plasticity is more important for later phases of reorganization…
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APA (6th Edition):
Paullus, J. R. (2011). Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs4390s
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Paullus, Jeffrey Richard. “Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex.” 2011. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs4390s.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Paullus, Jeffrey Richard. “Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Paullus JR. Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs4390s.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Paullus JR. Plasticity of Local-Circuit Constraint Properties During Functional Reorganization of Adult Cortex. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2011. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/4gs4390s
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
16.
Weinreb, Alexis.
Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans.
Degree: Docteur es, Biologie, 2018, Lyon
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1137
► Au cours du développement du système nerveux, l'activité des cibles post-synaptiques permet le raffinement du nombre et de la force des connexions neuronales. En employant…
(more)
▼ Au cours du développement du système nerveux, l'activité des cibles post-synaptiques permet le raffinement du nombre et de la force des connexions neuronales. En employant la jonction neuromusculaire de Caenorhabditis elegans comme système modèle, nous avons étudié deux aspects de la mise en place de ces connexions. D'une part, nous montrons que le nombre de récepteurs présents à la jonction neuromusculaire est contrôlé par l'activité musculaire : une augmentation de l'activation synaptique entraîne une régulation différentielle des trois types de récepteurs présents à la jonction neuromusculaire. D'autre part, nous avons étudié les changements de la morphologie de certains motoneurones de la tête du ver, appelés neurones SAB, en fonction de l’activité musculaire. Une diminution de l’activité musculaire durant une période critique du développement entraîne une surcroissance axonale des neurones SAB. À travers différentes approches, nous avons pu identifier la suppression de la surcroissance axonale dans des mutants où la biosynthèse des neuropeptides est perturbée. Enfin, nous avons mis en évidence que la surcroissance axonale apparait également lors de perturbations plus générales de la physiologie cellulaire, telles qu'un choc thermique ou la surexpression d'un transgène, ce qui suggère que le système SAB est plastique et particulièrement sensible au cours du développement
Throughout nervous system development, activity of the post-synaptic targets can regulate the connectivity of neural networks, affecting both the number and strength of synapses. Using the neuromuscular junction of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system, we studied two processes displaying such plasticity. First, we show that the number of receptors present at the neuromuscular synapse is regulated by muscle activity: an increase in synaptic activity can lead to a differential regulation of the three types of receptors present at the neuromuscular junction. Second, we studied the activity-dependent morphological changes of one type of motor neurons in the worm’s head, called the SAB neurons. A decrease of muscle activity during a critical developmental phase leads to SAB axonal overgrowth. Using several approaches, we were able to observe suppression of SAB axonal overgrowth in mutants with a disruption of neuropeptides biosynthesis. Finally, we give evidence that axonal overgrowth also occurs following more general disruptions of cell physiology, such as a heat-shock or transgene overexpression, which suggest that the SAB system is plastic and sensitive during development
Advisors/Committee Members: Bessereau, Jean-Louis (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Jonction neuromusculaire; Activité musculaire; Morphologie neuronale; Morphologie axonale; Caenorhabditis elegans; Période critique; Plasticité morphologique; Plasticité axonale; Neuromuscular junction; Muscle activity; Neuron morphology; Axon morphology; Caenorhabditis elegans; Critical period; Morphological plasticity; Axonal plasticity; 570
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APA (6th Edition):
Weinreb, A. (2018). Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Lyon. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1137
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Weinreb, Alexis. “Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Lyon. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1137.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Weinreb, Alexis. “Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans.” 2018. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Weinreb A. Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1137.
Council of Science Editors:
Weinreb A. Impact de l’activité postsynaptique sur le développement et le maintien de la jonction neuromusculaire de C. elegans : Impact of postsynaptic activity on the development and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction of C. elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1137
Université de Lorraine
17.
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji.
Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences des matériaux, 2016, Université de Lorraine
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037
► Dans cette thèse, deux méthodes de couplage sont proposées pour la simulation multi-échelle des procédés de mise en forme. Dans la première partie, une procédure…
(more)
▼ Dans cette thèse, deux méthodes de couplage sont proposées pour la simulation multi-échelle des procédés de mise en forme. Dans la première partie, une procédure simplifiée (couplage indirect) est adoptée pour coupler les codes éléments finis (Abaqus et LAM3) au modèle polycristallin avec un schéma de transition autocohérente basée sur le comportement élastoplastique du monocristal écrit dans le formalisme des grandes déformations. Cette procédure simplifiée consiste à lier le modèle polycristallin avec l'analyse EF par l'extraction de l'histoire de l'incrément de déformation et de contrainte macroscopique, obtenue à partir d'une simulation EF préliminaire avec une loi phénoménologique, et à l'utiliser comme trajet de chargement dans le modèle polycristallin. Cette méthode est appliquée pour la simulation multi-échelle du procédé de skin-pass. Le suivi du trajet de chargement extrait dans la demi-épaisseur de la tôle a permis de prédire l'évolution des grandeurs physiques associées au modèle de plasticité en particulier la texture cristallographique, la texture morphologique et l'écrouissage. Dans la seconde partie de cette thèse, un modèle polycristallin élastoplastique du type autocohérent en petites déformations est couplé au code EF Abaqus via la routine utilisateur UMAT. Ce couplage (dit couplage direct) consiste à utiliser la théorie de la plasticité cristalline comme loi de comportement à chaque point d'intégration du maillage EF. Le polycristal est représenté par un ensemble de N monocristaux. Chaque fois que le code EF a besoin d'information sur le comportement mécanique aux points d'intégration de chaque EF, le modèle polycristallin est appelé. Pour valider ce couplage développé, nous avons effectué des cas tests de simulation de trajets rhéologiques. Les résultats issus de ce couplage ont été validés avec des modèles de référence. À la différence des modèles phénoménologiques, ce couplage permet non seulement d'avoir des informations sur le comportement macroscopique de la structure mais aussi d'obtenir des informations sur l'état de la microstructure du matériau.
In this thesis, two coupling methods are proposed for the multiscale simulation of forming processes. In the first part, a simplified procedure (indirect coupling) is adopted to couple the finite element codes (Abaqus and LAM3) with a polycrystalline selfconsistent model based on the large strain elastoplastic behavior of single crystals. This simplified procedure consists in linking the polycrystalline model with the FE analysis by extracting the history of the increment of macroscopic strain and stress, obtained from a preliminary FE simulation with a phenomenological law, and then using it as loading path prescribed to the polycrystalline model. This method is applied to multiscale simulation of skin-pass processes. By following on the loading path extracted at the halfthickness of the sheet, we can predict the evolution of some physical parameters associated with the plasticity model, in particular the crystallographic texture, the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Zahrouni, Hamid (thesis director), Abed-Meraim, Farid (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Couplage; Plasticité cristalline; Homogénéisation autocohérente; Éléments finis; Élastoplasticité; Procédés de mise en forme des tôles; Umat; Texture cristallographique; Texture morphologique; Coupling; Crystal plasticity; Self-consistent homogenization; Finite elements; Elasto-plasticity; Sheet metal forming processes; Umat; Crystallographic texture; Morphological texture; 531.015 118; 669
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APA (6th Edition):
Soho, K. D. B. (2016). Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Lorraine. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji. “Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Lorraine. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Soho, Komi Dodzi Badji. “Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Soho KDB. Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Lorraine; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037.
Council of Science Editors:
Soho KDB. Simulation multi-échelle des procédés de fabrication basée sur la plasticité cristalline : Multi-scale simulation of manufacturing processes based on the crystal plasticity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Lorraine; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0037
Mississippi State University
18.
Majure, Lucas C.
THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES.
Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2007, Mississippi State University
URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06282007-120521/
;
► Opuntia species have been poorly studied ecologically and taxonomically in the eastern United States. This study deals with the ecology of Opuntia species in the…
(more)
▼ Opuntia species have been poorly studied ecologically and taxonomically in the eastern United States. This study deals with the ecology of Opuntia species in the mid-south United States and covers not only the high degree of
morphological variation exhibited by taxa, but also the taxonomy and distributions of the group for Mississippi. The taxa in the mid-south have distinct habitat preferences and can be separated based on habitat characterization. Information from this work provides valuable data useful in predicting possible routes that an invasive species, Cactoblastis cactorum (the cactus moth), might use in its potential westward migration. Phenotypic
plasticity exhibited by Opuntia pusilla subjected to experimental conditions exemplifies the care that should be taken when making species delineations. Spine production in certain species is more a function of abiotic environmental pressures than genetic heritage. Two taxa that previously were put into synonymy with other species are recognized from this work.
Advisors/Committee Members: Gary N. Ervin (chair), Christopher M. Taylor (committee member), Richard L. Brown (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Opuntia pusilla; nopales; prickly pear cacti; Opuntia stricta; morphological plasticity; Opuntia humifusa; Cactoblastis cactorum
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APA (6th Edition):
Majure, L. C. (2007). THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06282007-120521/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Majure, Lucas C. “THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06282007-120521/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Majure, Lucas C. “THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES.” 2007. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Majure LC. THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06282007-120521/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Majure LC. THE ECOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF OPUNTIA (CACTACEAE) SPECIES IN THE MID-SOUTH, UNITED STATES. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2007. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-06282007-120521/ ;
University of the Western Cape
19.
Maseng, Monique Rochelle.
Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
.
Degree: 2010, University of the Western Cape
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2600
► The expansion of the South African aquaculture industry coupled with the lack of effective parasite management strategies may potentially have negative effects on both the…
(more)
▼ The expansion of the South African aquaculture industry coupled with the lack of effective parasite management strategies may potentially have negative effects on both the freshwater biodiversity and economics of the aquaculture sector. Koi and goldfish are notorious for the propagation of parasites worldwide, some of which have already infected indigenous fish in
South Africa. Koi and goldfish have been released into rivers in South Africa since the 1800’s for food and sport fish and have since spread extensively. These fish are present in most of the river systems in South Africa and pose an additional threat the indigenous cyprinids in the Western Cape. Monogenean parasites of the genus Gyrodactylus are of particular concern, as their unique biology renders them a possible threat. Gyrodactylus
kherulensis and G. kobayashii were identified from koi and goldfish respectively imported from Asia, Europe and locally bred fish. Morphometrics and the use of statistical classifiers, which includes univariate (ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis), bivariate (Pearson’s correlation) and multivariate (Principal Component Analysis) placed the two species within their respective groups. There was some intraspecific variation among the different populations
collected from the various locations, especially in the hamulus and ventral bar features, but the marginal hooklets, however, remained static for both helminth species. This illustrates again the importance of the minor variations in the marginal hook features in gyrodactylid taxonomy. Infection trials conducted by co-habitation of infected koi and goldfish with two indigenous redfin minnow species, Pseudobarbus burchelli and P. phlegethon showed that
both G. kherulensis and G. kobayashii could successfully transfer and establish themselves on P. phlegethon, where the infection increased rapidly initially, but remained relatively constant thereafter. P. burchelli appeared to be inherently resistant as the parasite population growth rate initially remained steady, until the infection died off. The wild-caught indigenous fish were however not infected with any exotic Gyrodactylus species, but a new species, G. burchelli n. sp. described from the body surfaces of P. burchelli.
Advisors/Committee Members: Christison, Kevin (advisor), Griffiths, Charles (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Challenge infections;
Gyrodactylus;
Gyrodactylus burchelli;
Host specificity;
Morphological variation;
Phenotypic plasticity;
Pseudobarbus sp;
Risk analysis
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APA (6th Edition):
Maseng, M. R. (2010). Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
. (Thesis). University of the Western Cape. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Maseng, Monique Rochelle. “Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
.” 2010. Thesis, University of the Western Cape. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Maseng, Monique Rochelle. “Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
.” 2010. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Maseng MR. Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of the Western Cape; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2600.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Maseng MR. Risk analysis and potential implications of exotic Gyrodactylus species on cultured and wild cyprinids in the Western Cape, South Africa
. [Thesis]. University of the Western Cape; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2600
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Leiden University
20.
Rijssel, J.C. van.
Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids.
Degree: 2014, Leiden University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/24377
► Lake Victoria cichlids show the fastest vertebrate adaptive radiation known which is why they function as a model organism to study evolution. In the past…
(more)
▼ Lake Victoria cichlids show the fastest vertebrate adaptive radiation known which is why they function as a model organism to study evolution. In the past 40 years, Lake Victoria experienced severe environmental changes including the boom of the introduced, predatory Nile perch and eutrophication. Both environmental changes resulted in a decline of haplochromine cichlid species and numbers during the 1980s. However, during the 1990s and 2000s, some haplochromine species recovered. With the use of the unique Lake Victoria cichlid of collection of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center, this thesis showed how the haplochromines have adapted their ecomorphology to the changed environment. In response to a decrease in water clarity, increased predation, larger prey and low dissolved oxygen levels, these fish adapted their eyes, body shape, upper jaw and gills in a way that would be beneficial to the survival of the fish. These adaptive responses could be the result of phenotypic
plasticity or genetically based changes such as natural selection or hybridization or a combination of these three mechanisms. This research showed that the Lake Victoria cichlids are able to adapt extremely fast which is likely to have contributed to their extreme fast adaptive radiation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Richardson, M.K., Witte, F., Leiden University.
Subjects/Keywords: Nile perch; Stable isotopes; Phenotypic plasticity; Morphological changes; Lake Victoria; Eutrophication; Directional selection; Climate change; Cichlids; Adaptive radiation
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APA (6th Edition):
Rijssel, J. C. v. (2014). Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids. (Doctoral Dissertation). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/24377
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rijssel, J C van. “Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Leiden University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1887/24377.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rijssel, J C van. “Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Rijssel JCv. Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Leiden University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/24377.
Council of Science Editors:
Rijssel JCv. Adaptive responses to environmental changes in Lake Victoria cichlids. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Leiden University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/24377
21.
Koprivc Polutnik, Mateja.
Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae).
Degree: 2016, Univerza v Mariboru
URL: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=59080
;
https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=97144&dn=
;
https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/22532360?lang=sl
► Namen našega raziskovalnega dela je bil raziskati in pojasniti fenotipsko plastičnost avstrijskega gadnjaka Scorzonera austriaca znotraj populacij na Nanosu in dveh disjunktnih manjših populacijah izven…
(more)
▼ Namen našega raziskovalnega dela je bil raziskati in pojasniti fenotipsko plastičnost avstrijskega gadnjaka Scorzonera austriaca znotraj populacij na Nanosu in dveh disjunktnih manjših populacijah izven jedra razširjenosti, na Boču in v bližini avstrijskega Gradca. Fenotipsko plastičnost testnih rastlin smo raziskovali na podlagi meritev morfološko-funkcionalnih potez in ekofizioloških meritev, ki so obsegale meritve fotokemične učinkovitosti rastlin – fluorescenco klorofila in vsebnost klorofila v listih ter meritve reproduktivnih znakov. Preko teh parametrov smo spremljali, ali sta izolirani populaciji zaradi fragmentiranosti habitata podvrženi genetskemu zdrsu in inbreedingu ter ali se izoliranost populacije in manj ogodne okoljske razmere (višja nadmorska višina) odražajo na fenotipski plastičnosti. Merjeni parametri so pokazali, da variabilnost fenotipske plastičnosti osebkov vzorčne populacije na Nanosu upada premosorazmerno z višanjem
nadmorske višine. Fenotipska plastičnost vegetativnih delov na višjih nadmorskih višinah je v centru uspevanja manjša zaradi okoljskega stresa (ostrejši, za rastlino manj ugodni abiotski dejavniki). Prav tako smo znake zmanjšane fenotipske plastičnosti zasledili pri populaciji na Boču, ki je najverjetneje posledica fragmentacije habitata oziroma populacije. Visoko fenotipsko plastičnosti pa smo v nasprotju s pričakovanji zasledili pri izolirani populaciji avstrijskega Gradca, kar govori, da so rastline kljub izolirani populaciji še vedno verjetno dovolj genetsko variabilne. Z meritvami fluorescence klorofila smo zasledili zmanjšane vrednosti splošne učinkovitosti rastlin ter nižje vrednosti zelenega barvila pri vzorčnih populacijah Nanosa na višji nadmorski višini in disjunkcijah pri populaciji na Boču. Rezultati so za rastline z Boča in z višjih nadmorskih višin na Nanosu pokazali značilno nižje število cvetočih osebkov in manjše število semen. Za njih je torej značilno, da
izkazujejo nižji fitnes in s tem nižji reproduktivni uspeh.
The objective of the thesis was to research and explain the phenotipic plasticity of Scorzonera austriaca within the population on Mt. Nanos and two smaller disjunct populations, out of the core area of expansion, on Mt. Boč and near Graz (Austria). The phenotipic plasticity of test plants was researched by measuring morphological-functional parameters and by taking ecophysiological measurements, which included measuring photochemical efficiency of plants - chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content in the leaves, and measuring reproductive signs. We monitored, whether two isolated populations are subject to genetic slippage or inbreeding due to habitat fragmentation, and if the phenotipic plasticity is reflected as a consequence of unfavourable environmental factors in Mt. Nanos population. Measured parameters showed that the variability of phenotipic plasticity in tested population subjects on Mt. Nanos, is
decreasing proportionally as altitude increases. The phenotipic plasticity of vegetative parts at higher altitude is smaller in…
Advisors/Committee Members: Kaligarič, Mitja.
Subjects/Keywords: Scorzonera austriaca; fenotipska plastičnost; fragmentacija habitata; okoljski stres; genetski stres; morfološko-funkcionalne poteze; fotosintetska učinkovitost; Scorzonera austriaca; phenotypic plasticity; habitat fragmentation; environmental stress; genetic stress; morphological-functional parameters; photosynthetic activity; chlorophyll fluorescence; info:eu-repo/classification/udc/582.991(497.4).575.21(043.2)
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Koprivc Polutnik, M. (2016). Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae). (Masters Thesis). Univerza v Mariboru. Retrieved from https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=59080 ; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=97144&dn= ; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/22532360?lang=sl
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Koprivc Polutnik, Mateja. “Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae).” 2016. Masters Thesis, Univerza v Mariboru. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=59080 ; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=97144&dn= ; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/22532360?lang=sl.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Koprivc Polutnik, Mateja. “Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae).” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Koprivc Polutnik M. Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Univerza v Mariboru; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=59080 ; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=97144&dn= ; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/22532360?lang=sl.
Council of Science Editors:
Koprivc Polutnik M. Fenotipska plastičnost znotraj populacij in med njimi na primeru avstrijskega gadnjaka ( Scorzonera austriaca , Cichoriaceae). [Masters Thesis]. Univerza v Mariboru; 2016. Available from: https://dk.um.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=59080 ; https://dk.um.si/Dokument.php?id=97144&dn= ; https://plus.si.cobiss.net/opac7/bib/22532360?lang=sl
University of Lund
22.
Vinterstare, Jerker.
Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits.
Degree: 2021, University of Lund
URL: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8a93a761-d44c-48fb-9bcc-5d20bf460666
;
https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/91129529/e_spik_ex_Jerker.pdf
► Almost all species face some degree of predation risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require resources, and…
(more)
▼ Almost all species face some degree of predation
risk, and, hence, evolution has produced a plethora of
anti-predator defences. However, anti-predator strategies require
resources, and the prevailing risk of becoming prey is influenced
by many factors and rarely constant across time and space.
Evolution has therefore favoured the development of phenotypic
plasticity in anti-predator defences. The capacity of a single
genotype to fine-tune its phenotype according to the prevailing
risk of predation results in a closer phenotype-environment match
in the mercurial environments of the natural world. Interest in the
ecology and evolution of inducible defences has progressed the
development of its theoretical underpinnings, along with empirical
tests of theoretical predictions. Inter-individual differences in
the expression of inducible traits are nowadays understood
ubiquitous, and this intriguing variation holds possibility to
bridge our current knowledge gap on the proximate, physiological
mechanisms underlying inducible morphological defence regulation.
In this thesis, I address unanswered questions on the proximate,
physiological processes behind phenotypic plasticity in
morphological defences. I first examine classic resource-allocation
trade-offs to search for hidden physiological costs coupled with
perceived predation risk and investment into a morphological
defence. I further employ a recent hypothesis of physiological
stress being the mechanism driving morphological defence
regulation. To test my predictions, I have used a well-established
model system for the study of inducible morphological defences, the
crucian carp (Carassius carassius). I show that innate immune
functions are altered by predator exposure, and that the defence
against pathogens is correlated with the morphological defence
against larger-sized enemies (predators). Second, from a series of
laboratory experiments and field studies, I demonstrate support for
the hypothesis of stress physiology being involved in plastic
defence expression, and that crucian carp display clear sexual
dimorphism in the anti-predator phenotype. I suggest that this is
due to sex-specific trade-off dynamics, where females invest more
into reproduction, resulting in less resources for anti-predator
protection. Finally, I present novel trait changes (changes in body
colour, diel activity and eye morphology) in response to non-lethal
predation risk that may act in synergy to produce an integrated
anti-predator phenotype. In summary, my results illustrate a
potential causality from the vertebrate stress axis to the
regulation of morphological defence expression. Further, my thesis
highlights variation and complexity on the route to producing
optimal anti-predator phenotypes under competing demands from other
interests.
Subjects/Keywords: Biological Sciences; Phenotypic plasticity; inducible defences; stress physiology; cortisol; immune function; trade-offs; sexual dimorphism; crucian carp; visual ecology; predator-prey interactions; POMC (pro-opiomelanocortin); colour change; eco-immunology; Anti-predator defences; Inducible morphological defence; Phenotypic plasticity; Stress physiology; Cortisol; Immune function; Crucian carp; Predator-prey interactions; Trade-offs; Sexual dimorphism; POMC; Pro-opiomelanocortin; Visual ecology; Eye evolution; Melanin; Eco-immunology; Pace-of-life; Behavioural plasticity
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Vinterstare, J. (2021). Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8a93a761-d44c-48fb-9bcc-5d20bf460666 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/91129529/e_spik_ex_Jerker.pdf
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vinterstare, Jerker. “Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits.” 2021. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8a93a761-d44c-48fb-9bcc-5d20bf460666 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/91129529/e_spik_ex_Jerker.pdf.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vinterstare, Jerker. “Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits.” 2021. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Vinterstare J. Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2021. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8a93a761-d44c-48fb-9bcc-5d20bf460666 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/91129529/e_spik_ex_Jerker.pdf.
Council of Science Editors:
Vinterstare J. Defence on Demand : A physiological perspective on
phenotypic plasticity in anti-predator traits. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2021. Available from: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/8a93a761-d44c-48fb-9bcc-5d20bf460666 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/91129529/e_spik_ex_Jerker.pdf
23.
Vale, Aline Amália do.
Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae).
Degree: 2010, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Imunologia e Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias/Genética e Biotecnologia; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas
URL: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4271
► CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Lippia alba (Verbenaceae),…
(more)
▼ CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Lippia alba (Verbenaceae), popularmente conhecida no Brasil como erva cidreira, é amplamente distribuída nas Américas, onde ocorre em praticamente todos os tipos de ambientes, sendo muito cultivada para uso medicinal. A espécie apresenta grande plasticidade fenotípica, sendo possível observar variações quanto ao hábito, filotaxia, forma e dimensão das folhas, o que dificulta sua classificação taxonômica e a sua utilização na farmacologia. Análises anteriores revelaram a existência de diferentes quimiotipos com diferentes atividades farmacológicas. A proposta deste trabalho foi entender a ampla variação fenotípica existente em L. alba, por meio de uma abordagem multidisciplinar, utilizando 32 acessos da espécie coletados em diferentes regiões do Brasil e mantidos sob as mesmas condições ambientais. Além disso
objetivou-se contribuir para a caracterização dos acessos e entender melhor os padrões de especiação em Lippia. Dentre os acessos analisados foram encontradas variações morfológicas tanto em caracteres vegetativos quanto em caracteres reprodutivos. Por meio da estimativa da quantidade de DNA por citometria de fluxo foi possível dividir os acessos em sete grupos com quantidades significativamente diferentes de DNA. Os grupos variaram de 2,31 pg a 6,70 pg de DNA. Na contagem cromossômica realizada por análises em células meióticas e mitóticas foram observados seis números cromossômicos diferentes, 2n=30, 2n=34, 2n=51, 2n=58, 2n=60 e 2n=93, evidenciando níveis de ploidia diferentes na espécie. Na análise palinológica foram observados grãos de pólen com abertura di, tri ou tetracolporadas. Os grupos com acessos diplóides e com menores quantidades de DNA apresentaram apenas grãos tricolporados. Os grãos di e tetracolporados foram observados em acessos com maiores níveis de ploidia. Apesar
dos resultados do presente estudo não terem auxiliado na divisão de grupos morfológicos bem definidos, eles demonstram que mesmo sob condições controladas os acessos apresentaram variações morfológicas evidenciando a existência de variação genética como um fator importante para explicar a grande plasticidade fenotípica observada. A existência de níveis de ploidias diferentes sugere que a espécie Lippia alba pode estar em processo de especiação. Além das variações morfológicas e citogenéticas, as variações estomáticas e palinológicas reforçam essa conclusão.
Lippia alba (Verbenaceae), commonly known as erva cidreira in Brazil, is largely widespread in the Americas, where it grows in almost all environments. It is frequently grown for medicinal use. The species presents a high phenotypic plasticity, varying in habit, phyllotaxy, leaf form and size, thus putting difficulties to its taxonomical classification and use in pharmacology. Past analyses revealed the existence of different
chemotypes with different pharmacological activities. The proposal of this work was understanding the great…
Advisors/Committee Members: Viccini, Lyderson Facio, Santos, Marcelo de Oliveira, Salimena, Fátima Regina Gonçalves, Schnadelbach, Alessandra.
Subjects/Keywords: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOLOGIA GERAL; Lippia Alba; Variação morfológica; Variação cromossômica; Variação palinológica; Variação estomática; Plasticidade fenotípica; Lippia alba; Morphological variation; Chromossomal variation; Palynological variation; Stomatal variation; Phenotypic plasticity
Record Details
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Vale, A. A. d. (2010). Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae). (Masters Thesis). Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Imunologia e Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias/Genética e Biotecnologia; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4271
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Vale, Aline Amália do. “Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae).” 2010. Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Imunologia e Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias/Genética e Biotecnologia; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4271.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Vale, Aline Amália do. “Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae).” 2010. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Vale AAd. Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Imunologia e Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias/Genética e Biotecnologia; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4271.
Council of Science Editors:
Vale AAd. Plasticidade fenotípica em acessos de Lippia Alba (Mill.) N. E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (Verbenaceae). [Masters Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF); Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Imunologia e Doenças Infecto-Parasitárias/Genética e Biotecnologia; UFJF; Brasil; ICB – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas; 2010. Available from: https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4271
24.
Alves, Gilberto Terra Ribeiro.
Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.
Degree: 2007, Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais – PPGERN; UFSCar; BR
URL: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1998
► Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth is a large sized bamboo native of the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, with a semi-scandent habitat,…
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▼ Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos
Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth is a large sized bamboo native of the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest, with a semi-scandent habitat, pachymorphic rhizome and thorns for fixation on trees. Nowadays this bamboo is considered an invasive species in secondary forests, where its populations are supposedly in expansion. The general objective of this study, developed in Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO), RJ, was to investigate the life history of G. tagoara from two perspectives: (a) to know the ecological basis of its supposed invasive potential and (b) to discuss it in the context of theoretical ecology and evolution of mast seeding plants. This dissertation was based primarily on three moments of the G. tagoara life cycle, studied in the scales of clump, genet and ramet. The investigated aspects of its life history were: mast seeding followed by parental death (monocarpy), regeneration from seed, synchrony
and reproductive interval, development, morphological plasticity and intra and infra-specific diversity. At least at PARNASO, the life cycle of G. tagoara is strictly monocarpic, its regeneration from seeds occurred mainly in the interior of the senescent clumps. The majority of reproductive events were concentrated in 2004, suggesting a pattern known as flowering distribution for this region. The spatial gregarism of G. tagoara seems to be associated to the intra-clump reproductive synchrony, and the selective advantage of monocarpy seems to be the creation of regeneration sites for the following cohort. The same seems to be valid for other monocarpic species of Guadua with a tendency for gregarism. It was not possible to establish a reproductive interval for G. tagoara, but four possible flowering patterns were proposed for its life history. Although the adult genets have long spacers (necks), the rhizomes in the 2004 and 2006 cohorts did not present this character. Culm
ramification occurred before rhizome ramification, and the thorns appeared just in the second year of the young genets. These cohorts (2004 and 2005) differed among them in structural characters, except in the number of living culms per genet, and presented characteristics here considered to be adaptations for the regeneration inside the clumps or other kinds of gaps. The morphological plasticity presented by the different patterns of ramification, by the reiterative growth and by the deviance from obstacles during elongation was observed in the culms of adult genets. The reiterative growth was also seen in the 2004 and 2005 cohorts, as well as articulated culms and the presence of invertebrates in their interior, including the internodes filled with water. Climatic seasonality doesn t restrict the growth of G. tagoara, but it is potentialized in the rainy season. Adult genets of this bamboo seem to grow during the whole year in PARNASO. Morphological plasticity observed in their
culms can be considered a foraging behavior searching for light and space in the canopy. G. tagoara also has a large…
Advisors/Committee Members: Matos, Dalva Maria da Silva.
Subjects/Keywords: Ecologia; História de vida; Ecologia populacional; Mata Atlântica; Bambu; Crescimento clonal; Frutificação em massa; Monocarpia; Plasticidade morfológica; Bamboo; Clonal growth; Mast seeding; Monocarpy; Morphological plasticity; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA
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APA (6th Edition):
Alves, G. T. R. (2007). Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. (Masters Thesis). Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais – PPGERN; UFSCar; BR. Retrieved from https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1998
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alves, Gilberto Terra Ribeiro. “Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais – PPGERN; UFSCar; BR. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1998.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alves, Gilberto Terra Ribeiro. “Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ.” 2007. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Alves GTR. Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais – PPGERN; UFSCar; BR; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1998.
Council of Science Editors:
Alves GTR. Aspectos da história de vida de Guadua tagoara (Nees) Kunth (Poaceae:Bambuseae) na Serra dos Órgãos, RJ. [Masters Thesis]. Universidade Federal de São Carlos; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais – PPGERN; UFSCar; BR; 2007. Available from: https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/1998
University of Canterbury
25.
Turnbull, M.H.
The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation.
Degree: Biological Sciences, 2006, University of Canterbury
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5548
► The divaricating shoot habit is typified by a suite of architectural traits, quantified here using phylogenetic independent comparisons of three pairs of congeners, with or…
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▼ The divaricating shoot habit is typified by a suite of architectural traits, quantified here using phylogenetic independent comparisons of three pairs of congeners, with or without the habit. We consider the hypothesis that the habit evolved as a structural photoprotection mechanism that maximises potential carbon fixation by minimising photoinhibition. Plants were grown in pots in full sun, or behind vertical screens transmitting c. 25, 52, or 73% sunlight. When shaded, all species shifted partitioning of biomass from stem thickening to leaf area expansion and occupied a larger crown volume for a given shoot biomass. Leaf numbers per stem length of divaricates and non-divaricates were greater in the lower and upper canopies, respectively, consistent with the view that in divaricates outer branches protect inner leaves. However, leaf numbers per stem length showed no response to variation in high light receipt. Divaricates showed some traits typical of plants adapted to sunny habitats: smaller effective leaf size, lesser fractional partitioning of biomass to leaves, and greater foliage densities. Other traits of divaricates were typical of plants adapted to shaded habitats: lesser stem diameters, stem biomass per unit stem length, leader dominance, leaf area index, and heights relative to crown diameters; and more horizontal twig orientations. Compensation for high costs of support of photosynthetic area in divaricates (leaf area per unit shoot biomass c. 1.3 m2 kg-1) compared with non-divaricates (c. 5.5 m2 kg-1) would require a larger enhancement of net canopy photosynthesis than is likely to arise from avoidance of photoinhibition.
Subjects/Keywords: divaricate; morphological plasticity; penumbra; photoprotection; support costs; Field of Research::07 - Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences::0706 - Horticultural Production::070601 - Horticultural Crop Growth and Development; Field of Research::06 - Biological Sciences::0607 - Plant Biology::060703 - Plant Developmental and Reproductive Biology
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Turnbull, M. H. (2006). The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation. (Thesis). University of Canterbury. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5548
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Turnbull, M H. “The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation.” 2006. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5548.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Turnbull, M H. “The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation.” 2006. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Turnbull MH. The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2006. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5548.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Turnbull MH. The architecture of New Zealand's divaricate shrubs in relation to light adaptation. [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5548
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations
