subject:(microbiota)

University of Edinburgh

1. Glendinning, Laura. Sheep lung microbiota.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Edinburgh

► Until recently it was assumed that the healthy mammalian lung did not harbour a microbiota, unlike other body sites. However, through the use of sequencing… (more)

▼ Until recently it was assumed that the healthy mammalian lung did not harbour a microbiota, unlike other body sites. However, through the use of sequencing based technologies this has been shown to not be the case. Low biomass communities of microbes can be identified in the healthy lung and the lung microbiota in various diseases states has been shown to differ form these 'healthy' communities. The sheep respiratory microbiota is of interest from both an animal health perspective and due to the potential use of the sheep as a large animal model for studying the lung microbiota. In this thesis I seek to characterise the composition and variability of the sheep lung microbiota; the differences between the sheep upper and lower respiratory tract bacterial communities and to assess whether exhaled breath condensate collection can be used as a non-invasive lung microbiota sampling method. To study the bacterial communities present in samples I have used 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. In Chapter 3 I examine the inter-individual and spatial variability present within the sheep lung microbiota. Protected specimen brushings were collected from three lung segments in six animals at three time-points. In a separate sheep a greater number of brushings was taken (n=16) in order to examine the amount of variability over a smaller spatial scale. I find that there can be large differences between the bacterial communities isolated from different locations within the lung, even over short distances. Samples also cluster by the sheep from which they were taken, indicating a host specific influence on the lung microbiota. In Chapter 4 I compare whole lung washes and oropharyngeal swabs from 40 lambs in order to examine the differences between the upper and lower respiratory tract microbiotas. I find that oropharyngeal swabs separate into rumen-like or upper respiratory tract-like bacterial communities. Despite the fact that in humans the upper and lower respiratory microbiotas have been shown to have similar compositions, the sheep lung microbiota samples in this study do not resemble either oropharyngeal samples or reagent only controls. In my first two results chapters, lung sampling methods were used which involved either anaesthesia combined with a bronchoscopic procedure (Chapter 3) or samples being taken from dead animals (Chapter 4). In Chapter 5 I assess whether there is a less invasive way of taking lung microbiota samples from a living individual, both to minimise the procedural stress on animals used as models and to increase the pool of potential volunteers for human lung microbiota studies. I compared samples taken via protected specimen brushings to samples taken via exhaled breath condensate collection, a less invasive sampling technique. I find that condensate samples contain less bacterial DNA and different bacteria than brushing samples, indicating that it is unlikely they could be used as a replacement for invasive sampling methods. In my final results chapter I compare the results across Chapters 3, 4 and 5…

Subjects/Keywords: lung microbiota; sheep microbiota; 16S

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APA (6^th Edition):

Glendinning, L. (2017). Sheep lung microbiota. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29541

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Glendinning, Laura. “Sheep lung microbiota.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29541.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Glendinning, Laura. “Sheep lung microbiota.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Glendinning L. Sheep lung microbiota. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29541.

Council of Science Editors:

Glendinning L. Sheep lung microbiota. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29541

Texas A&M University

2. Whitfield-Cargile, Canaan M. NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158982

► Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most frequently used classes of medications in the world, they are well-known to induce an enteropathy that… (more)

▼ Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are among the most frequently used classes of medications in the world, they are well-known to induce an enteropathy that is associated with high morbidity and mortality in upwards of 70% of users. The diagnosis of NSAID enteropathy is difficult. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which NSAIDs induce enteropathy remain ill-defined although microbiota-host interactions appear to play an important role. Importantly, in addition to difficulty in diagnosing this disease, there are also no effective treatment strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine if the microbiota-derived metabolite indole, could attenuate severity of NSAID enteropathy. A second goal was to determine if the transcriptome of exfoliated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) found in the stool could be reflective of NSAID enteropathy, thereby allowing a non-invasive approach to studying how the mucosal transcriptome is altered by NSAIDs and potentially discriminating between healthy and diseased animals. We utilized a mouse model of NSAID enteropathy, whereby mice were assigned to 1 of 4 groups: 1) NSAID; 2) indole; 3) NSAID + indole; and, 4) untreated controls. Disease severity was determined by a number of assays including: fecal calprotectin, microscopic pathology, neutrophil infiltration, and RNA-seq of the ileal mucosa. Diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota was determined by 16S rRNA sequencing. Non-invasive examination of the mucosal transcriptome was determined by isolation and sequencing of polyA+ RNA from the stool followed by novel computational approaches to assess the inter-relatedness of exfoliated and tissue-level transcriptomes. Results from these assays revealed that indole did in fact attenuate disease severity and this improvement appeared to be related to composition of the microbiota. In addition, approximately 96% of all genes that were mapped from the exfoliated cell RNA were also present in the tissue-level RNA and the pathways represented by these genes and their directional changes were similar in both the small intestinal mucosa and exfoliated IEC transcriptome. These findings demonstrate that the exfoliated cell transcriptome correlates to the tissue-level transcriptome and can be used to gain longitudinal information related to NSAID-induced alterations of the mucosal transcriptome and to discriminate between diseased and healthy animals. Advisors/Committee Members: Cohen, Noah D (advisor), Alaniz, Robert (committee member), Hardy, Joanne (committee member), Lawhon, Sara (committee member), Suchodolski, Jan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: enteropathy; microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Whitfield-Cargile, C. M. (2016). NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158982

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Whitfield-Cargile, Canaan M. “NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158982.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Whitfield-Cargile, Canaan M. “NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Whitfield-Cargile CM. NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158982.

Council of Science Editors:

Whitfield-Cargile CM. NSAID Enteropathy: Novel Aspects of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/158982

McMaster University

3. Perez Guzman, Elizabeth. Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety.

Degree: MSc, 2017, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22310

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Depression and anxiety are etiologically heterogeneous disorders and their pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Gut microbiota has been shown to modulate brain function, behavior, and immune… (more)

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Depression and anxiety are etiologically heterogeneous disorders and their pathophysiology remains largely unknown. Gut microbiota has been shown to modulate brain function, behavior, and immune responses, and it has also been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression and anxiety. Our study aimed to investigate whether microbiota from patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) can induce anxiety and depressive-like behaviour in germ-free mice and whether this is accompanied by changes in immune markers and brain activity. Germ-free NIH Swiss mice (n=27) were colonized with microbiota from either a GAD patient (n=13) with severe anxiety and comorbid depression or an age and sex-matched healthy control (HC) (n=14). Six mice from each group were treated with infliximab for three weeks (5mg/kg/week) starting at week 1 post-colonization. Microbiota profiles were assessed via 16S rRNA based Illumina. Three weeks post-colonization, all mice underwent six standard psychometric tests, including the open field, digging, marble-burying, and tail-suspension test. Cecal -defensin-3 and serum kynurenine/tryptophan were measured via ELISA. BDNF expression was assessed by immunofluorescence, and gene expression by using Nanostring gene assay. Fecal -defensin levels were higher in GAD patients than in healthy controls. Similarly, -defensin levels were higher in GAD-colonized mice than in HC-colonized mice. GAD and HC-colonized mice had a unique and distinct microbiota, similar to that of their respective human donors. GAD-colonized mice exhibited anxiety and depressive-like behavior compared to HC- colonized mice, as assessed by the open field, digging, marble burying and tail suspension tests. BDNF expression was decreased in the hippocampus but increased in the amygdala of GAD-colonized mice. GAD-colonized mice also had a greater kynurenine/tryptophan ratio than HC-colonized mice. GAD and HC infliximab-treated mice showed no differences in behavior, central BDNF expression or kynurenine/tryptophan levels. Our results suggest that GAD microbiota has the ability to induce anxiety and depressive-like behavior and alter brain BDNF expression in a murine host. These changes are accompanied by the activation of the innate immune system and seem to be TNF- dependent.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Advisors/Committee Members: Bercik, Premysl, Medical Sciences (Division of Physiology/Pharmacology).

Subjects/Keywords: microbiota; anxiety

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APA (6^th Edition):

Perez Guzman, E. (2017). Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22310

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Perez Guzman, Elizabeth. “Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety.” 2017. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22310.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Perez Guzman, Elizabeth. “Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Perez Guzman E. Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22310.

Council of Science Editors:

Perez Guzman E. Functional Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Anxiety. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22310

Universitat Politècnica de València

4. Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette. Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad .

Degree: 2012, Universitat Politècnica de València

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16927

► La prevalencia de la obesidad es cada vez mayor y especialmente en niños y adolescentes. En el desarrollo de la obesidad interviene la dieta, factores… (more)

▼ La prevalencia de la obesidad es cada vez mayor y especialmente en niños y adolescentes. En el desarrollo de la obesidad interviene la dieta, factores genéticos, endócrinos, psicológicos y ambientales. El primer objetivo específico fue determinar la influencia de una intervención para el tratamiento de la obesidad sobre la microbiota intestinal de adolescentes obesos y con sobrepeso. Mediante las técnicas de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa a tiempo real (q-PCR) y de hibridación con fluorescencia in situ (FISH) se cuantificaron los principales grupos bacterianos del tracto intestinal. Los adolescentes que experimentaron mayor perdida de peso, presentaron mayor cantidad de bacterias de los grupos Bacteroides fragilis, Clostridium leptum, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, Lactobacillus, y menor de los grupos y especies de Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Clostridium coccoides, B. breve y B.bifidum, antes y después de la intervención con respecto al grupo de menor pérdida de peso. El segundo objetivo fue evaluar la microbiota intestinal de mujeres embarazadas con sobrepeso debido a que su microbiota influye en la microbiota del hijo. Con el análisis de la microbiota por qPCR y de parámetros bioquímicos se obtuvo que las mujeres con sobrepeso presentaron menor cantidad de Bifidobacterias y Bacteroides, y mayor cantidad de Staphylococcus, Enterobacterias y E.coli. que en el grupo normopeso. El número de Staphylococcus presentó una correlación positiva con el colesterol total, Bacteroides positiva con el colesterol HDL y con el ácido fólico, y negativa con los triglicéridos, el número de Bifidobacteriums presentó una correlación positiva con el ácido fólico, y los de Enterobacteriaceae y E.coli presentaron una correlación positiva con ferritina y negativa con transferrina. Por todo ello se puede decir, que la microbiota intestinal esta relacionada con el peso corporal, con la ganancia de peso y los parámetros metabólicos durante el embarazo, lo cual puede ser Advisors/Committee Members: Sanz Herranz, Mª Yolanda (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota; Obesidad

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APA (6^th Edition):

Santacruz López, Y. A. (2012). Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad . (Doctoral Dissertation). Universitat Politècnica de València. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16927

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette. “Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad .” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Universitat Politècnica de València. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16927.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Santacruz López, Yolanda Arlette. “Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad .” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Santacruz López YA. Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16927.

Council of Science Editors:

Santacruz López YA. Influencia de la microbiota intestinal en la obesidad . [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universitat Politècnica de València; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10251/16927

University of Manitoba

5. Priyantha, Wengappuliarachchi. Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota.

Degree: Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30840

► Background: Human breast milk is a primary source of bacteria for the infant gut. This study aims to develop bacterial DNA extraction methods to determine… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Priyantha, W. (n.d.). Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30840

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Priyantha, Wengappuliarachchi. “Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota.” Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30840.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Priyantha, Wengappuliarachchi. “Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota.” Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Priyantha W. Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30840.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Priyantha W. Infant gut microbiota changes during lactation and how it is shaped by human breast milk microbiota. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/30840

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

6. Bilen, Melhem. Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics.

Degree: Docteur es, Pathologie humaine. Maladies infectieuses, 2018, Aix Marseille Université

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0177

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Le microbiote intestinal humain a été fortement corrélé avec la santé humaine et les maladies et a montré un potentiel dans les développements thérapeutiques. La… (more)

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Le microbiote intestinal humain a été fortement corrélé avec la santé humaine et les maladies et a montré un potentiel dans les développements thérapeutiques. La métagénomique a déjà montré qu'elle était capable de générer beaucoup de données, dont certaines sont dénuées de sens et constituaient la "matière noire". Alors culturomics a été développée pour compléter la métagénomique en ciblant des espèces bactériennes précédemment non cultivées. En utilisant la culturomics, nous avons décrit le microbiote intestinal humain des Pygmées et réussi à isoler un nombre significatif d'espèces bactériennes parmi lesquelles 38 étaient de nouvelles espèces. En comparant les résultats métagénomiques aux données culturomics, on constate que seulement 26% des espèces isolées ont été récupérées par métagénomique et que jusqu'à 59% des Operational taxonomic units détectées correspondaient à de nouvelles espèces bactériennes isolées par culturomique dans cette étude ou dans les précédentes.

The human gut microbiota has been correlated in general health and diseases. Thus its description became mandatory to better understand its role and therapeutic potential. However, metagenomics has previously showed to be able to generate a lot of data, of which some are meaningless and constituted the “Dark matter”. Thus, culturomics was developed to complement metagenomics by targeting previously uncultured bacterial species. Using culturomics, we described the human gut microbiota of Pygmy people and succeeded in isolating a significant number of bacterial species out of which 38 were new species. Comparing metagenomics results to culturomics data, we see that only 26% of the isolated species were recovered by metagenomics and that up to 59% of the Operational taxonomic units detected corresponded to new bacterial species isolated by culturomics either in this study or in previous ones.

Advisors/Committee Members: Raoult, Didier (thesis director), Daoud, Ziad (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiote; Microbiota

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bilen, M. (2018). Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). Aix Marseille Université. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0177

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bilen, Melhem. “Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Aix Marseille Université. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0177.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bilen, Melhem. “Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Bilen M. Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Aix Marseille Université 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0177.

Council of Science Editors:

Bilen M. Description of the human gut microbiota by culturomics : Description du microbiote intestinal humain par culturomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Aix Marseille Université 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0177

7. Bergentall, Mattias. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.

Degree: 2017, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

► The gut microbiota, a complex and dynamic community of microbes in the mammalian gut, has coevolved with us for ample time providing mutual benefits. However,… (more)

▼ The gut microbiota, a complex and dynamic community of microbes in the mammalian gut, has coevolved with us for ample time providing mutual benefits. However, mechanistic knowledge of these has been limited, but are now becoming increasingly clear. We used germ-free mice to study three aspects of host physiology; the effects of the microbiota on small intestinal postnatal vascularization (I), small intestinal permeability (II), as well as the interplay between the gut microbiota and a steatogenic diet and the subsequent effects on hepatic metabolism (III). In Paper I we found a new mechanism underlying microbiota-induced vascular remodeling in the small intestinal villi. This mechanism involves activation of protease activated receptor-1(PAR1) induced by microbial regulation of tissue factor activity. As a consequence of PAR1 signaling we observe increased angiopoietin expression in the intestinal epithelium and subsequent expansion of blood vasculature. In Paper II we applied Ussing chambers to determine small intestinal permeability and observed increased permeability in conventionally raised (CONV-R) mice, compared with germ-free (GF) mice. This was accompanied by reduced mRNA expression of tight junction proteins and ultrastructure analyses revealed wider tight junctions and reduced numbers of desmosomes. The alterations between GF and CONV-R mice were abolished in the absence of farnesoid X receptor. In Paper III we investigated if the gut microbiota interacted with dietary sucrose to induce hepatic steatosis. GF and CONV-R mice were fed a zero-fat, high-sucrose diet (ZFD) or control diet and we observed a synergistic effect of diet and microbiota on hepatic steatosis by induction of de novo lipogenesis. Furthermore, we could establish a central role for the transcription factor sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in this process. In conclusion, these studies show that the microbiota induces expansion of intestinal vasculature and increased permeability, which may both contribute to metabolic effects. Further, the microbiota is required for a zero-fat, high sucrose diet to be steatogenic. This could give rise to novel treatment options for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Keywords: Gut microbiota, Intestinal permeability, Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ISBN: 978-91-629-0121-9 (TRYCK) ISBN: 978-91-628-0122-6 (PDF)

Subjects/Keywords: microbiota; metabolism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bergentall, M. (2017). On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bergentall, Mattias. “On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.” 2017. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bergentall, Mattias. “On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Bergentall M. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bergentall M. On the role of gut microbiota in intestinal physiology and hepatic metabolism. [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/50862

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Namibia

8. Angula, Maria A. Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions .

Degree: 2017, University of Namibia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1945

► Microbiota associated with beef biltong has not been assessed in Namibia and there is limited data in the literature describing the presence and role of… (more)

▼ Microbiota associated with beef biltong has not been assessed in Namibia and there is limited data in the literature describing the presence and role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in biltong products which is involved in the transformation of many aroma and flavour compounds and therefore, the quality of the final product. The aims of this study were to document the steps involved in beef biltong production, determine the physicochemical parameters that may influence microbial growth, characterize and identify LAB, yeast and moulds associated with beef biltong and, profiling LAB isolates for enzymatic and bacteriocin activities. Beef biltong is produced by a dry curing process. Its average pH ranged from 5.1±0.15 to 5.98±0.16, average sodium chloride content ranged from 3.16±0.62 to 3.98±0.86 g/100g, the average moisture content ranged from 7.56±7.56% to 18.86±8.96% and average water activity (aw) ranged from 0.79±0.05 to 0.84±0.06. Beef biltong samples from Otjozondjupa, Omaheke and Khomas regions were characterized with an average total plate count ranging from 5.4±0.36 to 6.46±0.36 log CFU/g, average total LAB ranging from 5.66±0.41 to 7.02±0.35 log CFU/g while average total yeast and moulds ranged from 5.25±0.78 to 6.14±0.14 log CFU/g. Yeasts associated with beef biltong were identified as Candida zeylanoides, C. guilliermondii, C. famata, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, Meyerozyma guiliermondii and Yarrowia lipolytica using API 20 C AUX and sequencing of the 26S rRNA and ITS genes. The LAB were identified using API 50CHL and sequencing of the 16S rRNA as: Lactobacillus brevis, L. graminis, L. plantarum, L. pentosus, L. paraplantarum, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. mesenteroides, Pediococcus acidilactici, P. pentosaceus, Weisella cibaria, and W. confusa, The cell free supernatant (CFS) of LAB was found to exhibit a variable degree of antimicrobial activity by agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium perfringens, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. After pH neutralization of the CFS, the antimicrobial activity due to bacteriocin or bacteriocin-like substances was detected in L. plantarum against B. subtilis, C. albicans and A. niger. Enzymatic activities detected in LAB using API ZYM included esterase, lipase, valine arylamidase, cysteine arylamidase, acid phosphatase, leucine arylamidase and β galactosidase. Beef biltong samples were associated with beneficial yeast with applications in food industries, as well as LAB with biotechnological properties such as enzymatic activity and bacteriocin production. Therefore, these strains may be important to be used as starter cultures to improve the quality and safety of meat products.

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota ; Beef biltong

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APA (6^th Edition):

Angula, M. A. (2017). Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions . (Thesis). University of Namibia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1945

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Angula, Maria A. “Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions .” 2017. Thesis, University of Namibia. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1945.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Angula, Maria A. “Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions .” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Angula MA. Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1945.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Angula MA. Identification and characterization of beneficial microbiota in beef biltong from Namibia Central regions . [Thesis]. University of Namibia; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11070/1945

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University

9. Hayes, Christina L. IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY.

Degree: PhD, 2018, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23384

►

The intestinal barrier is responsible for digestion, absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste, while maintaining local tolerance towards the luminal microbiota and limiting antigen… (more)

▼

The intestinal barrier is responsible for digestion, absorption of nutrients and elimination of waste, while maintaining local tolerance towards the luminal microbiota and limiting antigen exposure. Immune and physiological characteristics are used to facilitate these functions and mediate intestinal immune responses in order to maintain homeostasis. Integrity and function of the intestinal barrier are critical to maintaining health, as dysfunction and aberrant barrier microbiota interactions are evident in chronic inflammatory intestinal disorders. However, to elucidate the relative contributions of microbiota and barrier dysfunction in disease, first we need to better understand their interactions. Thus, the overall goal of my thesis is to determine whether and how the gut microbiota impacts the intestinal barrier. In Chapter 3 of this thesis I characterized the changes in intestinal barrier function and integrity that follow colonization of germ-free mice with human commensal microbiota. I determined that colon structure and paracellular permeability reach the physiological state within a week of colonization, resulting in resilience towards chemically induced inflammation and reduced systemic bacterial antigen exposure. In Chapter 4, germ-free and in vitro experiments were implemented to ascertain the effect of microbiota on innate immune barrier function. In collaboration with other lab members, I determined that bacteria differentially impact intestinal epithelial cell production of the antimicrobial peptide RegIII-γ, mediated by MyD88-Ticam1 signaling. Finally, in Chapter 5 I explored the therapeutic potential of Bifidobacterium breve NCC2950 and found that live B. breve promoted resilience towards chemically induced injury and inflammation, and recovery was promoted by live and heat inactivated formulations. Together these findings demonstrate the key role of the microbiota in establishing and modulating intestinal barrier function and integrity, providing a basis from which dysfunctional microbiota-barrier interactions can be better understood. Furthermore, these findings support the investigation of microbiota-targeted therapies to promote intestinal barrier integrity.

Thesis

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

The epithelial lining of the intestines, called the intestinal barrier, is the first line of defence against the potentially harmful microorganisms that populate the gut, collectively termed the microbiota. The intestinal barrier must moderate microbiota-host interactions to prevent infection and inflammation, while facilitating digestion and absorption of nutrients. Improper intestinal barrier function and altered composition of the gut microbiota have both been associated with inflammation and gastrointestinal diseases. Thus, in this thesis I investigated how the microbiota affects intestinal barrier function using mouse models. I determined that acquisition of gut microbiota was vital for establishment of normal intestinal barrier function, and also found the microbiota differentially stimulated…

Advisors/Committee Members: Verdu, Elena, Medical Sciences (Division of Physiology/Pharmacology).

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota; Intestinal Barrier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hayes, C. L. (2018). IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23384

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hayes, Christina L. “IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23384.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hayes, Christina L. “IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Hayes CL. IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2018. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23384.

Council of Science Editors:

Hayes CL. IMPACT OF GUT MICROBIOTA ON INTESTINAL BARRIER FUNCTION AND INTEGRITY. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/23384

King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

10. Douvropoulou, Olga. Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem.

Degree: 2017, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623721

► Cryptosporidium parvum is an apicomplexan protozoan parasite commonly causing diarrhea, particularly in infants in developing countries. The research challenges faced in the development of therapies… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cryptosporidium; microbiota; dysbiosis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Douvropoulou, O. (2017). Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem. (Thesis). King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623721

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Douvropoulou, Olga. “Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem.” 2017. Thesis, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623721.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Douvropoulou, Olga. “Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Douvropoulou O. Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem. [Internet] [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623721.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Douvropoulou O. Interactions between Cryptosporidium parvum and the Intestinal Ecosystem. [Thesis]. King Abdullah University of Science and Technology; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10754/623721

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University College Cork

11. Clarke, Siobhan F. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.

Degree: 2013, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554

► The obesity pandemic has become perhaps the most prevalent health issue of our time, with more than 10% of the world’s population now being obese.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Obesity; Gut microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Clarke, S. F. (2013). The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clarke, Siobhan F. “The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.” 2013. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Clarke, Siobhan F. “The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Clarke SF. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Clarke SF. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

12. Cavalli, Daiana [UNESP]. Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas.

Degree: 2017, Universidade Estadual Paulista

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148838

► Os objetivos deste trabalho são: 1) Quantificar por checkerboard a carga microbiana e pelo método de LAL endotoxinas (EU/mL) nas infecções endodônticas primárias; 2) Realizar… (more)

▼ Os objetivos deste trabalho são: 1) Quantificar por checkerboard a carga microbiana e pelo método de LAL endotoxinas (EU/mL) nas infecções endodônticas primárias; 2) Realizar o monitoramento dos níveis de endotoxinas (EU/mL) e de carga microbiana antes do tratamento, após o preparo biomecânico com sistemas de instrumentação rotatória, reciprocante e híbrida e após o uso da medicação intracanal; 3) Relacionar sinais e sintomas clínicos com níveis de endotoxinas, micro-orgnismos e com complexos bacterianos; 4) Relacionar volumetria dos canais radiculares por meio de TCFC com níveis de endotoxina, micro-organismos e complexos bacterianos. Trinta dentes com infecção endodôntica primária e presença de lesão periapical foram submetidos a TCFC antes do tratamento e avaliados quanto a presença de sinais e sintomas clínicos. Após abertura coronária, foi realizada a coleta inicial nos canais radiculares, e em seguida, procedeu-se com o tratamento endodôntico, sendo os dentes divididos em diferentes grupos experimentais de acordo com o sistema de instrumentação utilizado (n=10): rotatório Mtwo (MTWO), reciprocante Reciproc (REC), e híbrido Genius (GEN). Durante o preparo biomecânico, os canais foram irrigados com 24 mL de NaOCl 2,5%. Foram realizadas coletas do conteúdo dos canais radiculares: logo após a abertura coronária (1 col), após a instrumentação (2 col), e após a MIC por 14 dias, realizada com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio associada a solução salina fisiológica (3 col). A detecção de micro-organimos foi realizada pelo teste checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization. A quantificação de endotoxinas foi realizada pelo teste cinético cromogênio do lisado de amebócito de Limulus. As volumetrias dos canais radiculares foram realizadas com auxílio do software Nemotec®. Todos os dados foram analisados estatisticamente. Os resultados mostraram a detecção de micro-organismos e endotoxinas em 100% das amostras iniciais, sendo as bactérias C. ochracea e F. nucleatum as mais prevalentes (53%). Após o PBM, os micro-organismos mais encontrados foram F. nucleatum e L. buccalis (50%); e após a MIC C. gracilis (53,3%). Não houve diferença estatística entre os grupos quanto à redução da carga microbiana. Quanto as endotoxinas, logo após o PBM, o grupo que mais reduziu foi o MTWO, seguido por GEN e REC; após a MIC, o grupo que mais reduziu foi o GEN, seguido pelo MTWO e REC, porém todos os grupos se comportaram de maneira semelhante. Dor espontânea foi relacionada com P. nigrescens; dor a percussão com P. gingivalis, V. parvula, S. sputigena, P. nigrescens e E. saburreum; presença de fístula foi relacionada com o complexo laranja, Gram-positivas e anaeróbios facultativos, e micro-organismos E. corrodens, P. micra, C. showae e E. saburreum. O maior volume do canal radicular foi correlacionado fortemente com anaeróbios estritos, com o complexo laranja e o micro-organismo P. micra. O PBM foi efetivo na redução de bactérias e endotoxinas do canal radicular, mas sem diferença estatística entre os três sistemas utilizados. Conclui-se que o PBM com… Advisors/Committee Members: Garakis, Marcia Carneiro Valera [UNESP], Cardoso, Flávia Goulart da Rosa [UNESP], Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP).

Subjects/Keywords: Endotoxina; Instrumentação; Microbiota; Endotoxin; Instrumentation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cavalli, D. [. (2017). Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas. (Thesis). Universidade Estadual Paulista. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148838

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cavalli, Daiana [UNESP]. “Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas.” 2017. Thesis, Universidade Estadual Paulista. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148838.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cavalli, Daiana [UNESP]. “Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Cavalli D[. Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Estadual Paulista; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148838.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cavalli D[. Estudo comparativo de sistemas rotatório, reciprocante e híbrido no preparo de canais radiculares em dentes com infecção endodôntica primária: perfil microbiano e quantificação de endotoxinas. [Thesis]. Universidade Estadual Paulista; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11449/148838

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ontario Institute of Technology

13. Shastri, Padmaja. Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions.

Degree: 2015, University of Ontario Institute of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/532

► Sex-based differences in immune parameters are well recognized, and recent evidence suggests differences in microbiota composition between sexes, necessitating assessment of effects of dietary fermentable… (more)

▼ Sex-based differences in immune parameters are well recognized, and recent evidence suggests differences in microbiota composition between sexes, necessitating assessment of effects of dietary fermentable material (DFM) in both males and females. Effects of consumption of DFM of differing composition (Wheat Bran (WB), Oat Bran (OB), Resistant Starch (RS), Fructooligosaccharides (FOS)) on the immune system were compared under resting and immunized conditions between sexes. The gut microbiota composition and short chain fatty acid profiles differed between rats fed different DFM and also differed between sexes following FOS consumption. Immune parameters were analyzed for the effect of diet, differences between sexes or interactions (diet x sex), to detect the effect of DFM on male and female rats. The kinetics of primary (Day 0, 5, 10, 15) and secondary antibody responses (Day 21) were measured following immunization with a T cell-dependent antigen, Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin (KLH). Under resting conditions, male rats had more FoxP3+ Treg cells in the mesenteric lymph node (MLN) and spleen than did females. Levels of the regulatory cytokine TGF-??1 also increased in the MLN in a DFM-dependent manner. In contrast, percentages of MLN and splenic CD68+ macrophages and levels of gut tissue IL-10 were higher in females than males. These results suggest immune regulation at the mucosal level is controlled in a differential manner between sexes and was affected by DFM intake only in males. At the systemic level, DFM intake delayed the primary anti-KLH IgG antibody response kinetics in male (control>>WB>OB>RS>FOS) and female (control> FOS>WB>RS>OB) rats. The secondary anti-KLH IgG response in control-fed males was 10-fold higher than in control-fed females. DFM intake in males significantly decreased anti-KLH IgG levels relative to control-fed males. Collectively, these findings demonstrate DFM consumption in males potentially induces systemic immune regulation leading to a delayed response to immune challenge, an effect that was not observed in females. Advisors/Committee Members: Green-Johnson, Julia.

Subjects/Keywords: Cytokines; Immunoglobulins; Microbiota; Sex; Fibre

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shastri, P. (2015). Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions. (Thesis). University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10155/532

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shastri, Padmaja. “Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions.” 2015. Thesis, University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/532.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shastri, Padmaja. “Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Shastri P. Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/532.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shastri P. Effects of dietary fermentable material on innate and adaptive immune measures in male and female rats under resting and immunized conditions. [Thesis]. University of Ontario Institute of Technology; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10155/532

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

14. Lin,Xiaoxi. Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems.

Degree: PhD, Department of Agricultural, Food, and Nutritional Science, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6t053h01f

► Microbiota are ubiquitous in nature. Similarities as well as differences are present between microbiota in animals and fermentation systems. The aim of the PhD project… (more)

▼ Microbiota are ubiquitous in nature. Similarities as well as differences are present between microbiota in animals and fermentation systems. The aim of the PhD project was to investigate factors affects microbial ecology in rodent and sourdough models. To determine how compromised health of the host by tumor and CPT-11 therapies affects intestinal microbiota in tumor bearing rats, qualitative and quantitative taxonomic analyses were combined to characterize intestinal microbiota during CPT-11-based chemotherapy. Both tumor and CPT-11 chemotherapy increased cecal Clostridium cluster XI and Enterobacteriaceae. The effect of dietary fibre was evaluated in the same model. Cecal butyrate concentrations and feed intake were highly correlated. Moreover, a positive correlation of the host expression of MCT1 with body weight as well as a positive correlation of the abundance of bacterial butyryl-CoA gene with cecal butyrate concentrations were obeserved. These correlations support the interpretation that the influence of dietary fibre on CPT-11 toxicity is partially mediated by an increased cecal production of butyrate. Similar to intestinal microbiota, in sourdough, cereal substrates contain various compounds that may have selective effect on sourdough microbiota. The effect of growth rate and acid resistance on microbial competitiveness in sourdoughs was evaluated by assessing competitiveness of glycerol-dehydratase (gupCDE) positive and glutamate-decarboxylase (gadB) positive strains of L. reuteri relative to the corresponding null mutants. Both glycerol and glutamate metabolism determine the competitiveness of L. reuteri in sourdough fermentations. Besides competition over shared energy source, microbes also compete with each other by producing antimicrobial compounds. Reutericyclin is an antibiotic produced by sourdough-originated L. reuteri which is bactericidal against most gram-positive bacteria. A combination comparative genomics, bioinformatics analysis, and the characterization of null-mutants was used to determine the genetic determinants of reutericyclin biosynthesis. A gene cluster unique to reutericyclin producers was identified on a genomic island acquired through lateral gene transfer. It includes genes coding for a nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS), a polyketide synthase (PKS), homologues of phlABC, and putative transport and regulatory proteins. The combination of PhlABC homologues with both a NRPS and PKS is exclusive to the lactic acid bacteria Streptococcus mutans, L. plantarum and L. reuteri, indicating that the genes in these organisms share a common evolutionary origin.

Subjects/Keywords: fermentation; ecology; sourdough; microbiota; microbial

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lin,Xiaoxi. (2014). Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6t053h01f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin,Xiaoxi. “Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 18, 2020. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6t053h01f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin,Xiaoxi. “Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

Lin,Xiaoxi. Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6t053h01f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Council of Science Editors:

Lin,Xiaoxi. Microbial ecology of food fermentations and intestinal ecosystems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/6t053h01f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Texas A&M University

15. Markel, Melissa. Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea.

Degree: 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11634

► Recent 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies of the duodenal and fecal microbiota have revealed alterations in the abundance of specific bacterial groups in dogs with… (more)

▼ Recent 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies of the duodenal and fecal microbiota have revealed alterations in the abundance of specific bacterial groups in dogs with gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. The aim of this study was to establish a panel of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays for the evaluation of specific bacterial groups in fecal samples of healthy dogs, dogs with chronic enteropathies (CE), and dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea (AHD). Fecal samples from 242 healthy dogs, 118 dogs with CE, and 57 dogs with AHD were analyzed using qPCR assays targeting Faecalibacterium spp., Turicibacter spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus spp., Ruminococcaceae, C. perfringens, E. coli, gamma-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes). Differences in bacterial abundance among the three groups were evaluated using a Kruskal-Wallis test followed by a Dunn's post-test. A Bonferroni correction was used to correct for multiple comparisons and an adjusted p<0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Faecalibacterium spp., Turicibacter spp., and Ruminococcaceae were significantly decreased in CE and AHD compared to healthy dogs (p<0.001 for all). Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were significantly increased in dogs with CE (p<0.001 for both) when compared to the healthy dogs. In contrast, Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. were significantly decreased in dogs with AHD compared to healthy dogs (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively) and also when compared to the dogs with CE (p<0.001 for both). C. perfringens and E. coli were significantly increased in dogs with AHD (p<0.001 and p<0.01, respectively), when compared to healthy dogs. E. coli was also significantly increased in dogs with CE when compared to the healthy dogs (p<0.001). Bacteroidetes were significantly lower in dogs with CE compared to healthy dogs (<0.001). Firmicutes were significantly higher in healthy dogs in comparison to dogs with AHD (p<0.05). Bifidobacterium spp. and gamma-Proteobacteria were not significantly different among all three groups of dogs. In conclusion, the qPCR panel employed here revealed a fecal dysbiosis in dogs with CE and AHD when compared to healthy dogs. These results are similar to recently reported findings using molecular sequencing approaches. Quantification of these bacterial groups by qPCR may be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis or monitoring of gastrointestinal disease in dogs. Advisors/Committee Members: Suchodolski, Jan S. (advisor), Steiner, Joerg M. (committee member), Lawhon, Sara (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: canine; gastrointestinal; dysbiosis; microbiota

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Markel, M. (2012). Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea. (Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11634

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Markel, Melissa. “Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea.” 2012. Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11634.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Markel, Melissa. “Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Markel M. Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11634.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Markel M. Characterization of the Fecal Microbiota in Dogs with Chronic Enteropathies and Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea. [Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2012-08-11634

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

16. Majeau, Alicia Catherine. INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL.

Degree: 2014, Johns Hopkins University

URL: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37217

► Malaria is a pressing global health problem that is difficult to eradicate or even control because of its complex biology. Currently employed control mechanisms are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plasmodium falciparum; olfaction; skin microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Majeau, A. C. (2014). INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL. (Thesis). Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved from http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37217

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Majeau, Alicia Catherine. “INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL.” 2014. Thesis, Johns Hopkins University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37217.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Majeau, Alicia Catherine. “INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Majeau AC. INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL. [Internet] [Thesis]. Johns Hopkins University; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37217.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Majeau AC. INVESTIGATING DIFFERENTIAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF HUMAN SKIN MICROBIOTA TO ANOPHELES GAMBIAE AS A POTENTIAL COMPONENT OF BAITED SUGAR TRAPS CONTAINING ANTI-PLASMODIUM BACTERIA FOR BIOLOGICAL CONTROL. [Thesis]. Johns Hopkins University; 2014. Available from: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37217

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

17. Rivera, Angel J. Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology.

Degree: PhD, 0322, 2010, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16973

► The bacterial population of the vaginal canal is a primate infant’s first exposure to the microbial community inhabiting the outside world. Yet, little is known… (more)

▼ The bacterial population of the vaginal canal is a primate infant’s first exposure to the microbial community inhabiting the outside world. Yet, little is known about this community and the effect it might have on the development and survival of the infant. Humans and Papio baboons share considerable anatomical and physiological similarities in their reproductive tracts. Accordingly, we might expect that the vaginal microbiota of baboons would be similar to that of humans. To characterize the vaginal microbiota of a nonhuman primate, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to evaluate variations in the vaginal microbiota of a group of 35 baboons housed in a facility where they shared the same diet and the same environmental conditions. We also used a 16S rRNA phylogenetic approach to assess the composition of the baboon vaginal microbiota in a subset of animals from this facility and from the wild. We found that despite the uniform environment, there were appreciable differences in the composition of the microbiota from one individual to another in the captive subjects. Our results also indicate that a simple swab test is sufficient for sampling of the vaginal microbiota in the field, a finding that should help make future, more detailed characterization of the microbiota of wild primates feasible. Previous human vaginal microbiota studies have shown that Firmicutes (mostly Lactobacillus spp.) predominate in the human vagina, with Actinobacteria (Gardnerella vaginalis) and Proteobacteria present in lower numbers. By contrast, Papio baboons harbored species not only of Firmicutes but also of Fusobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes phyla that are not normally abundant in humans. Moreover, the Firmicutes found in baboons were different from those found in humans, consisting mainly of clostridia rather than lactobacilli. A further level of difference was also seen within the same phylogenetic groups where baboon bacterial species clustered separately from those reported in humans. Results of our analyses imply that co-evolution of microbes and hosts cannot account for the major differences between the microbiota of baboons and that of humans, because divergences between the major genera were too ancient to have occurred since primates appeared. Instead, the primate vaginal tracts appear to have acquired discrete subsets of bacteria from the vast diversity of bacteria available in the environment and established a community responsive to and compatible with host species physiology. Advisors/Committee Members: Salyers, Abigail A. (advisor), Salyers, Abigail A. (Committee Chair), Gardner, Jeffrey F. (committee member), Metcalf, William W. (committee member), Kuzminov, Andrei (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Baboon; Vaginal Microbiota; 16S rDNA

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rivera, A. J. (2010). Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16973

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rivera, Angel J. “Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16973.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rivera, Angel J. “Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology.” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Rivera AJ. Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2010. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16973.

Council of Science Editors:

Rivera AJ. Baboon vaginal microbiota: an overlooked aspect of primate physiology. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/16973

University of Rochester

18. Li, Hongjie. Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/30603

► The gastrointestinal (GI) tract of most metazoans, including humans, is lined by a series of epithelia that share common digestive function, but also have distinct… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aging; Drosophila; Microbiota; Stem cell

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, H. (2016). Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/30603

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Hongjie. “Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/30603.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Hongjie. “Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Li H. Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/30603.

Council of Science Editors:

Li H. Stem cell, compartmentalization, and microbiota in the aging Drosophila intestine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/30603

University of Southern California

19. Wang, Shijia. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.

Degree: MS, Biostatistics, 2015, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

► It is widely believed that obesity relates to human gut microbiota. A large number of previous studies have indicated greater ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: gut microbiota; obesity; diet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, S. (2015). Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Shijia. “Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Shijia. “Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Wang S. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern California; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang S. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern California; 2015. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

20. Zanelatto, Carla. Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial.

Degree: 2015, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129953

►

Para melhor compreender o papel dos micro-organismos nas doenças da cavidade bucal, é necessário inicialmente avaliar a diversidade microbiana naturalmente existente em indivíduos saudáveis, além… (more)

▼

Para melhor compreender o papel dos micro-organismos nas doenças da cavidade bucal, é necessário inicialmente avaliar a diversidade microbiana naturalmente existente em indivíduos saudáveis, além de sua distribuição espacial na cavidade bucal. Muitos estudos são conduzidos elucidando o papel do biofilme e das bactérias na saúde bucal, porém poucas pesquisas focaram na atuação das leveduras. Neste sentido, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a diversidade e distribuição de leveduras do gênero Candida na microbiota bucal de indivíduos saudáveis. Foram coletadas amostras da boca pacientes adultos saudáveis. Foram obtidas amostras de 9 diferentes habitats da boca: bochechas direita e esquerda, assoalho da boca, palato, língua dorsal, língua ventral, dente molar, vestíbulo labial e saliva. Foram avaliados 100 pacientes com uma média de 28 dentes. Quarenta e nove indivíduos apresentaram leveduras na sua microbiota bucal. Candida albicans foi o micro-organismo mais prevalente (49%), seguido de Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii (C. guilliermondii), Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis e Candida dubliniensis. A associação das leveduras encontradas e os habitats bucais sugeriu que comunidades leveduriformes podem distinguir-se entre os diferentes tecidos da cavidade bucal. A língua (dorsal e ventral) apresentou colonização específica, caracterizada pelas espécies C. tropicalis e C. dubliniensis. De forma semelhante, a microbiota dos habitats revestidos por mucosa foi análoga. A microbiota da língua e dos tecidos duros assemelhou-se entre si em menor intensidade. Estes resultados introduzem a dimensão espacial desta diversidade microbiana que vem sendo estudada, complementando as informações obtidas nos estudos do microbioma humano.

To better understand the role of microorganisms in the diseases of the oral cavity, first it is necessary to evaluate the natural microbial diversity in healthy individuals, as well as their spatial distribution in the oral cavity. Many studies are conducted elucidating the role of biofilms and bacteria in oral health, but few research has focused on the yeast’s performance. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the diversity and distribution of Candida species in the oral microbiota of healthy individuals. Samples were colleted from the mouth of healthy adults. Samples of 9 different mouth habitats were obtained: right and left cheeks, floor of the mouth, palate, dorsal tongue, ventral tongue, molar tooth, labial vestibule and saliva. We evaluated 100 patients with an average of 28 teeth. Forty-nine subjects had yeasts in their oral microbiota. Candida albicans was the most prevalent microorganism (49%), followed by Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii (C. guilliermondii), Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis and Candida dubliniensis. The association found between the yeasts and oral habitats suggested that communities can be distinguished by the different tissues of the oral cavity. The tongue (dorsal and…

Advisors/Committee Members: Silva, Patrícia Valente da.

Subjects/Keywords: Leveduras; Boca; Candida; Microbiota; Fungos

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zanelatto, C. (2015). Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129953

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zanelatto, Carla. “Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial.” 2015. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129953.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zanelatto, Carla. “Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Zanelatto C. Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129953.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zanelatto C. Ecologia de leveduras da cavidade bucal de pessoas saudáveis : diversidade de espécies e distribuição espacial. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/129953

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universiteit Utrecht

21. Giannakou, C. The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults.

Degree: 2014, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/297815

► Nowadays, atopic diseases and allergic asthma show high rates within the population and especially children. The underlying mechanisms of these diseases’ induction, as unraveled up-to-date,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: probiotics; asthma; microbiota; atopic diseases

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APA (6^th Edition):

Giannakou, C. (2014). The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/297815

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Giannakou, C. “The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/297815.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Giannakou, C. “The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Giannakou C. The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/297815.

Council of Science Editors:

Giannakou C. The Effect Of Probiotic Administration On The Risk Of Atopic Sensitization And Asthma induction In Children And Adults. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/297815

22. SILVA, Tatiana Maria da. Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) .

Degree: 2012, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco

URL: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11142

► Devido a grande importância da microbiota no desenvolvimento de parasitas nos invertebrados, muitos estudos vêm sendo desenvolvidos para o melhor entendimento desta interação. Desta forma,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biomphalaria glabrata; Microbiota; Antimicrobianos

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APA (6^th Edition):

SILVA, T. M. d. (2012). Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) . (Thesis). Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

SILVA, Tatiana Maria da. “Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) .” 2012. Thesis, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

SILVA, Tatiana Maria da. “Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) .” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

SILVA TMd. Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) . [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2012. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

SILVA TMd. Caracterização da microbiota bacteriana de Biomphalaria glabrata (Say, 1818)(Mollusca: Gastropoda) . [Thesis]. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco; 2012. Available from: http://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/11142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

23. Morris, Marc. Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease.

Degree: 2015, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2350

► Biological markers (“biomarkers”) may have applications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinicians are presented with several challenges when… (more)

▼ Biological markers (“biomarkers”) may have applications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. Clinicians are presented with several challenges when treating IBD. Instead of performing expensive and invasive endoscopic procedures - if even possible, as resources for these procedures can be limited - biomarkers could be used to diagnose, assess disease activity and prognosis, and guide medical therapy, particularly in situations where novel biologics are involved. At this time, the use of biomarkers is limited, since few have been useful in predicting disease severity, prognosis and therapeutic response in IBD. Previous research cohorts studying biomarkers are limited due to varying heterogeneity between subjects that confounds the results since patients have variable disease courses. The main aim of this work was to evaluate the utility of biomarkers in IBD. To do this, biomarkers were included into a composite score with other patient reported outcomes (PRO) to predict endoscopic disease activity. Next, we examined the role of biomarkers in newly diagnosed IBD. Lastly, fecal calprotectin (FC) was evaluated in healthy pregnant and IBD patients, establishing reference values and practicality in this clinical group. We also studied the relationship between biomarkers and environmental factors, such as fecal microbiota. We hypothesized biomarker concentration would be elevated with increased clinical and endoscopic measures, and predictive of response to medical therapy in newly diagnosed patients. Additionally, we theorized the inclusion of biomarkers into composite scores would outperform existing scoring models in predicting endoscopic severity. Furthermore, FC levels would be below the limit of detection in healthy pregnancy and elevated in IBD pregnancy. The inclusion of biomarkers into composite scoring models outperformed existing clinical scores. In newly diagnosed patients, modest relationships were found between biomarkers and clinical and endoscopic markers of disease. Lastly, the presence of FC was elevated in pregnant IBD and not significant in healthy pregnancy; thus, FC is useful in IBD and pregnancy. Our work confirmed the significance of biomarkers in several clinical areas of IBD, along with the issues presented in recruiting newly diagnosed patients in small research centres. Future work will incorporate biomarkers into medical triage and as an endpoint in nutritional interventions. Advisors/Committee Members: Zello, Gordon A., Jones, Jennifer L., Alcorn, Jane, Fowler, Sharyle A., Rodgers, Carol, Dahl, Wendy.

Subjects/Keywords: biomarkers; IBD; microbiota; nutrition.

12 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morris, M. (2015). Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2350

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morris, Marc. “Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease.” 2015. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2350.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morris, Marc. “Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Morris M. Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2350.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Morris M. Biological markers demonstrate utility and predictive value in inflammatory bowel disease. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2015-12-2350

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

24. Reis, Cátia Sofia Ferreira. Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico.

Degree: 2011, RCAAP

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7493

► O presente estudo teve como objectivo a identificação de um grupo de seis bactérias em amostras recolhidas de tecido humano pulpar em estado de infecção… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Endodontia; Microbiota endodôntico; PCR

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reis, C. S. F. (2011). Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico. (Thesis). RCAAP. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reis, Cátia Sofia Ferreira. “Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico.” 2011. Thesis, RCAAP. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reis, Cátia Sofia Ferreira. “Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico.” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Reis CSF. Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico. [Internet] [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7493.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reis CSF. Eficácia do preparo biomecânico na eliminação de um grupo de bactérias do microbiota endodôntico. [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2011. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/7493

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Otago

25. Krittaphol, Woravimol. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .

Degree: 2011, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

► Selenium plays a major role in the immune system and in decreasing the risk of cancer. Plasma selenium levels are low in patients with certain… (more)

▼ Selenium plays a major role in the immune system and in decreasing the risk of cancer. Plasma selenium levels are low in patients with certain gastrointestinal disorders suggesting a role for the gut microbiota in selenium metabolism and disposition. Probiotic treatment can modulate the gut microbiota but the effect of such treatment on the metabolism of selenium supplements is unknown. The present study investigated the metabolism of L-selenomethionine (L-SeMet) and selenite, commonly used as selenium supplements, by probiotic bacteria in vitro and by rat gut contents ex vivo. The effect of probiotic treatment on the disposition of selenium after oral dosing with L-SeMet and selenite in rats was also investigated. After anaerobic incubation of L-SeMet (0.51 mM) with 10% w/w suspensions of the contents of jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon from male Wistar rats at 37°C for 3 h, L-SeMet metabolism (30%) was greatest in caecum contents followed by colon, ileum and jejunum. Dimethyldiselenide (DMDSe) was produced to the extent of 8.7% of the L-SeMet added and 28.9% of the L-SeMet lost. A similar result was obtained after incubation of selenite (0.58 mM) with metabolism being complete in caecum contents and almost complete in colon. Dimethylselenide (DMSe) (5.7% of the selenite added) was produced accompanied by a red precipitate of elemental selenium. When L-SeMet (0.51 mM) was incubated anaerobically with individual antibiotic-resistant probiotic strains (Streptococcus salivarius K12, Lactobacillus rhamnosus 67B, Lactobacillus acidophilus L10 and Bifidobacterium lactis LAFTI® B94) (1 - 5x1010 cfu/mL) and with a mixture of the four probiotic strains (ca. 3x1010 cfu/mL) at 37°C for 24 h, 10 - 18% was metabolised with 36-80% of L-SeMet being converted to DMDSe and DMSe. In similar incubations with selenite (0.58 mM), metabolism was more extensive (26 - 100%) particularly by the lactobacilli with 0-4.8% of selenite being converted to DMSe and DMDSe accompanied by the formation of elemental selenium. Metabolism of L-SeMet or selenite in incubations with a combination of gut contents and the four probiotic strains indicated some suppression of L-SeMet metabolism and enhancement of selenite metabolism. These results suggest probiotics and gut microorganisms interact in relation to selenium metabolism in the gut. In the in vivo study, three groups of rats (n = 3/group) were given saline or a single oral dose of 2 mg selenium/kg as L-SeMet or selenite by gavage (untreated rats). Another four groups of rats (n = 6/group) were given the same dose of either L-SeMet or selenite (2 mg selenium/kg) at the time of the last dose of treatment with 3 mL of a mixture containing equal numbers of the four antibiotic-resistant probiotic strains (total cell count ca. 1x1010 cfu/mL) or vehicle (a mixture of the lyoprotectants trehalose, maltodextrin and lactitol) every 12 h for three days (treated rats). Blood was collected from five rats in each treatment group over 24 h and serum analysed for selenium along with samples of liver… Advisors/Committee Members: Fawcett, J. Paul (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: selenium; gut microbiota; probiotics; rat

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Krittaphol, W. (2011). Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Krittaphol, Woravimol. “Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Krittaphol, Woravimol. “Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Krittaphol W. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652.

Council of Science Editors:

Krittaphol W. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

University of Manchester

26. White, Emily Claire. Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host.

Degree: 2016, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305922

►

Intestinal dwelling parasites live in close association with the complex microbiota that inhabit our intestinal tracts. The intestinal helminth, Trichuris muris, depends on these bacteria… (more)

▼

Intestinal dwelling parasites live in close association with the complex microbiota that inhabit our intestinal tracts. The intestinal helminth, Trichuris muris, depends on these bacteria for egg hatching and successful establishment of infection within the epithelium of the caecum and colon. Infection causes significant alterations to the host intestinal microbiota, including a decrease in bacterial diversity and shifts in proportions of certain bacterial groups. This is accompanied by a decrease in Foxp3+ regulatory T cells and changes to the metabolic potential of the host microbiota, consequently impacting host health. However, the factor(s) driving these changes and the existence and role of its own intestinal microbiota is unknown. Infection of C57BL/6 and immunodeficient SCID mice with a high dose (~ 200 embryonated eggs) and a low dose (~ 20 embryonated eggs) of T. muris was used to determine the impact of worm burden and the adaptive immune system on the host intestinal microbiota, in comparison to naïve controls. Microbiota analysis was performed by 16S rRNA gene denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Illumina sequencing. This revealed that infection-induced microbiota changes were dose dependent and high level infection caused an increase in the Bacteroidaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families, independently of the host adaptive immune system. Development of a surface sterilisation protocol enabled the internal T. muris microbiota to be analysed by 16S rRNA gene DGGE and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). The resulting data indicated that T. muris requires its own diverse intestinal microbiota that is derived from, but distinct to, that of its host. A core microbiota is selected and maintained by the parasite regardless of the surrounding host microbiota. The parasite microbiota is important for its fitness, shown in vitro using an antibiotic motility assay and in vivo using germ free (GF) mice. Furthermore, infection with T. muris causes a significant reduction in caecal butyrate concentrations and consequently a decrease in the expression of butyrate transporters in caecal tissue. Interestingly, the T. muris microbiota is able to produce the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, which the parasite is unable to make itself yet secretes into its local environment. Together these strategies promote the long term survival of T. muris within the intestinal niche, adding a new level of complexity to the interaction between the pathogen, the host and their respective microbiotas that underpins successful chronic nematode infection.

Supplementary tables A and B in appendices. Provided as a DVD.

Advisors/Committee Members: GRENCIS, RICHARD RK, ROBERTSON, DAVID DL, Grencis, Richard, Roberts, Ian, Robertson, David.

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota; Trichuris; Helminth; Infection

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

White, E. C. (2016). Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305922

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

White, Emily Claire. “Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305922.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

White, Emily Claire. “Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

White EC. Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305922.

Council of Science Editors:

White EC. Infection by the gastrointestinal parasite Trichuris muris: Defining the microbiota of the parasite and the host. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305922

McMaster University

27. Gohir, Wajiha. High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy.

Degree: MSc, 2016, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/18941

►

Maternal obesity is a key predictor of childhood obesity. It has been shown to cause changes in maternal adaptation to pregnancy that result in an… (more)

▼

Maternal obesity is a key predictor of childhood obesity. It has been shown to cause changes in maternal adaptation to pregnancy that result in an adverse in utero environment, inducing increased risk of obesity and metabolic disease in the offspring. Perturbation of gut microbiota over the course of pregnancy has been implicated in maternal metabolic adaptations. We investigated how high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity before and during pregnancy affects gut microbiota and maternal intestinal barrier function, and whether altered maternal gut adaptations to pregnancy influence placental development. Microbiota of HF mice was modified by diet, and further modulated by pregnancy. Changes in mucin-degrading and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) producing bacteria were found in microbiota from HF pregnant mice. SCFA receptor, GPR41, expression was reduced in the duodenum and jejunum of HF dams. Intestinal barrier function was impaired in HF pregnancies as indicated by increased paracellular intestinal permeability measured by passage of FITC-Dextran and increased concentration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the maternal serum, observations that were consistent with reduced gene expression of tight junction proteins in the small intestine of HF dams. Diet-induced maternal obesity altered gene expression of inflammatory and immune cell marker genes in different gut sections. However, no change in TNF and IL-6 in maternal serum suggested that HF diet-induced obesity was not associated with systemic maternal inflammation. Female placenta from HF pregnancies were smaller in size, as calculated by measuring the cross sectional area of the placenta, which may be regulated by increased apoptosis. Augmented placental inflammation was not observed in HF placentas. Changes in maternal intestinal adaptations appear to be modified by diet-induced obesity before and during pregnancy, in a manner that reduced maternal barrier function and increased intestinal immune cell markers but these changes appeared not be associated with placental pro-inflammatory status.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Advisors/Committee Members: Sloboda, Deborah, Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences.

Subjects/Keywords: pregnancy; microbiota; obesity; maternal nutrition

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gohir, W. (2016). High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/18941

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gohir, Wajiha. “High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy.” 2016. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/18941.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gohir, Wajiha. “High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Gohir W. High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2016. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/18941.

Council of Science Editors:

Gohir W. High-fat diet-induced obesity modulates pregnancy gut microbiota and alters maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/18941

Clemson University

28. Siva, Niroshan. Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity.

Degree: MS, 2017, Clemson University

URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2745

► Lentil is a rich source of proteins, range of prebiotic carbohydrates including sugar alcohols (SA), raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFO), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), and resistant starch (RS),… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Lentil; Microbiota; Obesity; Prebiotics; Processing

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Siva, N. (2017). Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity. (Masters Thesis). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2745

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Siva, Niroshan. “Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Clemson University. Accessed January 18, 2020. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2745.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Siva, Niroshan. “Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Siva N. Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Clemson University; 2017. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2745.

Council of Science Editors:

Siva N. Processing and Cooking on Lentil Prebiotics to Reduce Obesity. [Masters Thesis]. Clemson University; 2017. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2745

29. Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.

Degree: PhD, Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 2014, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

► Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Recently, the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression… (more)

▼ Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Recently, the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of CVD. Experimental evidence suggests that high fat feeding alters the functional composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis); leading to increased translocation of the pro-inflammatory, endotoxin, and increased production of the pro-atherogenic, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Together, these changes are hypothesized to accelerate CVD progression. Conversely, administration of gut microbiota modulating agents, such as antibiotics and probiotics, attenuate high fat feeding induced CVD in rodent models. In humans, the capacity to produce TMAO following L-carnitine or phosphatidylcholine challenges is abolished after receiving broad spectrum antibiotics for a period of one week. However, whether gut modulation over a longer period of time decreases fasting serum endotoxin, fasting plasma TMAO, and CVD risk in response to high fat feeding has been unexplored in humans. To address these issues we conducted a randomized, placebo controlled, parallel group designed, controlled feeding study in healthy, non-obese males receiving the multi-strain probiotic, VSL3 (or placebo), while a consuming a high fat diet for 4-weeks. First, we tested the hypothesis that VSL #3 would attenuate the rise in serum endotoxin and consequent arterial stiffening following high fat feeding in healthy, non-obese males. Second, we tested the hypothesis that VSL #3 would attenuate the rise in plasma TMAO concentrations following high fat feeding in healthy, non-obese males. In contrast to our first hypotheses, serum endotoxin concentrations and arterial stiffness did not change in response to high fat feeding or with VSL#3 treatment. Interestingly, VSL #3 significantly attenuated the increase in body mass (+ 1.4±0.4 vs. +2.3±0.3 kg; P < 0.05) and fat mass (+0.7±0.1 vs. + 1.4±0.3 kg; P < 0.05) following high fat feeding compared to the placebo. In contrast to our second hypothesis, probiotic supplementation did not attenuate the rise in plasma TMAO following high fat feeding. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the prevention of body mass and fat mass gain with VSL#3 supplementation following high fat feeding. In addition, studies are needed to determine whether higher doses of VSL #3, other single or multispecies probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics attenuate the production of the proatherogenic, TMAO. Advisors/Committee Members: Davy, Kevin P. (committeechair), Davy, Brenda Mueller (committee member), Frisard, Madlyn Irene (committee member), Hulver, Matthew Wade (committee member), Rivero, Jose M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Probiotics; Arterial Stiffness; gut microbiota

11 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Boutagy, N. E. (2014). Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. “Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. “Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Boutagy NE. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834.

Council of Science Editors:

Boutagy NE. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

Virginia Tech

30. Brooks, Kayla Leanne. The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula.

Degree: MS, Animal and Poultry Sciences, 2014, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50440

► Breast milk remains the optimum vehicle to deliver high quality nutrients, including oligosaccharides, in quantities sufficient to sustain normal growth, however, it is currently unknown… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: oligosaccharides; pigs; growth; microbiota

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Brooks, K. L. (2014). The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50440

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brooks, Kayla Leanne. “The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 18, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50440.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brooks, Kayla Leanne. “The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2020.

Vancouver:

Brooks KL. The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2020 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50440.

Council of Science Editors:

Brooks KL. The Safety and Adequacy of Galactooligosaccharides and Fructooligosaccharides in Infant Pig Formula. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50440

Open Access Theses and Dissertations