subject:(mechanistic testing)

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Penn State University

1. Tang, Xiaochao. A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING.

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11638

► A total of four different geogrid products were subjected to an in-depth investigation through multi-scale tests: in-air index testing, bench-scale testing, and pit-scale accelerated pavement… (more)

▼ A total of four different geogrid products were subjected to an in-depth investigation through multi-scale tests: in-air index testing, bench-scale testing, and pit-scale accelerated pavement testing. Basic geometric characteristics and mechanical properties of the geogrids, particularly tensile behavior at small displacements, were tested in air, followed by bench-scale testing, namely pullout and direct shear tests with geogrids embedded in pavement materials to characterize the geogrid-pavement interfaces. The geogrids were further tested within scaled pavement sections using the one-third model mobile load simulator (MMLS3). During the accelerated testing, both elastic and permanent deformations at the top of the subgrade, vertical stress on top of the subgrade, and strains developed in geogrids were measured in addition to the surface rutting/total permanent deformation of the pavement sections at different stages of MMLS3 load applications. A finite element (FE) response model was created and calibrated through an inverse procedure based on the measurement of elastic pavement responses. Compressive strains in the pavement were extracted from the FE models for the subsequent development of subgrade permanent deformation models. A correlation study between the tested geogrid index properties, interface characterizations, and the accelerated tests on subgrade permanent deformation indicates that the geogrid tensile modulus and the geogrid-pavement materials interface shear modulus at small displacements play critical roles in affecting the performance of the geogrids while reinforcing the pavement subgrade. It is noted that the correlation was developed on the basis of a limited number of tested samples. The tensile modulus and interface shear modulus were incorporated into the FE model. In light of the widely-recognized mechanistic-empirical (ME) approach to pavement design, attempts were made to develop a model for predicting permanent deformation of the geogrid-stabilized subgrade. The model adopted in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for permanent deformation of unbound pavement layers was modified to accommodate the testing conditions in this study. The model was then calibrated and verified by using the measurements from accelerated tests. It was found that the model underestimated the subgrade permanent deformation to various degrees, although the model was able to predict the rank of the performance among the sections. Advisors/Committee Members: Angelica Palomino, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Angelica M Palomino, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Shelley Marie Stoffels, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Maria Lopez De Murphy, Committee Member, Charles E Bakis, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: pavements; geogrid; soft soil subgrade; accelerated testing; instrumentation; mechanistic empirical design; finite element

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tang, X. (2011). A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11638

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tang, Xiaochao. “A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING.” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11638.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tang, Xiaochao. “A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING.” 2011. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tang X. A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11638.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tang X. A STUDY OF PERMANENT DEFORMATION BEHAVIOR OF GEOGRID-REINFORCED FLEXIBLE PAVEMENTS USING SMALL SCALE ACCELERATED PAVEMENT TESTING. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11638

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

2. Anthony, Anna Maria. Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes.

Degree: 2007, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132007-162335

► Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation (SDHT) rely on dense-graded hot mix asphalt concrete mixes for construction and rehabilitation of asphalt pavement surfaced highways. As a result… (more)

▼ Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation (SDHT) rely on dense-graded hot mix asphalt concrete mixes for construction and rehabilitation of asphalt pavement surfaced highways. As a result of increased commercial truck traffic on the provincial road network, over the last two decades, some of Saskatchewan’s recently placed dense graded hot mix asphalt concrete (HMAC) pavements have been observed to show a susceptibility to premature permanent deformation in the asphalt mix. One of the aggregate properties thought to have significant influence on mix performance under traffic loading is the shape of the aggregate. Specifically, the physical properties of the fine aggregate (smaller than 5 mm in diameter) are of particular importance in dense graded mixes. Although empirical evidence suggests that there are performance benefits associated with using angular fine aggregate, the relationship of this parameter on mechanistic mix performance and resistance to permanent deformation has not yet been clearly defined.The primary objective of this research was to conduct laboratory analysis to determine the physical, empirical, and mechanistic behaviour sensitivity to the proportion of manufactured and natural fine aggregate in SDHT Type 72 hot mix asphalt concrete. The second objective of this research was to compare the mechanistic behaviour of the Type 72 mixes considered in this research to conventional SDHT Type 70 structural hot mix asphalt concrete.Physical and mechanistic properties of a SDHT Type 72 mix at levels of 20, 40, and 60 percent manufactured fines as a portion of total fines (smaller than 5 mm), and for a SDHT Type 70 mix (which contained 38 percent manufactured fines) were evaluated. Ten repeat samples were compacted for each mix using 75-blow Marshall compaction, and ten samples for each mix were compacted using the Superpave™ gyratory compaction protocols. Marshall stability and flow testing was conducted on the Marshall-compacted samples. Triaxial frequency sweep testing was conducted on the gyratory-compacted samples using the Rapid Triaxial Tester (RaTT) at 20°C. The testing was conducted at axial loading frequencies of 10 and 0.5 Hz, and at deviatoric stress states of 370, 425, and 500 kPa, respectively. The resulting dynamic modulus, axial and radial microstrains, Poisson’s ratio, and phase angle were evaluated.The research hypothesis stated that the increased amount of manufactured fines improves mechanistic properties of the Type 72 mix under typical field state conditions, and Type 72 mix with increased manufactured fines can exhibit mechanistic properties equivalent to or exceeding those of a typical type 70 mix. Based on the improved densification properties, increased Marshall stability, increased dynamic modulus, and reduced radial and axial strains, it was demonstrated that increasing manufactured fines content in the SDHT Type 72 mix does improve the mechanistic properties of this dense-graded asphalt mix. It should be noted that there appears to be a minimum level of manufactured… Advisors/Committee Members: Berthelot, Curtis, Sparling, Bruce F., Sparks, Gordon A., Pufahl, Dennis E., Chartier, Greg.

Subjects/Keywords: RaTT Cell; triaxial frequency sweep; dynamic modulus; mechanistic testing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Anthony, A. M. (2007). Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132007-162335

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Anthony, Anna Maria. “Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes.” 2007. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132007-162335.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Anthony, Anna Maria. “Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes.” 2007. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Anthony AM. Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132007-162335.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Anthony AM. Effects of manufactured fine aggregate on physical and mechanistic properties of Saskatchewan asphalt concrete mixes. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-04132007-162335

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

3. Zanetti, Flavio Serpa. O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis.

Degree: Mestrado, Infra-Estrutura de Transportes, 2008, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-28042009-091916/ ;

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Este trabalho apresenta um procedimento para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis através da determinação de tensões e deformações causadas pela solicitação de um eixo padrão na estrutura de pavimentos flexíveis utilizando Redes Neurais Artificiais. Para treinamento e validação das redes foram utilizadas bacias de deflexões hipotéticas geradas com o auxílio do programa ELSYM5, simulando o carregamento com falling weight deflectometer. Foram criados quatro conjuntos de bacias hipotéticas, dois para pavimentos de três camadas e dois para pavimentos de quatro camadas. As redes neurais artificiais foram treinadas e validadas utilizando-se o simulador EasyNN-plus, que utiliza redes multilayer perceptron com algoritmo de aprendizagem backpropagation. Os dados de entrada das redes são as espessuras das camadas do pavimento e a bacia de deflexão. Como saída, têm-se as tensões e deformações na face inferior do revestimento e no topo do subleito e os módulos de resiliência das camadas do pavimento. Foram determinadas retas de regressão, coeficientes de regressão e histogramas de erros entre os valores reais (ELSYM5) e os valores previstos (RNA). Os resultados obtidos pelas redes neurais artificiais apresentaram boa correlação com os valores reais, demonstrando a capacidade das redes neurais para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis, ao estimar diretamente as tensões e deformações em pontos específicos da estrutura.

This paper presents a procedure to assist the evaluation of the remaining life of flexible pavements by means of the determination of stresses and strains caused by a standard load in flexible pavements structures using artificial neural networks. Hypothetical deflections basins, generated by the ELSYM5 program, simulating the load applied by a falling weight deflectometer, were used to train and to validate the networks. Four sets of hypothetical basins were created, two for pavements with three layers and two for pavements with four layers. The artificial neural networks were trained and validated using the EasyNN-plus simulator, which uses multilayer perceptron networks with back-propagation learning algorithm. The networks input data are the pavements layers thickness and the deflection basin. The networks outputs are the stresses and strains in the bottom of the asphalt layer and at the top of the subgrade and resilience modulus of the pavement layers. The results obtained by the artificial neural networks showed good correlation with the real values, demonstrating that neural networks have capacity to assist in the evaluation of the remaining life of flexible pavements, estimating directly the stresses and strains of specific points of the pavement structure.

Advisors/Committee Members: Fabbri, Glauco Túlio Pessa.

Subjects/Keywords: Análise mecanística; Artificial neural networks; Bacia de deflexões; Deflection basins; Ensaios não-destrutivos; Mechanistic analysis; Nondestructive testing; Redes neurais artificiais; Remaining life of flexible pavements; Vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zanetti, F. S. (2008). O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-28042009-091916/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zanetti, Flavio Serpa. “O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis.” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-28042009-091916/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zanetti, Flavio Serpa. “O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis.” 2008. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Zanetti FS. O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-28042009-091916/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Zanetti FS. O uso de redes neurais artificiais como ferramenta para auxiliar na determinação da vida útil de pavimentos flexíveis. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2008. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-28042009-091916/ ;

McMaster University

4. Ghith, Ahmed. Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure.

Degree: PhD, 2020, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25422

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The performance of nonstructural components in critical infrastructure, such as nuclear power plants (NPPs), has been primarily based on experience and historical data. This topic… (more)

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The performance of nonstructural components in critical infrastructure, such as nuclear power plants (NPPs), has been primarily based on experience and historical data. This topic has been attracting increased interest from researchers following the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in 2011. This disaster demonstrated the importance of using batteries in NPPs as an auxiliary power system, where such systems can provide the necessary power to mitigate the risk of serious accidents. However, little research has been conducted on such nonstructural components to evaluate their performance following the post- Fukushima safety requirements, recommended by several nuclear regulators worldwide [e.g., Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), and Nuclear Safety Commission (NSC)]. To address this research gap, this dissertation investigates the lateral performance of an auxiliary battery power system (ABPS) similar to those currently existing/operational in NPPs in Canada. The ABPS was experimentally tested under displacement-controlled quasi-static cyclic fully-reversed loading that simulates lateral seismic demands. Due to the presence of sliding batteries, the ABPS was then tested dynamically under increased ground motion levels on a shake table. The experimental results demonstrated that the design guidelines and fragility curves currently assigned to battery rack systems in the FEMA P58 prestandards do not encompass all possible failure mechanisms. A 3D numerical model was also developed using OpenSees software. The model was validated using the experimental results. The model results showed that the lateral performance of ABPS with different configurations (i.e. different lengths, tiers, and seismic categories) is influenced by the capacity of the L-shaped connection between the side rails and the end rail. However, the model was not able to predict all the damage states from the dynamic experimental tests, since the rocking/sliding/impact behavior of the batteries is a highly complex nonlinear problem by nature and beyond the scope of this study. The model presented is limited to the assessment of the lateral performance of different ABPS statically. This dissertation demonstrated the difference between the observed behavior of laboratory-controlled lateral performance tests of ABPSs operational/existing in NPPs and the behavior of ABPSs found in the literature that relied on limited historical and experience data. Finally, this dissertation laid the foundations for the need to further investigate the behavior of other safety-related components in NPPs and assess their compliance with new post-Fukushima design requirements.

Thesis

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Advisors/Committee Members: El-Dakhakhni, Wael, Tait, Michael, Civil Engineering.

Subjects/Keywords: Auxiliary power; Battery racks; Bracing; Concentrated Plasticity; FEMA 461; Mechanistic model; NPP; OpenSees; Quasi-static testing; Sliding connection; Steel Frame; Damage States; Fragility; Seismic Risk; Shake table

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ghith, A. (2020). Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25422

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ghith, Ahmed. “Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25422.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ghith, Ahmed. “Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure.” 2020. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ghith A. Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25422.

Council of Science Editors:

Ghith A. Experimental and Analytical strategies to assess the seismic performance of auxiliary power systems in critical infrastructure. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25422

5. Stefanidis, Stylianos. Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων.

Degree: 2016, University of Western Macedonia; Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/39452

► The continued increase in world energy demand, the concern over the protection of the environment and the limited reserves of fossil fuels have turned research… (more)

▼ The continued increase in world energy demand, the concern over the protection of the environment and the limited reserves of fossil fuels have turned research efforts towards the investigation of alternative, environmentally-friendly and renewable energy sources. Lignocellulosic biomass in particular is an abundant, low-cost and widely available renewable energy source that does not compete with food production. Lignocellulosic biomass can be converted directly to liquid, gas and solid biofuels through the fast pyrolysis process. The primary product of fast pyrolysis is the liquid, which is known as bio-oil and presents many advantages as an energy carrier compared to solid biomass, such as higher energy density, lower transportation and storage costs and easier handling. However, bio-oil also has several adverse properties due to its high content in oxygenates, which are products of the thermal decomposition of biomass and render it unsuitable as a fuel, making its introduction in the world energy balance difficult. Some of these adverse properties are its high water content, its immiscibility with conventional hydrocarbon fuels, its high content in heavy compounds and more importantly, its instability under storage and transportation conditions. For the production of a higher quality bio-oil with improved properties, it is necessary to remove a significant part of the oxygen that originates from the biomass and convert the undesirable oxygenates into more desirable products. The above goal can be achieved with the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass, in which biomass is decomposed in the presence of a solid catalyst. The pyrolysis vapours that are formed during the thermal decomposition of biomass come in contact with the catalyst particles and the catalytic reactions that take place remove oxygen and form compounds that impart the bio-oil with improved properties for its use as a fuel. Among the disadvantages of the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass are the reduced yields of organic bio-oil, the formation of undesirable solid products (catalytic coke) and the limited life-time of the catalyst, which has to be replenished frequently. As such, the major challenge in the development of the process is the design of suitable catalysts that are effective at removing oxygen from the pyrolysis vapors, exhibit good selectivity towards the formation of desirable compounds, minimize the formation of undesirable byproducts and are stable, with long life spans. The achievement of the above goal is not simple because biomass is a complex feedstock and its composition in the various biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) and inorganic components varies greatly depending on its type and origin. The thermal decomposition of these biopolymers results in the formation of hundreds of compounds, which react differently with the catalyst. The design of catalysts that can handle such a complex mixture of reactants is a complicated problem, while the exact mechanisms of the thermal decomposition of biomass and the catalytic…

Subjects/Keywords: Βιομάζα; Πυρόλυση; Καταλυτική πυρόλυση; Βιοέλαιο; Απενεργοποίηση καταλυτών; Μηχανιστική μελέτη; Ετερογενής κατάλυση; Βιοκαύσιμα; Αξιολόγηση καταλυτών; Biomass; Pyrolysis; Catalytic pyrolysis; Bio-oil; Catalyst deactivation; Mechanistic study; Heterogeneous catalysis; Biofuels; Catalyst testing

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Stefanidis, S. (2016). Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων. (Thesis). University of Western Macedonia; Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/39452

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stefanidis, Stylianos. “Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων.” 2016. Thesis, University of Western Macedonia; Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/39452.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stefanidis, Stylianos. “Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Stefanidis S. Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Macedonia; Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/39452.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Stefanidis S. Καταλυτική πυρόλυση βιομάζας για την παραγωγή εναλλακτικών βιο-καυσίμων και χρήσιμων χημικών προϊόντων. [Thesis]. University of Western Macedonia; Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Μακεδονίας; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/39452

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Louisiana State University

6. Hanandeh, Shadi. Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-11012016-162954 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4421

► Weak soil is a common problem in road construction. Whether it is a temporary access road or a permanent road built over a weak subgrade,… (more)

▼ Weak soil is a common problem in road construction. Whether it is a temporary access road or a permanent road built over a weak subgrade, a large deformation of the subgrade can lead to deterioration of the paved or unpaved surface. Geosynthetics offer a potentially economical solution for stabilizing roads built over weak soil. Three sets of testing programs were be conducted in this study.The first testing program includes conducting accelerated load testing of full-scale geosynthetic reinforced test lanes using rolling wheel load facility; the second program included conducting laboratory cyclic plate loading test on geosynthetic reinforced test sections constructed inside a steel box facility, and the third program included cyclic plate loading test on full-scale test lane sections. An extensive in-situ and laboratory testing was performed before the construction of the test sections and after each stage of pavement construction to assess the strength, stiffness of the pavement layers. Both the full-scale pavement test lane sections and in-box laboratory pavement test sections were instrumented with several sensors to measure the load associated and associated environmental responses. The experimental test results demonstrated that the inclusion of geosynthetics in pavement to reinforce the base and or stabilize the subgrade can significantly enhance the pavement performance in terms of reducing the permanent deformation of pavement layers. The inclusion of geosynthetics in pavement can help redistribute the load and change the stress concentration on top of subgrade layer. The benefits of geosynthetic reinforcement were quantified, within the context of the AASHTOWare Pavement ME Design guide and AASHTO 1993, in terms of increasing the resilient modulus of base course layer and/or reducing the thickness of base aggregate layer in pavement structure.The results for three test experiments showed an increase in traffic benefit ratio when including geosynthetic in pavement.Also, include geosynthetic showed appreciable benefit on reducing the permanent deformation of base layer subgrade in this study. Four empirical models were developed by using nonlinear regression to evaluate and quantify the benefits of using geosynthetics in pavement built over weak subgrade. The first model was developed to quantify the traffic benefit ratio (TBR). The second model was developed to quantify the base course reduction(BCR). The third model was developed to quantify the resilient modulus increase by using the geosynthetics to reinforce the base layer. The fourth model was developed to quantify the increase in resilient modulus by using the geosynthetics to stabilize the subgrade.Furthermore, The developed models were verified with experimental data to predict the amount of each model.

Subjects/Keywords: and Pavement Construction Quality Control; Materials Characterization; Nondestructive testing for Pavement; Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide Mecha; Non-Linear regression; Instrumentation; Soil Stabilization; Flexible Pavement; Base layer Reinforcement; Full Scale Testing; Accelerated Load Testing; Geosynthetics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hanandeh, S. (2016). Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-11012016-162954 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4421

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hanandeh, Shadi. “Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. etd-11012016-162954 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4421.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hanandeh, Shadi. “Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hanandeh S. Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: etd-11012016-162954 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4421.

Council of Science Editors:

Hanandeh S. Performance Evaluation of Instrumented Geosynthetics Reinforced Paved Test Sections Built Over Weak Subgrade Using Accelerated Load Testing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2016. Available from: etd-11012016-162954 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/4421

7. Clappe, Sylvie. Bringing methodological light to ecological processes : are ecological scales and constrained null models relevant solutions? : Apporter une lumière méthodologique aux processus écologiques : les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints sont-ils des solutions pertinentes?.

Degree: Docteur es, Écologie, 2018, Lyon

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1272

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Les distributions d'espèces observées dans un environnement hétérogène résultent de plusieurs processus déterministes et stochastiques agissant comme des filtres pour contraindre la coexistence des espèces. L’action successive de ces processus a pour conséquence directe de structurer spatialement la composition des communautés et la variation de ces compositions (i.e., diversité bêta). Un des objectifs majeurs de l'écologie des communautés et métacommunautés consiste à identifier et quantifier les effets respectifs de ces différents processus sur la diversité bêta des communautés afin de mieux comprendre et prédire la distribution de la biodiversité. L'expérimentation étant difficilement possible, les processus responsables de la variation spatiale de la composition des communautés sont généralement inférés à partir des structures spatiales des distributions d’espèces observées dans la nature. La thèse s’inscrit dans ce contexte et vise à améliorer les outils de statistique multivariée permettant d’identifier et quantifier l'effet des processus écologiques structurant les communautés et métacommunautés. En particulier, il est proposé d’intégrer les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints pour étudier l’effet de l’environnement. La décomposition des relations trait-environnement dans les échelles spatiales et phylogénétiques permet une étude plus approfondie du filtrage environnemental en associant son échelle spatiale d’action au signal phylogénétique des traits sélectionnés pour capturer l’histoire évolutive associée au filtrage environnemental. L’interprétation en terme de processus évolutifs est néanmoins limitée et mériterait l’intégration de modèles nuls phylogénétiquement contraints pour une analyse plus fine. Dans la continuité, des modèles nuls spatialement contrains ont été développés et intégrés à deux analyses multivariées très largement utilisées en écologie des communautés (i.e., partitionnement de variation et test de Mantel) pour estimer et tester l’effet de l’environnement sur les assemblages d’espèces. Ces deux analyses présentaient une surestimation de leur statistique mesurée ainsi qu’un taux anormal de faux positifs lorsque les distributions d’espèces (via processus de dispersion limitée) et l’environnement étaient indépendamment spatialement structurés. L’intégration de modèles nuls spatialement contraints a permis d’ajuster à la fois les estimations et les tests de ces deux analyses illustrant ainsi le besoin d’utiliser des modèles nuls écologiquement contraints pour une identification et quantification correctes des processus écologiques

Species distributions observed in an heterogeneous environment result from multiple deterministic and stochastic processes acting as filters to constrain species co-existence. As a direct consequence, the successive actions of these processes spatially structure communities composition and the variation of these compositions (i.e., beta-diversity). One of the major objective in community and metacommunity ecology is to identify and quantify the…

Advisors/Committee Members: Dray, Stéphane (thesis director), Peres-Neto, Pedro (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Écologie des communautés; Tests d’hypothèses; Analyses multivariées; Partitionnement de variation; Test de Mantel; Quatrième coin; Processus écologiques; Modèles mécanistes; Community ecology; Hypothesis-testing; Multivariate analyses; Variation partitioning; Mantel test; Fourth-corner; Environmental filtering; Mechanistic models; 570

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Clappe, S. (2018). Bringing methodological light to ecological processes : are ecological scales and constrained null models relevant solutions? : Apporter une lumière méthodologique aux processus écologiques : les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints sont-ils des solutions pertinentes?. (Doctoral Dissertation). Lyon. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1272

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clappe, Sylvie. “Bringing methodological light to ecological processes : are ecological scales and constrained null models relevant solutions? : Apporter une lumière méthodologique aux processus écologiques : les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints sont-ils des solutions pertinentes?.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Lyon. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1272.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Clappe S. Bringing methodological light to ecological processes : are ecological scales and constrained null models relevant solutions? : Apporter une lumière méthodologique aux processus écologiques : les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints sont-ils des solutions pertinentes?. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1272.

Council of Science Editors:

Clappe S. Bringing methodological light to ecological processes : are ecological scales and constrained null models relevant solutions? : Apporter une lumière méthodologique aux processus écologiques : les échelles écologiques et les modèles nuls contraints sont-ils des solutions pertinentes?. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1272

University of Waterloo

8. Smith, James Trevor. Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements.

Degree: 2010, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4900

► Virgin aggregate is being used faster than it is being made available creating a foreseeable shortage in the future. Despite this trend, the availability of… (more)

▼ Virgin aggregate is being used faster than it is being made available creating a foreseeable shortage in the future. Despite this trend, the availability of demolished concrete for use as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is increasing. Using this waste concrete as RCA conserves virgin aggregate, reduces the impact on landfills, decreases energy consumption and can provide cost savings. However, there are still many unanswered questions on the beneficial use of RCA in concrete pavements. This research addresses the many technical and cost-effective concerns regarding the use of RCA in concrete pavements by identifying concrete mixture and proportioning designs suitable for jointed plain concrete pavements; constructing test sections using varying amounts of RCA; monitoring performance through testing, condition surveys and sensor data; modeling RCA pavement performance; and predicting life cycle costs. The research was carried out as a partnership between the Centre for Pavement and Transportation Technology (CPATT) at the University of Waterloo, the Cement Association of Canada, Dufferin Construction, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The literature review provides an overview of sustainability and key performance indicators, the material properties of RCA both as an aggregate and in concrete, concrete mixture and proportioning designs with RCA, performance of existing RCA pavements, and the implementation of RCA highlighting some examples where RCA has been used successfully. Twelve preliminary mixes were developed using three total cementitious contents amounts of 315 kg/m3, 330 kg/m3, and 345 kg/m3 to determine four suitable mixes with varying coarse RCA contents (0%, 15%, 30% and 50%) to place at the CPATT test track. At 28-days, all of the twelve mixes exceed the 30 MPa design strength. Four test sections containing 0%, 15%, 30% and 50% coarse RCA were constructed in June 2007. The test sections had identical cross sections consisting of 250 mm portland cement concrete (PCC), 100 mm asphalt-stabilized OGDL and a 450 mm granular base. For each coarse RCA content, one slab was instrumented with six vibrating wire concrete embedment strain gages to measure long-term longitudinal and transverse strain due to environmental changes, two vibrating wire vertical extensometers to monitor slab curling and warping, two vibrating wire inter-panel extensometers to monitor joint movement, and two maturity meters to measure maturity and temperature. Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) testing showed that the mixes containing RCA exhibited similar or improved performance when compared to the conventional concrete for compressive and flexural strength, freeze-thaw durability and coefficient of thermal expansion. Pavement performance of the four test sections was evaluated using visual surveys following the Ontario Ministry of Transportation’s Manual for Condition rating of Rigid Pavements. Nine pavement evaluations have been performed every two to four…

Subjects/Keywords: recycled concrete aggregate; material testing; pavement performance; sensors; Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG); life cycle cost analysis (LCCA)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, J. T. (2010). Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4900

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, James Trevor. “Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements.” 2010. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4900.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, James Trevor. “Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements.” 2010. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Smith JT. Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4900.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Smith JT. Recycled Concrete Aggregate – A Viable Aggregate Source For Concrete Pavements. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4900

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Lawrence, James Jefferies. Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance.

Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2011, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7320

► Accurately and efficiently characterizing the material properties of hot mix asphalt (HMA) is critical to the design and development of pavements that can experience repeated… (more)

▼ Accurately and efficiently characterizing the material properties of hot mix asphalt (HMA) is critical to the design and development of pavements that can experience repeated loading for long periods of time and resist fatigue cracking. The Calibrated Mechanistic with Surface Energy (CMSE) method of design to preclude this primary type of distress requires that the HMA material be tested using the Relaxation Modulus (RM) and Repeated Direct Tension (RDT) tests to determine the material properties required for accurate calculations. The RM test requires considerable time to complete and provides results with relatively high variability. Further research has lead to the development of the Viscoelastic Characterization (VEC) test, from which the RM master curve can be developed. Material properties from the RM master curve can be easily determined and applied in the CMSE method. The modified repeated direct tension (RDT*) test removes rest periods and unwanted healing from the RDT test. The RDT* test also allows the dissipated pseudo strain energy (DPSE) to be separated into permanent deformation and fatigue cracking energies. The rate of change in DPSE associated with fatigue can then be applied in the CMSE method. Data sets for these tests are extensive and time consuming to analyze. Microsoft Excel spreadsheet macros were developed to reduce the time required for analysis from an estimated 10 hours to approximately 8 minutes. Testing of 14 different samples showed that the VEC and RDT* tests still required some adjustments in order to get accurate results. The rate of loading in the VEC test must be reduced to allow sufficient testing time to obtain the required data. The RDT* test requires a decrease in the controlling strain levels from 80 mu-epsilon and 350 mu-epsilon to 20 mu-epsilon and 175 mu-epsilon for the undamaged and damaged portions of the test, respectively. Testing of a sample using the new VEC and RDT* test recommendations showed that the recommended changes provided better results. Samples were undamaged where required and damaged portions of the test ran to completion without causing compression or sample failure. Material properties can be accurately determined and applied in the CMSE method. Advisors/Committee Members: Epps Martin, Amy (advisor), Lytton, Robert L. (committee member), Glover, Charles J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Asphalt Fatigue Testing; Asphalt Fatigue; Viscoelastic Characterization; Repeated Direct Tension; Calibrated Mechanistic with Surface Energy

…3 Fatigue Testing Methods… …3 4 19 27 RECENT FATIGUE TESTING DEVELOPMENTS… …71 84 ANALYSIS OF VEC AND RDT* TESTING METHODS ..................................... 94… …162 x LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE Page 1 Common Fatigue Testing Methods… …106 22 VEC Test Average Microstrains Recorded for Same Sample at Three Different Testing…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lawrence, J. J. (2011). Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7320

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lawrence, James Jefferies. “Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7320.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lawrence, James Jefferies. “Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance.” 2011. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lawrence JJ. Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7320.

Council of Science Editors:

Lawrence JJ. Advanced Tools For Characterizing HMA Fatigue Resistance. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-12-7320

Kansas State University

10. Onyango, Mbakisya A. Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing.

Degree: PhD, Department of Civil Engineering, 2009, Kansas State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1362

► Permanent deformation (rutting) is the most critical load-associated distress that develops on asphalt pavements significantly affecting their performance. Past research work focused on estimating permanent… (more)

▼ Permanent deformation (rutting) is the most critical load-associated distress that develops on asphalt pavements significantly affecting their performance. Past research work focused on estimating permanent deformation of asphalt mixes using empirical prediction models or prediction models based on linear elastic material models. In recent years, mechanistic and mechanistic-empirical prediction models have been developed to take into account the behavior of asphalt material (viscoelastic, viscoplastic or elasto-visco-plastic). This research project aims to evaluate existing mechanistic models that predict permanent deformation (rutting) in asphalt mixes by comparing computed permanent deformation to that measured in a full-scale accelerated pavement test. Six pavement sections were constructed in the Civil Infrastructure Systems Laboratory (CISL) of Kansas State University with six different asphalt mixes. The sections were loaded with up to 700,000 load repetitions of a 22,000lb single axle. The transverse profiles at the pavement surface were measured periodically. For material characterization, asphalt mix samples fabricated in the laboratory, were subjected to dynamic modulus (|E*|), static creep - flow time (Ft), dynamic creep - flow number (Fn), triaxial and uniaxial strength tests, repetitive shear at constant height (RSCH) and frequency sweep at constant height (FSCH). The finite element software, Abaqus, was used to simulate and evaluate four permanent deformation prediction models, which are: creep model, elasto-visco-plastic model, viscoelastic model and Drucker-Prager model. The predicted permanent deformation was then compared to permanent deformation measured in CISL for the six of asphalt pavement sections. It was found that, with some improvements, creep and elasto-visco-plastic models could be used to predict permanent deformation in asphalt mixes. The viscoelastic model greatly under-predict permanent deformation, and the Drucker-Prager model with hardening criteria over predicts permanent deformation as compared to values measured in CISL. Advisors/Committee Members: Stefan A. Romanoschi.

Subjects/Keywords: Permanent deformation,; Asphalt,; Mechanistic prediction models,; Rutting,; Laboratory testing of asphalt mixes; Engineering, Civil (0543)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Onyango, M. A. (2009). Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing. (Doctoral Dissertation). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1362

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Onyango, Mbakisya A. “Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Kansas State University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1362.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Onyango, Mbakisya A. “Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing.” 2009. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Onyango MA. Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Kansas State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1362.

Council of Science Editors:

Onyango MA. Verification of mechanistic prediction models for permanent deformation in asphalt mixes using accelerated pavement testing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Kansas State University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1362

11. Qamhia, Issam I.A. Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials.

Degree: PhD, Civil Engineering, 2019, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104851

► Quarry By-products (QB), usually less than 0.25 in. (6 mm) in size, are the residual deposits from the production of required grades of aggregates and… (more)

▼ Quarry By-products (QB), usually less than 0.25 in. (6 mm) in size, are the residual deposits from the production of required grades of aggregates and are often stockpiled in excess quantities at the quarries. More than 175 million US tons of QB are produced every year from the 3,000 operating quarries around the US. QB pose environmental and economic challenges as they accumulate in large quantities in landfills or interfere with quarry operations. With recent focus on sustainable construction practices and the scarcity of natural resources, more common and sustainable uses of by-product materials such as QB are becoming imperative. This dissertation focuses on the introduction and evaluation of new sustainable applications of QB and/or QB mixed with other marginal, virgin or recycled aggregate materials in pavements. The selected QB applications were evaluated through the construction of full-scale pavement test sections utilizing QB in targeted sustainable applications, and testing them with heavy wheel loads through Accelerated Pavement Testing (APT). The QB applications studied included both unbound and bound (chemically stabilized) pavement subsurface/foundation layers. The studied QB pavement applications were in five categories: (1) Using QB for filling voids between large stones as aggregate subgrade on soft subgrades; (2) increased fines content (e.g. 15% QB fines passing No. 200 sieve) in dense-graded aggregate subbase over soft subgrade soils; (3) using QB as a cement or fly ash-treated subbase (e.g., in inverted pavements); (4) using QB as a cement-treated base material; and (5) for base course applications, blending QB with coarse aggregate fractions of recycled materials and stabilizing the blends with 3% cement or 10% class C fly ash. In preparation for the field evaluations, several laboratory studies were conducted to finalize the designs of intended QB applications. The main laboratory studies were: (1) A packing study of QB with recycled coarse aggregates to determine the optimum blending ratio; (2) a packing study to aid the construction of large aggregate subgrade with QB materials filling the inherent voids; and, (3) Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) tests for chemically stabilized QB samples. Fifteen full-scale pavement test sections utilizing QB applications and one conventional flexible section were constructed in three ‘Test Cells.’ Cell 1 had four paved and four unpaved test sections to study construction platforms and low volume road applications of QB. Cells 2 and 3 studied chemically stabilized QB applications for base and subbase layers. Construction activities included engineering the top 305 mm (12 in.) of existing subgrade to a California Bearing Ratio (CBR) = 1% for Cell 1 test sections and to a CBR = 6% for all the pavement test sections in Cells 2 and 3. Subgrade modification was achieved through moisture adjustment and compaction. The construction of the QB layers were successfully achieved and extensively monitored. The data for nuclear density measurements and moisture… Advisors/Committee Members: Tutumluer, Erol (advisor), Tutumluer, Erol (Committee Chair), Al-Qadi, Imad (committee member), Thompson, Marshall (committee member), Ozer, Hasan (committee member), Puppala, Anand (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Quarry By-Products; Accelerated Pavement Testing; Life Cycle Assessment; Life Cycle Cost Analysis; Sustainability; Mechanistic Modelling; Pavement; Stabilized; Aggregates; Transportation Geotechnics; Nontraditional Aggregates; FRAP; FRCA

…72 CHAPTER 5: FULL-SCALE TESTING AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING… …105 CHAPTER 7: MECHANISTIC ANALYSES OF PAVEMENT TEST SECTIONS… …109 7.3 MECHANISTIC ANALYSES OF FWD RESPONSES… …175 9.3 SUMMARY OF FINDINGS FROM MECHANISTIC ANALYSIS AND MODELING… …Asphalt Institute ANN Artificial Neural Networks APT Accelerated Pavement Testing AREA…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Qamhia, I. I. A. (2019). Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104851

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Qamhia, Issam I A. “Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104851.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Qamhia, Issam I A. “Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Qamhia IIA. Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104851.

Council of Science Editors:

Qamhia IIA. Sustainable pavement applications utilizing quarry by-products and recycled/nontraditional aggregate materials. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/104851

12. Chow, Liang Chern. Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development.

Degree: MS, 0106, 2014, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50674

► The rutting damage model as incorporated into the AASHTO’s mechanistic-empirical (M-E) pavement design approaches (i.e. Pavement ME Design) was found to produce inadequate rut estimates… (more)

▼ The rutting damage model as incorporated into the AASHTO’s mechanistic-empirical (M-E) pavement design approaches (i.e. Pavement ME Design) was found to produce inadequate rut estimates in unbound aggregate base/subbase layers by discounting the contribution of stress state from the original Tseng and Lytton (1989) model. This research study was aimed at developing a new permanent deformation prediction model that would properly take into account the effects of applied load, applied stress in relation to material’s strength and number of load cycles through a well-established laboratory test matrix for mechanical properties. Sixteen (16) different unbound granular materials commonly used in the state of North Carolina (NC) for pavement subbase/base applications were used in this study. The goal was to accurately estimate the field performances of aggregate base courses through development of a new rutting damage model, referred to as UIUC rutting model. The laboratory phase of this study presented in this thesis considered a target engineered gradation within the lower and upper limits of North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) base course specification bands with established moisture-density relationship for each of the selected granular materials. Experimental characterizations primarily consisted of imaging based aggregate shape analyses, moisture-density, resilient modulus, shear strength, and permanent deformation tests based on a comprehensive test matrix. The concept of Shear Stress Ratio (SSR) or stress/strength level, which can be derived from Mohr-Coulomb failure criteria, was introduced in this study to properly examine the effects of varying degree of stress/strength to permanent deformation behavior of unbound materials. These test results established a complete database to develop the UIUC rutting model in order to properly capture the effects of stress state and material properties. The model predictions were compared with Pavement ME Design results to justify the validity and performance of the proposed model. Advisors/Committee Members: Tutumluer, Erol (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Unbound granular material; Permanent deformation; Rutting; Shear strength; Shear Stress Ratio; Repeated load triaxial testing; Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG); Rutting model

…testing. Current predictive model as implemented in the latest mechanistic-empirical (M-E… …most significant mechanistic properties influencing pavement performance (Saeed et al… …significance with the recent release of the Pavement ME Design implementation of the mechanistic… …Granular Material Property Database for Laboratory Testing The main objective of this task was to… …Strength and Permanent Deformation Testing Under this task, laboratory triaxial tests were…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chow, L. C. (2014). Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50674

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chow, Liang Chern. “Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development.” 2014. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50674.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chow, Liang Chern. “Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chow LC. Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50674.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chow LC. Permanent deformation behavior of unbound granular materials and rutting model development. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/50674

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

13. Πλάτη, Χριστίνα. Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων.

Degree: 2009, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ)

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/17384

► Στην παρούσα διατριβή διερευνάται η αξιολόγηση της κατά μήκος ομαλότητας της επιφάνειας ευκάμπτων οδοστρωμάτων, στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητάς τους, υπό το πρίσμα της σύγχρονης αντίληψης… (more)

▼ Στην παρούσα διατριβή διερευνάται η αξιολόγηση της κατά μήκος ομαλότητας της επιφάνειας ευκάμπτων οδοστρωμάτων, στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητάς τους, υπό το πρίσμα της σύγχρονης αντίληψης για την «προστασία» των οδοστρωμάτων, σύμφωνα με την οποία, η έννοια συγκεκριμένης διάρκειας ζωής οδοστρώματος ουσιαστικά δεν υφίσταται. Τα οδοστρώματα συνεχίζουν να λειτουργούν ως αναπόσπαστο μέρος του συγκοινωνιακού ιστού, ως οδοστρώματα μεγάλης διάρκειας (Long Life Pavements: LLP) και επομένως πρέπει, όχι μόνο να συντηρούνται, αλλά και μέσω κατάλληλων διαδικασιών πρόληψης να προστατεύονται, έτσι ώστε να διατηρείται η επιτελεστικότητά τους και πέραν του αρχικού χρόνου σχεδιασμού τους. Η επιτελεστικότητά των οδοστρωμάτων εκφράζεται ως η σύνδεση δύο βασικών απαιτήσεων: της διατήρησης, σε βάθος χρόνου, μίας επαρκούς φέρουσας ικανότητας και της εξασφάλισης ενός επιθυμητού επιπέδου λειτουργικής κατάστασης της επιφάνειας των οδοστρωμάτων, τόσο σε επίπεδο έργου, όσο και σε επίπεδο δικτύου. Η ομαλότητα -η οποία ορίζεται ως οι αποκλίσεις της επιφάνειας ενός οδοστρώματος από τη θεωρητικά επίπεδη επιφάνεια- αποτελεί ένα καθοριστικό στοιχείο σύνθεσης της επιτελεστικότητάς των οδοστρωμάτων, καθώς συνδέεται με τα επιφανειακά-λειτουργικά χαρακτηριστικά ή με τα δομικά χαρακτηριστικά τους, ή κατά περίπτωση και με τα δύο. Κατά τη διερεύνηση των επιμέρους θεμάτων που περιλαμβάνονται στην παρούσα εργασία, η ομαλότητα αντιμετωπίζεται όχι μόνο ως μία καθοριστική παράμετρος για την αξιολόγηση της ποιότητας κύλισης, με αποδέκτες τους χρήστες μίας οδού, αλλά και ως ένα χαρακτηριστικό του οδοστρώματος που μπορεί να δώσει πληροφορίες για τη δομική κατάσταση του. Η μεθοδολογία που ακολουθείται, στην παρούσα διατριβή, χαρακτηρίζεται από επιμέρους θεματικές, με κοινό στόχο, την επίτευξη ενός αντικειμενικού τρόπου αξιολόγησης της ομαλότητας, μέσα και από τη δυνατότητα πρόβλεψης της εξέλιξης της στο χρόνο, έτσι ώστε να βελτιστοποιείται η διαδικασία διαχείρισης της συντήρησης των οδοστρωμάτων, στο πλαίσιο προστασίας τους. Τα αποτελέσματα των επιμέρους διερευνήσεων στηρίζονται στην επεξεργασία και ανάλυση μεγάλου αριθμού επιτόπου στοιχείων οδοστρώματος. Η συλλογή των υπόψη στοιχείων πραγματοποιήθηκε στο πλαίσιο της παρούσας διατριβής, κατά τη διάρκεια διαφόρων οδικών πειραμάτων, όπου χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα Συστήματα μη καταστρεπτικών δοκιμών (Non Destructive Testing: NDT) του Εργαστηρίου Οδοποιίας ΕΜΠ. Η διεξαγωγή των προαναφερόμενων πειραμάτων έγινε με γνώμονα τη διασαφήνιση του τρόπου εισδοχής της παραμέτρου «ομαλότητα» στη συμπεριφορά και κατ’ επέκταση, στην επιτελεστικότητα των οδοστρωμάτων, στις διάφορες φάσεις λειτουργίας τους. Στην παρούσα διατριβή αναπτύσσεται μία προσεγγιστική μεθοδολογία, όπου η αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας αποτελεί το μέσο για τη διαχείριση της συντήρησης των οδοστρωμάτων. Μετά από αναφορά στους περιορισμούς που έχει ο ευρέως χρησιμοποιούμενος διεθνής δείκτης ομαλότητας IRI (International Roughness Index) λόγω του προσομοιώματος υπολογισμού του, η προτεινόμενη μεθοδολογία βασίζεται στις δυνατότητες της δυναμικής φασματικής (Power Spectral…

Subjects/Keywords: Οδοστρώματα; Επιτελεστικότητα; Ομαλότητα; Λειτουργική και δομική αξιολόγηση; Συντήρηση και προστασία οδοστρώματος; Μη καταστρεπτικές δοκιμές; Μηχανιστικό πρότυπο πρόβλεψης ομαλότητας; Pavements; Serviceability; Roughness; Functional and structural evaluation; Pavement maintenance and preservation; Non destructive testing; Mechanistic roughness prediction model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Πλάτη, . �. (2009). Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων. (Thesis). National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/17384

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Πλάτη, Χριστίνα. “Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων.” 2009. Thesis, National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ). Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/17384.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Πλάτη, Χριστίνα. “Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων.” 2009. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Πλάτη �. Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων. [Internet] [Thesis]. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ); 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/17384.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Πλάτη �. Συμβολή στην αξιολόγηση της ομαλότητας στο πλαίσιο της επιτελεστικότητας οδοστρωμάτων. [Thesis]. National Technical University of Athens (NTUA); Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο (ΕΜΠ); 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/17384

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Waterloo

14. McCanna, David. Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products.

Degree: 2009, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338

► The utilization of in vitro tests with a tiered testing strategy for detection of mild ocular irritants can reduce the use of animals for testing,… (more)

▼ The utilization of in vitro tests with a tiered testing strategy for detection of mild ocular irritants can reduce the use of animals for testing, provide mechanistic data on toxic effects, and reduce the uncertainty associated with dose selection for clinical trials. The first section of this thesis describes how in vitro methods can be used to improve the prediction of the toxicity of chemicals and ophthalmic products. The proper utilization of in vitro methods can accurately predict toxic threshold levels and reduce animal use in product development. Sections two, three and four describe the development of new sensitive in vitro methods for predicting ocular toxicity. Maintaining the barrier function of the cornea is critical for the prevention of the penetration of infections microorganisms and irritating chemicals into the eye. Chapter 2 describes the development of a method for assessing the effects of chemicals on tight junctions using a human corneal epithelial and canine kidney epithelial cell line. In Chapter 3 a method that uses a primary organ culture for assessing single instillation and multiple instillation toxic effects is described. The ScanTox system was shown to be an ideal system to monitor the toxic effects over time as multiple readings can be taken of treated bovine lenses using the nondestructive method of assessing for the lens optical quality. Confirmations of toxic effects were made with the utilization of the viability dye alamarBlue. Chapter 4 describes the development of sensitive in vitro assays for detecting ocular toxicity by measuring the effects of chemicals on the mitochondrial integrity of bovine cornea, bovine lens epithelium and corneal epithelial cells, using fluorescent dyes. The goal of this research was to develop an in vitro test battery that can be used to accurately predict the ocular toxicity of new chemicals and ophthalmic formulations. By comparing the toxicity seen in vivo animals and humans with the toxicity response in these new in vitro methods, it was demonstrated that these in vitro methods can be utilized in a tiered testing strategy in the development of new chemicals and ophthalmic formulations.

Subjects/Keywords: in vitro; Alternative Methods; alamarBlue; rhodamine; tight junctions; bovine lens; viability; toxicity; mitochondria; mitochondria integrity; benzalkonium chloride; sodium dodecyl sulphate; sodium lauryl sulfate; scanning electron microscopy; Draize; Draize maximal average scores; zonula occludens; cosmetic directive; PETA; humane society; animal league; people for the ethical treatment of animals; interagency coordinating committee on the validation of alternative methods; ICCVAM; ECVAM; JaCVAM; BCOP; bovine cornea; ocular irritants; ocular irritation; ocular toxicity; human corneal epithelial cells; vitro; confocal; confocal microscopy; metabolic activity; optical quality; reactive oxygen species; contact lens; contact lens care solutions; barrier function; microbial keratitis; mulitipurpose solutions; tight junction; cell damage; claudin; ZO-1; occludin; MDCK; Madin; Madin-Darby; canine kidney cells; cornea; human cornea; human corneal epithelium; epithelial cell line; human corneal epithelial cell line; sodium fluorescein; sodium fluorescein permeability; fluorescein permeability; ocular surface; cell monolayer; Araki-Sasaki; cell physiology; risk assessment; safety assessment; ScanTox; scanning laser; lens epithelium; corneal cells; in vitro model; ophthalmic formulations; multiple instillation; back vertex; animal testing; rabbit testing; alternatives to animal testing; cultured bovine lens; toxicity of chemicals; irritation; irritants; laser scanner; organ culture; delayed toxicity; toxins; hydrogen peroxide; cornea toxicity; cornea toxicity models; prediction of human toxicity; no observable adverse effect level; lowest observable adverse effect level; NOAEL; LOAEL; toxicity thresholds; safety factors; cornea; uncertainty factors; preservatives; disinfectants; ophthalmic products; preclinical; preclinical testing; epithelial barrier; drug penetration; clinical confocal microscopy; animal rights; rabbit cornea; human cornea; human clinical effects; toxic; animal rights activist; sensitive measures; toxic effect; toxicity threshold; agar overlay; agar diffusion; agar overlay method; agar diffusion method; cytochrome; cytochrome c; apoptosis; necrotic; apoptotic; necrosis; caspase; rhodamine 123; resazuran; resorufin; cell death; cell viability; metabolic dye; microsomal; microsomal enzymes; cytotoxicity; cytotoxic; cytotoxic effect; MTT; XTT; WST-1; plasma membrane; mitochondrial; mitochondrial morphology; ocular toxicity potential; ocular toxicity; human corneal epithelial; cell line; confocal analysis; corneal epithelium; cell fluorescence; alamarBlue assay; rhodamine dye; animal welfare; toxic injury; degraded mitochondria; epithelial monolayer; disinfectants; membrane integrity; eye toxicity; eye; viability dye; toxicity in humans; human toxicity; effects on the mitochondria; mitochondrial toxicity; in vitro battery; in vitro test battery; ophthalmic eye drop; direct contact; product safety; cytotoxicity potential; molecular; molecular biology; refine reduce replace; sensitivity and relevance; sensitivity; relevance; rabbit ocular irritation test; product development; cytotoxicity models; cytotoxicity alternative methods; replacements for animal testing; three r's; beagle; tiered testing; tiered testing strategy; replacements animal testing; mechanistic toxicity; cornea mitochondria; dose response; threshold

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McCanna, D. (2009). Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McCanna, David. “Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products.” 2009. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McCanna, David. “Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products.” 2009. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

McCanna D. Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McCanna D. Development of Sensitive In Vitro Assays to Assess the Ocular Toxicity Potential of Chemicals and Ophthalmic Products. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4338

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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