subject:(marine ecology)

University of Manitoba

1. Maynard, Laurie D. Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae.

Degree: Biological Sciences, 2018, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33376

► While foraging, a predator is expected to try maximizing its net energy gain according to given internal and external conditions. Gulls are known to be… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Maynard, L. D. (2018). Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33376

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maynard, Laurie D. “Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33376.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maynard, Laurie D. “Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Maynard LD. Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33376.

Council of Science Editors:

Maynard LD. Internal and external factors influencing foraging ecology of North Atlantic large Laridae. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/33376

University of Oxford

2. Laverick, Jack Henry. Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fff27b01-0466-4dea-aa94-665c0c492d5e ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770702

► Tropical coral reefs extend deeper than many people are aware. Though we may be familiar with zooxanthellate coral just below the surface, the deepest recorded… (more)

▼ Tropical coral reefs extend deeper than many people are aware. Though we may be familiar with zooxanthellate coral just below the surface, the deepest recorded are further than 150m down. This thesis focusses on mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), beginning at 30m depth and extending to the deepest photosynthetic coral holobionts. Such understudied reefs require attention not just for their novelty. As the pressures which threaten shallow reefs attenuate with depth, MCEs may represent a refuge from anthropogenic stressors such as ocean warming. This DPhil occurred during the third global coral bleaching event, and considers whether the mesophotic zone could provide a refuge for shallow coral species into the future. Unfortunately, directly testing for deep coral refuges would require the destruction of shallow reefs and patient observation of any recovery. To side-step this process I consider a number of barriers to refuge dynamics. If MCEs are to act as a refuge for shallow species both depth zones must contain similar species pools. In chapter two I undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise existing ecological surveys. I find that after half a century of research the mesophotic literature is still largely descriptive, likely because of the difficulties associated with accessing MCEs. I quantify the proportion of shallow species also observed deeper than 30m. The degree of community overlap varies by geographic region and with taxonomic groups, yet in some cases a substantial proportion of the shallow species pool can be found on MCEs as currently defined. Chapter three is based on primary research on the MCEs of Utila, Honduras. I consider a biological approach for recognising MCEs, as a global 30m depth limit is unlikely to capture variation in community zonation dependent on local conditions. I show that a change from shallow-specialist to depth-generalist taxa is largely coincident with current depth-based definitions, but accommodates site-specific variation in scleractinian communities. Locations with deeper maximum depth ranges for shallow species may be more likely to provide refuge from negative impacts. In addition, the recognition of mesophotic reefs as a biological assemblage rather than a depth zone will aid the design of experimental manipulations and allow logical comparisons between locations. Site-specific variation in species depth ranges, and the ability to survive both on MCEs and shallow reefs, are likely determined by the physiology of the coral holobiont. In chapter four I quantify metabolic change in the depth-generalist coral Agaricia lamarcki from two locations around Utila. Depth ranges are known to differ at these two sites. I find site-specific physiological profiles, with heterotrophy increasing with depth and a reduction in photosynthetic capacity at the site with the smallest depth range. I also find evidence to suggest greater niche conservation with depth at the site with the largest depth range. The same colonies assessed in chapter four undergo experimental…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Laverick, J. H. (2018). Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fff27b01-0466-4dea-aa94-665c0c492d5e ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770702

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Laverick, Jack Henry. “Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fff27b01-0466-4dea-aa94-665c0c492d5e ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770702.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Laverick, Jack Henry. “Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Laverick JH. Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fff27b01-0466-4dea-aa94-665c0c492d5e ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770702.

Council of Science Editors:

Laverick JH. Exploring mesophotic depth refuges on coral reefs. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2018. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fff27b01-0466-4dea-aa94-665c0c492d5e ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.770702

Columbia University

3. Frischkorn, Kyle Robert. Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean.

Degree: 2018, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X654G9

► The colonial, N2 fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium is a keystone species in oligotrophic ocean ecosystems. Trichodesmium is responsible for approximately 50% of the total biologically fixed… (more)

▼ The colonial, N2 fixing cyanobacterium Trichodesmium is a keystone species in oligotrophic ocean ecosystems. Trichodesmium is responsible for approximately 50% of the total biologically fixed N2 in the ocean, and this “new” nitrogen fuels primary productivity and the amount of carbon sequestered by the ocean. Trichodesmium does not exist in isolation. Colonies occur ubiquitously with an assemblage of epibiotic microorganisms that are distinct from planktonic microbes and modulated across environments, yet the implications of this relationship have not been explored. In this thesis, the ecology, physiology, and potential geochemical impact of interactions within the Trichodesmium host-microbiome system were examined across three different oligotrophic ocean environments. First, to establish the metabolic diversity contributed by the microbiome to Trichodesmium consortia, a whole community metagenomic sequencing approach was used across a transect the western North Atlantic. This study demonstrated that the microbiome contributes a large amount of unique functional potential and is modulated across a geochemical gradient. In the following study, metatranscriptomics was used to show that such metabolic potential in Trichodesmium and the microbiome was expressed and modulated across the environment. Colonies were sampled in the western tropical South Pacific and gene expression dynamics indicated co-limitation by iron and phosphorus, and revealed a mechanism for phosphate reduction by Trichodesmium and subsequent utilization by the microbiome. These activities were verified with phosphate reduction rate measurements and indicated cryptic phosphorus cycling within colonies. Next, the suite of potential physiological interactions between host and microbiome was assessed with metatranscriptome sequencing on high frequency samples of Trichodesmium colonies from the North Pacific subtropical gyre. Synchronized day-night gene expression periodicity between consortia members indicated tightly linked metabolisms. The functional annotations of these synchronous genes indicated intra-consortia cycling of nitrogen, phosphorus and iron, as well as a microbiome dependence on Trichodesmium-derived cobalamin—interactions that could alter the transfer of these resources to the surrounding water column. In the final study, the effect of the microbiome on Trichodesmium N2 fixation was assessed. Using colonies obtained from the North Atlantic, activity in the microbiome was selectively modified using quorum sensing acyl homoserine lactone cell-cell signaling, a mechanism that Trichodesmium itself does not possess. These experiments indicated that the microbiome has the potential to increase or decrease Trichodesmium N2 fixation to a degree that rivals the effects of alterations in nutrient concentration, but at a more rapid rate. In all, the research presented in this thesis demonstrates the integral importance of the microbiome to Trichodesmium physiology and ecology, highlighting the importance of an unexplored facet of marine microbial…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology; Ecophysiology; Trichodesmium; Marine microbial ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Frischkorn, K. R. (2018). Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X654G9

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Frischkorn, Kyle Robert. “Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X654G9.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Frischkorn, Kyle Robert. “Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Frischkorn KR. Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X654G9.

Council of Science Editors:

Frischkorn KR. Physiological ecology of Trichodesmium and its microbiome in the oligotrophic ocean. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8X654G9

Oregon State University

4. Bryson, Samuel. Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques.

Degree: PhD, 2017, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61763

► The combined activities of diverse heterotrophic marine microorganisms significantly shape global biogeochemical cycles, but models of these activities are currently limited to aggregate microbial community… (more)

▼ The combined activities of diverse heterotrophic marine microorganisms significantly shape global biogeochemical cycles, but models of these activities are currently limited to aggregate microbial community processes, and it remains unclear how community structure and the functional roles of specific microbial taxa should be integrated into these models. Therefore, understanding the contributions of specific microbial populations toward net community processes remains a critical step for determining the appropriate taxonomic resolution that should be employed in more complex models of ecosystem processes. The application of ‘omics’ methods, such as metagenomics and metaproteomics, has revealed the phylogenetic diversity of natural microbial communities and the functional potential of discrete populations. From the integration of these observations, an understanding of microbial community dynamics has emerged in which niche processes influence general patterns of community structure at broad taxonomic scales across spatial and temporal resource gradients. Within these dynamic microbial systems, the partitioning of specific resources is governed by resource preferences and competitive interactions that cannot be ascertained with ‘omics’ approaches alone. In order to link phylogenetic identity with ecological function, and characterize resource partitioning in coastal marine microbial communities, we applied novel mass spectrometry techniques to stable isotope probing (SIP) experiments conducted on microbes sampled from coastal North Pacific surface waters. Chapter 2 presents the first application of proteomic stable isotope probing (proteomic SIP) to track 13C-labeled substrates into the proteomes of planktonic marine microbial communities. We developed two metrics for describing observations of label incorporation into peptides. Label frequency is a measure of protein synthesis activity that is calculated as the ratio of labeled to total detected peptide mass spectra for a defined set of proteins. Average enrichment is a measure of substrate specialization, and is calculated from the average percent of stable isotope content measured for a set of labeled peptides. Using these metrics, we compared the assimilation of 13C-labeled amino acids by abundant microbial taxa over two time-points, 15 and 32 hours. The communities sampled from Newport, OR and Monterey Bay, CA exhibited similar behaviors. Alteromonadales and Rhodobacterales proteomes had significantly high label frequency at the first time-point but had diverging trajectories in the second time-point indicating that Rhodobacterales held a competitive advantage as the amended substrate became depleted. In Chapter 3, we examined the assimilation of six 13C-labeld substrates by microbial taxa sampled from Monterey Bay, CA. Comparisons between relative abundance shifts and substrate assimilation were inconsistent, emphasizing the need for caution when interpreting relative abundances shifts in microbial community experiments.… Advisors/Committee Members: Mueller, Ryan (advisor), Giovannoni, Stephen (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: marine microbial ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bryson, S. (2017). Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61763

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bryson, Samuel. “Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61763.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bryson, Samuel. “Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bryson S. Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61763.

Council of Science Editors:

Bryson S. Linking Phylogenetic Identity and Biogeochemical Function of Uncultivated Marine Microbes with Novel Mass Spectrometry Techniques. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61763

Victoria University of Wellington

5. Berman, Jade. Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages.

Degree: 2012, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2061

► The primary goals of this thesis were to understand the spatial and temporal pattern of sponge assemblage variation over a variety of scales and investigate… (more)

▼ The primary goals of this thesis were to understand the spatial and temporal pattern of sponge assemblage variation over a variety of scales and investigate suitable monitoring methods for sponge assemblages. Sponges are an ecologically significant group in benthic marine communities, which are often ignored in current monitoring schemes. In chapter two the sponge biodiversity of New Zealand waters to 200m was examined using Taxonomic Distinctness measures initially to test if genera data could be used as a proxy for species level data in New Zealand waters. It was found that over 50% of the variation in genera biodiversity could be explained by location and depth around New Zealand. The study helped pinpoint where there were gaps in the New Zealand dataset, in particular for the West Coast of the South Island and also areas such as the Wellington South Coast, which had higher than expected values for Average and Variation Taxonomic distinctness measures, which as important areas where sponges should be monitored to make sure the high levels of biodiversity are protected. Taxonomic distinctness measures are useful for initially assessing how the biodiversity is distributed, especially when using a data set with uneven sampling effort, as it is robust to spatial and temporal bias in the majority of cases. However, there was an outlier to the genera data correlating well with the variation in species data in the case of a site dominated by Haliclona sp (Lyttelton Harbour). In chapters three and four the spatial and temporal variability of sponge assemblages of the Wellington South Coast were explored creating both a species list for the area and an understanding of how the sponge assemblage varies over time and space. There were significant differences in the sponges assemblages in similar habitat types over a scale of a few hundred metres. In addition, although all the sponge assemblages changed seasonally, the changes at each sampling site responded in a slightly different way most likely due to spatiotemporal variation in environmental conditions. A similar seasonal pattern was also observed in chapter five for sponge assemblages at Skomer Marine Reserve and this pattern was also clear when using morphological monitoring methods. This means that once a site has been mapped for biodiversity it is possible for some habitats to use morphological monitoring to identify if the sponge assemblage is changing significantly saving time and money. The results from Indonesia (chapter six) showed that although the sponge assemblages were changing significantly in the actual species present and their abundances, the proportion of diversity within each spatial level (quadrat, site and region) remained consistent when sampled at the same time each year throughout the five year study. In species rich assemblages there are a variety of life strategies that can respond differently to shifts in environmental conditions and contribute to ecological functioning in various ways. Various monitoring methods have been tested using sponge… Advisors/Committee Members: Bell, James.

Subjects/Keywords: Porifera; Ecology; Marine

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Berman, J. (2012). Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages. (Doctoral Dissertation). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2061

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Berman, Jade. “Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2061.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Berman, Jade. “Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Berman J. Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2061.

Council of Science Editors:

Berman J. Patterns of Temporal and Spatial Variability of Sponge Assemblages. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/2061

Florida State University

6. Mickle, Alejandra. Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico.

Degree: MS, Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, 2016, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2016SP_Mickle_fsu_0071N_13275 ;

► Hagfishes (Myxinidae) are common in deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Two of the species found in the GOM are endemic to the… (more)

▼ Hagfishes (Myxinidae) are common in deep waters of the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Two of the species found in the GOM are endemic to the area and potentially provide key ecosystem services (e.g. generate substrate turnover and recycling of organic matter by consuming carrion falls) to the deep environments of the Gulf. Yet, very little is known about hagfish life histories and ecology. I investigated inter and intraspecific variations in trophic structure of Eptatretus springeri, Eptatretus minor, Myxine mcmillanae, including variations along relevant environmental gradients. At the time of this study, the Gulf of Mexico had recently experienced an environmental disaster with the Deep Water Horizon (DWH) oil spill. As a result, I also investigated the potential effects of the DWH oil spill on hagfish trophic structure, and the potential for higher bioaccumulation of mercury (Hg) in their muscle tissue. Feeding ecology and trophic structure were investigated using nitrogen (δ15N), carbon (δ13C) and sulfur (δ34S) stable isotopes and variability in the lipid content (Δδ13C) of each species was used as an indicator of periods of feeding and fasting. I was able to differentiate the isotopic niche of each of the species and determine the different feeding ecologies of E. springeri and M. mcmillanae. The isotopic niche of E. minor overlaps with that of E. springeri and M. mcmillanae. The most depleted mean δ15N values were observed in E. springeri (12.8‰), followed by E. minor (13.9 ‰) and M. mcmillanae (14.9‰). Eptatretus springeri had the highest (Δδ13C), lowest trophic level (δ15N) and exhibited the most isotopic variation with depth. This could suggest this species is an active predator that feeds regularly, and potentially relies on scavenging only to supplement its diet. Eptatretus minor had slightly higher Δδ13C, intermediate but depleted δ15N, and higher δ15N isotopic diversity. These characteristics suggest a more opportunistic foraging behavior for this species, potentially feeding on prey items from several trophic levels. Myxine mcmillanae had the highest δ15N but lowest Δδ13C, and no variation in δ15N with depth. These trends indicate this species could be experiencing irregular feeding with periods of fasting, potentially due to a mostly scavenging behavior and occasionally feeding on larger but infrequently available carrion falls of large animals. Spatial analysis showed all hagfish species displayed enriched δ15N and δ13C, and depleted δ34S values on the continental slope off Louisiana than along the North Florida Slope and in DeSoto Canyon. These shifts in isotopic signatures could be attributed to influx from riverine sources from the Mississippi River. Temporal variations were also correlated to the seasonality of nutrient discharge from the river. Isotopic shifts seemed to… Advisors/Committee Members: Jeffrey P. Chanton (professor co-directing thesis), William M. Landing (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Marine biology; Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mickle, A. (2016). Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico. (Masters Thesis). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2016SP_Mickle_fsu_0071N_13275 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mickle, Alejandra. “Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Florida State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2016SP_Mickle_fsu_0071N_13275 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mickle, Alejandra. “Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mickle A. Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2016SP_Mickle_fsu_0071N_13275 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Mickle A. Trophic Ecology and Bioaccumulation of Mercury in the Three Hagfish (Myxinidae) Species from the Gulf of Mexico. [Masters Thesis]. Florida State University; 2016. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/FSU_2016SP_Mickle_fsu_0071N_13275 ;

Florida State University

7. Kaiser, Kathleen. Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species.

Degree: MS, Biological Science, 2018, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Su_Kaiser_fsu_0071N_14788 ;

► The Florida Gulf of Mexico coast extends over both tropical and subtropical zones resulting in an intermingling of fauna typical to both zones. Cold winter… (more)

▼ The Florida Gulf of Mexico coast extends over both tropical and subtropical zones resulting in an intermingling of fauna typical to both zones. Cold winter water temperatures historically limited the distribution of many tropical species and allowed sub-tropical species to thrive. In the past 60 years, average winter sea surface temperatures have increased 2-3°C in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NOAA OSPS), potentially allowing range expansion of tropical species and local extinction of subtropical species. While poleward range expansion is possible for species along the Atlantic coast, species in the Gulf of Mexico face land barriers that prevent northward movement. Distribution patterns of sponges in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico have changed since previous studies in the 1950’s and 1960’s. A little over half of the common species (56%) are still widespread throughout the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico. Eleven species (44%) previously reported as widespread are either missing entirely or are no longer widespread throughout the region. Two species are newly reported in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (Niphates erecta and Haliclona curacaoensis) and eight other species are more widespread than before. Caribbean species make up most of the common species composition of the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico (de Laubenfels 1953, Little 1963, Storr 1976, current study). Due to the limited latitudinal range of the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico it is necessary to look at a wider scale to determine species’ northern range limits. When compared to the wide-scale Caribbean fauna, it appears that only a handful of Caribbean species occure in the Gulf of Mexico and the North West Atlantic. Of 90 common Caribbean species only 27% (24 species) were found in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico and 38% (34 species) at Gray’s Reef in Georgia U.S.A. while 53% (48 species) were not found in either the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico or Gray’s Reef (Hopkinson et al. 1983, Freeman et al. 2007). While the species composition of Caribbean sponges at Gray’s Reef and in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico is similar, each contain unique species that are not found at the other location. This may be due to a combination of biotic and abiotic factors that differ between the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of Florida, aiding the migration of some sponge species while hindering others. One species commonly found in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico is endemic to the region. Halichondria corrugata Diaz, van Soest & Pomponi, 1993 is the most abundant sponge in shallow seagrass beds and on dockside fouling communities in the Northeastern Gulf of Mexico. The variation in abiotic conditions between these habitats and H. corrugata’s ubiquity make it an interesting system to test what aspects of ecology allow it to be so successful. H. corrugata utilizes different ecological strategies in seagrass and dock habitats. H. corrugata is flexible in its reproductive strategy, utilizes predator avoidance techniques when needed, and seems to be resilient to light variation despite being… Advisors/Committee Members: Janie L. Wulff (professor directing thesis), Don R. Levitan (committee member), Sophie J. McCoy (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; Marine biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaiser, K. (2018). Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species. (Masters Thesis). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Su_Kaiser_fsu_0071N_14788 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaiser, Kathleen. “Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Florida State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Su_Kaiser_fsu_0071N_14788 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaiser, Kathleen. “Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaiser K. Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Su_Kaiser_fsu_0071N_14788 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Kaiser K. Shifting Distributions of Marine Sponges and the Ecology of an Endemic Species. [Masters Thesis]. Florida State University; 2018. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Su_Kaiser_fsu_0071N_14788 ;

University of Melbourne

8. McCallum, Anna W. Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin.

Degree: 2011, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36315

► A challenge for biodiversity conservation on continental margins is the lack of information on species distributions. Australia has an expansive continental margin that is largely… (more)

▼ A challenge for biodiversity conservation on continental margins is the lack of information on species distributions. Australia has an expansive continental margin that is largely unexplored. To protect and manage biodiversity in Australia’s deep marine environments, biological and abiotic surrogates have been used to classify biodiversity. The aim of this thesis is to describe patterns of decapod diversity on an extensive continental margin and investigate the ability of physical and biological surrogates to represent underlying diversity patterns. The description of biological patterns at large spatial scales requires reliable taxonomic identifications, and consequently a substantial part of the thesis is taxonomic in nature. Surveys of Australia’s western continental margin (~100 to 1000 m depths) were undertaken in 2005 and 2007 by CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research in conjunction with museum taxonomists. Species identified from the north-west margin (survey SS05/2007) are reported here and the results of both surveys are summarised. In total, 890 provisional species of decapod crustaceans were discovered during the two surveys, of which 30% are new to science. Many of the species collected and identified (327 or 37%) are known to occur elsewhere, from the tropical Indian Ocean to the West Pacific, and 142 species were recorded in Australia for the first time. A small component of the new fauna discovered during the surveys is described here. These include two new species of the hippolytid shrimp genus Lebbeus and six new species of squat lobster of the family Chirostylidae. Although 45 species of Lebbeus exist worldwide, only one had previously been described from Australia. Squat lobsters including those of the family Chirostylidae are rapidly advancing our understanding of deep-sea environments across broad spatial scales and therefore the taxonomy and distribution of these animals is a research priority. In addition to the six new species described, seven new records of Indo-West Pacific species are reported for Australia. This study increases the number of chirostylid species in Australia from 40 to 53. Keys to Australian species of the genera Gastroptychus, Uroptychodes and Uroptychus are provided. The distributional records of decapods along the margin were used to determine the relative importance of environmental and spatial predictor variables on both species richness (alpha diversity) and species turnover. The best predictors of species turnover were temperature, oxygen and salinity, factors that reflect the oceanographic features that dominate distinct depth bathomes along the slope. On both the shelf and the upper slope, I differentiated an assemblage north of 22°S from another south of 23°S in the vicinity of North-west Cape. This location correlates with changes in oxygen concentration along the margin and marks the head of the Leeuwin Current system. The number…

Subjects/Keywords: marine ecology; taxonomy

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APA (6^th Edition):

McCallum, A. W. (2011). Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36315

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McCallum, Anna W. “Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36315.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McCallum, Anna W. “Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin.” 2011. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McCallum AW. Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36315.

Council of Science Editors:

McCallum AW. Decapod crustacean diversity along Australia's western continental margin. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/36315

Columbia University

9. Kim, Hyewon. Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems.

Degree: 2017, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D800085K

► This thesis addresses time-series analyses of microbial (i.e. marine heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton) and microbially relevant ecosystem variables at two ocean time series stations -… (more)

▼ This thesis addresses time-series analyses of microbial (i.e. marine heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton) and microbially relevant ecosystem variables at two ocean time series stations - Palmer Station in the coastal Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site in the Sargasso Sea. Using a diverse spectrum of statistical analyses and models, the aim of this thesis is to gain the better insight into 1) variability of microbial and ecosystem processes across varying time scales, from seasonal to interdecadal, and 2) how each process is influenced by variability of surrounding local physical forcing factors as well as regional and global-scale climate variability along the study region. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the two study sites as well as a brief history of the ocean time-series programs there. Chapter 2 deals with phytoplankton and nutrient drawdown variability over an interdecadal (1993-2013) period using seasonal time-series variables collected at Palmer Station during full 6-months of Austral growing seasons (October-March). Specifically, the linkage between large-scale climate modes relevant to the WAP area and phytoplankton and nutrient patterns is explored to establish the underlying mechanisms of the observed ecosystem variability, which is ultimately triggered by climate conditions via mediatory physical forcing factors. Chapter 3 addresses a decadal (2002-2014) variability of heterotrophic bacterial variables collected at Palmer Station in Antarctica. This Chapter 3 provides an insight into why bacterial activity was shown to be restricted in this very productive ecosystem from diverse aspects gained using different statistical approaches. Furthermore, the linkage between bacterial properties and surrounding environmental conditions is explored. Finally, Chapter 4 concerns an event-scale phenomenon - the frequency of winter storms - and its impact on bacterial dynamics and ecological processes at the BATS site. Using a previously developed storm tracking algorithm, this study benefits from establishing a mechanistic connection between storm forcing and bacterial processes via storm-induced variability of physical environments - the extent of wind-mixing and entrainment of cold water into the upper mixed-layer. The finding of Chapter 4 is novel in the aspect that prevalent negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) conditions, which lead to frequent arrivals of winter storms over the BATS region, in part, explain a significant decreasing bacterial trend over the past 24-year period. Overall, my thesis, in conjunction with work performed by fellow microbial oceanographers, aims to provide evidence of microbial responses to physical forcings across varying time scales in the strongly coupled climate-biogeochemical systems at two contrasting ocean sites based on a variety of statistical approaches.

Subjects/Keywords: Biogeochemistry; Marine ecology; Ecology; Marine bacteria; Marine phytoplankton

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kim, H. (2017). Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D800085K

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kim, Hyewon. “Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D800085K.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kim, Hyewon. “Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kim H. Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D800085K.

Council of Science Editors:

Kim H. Microbial Interactions in Coupled Climate-Biogeochemical Systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2017. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D800085K

Oregon State University

10. Eerkes-Medrano, Dafne I. The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters.

Degree: PhD, Zoology, 2011, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26610

► The high productivity of Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystems (EBUE), some of the most productive ecosystems in the globe, is attributed to the nutrient rich waters… (more)

▼ The high productivity of Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystems (EBUE), some of the most productive ecosystems in the globe, is attributed to the nutrient rich waters brought up through upwelling. Climate change scenarios for coastal upwelling systems, predict an intensification of coastal upwelling winds. Associated with intensification in upwelling are biogeochemical changes such as ocean hypoxia and ocean acidification. In recent years, the California Current System (CCS) has experienced the occurrence of nearshore hypoxia and the novel rise of anoxia. This has been attributed to changes in the intensity of upwelling wind stress. The effects of some of the more severe hypoxia and anoxia events in the CCS have been mass mortality of fish and benthic invertebrates. However, the impacts on zooplankton in this system are not known. Meroplankton, those organisms which have a planktonic stage for only part of their life cycle, are an important component of zooplankton communities. The larval stage of benthic invertebrates forms an important link between benthic adult communities and planktonic communities. Larvae serve to disperse individuals to new locations and to link populations. They are also food for fish and planktonic invertebrates. This important life stage can spend long periods in the plankton (from days to months) where environmental conditions can affect larval health, subsequent settlement and recruitment success, and juvenile health. This research assesses the role of hypoxia and larval survivorship, and the relationship between individual abundance and community structure of larvae to environmental factors in the field. In laboratory experiments (Chapter 2), a suite of 10 rocky intertidal invertebrate species from four phyla were exposed to low oxygen conditions representative of the nearshore environment of the Oregon coast. Results revealed a wide range in tolerances from species with little tolerance (e.g. the shore crab Hemigrapsus oregonensis) to species with high tolerance (e.g. the California mussel Mytilus californianus). The differential responses across larvae to chronic hypoxia and anoxia potentially could affect their recruitment success and consequently, the structure and species composition of intertidal communities. Field studies (Chapter 3 & 4) explore the relationship between environmental variables and larval abundance and community structure. Chapter 3 focuses on broad taxonomic groups, while Chapter 4 focuses on larval decapods in particular. Fine focus was devoted to decapod larvae, due to laboratory findings of heightened sensitivity to hypoxia of decapod crabs. A finding that is also supported in the literature. The goal of field studies was to identify the environmental parameters that structure meroplankton and larval decapod communities and identify which of these parameters play a significant role in influencing larval abundance. A number of environmental variables contributed to meroplankton assemblage structure and larval decapod assemblage structure. These included… Advisors/Committee Members: Menge, Bruce A. (advisor), Langdon, Chris (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: marine ecology; Marine zooplankton – Oregon – Pacific Coast

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APA (6^th Edition):

Eerkes-Medrano, D. I. (2011). The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26610

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eerkes-Medrano, Dafne I. “The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26610.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eerkes-Medrano, Dafne I. “The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters.” 2011. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Eerkes-Medrano DI. The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26610.

Council of Science Editors:

Eerkes-Medrano DI. The role of oxygen and other environmental variables on survivorship, abundance, and community structure of invertebrate meroplankton of Oregon nearshore coastal waters. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26610

11. Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus, Tamara. Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary.

Degree: 2019, California State University – Sacramento

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/214252

► In the San Francisco Estuary (SFE), abundance of phytoplankton species and nutrient concentrationsand forms vary over short temporal and spatial scales. This makes it difficult… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biotic communities; Marine phytoplankton – Ecology; Marine algae

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APA (6^th Edition):

Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus, T. (2019). Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary. (Thesis). California State University – Sacramento. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/214252

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus, Tamara. “Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary.” 2019. Thesis, California State University – Sacramento. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/214252.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus, Tamara. “Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus T. Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary. [Internet] [Thesis]. California State University – Sacramento; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/214252.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Delascagigas, Ayelet; Downing, Bryan; Johnston, Thomas; Nakastuka, Kyle; Burau, Dylan; O'Donnell, Katy; Gosselink, Sharon; Hansen, Jeffrey; Hansen, Angela; Gelber, Alan; Soto, Jeniffer; Kraus T. Using a novel optical instrument to characterize algal blooms in the San Francisco Estuary. [Thesis]. California State University – Sacramento; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.3/214252

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

12. Iverson, Richard L. A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment.

Degree: PhD, Oceanography, 1971, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28442

► Phytoplankton dynamics in Auke Bay, Alaska, were studied during summer, 1969. Nitrate, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon, phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition and hydrographic and… (more)

▼ Phytoplankton dynamics in Auke Bay, Alaska, were studied during summer, 1969. Nitrate, chlorophyll a, particulate organic carbon, phytoplankton and zooplankton species composition and hydrographic and meteorological data were collected and analyzed. Nitrate input into Auke Bay through freshwater runoff was negligible. A bloom of Thalassiosira aestivalis formed the spring bloom in Auke Bay in 1969. No phytoplankton bloom occurred during a June period when winds were light and variable. Two major blooms of Skeletonema costatum occurred after periods when Auke Bay surface layers were mixed by wind-induced turbulence. The water column became nearly isothermal after periods of high wind mixing although a pronounced density and halal structure persisted, a consequence of input of freshwater to the bay from Auke Creek. Examination of fecal pellets collected from the bay and results of laboratory grazing experiments suggested that Skeletonema costatum was not grazed by zooplankton living in Auke Bay. Nonlinear ordinary differential equations were written to describe phytoplankton and nitrate dynamics in Auke Bay. The phytoplankton dynamics equation included formulations for time-varying insolation and for time-varying wind mixing coefficients. Formulations for effects of nitrate concentration on the photosynthetic assimilation number and for effects of phytoplankton standing crop on the extinction coefficient of light in the water column were included. The nitrate dynamics equation included a formulation for effects of wind-mixing of nitrate-rich water into the euphotic zone from deeper layers of the water column, as well as a formulation for utilization of nitrate in phytoplankton growth. Computer simulation response of the equations reproduced the bloom pattern observed in the field data with some discrepancies caused by assumptions used in model development. The phytoplankton and nitrate model response was strongly coupled to the pattern of the wind-mixing coefficient, as required by the field data. Variations in model parameters had little effect on phase relations between model response and field data but strongly affected model response magnitude. Advisors/Committee Members: Curl, Herbert C. Jr (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iverson, R. L. (1971). A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28442

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iverson, Richard L. “A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment.” 1971. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28442.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iverson, Richard L. “A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment.” 1971. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Iverson RL. A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1971. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28442.

Council of Science Editors:

Iverson RL. A systems approach to pelagic ecosystem dynamics in an estuarine environment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28442

University of Tasmania

13. Fulton, Elizabeth Ann. The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models.

Degree: 2001, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19754/1/whole_FultonElizabethAnn2002_thesis.pdf

► Despite increasing use of ecosystem models, the effects of model structure and formulation detail on the performance of these models is largely unknown. Two biogeochemical… (more)

▼ Despite increasing use of ecosystem models, the effects of model structure and formulation detail on the performance of these models is largely unknown. Two biogeochemical marine ecosystem models were constructed as the foundation of a study considering many aspects of model simplification. The models use a trophic web that is resolved to the level of functional groups (feeding guilds), and includes the main pelagic and benthic guilds from primary producers to high-level predators. Both models are process based, but the Integrated Generic Bay Ecosystem Model (IGBEM) is highly physiologically detailed, while Bay Model 2 (BM2) uses simpler general assimilation equations. Both models compare well with real systems under a wide range of eutrophication and fishing schemes. They also conform to general ecological checkpoints and produce spatial zonation and temporal cycles characteristic of natural systems. The performance of IGBEM is not consistently better than that of BM2, indicating that high levels of physiological detail are not always required when modelling system dynamics. This was reinforced by a section of the study that fitted BM2, IGBEM and an existing ecosystem model (ECOSIM) to Port Phillip Bay. The predictions of all three models lead to the same general conclusions across a range of fishing management strategies and scenarios for environmental change. Models that are less resolved or use simpler formulations have lower computational demands and can be easier to parameterise and interpret. However, simplification may produce models incapable of reproducing important system dynamics. To address these issues simplified versions of BM2 and IGBEM were compared to the full models to consider the effects of trophic complexity, spatial resolution, sampling frequency and the form of the grazing and mortality terms used in the models on the performance of BM2 and IGBEM. It was clear in each case that some degree of simplification is acceptable, but that using models with very little resolution or very simplistic linear grazing and mortality terms is misleading, especially when ecosystem conditions change substantially. The research indicates that for many facets of model structure there is a non-linear (humped) relationship between model detail and performance, and that there are some guiding principles to consider during model development. Developmental recommendations include using a sampling frequency of 2 —4 weeks; including enough spatial resolution to capture the major physical characteristics of the ecosystem being modelled; using quadratic mortality terms to close the top trophic levels explicitly represented in the modelled web; aggregating species to the level of functional groups when constructing the model's trophic web, but if further simplification of the web is necessary then omission of the least important groups is preferable to further aggregation of groups; giving careful consideration to the grazing terms used, as the more complex lolling type responses may be…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fulton, E. A. (2001). The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19754/1/whole_FultonElizabethAnn2002_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fulton, Elizabeth Ann. “The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models.” 2001. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19754/1/whole_FultonElizabethAnn2002_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fulton, Elizabeth Ann. “The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models.” 2001. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Fulton EA. The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2001. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19754/1/whole_FultonElizabethAnn2002_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fulton EA. The effects of model structure and complexity on the behaviour and performance of marine ecosystem models. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2001. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19754/1/whole_FultonElizabethAnn2002_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

14. Gradoville, Mary Rose. Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio.

Degree: PhD, Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2017, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60595

► Marine bacteria play vital roles in every niche of the ocean, from small-scale symbioses to large-scale productivity and the regulation of Earth’s climate. Recent advances… (more)

▼ Marine bacteria play vital roles in every niche of the ocean, from small-scale symbioses to large-scale productivity and the regulation of Earth’s climate. Recent advances in molecular tools now allow us to probe the genetic potential of entire microbial communities. The next step is linking these diverse communities to the critical functions they perform, in order to better understand how microbes regulate biogeochemical processes and predict how these processes may change as humans continue to alter the physical and chemical properties of the oceans. The three main body chapters of this dissertation use genomic tools and biogeochemical rate measurements to examine the ecology and environmental controls of two keystone groups of marine bacteria. Both Chapter II and Chapter III focus on marine diazotrophs, a group that converts dinitrogen gas into bioavailable nitrogen, thus helping to fuel productivity in oligotrophic, surface, open-ocean waters. Chapter II compares diazotrophic diversity and nitrogen fixation rates across three distinct ocean regions. This work indicates that diazotrophs are cosmopolitan in marine waters and that dominant diazotrophic groups have distinct biogeographical patterns, but that nitrogen fixation rates are restricted. Chapter III investigates the diversity and functional potential of microorganisms associated with colonies of the filamentous cyanobacterial diazotroph Trichodesmium. Molecular analyses revealed that the Trichodesmium colonies used in this study were inhabited by diverse assemblages of microorganisms which were distinct from the surrounding bacterioplankton. Furthermore, epibionts included non-Trichodesmium diazotrophs and organisms with the genetic potential to influence colony nutrient acquisition. Chapter IV focuses on a separate group of marine bacterioplankton, Vibrio spp., which have significance for environmental health and marine disease due to the pathogenicity of several species. This chapter tracks the abundance of oyster-pathogenic Vibrio spp. in select Oregon estuaries and a shellfish hatchery. Results indicate that local growth drives elevated abundances of the oyster-pathogen V. coralliilyticus in Netarts Bay, and suggest that this species is particularly resistant to hatchery cleaning procedures. Advisors/Committee Members: White, Angelicque E. (advisor), Crump, Byron C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Nitrogen fixation; Marine bacteria – Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gradoville, M. R. (2017). Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60595

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gradoville, Mary Rose. “Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60595.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gradoville, Mary Rose. “Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gradoville MR. Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60595.

Council of Science Editors:

Gradoville MR. Ecology and Environmental Controls of Two Keystone Groups of Oceanic Microorganisms : Diazotrophs and Pathogenic Vibrio. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60595

Oregon State University

15. Kaltenberg, Amanda May, 1980-. Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales.

Degree: PhD, Oceanography, 2010, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16281

► Small pelagic fish represent a critical trophic link between plankton and large predators in marine upwelling ecosystems such as the California Current System. Populations of… (more)

▼ Small pelagic fish represent a critical trophic link between plankton and large predators in marine upwelling ecosystems such as the California Current System. Populations of these fish are highly variable over time and are characterized by extreme fluctuations in abundance, which have significant ecosystem impacts. The causes driving this instability are not well understood, but several climactic and ecological factors have been hypothesized. This research investigated the linkages between habitat, plankton prey resources, and the abundance and behavior of small pelagic fish at various temporal and spatial scales (i.e., daily, weekly patterns of wind-driven upwelling, and seasonal) to understand how changes in physical and prey habitats influence trophic interactions. This research utilized a combination of stationary and shipboard acoustics, net sampling, and physical oceanography sampling approaches. A comparison of diel schooling behavior and zooplankton availability off Oregon and Monterey Bay, California revealed that changes in fish aggregation behaviors were caused by different timings of zooplankton availability in each region attributable to the extent of zooplankton diel vertical migrations. An analysis of the spatial relationships of acoustic scatterers across ocean fronts caused by wind-driven coastal upwelling indicated that upwelling may lead to a spatial mismatch between small plankton prey and schooling fish that select habitat based on their preference of warmer temperatures. The temporal patterns of zooplankton and pelagic fish abundance near the Columbia River plume were identified, finding that the seasonal appearance of small pelagic fish occurred very abruptly. The timing of fish arrival was poorly correlated with zooplankton abundance but was strongly linked with temperature, salinity, and river flow. Zooplankton abundance was highly variable with very large spikes occurring with the passage of tidally-driven river fronts. This research on the ecological and environmental factors between habitat, plankton, and small pelagic fish has revealed that both the physical habitat and prey fields play an important role in determining these interactions. Variability in the trophic interaction between small pelagic fish and zooplankton over varying scales has important ecosystem consequences, including the potential availability of these prey resources to larger predators, as well as impacts for management. Advisors/Committee Members: Benoit-Bird, Kelly J (advisor), Cowles, Timothy J (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: acoustics; Marine ecology – California Current

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaltenberg, Amanda May, 1. (2010). Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16281

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaltenberg, Amanda May, 1980-. “Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16281.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaltenberg, Amanda May, 1980-. “Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales.” 2010. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaltenberg, Amanda May 1. Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16281.

Council of Science Editors:

Kaltenberg, Amanda May 1. Bio-physical interactions of small pelagic fish schools and zooplankton prey in the California Current System over multiple scales. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16281

Florida State University

16. Gillis, Anthony John. Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping.

Degree: MS, Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, 2018, Florida State University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Sp_Gillis_fsu_0071N_14539 ;

►

Species’ foraging choices influences their somatic growth rates, age at maturity, and time spent in vulnerable early life stages. Thus, differences in population demographics are… (more)

▼

Species’ foraging choices influences their somatic growth rates, age at maturity, and time spent in vulnerable early life stages. Thus, differences in population demographics are often attributed to variability either in diet type, quality or quantity ingested. Knowledge of species diet selection, though currently limited, particularly in marine environments, can enhance our understanding of the roles of species in marine ecosystem and, at a finer scale, elucidate how nutrition and diet influences their growth and productivity. Marine green turtles (Chelonia mydas) are considered to be herbivores, predominantly consuming seagrass and algae. However, recent studies have suggested that they may exhibit omnivory in certain forage areas. Using juvenile green turtles as a case study, I coupled stable isotope analysis with a diet preference index to provide insights into the selection and plasticity of their diet. The study was conducted within two sites (Bonefish Hole and South Bimini) in Bimini, Bahamas in 2016. Habitat surveys were conducted to gather habitat data and determine resource availability. A dichotomy in diet was found between the sites: at Bonefish Hole, turtles exhibited a more generalist omnivorous diet, selecting for sessile filters feeders and green algae, whereas turtles in South Bimini had a more specialist herbivorous diet, primarily consuming seagrasses and selecting for red algae, when available. The foraging dichotomy found in this study by green turtles expands our understanding of the spatial differences in their biology in the Bahamas and provides novel information for turtle foraging in Bimini. Knowledge about differences in intra-specific diet, with a focus on diet selection and potential drivers, can elucidate the factors that influence critical life history traits and ultimately inform species management.

A Thesis submitted to the Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.

Spring Semester 2018.

April 13, 2018.

Bayesian ellipses, carbon, habitat use, MixSIAR, nitrogen, Trophic ecology

Mariana MPB Fuentes, Professor Directing Thesis; Jeff Chanton, Committee Member; Rob Spencer, Committee Member; Jeffrey A. Seminoff, Committee Member.

Advisors/Committee Members: Mariana Fuentes (professor directing thesis), Jeffrey P. Chanton (committee member), Robert G. M. Spencer (committee member), Jeffrey A. Seminoff (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Marine biology; Ecology; Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gillis, A. J. (2018). Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping. (Masters Thesis). Florida State University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Sp_Gillis_fsu_0071N_14539 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gillis, Anthony John. “Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Florida State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Sp_Gillis_fsu_0071N_14539 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gillis, Anthony John. “Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gillis AJ. Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Sp_Gillis_fsu_0071N_14539 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Gillis AJ. Foraging Ecology and Diet Selection of Juvenile Green Turtles (Chelonia mydas) in the Western Bahamas: Insights from Stable Isotope Analysis and Prey Mapping. [Masters Thesis]. Florida State University; 2018. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/fsu/fd/2018_Sp_Gillis_fsu_0071N_14539 ;

Columbia University

17. Dueker, M. Elias. Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols.

Degree: 2012, Columbia University

URL: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8571K3R

► Aerosol production from surface waters results in the transfer of aquatic materials (including nutrients and bacteria) to air. These materials can then be transported by… (more)

▼ Aerosol production from surface waters results in the transfer of aquatic materials (including nutrients and bacteria) to air. These materials can then be transported by onshore winds to land, representing a biogeochemical connection between aquatic and terrestrial systems not normally considered. In urban waterfront environments, this transfer could result in emissions of pathogenic bacteria from contaminated waters. Despite the potential importance of this link, sources, near-shore deposition, identity and viability of microbial aerosols are largely uncharacterized. This dissertation focuses on the environmental and biological mechanisms that define this water-air connection, as a means to build our understanding of the biogeochemical, biogeographical, and public health implications of the transfer of surface water materials to the near-shore environment in both urban and non-urban environments. The effects of tidal height, wind speed and fog on coastal aerosols and microbial content were first quantified on a non-urban coast of Maine, USA. Culture-based, culture-independent, and molecular methods were used to simultaneously sample microbial aerosols while monitoring meteorological parameters. Aerosols at this site displayed clear marine influence and high concentrations of ecologically-relevant nutrients. Coarse aerosol concentrations significantly increased with tidal height, onshore wind speed, and fog presence. Tidal height and fog presence did not significantly influence total microbial aerosol concentrations, but did have a significant effect on culturable microbial aerosol fallout. Molecular analyses of the microbes settling out of near-shore aerosols provided further evidence of local ocean to terrestrial transport of microbes. Aerosol and surface ocean bacterial communities shared species and in general were dominated by organisms previously sampled in marine environments. Fog presence strengthened the microbial connection between water and land through air by increasing microbial aerosol settling rates and enhancing viability of aerosolized marine microbes. Using methods developed for the non-urban site, the role of local environment and winds in mediating water-air connections was further investigated in the urban environment. The local environment, including water surfaces, was an important source of microbial aerosols at urban sites. Large portions of the urban waterfront microbial aerosol communities were aquatic and, at a highly polluted Superfund waterfront, were closely related to bacteria previously described in environments contaminated with hydrocarbons, heavy metals, sewage and other industrial waste. Culturable urban aerosols and surface waters contained bacterial genera known to include human pathogens and asthma agents. High onshore winds strengthened this water-air connection by playing both a transport and production role. The microbial connection between water and air quality outlined by this dissertation highlights the need for information on the mechanisms that deliver surface water…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology; Atmosphere; Microbiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dueker, M. E. (2012). Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols. (Doctoral Dissertation). Columbia University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.7916/D8571K3R

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dueker, M Elias. “Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Columbia University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8571K3R.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dueker, M Elias. “Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dueker ME. Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8571K3R.

Council of Science Editors:

Dueker ME. Connecting Water Quality With Air Quality Through Microbial Aerosols. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Columbia University; 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.7916/D8571K3R

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

18. Miller, John. Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments.

Degree: 2019, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5712

► In 2010 the Deepwater Horizon spill released 4.9 million barrels into the Gulf of Mexico before being contained in September of that year.The native microbial… (more)

▼ In 2010 the Deepwater Horizon spill released 4.9 million barrels into the Gulf of Mexico before being contained in September of that year.The native microbial community degraded petroleum in the water column, and a variety of hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms were present in the deep-sea plume.In the years following the DWH spill (2011-present), there have been 1,917 reported spill or contamination events resulting in more than 2,989,675 barrels of petroleum released into the environment.Traditional methods for cleaning up petroleum spills are expensive in efficient; bioremediation (i.e., biodegradation by microorganisms) of petroleum can be effective while having minimal additional adverse affects on the environmentHowever, environmental variables such as temperature, oxygen concentration, and available nutrients impact the rate and extent of microbial biodegradation of petroleum.This dissertation examines microbial communities in six marine basins around the world with particular attention to the petroleum degrading sub-population to determine the potential for oil biodegradation in each basin.Oil degrading bacteria were ubiquitous in all six marine environments.The Eastern Atlantic receives nutrient enrichment from the Angola-Benguela Front, which is likely to facilitate oil biodegradation in that basin.Microcosm experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of oxygen amendment to communities from hypoxic environments, which one might expect to enhance oil biodegradation.Most of the individual oil hydrocarbons were degraded more efficiently in anoxic microcosms.Anoxic microcosms degraded a larger proportion of the shorter aliphatics (< 22 carbons; including branched aliphatics, e.g., pristane and phytane) than oxic microcosms.Conversely, oxic microcosms more completely degraded most of the longer aliphatics (≥ 22 carbons).Anoxic microcosms were similar to or exceeded oxic microcosms in the degradation of all aromatic hydrocarbons.When the communities are exposed to oxygen, aerobic organisms may grow rapidly on labile carbon and dominate the community, limiting overall oil biodegradation.On the other hand, these effects would be limited under anoxic or hypoxic conditions.These results suggest that deep water communities in the Caspian Sea are adapted for better oil biodegradation under anoxic or hypoxic conditions when compared to oxic conditions.

Subjects/Keywords: petroleum biodegradation marine microbial ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, J. (2019). Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5712

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, John. “Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5712.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, John. “Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller J. Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5712.

Council of Science Editors:

Miller J. Potential for oil hydrocarbon biodegradation by microbial communities in marine environments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2019. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5712

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

19. Chen, Mianrun. The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web.

Degree: 2012, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7520 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1176680 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7520/1/th_redirect.html

► This dissertation addresses the role of mesozooplankton feeding in influencing the trophic interactions in marine planktonic food web. Several related hypotheses were tested in the… (more)

▼ This dissertation addresses the role of mesozooplankton feeding in influencing the trophic interactions in marine planktonic food web. Several related hypotheses were tested in the framework of five individual chapters. Research started with two field investigations studying the response of mesozooplankton biomass and composition to estuarine nutrient loading in Hong Kong coastal waters and the spatial and temporal grazing importance in northern South China Sea (SCS). Trophic cascades induced by mesozooplankton resulted from the release of microzooplankton grazing was demonstrated in laboratory feeding experiments involving simplified triangle food chains and the strengths of trophic cascades were examined for a range of prey concentrations and compared for different predator species with different feeding characteristics. Finally, I went back to field works to test the hypothesis that mesozooplankton carnivory causes a decrease of clearance rate on phytoplankton community. To address this hypothesis, feeding experiments were conducted at two contrasting sites of Hong Kong coastal waters over a two year period to measure mesozooplankton clearance rate and the identity of mesozooplankton grazers in feeding experiments was determined to estimate a net carnivory degree of each assemblage. Field investigation in Hong Kong water indicated that mesozooplankton biomass in the estuarine eutrophic station was not elevated by estuarine nutrient loading compared to the coastal mesotrophic station. Instead, estuarine eutrophic conditions significantly modified the composition of mesozooplankton by increasing the proportion of omnivorous copepods in community and by decreasing some particular groups that are primarily herbivorous such as marine cladocerans, bivalve larvae and gastropod larvae. Field investigation carried out in northern SCS indicated that mesozooplankton in shelf water generally have higher biomass and grazing impacts on phytoplankton than in oceanic water because mesozooplankton in shelf water were more herbivorous. On the other hand, oceanic water was dominated by small-sized phytoplankton that were grazed less efficiently by mesozooplankton. Results from laboratory feeding experiments indicated that because of ambush feeding behavior, the calanoid copepod species Acartia erythraea can induce trophic cascades on marine diatoms and nanoflagellates through predation of heterotrophic dinoflagellates and ciliates, respectively. The magnitude of these trophic cascades was mediated by prey concentrations, but it was primarily determined by the intensity of the predation of top predator on the intermediate trophic levels. The occurrence and magnitudes of trophic cascades were significantly different among three different filtering feeders (two copepod species Parvocalanus crassirostris and Temora turbinata and one cladocean species Penilia avirostris). P. crassirostris significantly preferred ciliates to algae due to size-selectivity and it induced the highest trophic cascading effect among the three species. As a…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine zooplankton – Ecology ; Food chains (Ecology)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, M. (2012). The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7520 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1176680 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7520/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Mianrun. “The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web.” 2012. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7520 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1176680 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7520/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Mianrun. “The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen M. The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7520 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1176680 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7520/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chen M. The ecological significance of mesozooplankton feeding in marine planktonic food web. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2012. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-7520 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1176680 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-7520/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

20. Truter, Hannah Jessie. Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa.

Degree: 2019, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43812

► Implementation of an ecosystem-based management approach for marine systems requires a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical marine environment and the cumulative human impacts at different… (more)

▼ Implementation of an ecosystem-based management approach for marine systems requires a comprehensive understanding of the biophysical marine environment and the cumulative human impacts at different spatio-temporal scales. In Algoa Bay, South Africa, this study describes the epibenthic communities occurring in unconsolidated marine habitats. It further investigates the potential abiotic factors that influence their distribution and abundance, compares epibenthic communities with existing habitat information and evaluates the protection status of the marine environment in the Bay. Seabed imagery, covering a total area of 171.4m², and sediment samples were collected from 13 stations from which 106 epibenthic species were identified. Multivariate analyses revealed two statistically distinct communities that did not align with the Algoa Bay benthic habitat types defined in the current National Biodiversity Assessment (NBA, 2012). Further assessment indicated that community differences were driven by the presence of rock substrate. A range of abiotic factors were tested against the epibenthic communities to explore patterns and identify potential drivers. The combination of abiotic factors depth, mean grain size, mean bottom temperature and mean bottom current explained 55% fitted variation in epibenthic data. The degree of long-term variability in several of these parameters were likewise identified as explanatory variables, including bottom temperature, current speed and dissolved oxygen. The link between abiotic factors and the epibenthic communities observed indicate that these variables can act as surrogates for habitat mapping in the future. The existing and proposed Marine Protected Area (MPA) in conjunction with the NBA 2012 habitat types does well in protecting the majority of habitats in the Bay, however there remain habitats that lack protection. Utilising the benthic communities and potential drivers identified in this study, the proposed MPA boundary delineations should be somewhat altered to include missing habitat types.

Subjects/Keywords: Aquatic ecology; Marine sciences; Conservation biology; Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Truter, H. J. (2019). Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa. (Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43812

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Truter, Hannah Jessie. “Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa.” 2019. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43812.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Truter, Hannah Jessie. “Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Truter HJ. Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43812.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Truter HJ. Epibenthic biodiversity, habitat characterisation and anthropogenic pressure mapping of unconsolidated sediment habitats in Algoa Bay, South Africa. [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/43812

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

21. Calvert, Jay. Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat.

Degree: PhD, 2018, Ulster University

URL: https://ulster.pure.elsevier.com/en/studentTheses/2c42b751-0874-470a-b0d9-8d9fae29ba2d ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.793638

► Global human populations rely on the oceans as a source of food and other resources. In order to maintain this resource, information about seabed habitat… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Marine Ecology; Habitat Mapping; Community Ecology; Detectability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Calvert, J. (2018). Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ulster University. Retrieved from https://ulster.pure.elsevier.com/en/studentTheses/2c42b751-0874-470a-b0d9-8d9fae29ba2d ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.793638

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Calvert, Jay. “Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Ulster University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://ulster.pure.elsevier.com/en/studentTheses/2c42b751-0874-470a-b0d9-8d9fae29ba2d ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.793638.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Calvert, Jay. “Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Calvert J. Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Ulster University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://ulster.pure.elsevier.com/en/studentTheses/2c42b751-0874-470a-b0d9-8d9fae29ba2d ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.793638.

Council of Science Editors:

Calvert J. Spatio-temporal dynamics of temperate marine systems : species, communities and habitat. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ulster University; 2018. Available from: https://ulster.pure.elsevier.com/en/studentTheses/2c42b751-0874-470a-b0d9-8d9fae29ba2d ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.793638

University of New South Wales

22. Griffin, Kingsley. Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems.

Degree: Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2018, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/64872 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:62831/SOURCE02?view=true

► Recent technological developments have increased our ability to collect observations inmarine ecosystems. With these developments comes the potential to more accuratelydiscern spatial and temporal patterns… (more)

▼ Recent technological developments have increased our ability to collect observations inmarine ecosystems. With these developments comes the potential to more accuratelydiscern spatial and temporal patterns and ultimately, to better-understand theeffect of compounding anthropogenic stressors. In this thesis, I apply seascapescaledata collection and analytical approaches to untangle relationships betweenenvironmental and human-mediated drivers in a range of marine habitats. I beginby evaluating a semi-automated survey approach against simulated diver transects,establishing that up-scaling observations on temperate reefs is likely to give morereliable estimates than traditional surveys. I demonstrate that fine-scale spatialmodelling of temperate reef algae is easily implemented with relatively small data sets,and provides insight into relationships acting at both large (kms) and small (10’s of m)scales. To demonstrate the relevance to coastal management, I explore relationshipsbetween key algal habitats on temperate reefs and human recreational use, usinga multi-species distribution model. Relationships between habitat-forming algae,and recreation activities (fishing, boat anchoring, visitation) explained ~49% of thevariation explained by the model, and 3 of 5 algal groups (turfs, encrusting, kelp, othercanopy, and understorey) were associated with at least one human activity. Applyingsimilar techniques, I then investigate the influence of boat moorings on a seagrassmeadow dominated by a threatened, slow-growing species. Secondary effects - shadingand edge-attrition - were cumulative drivers of abundance, though two colonisingseagrasses were less-affected. The seascape approach allowed for the simulation ofmanagement intervention (installing non-contact mooring designs) posited to reducedisturbance. Finally, by applying seascape techniques to the disturbance caused byboat moorings in sediment systems, I could identify relationships between bacterialdiversity and physical disturbance (acting at a scale of metres), fine sediments(influenced by disturbance), and depth. The influence of moorings was cumulative,with a negative relationship to OTU richness when moorings were densely arranged.Such fine-scale sampling of microbial communities revealed their potential to responddramatically to small changes in environmental conditions. My research demonstratesthe promise of technological and analytical developments, and encourages the uptakeof seascape ecology. Advisors/Committee Members: Johnston, Emma, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Clark, Graeme, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Seascape ecology; Marine ecology; Spatial analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Griffin, K. (2018). Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/64872 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:62831/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Griffin, Kingsley. “Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/64872 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:62831/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Griffin, Kingsley. “Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Griffin K. Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/64872 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:62831/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Griffin K. Using seascape ecology to explore human impacts in marine ecosystems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2018. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/64872 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:62831/SOURCE02?view=true

University of Aberdeen

23. Lawrence, Joshua M. Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea.

Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Aberdeen

URL: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12153020940005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794107

► Knowledge of where animals are and why they are there is central to our understanding of their ecology and is essential for the successful management… (more)

▼ Knowledge of where animals are and why they are there is central to our understanding of their ecology and is essential for the successful management of vulnerable species. Harbour porpoises, the most abundant cetacean in European waters, are protected under EU law due to their vulnerability to a range of anthropogenic treats. Significant effort has been put into describing and understanding their distribution, but very little of this effort has included fine resolution, simultaneously collected data on the distribution of their prey species, potentially limiting the biological relevance of the conclusions drawn. The aim of this thesis was, therefore, to use the simultaneous sampling of the distributions of porpoises and species at lower trophic levels to be able to better understand and explain the observed predator distributions. Methods were developed for the concurrent collection of passive acoustic data, detecting harbour porpoise echolocation clicks, and active acoustic data, for the detection and quantification of clupeid fish and macrozooplankton. Implementing these methods during three annual surveys in the Clyde Sea, off Scotland's west coast, provided data on the distribution of these species, which could be used to investigate the spatial relationships between their distributions. The distribution of porpoises was found to be significantly related to that of their clupeid fish prey, with a higher detection rate expected in areas with higher fish density, along with geographic and hydrodynamic variables. The distribution of clupeid fish was in turn related to the distribution of macrozooplankton, with more fish found in areas with higher zooplankton densities, as well as a range of environmental variables. The scale at which these relationships were found to be strongest differed between species pairs, with the link between porpoises and fish being stronger at longer distances than that between fish and zooplankton, most likely due to the relative motilities, sensory capabilities, and behaviours of the species involved. The current state of the study system, which has been subject to heavy anthropogenic exploitation, was also described, presenting biomass and abundance estimates for the main species across three trophic levels. A notable shift in the dominant forage fish species from herring to sprat was observed, by comparison with similar active acoustic surveys in the late 1980s. The value of concurrent sampling of predators and prey was demonstrated, and the work present here has added to our understanding of the drivers of the distributions of a cetacean top predator and the forage fish assemblage in an impacted marine ecosystem.

Subjects/Keywords: 570; Cetacea; Marine mammals; Marine ecology; Marine biology; Sound

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lawrence, J. M. (2019). Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12153020940005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794107

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lawrence, Joshua M. “Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Aberdeen. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12153020940005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794107.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lawrence, Joshua M. “Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lawrence JM. Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12153020940005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794107.

Council of Science Editors:

Lawrence JM. Multitrophic investigations of the pelagic marine ecosystem of the Clyde Sea. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2019. Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12153020940005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794107

Florida Atlantic University

24. Kellogg, Christopher M. Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover.

Degree: MS, 2011, Florida Atlantic University

URL: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171400

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Summary: Trade-offs in traits conferring success in permanent and ephemeral habitats are often at odds with few species being able to persist in both types… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Wetland ecology; Habitat selection; Marine ecosystem management; Predatory marine animals – Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kellogg, C. M. (2011). Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover. (Masters Thesis). Florida Atlantic University. Retrieved from http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171400

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kellogg, Christopher M. “Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171400.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kellogg, Christopher M. “Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover.” 2011. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kellogg CM. Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171400.

Council of Science Editors:

Kellogg CM. Consumptive effects of predatory fish reduce wetland crayfish (Procambarus spp.) recruitment and drive species turnover. [Masters Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2011. Available from: http://purl.flvc.org/FAU/3171400

University of Washington

25. Heery, Eliza C. Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Washington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40496

► Urbanization is a major process altering nearshore habitats in many parts of the world. One important aspect of urbanization in marine settings is the proliferation… (more)

▼ Urbanization is a major process altering nearshore habitats in many parts of the world. One important aspect of urbanization in marine settings is the proliferation of artificial structures, such as seawalls, breakwaters, and jetties. Urban artificial structures can fundamentally shift marine communities and alter ecological processes at multiple spatial scales. Though they are common in both intertidal and subtidal habitats, their effect on subtidal ecosystems is particularly understudied. I examined the communities that form in association with subtidal artificial structures and their effects on surrounding sedimentary habitats in an urbanized estuary. In the first chapter, I evaluated detrital influx from artificial structures to surrounding sediments. Photoquadrat and sediment surveys indicated that red macroalgae and epilithic invertebrates were the major producers of detrital material on artificial structures in the Seattle area and that detritus from artificial structures was moving into adjacent sediments. Through a series of experiments, I then assessed the potential effects of these detrital inputs on macrofaunal assemblages. Sediments receiving one-time additions of red macroalgae and shell material were relatively resilient to detrital influx and exhibited little to no change in macrofaunal composition. However, rapid reductions in sediment chlorophyll and phaeopigment following detrital additions suggested that delivery of red macroalgae into sediments surrounding artificial structures may be frequent. In a follow up experiment, sediments were enriched with red macroalgae on a weekly basis to reflect more frequent delivery rates. Though I hypothesized that red macroalgae would serve as a subsidy for macrofaunal assemblages, I observed no positive opportunistic responses among macrofauna to weekly additions. Rather, frequent inputs of red macroalgal detritus led to decreases in abundance for the majority of macrofaunal taxa. Red macroalgae may therefore have negative impacts on macrofaunal assemblages, though this effect is likely minor compared with hydrodynamic alterations and other changes to sedimentary habitats that are associated with artificial structures. In the second chapter, I examined urban-related spatial distribution patterns and habitat-use the giant Pacific octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini). Urbanization is known to facilitate certain terrestrial mesopredators and I sought to evaluate whether similar patterns relative to urbanization were evident for this marine mesopredator. Modeling of citizen-contributed octopus presence/absence data suggested that urbanization impacts differed with depth. Octopus occurrence probability was positively correlated with urbanization intensity in deeper habitats only (> 24 m). In shallower environments (< 18 m), occurrence probability was higher in rural areas than in urban areas. In separate field surveys, I found that octopus diets were unrelated to urbanization, and that octopus abundance was positively correlated with the number of artificial structures… Advisors/Committee Members: Sebens, Kenneth P (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: marine ecology; modelling; urban ecology; urbanization; Ecology; Biology; Environmental science; Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Heery, E. C. (2017). Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Washington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40496

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Heery, Eliza C. “Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Washington. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40496.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Heery, Eliza C. “Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Heery EC. Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Washington; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40496.

Council of Science Editors:

Heery EC. Benthic subtidal assemblages and ecological processes in urbanized seascapes of Puget Sound, Washington, USA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Washington; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1773/40496

Oregon State University

26. Vinueza, Luis R. The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.

Degree: PhD, Zoology, 2009, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13123

► Ecosystems are facing increasing threats from human related activities, such as overfishing, pollution, habitat destruction, species invasions, and diseases, among others. While oceanic islands provide… (more)

▼ Ecosystems are facing increasing threats from human related activities, such as overfishing, pollution, habitat destruction, species invasions, and diseases, among others. While oceanic islands provide natural laboratories to understand ecological and evolutionary process, they are also particularly vulnerable to these impacts, given their usual isolation from the mainland and the typically high endemism of their flora and fauna. However, we still lack a general understanding of how marine systems in the Galapagos Islands will be affected by multiple human impacts, more severe environmental perturbations and warmer oceans. Rocky shores have been a prime example for the advancement of ecological theories and for the creation of important concepts to support management decisions and conservation actions, such as the predation hypothesis, the keystone species concept and the development of environmental stress models. However, the majority of this knowledge comes from studies conducted at higher latitudes. While most attention in the tropics has been focused on coral reefs and mangroves, other habitats such as rocky shores have remained largely unexplored. The upwelling ecosystems of the Galapagos Archipelago constitute an ideal model where likely consequences of interactions between global climate change and human impacts (e.g. exploitation) can be studied. In particular, variation in ocean upwelling and downwelling conditions (Palacios 2004) associated with seasonal and interannual variability and large scale oceanic-atmospheric perturbations such as ENSO cycles with its warm El Niño (~cessation of upwelling conditions) and cold La Niña (~abnormal upwelling) phase (Chavez et al. 1999). Thus, the Galapagos situation offers a scenario whereby I can assess the interaction among nutrient supply, herbivory and abiotic fluctuations. I used this dynamic system to evaluate the influence of bottom up and top down effects on rocky shore communities. In Chapter 2 I evaluated the role of consumers at different levels of productivity. I manipulated four levels of herbivory, from no macro-herbivores to all herbivores present, combinations of all together, mostly fish, crabs, crabs and including marine iguanas, crabs, sea turtles and fish. I demonstrated that at sites of low productivity herbivores had consistent effects on community structure by reducing the abundance of erect macroalgae which decreased macroalgal and sessile invertebrate's species richness, diversity and evenness. In areas of mid and high productivity the role of consumers was affected by seasonal effects and by warm and cold phases of El Niño Southern Oscillation. In Chapter 3 I evaluated the interactive effect of consumers on species richness, diversity and evenness of primary producers and discussed the results in the context of prevailing top down views on the regulation of marine tropical communities. I further discuss the importance to manage both top down and bottom up factors to maintain ecosystem structure and function at tropical locations. In… Advisors/Committee Members: Menge Bruce (advisor), Borer Elizabeth, Sally Hacker (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: marine iguanas; Coastal ecology – Galapagos Islands

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vinueza, L. R. (2009). The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13123

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vinueza, Luis R. “The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13123.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vinueza, Luis R. “The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador.” 2009. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vinueza LR. The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13123.

Council of Science Editors:

Vinueza LR. The role of herbivores and productivity on community structure of rocky shores of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13123

University of Auckland

27. Wellenreuther, Maren. Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae).

Degree: 2007, University of Auckland

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2292/407

► Theoretical research has demonstrated that ecological interactions in sympatry or parapatry can generate disruptive selection that in concert with assortative mating can lead to speciation.… (more)

▼ Theoretical research has demonstrated that ecological interactions in sympatry or parapatry can generate disruptive selection that in concert with assortative mating can lead to speciation. However, empirical examples are few and restricted to terrestrial and lacustrine systems. New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae) are an ideal model system to study speciation in the sea, as they conform to the criteria of an adaptive radiation, being philopatric, speciose and abundant, and having largely sympatric distributions. This thesis investigates two key aspects of the New Zealand triplefin radiation: 1) which ecological traits are under selection?; and 2) which traits are potentially available for the development of assortative mating? Habitat use was identified as a possible key trait for selection and investigated in detail in this thesis. Habitat use of the majority of New Zealand triplefin species was censused quantitatively throughout most of their latitudinal range and analysed using novel statistical methods. Analyses showed that habitat use was highly divergent between species and thus diversification in habitat may have been a major component in the evolution of this clade. The phylogenetic analysis of habitat characters confirmed that there has been rapid evolution in habitat use among species. Habitat selection at settlement was highly species-specific, indicating that interspecific differences in adult habitat use may be the outcome of active habitat choice established at settlement. These species-specific habitat associations showed no evidence for geographic variation in habitat use. Laboratory trials and field observations of the sister-species pair Ruanoho decemdigitatus and R. whero showed that competition was linked with body size, with R. decemdigitatus being the larger and consequently dominant species. The second part of this thesis investigated which traits may have contributed to prezygotic isolation, and thus to assortative mating. Little evidence was found for divergence in breeding season or male colour patterns. However, divergence in habitat affected breeding habitat choice, as triplefins court and mate in the same territory as that occupied year round. This suggests that assortative mating in New Zealand triplefin species could be the by-product of adaptation to habitat resources. Body size affected mate choice and time at first maturity in the Ruanoho sister-species pair, suggesting that size is important in the maintenance of reproductive isolation in these species. Differences in body size may have also lead to assortative mating in other New Zealand triplefin sister-species pairs, as all sister-species pairs differ in maximum body size. The findings of this thesis invoke a strong role for ecologically-based selection in speciation, and support the hypothesis that adaptation to habitat has been a major factor in speciation in this system. Advisors/Committee Members: Kendall Clements, Paul Barrett.

Subjects/Keywords: Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology::Terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecology::Marine ecology; Research Subject Categories::NATURAL SCIENCES::Biology::Terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecology::Marine ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wellenreuther, M. (2007). Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Auckland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2292/407

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wellenreuther, Maren. “Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae).” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Auckland. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/407.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wellenreuther, Maren. “Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae).” 2007. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wellenreuther M. Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Auckland; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2292/407.

Council of Science Editors:

Wellenreuther M. Ecological factors associated with speciation in New Zealand triplefin fishes (Family Tripterygiidae). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Auckland; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2292/407

Oregon State University

28. Coughenower, D. Douglas. Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage.

Degree: MS, Oceanography, 1972, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28950

► Observations were made of salinity, temperature, nitrate + nitrite, phosphate, silicate, total available nitrogen, and chlorophyll a in nine areas of the Alaskan Inside Passage… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Marine ecology – Alaska

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Coughenower, D. D. (1972). Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28950

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Coughenower, D Douglas. “Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage.” 1972. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28950.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Coughenower, D Douglas. “Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage.” 1972. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Coughenower DD. Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1972. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28950.

Council of Science Editors:

Coughenower DD. Early spring nutrient conditions of southeastern Alaska's Inside Passage. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1972. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/28950

University of Tasmania

29. Guiler, E. R.(Eric Rowland),1922-. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.

Degree: 1953, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19537/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954Vol2_thesis.pdf

Subjects/Keywords: Marine animals; Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guiler, E. R. (. R. (1953). The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19537/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954Vol2_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guiler, E R (Eric Rowland),1922-. “The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.” 1953. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19537/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954Vol2_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guiler, E R (Eric Rowland),1922-. “The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.” 1953. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Guiler ER(R. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 1953. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19537/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954Vol2_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Guiler ER(R. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 1953. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19537/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954Vol2_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tasmania

30. Guiler, E. R.(Eric Rowland),1922-. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.

Degree: 1953, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19982/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954_thesis.pdf

► This thesis represents the results of five years' work on various aspects of the intertidal ecology of Tasmania. Most of the study of the features… (more)

▼ This thesis represents the results of five years' work on various aspects of the intertidal ecology of Tasmania. Most of the study of the features of our intertidal region has been carried out in South Tasmania but visits have been made to the East, West and North Coasts of the island. The study is not yet complete as a work of this nature will take many years. It is considered, however, that the present stage of the investigation as presented in this thesis, is sufficgntay advanced to make it worth recording. For convenience in presentation, the thesis has been divided into a series of parts which are all inter-related. There is a certain inevitable overlap of the material contained in the various parts but the discussions at the end of the parts is brief to avoid repetition in Parts 11, 12 and 15. The major ecological problem in Tasmania is taxonomic. This is not discussed in the text but a few words here may suffice to illustrate the difficulties. There are only three check lists of invertebrate animals available to workers in Tasannia. One of these deals with the Molluscs (MEW, 1921 aid 1923) and the other two have been prepared as supplements to this investigation. The two groups listed are the Porifera and the Crustacea, and it has been found necessary to revise a list of the algae. Besides the lack of complete lists, much of the fauna has never been described and until such time as experts have worked on the various groups, it is impossible to proceed to community aid population studies. For this reason the work has been largely confined to the major features of various ecological habitats rather than to detailed population stulles. Some of this 'work has been published and other parts are in press. The publishod material has appeared in Papers of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 1949, 1950 and 1951. Certain other features have been mentioned in lectures delivered before the Royal Society of Tasmania (5th July, 1949), the Tasmanian Field Naturalists Club (15th March, 1951) and the Australian and New Zealand Association for the Advancement of Science (25th May, 1951). Throughout the thesis certain words such as association and allied terms have been avoided because it is not possible to decide the biotic relationships within a given group of animal species. The term dominant is used to refer to the Epecies which gives a characteristic appearance to the shore. The authors of species are only shown once or twice throughout the thesis.

Subjects/Keywords: Marine animals; Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Guiler, E. R. (. R. (1953). The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19982/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Guiler, E R (Eric Rowland),1922-. “The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.” 1953. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19982/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Guiler, E R (Eric Rowland),1922-. “The intertidal ecology of Tasmania.” 1953. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Guiler ER(R. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 1953. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19982/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Guiler ER(R. The intertidal ecology of Tasmania. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 1953. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/19982/1/whole_GuilerEricRowland1954_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations