subject:(laminitis)

Oregon State University

1. Pierson, Miranda L. The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows.

Degree: MS, Animal Science, 2007, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4593

► Two experiments were conducted looking at both acute and sub-acute laminitis. An acute nutritional induction model was used to examine whether blood profiles and gene… (more)

▼ Two experiments were conducted looking at both acute and sub-acute laminitis. An acute nutritional induction model was used to examine whether blood profiles and gene expression are similar to other studies conducted using an endotoxin induction model. Twelve sheep were randomly assigned to three treatment groups which were control, 4-hour slaughter (4HS) and 48-hour slaughter (48HS). Lactic acid (LA) was infused into the rumen of sheep in 4HS and 48HS and sterile saline solution was infused into the rumen of control sheep using an esophageal tube. 4HS and 48HS were slaughtered 4 and 48 hours after infusion, respectively. Control was slaughtered 48 hours after infusion. Tissue samples were taken and analyzed for cyclooxygenase- 2 (COX-2), Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 (MIP-1) and Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP) -2, -9 and -14 gene expression with RT-PCR. CBC differentials were performed on blood samples to obtain white blood cell (WBC) counts. WBC counts in 4HS and 4HS increased 67% and 99%, respectively, from control groups by 4 hours after induction and returned to pretrial levels by slaughter. Lymphocytes in 4HS and 48HS were reduced by 44% and 39%, respectively, compared to control and remained low for the remainder of the trial. Neutrophils increased in 4HS and 48HS by 151% and 121%, respectively, compared to control and remained elevated for the remainder of the trial. PCR analysis did not yield differential mRNA expression, but trends were observed. MMP-9 expression increased 5-fold by 48 hours. MMP-2 mRNA expression decreased by 50% at 4 hours and returned to pretrial levels by 48 hours. MMP-14 mRNA expression decreased 4 hours after LA infusion and increased 4.5-fold by 48 hours. MIP-1α expression increased 2-fold by 48 hours. COX-2 expression decreased at 4 hours and returned to pretrial levels by 48 hours. Larger sample size is needed for more definitive results. A second experiment was conducted to examine a new induction model of laminitis that focuses on slow induction of laminitis and to test the effects of quercetin, naringin, and white willow bark as a feed additive on nutritionally challenged dairy cows. Eighteen multiparous lactating dairy cows were blocked by days in milk and randomly assigned to three treatment groups which were control, a group that received a high energy ration (HE) and a group that received a high energy ration and an experimental feed additive consisting of quercetin, naringin and white willow bark (HEQ). Cows remained on the diets for 70 days, after which white line measurements and hoof evaluations were taken from each cow and repeated 70 days after the conclusion of the trial. Milk yield, daily feed intake, locomotion scores, rumen pH and milk composition were recorded throughout the trial to measure cow productivity. HE developed pronounced white line separation whereas HEQ did not differ from control. Cow productivity was not negatively impacted by the feed additive and cows had a tendency to eat more with the feed additive. The… Advisors/Committee Members: Forsberg, Neil E. (advisor), Gamroth, Mike (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: laminitis; Laminitis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pierson, M. L. (2007). The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4593

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pierson, Miranda L. “The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4593.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pierson, Miranda L. “The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows.” 2007. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pierson ML. The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4593.

Council of Science Editors:

Pierson ML. The use of natural plant extracts as a feed additive to prevent laminitis in lactating dairy cows. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4593

University of Helsinki

2. Horn, Isabella. Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses.

Degree: Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine; Helsingin yliopisto, Eläinlääketieteellinen tiedekunta, Kliinisen hevos- ja pieneläinlääketieteen laitos; Helsingfors universitet, Veterinärmedicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk häst- och smådjursmedicin, 2009, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14242

► Laminitis is a common painful condition in horses that often has a poor outcome. The aetiology of laminitis has been widely studied, but still not… (more)

▼ Laminitis is a common painful condition in horses that often has a poor outcome. The aetiology of laminitis has been widely studied, but still not completely understood. There is some evidence that pasture associated laminitis is one of the most common forms of laminitis , and this is most likely associated with underlying endocrine dysfunction i.e. insulin resistance. However, what the prevalence of insulin resistance in horses presented with laminitis is, that is currently unknown and it has not been studied previously. Endocrinopathic laminitis is a term including laminitis developing subsequently to Equine Cushing's Disease, equine metabolic syndrome and iatrogenic corticosteroid-induced laminitis. The term equine metabolic syndrome includes a history of laminitis, insulin resistance and a characteristic phenotype of a cresty neck, bulging supraorbital fat and increased fat deposits. Horses suffering from laminitis and insulin resistance seem to have a slow recovery process, but recovery is more likely if insulin sensitivity is improved. Increased exercise, maintaining optimal body condition, avoidance of high-glycaemic meals and molasses should be incorporated in the treatment of laminitis. Horses with insulin resistance have a higher risk of developing laminitis and to find and treat horses with insulin resistance would be a means of preventing laminitis. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of insulin resistance in laminitic horses and ponies in Helsinki University Equine Clinic between April 2007 and October 2008. Associations between endocrinopathic laminitis and sex, age, body condition score, breed, season, Obel grade, the presence of laminitic rings, cresty neck, and bulging supraorbital fat were studied in 50 horses. The associations of the same variables with insulin resistance were similarly studied in the 37 laminitic horses. The hypothesis was that a high degree of laminitic horses would be insulin resistant and that age, body condition score, breed, season, Obel grade, the presence of laminitic rings, cresty neck, and bulging supraorbital fat would be associated with endocrinopathic laminitis. The body condition of the horses was scored using the 0-5 graded Carroll & Huntington body condition scoring. Insulin resistance was defined as a basal insulin level of over 30 µIU/ml. The prevalence of insulin resistance in these 37 laminitic horses/ponies was 84% (95% CI 69-92%). Bulging supraorbital fat, laminitic rings and severe lameness was significantly correlated with endocrinopathic laminitis. The mean age of horses with endocrinopathic laminitis was significantly higher than the mean age of horses without endocrinopathic laminitis. Laminitic rings were statistically more frequent in horses with insulin resistance and laminitis than horses with laminitis and normal insulin level. The result implies that a high proportion of the horses admitted to the clinic because of laminitis also have insulin resistance. The study results justifies including the presence of laminitic rings…

Subjects/Keywords: Insulin resistance; laminitis; endocrinopathic laminitis; Sisätautioppi; Internmedicin; Internal Medicine; Insulin resistance; laminitis; endocrinopathic laminitis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Horn, I. (2009). Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14242

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Horn, Isabella. “Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses.” 2009. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14242.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Horn, Isabella. “Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses.” 2009. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Horn I. Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14242.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Horn I. Insulin resistance and laminitis in horses. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14242

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Connecticut

3. Morris, Amanda. The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses.

Degree: MS, Animal Science, 2015, University of Connecticut

URL: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/748

► Fourteen mixed breed mares and geldings ranging in age from 4 to 20 years were selected to participate in this study to determine the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: equine; laminitis; hoof

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morris, A. (2015). The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses. (Masters Thesis). University of Connecticut. Retrieved from https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/748

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morris, Amanda. “The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Connecticut. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/748.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morris, Amanda. “The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Morris A. The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/748.

Council of Science Editors:

Morris A. The Effects of Three Shoeing Methods on Hoof Growth and Health in Horses. [Masters Thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2015. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/748

University of Edinburgh

4. Viñuela-Fernández, Ignacio. Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel.

Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8728

► Chronic neuropathic pain, resulting from dysfunction of the nervous system, is a clinical concern in both humans and animal patients. Neuropathic pain is characterised by… (more)

▼ Chronic neuropathic pain, resulting from dysfunction of the nervous system, is a clinical concern in both humans and animal patients. Neuropathic pain is characterised by spontaneous pain, hypersensitivity, manifested as hyperalgesia and allodynia, and refractoriness to conventional analgesics such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, thus representing an unmet therapeutic need. Equine laminitis is a disease that involves the disruption of the dermoepidermal junction within the hoof, leading to severe pain and lameness, with poor responsiveness to anti-inflammatory therapy. We developed a Quantitative Sensory Testing method, using a novel hydraulically-powered feedbackcontrolled hoof tester, in order to provide an objective tool for the assessment of mechanical hyperalgesia in laminitic horses. Hoof Compression Thresholds of laminitic horses were significantly lower than those of normal horses and variance component analysis of the data confirmed the reliability of the method. In order to investigate mechanisms underlying laminitis pain, we performed histological studies of peripheral nerves innervating the hoof. Electron micrographic analysis of the digital nerve of laminitic horses revealed a significant reduction in the number of unmyelinated and myelinated fibres together with abnormal morphology. Additionally, cell bodies of sensory neurons innervating the hoof in cervical C8 dorsal root ganglia showed an upregulated expression of the nerve injury marker activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and the TRPM8 channel; each of which has been associated with laboratory models of neuropathic pain. Previous work has shown that, in a rodent model of neuropathic pain, the TRPM8 channel is upregulated in sensory neurons and its activation by cool temperature, menthol or icilin leads to reversal of the hypersensitive pain state. Further investigation of TRPM8-channel mediated analgesia was aimed at uncovering the molecular mechanisms involved in the activation of this system in sensitised states. It was hypothesised that serotonin, released following inflammation and nerve damage, can enhance TRPM8 channel activity through peripheral 5-HT1B receptors. Calcium fluorometry carried out in HEK293 cells transfected with the TRPM8 channel and the 5-HT1B receptor revealed that coadministration of a 5-HT1B receptor agonist facilitated the activation of the TRPM8 channel by icilin. Moreover, it appears that this effect is mediated through phospholipase D1 (PLD1), possibly leading to increased production of phosphatidylinositol (4,5-) bisphosphate (PIP2), a known positive modulator of TRPM8 channel activity. In vitro co-immunoprecipitation studies suggested that the TRPM8 channel, the 5-HT1B receptor and PLD1 physically interact with each other, further providing a molecular basis for their functional co-operation. Calcium imaging carried out in cultured rat DRG cells showed that the 5-HT1B receptor-mediated enhancement of icilin responses at the TRPM8 channel also occurs in sensory cells and is…

Subjects/Keywords: 636.1; Equine laminitis; Pain; TRPM8

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APA (6^th Edition):

Viñuela-Fernández, I. (2011). Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8728

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Viñuela-Fernández, Ignacio. “Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8728.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Viñuela-Fernández, Ignacio. “Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel.” 2011. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Viñuela-Fernández I. Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8728.

Council of Science Editors:

Viñuela-Fernández I. Equine laminitis pain and modulatory mechanisms at a potential analgesic target, the TRPM8 ion channel. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8728

University of Melbourne

5. Potter, Samantha Jayne. Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change.

Degree: 2016, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/116678

► Obesity is becoming a prominent issue within the domestic horse and pony population that has health and welfare implications. In particular, equine obesity has been… (more)

▼ Obesity is becoming a prominent issue within the domestic horse and pony population that has health and welfare implications. In particular, equine obesity has been linked with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia, which are risk factors for laminitis. A field based questionnaire study reporting the prevalence of obesity and incidence of laminitis in a pleasure horse population (south eastern Australian) was performed to determine if obesity and laminitis were emergent health and welfare issues on a localised scale. In addition, researchers compared, reviewed and improved methods of assessing adiposity in horses and ponies via a longitudinal diet study. A number of possible factors influencing weight gain or loss were evaluated including breed, diet, exercise and feed digestibility. The novel method of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was optimised and validated, and a new body condition index (BCI) which is based on objective morphometric measurements was developed. During the diet study, evaluation of a total of twenty one subjects (7 Standardbred horses, 7 mixed-breed ponies and 7 Andalusian-cross horses) was carried out over four phases; 20 week weight gain, 12 week weight loss, 20 week weight gain and 12 week weight loss. Horses and ponies were assigned to either a weight change or control group. Weight gain was achieved by supplementary feeding of a high calorie grain or fat diet. During the weight loss phases, animals were housed and fed individually in a dry lot environment for up to 12 weeks on a restricted diet of 1.25% body weight in grass hay per day. All horses were housed in large dry lots with area for free exercise. In addition, half of the animals were lightly exercised daily on a horse-walker. In a survey of Victorian Pony Clubs visited by the investigators, information data for 229 horses and ponies was obtained from owner questionnaires. Owners’ perception of current body condition was compared with researcher’s observations via a visual analogue scale. Owners’ reported their animal’s history of laminitis (if any) and answered questions relating to the management of their horse. Within the diet study, total body fat was determined by deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), pre- and post- weight change phases. Weekly measurement of body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), cresty neck score (CNS) plus morphometric measurements were also conducted. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) was carried out during the final week of each weight gain phase. The prevalence of obesity within the surveyed population was 23.1%. Fifteen percent of animals were reported to have suffered from at least one episode of laminitis. Horse breeds were less likely to be obese (9.3%) in comparison to pony types where 32.0% of animals presented were obese. Owners significantly underestimated their animals body condition when compared with researchers (p<0.0001). Diet appeared to have a major effect on weight gain variables, with the rate of increase in…

Subjects/Keywords: obesity; nutrition; laminitis; pony; horse

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APA (6^th Edition):

Potter, S. J. (2016). Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change. (Masters Thesis). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/116678

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Potter, Samantha Jayne. “Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/116678.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Potter, Samantha Jayne. “Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Potter SJ. Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Melbourne; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/116678.

Council of Science Editors:

Potter SJ. Adiposity changes in horses and ponies of different breeds during periods of weight change. [Masters Thesis]. University of Melbourne; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/116678

6. Lamoré, M. Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University.

Degree: 2014, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/295228

► Laminitis is a disease of the laminae in the hoof. Various predisposing factors can play a part in the development of laminitis. For example laminitis… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Laminitis; Ambulatory clinic; PPID; EMS; endocrinopathy

6 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lamoré, M. (2014). Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/295228

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lamoré, M. “Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/295228.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lamoré, M. “Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lamoré M. Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/295228.

Council of Science Editors:

Lamoré M. Evaluation of the patients admitted with laminitis to the Ambulatory Clinic of Utrecht University. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/295228

Universiteit Utrecht

7. Lamers, A.A.H. Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox).

Degree: 2013, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/281039

► Abstract Objective: Laminitis in the horse causes failure of the distal phalanx to maintain its attachment to the lamellae of the inner hoof wall. Also… (more)

▼ Abstract Objective: Laminitis in the horse causes failure of the distal phalanx to maintain its attachment to the lamellae of the inner hoof wall. Also the constant traction of the deep digital flexor tendon on the distal phalanx can cause the distal phalanx bone to rotate. These changes cause unrelenting pain and a characteristic lameness (Pollit 2004) The aim of this study was to investigate whether treating acute laminitis following a treatment protocol, in addition of injecting Clostridium botulinum toxin type A (Botox®) in the muscle belly of the deep digital flexor muscle, will lead to a substantial pain relief and thus an increase in comfort of the horse, resulting in a decrease in free-cortisol concentrations in saliva, and a lower result in composite-pain-score after treatment. Method: Literature research has led to a behavior protocol to measure pain-perception and behavior in the horse suffering from laminitis. Also a protocol for cortisol determination was developed to indicate the amount of stress the horse experiences. Two groups of horses was included in the study. A control group of ten healthy warmblood horses was used to determine base-cortisol values in plasma (total-cortisol concentration) and saliva (free-cortisol concentration). In the treatment group, two horses suffering from acute laminitis were included. They were treated for laminitis following a protocol, with addition of intramuscular bilateral Botox®. At specific days post treatment (d0, d3, d7, d14) cortisol was measured in plasma and saliva, and they were scored following a composite-pain-score. Results: In contrast to earlier findings (Van der Kolk et al. 2001), we were unable to find normally distributed values of salivary cortisol in healthy horses. Cortisol-concentrations in plasma on the other hand, were indeed normally distributed. Patient I showed a nice decrease of plasma and salivary cortisol at day 3 and day 7. However, at day 14 there was an extreme rise in both plasma and salivary cortisol. Also the pain-score showed a decrease in the first days, and rising at day 14. Patient II showed an increase of both plasma and salivary cortisol at day 3, however, at day 7 and 14 it decreased back to normal. The pain-score on the other hand, showed higher scores at day 14. Conclusion: Both patients showed a decrease in cortisol-concentration after treatment. Unfortunately, the group was small (n=2) and there were underlying illnesses present in these horses that very likely might have influenced our results. Also the pain scores were influenced in this way. To reveal the value of cortisol-determination in monitoring laminitic patients, more research has to be done in which more patients are involved and circumstances can be more standardized. Advisors/Committee Members: Back, W..

Subjects/Keywords: Diergeneeskunde; laminitis, botox, cortisol, pain, stress, behavior

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lamers, A. A. H. (2013). Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox). (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/281039

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lamers, A A H. “Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox).” 2013. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/281039.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lamers, A A H. “Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox).” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lamers AAH. Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/281039.

Council of Science Editors:

Lamers AAH. Measuring pain-perception and behavior of laminitic horses after treatment (with addition of intramuscular Botox). [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2013. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/281039

Texas A&M University

8. Wang, Jixin. Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8718

► Equine laminitis is a debilitating disease that causes extreme sufferring in afflicted horses and often results in a lifetime of chronic pain. The exact sequence… (more)

▼ Equine laminitis is a debilitating disease that causes extreme sufferring in afflicted horses and often results in a lifetime of chronic pain. The exact sequence of pathophysiological events culminating in laminitis has not yet been characterized, and this is reflected in the lack of any consistently effective therapeutic strategy. For these reasons, we used a newly developed 21,000 element equine-specific whole-genome oligoarray to perform transcriptomic analysis on laminar tissue from horses with experimentally induced models of laminitis: carbohydrate overload (CHO), hyperinsulinaemia (HI), and oligofructose (OF). Samples were collected during the developmental (DEV) and Obel grade 1 (OG1) stages of laminitis for the CHO model. For the HI model, samples were collected at the Obel grade 2 (OG2) stage. For the OF model, samples were collected at the 12 h and 24 h time points. Appropriate control samples were obtained for all models. This is the first genome-wide transcriptome analysis of laminar tissue using an equine 21,000 70-mer long oligoarray approach in CHO, HI and OF induced laminitis. Overall, we identified the differential expression of genes encoding S100 calcium binding proteins, extracellular matrix proteins, glycoproteins, transporters, olfactory receptors, genes involved in signal transduction, body‟s homeostasis, apoptosis, and immune response. Between CHO and OF models of laminitis, there were more shared genes. We discovered several common differentially expressed genes (i.e., ADAMTS1, CYCS and CXCL14) among all three models that are likely important to the pathogenesis of equine laminitis. We also discovered what appear to be central roles of apoptosis, inflammatory response, and intracellular ion homeostasis molecular processes in CHO and OF models of laminitis. Pathway analysis detected the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, which is involved in recognition of intracellular bacteria in both the CHO and OF models of laminitis. Genetic network analysis indicated convergent pathway core molecules present in equine acute laminitis: p38 MAPK and NF-κB. Most importantly, our results of overexpression of anti-microbial genes (i.e., DEFB4, PI3, and CXCL14) suggest the central involvement of these genes in the progression of early equine laminitis and will allow refinement of current hypotheses of disease pathogenesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Chowdhary, Bhanu P. (advisor), Raudsepp, Terje (committee member), Samollow, Paul B. (committee member), Skow, Loren C. (committee member), Riggs, Penny K. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Equine laminitis; microarray; horse; inflammation; functional genomics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, J. (2012). Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8718

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Jixin. “Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8718.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Jixin. “Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang J. Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8718.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang J. Genome-wide Transcriptome Analysis of Laminar Tissue During the Early Stages of Experimentally Induced Equine Laminitis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8718

Texas A&M University

9. Coleman, Michelle Capri. Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Sciences, 2016, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157741

► Observational epidemiologic studies are commonly encountered as a source of clinical evidence in equine veterinary medicine and offer many advantages over experimental studies. First, naturally-occurring… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: epidemiology; laminitis; Rhodococcus equi pneumonia; observational studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Coleman, M. C. (2016). Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157741

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Coleman, Michelle Capri. “Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157741.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Coleman, Michelle Capri. “Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Coleman MC. Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157741.

Council of Science Editors:

Coleman MC. Applications of Observational Epidemiologic Studies in Equine Medicine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/157741

Michigan State University

10. Harkema, Jack Robert. The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis.

Degree: MS, 1977, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:25199

Subjects/Keywords: Ponies – Diseases; Laminitis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Harkema, J. R. (1977). The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis. (Masters Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:25199

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Harkema, Jack Robert. “The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis.” 1977. Masters Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:25199.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Harkema, Jack Robert. “The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis.” 1977. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Harkema JR. The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan State University; 1977. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:25199.

Council of Science Editors:

Harkema JR. The cardiovascular events and acid-base status of overfed ponies during the onset of acute laminitis. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan State University; 1977. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:25199

Colorado State University

11. Chiavaccini, Ludovica. Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Clinical Sciences, 2010, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/38350

To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document. Advisors/Committee Members: Hassel, Diana M. (advisor), Boscan, Pedro (committee member), Bamburg, James R. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Horses – Diseases; Laminitis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chiavaccini, L. (2010). Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/38350

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chiavaccini, Ludovica. “Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/38350.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chiavaccini, Ludovica. “Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses.” 2010. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chiavaccini L. Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/38350.

Council of Science Editors:

Chiavaccini L. Inflammation and apoptosis within the colon from horses with black walnut extract-induced laminitis: prognostic factors after esophageal obstruction in horses. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/38350

University of Melbourne

12. Bamford, Nicholas James. Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies.

Degree: 2016, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/148423

► Laminitis is a debilitating condition of equids that affects a significant proportion of domesticated horses and ponies (Equus caballus) worldwide. Prevention is the key to… (more)

▼ Laminitis is a debilitating condition of equids that affects a significant proportion of domesticated horses and ponies (Equus caballus) worldwide. Prevention is the key to managing laminitis, as there are currently no effective treatments and crippling lameness can often necessitate the euthanasia of affected animals. The clinical clustering of obesity and insulin dysregulation as risk factors for laminitis has been referred to as equine metabolic syndrome. The studies reported in this thesis sought to further examine the relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies. Differences in the innate glucose and insulin dynamics of different equine breeds were established by investigating the insulin responses of animals to oral and intravenous glucose challenges. Ponies and Andalusian horses were relatively insulin resistant and hyperinsulinaemic compared with Standardbred horses; a finding that occurred without the potentially confounding effects of obesity or modifying dietary factors. Studies of diet-induced weight gain were then undertaken, in which a high dietary glycaemic load was found to influence the development of insulin dysregulation more than the induction of obesity per se. Relatively low plasma levels of adiponectin were identified in animals with reduced insulin sensitivity, whilst evidence of significant systemic inflammation was not detected. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels were found to correlate with postprandial insulin responses in horses and ponies adapted to cereal-rich meals. These studies report for the first time the identification of innate differences in insulin metabolism between particular equine breeds. The induction of obesity was not associated with insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies fed a low glycaemic diet, suggesting that increased adiposity might be a consequence rather than a cause of insulin dysregulation in equids. Adiponectin may be a potentially useful biomarker for insulin dysregulation, although whether hypoadiponectinaemia is involved in the pathogenesis requires further investigation. Incretins such as GLP-1 could represent a potential therapeutic target for the control of equine hyperinsulinaemia. Understanding how genetic predispositions to insulin dysregulation can be aggravated by the environment is an essential first step in the development of countermeasures to reduce the incidence of laminitis in equine populations worldwide.

Subjects/Keywords: equine; insulin; glucose; laminitis; nutrition; obesity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bamford, N. J. (2016). Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/148423

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bamford, Nicholas James. “Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/148423.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bamford, Nicholas James. “Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bamford NJ. Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/148423.

Council of Science Editors:

Bamford NJ. Relationships between diet, obesity and insulin dysregulation in horses and ponies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/148423

Louisiana State University

13. Sandow, Cole Barrett. An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse.

Degree: MS, Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine, 2018, Louisiana State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4689

► INTRODUCTION-Laminitis and synovitis are two common causes of equine lameness. Laminitis is most often associated with hyperinsulinemia and osteoarthritis is most commonly the result… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Laminitis; Synovitis; Insulin; Platelet-rich Plasma

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sandow, C. B. (2018). An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4689

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sandow, Cole Barrett. “An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4689.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sandow, Cole Barrett. “An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sandow CB. An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4689.

Council of Science Editors:

Sandow CB. An Evaluation of Pathophysiology and Biomechanics of Selected Lamenesses in the Horse. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2018. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4689

University of Georgia

14. Sherlock, Ceri Elinor. Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse.

Degree: 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/27592

► Laminitis is a painful, debilitating and life-threatening disease affecting horses worldwide. The disease can arise after local or systemic insults and the pathogenesis is not… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Xenon133; Horse; Laminitis; Laminar blood flow

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sherlock, C. E. (2014). Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/27592

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sherlock, Ceri Elinor. “Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/27592.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sherlock, Ceri Elinor. “Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sherlock CE. Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/27592.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sherlock CE. Evaluation of xenon133 washout for measurement of laminar blood flow in the horse. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/27592

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidad de Chile

15. Zaldaña Soto, Samantha Paz. Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis.

Degree: 2019, Universidad de Chile

URL: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170989

► El síndrome metabólico equino (SME) se puede definir como una agrupación de factores de riesgo, asociados a desregulación endocrina y metabólica, que predicen un mayor… (more)

▼ El síndrome metabólico equino (SME) se puede definir como una agrupación de factores de riesgo, asociados a desregulación endocrina y metabólica, que predicen un mayor riesgo de laminitis. Hoy en día, se reconoce que las causas endocrinas de laminitis, principalmente SME y disfunción de la pars intermedia, son las principales razones de presentación de éste signo clínico en la práctica equina. La principal utilidad de comprender la fisiopatología y el concepto de laminitis endocrina, es crear un enfoque dirigido a sus causas, con el objetivo de que se puedan tomar medidas preventivas para reducir su incidencia, en lugar de simplemente actuar frente a los casos después de que hayan demostrado signología clínica avanzada. A pesar del énfasis inicial que se dio a la resistencia a insulina (RI) como principal causal de este tipo de laminitis, estudios recientes han indicado que la hiperinsulinemia e hiperglicemia resultante de la RI son las responsables y no así, a la resistencia del tejido del casco a esta hormona. Por lo tanto, una predisposición a hiperinsulinemia sin previo consumo de alimento, puede predecir con frecuencia la susceptibilidad a la laminitis. Aunque todos los individuos experimenten una hiperinsulinemia post prandial, ésta puede magnificarse o manifestarse en ayunas en presencia de ciertos factores como el exceso de adiposidad regional, raza, falta de ejercicio físico, edad y sexo. Específicamente, la presencia de obesidad, además de la insulina en exceso, puede ser indicativo de SME y la desatención a su control podría resultar en un mayor riesgo de laminitis. Para diagnosticar un ejemplar con este síndrome, se describe que es necesario complementar el examen físico con pruebas de laboratorio que identifiquen la hiperinsulinemia e hiperglicemia. Dentro de los exámenes ya existentes para este propósito, estudios recomiendan que se realicen mediciones basales y dinámicas a la vez, ya que los resultados de una sola prueba pueden ser inconcluyentes para este propósito. Una buena estrategia de control de estas alteraciones endocrinas comprende un manejo dietario y ejercicios rutinarios, los cuales, en ciertos casos, pueden ser complementados con un tratamiento farmacológico, basado en la utilización de Metformina y Levotiroxina, medicamentos que han demostrado tener buenos resultados en la regulación de insulina y glucosa en sangre en esta especie.; Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) can be defined as a group of risk factors, associated with endocrine and metabolic dysregulation, that predict an increased risk of laminitis. Today, it is recognized that the endocrine causes of laminitis, mainly EMS and the pars intermedia dysfunction, are the main reasons for presenting this clinical sign in equine practice. The main usefulness of understanding the pathophysiology and the concept of endocrine laminitis, is to create an approach directed to its causes, with the objective that preventive measures can be taken to reduce its incidence, instead of simply acting in front of cases after have shown advanced clinical…

Subjects/Keywords: Laminitis – Diagnóstico; Enfermedades de los caballos

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zaldaña Soto, S. P. (2019). Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis. (Thesis). Universidad de Chile. Retrieved from http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170989

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zaldaña Soto, Samantha Paz. “Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis.” 2019. Thesis, Universidad de Chile. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170989.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zaldaña Soto, Samantha Paz. “Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zaldaña Soto SP. Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidad de Chile; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170989.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zaldaña Soto SP. Síndrome metabólico equino y laminitis. [Thesis]. Universidad de Chile; 2019. Available from: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/170989

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Melbourne

16. Baskerville, Courtnay Louise. The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue.

Degree: 2019, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/228922

► Equine laminitis is a multifactorial condition leading to the rotation of the distal phalanx. It is widely accepted that endocrinopathic is the most common form… (more)

▼ Equine laminitis is a multifactorial condition leading to the rotation of the distal phalanx. It is widely accepted that endocrinopathic is the most common form of the condition and that Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) is a common predisposing factor associated with laminitis, of which, the pony is often more susceptible than the horse. Recent studies have shown that hyperinsulinaemia plays a significant role in the development of endocrinopathic laminitis, however the direct causal link between hyperinsulinaemia and laminitis is still not fully understood. The aim of the studies presented in this thesis aimed to further investigate this link and to determine what other factors may contribute to hyperinsulinaemia in the horse. The in vitro studies presented in this thesis have shown that as the concentration of insulin increases, so does the rate of cellular proliferation of the equine lamellar epithelial cells. It was shown that whilst there are no insulin receptors present at the site of the pathological lesions associated with laminitis, the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor (IGF-1R) is present. And due to the structural similarities between IGF-1 and insulin, insulin can act on the IGF-1R causing similar cellular cascades mediated through the ERK 1/2 pathway, namely proliferation. This activity was confirmed through western blotting techniques and also through blocking of the IGF-1R which led to a decrease in the proliferation of lamellar epithelial cells. Circulating IGF-1 levels were also measured in three different equine breeds, two of which have been shown in the past to be predisposed to the development of EMS, the pony and the Andalusian horse, as well as the particularly insulin sensitive Standardbred horse. The levels of IGF-1 were measured during periods of obesity and weight and whilst it was shown that ponies had higher IGF-1 concentrations than Standardbreds, there was no significant difference in IGF-1 concentration between the Andalusian and Standardbred. This suggests that not all breeds of horse predisposed to endocrinopathic laminitis will have increased IGF-1 concentrations and thus, circulating IGF-1 may not play a significant role in the development of endocrinopathic laminitis. Finally, the studies presented in this thesis have shown that the enteroinsular axis may be an important mechanism to consider in the development of hyperinsulinaemia. The studies presented in this thesis show that GIP did not correlate strongly with insulin release, however previous studies by our group found that GLP-1 did. Further to these findings, the studies of this thesis, that localise the incretin releasing L and K cells in the intestinal tract of horses, suggest that incretin release and thus, insulin release may be heightened in response to NSCs digestion, the fermentation of fructans and/or volatile fatty acid increases.

Subjects/Keywords: Equine laminitis; pasture-associated laminitis; endocrinopathic laminitis; equine metabolic syndrome; insulin; insulin-like growth factor- 1; insulin-like growth factor receptor; incretins; glucagon-like peptide-1; glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Baskerville, C. L. (2019). The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/228922

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baskerville, Courtnay Louise. “The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/228922.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baskerville, Courtnay Louise. “The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Baskerville CL. The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/228922.

Council of Science Editors:

Baskerville CL. The effect of diet on hormone levels in horses and ponies and in vitro effects of insulin on lamellar tissue. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/228922

17. Carlos Alexandre Paula Gonçalves. Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais.

Degree: 2009, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro

URL: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1303

►

O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar se a administração de anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais influenciava no índice apoptótico de células epiteliais do tecido lamelar de cavalos… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: eqüinos; laminite; apoptose.; MEDICINA VETERINARIA; equine; laminitis; apoptosis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gonçalves, C. A. P. (2009). Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais. (Thesis). Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved from http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gonçalves, Carlos Alexandre Paula. “Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais.” 2009. Thesis, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gonçalves, Carlos Alexandre Paula. “Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais.” 2009. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gonçalves CAP. Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gonçalves CAP. Apoptose de células epidermais lamelares em eqüinos com laminite induzida e tratados com anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; 2009. Available from: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universiteit Utrecht

18. Hardeman, L C. The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis.

Degree: 2016, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/331182

► Laminitis is a severe and painful disease in the horse that may lead to loosening of the attachment of the distal phalanx to the horny… (more)

▼ Laminitis is a severe and painful disease in the horse that may lead to loosening of the attachment of the distal phalanx to the horny hoof capsule. Although a large variety of treatment options has come and gone since the first descriptions of laminitis, there is certainly a thus far unmet need for therapies that are successful in preventing dislodging of the distal phalanx or in creating favourable conditions for healing. Clostridium botulinum toxin has been successfully used in equine medicine to reduce the activity of several skeletal muscles. It was therefore hypothesised that the toxin, when used to reduce the muscle tone of the deep digital flexor, could have potential to reduce the traction of the deep digital flexor on the distal phalanx which might be a useful supportive therapy in case of laminitis. First, the effectiveness and safety had to be tested in the healthy horse: Clostridium botulinum toxin injections proved to reduce the muscle tone of the deep digital flexor muscle significantly without severe side-effects or inducing lameness in the healthy horse. Therefore, further research into the clinical application of the substance was justified. It has been suggested that laminitis may result in increased muscle tone or even contracture of the deep digital flexor. This suggestion was investigated, as the outcome could further substantiate the hypothesis.The increased firing rate of the deep digital flexor muscle in laminitic horses, as evidenced by EMG interference pattern analysis, suggests an increased muscle force which provides some support for the claim that reduction of the muscle tone by use of Clostridium botulinum toxin might be a successful supportive therapy. However, further in-depth research into this item is warranted, as two other parameters, the number of turns/second and amplitude/turn, were not dissimilar, indicating that larger motor units with larger-amplitude motor unit potentials were not recruited. It proved possible to determine the muscle volume of the deep digital flexor in the living animal quite accurately. This way of determining muscle volume can be used in future clinical studies to estimate individual Clostridium botulinum toxin dosages as precise as possible. Not only for efficacy and safety reasons, but also taking into account the high costs involved, this is beneficial. Realization of a large-scale clinical study into the application of Clostridium botulinum toxin in cases of naturally occurring acute laminitis proved difficult. The main reason is that recruitment of a sufficiently large population of acutely laminitic horses and ponies without distal phalanx displacement and complying with strict inclusion criteria is problematic. However, the beneficial outcome as seen in two animals suggests that putting effort in the design and execution of such a (multi-centre and probably multinational) trial using a uniform and objective evaluation protocol is justified. As further research into the application of Clostridium botulinum toxin in acute and chronic laminitis seems… Advisors/Committee Members: Sloet van Oldruitenborgh - Oosterbaan, Marianne, Back, Wim, Wijnberg, Inge, van der Kolk, Johannes.

Subjects/Keywords: equine; horse; laminitis; deep digital flexor muscle; Clostridium botulinum toxin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hardeman, L. C. (2016). The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis. (Doctoral Dissertation). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/331182

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hardeman, L C. “The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/331182.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hardeman, L C. “The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hardeman LC. The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/331182.

Council of Science Editors:

Hardeman LC. The potential role of Clostridium botulinum toxin in the treatment of equine laminitis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/331182

Texas A&M University

19. Johnson, Margarete. Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis.

Degree: MS, Biomedical Sciences, 2014, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153612

► Equine laminitis, a disease affecting the laminar tissue in the hoof, is a common and debilitating disease in horses with a significant impact on the… (more)

▼ Equine laminitis, a disease affecting the laminar tissue in the hoof, is a common and debilitating disease in horses with a significant impact on the equine industry. Currently nearly all laminitis studies are conducted in live horses, a process that is both expensive and limited in biological replicates. Thus the development of an in vitro model for the disease is an important step in advancing laminitis research. Recent evidence suggests that apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) may be involved in the chronic form of the disease but little is known about this protein in the horse, and its effects on the laminar tissue are unknown. The primary goal of this project was to produce a model for inducing inflammation in slices of laminar tissue in culture. We tested two inflammatory agents: interleukin 6 (IL-6) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and measured their effect on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and seven laminitis-associated genes found to be differentially expressed in horses with induced laminitis. The second goal of the project was to test the effects of apoA-IV on laminar tissue inflammation in our model in the presence and absence of the two inflammatory agents, and to further characterize the protein in horses by determining its sequence and expression pattern in this animal. The laminar tissue remained alive and contamination-free over the course of the experiment, showing the viability of our culture. IL-6 did not induce changes in gene expression consistent with those found in horses with laminitis. However, the addition of LPS led to changes in cytokine expression mimicking those seen in horses with induced laminitis and increased two of the seven laminitis-associated genes. The addition of apoA-IV had no effect on laminar tissue inflammation by itself or in the presence of IL-6 or LPS. We found the highest expression of APOA4 in the liver followed by the small intestine, a pattern unique in its high hepatic contribution. A better understanding of how apoA-IV is produced and functions in horses may shed light on its role in laminitis. In the future our tissue culture model could be used in testing agents suspected of causing laminar tissue inflammation and eventually in the development and testing of potential treatments for laminitis. Advisors/Committee Members: Chowdhary, Bhanu P (advisor), Welsh, Jane C (advisor), Janecka, Jan E (committee member), Smith, Stephen B (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: laminitis; in vitro; culture; lps; il-6; apoa-iv

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APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, M. (2014). Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153612

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Margarete. “Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153612.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Margarete. “Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Johnson M. Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153612.

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson M. Development and Characterization of an In-Vitro Tissue Culture Model for Equine Laminitis. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/153612

20. Reis, Lília Isabel Palma Pelado Cavaco. Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos.

Degree: 2015, Universidade de Évora

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/17826

► Este relatório remete-se ao estágio curricular realizado na área de Clínica de Espécies Pecuárias e Equídeos. Encontra-se estruturado em três partes distintas, onde na primeira… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Laminite; Fisiopatologia; Dor; Equinos; Clínica; Laminitis; Pathophysiology; Pain; Equine; Clinics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reis, L. I. P. P. C. (2015). Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos. (Thesis). Universidade de Évora. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/17826

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reis, Lília Isabel Palma Pelado Cavaco. “Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos.” 2015. Thesis, Universidade de Évora. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/17826.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reis, Lília Isabel Palma Pelado Cavaco. “Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Reis LIPPC. Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade de Évora; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/17826.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Reis LIPPC. Clínica de espécies pecuárias e equídeos. [Thesis]. Universidade de Évora; 2015. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:dspace.uevora.pt:10174/17826

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Florida

21. Wallett, Lane A. The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus.

Degree: PhD, Veterinary Medical Sciences - Veterinary Medicine, 2015, University of Florida

URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0049186

Subjects/Keywords: equine; laminitis; paleontology; paleopathology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wallett, L. A. (2015). The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0049186

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wallett, Lane A. “The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0049186.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wallett, Lane A. “The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wallett LA. The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0049186.

Council of Science Editors:

Wallett LA. The Natural History of Chronic Laminitis: Evidence from the Fossil and Archaeological Record of Equus. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2015. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0049186

University of Minnesota

22. Norton, Elaine. Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk.

Degree: PhD, Comparative and Molecular Biosciences, 2019, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/209197

► Laminitis is a painful, debilitating disease of the hoof, often resulting in these horses being humanely euthanized due to uncontrolled pain. The most commonly cited… (more)

▼ Laminitis is a painful, debilitating disease of the hoof, often resulting in these horses being humanely euthanized due to uncontrolled pain. The most commonly cited cause of this life-threatening disease is a clustering of clinical signs resulting from a metabolically efficient phenotype, termed equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). While EMS is a commonly diagnosed syndrome, knowledge of the underlining pathophysiology is lacking and recommendations for diagnostic criteria are vague and inconsistent. EMS is thought to be complex disease, and identification of its underlying genetic risk factors and key gene-by-environment interactions will improve our understanding of EMS pathophysiology and allow for early detection of high-risk individuals and intervention prior to the onset of laminitis. We hypothesized that major genetic risk factors leading to EMS and laminitis susceptibility are shared across breeds of horses, and that differences in the severity and secondary features of the EMS phenotype between breeds, or between individuals within a breed, are the result of modifying genetic risk alleles with variable frequencies between breeds. To test these hypotheses, my PhD thesis has consisted of using phenotype and genotype data on 286 Morgan horses and 264 Welsh ponies, two high risk breeds for EMS. Phenotype data collected on all horses included: signalment, medical history, laminitis status, environmental management (feed, supplements, turnout and exercise regimen), and morphometric measurements (body condition score (BCS), wither height, and neck and girth circumference). After an eight hour fast, an oral sugar test (OST) was performed using 0.15mg/kg Karo lite corn syrup. Biochemical measurements included baseline insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), triglycerides (TG), adiponectin, leptin and ACTH; and measurements 75 minutes after the OST included insulin (INS-OST) and glucose (GLU-OST). For inclusion in the study, each farm had to have at least one control and one horse with clinical signs consistent with EMS under the same management. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping was performed on all horses. Haplotype phasing and genotype imputation up to two million SNPs was performed on horses genotyped on lower density arrays using Beagle software. Quality control on the imputed data was performed using the Plink software package. After genotype pruning, 1,428,337 and 1,158,831 SNPs remained for subsequent analysis in the Welsh ponies and Morgan horses, respectively. In chapter 2, SNP genotype data from the Welsh ponies and Morgan horses were used to estimate the heritability of the nine EMS biochemical measurements. Heritability (h2SNP) was estimated using a restricted maximum likelihood statistic with the inclusion of genetic relationship matrix, which was corrected for linkage disequilibrium (regions of the genome which are not independent as they are inherited together). The confounders of age, sex and season were included in the model based on the Akaike information…

Subjects/Keywords: equine metabolic syndrome; genetics; genome-wide association; horse; laminitis; risk factors

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APA (6^th Edition):

Norton, E. (2019). Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/209197

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Norton, Elaine. “Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/209197.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Norton, Elaine. “Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Norton E. Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/209197.

Council of Science Editors:

Norton E. Identification of genetic loci underlying equine metabolic syndrome and laminitis risk. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/209197

University of Minnesota

23. Schultz, Nichol. Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci.

Degree: PhD, Comparative and Molecular Biosciences, 2016, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198365

► Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a clustering of clinical signs associated with increased risk of laminitis, a potentially life-threatening condition of the foot. Similar to… (more)

▼ Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a clustering of clinical signs associated with increased risk of laminitis, a potentially life-threatening condition of the foot. Similar to human metabolic syndrome (MetS), generalized and/or regional adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, are reported components of EMS. However, there is ongoing debate regarding the definition of EMS, its etiology and pathogenesis, and the mechanisms linking EMS to its secondary consequences. Conflicting reports regarding EMS reflect the limitations of prior EMS studies, and that EMS is likely a complex, multifactorial condition similar to MetS. The primary objectives of this thesis were to characterize metabolic variation and EMS across horse and pony breeds and to identify candidate genes for EMS risk. Chapter 2 details the largest-ever epidemiological investigation of EMS in which 11 metabolic traits were measured in >600 horses and ponies from 166 farms. The use of multivariate, multilevel regression modeling allowed, for the first time, quantification of the relative importance of environmental (farm, dietary composition, exercise, etc.) and individual (age, breed, sex etc.) factors on these metabolic traits, while accounting for the often strong correlation between the trait measures. Age, sex, breed, obesity, prior laminitis status, and time of year were all strongly associated with one or more metabolic traits. Despite strong associations, these factors only explained 9.6% to 36.3% of the variation across these 11 traits, thus the majority of the variability in these measures remained unexplained. Unexplained variation at the farm level after accounting for diet, exercise, and sampling time of year, suggests that additional unmeasured environmental factors explain the similarity in metabolic measures between horses sampled from the same farm. Similarly, unexplained variation at the individual level suggests that unmeasured individual characteristics, for example genetics, are responsible for a large proportion of individual trait variation. Differences in the incretin response may also contribute to individual trait variation. The incretin response, defined as the difference in insulinemic responses between an oral and intravenous glucose challenge, is controlled by intestinal secretion of peptides, such as GLP-1, that stimulate pancreatic insulin secretion. While the incretin response has been hypothesized to play a role in the EMS pathogenesis, this hypothesis has not been adequately tested. In Chapter 3, the glycemic, insulinemic, and total and active GLP-1 responses to an oral sugar challenge, and the activity of DPP4, the major protease that breaks down GLP-1, were characterized. The use of a longitudinal analysis, rather than the traditional area under the curve analysis, allowed for more power to detect differences in these responses, including variation due to breed, obesity, and prior laminitis status. Unexplained individual level variation and breed differences in metabolic phenotypes support the…

Subjects/Keywords: equine metabolic syndrome; GWAS; incretin; laminitis; metabolic syndrome; multilevel model

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APA (6^th Edition):

Schultz, N. (2016). Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198365

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schultz, Nichol. “Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198365.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schultz, Nichol. “Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Schultz N. Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198365.

Council of Science Editors:

Schultz N. Characterization of equine metabolic syndrome and mapping of candidate genetic loci. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/198365

Duquesne University

24. Jevit, Matthew John. Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers.

Degree: MS, Environmental Science and Management (ESM), 2016, Duquesne University

URL: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/98

► Laminitis is characterized by the separation of the phalanx and the hoof wall. It can be induced in horses by ingesting high amounts of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cecal; equine; fecal; laminitis; microflora; next-generation sequencing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jevit, M. J. (2016). Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers. (Thesis). Duquesne University. Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/98

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jevit, Matthew John. “Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers.” 2016. Thesis, Duquesne University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/98.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jevit, Matthew John. “Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jevit MJ. Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers. [Internet] [Thesis]. Duquesne University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/98.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jevit MJ. Microflora of the equine gut and its ramifications on the development of laminitis; A comparison of fecal and cecal diversity and Illumina and Roche 454 sequencers. [Thesis]. Duquesne University; 2016. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/98

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Virginia Tech

25. McIntosh, Bridgett J. Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses.

Degree: PhD, Animal and Poultry Sciences, 2006, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27742

► Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC), which includes sugars, starches and fructans in pasture forages, undergo circadian and seasonal variation which has direct effects on metabolism in grazing… (more)

▼ Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC), which includes sugars, starches and fructans in pasture forages, undergo circadian and seasonal variation which has direct effects on metabolism in grazing horses. Increased intake of NSC is implicated in the development of digestive and metabolic disorders, such as laminitis. A series of five studies at Virginia Techâ s M.A.R.E. Center in April, May, August, and October 2005, and January 2006, examined circadian and seasonal variability in forage NSC content and metabolic and digestive variables in horses over a 36 h sampling period. Fourteen mares were randomly assigned to grazing (housed on a 5-ha predominantly tall fescue pasture; n = 10) or control (stabled within the pasture and fed timothy/alfalfa hay; n = 4) groups. Blood samples were collected hourly from the horses which corresponded to hourly pasture forage samples. In all five studies, plasma glucose and insulin were measured and proxies for insulin resistance were calculated. In the April study, plasma L-lactate and fecal pH, L-lactate, D-lactate and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were also measured. Two approaches were used for the determination of carbohydrate profiles in pasture forage samples. For the first (LAB1), sugar was water soluble carbohydrates extracted prior to analysis for starch, and included fructans. The NSC was the sum of starch and sugar. For the second (LAB2), samples were analyzed for specific NSC fractions using hydrolytic enzymes, with the addition of HCL for the determination of fructans including graminans, the type of fructans in cool season grasses. Both the LAB1 and LAB2 analyses revealed circadian and seasonal patterns in forage NSC and its constituents. In general, pasture forage NSC content was lowest in the morning and highest in the late afternoon. April had the highest NSC content which was comprised mostly of simple sugars. Forage NSC content (LAB1) was associated with environmental variables in all months with strongest correlations in April; ambient temperature (r = 0.72, P < 0.001), solar radiation (r = 0.62, P < 0.001), and humidity (r = -0.84, P < 0.001). In the animals, plasma insulin was highest in grazing horses in April (P < 0.001) followed by May (P < 0.001). Plasma insulin was higher in grazing compared to control horses at all sample points in April, and a circadian pattern was evident (P = 0.012). In grazing horses, plasma glucose was higher in April than all months except for May, and plasma glucose was higher in grazing horses compared to controls in April. In grazing horses, plasma insulin was significantly correlated with NSC and sugar in April (r = 0.69 and r = 0.67, respectively); May (r = 0.46 and r = 0.47, respectively); and January (r = 0.44 and r = 0.46, respectively). In April only, individual mean insulin response was proportional to the increase in insulin per increase in unit of NSC (r2 = 0.033, P < 0.001). Sinusoidal circadian patterns in NSC (r2 = 0.51, P < 0.001) and insulin in grazing horses (r2 = 0.12, P < 0.001) had similar frequency (P = 0.36). Plasma… Advisors/Committee Members: Abaye, Azenegashe Ozzie (committee member), Splan, Rebecca K. (committee member), Staniar, William Burton (committee member), Chatterton, Jerry (committee member), Longland, Annette (committee member), Kronfeld, David S. (committeecochair), Geor, Raymond J. (committeecochair).

Subjects/Keywords: PASTURE; CARBOHYDRATES; HORSE; LAMINITIS

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McIntosh, B. J. (2006). Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27742

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McIntosh, Bridgett J. “Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27742.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McIntosh, Bridgett J. “Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses.” 2006. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McIntosh BJ. Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27742.

Council of Science Editors:

McIntosh BJ. Circadian and Seasonal Variation in Pasture Nonstructural Carbohydrates and the Physiological Response of Grazing Horses. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27742

Virginia Tech

26. Suagee, Jessica Kanekakenre. Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue.

Degree: PhD, Animal and Poultry Sciences, 2010, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40294

► Glucose and lipid metabolism are dysregulated in obese horses. Altered glucose metabolism is evidenced by the development of insulin resistance and increased fasting plasma insulin… (more)

▼ Glucose and lipid metabolism are dysregulated in obese horses. Altered glucose metabolism is evidenced by the development of insulin resistance and increased fasting plasma insulin concentrations (hyperinsulinemia) while altered lipid metabolism is evidenced by increased plasma lipid concentrations. Obesity in horses also increases the risk of the painful hoof disease, laminitis. Three experiments were performed to investigate the regulation of nutrient metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of lean, healthy horses. Adipose tissue was found to be the primary lipogenic tissue of horses, with acetate being the primary lipogenic substrate. Secondly, ten, lean horses were used to investigate the effects of acute hyperinsulinemia on nutrient metabolism. Increasing plasma insulin concentrations to >1,000 mIU/L for six hours decreased transcript abundance of glucose transporters and the insulin receptor in adipose tissue, and decreased protein abundance of the insulin receptor in skeletal muscle, potentially indicating that hyperinsulinemia potentiates insulin resistance. Insulin infusion also reduced mRNA abundance of lipid transporters in adipose tissue while increasing them in skeletal muscle. The final experiment investigated the influence of the insulin-sensitizing drug, pioglitazone, and lipopolysaccharide, on nutrient metabolism in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue, and their association with insulin sensitivity. Pioglitazone treatment did not increase insulin sensitivity; however it did increase skeletal muscle transcript abundance of the insulin receptor and the non-insulin sensitive glucose transporter and adipose tissue protein abundance of the insulin-sensitive glucose transporter (GLUT4). Lipopolysaccharide decreased insulin sensitivity regardless of pioglitazone pre-treatment, which was associated with decreased transcript abundance of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue of untreated horses, but not adipose tissue of pioglitazone treated horses. Advisors/Committee Members: Hulver, Matthew W. (committee member), Geor, Ray (committee member), McCutcheon, L. Jill (committee member), Crisman, Mark Virgil (committee member), Corl, Benjamin A. (committeecochair), Wong, Eric A. (committeecochair).

Subjects/Keywords: glucose; horse; insulin; laminitis; obesity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Suagee, J. K. (2010). Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40294

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Suagee, Jessica Kanekakenre. “Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40294.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Suagee, Jessica Kanekakenre. “Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue.” 2010. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Suagee JK. Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40294.

Council of Science Editors:

Suagee JK. Regulation of Nutrient Metabolism in Equine Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40294

27. Kaufman, Katelyn Lucille. Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates.

Degree: PhD, Animal and Poultry Sciences, 2019, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89013

► Lush pastures are an important part of the equine diet for overall health and performance. However, there are several nutrition-related diseases that can occur when… (more)

▼ Lush pastures are an important part of the equine diet for overall health and performance. However, there are several nutrition-related diseases that can occur when environmental conditions favor starch and sugar (nonstructural carbohydrates, NSC) accumulation in pasture grasses. Environmental conditions such as air temperature, intensity of sunlight, frost, and drought can all lead to increased accumulation of NSC in pasture grasses, especially in spring and fall months. When horses graze pastures with elevated NSC concentrations they can develop several conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and gastrointestinal upset. One of the most common but least understood equine diseases is pasture-associated laminitis, in which inflammation causes pain and damage to the structure of the equine hoof. The objectives of our research were to measure seasonal changes in pasture NSC concentrations as well as the metabolic and digestive response in grazing horses to better understand how the intake of pasture NSC content may lead to disturbances or disease in the horse. A yearlong grazing study was conducted at the Virginia Tech Middleburg Agricultural Research and Extension Center from October 2016 through September 2017 to investigate the relationship between pasture NSC and grazing horses. Twelve sporthorse mares were maintained on a 21-acre mixed grass pasture with water, mineral (Buckeye Nutrition, Dalton, OH), and white salt ad libitum. Weekly pasture samples collected to determine NSC content of the grasses. Weekly blood samples were collected from the horses to measure glucose, insulin, and L- lactate concentrations. Each month, fecal samples were collected to measure pH and Dlactate. Additionally, monthly glucose and insulin dynamics (% ∆) were assessed via a modified oral sugar test. Pasture NSC content fluctuated throughout the year and was most elevated in the spring and fall months. There was seasonal variation in the metabolic response of grazing horses with glucose and insulin concentrations being highest in the spring months. There was also seasonal variation in digestive measures in grazing horses. Plasma L-lactate and fecal D-lactate were most elevated in the spring and fecal pH was most acidic in the spring. These results indicate a relationship between seasonal changes in pasture NSC content and the physiological response in grazing horses. Future aims include evaluating possible seasonal fluctuations in the hindgut microbiota of grazing horses to better understand the link between the equine gastrointestinal bacteria and nutritionally-related diseases. Improved grazing management strategies are needed to reduce the risk of metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders in horses, which may lead to diseases such as colic and pasture-associated laminitis. Advisors/Committee Members: McIntosh, Bridgett J. (committeechair), Biddle, Amy S. (committee member), McKenzie, Harold C. (committee member), Johnson, Sally E. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Pasture; horses; carbohydrates; laminitis

…19 2.6. Laminitis… …20 2.6.1. Endocrinopathic Laminitis… …20 2.6.2. Gastrointestinal-associated Laminitis… …21 2.7. Treatment of Laminitis… …21 2.8. Strategies to Avoid Pasture-Associated Laminitis…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaufman, K. L. (2019). Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89013

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaufman, Katelyn Lucille. “Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89013.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaufman, Katelyn Lucille. “Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kaufman KL. Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89013.

Council of Science Editors:

Kaufman KL. Physiological response of grazing horses to seasonal fluctuations in pasture nonstructural carbohydrates. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/89013

28. Coyne, Michael. Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis.

Degree: MS, Animal Science, 2008, University of Massachusetts

URL: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/108

Subjects/Keywords: Laminitis; ADAM; MMP; equine; horse

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Coyne, M. (2008). Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis. (Masters Thesis). University of Massachusetts. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/108

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Coyne, Michael. “Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis.” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Massachusetts. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/108.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Coyne, Michael. “Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis.” 2008. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Coyne M. Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Massachusetts; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/108.

Council of Science Editors:

Coyne M. Implication of Adam Related Metalloproteases in Equine Laminitis. [Masters Thesis]. University of Massachusetts; 2008. Available from: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/108

Michigan State University

29. Manfredi, Jane Marie. Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression.

Degree: 2016, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4328

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Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology 2016

"Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and associated insulin dysregulation (ID) have been identified as… (more)

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Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology 2016

"Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) and associated insulin dysregulation (ID) have been identified as the most common causes of laminitis. Certain breeds seem susceptible to EMS, and we have identified breed differences in metabolic phenotypes. Muscle and adipose tissue have important roles in glucose and insulin regulation, but little is known about how their biology affects breed-related insulin sensitivity and other metabolic traits. In chapter 2, breed specific differences in insulin and glucose dynamics during three dynamic challenge tests for diagnosing EMS/ID were evaluated. An arginine stimulation test (AST), an oral sugar test (OST) and a frequently sampled insulin modified intravenous tolerance test (FSIGTT) were performed in 27, 82, and 90 individuals representing five different breeds (Quarter Horses [QH], Arabians, Morgans, Welsh Ponies [WP], and Thoroughbreds [TB]). The AST (70 mg/kg bwt intravenous dose of arginine hydrochloride) elicited a significant increase in insulin concentrations in adult horses, which lasted at least 15 minutes and was repeatable. During the OST, insulin but not glucose was useful for diagnosing ID, and insulin thresholds to diagnose ID, which are lower than previous recommendations were established. Longitudinal analysis of insulin and glucose trajectories demonstrated that breed, age, triglycerides, and high molecular weight adiponectin were all associated with differences in the shape of the insulin and/or glucose curve. Minimal model analysis of the FSIGTT was performed and compared between breeds, with QHs having some of the highest insulin sensitivities (SI). In Chapter 3, tail head adipose tissue (TAT) and gluteal muscle biopsies were performed in a cohort of horses and ponies for to identify differences in histologic traits and to evaluate these traits with respect to SI. Overall, measures of adiposity, adipocyte size, and muscle fiber type did not have strong correlations to tissue level SI and the acute insulin response to glucose providing further evidence that horses can demonstrate both a metabolically healthy obese, as well as metabolically unhealthy thin phenotypes. Breed differences existed in adipocyte area, with QH having a significantly smaller mean adipocyte area than both Arabians and WP but not TBs or Morgans. Muscle fiber type total percent area and proportion did not correlate to SI. QH did have a greater area of type 2B to 2A muscle fibers than type 1 fibers. Fiber type area and proportions of fiber types did not significantly differ between breeds. In Chapter 4, middle gluteal muscle and TAT biopsies obtained from 28 geldings from four breeds were examined for differential gene expression and functional analysis using RNASeq and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Each breed uniquely differentially expressed genes in each tissue (7- 1347 in adipose, 94-691 in muscle). In TAT, top networks in Arabians and WP were Carbohydrate Metabolism and Developmental Disorders/Lipid…

Advisors/Committee Members: Norby, Bo, Geor, Raymond J, McCue, Molly M, McCutcheon, Laura J, Contreras, Andres G.

Subjects/Keywords: Laminitis; Hoofs – Diseases; Horses – Diseases – Genetic aspects; Veterinary science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Manfredi, J. M. (2016). Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4328

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manfredi, Jane Marie. “Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression.” 2016. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4328.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manfredi, Jane Marie. “Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression.” 2016. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Manfredi JM. Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4328.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Manfredi JM. Identifying breed differences in insulin dynamics, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue histology and gene expression. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2016. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:4328

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

30. Glad, Tia. Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen.

Degree: Department of Clinical Production Animal Medicine; Helsingin yliopisto, Eläinlääketieteellinen tiedekunta, Kliinisen tuotantoeläinlääketieteen laitos; Helsingfors universitet, Veterinärmedicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk produktionsdjursmedicin, 2008, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8231

► Naudan sorkkakuume aiheuttaa karjatiloille suuria tappioita vuosittain. Suomessa sorkkahoitajien raporteista käy ilmi, että jopa 48,5 % hoidetuista naudoista oli yksi tai useampi sorkkasairaus. Tuotannon tehostuessa… (more)

▼ Naudan sorkkakuume aiheuttaa karjatiloille suuria tappioita vuosittain. Suomessa sorkkahoitajien raporteista käy ilmi, että jopa 48,5 % hoidetuista naudoista oli yksi tai useampi sorkkasairaus. Tuotannon tehostuessa ja karjakokojen kasvaessa täytyy nautojen sorkkaterveyteen kiinnittää yhä enemmän huomiota. Sorkkakuume on monisyinen sairaus, jonka altistavia tekijöitä ovat vääränlainen ruokinta, huonot olosuhteet, naudan rakenneviat, geneettinen alttius ja huono hygienia. Sorkkakuume ilmenee akuuttina, piilevänä tai kroonisena muotona. Piilevä sorkkakuume on yleisin muoto, ja se aiheuttaa myös eniten tappioita karjatiloille. Ontumista ja kipuilua aiheuttava akuutti muoto on harvinainen, ja sorkan ulkoista rakennetta huomattavasti muuttavaa kroonista muotoa esiintyy yhä vähemmän, tilojen poistaessa kroonikot nopeasti karjasta. Sorkkakuumeen syntymekanismi on vieläkin osittain epäselvä. Uusi teoria esittää, että sorkkakuumeen aiheuttama sorkkaluun laskeutuminen johtuisi tiettyjen metalloproteaasien aiheuttamasta kollageenipunosten rappeumasta sorkkaluun pinnalla, jolloin sorkkaluun kannatinmekanismi löystyy. Vanhassa teoriassa uskottiin sorkkaverenkierron häiriöiden ja tulehdusmuutosten vaikuttavan sorkan kiinnitysrakenteita irrottavasti. Uudet tutkimukset ovat myös osoittaneet muutoksia sorkan päkiäispatjan rasvan rakenteessa etenkin korkeatuottoisilla eläimillä. Päkiäispatja heikkenee, jolloin se ei kestä rasitusta, ja altistaa sorkan pohjan vaurioille. Naudalla etenkin hapan pötsi voi aiheuttaa sorkkavaurioita. Pötsi voi happamoitua liian nopean ruokinnan muutoksen, vähäisen kuidun saannin, harvojen ruokintakertojen ja liiallisen väkirehun saannin yhteydessä. Pötsi tarvitsee jopa 3 viikkoa aikaa ruokintamuutoksiin sopeutumiseen, jotta sen happamia aineenvaihduntatuotteita, esimerkiksi laktaattia, hyväkseen käyttävät bakteerit ehtivät lisääntyä tarpeeksi. Uusi tutkimus on myös osoittanut, että suuret määrät suoraan fermentoitavaksi kelpaavaa hiilihydraattia aiheuttaa akuuttia sorkkakuumetta. Eli hiilihydraatin laatukin voi vaikuttaa sorkkakuumeen syntyyn. Sorkkaterveyden ylläpitämiseksi naudan tulee saada liikkua säännöllisesti, levätä tarpeeksi ja elinympäristön tulee olla mahdollisimman puhdas. Lisäksi säännöllinen sorkkahoito auttaa ylläpitämään sorkkaterveyttä ja estämään mahdollisia sorkkaongelmia. Etenkin hiehot ovat alttiita sorkkakuumeelle. Niiden päkiäispatjat eivät ole ehtineet kehittyä ja synnytyksen aiheuttamat hormonaalimuutokset, muun muassa estrogeeni ja relaksiini, löysyttävät sidekudoksia ja sitä kautta sorkan tukirakennetta. Kun tähän yhtälöön lisää ruokinnan muutoksen lypsykauden alussa, laktaation aiheuttamat muutokset eläimelle ja yleensä vielä siirron nuorkarjapuolelta lypsykarjan joukkoon, niin altistus sorkkakuumeelle on erittäin suuri. Tutkimusosiossa selvitimme vaikuttaako vapaa väkirehun saanti haitallisesti lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen. Tutkimus oli 2*2 faktoriaalinen. Faktoreina olivat rehu ja rehun määrä. Tutkimus suoritettiin 32 sonnilla, jotka oli jaettu neljään ryhmään.…

Subjects/Keywords: acidosis; ruminant; laminitis; lameness; Sisätautioppi; Internmedicin; Internal Medicine; acidosis; ruminant; laminitis; lameness

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Glad, T. (2008). Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen. (Thesis). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8231

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Glad, Tia. “Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen.” 2008. Thesis, University of Helsinki. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8231.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Glad, Tia. “Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen.” 2008. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Glad T. Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8231.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Glad T. Naudan sorkkakuume- kirjallisuuskatsaus ja tutkimus väkirehuvaltaisen ruokinnan vaikutuksesta lihasonnien sorkkaterveyteen. [Thesis]. University of Helsinki; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1975/8231

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations