subject:(intrusive memory)

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University of New South Wales

1. Battaglini, Eva. The neural bases of intrusive memories.

Degree: Psychology, 2014, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54388 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:34902/SOURCE02?view=true

► Intrusive memories are a core symptom present in various psychological disorders. This thesis investigates the neural networks underlying intrusive memory processes using functional magnetic resonance… (more)

▼ Intrusive memories are a core symptom present in various psychological disorders. This thesis investigates the neural networks underlying intrusive memory processes using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Study 1 utilised an emotional face paradigm to examine the relationship between emotional processing and reexpe- riencing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results suggest that in individuals who experience reexperiencing symptoms, viewing emotional faces is associated with neural networks implicated in cognitive and emotional control, emotional awareness, attentional processes and enhanced visual processing. Flashbacks in particular were associated with greater generalised activations in brain regions associated with emotional and sensory processing. Study 2 investigated encoding of intrusions in healthy participants, who viewed negative and neutral images during fMRI. Results suggest that in order for a memory to become intrusive, brain networks involved in emotion-related processes such as fear processing, emotional and cognitive control, and interoception are active at encoding. Study 3 investigated the role of mode of processing in encoding of intrusions in healthy participants, comparing neural activity during encoding under visual and verbal processing conditions. Results suggest that encoding of intrusions is related to activity in brain regions that are involved in emotion processing, and emotional and behavioural suppression. Contrary to predictions based on major models of intrusions, emotion-related activations were only seen under verbal processing conditions. This finding does not support theories proposing that perceptually driven processing at encoding is more likely to result in intrusions. Finally, in Study 4 a novel version of the trauma film paradigm was used to investigate retrieval of intrusions in healthy participants. During intrusion retrieval, unique activations occurred in the middle temporal gyrus and cerebellum, suggesting that intrusion retrieval may be distinguished by emotion-related processing. Taken together, these findings provide evidence for the importance of emotional processes in intrusive memories. This program of research provides preliminary neuroimaging evidence of the neural networks involved in intrusive memory processes, and extends current models of intrusive memories. Advisors/Committee Members: Bryant, Richard, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Felmingham, Kim, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania.

Subjects/Keywords: Clinical neuroscience; Neuroimaging; Intrusive memory

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APA (6^th Edition):

Battaglini, E. (2014). The neural bases of intrusive memories. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54388 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:34902/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Battaglini, Eva. “The neural bases of intrusive memories.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54388 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:34902/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Battaglini, Eva. “The neural bases of intrusive memories.” 2014. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Battaglini E. The neural bases of intrusive memories. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54388 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:34902/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Battaglini E. The neural bases of intrusive memories. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2014. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/54388 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:34902/SOURCE02?view=true

2. Plimpton, Benjamin Cope. Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Hertfordshire

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2299/23566

► Intrusive memories (IMs) are repetitive, unwanted memories, characterised by their disruptiveness and often distressing content. They are most widely known as a feature of clinical… (more)

▼ Intrusive memories (IMs) are repetitive, unwanted memories, characterised by their disruptiveness and often distressing content. They are most widely known as a feature of clinical conditions such as depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but have also been shown to occur in non-clinical populations. The majority of research on naturally occurring IMs has recruited clinical populations, and relied on questionnaires and interviews (i.e. retrospective reports). Most research with non-clinical populations has focused on analogue IMs that are induced following exposure to distressing film content (the so call “trauma film paradigm”), which participants are then asked to record in a simple diary. The principal aim of the present thesis was to develop diary and laboratory methods –previously used to research Involuntary Autobiographical Memories (IAMs) – and apply them to the study of naturally occurring and analogue IMs in non-clinical populations. These methods have proven useful for understanding the frequency, phenomenology and triggers of IAMs, and exploration of these variables with regard to IMs was another key aim of the present thesis. A final aim was to examine the therapeutic benefit of interacting with the content of IMs using these methods. Overall, results suggest that IMs in non-clinical populations are common and frequent. This was clearly demonstrated by the results of an initial online questionnaire (Study 1) in a general student population, and further supported by a naturalistic diary study (Study 2) which showed the frequency of IMs to be comparable to some retrospective studies in clinical populations. Finally, results of two studies using a novel laboratory method (Studies 3a and 3b), showed that it is possible to capture naturally occurring IMs reported by non-clinical participants under controlled conditions. The triggers for naturalistic IMs show some key similarities with IAMs. For example, the IMs captured under laboratory conditions in Studies 3a and 3b were highly susceptible to verbal cuing, as is the case with IAMs. Furthermore, personalisation of those verbal cues (based on an IM reported at screening) resulted in a greater frequency of reported IMs than was the case with non-personalised cues in Study 3b. Results also suggest some key differences in the triggers for naturalistic IMs, analogue IMs, and IAMs. For all three types of cognition, environmental triggers were the most frequently reported, but analogue IMs registered a slightly higher proportion of ‘no-trigger’ reports. In addition, results suggest that writing about and rating naturalistic IMs in the lab can yield differences in subsequent diary reports of abstract/verbal versus sensory/perceptual triggers, with in-person disclosure resulting in relatively equal proportions of each trigger-type (similar to IAMs) and non-disclosure resulting in many more abstract/verbal trigger reports. By contrast, analogue IMs consistently showed a significantly higher proportion of sensory/perceptual riggers. These findings have…

Subjects/Keywords: intrusive memories; involuntary autobiographical memory; diary method; trauma film paradigm; intrusive memory cues

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APA (6^th Edition):

Plimpton, B. C. (2020). Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Hertfordshire. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2299/23566

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Plimpton, Benjamin Cope. “Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hertfordshire. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/23566.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Plimpton, Benjamin Cope. “Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations.” 2020. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Plimpton BC. Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Hertfordshire; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2299/23566.

Council of Science Editors:

Plimpton BC. Methodological and therapeutic implications of studying intrusive memories in non-clinical populations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Hertfordshire; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2299/23566

University of New South Wales

3. Newby, Jill Maree. Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression.

Degree: Psychology, 2011, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51296 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9977/SOURCE02?view=true

► This program of research investigated the role and persistence of negative intrusive autobiographical memories in depression. Studies 1a, 2a and 3 compared the prevalence, content,… (more)

▼ This program of research investigated the role and persistence of negative intrusive autobiographical memories in depression. Studies 1a, 2a and 3 compared the prevalence, content, features, appraisals and avoidance of intrusions in currently depressed, formerly depressed and never-depressed individuals. These studies found that specific memory characteristics (e.g., vividness), intrusion-related distress, negative appraisals and avoidance of intrusions distinguished depressed from never-depressed individuals. Moreover, the findings indicated that formerly depressed individuals also continued to endorse negative appraisals and avoidance of intrusions following a depressive episode. In Studies 1b and 2b, the degree of intrusiveness, negative appraisals, and distress associated with intrusions predicted depression symptoms at six month follow-up in untreated individuals. In contrast, the presence of intrusive memories alone was a poor predictor of depression. In a novel extension, Study 4 showed that assigning positive/benign appraisals to intrusive memories is associated with lower intrusion-related distress, providing the first evidence for the adaptive role of such appraisals. Together, these findings suggest that intrusive memories play an important role in the course of depression, and provide partial support for the applicability of cognitive models of PTSD (e.g., Ehlers and Steil, 1995) to account for the persistence of intrusions in depression. Study 5 compared the relative efficacy of a computerised cognitive bias modification (CBM) program that trained positive appraisals of intrusions and a single session of cognitive behavioural education (CB-Education) in their capacity to reduce negative appraisals, intrusion frequency and distress. Study 5 provided the first empirical evidence of the utility of both CB-Education and CBM appraisal bias training in reducing intrusion-related distress in dysphoria. Finally, Study 6 demonstrated an important and potentially maladaptive relationship between intrusive memories and ruminative responses to intrusive memories. In summary, these studies have extended our current understanding of the role of intrusive memories in the persistence of depression, and highlight the need for novel depression-specific theoretical models to account for the role and persistence of intrusions in the disorder. Finally, the findings from this program of research provide additional support for the utility of targeting negative intrusive memories in the treatment of depression. Advisors/Committee Members: Moulds, Michelle, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive behavioural therapy; Intrusive memories; Depression; Memory; Appraisals; Avoidance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Newby, J. M. (2011). Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51296 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9977/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Newby, Jill Maree. “Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51296 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9977/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Newby, Jill Maree. “Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression.” 2011. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Newby JM. Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51296 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9977/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Newby JM. Investigations into the role of intrusive autobiographical memories in depression. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2011. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/51296 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:9977/SOURCE02?view=true

University of St. Andrews

4. Sayan, Stephanie. Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control.

Degree: 2016, University of St. Andrews

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655

► Intrusive memories are memories for negative autobiographical events that come to mind without being deliberately recalled (Hackmann, Ehlers, Speckens, & Clark, 2004). Previous research has… (more)

▼ Intrusive memories are memories for negative autobiographical events that come to mind without being deliberately recalled (Hackmann, Ehlers, Speckens, & Clark, 2004). Previous research has demonstrated that intrusive memories, and negative reactions to intrusive memories, are an important feature of depression (Starr & Moulds, 2006; Williams & Moulds, 2008b) and contribute to the maintenance of depression longitudinally (Newby & Moulds, 2011c). It has also been established that intrusive memory experience is related to individual differences in cognitive control, specifically in proactive interference resolution (Verwoerd, Wessel, & de Jong, 2009; Verwoerd, Wessel, de Jong, Nieuwenhuis, & Huntjens, 2011). The present thesis aimed to extend upon these existing findings, using the Dual Mechanism of Control theory, which distinguishes between proactive and reactive modes of control (Braver, Gray, & Burgess, 2007). Furthermore, in view of some recent ambiguity of the defining feature of an intrusive memory, as compared to a negative involuntary memory more generally (Kvavilashvili, 2014; Moulds & Krans, 2015), another goal of the thesis was to incorporate a wider focus of involuntary memories, rather than focusing only on traditionally studied intrusive memories. Participants from the student population and local community were tested. Overall, results provide some evidence for a negative involuntary memory related deficit in proactive control, on both a classic and an emotional version of the AX-Continuous Performance Task (AX-CPT). Conversely, there was no link between intrusive or involuntary memory experience and reactive control. A brief mindfulness and self-compassion based intervention, designed to reduce negative reactions to intrusive memories, was also tested. The intervention was successful in reducing intrusive-memory distress, and recommendations for the future development of the intervention are presented. Advisors/Committee Members: Dritschel, Barbara (advisor), Jentzsch, Ines (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Intrusive memories; Involuntary memories; Depression; Cognitive control; Dual mechanisms of cognitive control; BF378.I68B4; Involuntary memory; Autobiographical memory; Intrusive thoughts; Cognition; Depression, Mental

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sayan, S. (2016). Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sayan, Stephanie. “Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of St. Andrews. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sayan, Stephanie. “Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control.” 2016. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sayan S. Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of St. Andrews; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655.

Council of Science Editors:

Sayan S. Investigating the link between intrusive memories and cognitive control. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of St. Andrews; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/15655

University of Oxford

5. Porcheret, Kate L. Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581103

► Sleep is a complex process: the timing of sleep is regulated by two systems (the sleep homeostat and the circadian clock) and there are many… (more)

▼ Sleep is a complex process: the timing of sleep is regulated by two systems (the sleep homeostat and the circadian clock) and there are many potential functions of sleep. The aim of this thesis was to investigate: the impact of light on the regulation of sleep timing (study 1) and the role of sleep in emotional processing (study 2). Study 1 used natural variations in environmental light levels at different geographical locations, to examine the influence of daily light irradiance on sleep timing and chronotype using the Munich chronotype questionnaire (MCTQ). 6443 students were included in this study from six universities from the northern and southern hemispheres. Students in southern hemisphere cities had earlier sleep timings than those in the northern cities. Daily irradiance was higher in the southern hemisphere cities. The amount of time spent outside, age and sex, but not daily irradiance, influenced sleep timings. Study 2 explored the impact of an analogue traumatic event (trauma film) in students who were either sleep deprived or not sleep deprived on intrusive memories ("flashbacks"), sleep physiology and the impact of an increased risk of a mood disorder on this relationship. In this study the sleep deprived participants (n=19) reported fewer intrusive memories to the trauma film than those not sleep deprived (n=22). A change in sleep physiology was observed in the first sleep period following the trauma film, which was more pronounced in the sleep deprived group: increased levels of arousal, REM density and activity in the occipital region. Only three participants at-risk of a mood disorder completed study 2: their data are presented as case studies. In conclusion this research has demonstrated that differences in sleep timings exist between cities in the southern and northern hemispheres and has confirmed that many factors can influence sleep timing. It has also been demonstrated that following a highly emotional event not sleeping may have a beneficial effect, which has implications for the treatment of people after trauma.

Subjects/Keywords: 612.821; Neuropsychology; Emotion research; Behavioural Neuroscience; Emotion; Experimental psychology; Memory; sleep; chronotype; sleep deprivation; intrusive memories

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APA (6^th Edition):

Porcheret, K. L. (2012). Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581103

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Porcheret, Kate L. “Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581103.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Porcheret, Kate L. “Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing.” 2012. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Porcheret KL. Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581103.

Council of Science Editors:

Porcheret KL. Sleep and sleep timing in relation to light and emotional processing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2012. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b759244a-c339-4d9f-bd03-e150a5fa1887 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581103

University of Oxford

6. Clark, Ian Alexander. A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Oxford

URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04f72e37-73fe-4347-8af1-8d8852c05f1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595950

► Recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of trauma are a hallmark symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The term ‘flashback’ is used in this thesis to… (more)

▼ Recurrent and intrusive distressing recollections of trauma are a hallmark symptom of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The term ‘flashback’ is used in this thesis to refer to vivid, sensory perceptual (predominantly visual images), emotional memories from a traumatic event that intrude involuntarily into consciousness. Furthermore, intrusive image based memories occur in a number of other psychological disorders, for example, bipolar disorder and depression. Clinically, the presence and occurrence of flashbacks and flashback type memories are well documented. However, in terms of the neural underpinnings there is limited understanding of how such flashback memories are formed or later involuntarily recalled. An experimental psychopathology approach is taken whereby flashbacks are viewed on a continuum with other involuntary autobiographical memories and are studied using analogue emotional events in the laboratory. An initial review develops a heuristic clinical neuroscience framework for understanding flashback memories. It is proposed that flashbacks consistent of five component parts – mental imagery, autobiographical memory, involuntary recall, attention hijacking and negative emotion. Combining knowledge of the component parts helped provide a guiding framework, at both a neural and behavioural level, into how flashback memories may be formed and how they return to mind unbidden. Four studies (1 neuroimaging, 3 behavioural) using emotional film paradigms were conducted. In the first study, the trauma film paradigm was combined with neuroimaging (n = 35) to investigate the neural basis of both the encoding and the involuntary recall of flashback memories. Results provided a first replication of a specific pattern of brain activation at the encoding of memories that later returned as flashbacks. This included elevation in the rostral anterior cingulate cortex, insula, thalamus, ventral occipital cortex and left inferior frontal gyrus (during just the encoding of scenes that returned as flashbacks) alongside suppressed activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (during the encoding of scenes that returned as flashbacks in other participants, but not that individual). Critically, this is also the first study to show the brain activation at the moment of flashback involuntary recall in the scanner. Activation in the middle and superior frontal gyri and the left inferior frontal gyrus was found to be associated with flashback involuntary recall. In the second study, control conditions from 16 behavioural trauma film paradigm experiments were combined (n = 458) to investigate commonly studied factors that may be protective against flashback development. Results indicated that low emotional response to the traumatic film footage was associated with an absence of flashbacks over the following week. The third study used a positive film to consider the emotional valence of the emotion component of the framework. Positive emotional response at the time of viewing the footage was associated with positive involuntary…

Subjects/Keywords: 612.8; Cognitive Neuroscience; Neuropsychology; Psychiatry; Experimental psychopathology; Behavioural Neuroscience; Clinical Neuropsychology; Emotion; Memory; Psychological medicine; Stress; Posttraumatic stress disorder; flashbacks; mental imagery; intrusive memory; autobiographical memory; trauma film paradigm; neuroimaging

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APA (6^th Edition):

Clark, I. A. (2013). A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04f72e37-73fe-4347-8af1-8d8852c05f1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595950

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clark, Ian Alexander. “A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04f72e37-73fe-4347-8af1-8d8852c05f1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595950.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Clark, Ian Alexander. “A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories.” 2013. Web. 17 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Clark IA. A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04f72e37-73fe-4347-8af1-8d8852c05f1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595950.

Council of Science Editors:

Clark IA. A clinical neuroscience investigation into flashbacks and involuntary autobiographical memories. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2013. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:04f72e37-73fe-4347-8af1-8d8852c05f1b ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.595950

University of South Africa

7. Swart, Johanna Catherina. Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults .

Degree: 2018, University of South Africa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25479

► Ekspressiewe skryfwerk (ES) – as ‘n metode van intervensie gemik op fisiese en geesteswelstand van deelnemers – word reeds vir ongeveer drie dekades ondersoek. Klein… (more)

▼ Ekspressiewe skryfwerk (ES) – as ‘n metode van intervensie gemik op fisiese en geesteswelstand van deelnemers – word reeds vir ongeveer drie dekades ondersoek. Klein en Boals beweer met hul 2001-studie dat ES ook ‘n positiewe invloed uitoefen op die werkende geheue van individue. Met die huidige studie word die vraag of hierdie bevinding ook van toepassing is op adolessente en jong volwassenes van Suidelike Afrika ondersoek. Dié projek betrek aanvanklik skoolleerders (N = 44) en eerstejaar universiteitstudente (N = 83) in die Suid-Kaap en met die skryfoefeninge word ‘n komponent bygevoeg by een van die eksperimentele groepe waar kognitiewe insette saam met die emosionele onthulling verlang word. Die studie-resultate toon heelwat teenstrydighede, dog die positiewe invloed van ES op die werkspan word by ‘n goeie aantal eksperimentele groep deelnemers waargeneem. Vorige navorsing dui op ‘n verlaging in die voorkoms van indringer- en vermydingsgedagtes na ES tesame met verbeterde werkspan en hierdie verband word van nader beskou deur die huidige studie. Die moontlikheid dat woordtelling per minuut as informele meting van werkspan aanvaar kan word, sowel as die moontlike verband tussen gemoedsvlak en skryfkondisie word ook met die projek ondersoek.; During the past three decades expressive writing has been in the research spotlight as an effective method of intervention in the improvement of human well-being. In 2001 a study done by Klein and Boals claimed that expressive writing also has a positive influence on the working memory of the student participants. The current study investigates the influence of expressive writing on adolescents and young adults in the Southern Africa context. Solution-focused exercises, together with emotional expression during the writing sessions, add a cognitive component to the intervention which strive to create greater impact on working memory capacity (WMC). Previous research indicate that improvement in WMC goes hand in hand with the reduction in the prevalence of intrusive and avoidant thoughts. During the current project the relationship between working memory and these thoughts is investigated. Additionally the possibility of word count as informal measure for WMC are looked at as well as a possible association between mood level and writing condition. Advisors/Committee Members: Janeke, H.C (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Adolessente; Ekspressiewe skrywe; Gemoedsvlak; Impakgedagtes; Indringer-en vermydingsgedagtes; Jong volwassenes; Kognitiewe inset; Werkende geheue; Werkspan; Woordtelling; Adolescents; Cognitive input; Expressive writing; Impact thoughts; Intrusive and avoidant thoughts; Mood level; Word count; Working memory; Working memory capacity; Young adults

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APA (6^th Edition):

Swart, J. C. (2018). Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults . (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25479

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Swart, Johanna Catherina. “Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults .” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed April 17, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25479.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Swart JC. Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 17]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25479.

Council of Science Editors:

Swart JC. Die invloed van ekspressiewe skryfoefeninge op die werkende geheue van adolescente en jong volwassenes (The influence of expressive writing on the memory of adolescents and young adults . [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25479

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