subject:(halogenation)

University of Illinois – Chicago

1. Zhao, Meng. Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions.

Degree: 2018, University of Illinois – Chicago

► Halogenation chemistry is one the most important transformations in organic synthesis. It has been studied for decades using from the most straightforward, inexpensive elemental halogens… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: halogenation; dichlorination

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhao, M. (2018). Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22628

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhao, Meng. “Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions.” 2018. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22628.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhao, Meng. “Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhao M. Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22628.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhao M. Novel Developments in Halogenation Reactions. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22628

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Manchester

2. Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.

Degree: 2014, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:217896

► Halogenation is an important chemical and biological process in the production of industrially important halogenated compounds. The presence of the halogen enhances the desirable properties… (more)

▼ Halogenation is an important chemical and biological process in the production of industrially important halogenated compounds. The presence of the halogen enhances the desirable properties of many of these compounds. However, production of halogenated compounds chemically often generates by-products that cause environmental pollution and the reactions often lack regio/stereo-selectivity. Biocatalysis have emerged to overcome these issues providing us with a novel technique to produce much greener regio-selective halogenated compounds. The first project involved the study of putative halogenase Ram20 from the ramoplanin biosynthetic gene cluster which is predicted to chlorinate the non-proteinogenic amino acid Hydroxyphenylglycine (Hpg) found at position 17 of ramoplanin. We tried to develop an in vitro system which would allow us to investigate Ram20’s ability to chlorinate Hpg-17. To achieve this we expressed the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) domain of the ramoplanin non-ribosomal synthetases module to which Hpg-17 is tethered, a phosphopantethenyl transferase Sfp required to load the HPG onto the PCP domain and Ram20. Synthetic compounds CoA-Hpg and CoA-SNAC were synthesised separately. Unfortunately, no evidence for chlorination of Hpg could be obtained. The second project involved the study of tryptophan halogenases, with the focus on the flavin dependent halogenases that regio-selectively chlorinate small substrates. The flavin dependent halogenases PrnA, KtzQ, SttH, KtzR and PyrH were produced in E. coli for the first time. The enzymes were assayed with tryptophan and a wider range of aromatic and phenolic substrates. KtzQ failed to show any promising activity, while KtzR could only chlorinate tryptophan. The other halogenases, PrnA, SttH and PyrH, were able to chlorinate a wider range of substrates including tryptophan, kynurenine, anthranilamide, 2-amino-4-methylbenzamide and anthranilic acid. Mutagenesis was performed on PrnA to widen the substrate scope, wherein a mutant F454K was identified that had higher halogenation activity with anthranilic acid compared to that of the wild type. The crystal structure of this mutant bound with FAD and Cl- was obtained. Work was also carried out to identify important residues that govern regio-selective halogenation of these enzymes. In particular, attempts were made to obtain a crystal structure of SttH, a tryptophan-6-halogenase to study the mechanism of regio-selective halogenation at the 6-position. Advisors/Committee Members: Micklefield, Jason.

Subjects/Keywords: halogenation; biocatalysis; biosynthesis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, K. (2014). Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:217896

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. “Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:217896.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. “Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chinnan Velmurugan K. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:217896.

Council of Science Editors:

Chinnan Velmurugan K. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:217896

North-West University

3. Bhengu, Kenneth. Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu .

Degree: 2015, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15161

► This study concerned the synthesis of modified terephthalic acid monomers and branched dialcohols for the synthesis of polyesters with different properties. Monomers were prepared by… (more)

▼ This study concerned the synthesis of modified terephthalic acid monomers and branched dialcohols for the synthesis of polyesters with different properties. Monomers were prepared by esterification of terephthalic acid (TPA) and the alkylation of the ester dimethyl terephthalate (DMT). If alkylation was unsucessful, TPA was brominated using N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and other brominating agents. However, the bromination reactions were also unsuccessful. Therefore, oxidation reactions of 2-bromoparaxylene were conducted as an attempt to obtain the desired monomers, however a mixture of products was produced that were difficult to separate. Subsequently, the brominated TPA was bought, and the alkylation reactions were performed using tetramethyltin and other alkylating agents; however the alkylation reaction was once again unsuccessful. Despite the difficulties encountered during monomer synthesis, polymerization of the obtained monomers was investigated. Polymer synthesised by the technique of condensation polymerization of branched diols and the brominated TPA. The unbranched diol monomers and unsubstituted DMT were used to synthesize reference polymers for comparison with the novel polymers produced in this study. The following diols were used: 1,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, and 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol. A batch reactor equipped with a mechanical stirrer connected to the vacuum pump was used as polymerization vessel. The polyesters were synthesised and they were characterised using IR and NMR. Additional polymer analysis was performed using Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Gel permeation Chromatography (GPC) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results of the analyses indicated that the polymers became flexible and softer with an increasing number of methylene units in the main chain. Consequently, the melting point of the polymer decreased when there was branching present. SEM analyses showed that polymers were softer and had no hard edges, and the SEM also showed the catalyst inside the polymers. The decomposition temperature changed very slightly with alkyl substitution or the presence of bromide in benzene ring. It was concluded that the benzene ring did not become activated as a number of methods were attempted unsuccessfully to facilitate reaction by either alkylation or bromination. The methyl branches on the diols were not held responsible for any changes in the properties of the polyesters. Bromination of the monomers resulted in polymers that were structurally amorphous and that demonstrated a low tensile strength.

Subjects/Keywords: Polyester; Polymerization; Halogenation; Alkylation; Characterisation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bhengu, K. (2015). Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15161

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bhengu, Kenneth. “Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu .” 2015. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15161.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bhengu, Kenneth. “Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu .” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bhengu K. Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15161.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bhengu K. Study the effect of alkyl substitution of monomers on properties of polyesters / Kenneth Bhengu . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15161

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Manchester

4. Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/halogenases-for-biosynthesis-and-biocatalysis(6a0f9c76-aec7-43cb-a124-7d77a606155d).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.771294

► Halogenation is an important chemical and biological process in the production of industrially important halogenated compounds. The presence of the halogen enhances the desirable properties… (more)

▼ Halogenation is an important chemical and biological process in the production of industrially important halogenated compounds. The presence of the halogen enhances the desirable properties of many of these compounds. However, production of halogenated compounds chemically often generates by-products that cause environmental pollution and the reactions often lack regio/stereo-selectivity. Biocatalysis have emerged to overcome these issues providing us with a novel technique to produce much greener regio-selective halogenated compounds. The first project involved the study of putative halogenase Ram20 from the ramoplanin biosynthetic gene cluster which is predicted to chlorinate the non-proteinogenic amino acid Hydroxyphenylglycine (Hpg) found at position 17 of ramoplanin. We tried to develop an in vitro system which would allow us to investigate Ram20's ability to chlorinate Hpg-17. To achieve this we expressed the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) domain of the ramoplanin non-ribosomal synthetases module to which Hpg-17 is tethered, a phosphopantethenyl transferase Sfp required to load the HPG onto the PCP domain and Ram20. Synthetic compounds CoA-Hpg and CoA-SNAC were synthesised separately. Unfortunately, no evidence for chlorination of Hpg could be obtained. The second project involved the study of tryptophan halogenases, with the focus on the flavin dependent halogenases that regio-selectively chlorinate small substrates. The flavin dependent halogenases PrnA, KtzQ, SttH, KtzR and PyrH were produced in E. coli for the first time. The enzymes were assayed with tryptophan and a wider range of aromatic and phenolic substrates. KtzQ failed to show any promising activity, while KtzR could only chlorinate tryptophan. The other halogenases, PrnA, SttH and PyrH, were able to chlorinate a wider range of substrates including tryptophan, kynurenine, anthranilamide, 2-amino-4-methylbenzamide and anthranilic acid. Mutagenesis was performed on PrnA to widen the substrate scope, wherein a mutant F454K was identified that had higher halogenation activity with anthranilic acid compared to that of the wild type. The crystal structure of this mutant bound with FAD and Cl- was obtained. Work was also carried out to identify important residues that govern regio-selective halogenation of these enzymes. In particular, attempts were made to obtain a crystal structure of SttH, a tryptophan-6-halogenase to study the mechanism of regio-selective halogenation at the 6-position.

Subjects/Keywords: 540; halogenation; biocatalysis; biosynthesis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, K. (2014). Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/halogenases-for-biosynthesis-and-biocatalysis(6a0f9c76-aec7-43cb-a124-7d77a606155d).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.771294

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. “Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/halogenases-for-biosynthesis-and-biocatalysis(6a0f9c76-aec7-43cb-a124-7d77a606155d).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.771294.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chinnan Velmurugan, Karthikeyan. “Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chinnan Velmurugan K. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/halogenases-for-biosynthesis-and-biocatalysis(6a0f9c76-aec7-43cb-a124-7d77a606155d).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.771294.

Council of Science Editors:

Chinnan Velmurugan K. Halogenases for biosynthesis and biocatalysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/halogenases-for-biosynthesis-and-biocatalysis(6a0f9c76-aec7-43cb-a124-7d77a606155d).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.771294

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

5. Renkens, Tennie. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.

Degree: MS, 0231, 2012, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

► Changes in the structure of the SW30HR RO membrane exposed to seawater, phosphate buffer, and standard seawater disinfected with monochloramine (NH2Cl) are investigated. Three types… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: reverse osmosis membrane; fouling; halogenation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Renkens, T. (2012). Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Renkens, Tennie. “Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.” 2012. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Renkens, Tennie. “Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Renkens T. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Renkens T. Changes in the structure of SW30HR RO membrane exposed to chloraminated seawater and synthetic solutions. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/31985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

6. Valentino, Lauren. Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane.

Degree: MS, 0231, 2013, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/44784

► There is a need for a more comprehensive understanding of how disinfectants, applied to control biofouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes, react with the polymeric… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: desalination; monochloramine; polyamide halogenation; polysulfone support halogenation; reverse osmosis membrane

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Valentino, L. (2013). Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/44784

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Valentino, Lauren. “Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane.” 2013. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/44784.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Valentino, Lauren. “Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Valentino L. Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/44784.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Valentino L. Structural effects of chloraminated seawater on the SW30HR reverse osmosis membrane. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/44784

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cincinnati

7. Stastny, Angela. Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex.

Degree: PhD, Arts and Sciences: Chemistry, 2018, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523629125459729

► Increasing environmental concerns are motivating efforts to develop and improve the efficiency of chemical reactions carried out in laboratories worldwide. One useful reaction that… (more)

▼ Increasing environmental concerns are motivating efforts to develop and improve the efficiency of chemical reactions carried out in laboratories worldwide. One useful reaction that could be improved upon is the halogenation (chlorination or bromination) of organic and inorganic substrates. Even if a product does not actually contain a halogen, many synthetic processes involve the addition or substitution of a halogen to form useful precursors, such as pharmaceuticals. Practically speaking, in the case of chlorination, excess chlorine typically is used to ensure completion of the reaction. As a result, when the reaction is worked up, excess chlorine is frequently released into the environment, which leads to harmful health and environmental effects. As a greenhouse gas, chlorine and bromine atoms are substantially more efficient than CO₂. This has motivated the development of halogenation methods that do not involve direct treatment with molecular halogen, such as in the case of <i>in situ</i> generation of bromine or chlorine. We have determined the stoichiometry of the chlorine generation reaction involving the reaction of sodium chlorate with aqueous hydrochloric acid. In addition, we have developed a strategy for physically separating the substrate from the chlorate/acid mixture, thereby allowing Cl2 gas to diffuse into the solution containing the substrate. We also have demonstrated that this method can be used to carry out solventless chlorination. In either approach, no purification steps are required, and the only side product is water.Another approach for halogenating olefins is treatment with [Pt(tpy)X3]+ (X=Cl, Br). Although these complexes are relatively easily prepared, surprisingly little is known about their reactivity. A reaction of Br2 with an olefin in the presence of a nucleophilic solvent can lead to the solvent being incorporated into the products. When [Pt(tpy)X2]+ is allowed to react with olefins, the major product is the dibromoalkane. This is attributed to [Pt(tpy)X2]+ (X=Cl, Br) reacting with olefins via a different mechanistic pathway than found for the reaction of Br2 with olefins. Advisors/Committee Members: Connick, William (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry; bromination; chlorination; platinum; olefin halogenation; kinetics; halogenation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Stastny, A. (2018). Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523629125459729

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stastny, Angela. “Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cincinnati. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523629125459729.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stastny, Angela. “Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Stastny A. Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523629125459729.

Council of Science Editors:

Stastny A. Stoichiometric Delivery of Halogens to Substrates and a Study of Selective Bromination of Olefins by a Pt(IV) Complex. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1523629125459729

8. Matheson, Leah J. Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes.

Degree: PhD, 1994, Oregon Health Sciences University

URL: doi:10.6083/M4J9649V ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/135

Subjects/Keywords: Methane; Halogenation; Halogens

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Matheson, L. J. (1994). Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon Health Sciences University. Retrieved from doi:10.6083/M4J9649V ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/135

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Matheson, Leah J. “Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes.” 1994. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon Health Sciences University. Accessed January 18, 2021. doi:10.6083/M4J9649V ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/135.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Matheson, Leah J. “Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes.” 1994. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Matheson LJ. Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon Health Sciences University; 1994. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: doi:10.6083/M4J9649V ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/135.

Council of Science Editors:

Matheson LJ. Abiotic and biotic reductive dehalogenation of halogenated methanes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon Health Sciences University; 1994. Available from: doi:10.6083/M4J9649V ; http://digitalcommons.ohsu.edu/etd/135

University of Alberta

9. Carvalho do Prado, Glaucia H. Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification.

Degree: PhD, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 2015, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/tm70mx969

► Canadian oilsands bitumen contains one of the highest amounts of asphaltenes (16-20 wt %) among all crude oils. Asphaltenes are the lowest value fraction of… (more)

▼ Canadian oilsands bitumen contains one of the highest amounts of asphaltenes (16-20 wt %) among all crude oils. Asphaltenes are the lowest value fraction of bitumen. It differs from the other fractions of bitumen because of its insolubility in paraffinic solvents. Asphaltenes are insoluble in paraffinic solvents because their molecules can aggregate and also because they have high molecular mass, high heteroatom content, and presence of large ring structures. Asphaltenes could be converted into more valuable products by modifying the properties responsible for insolubility in paraffinic solvents. The disaggregation of asphaltenes molecules by different chemical conversions was considered in this study. The objective was to explore new conversion strategies that were not already being applied by industry. The work focused on three conversion pathways: halogenation, Friedel-Crafts alkylation, and donor-acceptor reaction by acid treatment. Halogenation reactions had the objective of weakening π-π stacking of aromatic sheets in asphaltenes. Even though ~5 wt % increase of lighter boiling fractions was observed, the products were harder (penetration hardness). The solubility of asphaltenes in various solvents decreased after halogenation reaction. These changes could benefit road paving applications, but not oil upgrading, althouth it was observed that halogenation could demetalate porphyrins in bitumen and maltenes. In order to gain a better fundamental understanding of the influence of halogenation, hardness and demetalation of porphyrins were investigated with model compounds. The results showed that hardness was caused mainly by increased hydrogen bonding. A 74 % decrease of the nickel content in model compounds was observed due to acid-base and metal-ligand equilibrium disruption by bromine. The work also suggested that chloride salts originally present in bitumen could potentially influence coke chemistry and coke yield during bitumen upgrading. Friedel-Crafts alkylation had the objective of disrupting hydrogen bonding in asphaltenes by removal of alcohol groups or convertion of alcohol groups into ethers. The study employed FeCl3 as catalyst and o-xylene and methanol as alkylating agents, targeting alkylation of alcohols and thiols specifically. Alkylation of asphaltenes with o-xylene resulted in 6 % conversion of asphaltenes to maltenes and an increase of 9 % in straight run distillate and vacuum gas oil. Alkylation of asphaltenes with methanol was not beneficial. Model compounds were used to understand the chemistry and observed results. Alkylation of 2-naphthol showed that the two dominant reactions were dimerization of 2-naphthol and coordination with iron. Alkylation with methanol resulted in chlorination of the product by the catalyst. Alkylation of dibenzyl ether showed that ether bonds were cleaved by FeCl3 catalyst, which was followed by C-alkylation with o-xylene. The slight conversion of asphaltenes into maltenes is better explained by C-alkylation after ether cleavage than hydrogen bonding disruption.…

Subjects/Keywords: asphaltenes; halogenation; acid demetalation; Friedel-Crafts alkylation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Carvalho do Prado, G. H. (2015). Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/tm70mx969

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carvalho do Prado, Glaucia H. “Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/tm70mx969.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carvalho do Prado, Glaucia H. “Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Carvalho do Prado GH. Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/tm70mx969.

Council of Science Editors:

Carvalho do Prado GH. Asphaltenes conversion by chemical modification. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2015. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/tm70mx969

Penn State University

10. Lu, Chengxi. Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides.

Degree: 2014, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/21598

► A new Pd-catalyzed picolinamide-directed halogenation reaction of ortho-C(sp2)-H bonds is discussed. The usage of inexpensive inorganic salt (KBrO3, NaClO3/NaClO2 and KIO3) as halide source and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Pd-catalyzed; C-H activation; Halogenation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lu, C. (2014). Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/21598

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lu, Chengxi. “Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides.” 2014. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/21598.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lu, Chengxi. “Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lu C. Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/21598.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lu C. Palladium-catalyzed Halogenation Of Ortho-c-h Bonds Of Benzylamine Picolinamides And Arylethylamine Picolinamides. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/21598

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Durham University

11. Eberlin, Alex R. Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides.

Degree: PhD, 1995, Durham University

URL: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5282/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283030

► A kinetic investigation into the enolisation mechanism and enol contents of simple carboxylic acids, esters and amides has been undertaken. Measurement of the enolisation rate… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 541; Enolisation, Halogenation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Eberlin, A. R. (1995). Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides. (Doctoral Dissertation). Durham University. Retrieved from http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5282/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283030

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eberlin, Alex R. “Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides.” 1995. Doctoral Dissertation, Durham University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5282/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283030.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eberlin, Alex R. “Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides.” 1995. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Eberlin AR. Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Durham University; 1995. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5282/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283030.

Council of Science Editors:

Eberlin AR. Enol intermediates derived from carboxylic acids, esters and amides. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Durham University; 1995. Available from: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5282/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283030

University of York

12. Perry, Simon James. Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene.

Degree: PhD, 2000, University of York

URL: http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21046/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313866

Subjects/Keywords: 547; Halogenation; Alkenes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Perry, S. J. (2000). Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of York. Retrieved from http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21046/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313866

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Perry, Simon James. “Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene.” 2000. Doctoral Dissertation, University of York. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21046/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313866.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Perry, Simon James. “Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene.” 2000. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Perry SJ. Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of York; 2000. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21046/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313866.

Council of Science Editors:

Perry SJ. Investigation into the functionalisation of polyisobutylene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of York; 2000. Available from: http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21046/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313866

University of Arizona

13. Baker, Ronald Kenneth, 1946-. FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM .

Degree: 1971, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/287719

Subjects/Keywords: Halogenation.; Chemical kinetics.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baker, Ronald Kenneth, 1. (1971). FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/287719

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baker, Ronald Kenneth, 1946-. “FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM .” 1971. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/287719.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baker, Ronald Kenneth, 1946-. “FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM .” 1971. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Baker, Ronald Kenneth 1. FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1971. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/287719.

Council of Science Editors:

Baker, Ronald Kenneth 1. FAST REACTION KINETICS STUDIES WITH A COMBINED COULOMETRIC AND AMPEROMETRIC SYSTEM . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/287719

Montana Tech

14. McIntyre, Craig Richard. THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES.

Degree: PhD, 1975, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9903

Subjects/Keywords: Cellulose.; Halogenation.; Pyrolysis.

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APA (6^th Edition):

McIntyre, C. R. (1975). THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES. (Doctoral Dissertation). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9903

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McIntyre, Craig Richard. “THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES.” 1975. Doctoral Dissertation, Montana Tech. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9903.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McIntyre, Craig Richard. “THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES.” 1975. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McIntyre CR. THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Montana Tech; 1975. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9903.

Council of Science Editors:

McIntyre CR. THERMAL REACTIONS OF HALOGENATED CELLULOSES AND CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF CELLULOSIC WASTES. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Montana Tech; 1975. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9903

Colorado School of Mines

15. Bell, Jacob P. Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Chemistry and Geochemistry, 2014, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/446

► Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are an interesting material for many opto-electronic applications due to their size-tunable optical properties, nontoxicity, abundance, and potential integration into microelectronics.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: silicon; nanoparticle; quantum; halogenation; dots; bromination; Quantum dots; Silicon; Halogenation; Bromination; Nanocrystals

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bell, J. P. (2014). Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/446

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bell, Jacob P. “Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/446.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bell, Jacob P. “Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bell JP. Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/446.

Council of Science Editors:

Bell JP. Surface functionalization of silicon quantum dots for energy sustainable applications. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/446

Penn State University

16. Mitchell, Andrew James. Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases.

Degree: 2017, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14566ajm514

► Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases utilize a non-heme mononuclear Fe(II) cofactor to catalyze oxidative transformations of unreactive aliphatic carbon centers in a wide variety of… (more)

▼ Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases utilize a non-heme mononuclear Fe(II) cofactor to catalyze oxidative transformations of unreactive aliphatic carbon centers in a wide variety of biological substrates. The 2OG cosubstrate allows the enzyme to access the oxidizing potential of molecular oxygen to generate a highly reactive Fe(IV)-oxo (ferryl) intermediate. This species is able to abstract an H-atom from the substrate and, in the most common outcome – hydroxylation – the enzyme subsequently couples the resulting –OH group to a carbon-centered radical on the substrate. Excitingly, the biosynthetic capacity of this platform has expanded to include desaturation, C-O/C bond formation, halogenation, endoperoxidation, epoxidation, stereo-inversion, and even the formation of ethylene. The Fe/2OG oxygenases are considered ideal candidates for biotechnology applications owing to their catalytic diversity, simple and readily available cofactors/cosubstrates, and ability to activate inert C-H bonds. To capitalize on this promise and successfully harness this enzyme scaffold for biotechnology purposes, it is necessary to obtain detailed mechanistic and structural information, particularly for non-hydroxylation systems. The mechanism of –OH installation by the Fe/2OG oxygenases is largely understood. In the non-hydroxylases reactivity likely diverges after the substrate hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) step, resulting in alternate transformation of the carbon-centered radical. It is likely that tight spatial control of the substrate HAT target and the oxygen-derived ligands via interaction with specific active site residues and other components of the Fe coordination sphere are crucial for controlling reaction outcome. Although many Fe/2OG hydroxylases are well-characterized via x-ray crystallography, comprehensive high-resolution structural data for complete enzyme-substrate reactant complexes is lacking for non-hydroxylation systems. Here, we will explore the structural properties of non-canonical Fe/2OG oxygenases, in particular the features that dictate reactivity. A novel set of halogenase crystal structures revealed important active site features for selective catalysis. These findings subsequently allowed for the first successful demonstration of novel halogenation activity from a hydroxylating scaffold. Furthermore, crystallographic snapshots of a hydroxylating system allowed for the visualization of a previously unobserved intermediate and new structural probe for the elusive ferryl species. This work has enabled development of universal hypotheses for control of reaction outcome in these enzymes. Advisors/Committee Members: Amie K. Boal, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Wendy Hanna-Rose, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Carsten Krebs, Committee Member, Joseph M Bollinger Jr., Committee Member, Philip C. Bevilacqua, Outside Member, Squire J Booker, Committee Member, Benjamin D Allen, Special Member.

Subjects/Keywords: metalloenzymes; x-ray crystallography; halogenation; Fe/2OG oxygenases

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mitchell, A. J. (2017). Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14566ajm514

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mitchell, Andrew James. “Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14566ajm514.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mitchell, Andrew James. “Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mitchell AJ. Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14566ajm514.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mitchell AJ. Structural Basis for Alternative Reaction Outcome by the Iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent Oxygenases. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14566ajm514

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

17. Matthews, Megan Leigh. Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 .

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12079

► Effective chemical-synthetic strategies to install functional groups onto unactivated aliphatic carbon centers, often the least reactive positions in organic synthons, are essentially nonexistent, whereas biosynthetic… (more)

▼ Effective chemical-synthetic strategies to install functional groups onto unactivated aliphatic carbon centers, often the least reactive positions in organic synthons, are essentially nonexistent, whereas biosynthetic pathways are replete with such reactions. In the well-established mechanistic paradigm for functionalization of unactivated alkyl groups first set forth for the heme-dependent oxygenases and later extended to non-heme-iron oxygenases such as prolyl-4-hydroxylase (P4H) and taurine:α-ketoglutarate dioxygenase (TauD), the radicaloid oxo ligand of an Fe(IV)-oxo (ferryl) complex abstracts hydrogen (H•) from the aliphatic substrate (R–H), and the resulting hydroxo ligand then "rebounds" to the substrate radical (R•) as HO•. In no case has the Fe–OH/R• state in this two-step process ever been directly detected, leading to the presumption that the rebound step is uniformly faster than H• abstraction. A small but growing number of O2-activating non-heme-iron enzymes have been found to or proposed to employ a derivative mechanistic strategy, in which a ligand coordinated cis to the hydroxo ligand, rather than the hydroxo ligand itself, is transferred as a radical to the R• formed upon H• abstraction by the ferryl complex. The central question regarding this strategy is how the enzymes that employ it promote selective transfer of this ligand radical to the exclusion of the HO• rebound that is so facile in the hydroxylating enzymes. In this work, we addressed this question for the aliphatic halogenase SyrB2, a tailoring enzyme of nonribosomal peptide synthetase machinery discovered by the Walsh group in 2005. Aliphatic halogenation of a protein-tethered amino acid side chain was proposed to occur via transfer of an equatorial-coordinated halogen atom (Cl•) from the Cl–Fe(III)–OH/R• intermediate that resulted from H• abstraction by the preceding chloroferryl [Cl–Fe(IV)=O/R–H] intermediate. This proposal was based on the observations that i) SyrB2 and several other halogenases of this type employ the same cofactor (ferrous iron) and two of the same co-substrates [α-ketoglutarate (αKG) and O2] as the iron- and αKG-dependent hydroxylases (TauD and P4H), and ii) the carboxylate residue that normally serves as a ligand to the iron cofactor in the hydroxylases is replaced in the sequence of SyrB2 by a non-coordinating residue, alanine, and in the coordination sphere by a chloride ion (Cl–), as revealed by the X-ray crystal structure of SyrB2 solved by the Drennan group. Confirmation of the presence of a H•-abstracting haloferryl intermediate in the related halogenase, CytC3, along with previous reports that the enzymes do not also mediate hydroxylation of their substrate in competition with halogenation, raised the intriguing question of how transfer of Cl• to the exclusion of the HO• equivalent was ensured. Using SyrB2 as an ideal model system in which L-threonine appended to the phosphopantetheine cofactor of the carrier protein SyrB1 (Thr) is chlorinated natively during the biosynthesis of… Advisors/Committee Members: J Martin Bollinger Jr And Carsten Krebs, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Carsten Krebs, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, J Martin Bollinger Jr, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Squire J Booker, Committee Member, Philip C. Bevilacqua, Committee Member, Christopher Albert Mullin, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: oxygen activation; carbon-hydrogen bond activation; alpha-ketoglutarate; halogenation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Matthews, M. L. (2011). Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12079

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Matthews, Megan Leigh. “Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 .” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12079.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Matthews, Megan Leigh. “Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 .” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Matthews ML. Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12079.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Matthews ML. Protein Control of Dioxygen Activation, Substrate-Hydrogen Abstraction, and Ligand-Radical-Transfer Outcome in the Aliphatic Halogenase, SyrB2 . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/12079

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

18. Wassink, Lea Katrine Winter. The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines.

Degree: 2019, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98665

►

Even though they are the precursors to boron subphthalocyanines, there are many phthalonitriles that are not commercially available; furthermore their synthesis has never been approached… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biomass Sources; Boron Subphthalocyanines; Halogenation; Methylation; Phthalonitriles; Solar Energy; 0542

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wassink, L. K. W. (2019). The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98665

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wassink, Lea Katrine Winter. “The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98665.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wassink, Lea Katrine Winter. “The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wassink LKW. The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98665.

Council of Science Editors:

Wassink LKW. The Synthesis and Optimization of Non-commercially Available Phthalonitriles and their Pathway to Novel Boron Subphthalocyanines. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98665

University of Illinois – Chicago

19. Martinez, Jenny S. Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates.

Degree: 2018, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23173

► Our group’s main focus has been to answer the question of direct functionalization at the γ-position of cycloalkanones. To this day, countless chemical transformations are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: organic chemistry; chemistry; gamma functionalization; enones; heterocycles; pyridines; halogenation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martinez, J. S. (2018). Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23173

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martinez, Jenny S. “Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates.” 2018. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23173.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martinez, Jenny S. “Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Martinez JS. Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23173.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Martinez JS. Exploiting the Reactivity of Dienes via Electrophilic Addition with Anionic and Radical Intermediates. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/23173

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

20. Yeung, Chi-shun. The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds.

Degree: 2014, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206479

► The photochemistry of several tribromo-compounds, R−CBr3 (R = CH2OH, CH2OC(O)CF3, COOH) have been studied by utilizing nanosecond transient absorption (ns-TA) and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy.… (more)

▼ The photochemistry of several tribromo-compounds, R−CBr3 (R = CH2OH, CH2OC(O)CF3, COOH) have been studied by utilizing nanosecond transient absorption (ns-TA) and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. Femtosecond transient absorption experiments showed that isomer species R−CBr2−Br were formed after excitation of R−CBr3 within several picoseconds. The absorption band of the isomers R−CBr2−Br showed a strong solvent dependence upon changing the solvent from cyclohexane to acetonitrile. The absorption wavelength of the proposed isomer intermediates and the spectral shift in cyclohexane and acetonitrile were consistent and supported by results from time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. The decay of the isomer intermediates were significantly shortened by the presence of water and alcohols which indicated that R−CBr2−Br intermediates are likely to react with water and alcohols. Second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) calculations were employed to investigate the structures and energies of the OH-insertion reactions of R−CBr2−Br when water/alcohol molecules (up to three) were explicitly involved in the reaction complex. The reaction mechanisms examined were found to be dramatically catalyzed by the hydrogen bonding of the water molecules causing the molecule to undergo decomposition. The calculations indicate that the isomer species are able to react with water and alcohol via a water catalyzed OH-insertion/HBr elimination reaction to produce a R−CBr2(OH) product. The ab initio calculations suggested that the R−CBr2(OH) product can undergo a similar water catalyzed reaction mechanism to form R−C(O)Br. The acyl bromide type compounds were also studied using ab initio calculations. The dependence on the substituent group R was found to influence the decomposition pathways that form various final products. The results of the experimental and computational results discussed in this thesis were summarized and some issues were detailed that could be prospects for further study in the future. Advisors/Committee Members: Phillips, DL (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Organohalogen compounds; Halogenation; Photochemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yeung, C. (2014). The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206479

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yeung, Chi-shun. “The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds.” 2014. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206479.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yeung, Chi-shun. “The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yeung C. The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206479.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yeung C. The experimental and AB initio studies of the photolysis of selected tribromo-compounds and the water assisted dehalogenation reactions of selected isotribromo-compounds. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206479

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Georgia Tech

21. He, Jianzhong. Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2003, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5409

Subjects/Keywords: Halogenation; Vinyl chloride; Tetrachloroethane; Trichloroethane

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APA (6^th Edition):

He, J. (2003). Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5409

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

He, Jianzhong. “Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1.” 2003. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5409.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

He, Jianzhong. “Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1.” 2003. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

He J. Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5409.

Council of Science Editors:

He J. Complete reductive dechlorination of chloroethenes to ethene and isolation of Dehalococcoides Sp. Strain BAV1. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5409

22. Ting, Patrick Lu-ping. Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts.

Degree: 1975, North Texas State University

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332807/

The investigation presented is in two parts: a study of the mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes with non-halogenated ketenes and a study of the rearrangements of 8-chloro-8-methylbicyclo {4.2.0} oct-2-en-7-ones.

Subjects/Keywords: ketenes; halogenation; ring formation; chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ting, P. L. (1975). Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts. (Thesis). North Texas State University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332807/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ting, Patrick Lu-ping. “Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts.” 1975. Thesis, North Texas State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332807/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ting, Patrick Lu-ping. “Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts.” 1975. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ting PL. Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts. [Internet] [Thesis]. North Texas State University; 1975. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332807/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ting PL. Mixed dimerizations of halogenated ketenes and chemistry of cycloadducts. [Thesis]. North Texas State University; 1975. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332807/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Rutgers University

23. Sohn, Seo Yean, 1981-. Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Sciences, 2015, Rutgers University

URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48667/

►

Microbial reductive dechlorination of problematic halogenated aromatics was observed in aquatic sediments. Laboratory experiments demonstrated reductive dehalogenation of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and pentachloroaniline (PCA) in anaerobic… (more)

▼

Microbial reductive dechlorination of problematic halogenated aromatics was observed in aquatic sediments. Laboratory experiments demonstrated reductive dehalogenation of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and pentachloroaniline (PCA) in anaerobic microcosms set up with sediment samples originating from different sites (H1 ~ H5) along the Hackensack River, NJ. The dehalogenation products and intermediates were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. HCB was dechlorinated via pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) and 1,3,5-trichlorobenzene (TriCB) to 1,3- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene (DCB), while PCA was dechlorinated via 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroaniline, 2,4,5- and 2,4,6-trichloroaniline, and 2,4-, 2,5-, 2,6-, and 3,5-dichloroaniline, to monochloroaniline. Debromination of hexabromobenzene (HBB) was not observed after up to 12 months incubation. However, when HCB was added as a co-substrate, reductive debromination of HBB occurred with 1,2,3,5-tetrabromobenzene (TeBB) and 1,3,5-tribromobenzene (TriBB) detected at low concentration. Chloroflexi specific 16S rRNA gene PCR-DGGE followed by sequence analysis detected members of the “Pinellas subgroup” of Dehalococcoides mccartyi in H1 sediment. H1 and H5 cultures had different reductive dehalogenase (rdh) gene profiles based on the analysis of a set of 12 rdh genes. Generally, more rdh genes were detected in H1 cultures, corresponding with higher dehalogenating activity and greater abundance of Dehalococcoides species in H1 sediment. Cultures amended with both HBB and HCB had all 12 tested rdh genes. Carbon compound specific isotope analysis (CSIA) was conducted to obtain isotope fractionation data for dehalogenation of HCB, PeCB, 1,2,3,5-TeCB, 1,2,3,5-TeBB, and 1,3,5-TriBB. Strong evidence of isotope fractionation coupled to dehalogenation was not observed, possibly due to the low solubility of the halobenzene substrates and a dilution of the isotope signal. However, we could detect a depletion of the δ13C value in the DCB product from dechlorination of HCB; isotope fractionation of TeCB and the sequential depletion and enrichment of δ13C value for TriCB in TeCB dechlorinating cultures; and the enrichment of δ13C during debromination of TriBB. From this study, we conclude that indigenous anaerobic microorganisms in the Hackensack River, NJ are capable of dehalogenating chloro- and bromobenzenes. Molecular community analyses demonstrated that there are different responsible microbial communities corresponding to the locations of the Hackensack River. A “priming” effect of HCB on HBB dehalogenation was observed. CSIA data for highly halogenated benzenes suggest that it may have application for assessing in situ microbial reductive dehalogenation.

Advisors/Committee Members: Haggblom, Max M. (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Hackensack River (N.Y. and N.J.); Halogenation; Sediments (Geology)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sohn, Seo Yean, 1. (2015). Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48667/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sohn, Seo Yean, 1981-. “Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48667/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sohn, Seo Yean, 1981-. “Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sohn, Seo Yean 1. Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48667/.

Council of Science Editors:

Sohn, Seo Yean 1. Microbial reductive dehalogenation of persistent halogenated aromatic contaminants in sediments of the Hackensack River in New Jersey. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2015. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/48667/

Michigan State University

24. Jaganathan, Arvind. Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules.

Degree: 2014, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3166

►

Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Chemistry 2014.

This thesis details the efforts to discover and develop novel asymmetric halofunctionalization reaction of olefins. Chapter 1… (more)

▼

Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Chemistry 2014.

This thesis details the efforts to discover and develop novel asymmetric halofunctionalization reaction of olefins. Chapter 1 describes the numerous challenges associated with this transformation and the current state of the art in enantioselective alkene halogenation reactions.Chapter 2 describes the development of the first asymmetric halocyclization reaction of unsaturated amides. This reaction has uncovered an unprecedented route to chiral heterocyclic compounds such as oxazolines and dihydro-oxazines. The optimized reaction conditions that employed 1 - 2 mol% of the commercially available (DHQD)2PHAL catalyst and chlorohydantoins as terminal chlorenium sources gave the cyclized products in >95% ee for a wide variety of substrates. A more practical and scalable second-generation protocol that affords comparable or better enantioselectivities was also developed. Chapter 2 also discloses preliminary results for the enantioselective chlorocyclization of unsaturated carbamates; this related transformation was eventually optimized to afford either enantiomer of the oxazolidinone product by a judicious choice of the reaction solvent while employing the same catalyst. Chapter 3 details the development of the first kinetic resolution in a chlorocyclization reaction. The different hydrogen-bonding affinity of the two enantiomers of racemic unsaturated amides for protonated (DHQD)2PHAL catalyst was exploited for enabling this transformation. The same catalyst was shown to mediate two highly enantioselective events in a synergistic fashion- the stereodiscrimination of the two enantiomers and a highly face selective alkene chlorination. Excellent diastereoselectivity (up to 99:1) and enantioselectivities (typically greater than 95% ee) was obtained for the products with 0.5 mol% catalyst loading with selectivity factors of >50 for many substrates. Slight modifications to the optimized conditions could be used for the desymmetrization of meso-dienes and kinetic resolution of racemic propargyl amides via chlorocyclization. Preliminary optimizations for these related transformations are also provided in Chapter 3. Efforts to expand this chemistry to enantioselective C-C bond forming reactions are presented in Chapter 4. A Friedel-Crafts reaction initiated by a chiral chloronium ion was used as a test-bed for developing such a reaction. Extensive optimizations studies that have focused on reaction variables, catalyst structures and substrate structures have led to up to 83% ee for this reaction. A preliminary substrate scope evaluation and kinetic studies are provided for this transformation. Chapter 5 discloses efforts to expand the utility of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for the construction of chiral molecules. Although these efforts were met with limited success, reactivity that was hitherto unknown for cyclic orthoesters was discovered. An unprecedented semi-pinacol rearrangement of cyclic acetoxonium ions was discovered

Description based…

Advisors/Committee Members: Borhan, Babak, Wulff, William, Maleczka, Robert, Smith, Milton.

Subjects/Keywords: Enantioselective catalysis; Halogenation; Ring formation (Chemistry); Alkenes; Chemistry; Organic chemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jaganathan, A. (2014). Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3166

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jaganathan, Arvind. “Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules.” 2014. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3166.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jaganathan, Arvind. “Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jaganathan A. Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3166.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jaganathan A. Development of catalytic, enantioselective halofunctionalization reactions of olefins and the investigation of cyclic orthoesters as synthetic building blocks for chiral molecules. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2014. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:3166

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

New Jersey Institute of Technology

25. Dieng, Lamine Mohamed Kollakoye. Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study.

Degree: PhD, Federated Physics Department, 2004, New Jersey Institute of Technology

URL: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/624

► The recovery of superconductivity in underdoped YBa₂Cu₃O_6+y (YBCO) by exposure to bromine, iodine, chlorine and fluorine is a long-standing problem which has not been… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Superconductivity; YBCO; Bromination; Halogenation; Other Physics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dieng, L. M. K. (2004). Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study. (Doctoral Dissertation). New Jersey Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/624

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dieng, Lamine Mohamed Kollakoye. “Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study.” 2004. Doctoral Dissertation, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/624.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dieng, Lamine Mohamed Kollakoye. “Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study.” 2004. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dieng LMK. Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/624.

Council of Science Editors:

Dieng LMK. Understanding the origin of the recovery of superconductivity in halogenated YBCO single crystal : atomic structure study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2004. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/dissertations/624

Boston University

26. Dai, Chunhui. The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2013, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14127

► Syringolin A, a plant elicitor, was isolated in 1998 and has been identified as a potential anti-cancer compound based on its activity against proteasome. The… (more)

▼ Syringolin A, a plant elicitor, was isolated in 1998 and has been identified as a potential anti-cancer compound based on its activity against proteasome. The unique structure of this natural product consists of a 12-membered diamide ring, formed by two non-proteinogenic amino acids 3,4-dehydrolysine and 5-methyl-4-amino-2-hexenoic acid, and a bis(valinyl)urea side chain which is connected to the macrocycle by a peptide bond. The construction of this challenging macrocylic core was achieved by a macrolactamization reaction using peptide coupling reagents BOP/HOAt, while the two (E)-configured double bonds in the ring were introduced by a Johnson-Claisen rearrangement and Wittig olefination respectively. Ru(bpy)3Cl2 which is an excellent visible light photoredox catalyst, has been extensively applied to organic syntheses in recent years. Although much research has focused on the study of the reductive quenching pathway, the oxidative quenching pathway has rarely been explored. Using persulfate as the electron acceptor, we have successfully developed a protocol for the oxidative functionalization of dialkylamides under mild reaction conditions. Further application has demonstrated a Friedel-Crafts amidoalkylation methodology applying various nucleophilic alcohols and arenes. The reaction can also be conducted under thermolysis condition without the photocatalyst, but requires elevated temperature. Both of the reactions generate N-acyliminium ion in situ as the key intermediate. The first example of photocatalytic halogenation has been achieved at room temperature using Ru(bpy)3Cl2 and polyhalomethanes (CBr4 and CHI3) as the electron acceptors. Excellent yields and high functional group tolerance have been established. Mechanistic studies indicate a single electron transfer (SET) pathway and the transformation is via a Vilsmeier-Haack type intermediate. Further expansion of this methodology to anhydride formation was achieved, providing a mild avenue for the synthesis of symmetric anhydrides. Furthermore, the use of a continuous flow reactor enabled the efficient large scale synthesis of anhydrides.

Subjects/Keywords: Organic chemistry; Friedel-Crafts amidoalkylation; Anhydride; Halogenation; Photoredox; Syringolin A; Visible light

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dai, C. (2013). The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14127

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dai, Chunhui. “The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14127.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dai, Chunhui. “The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dai C. The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14127.

Council of Science Editors:

Dai C. The total synthesis of syringolin A and oxidative photoredox catalysis for C-H and C-O bond functionalizations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/14127

Universitat Rovira i Virgili

27. Palau Lluch, Gerard. alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction.

Degree: Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, 2015, Universitat Rovira i Virgili

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311620

► This thesis presents the results concerning new methodologies towards the obtantion of alpha-functionalized beta-borylated compounds from alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, with no precedent in the litherature.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Borilació; Halogenació; Difuncionalització; Borilación; Halogenación; Difuncionalización; Borylation; Halogenation; Difunctionalization; 54; 546; 547; 6

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APA (6^th Edition):

Palau Lluch, G. (2015). alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction. (Thesis). Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311620

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Palau Lluch, Gerard. “alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction.” 2015. Thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311620.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Palau Lluch, Gerard. “alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Palau Lluch G. alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universitat Rovira i Virgili; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311620.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Palau Lluch G. alpha,beta-difunctionalization of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds through borylation reaction. [Thesis]. Universitat Rovira i Virgili; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/311620

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Rhodes University

28. May, Aviwe Khanya. Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes.

Degree: Faculty of Science, Chemistry, 2018, Rhodes University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63964

► A series of BODIPY dyes have been successfully synthesised and structurally characterised to examine the effect of halogenation at the 2,6-positions and the introduction of… (more)

▼ A series of BODIPY dyes have been successfully synthesised and structurally characterised to examine the effect of halogenation at the 2,6-positions and the introduction of styryl and vinylene groups at the 3,5-positions. The photophysical properties were studied, to assess the effect of the enhancement of the rate of intersystem crossing through halogenation on the fluorescence properties and the generation of reactive oxygen species. This is important in the assessment of the suitability of applying these molecules as photosensitizer dyes for photodynamic therapy and photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy. Upon bromination, the dyes showed moderately high singlet oxygen quantum yields. The inclusion of BODIPY dyes into cyclodextrins was explored since it makes them water soluble and hence suitable for biomedical applications, but no singlet oxygen was detected in aqueous media for the inclusion complexes. In order to red-shift the main spectral band of the BODIPY dyes into the therapeutic window, styryl groups were introduced at the 3,5-positions via a modified Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Since the main spectral band lies well above 532 nm, the second harmonic of the Nd:YAG laser, there is relatively weak absorbance at this wavelength. The 3,5-distyryl and 3,5-divinylene BODIPY dyes were assessed for their potential utility for application in nonlinear optics (NLO), and they demonstrated typical nonlinear absorption behaviour characterised by reverse saturable absorption (RSA) in z-scan measurements. Furthermore, the dyes possess excellent optical limiting parameters, such as their third-order suspectibility and hyperpolarizability values, in a wide range of solvents. One dye containing dimethylamino moieties on styryl groups attached at the 3,5-positions was assessed for potential application as an on/off fluorescence sensor. The dye proved to be successful, since intramolecular charge transfer in the S1 state was eliminated in the presence of acid and this results in a fluorescence “turn on” effect. This process was found to be reversible with the addition of a base.

Subjects/Keywords: Dyes and dyeing – Chemistry; Halogenation; Photochemotherapy; Bromination; Photosensitizing compounds; Nonlinear optics; BODIPY dyes

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APA (6^th Edition):

May, A. K. (2018). Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes. (Thesis). Rhodes University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63964

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

May, Aviwe Khanya. “Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes.” 2018. Thesis, Rhodes University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63964.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

May, Aviwe Khanya. “Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

May AK. Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes. [Internet] [Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63964.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

May AK. Photosensitizer, pH sensing and optical limiting properties of BODIPY dyes. [Thesis]. Rhodes University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10962/63964

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Michigan State University

29. Rahaim, Ronald J. Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups.

Degree: PhD, Department of Chemistry, 2006, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:38147

Subjects/Keywords: Organohalogen compounds; Halogenation; Organic compounds – Synthesis

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rahaim, R. J. (2006). Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups. (Doctoral Dissertation). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:38147

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rahaim, Ronald J. “Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, Michigan State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:38147.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rahaim, Ronald J. “Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups.” 2006. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rahaim RJ. Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Michigan State University; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:38147.

Council of Science Editors:

Rahaim RJ. Application of palladium nanoparticles in the reduction of organic functional groups. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Michigan State University; 2006. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:38147

Michigan State University

30. Yi, Yi (Research scientist). Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization.

Degree: 2018, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16307

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Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Chemistry 2018

My doctorate research work with professor Borhan is mainly focused on developing new asymmetric halofunctionalization reactions. Chapter… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Amides; Compounds, Unsaturated; Halogenation; Catalysis; Asymmetry (Chemistry); Organic chemistry; Asymmetric halofunctionalization reactions

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yi, Y. (. s. (2018). Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yi, Yi (Research scientist). “Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization.” 2018. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yi, Yi (Research scientist). “Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yi Y(s. Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16307.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yi Y(s. Catalytic asymmetric desymmetrisation and kinetic resolution of unsaturated amides via halofunctionalization. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16307

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations