subject:(gut microbiota)

University College Cork

1. Clarke, Siobhan F. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.

Degree: 2013, University College Cork

► The obesity pandemic has become perhaps the most prevalent health issue of our time, with more than 10% of the world’s population now being obese.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Obesity; Gut microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Clarke, S. F. (2013). The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clarke, Siobhan F. “The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.” 2013. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Clarke, Siobhan F. “The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota.” 2013. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Clarke SF. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Clarke SF. The impact of a variety of factors on the obesity associated gut microbiota. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/1554

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

2. Charaslertrangsi, Tumnoon. Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota.

Degree: PhD, Department of Food Science, 2014, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8462

► The present study set up a multi-stage gut simulator (MS-GUTS) system, which was used to study gut microbiota. Analyses of the bacterial communities in Vessels… (more)

▼ The present study set up a multi-stage gut simulator (MS-GUTS) system, which was used to study gut microbiota. Analyses of the bacterial communities in Vessels 4, 5, and 6 that represent ascending colon, transverse colon, and descending colon, respectively, using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) showed that a steady state bacterial community could be established after inoculation of the bioreactor vessels with human faecal material. To develop analytical methods, a mock bacterial community was analysed by DGGE, qPCR and 16S rRNA community profiling methods. Results showed that DGGE is not applicable in quantitative analysis due to the method’s limitation, while qPCR and the 16S rRNA microbiome profiling analysis provided results consistent with that of the expected values. After optimizing the MS-GUTS platform and the analytical tools, two application studies were performed. First, the effect of resveratrol on gut microbiota was investigated. Results showed no statistically significant change to the bacterial groups due to the large variability in gut microbiota’s relative abundance. Two ecological parameters, namely indices of diversity and evenness, were found to be significantly different between before and after experimental treatment in Vessel 4. In the second application study of microbial interactions, the MS-GUTS was used to investigate quorum sensing and gene transfer. Results showed no detection of quorum sensing molecule (autoinducer-2) in the mixed microbial community. In the gene transfer study, an exogenous E. coli O157:H7 carrying a plasmid containing a lux gene was introduced into the system, functioning as a gene donor. Bioluminescence was used to monitor gene transfer. An unknown luminescent bacterium was isolated, and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, as the MS-GUTS is limited by its absence of host tissue component, a proposed modification to include organ baths was attempted. Porcine intestinal tissue segments were integrated into Vessels 3 and 6, representing ileum and descending colon, respectively. Results showed temporary viability of the intestinal tissues of approximately 4-5 h, which challenged the application of the set up. In conclusion, the present study successfully set up the MS-GUTS system as well as performed two application studies to investigate the gut microbiota. Advisors/Committee Members: Griffiths, Mansel (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: multi-stage gut simulator; gut microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Charaslertrangsi, T. (2014). Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8462

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Charaslertrangsi, Tumnoon. “Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8462.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Charaslertrangsi, Tumnoon. “Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota.” 2014. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Charaslertrangsi T. Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8462.

Council of Science Editors:

Charaslertrangsi T. Developing the multi-stage gut simulator system to study gut microbiota. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2014. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8462

University of Otago

3. Krittaphol, Woravimol. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .

Degree: 2011, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

► Selenium plays a major role in the immune system and in decreasing the risk of cancer. Plasma selenium levels are low in patients with certain… (more)

▼ Selenium plays a major role in the immune system and in decreasing the risk of cancer. Plasma selenium levels are low in patients with certain gastrointestinal disorders suggesting a role for the gut microbiota in selenium metabolism and disposition. Probiotic treatment can modulate the gut microbiota but the effect of such treatment on the metabolism of selenium supplements is unknown. The present study investigated the metabolism of L-selenomethionine (L-SeMet) and selenite, commonly used as selenium supplements, by probiotic bacteria in vitro and by rat gut contents ex vivo. The effect of probiotic treatment on the disposition of selenium after oral dosing with L-SeMet and selenite in rats was also investigated. After anaerobic incubation of L-SeMet (0.51 mM) with 10% w/w suspensions of the contents of jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon from male Wistar rats at 37°C for 3 h, L-SeMet metabolism (30%) was greatest in caecum contents followed by colon, ileum and jejunum. Dimethyldiselenide (DMDSe) was produced to the extent of 8.7% of the L-SeMet added and 28.9% of the L-SeMet lost. A similar result was obtained after incubation of selenite (0.58 mM) with metabolism being complete in caecum contents and almost complete in colon. Dimethylselenide (DMSe) (5.7% of the selenite added) was produced accompanied by a red precipitate of elemental selenium. When L-SeMet (0.51 mM) was incubated anaerobically with individual antibiotic-resistant probiotic strains (Streptococcus salivarius K12, Lactobacillus rhamnosus 67B, Lactobacillus acidophilus L10 and Bifidobacterium lactis LAFTI® B94) (1 - 5x1010 cfu/mL) and with a mixture of the four probiotic strains (ca. 3x1010 cfu/mL) at 37°C for 24 h, 10 - 18% was metabolised with 36-80% of L-SeMet being converted to DMDSe and DMSe. In similar incubations with selenite (0.58 mM), metabolism was more extensive (26 - 100%) particularly by the lactobacilli with 0-4.8% of selenite being converted to DMSe and DMDSe accompanied by the formation of elemental selenium. Metabolism of L-SeMet or selenite in incubations with a combination of gut contents and the four probiotic strains indicated some suppression of L-SeMet metabolism and enhancement of selenite metabolism. These results suggest probiotics and gut microorganisms interact in relation to selenium metabolism in the gut. In the in vivo study, three groups of rats (n = 3/group) were given saline or a single oral dose of 2 mg selenium/kg as L-SeMet or selenite by gavage (untreated rats). Another four groups of rats (n = 6/group) were given the same dose of either L-SeMet or selenite (2 mg selenium/kg) at the time of the last dose of treatment with 3 mL of a mixture containing equal numbers of the four antibiotic-resistant probiotic strains (total cell count ca. 1x1010 cfu/mL) or vehicle (a mixture of the lyoprotectants trehalose, maltodextrin and lactitol) every 12 h for three days (treated rats). Blood was collected from five rats in each treatment group over 24 h and serum analysed for selenium along with samples of liver… Advisors/Committee Members: Fawcett, J. Paul (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: selenium; gut microbiota; probiotics; rat

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APA (6^th Edition):

Krittaphol, W. (2011). Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Krittaphol, Woravimol. “Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Krittaphol, Woravimol. “Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies .” 2011. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Krittaphol W. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652.

Council of Science Editors:

Krittaphol W. Influence of the gut microbiota and probiotics on selenium metabolism in the rat: In vitro and in vivo studies . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1652

University of Ottawa

4. Saha, Ria. A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism .

Degree: 2017, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36488

► Background: Recent research showing how dietary interventions substantially influence the potential presence of widespread and stable bacterial core phyla in the human colon has garnered… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Mercury (Hg); Gut Microbiota Transformation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Saha, R. (2017). A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36488

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saha, Ria. “A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism .” 2017. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36488.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saha, Ria. “A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism .” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Saha R. A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36488.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Saha R. A Study of the Effects of Diet on Human Gut Microbial Community Structure and Mercury Metabolism . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36488

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

5. Koppel, Nitzan. Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta.

Degree: PhD, 2018, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41129160

► The human body is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that are increasingly implicated in modulating human health and disease. In particular, the human gut microbiota… (more)

▼ The human body is colonized by trillions of microorganisms that are increasingly implicated in modulating human health and disease. In particular, the human gut microbiota is involved in the metabolism of over fifty pharmaceuticals, yielding metabolites with altered biological properties and toxicities. It has been known for decades that particular isolates of the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta transform the plant-derived toxin and cardiac drug digoxin into the inactive metabolite (20R)-dihydrodigoxin, leading to decreased efficacy in a considerable subset of patients. Recently, the Turnbaugh lab identified the cardiac glycoside reductase (cgr) operon, a digoxin-inducible gene cluster that was predicted to be responsible for digoxin metabolism. In this thesis, we sought to expand our mechanistic understanding of this clinically relevant transformation and investigate its broader implications for gut microbial and human health. Through heterologous expression and in vitro biochemical characterization, we discovered that the E. lenta enzyme Cgr2 is sufficient for digoxin reduction and inactivation. Having validated the cgr2 gene as a biomarker for digoxin reduction, we probed the distribution of this metabolism among E. lenta strains and in the general human population. Using culturing and sequencing analyses, we identified seven additional digoxin-metabolizing strains of E. lenta with remarkable sequence conservation of the cgr2 gene (>98% sequence identity). Metagenomic and qRT-PCR analyses confirmed the high sequence conservation of the cgr2 gene and revealed that cgr2+ E. lenta are widespread, but often low in abundance in the human gut microbiota. We next probed the biochemical mechanism of digoxin reduction by the prevalent Cgr2 enzyme. Using a combination of biochemical, bioinformatic, and spectroscopic techniques, we determined that Cgr2 is a unique reductase that requires an FAD cofactor, harbors oxygen-sensitive, redox-active [4Fe-4S] clusters, and may contain a divalent metal cation center. Although the presence of [4Fe-4S] clusters in Cgr2 was unexpected, these metalloclusters proved to be essential for Cgr2 stability and likely serve a catalytic, electron transfer role. We further identified six cysteine residues that are important for Cgr2 activity and may influence metallocofactor binding. We next explored the evolutionary origins and impacts of digoxin metabolism on E. lenta. Despite the high sequence conservation of the cgr operon, no obvious physiological benefit (e.g. growth advantage) could be linked to this metabolism. We thus investigated whether digoxin is the endogenous substrate of Cgr2 by assessing the activity of this enzyme toward a panel of alternative candidate substrates that may be relevant in the gut. However, Cgr2 metabolism appears to be restricted to digoxin and highly similar cardenolide toxins produced by plants. We thus propose that the cgr pathway may have evolved to protect humans from ingested toxins in an analogous manner to host xenobiotic-detoxifying enzymes. By… Advisors/Committee Members: Balskus, Emily (advisor), Liu, David R. (committee member), Pandelia, Maria-Eirini (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; drug metabolism; biochemistry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Koppel, N. (2018). Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41129160

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Koppel, Nitzan. “Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41129160.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Koppel, Nitzan. “Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Koppel N. Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41129160.

Council of Science Editors:

Koppel N. Characterization of a widely distributed cardiac drug-inactivating enzyme from the human gut bacterium Eggerthella lenta. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2018. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:41129160

Boston University

6. Narvaez, Maria Jose. Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Degree: MS, Medical Sciences, 2018, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/31254

► Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction as well as by repetitive patterns of behavior. It is thought to… (more)

▼ Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction as well as by repetitive patterns of behavior. It is thought to affect 1 in 68 children in the United States, yet researchers do not know what causes it and treatments are primarily focused on alleviating symptoms associated with ASD rather than treating any underlying cause. Various theories have been proposed over the years regarding what causes ASD in the hopes of finding effective treatment options. One of these theories, and the topic of this work, is that the intestinal bacteria play a role in the development of autism. The idea that gut bacteria may play a role in health and disease is one that has been gaining increased interest lately, and this has spread to the field of autism research. Reports of children with ASD suffering from gastrointestinal (GI) issues are widespread, and even the first reports of children with ASD mentioned that some of them experienced GI symptoms or had issues with feeding. While GI symptoms are uncomfortable for any child, they pose special circumstances for those with ASD because these children are likely unable to effectively communicate what they are experiencing. This thesis will first review the prevalence of GI issues in children with ASD as well as discuss studies that have examined if there is a difference between the gut bacteria of children with ASD compared to neurotypical children. As will be shown, many studies have in fact found a significant difference, but these differences vary across studies and a consensus has not been reached. Following this, the link between the gut bacteria and the brain, as well as how this relates to ASD will be discussed. Then, an overview of various treatment studies aimed at targeting the gut bacteria in animal models of ASD as well as in children with ASD will be analyzed. While this field of research is certainly exciting, there is still a lot of work to be done by researchers. For one, the wide range of methodologies used and populations studied introduces variables that could be skewing the results and contributing to the lack of agreement between researchers regarding what bacterial strains might be relevant to ASD. Additionally, just because there is a correlation between certain bacterial strains and ASD does not mean it can be assumed that this is causing the development of ASD in so many children. Nonetheless, the fact that some treatment studies have led to improvements in ASD-related behaviors when targeting the gut bacteria of children indicates that this field of research is worthy of attention and continued support. Advisors/Committee Members: Broder-Fingert, Sarabeth (advisor), Levy, Simon (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiology; Autism; Gut microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Narvaez, M. J. (2018). Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/31254

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Narvaez, Maria Jose. “Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/31254.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Narvaez, Maria Jose. “Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Narvaez MJ. Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/31254.

Council of Science Editors:

Narvaez MJ. Gastrointestinal issues and the role of the gut microbiota in children with autism spectrum disorder. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/31254

University of Cambridge

7. Shao, Yan. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge

URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300650

► Immediately after birth, newborn babies experience rapid colonisation by microorganisms from their mothers and the surrounding environment. Diseases in childhood and later in life are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Human gut microbiota; Microbiome; Metagenomics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shao, Y. (2020). Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300650

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shao, Yan. “Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300650.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shao, Yan. “Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.” 2020. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shao Y. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300650.

Council of Science Editors:

Shao Y. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/300650

Victoria University of Wellington

8. Shortt, Nicholas. Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults.

Degree: 2017, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/9268

► Research into the effect of the gut microbiota on host immune response is continuing to shed new light on the underappreciated role of the microbiota… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; Immune response; Vaccination

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shortt, N. (2017). Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/9268

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shortt, Nicholas. “Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/9268.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shortt, Nicholas. “Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults.” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shortt N. Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/9268.

Council of Science Editors:

Shortt N. Feasibility Study Examining the Association between Gut Microbiota and Immune Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination in Healthy Adults. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/9268

University of Southern California

9. Wang, Shijia. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.

Degree: MS, Biostatistics, 2015, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

► It is widely believed that obesity relates to human gut microbiota. A large number of previous studies have indicated greater ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroides… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: gut microbiota; obesity; diet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, S. (2015). Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Shijia. “Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Southern California. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Shijia. “Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa.” 2015. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang S. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern California; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang S. Association between common taxa in gut microbiota and obesity as well as the influence of diet on these taxa. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern California; 2015. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/625160/rec/960

University of Cambridge

10. Shao, Yan. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge

URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47725 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794654

► Immediately after birth, newborn babies experience rapid colonisation by microorganisms from their mothers and the surrounding environment. Diseases in childhood and later in life are… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Human gut microbiota; Microbiome; Metagenomics

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shao, Y. (2020). Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47725 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794654

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shao, Yan. “Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47725 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794654.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shao, Yan. “Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life.” 2020. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shao Y. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47725 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794654.

Council of Science Editors:

Shao Y. Dynamics of the human gut microbiota in very early life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.47725 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.794654

11. Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.

Degree: PhD, Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 2014, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

► Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Recently, the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression… (more)

▼ Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Recently, the gut microbiota has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of CVD. Experimental evidence suggests that high fat feeding alters the functional composition of the gut microbiota (dysbiosis); leading to increased translocation of the pro-inflammatory, endotoxin, and increased production of the pro-atherogenic, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). Together, these changes are hypothesized to accelerate CVD progression. Conversely, administration of gut microbiota modulating agents, such as antibiotics and probiotics, attenuate high fat feeding induced CVD in rodent models. In humans, the capacity to produce TMAO following L-carnitine or phosphatidylcholine challenges is abolished after receiving broad spectrum antibiotics for a period of one week. However, whether gut modulation over a longer period of time decreases fasting serum endotoxin, fasting plasma TMAO, and CVD risk in response to high fat feeding has been unexplored in humans. To address these issues we conducted a randomized, placebo controlled, parallel group designed, controlled feeding study in healthy, non-obese males receiving the multi-strain probiotic, VSL3 (or placebo), while a consuming a high fat diet for 4-weeks. First, we tested the hypothesis that VSL #3 would attenuate the rise in serum endotoxin and consequent arterial stiffening following high fat feeding in healthy, non-obese males. Second, we tested the hypothesis that VSL #3 would attenuate the rise in plasma TMAO concentrations following high fat feeding in healthy, non-obese males. In contrast to our first hypotheses, serum endotoxin concentrations and arterial stiffness did not change in response to high fat feeding or with VSL#3 treatment. Interestingly, VSL #3 significantly attenuated the increase in body mass (+ 1.4±0.4 vs. +2.3±0.3 kg; P < 0.05) and fat mass (+0.7±0.1 vs. + 1.4±0.3 kg; P < 0.05) following high fat feeding compared to the placebo. In contrast to our second hypothesis, probiotic supplementation did not attenuate the rise in plasma TMAO following high fat feeding. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the prevention of body mass and fat mass gain with VSL#3 supplementation following high fat feeding. In addition, studies are needed to determine whether higher doses of VSL #3, other single or multispecies probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics attenuate the production of the proatherogenic, TMAO. Advisors/Committee Members: Davy, Kevin P. (committeechair), Davy, Brenda M. (committee member), Frisard, Madlyn I. (committee member), Hulver, Matthew W. (committee member), Rivero, Jose M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Probiotics; Arterial Stiffness; gut microbiota

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Boutagy, N. E. (2014). Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. “Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boutagy, Nabil Eskandar. “Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health.” 2014. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Boutagy NE. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834.

Council of Science Editors:

Boutagy NE. Probiotic Supplementation, The Gut Microbiota, and Cardiovascular Health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64834

University of Manchester

12. Glymenaki, Maria. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.

Degree: 2016, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305972

► Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an inappropriate immune response to the gut microbiota and disruption of intestinal homeostasis. IBD patients and experimental animal… (more)

▼ Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an inappropriate immune response to the gut microbiota and disruption of intestinal homeostasis. IBD patients and experimental animal models have consistently shown alterations in the gut microbiota composition. However, these studies have mainly focused on faecal microbiota samples taken after the onset of inflammation and IBD establishment. The colonic microbiota inhabits both the gut lumen and the mucus layer covering the intestinal epithelium. Thus, information about mucus-resident microbiota is not necessarily conveyed in the routine microbiota analyses of faecal samples. To address potential changes in microbial composition and function before the onset of IBD, we compared both mucus and faecal microbiota in the mdr1a-/- spontaneous model of colitis over times that we histologically defined as before onset of colitis, during and after colitis onset. We showed that alterations in microbiota composition preceded the onset of intestinal inflammation and that these changes were evident in the mucus, but not in faeces. This altered microbiota composition was coupled with a reduced inner mucus layer, indicating a compromised mucus barrier prior to colitis development. Upon emergence of inflammation, compositional differences were found in both mucus and faecal microbial communities. Spatial segregation of microbiota with intestinal mucosa was also disrupted on disease onset which we hypothesise contributes to a more severe intestinal pathology. Therefore, our data indicate that microbial changes start locally in the mucus and then proceed to the faecal matter concomitantly with colitis development.Next, we examined whether microbial gene functional potential and endogenous metabolite profiles followed alterations in gut microbiota taxonomic composition. Our findings showed that the microbial gene content was similar between mdr1a-/- mice and wild-type littermate controls, demonstrating stability of the gut microbiome at the face of ensuing gut inflammation. In further support of these findings, urinary metabolite analysis revealed that metabolite profiles were unaffected by intestinal inflammation. Metabolites previously reported to change in IBD were similar between mdr1a-/- and wild-type mice at stages preceding and during inflammation. We also found that changes in metabolite profiles did not correlate with colitis scores. However, metabolite changes could discriminate mdr1a-/- mice from wild-type controls, suggesting they could have value in predicting risk of IBD with a potential clinical use in at least a subset of individuals with MDR1A polymorphisms.To assess whether changes in antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) accounted for observed differences in mucus microbiota composition, we also investigated the expression of regenerating islet-derived protein 3 γ (Reg3γ), angiogenin 4 (Ang4), β-defensin 1 and resistin-like molecule beta (Relm-β) in the colon. We found similar levels of these AMPs as well as IgA-producing plasma cells between mdr1a-/- and wild-type mice,… Advisors/Committee Members: ELSE, KATHRYN KJ, MCBAIN, ANDREW AJ, WARHURST, GEOFFREY G, Else, Kathryn, Mcbain, Andrew, Warhurst, Geoffrey, Cruickshank, Sheena.

Subjects/Keywords: gut microbiota IBD colitis mucus metabolites

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Glymenaki, M. (2016). The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305972

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Glymenaki, Maria. “The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305972.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Glymenaki, Maria. “The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.” 2016. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Glymenaki M. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305972.

Council of Science Editors:

Glymenaki M. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:305972

Cornell University

13. Wong, Chun Nin. Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota.

Degree: PhD, Entomology, 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34219

► Recent advances in high throughput sequencing have provided important insights on the diversity and functional capabilities of gut microbiota in various animals. Despite tremendous sampling… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; Nutrition; Host-microbe interaction

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wong, C. N. (2013). Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34219

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wong, Chun Nin. “Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34219.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wong, Chun Nin. “Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota.” 2013. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wong CN. Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34219.

Council of Science Editors:

Wong CN. Community Dynamics And Nutritional Benefits Of The Drosophila Gut Microbiota. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34219

Australian National University

14. BARRON PASTOR, HELI JAIME. Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions .

Degree: 2015, Australian National University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117702

► Host-microbe interactions are now considered essential for maintaining host health. It is known that short and long term dietary interventions influences the structure and activity… (more)

▼ Host-microbe interactions are now considered essential for maintaining host health. It is known that short and long term dietary interventions influences the structure and activity of gut bacterial communities. However, our understanding of the forces shaping the gut microbiota is still limited and controversial, and most of the studies of the gut microbiota use the microbiota from faeces as a proxy for the intestinal tract populations. As such, the overarching aim of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of host-microbiome interactions using an animal model. In this thesis I describe the effect of diet changes on microbial community structure and host-microbiome interactions following 14 weeks on one of the three experimental diets. The diets consisted of a basal diet low in fibre (LF); the basal diet together with 26 % cellulose; a difficult to ferment fibre (HF); and the basal diet together with 50% dried cooked red kidney beans (B); a diet relatively high in easily fermentable fibre. These diets were fed to 45, 21 day old female Wistar rats originating from 6 litters for 14 weeks. Diet had little effect on rat growth rates or adult body mass. However, diet had profound effects on gastro-intestinal morphology and dynamics. Caecum size was smallest in animals fed the LF diet, and caecums were about 2x as large in animals fed the B diet, while animals on the HF diet had intermediate-sized caecums. Food transit times were slowest in animals on the B and LF diets and fastest in animals on the HF diets. At the end of the diet experiment, colon and caecum contents were collected when the animals were killed and short chain fatty acids, nitrogen, carbon, as well fibre concentrations were determined. These data showed that the ‘chemical’ environment of the hindgut varied substantially among animals fed the different diets. E. coli diversity and dynamics were described by characterizing more than three thousand isolates. E. coli diversity was low, and more than 97% of the isolates were represent by three strains: one phylogroup B2 strain and two phylogroup B1 strains. A decline of the frequency of the B2 strain in the animals fed on the bean diet was observed. The faecal microbiota was characterized when the animals were 21 days old, while faecal, caecal and rectal microbial communities characterized at the end of the experiment. 16S amplicon sequencing of the V4 region on the Ion Torrent platform was the approach used to characterize the microbiota. Members of 23 microbial families were detected in communities of the animals before and after 14 weeks on the experimental diets. At the start of the experiment there were significant litter membership effects on the structure of the faecal microbial communities. After 14 weeks on the…

Subjects/Keywords: gut microbiota; 16 sRNA; dietary fibre

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APA (6^th Edition):

BARRON PASTOR, H. J. (2015). Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions . (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

BARRON PASTOR, HELI JAIME. “Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions .” 2015. Thesis, Australian National University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

BARRON PASTOR, HELI JAIME. “Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions .” 2015. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

BARRON PASTOR HJ. Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions . [Internet] [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

BARRON PASTOR HJ. Gut microbiome in rats: Effects of diet on community structure and host-microbiome interactions . [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/117702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Houston

15. Forouzan, Shadab. Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents.

Degree: MA, Psychology, 2019, University of Houston

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/4637

► Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most frequently used amphetamine-type stimulants in the United States. Individuals who repeatedly abuse MA can develop MA use disorder… (more)

▼ Methamphetamine (MA) is one of the most frequently used amphetamine-type stimulants in the United States. Individuals who repeatedly abuse MA can develop MA use disorder (MuD)—a chronic, relapsing condition often triggered by withdrawal symptoms that develop following cessation of use. Long term abuse MA can result in negative health consequences including extreme weight loss, severe dental problems, malnutrition, confusion, insomnia, mood disturbances, and violent behavior. Importantly, depression and anxiety are key diagnostic characteristics of MA withdrawal in humans. Despite the well-documented dangers of chronic MA use, approximately 1.2 million people reported using MA in the past year. Given the lack of effective treatments for those with MuD, novel therapeutic targets must be considered. One potential target is the gut microbiome, which has an important influence on brain, behavior, and health as a part of the gut-brain axis. The gut microbiome comprises microorganisms and their genomes that reside in the intestinal tract. Therefore, the use of psychobiotics may provide a new way for treatments for drug addiction. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MA administration (2 mg/kg, s.c.) on withdrawal- induced behaviors and in the gut microbiota in male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=8). 16 male rats (60-70 days old) were divided equally into 2 groups: METH and Vehicle (control) groups. Rats in METH group were given twice daily injection of Saline (s.c) for 14 days, during which baseline behaviors (elevated plus maze (EPM) for anxiety-like behavior; forced swim test (FST) for depressive-like behavior) were assessed. Next, rats were given twice daily injections of MA for 14 days, followed by 7 days of withdrawal, during which performance on the Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), Open Field Task (OFT), and Forced Swim Task FST were assessed. Control group were given twice daily injection of Saline (s.c.) for 28 days, followed by 7 days of withdrawal. Fecal collection for microbiome analyses occurred on day 5 of saline administration, day 1, 7, 14 of MA administration, at 24-, 48- and 96-h, and day 7 of withdrawal, during which performance on the EPM, OFT, and FST were assessed. Results indicated that MA withdrawal increased depressive-like behavior, with an increase in immobility time in the FST (p<0.05). Anxiolytic/anxiogenic effects were not observed in either group. We analyzed the gut microbiome composition of each group through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results revealed MA administration and withdrawal significantly changed the relative abundances of several bacterial phyla. Compared to control group, the METH group demonstrated a higher abundance of Firmicutes, Verrumcomicrobia, Actinobacteria, Tenericutes, and Proteobacteria (p <0.05, vs. saline), and lower abundance of Bacteroidetes (p <0.05, vs. saline). At the genus level, Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus were significantly more abundant in the fecal microbiota of METH group than vehicle group during MA administration and early days of… Advisors/Committee Members: Kosten, Therese A. (advisor), Lee, Sunbok (committee member), Meisch, Richard A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Methamphetamine; Gut microbiota; 16S rRNA; Depression; Behaviors

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Forouzan, S. (2019). Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents. (Masters Thesis). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/4637

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Forouzan, Shadab. “Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Houston. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10657/4637.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Forouzan, Shadab. “Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Forouzan S. Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Houston; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/4637.

Council of Science Editors:

Forouzan S. Methamphetamine Exposure and Withdrawal Impact Gut Microbiota and Induce Depressive-Like Behavioral Effects on Rodents. [Masters Thesis]. University of Houston; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/4637

University of Manchester

16. Glymenaki, Maria. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-gut-flora-in-epithelial-barrier-function-and-immunity(6cb0ca1e-06ff-4cd4-a0a1-76ace6af2a55).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701109

► Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an inappropriate immune response to the gut microbiota and disruption of intestinal homeostasis. IBD patients and experimental animal… (more)

▼ Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an inappropriate immune response to the gut microbiota and disruption of intestinal homeostasis. IBD patients and experimental animal models have consistently shown alterations in the gut microbiota composition. However, these studies have mainly focused on faecal microbiota samples taken after the onset of inflammation and IBD establishment. The colonic microbiota inhabits both the gut lumen and the mucus layer covering the intestinal epithelium. Thus, information about mucus-resident microbiota is not necessarily conveyed in the routine microbiota analyses of faecal samples. To address potential changes in microbial composition and function before the onset of IBD, we compared both mucus and faecal microbiota in the mdr1a-/- spontaneous model of colitis over times that we histologically defined as before onset of colitis, during and after colitis onset. We showed that alterations in microbiota composition preceded the onset of intestinal inflammation and that these changes were evident in the mucus, but not in faeces. This altered microbiota composition was coupled with a reduced inner mucus layer, indicating a compromised mucus barrier prior to colitis development. Upon emergence of inflammation, compositional differences were found in both mucus and faecal microbial communities. Spatial segregation of microbiota with intestinal mucosa was also disrupted on disease onset which we hypothesise contributes to a more severe intestinal pathology. Therefore, our data indicate that microbial changes start locally in the mucus and then proceed to the faecal matter concomitantly with colitis development. Next, we examined whether microbial gene functional potential and endogenous metabolite profiles followed alterations in gut microbiota taxonomic composition. Our findings showed that the microbial gene content was similar between mdr1a-/- mice and wild-type littermate controls, demonstrating stability of the gut microbiome at the face of ensuing gut inflammation. In further support of these findings, urinary metabolite analysis revealed that metabolite profiles were unaffected by intestinal inflammation. Metabolites previously reported to change in IBD were similar between mdr1a-/- and wild-type mice at stages preceding and during inflammation. We also found that changes in metabolite profiles did not correlate with colitis scores. However, metabolite changes could discriminate mdr1a-/- mice from wild-type controls, suggesting they could have value in predicting risk of IBD with a potential clinical use in at least a subset of individuals with MDR1A polymorphisms. To assess whether changes in antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) accounted for observed differences in mucus microbiota composition, we also investigated the expression of regenerating islet-derived protein 3 γ (Reg3γ), angiogenin 4 (Ang4), β-defensin 1 and resistin-like molecule beta (Relm-β) in the colon. We found similar levels of these AMPs as well as IgA-producing plasma cells between mdr1a-/- and wild-type…

Subjects/Keywords: 616.3; gut microbiota IBD colitis mucus metabolites

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Glymenaki, M. (2016). The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-gut-flora-in-epithelial-barrier-function-and-immunity(6cb0ca1e-06ff-4cd4-a0a1-76ace6af2a55).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701109

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Glymenaki, Maria. “The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-gut-flora-in-epithelial-barrier-function-and-immunity(6cb0ca1e-06ff-4cd4-a0a1-76ace6af2a55).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701109.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Glymenaki, Maria. “The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity.” 2016. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Glymenaki M. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-gut-flora-in-epithelial-barrier-function-and-immunity(6cb0ca1e-06ff-4cd4-a0a1-76ace6af2a55).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701109.

Council of Science Editors:

Glymenaki M. The role of gut flora in epithelial barrier function and immunity. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2016. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-role-of-gut-flora-in-epithelial-barrier-function-and-immunity(6cb0ca1e-06ff-4cd4-a0a1-76ace6af2a55).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701109

University of Toronto

17. Lin, Zhen. EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE.

Degree: 2018, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102820

►

Flaxseed (FS) is an oilseed rich in α-linolenic acid, lignans, and dietary fiber. Due to this unique composition, FS has potential to affect the health… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: flaxseed; gut microbiota; mammary gland; microRNA; 0570

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, Z. (2018). EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102820

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Zhen. “EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102820.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Zhen. “EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lin Z. EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102820.

Council of Science Editors:

Lin Z. EFFECTS OF FLAXSEED AND ITS COMPONENTS ON THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA AND MAMMARY GLAND MICRORNA SIGNATURE IN FEMALE C57BL/6 MICE. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/102820

Princeton University

18. Leung, Jacqueline M. Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease .

Degree: PhD, 2018, Princeton University

URL: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01kh04ds391

► The vertebrate gastrointestinal tract harbors a diverse and complex community of microbes, known as the microbiota. This ecological community lives in an intimate symbiosis with… (more)

▼ The vertebrate gastrointestinal tract harbors a diverse and complex community of microbes, known as the microbiota. This ecological community lives in an intimate symbiosis with its host, influencing host development, immunity, metabolism, and disease. These microbes also share their habitat with a diverse group of eukaryotes, including protozoa, fungi, and helminths, many of which are well-known parasites. Helminths in particular have co-evolved with vertebrate hosts for hundreds of millions of years and have helped shape the vertebrate immune system and gut microbiota. Thus, vertebrates often require the presence of both the commensal microbiota as well as the gut macrobiota for intestinal immune homeostasis. However, little is still known about the interactions between microbes and helminths in the vertebrate gut and the consequences of these interactions on host health and disease. As increased hygiene, industrialization, and medical interventions continue to lower the diversity and abundances of these intestinal inhabitants in hosts, a clearer understanding of how these communities interact to influence host physiology is needed. In this dissertation, I investigate potential mechanisms driving helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut and the effects these interactions have on host susceptibility to disease. Synthesizing the current literature on helminth-microbiota interactions in vertebrates, I describe how alterations to the physical and immune landscapes of the gut may directly and/or indirectly impact the gut microbial community and infection outcomes. I then investigate helminth-microbe interactions in both mice and humans to uncover how microbes may impact susceptibility to helminth infection, and how helminth colonization and removal in turn influences the commensal and pathogenic communities of the gut. Understanding the mechanisms by which helminths and gut microbes interact in the vertebrate gut can ultimately help predict the impacts these communities have host health and disease and can lead to improved treatments for helminth infections and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota. Advisors/Committee Members: Graham, Andrea L (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Disease ecology; Gut microbiota; Helminth

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Leung, J. M. (2018). Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease . (Doctoral Dissertation). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01kh04ds391

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Leung, Jacqueline M. “Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease .” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Princeton University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01kh04ds391.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Leung, Jacqueline M. “Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease .” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Leung JM. Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Princeton University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01kh04ds391.

Council of Science Editors:

Leung JM. Helminth-microbe interactions in the vertebrate gut: Effects on host health and susceptibility to disease . [Doctoral Dissertation]. Princeton University; 2018. Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01kh04ds391

McMaster University

19. Chen, Yuk Kwan Cassandra. Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice.

Degree: MSc, 2020, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25945

►

The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. Obesity is characterized by increased fat mass and is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity… (more)

▼

The prevalence of obesity is increasing globally. Obesity is characterized by increased fat mass and is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Obesity is associated with hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Currently, the most effective and durable treatment for obesity and its comorbidities is bariatric surgery. Bariatric surgery changes food intake, energy balance and the composition of gut microbiota. Bariatric surgery can lower blood glucose and put T2D into remission. It was unknown if bariatric surgery-induced changes in the gut microbiota was an independent yet sufficient factor to lower blood glucose. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was performed on conventional (specific-pathogen-free, SPF) and germ-free (GF) mice using fecal material obtained from patients before surgery and 12 months after bariatric surgery. We tested FMT into mice from the same patients before and after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSL) and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch (BPD/DS). FMT did not alter body weight, fat mass, glucose tolerance or glucose transporter mRNA expression in all intestine segments in SPF mice. FMT lowered blood glucose during an oral glucose load in GF mice receiving bacteria after VSL and BPD/DS bariatric surgery. Post-BPD/DS surgery FMT decreased Glut1 transcript level in the ileum and increased Glut1 transcript level in the TA muscle of GF mice, but did not change GLUT1 protein levels. Post-BPD/DS surgery FMT also decreased goblet cell count, villus height and crypt depth in the ileum of GF mice. We conclude that changes in the gut microbiota caused by bariatric surgery is a standalone factor that can lower blood glucose and alter gut morphology.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease that involves high blood sugar (i.e. glucose), which can damage many parts of the body leading to serious complications. Diabetes is a growing global problem and is the seventh leading cause of death. Obesity is one of the largest factors leading to type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery reduces obesity and is to date the most effective method to lower blood glucose and reverse type 2 diabetes. Bariatric surgery alters gut anatomy and the types of bacteria that inhabit the gut. Gut bacteria can change obesity and blood glucose levels, but it was not known if the bacterial community present after bariatric surgery was a factor that is sufficient to lower blood glucose. We found that transferring gut bacteria from humans after bariatric surgery into mice lowers the blood glucose and alters the gut barrier structure where food is absorbed. It is not yet clear how this happens, but these findings show that a change in gut microbes is a standalone factor that can alter host blood glucose. Finding the glucose lowering factor in bacteria may be a new treatment to combat type 2 diabetes.

Advisors/Committee Members: Schertzer, Jonathan D., Biochemistry.

Subjects/Keywords: bariatric surgery; gut microbiota; diabetes; blood glucose

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, Y. K. C. (2020). Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25945

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Yuk Kwan Cassandra. “Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice.” 2020. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25945.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Yuk Kwan Cassandra. “Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice.” 2020. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen YKC. Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25945.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen YKC. Bariatric surgery alters the gut microbiota and blood glucose in mice. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25945

University of Melbourne

20. Martínez-López, Lina María. The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system.

Degree: 2018, University of Melbourne

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/216242

► The intestinal microbiota and its associated genome is collectively called the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiome, and is composed of crucial components that help not only to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: canine chronic enteropathy; immunoglobulin; TSLP; gut microbiota

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martínez-López, L. M. (2018). The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/216242

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martínez-López, Lina María. “The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11343/216242.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martínez-López, Lina María. “The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Martínez-López LM. The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/216242.

Council of Science Editors:

Martínez-López LM. The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of chronic enteropathies and their interplay with the immune system. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/216242

University of Tasmania

21. Vemuri, RC. Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing.

Degree: 2019, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/1/Vemuri_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf ; https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/2/Vemuri_whole_thesis.pdf ; Vemuri, RC ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-426X <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X> 2019 , 'Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

► Ageing is characterized by an inevitable, time-dependent decline in physiological functions and adaptive capacity. Specifically, altered gastrointestinal (GI) physiology can affect the nutrient absorption as… (more)

▼ Ageing is characterized by an inevitable, time-dependent decline in physiological functions and adaptive capacity. Specifically, altered gastrointestinal (GI) physiology can affect the nutrient absorption as well as intestinal microbiota. The intestinal microbiota is now considered as a key player in human health and well-being. Apart from host genetics, diet, antibiotic use, sex hormones, and circadian rhythm, age appears to be a vital factor in altering the GI microbial composition. Moreover, the distribution of the microbiota differs according to the location in the GI tract. Thus, imbalances in microbiota or dysbiosis during ageing may not be limited to fecal microbiota and extend to the other parts of the GI tract, especially, the cecum and colon. The age-related imbalances in microbiota may lead to changes in metabolic phenotype and may influence the development of the mucosal immune system. Given the potential for microbiota to change with age and its influence on host metabolism and immune system, modulation of microbial composition offers an opportunity to promote digestive health. Probiotics are natural, safe and beneficial modulators of the gut microbial composition and metabolic phenotype. Dietary supplementation of probiotics in all age groups has yielded promising outcomes. However, to be classified as a probiotic, a dietary compound must survive GI transit, adhere to the intestinal epithelium and demonstrate immune-modulatory effects. Therefore, the overall aim of the study was to understand microbial changes in ageing mice to provide dietary mechanisms utilizing probiotics to promote gut health. However, to confer any health benefits, probiotics need to survive through the hostile environment of the digestion process in sufficient numbers (at least 10(⁷) colony forming units (CFU)), tolerating acids, bile, and pancreatic digestive enzymes, and finally, adhere to the intestinal epithelium in the colon. The objectives of this study were (i) to evaluate the in in vitro efficacy of different probiotics strains, (ii) to examine whether the role of Lactobacillus acidophilus DDS-1 can modulate the host metabolic phenotype under the condition of age-affected gut microbial shifts in young and ageing C57BL/6 mice, (iii) to investigate the effect of L. acidophilus DDS-1 supplementation on cecal and mucosal-associated microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and immunological profiles in young and ageing C57BL/6J mice. This thesis consists of seven chapters. Chapter 1 is an overall introduction to the rationale of the research, hypothesis, and aims of the research project. Chapter 2 is a review and critique of the literature and summarises the role of microbiota on the human lifecycle. Chapter 3 is a critical and systematic review of potential therapeutic interventions such as antibiotics, probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation for dysbiosis in the ageing population. Chapter 4 provides information on in vitro probiotic efficacy parameters including digestion simulation, adhesion to colonic cells…

Subjects/Keywords: Gut microbiota; Ageing; Metabolism; Immune response

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vemuri, R. (2019). Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/1/Vemuri_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf ; https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/2/Vemuri_whole_thesis.pdf ; Vemuri, RC ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-426X <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X> 2019 , 'Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vemuri, RC. “Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing.” 2019. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/1/Vemuri_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf ; https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/2/Vemuri_whole_thesis.pdf ; Vemuri, RC ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-426X <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X> 2019 , 'Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vemuri, RC. “Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Vemuri R. Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/1/Vemuri_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf ; https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/2/Vemuri_whole_thesis.pdf ; Vemuri, RC ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-426X <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X> 2019 , 'Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vemuri R. Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2019. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/1/Vemuri_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf ; https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31885/2/Vemuri_whole_thesis.pdf ; Vemuri, RC ORCID: 0000-0002-3238-426X <https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-426X> 2019 , 'Investigation on the utilization of beneficial microbes in modulating the gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in ageing', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Louisiana State University

22. Hird, Sarah Michelle. Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference.

Degree: PhD, 2013, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04112013-150610 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3458

► Genetic data are frequently responsible for biological insight and recent advances in sequencing technology (high-throughput sequencing; HTS) have created massive DNA-sequence based datasets. While these… (more)

▼ Genetic data are frequently responsible for biological insight and recent advances in sequencing technology (high-throughput sequencing; HTS) have created massive DNA-sequence based datasets. While these technologies are invaluable, there are many analytical and application issues that need to be addressed. With these data we can ask and answer novel biological questions that were previously inaccessible. One major challenge in applying HTS to biological questions is data management: the file formats and sizes are foreign to many primary researchers. In the second and third chapters of this dissertation, I introduce two pieces of software that allow researchers to utilize HTS with minimal time investment. PRGMATIC (Chapter 2) is a pipeline that collates raw HTS data into a more traditional and useable format: two diploid alleles for a given locus. LOCINGS (Chapter 3) uses these loci, the alignments from which the loci were called and demographic data to display and output important summary statistics. This program also reformats appropriate loci into three widely used biological file formats. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on a novel application of HTS to phylogeographic inference. The collective set of microbial organisms on and inside vertebrates (the microbiota) is a vast genetic resource that is poorly understood. What factors shape these communities? Chapter 4 uses an avian brood parasite (Brown-Headed Cowbird) to naturally decouple parental genetics and early environment. Cowbird gut microbiota do not cluster with each other in multivariate space. They also do not strongly affiliate with host species. Age and sampling locality are most strongly associated with the gut microbiota. Chapter 5 looks for host taxonomic and spatial signals in a more broadly sampled dataset of 60 species sampled across Costa Rica. Here, host taxonomy is most significantly associated with gut microbiota and ecological variables like host diet and foraging strata are secondarily important. Together, these chapters present novel tools and uses of HTS for evolutionary inference. The two programs, PRGMATIC and LOCINGS, allow primary researchers to utilize HTS easily. The two bird datasets, cowbirds and Costa Rican birds, demonstrate how analyzing the microbiota with HTS can provide and address novel evolutionary questions.

Subjects/Keywords: bioinformatics; high-throughput sequencing; gut microbiota

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hird, S. M. (2013). Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference. (Doctoral Dissertation). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04112013-150610 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3458

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hird, Sarah Michelle. “Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Louisiana State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. etd-04112013-150610 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3458.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hird, Sarah Michelle. “Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference.” 2013. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hird SM. Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: etd-04112013-150610 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3458.

Council of Science Editors:

Hird SM. Novel computational tools and utilization of the gut microbiota for phylogeographic inference. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Louisiana State University; 2013. Available from: etd-04112013-150610 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_dissertations/3458

Louisiana State University

23. Escoto Sabillon, Martha M. Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota.

Degree: MS, Food Microbiology, 2017, Louisiana State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4332

► Cocoa is the fully fermented and dried seed of the cacao tree (Theobroma cacao L.) which has prebiotic properties, due to their high concentration… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cocoa; alkalization; gut microbiota; polyphenols; Firmicutes; Bacteriodetes

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Escoto Sabillon, M. M. (2017). Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4332

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Escoto Sabillon, Martha M. “Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4332.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Escoto Sabillon, Martha M. “Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota.” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Escoto Sabillon MM. Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4332.

Council of Science Editors:

Escoto Sabillon MM. Interaction of Cocoa Powder with Intestinal Microbiota. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4332

University of Sydney

24. Palacios Campaña, Talia. Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus .

Degree: 2017, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17923

► Abstract Background: Shifts in the gastrointestinal microbiome have been shown to contribute to the progression of metabolic diseases including prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus.… (more)

▼ Abstract Background: Shifts in the gastrointestinal microbiome have been shown to contribute to the progression of metabolic diseases including prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Research suggests that in vivo modulation of the gut microbiome by specific probiotic microorganisms may improve insulin sensitivity and blood sugar management, preventing or delaying the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, further research is needed to understand the effect of probiotics as a therapy for the treatment of metabolic diseases. The overall aim of this thesis was to develop and assess the efficacy of an evidence-based multi-strain probiotic in vitro and in vivo. This probiotic was developed to encourage a shift in the gastrointestinal microbial cohort from a disease-prone to a balanced state with the aim of improving metabolic markers associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Three studies were conducted to assess this aim. Study 1 (Chapter 2) is a systematic review of randomised clinical trials to identify the probiotics with the greatest anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects and consequently develop a multi-strain probiotic. Study 2 (Chapter 3) describes a series of in vitro experiments that investigate the effect of metabolites in the supernatant from the multi-strain probiotic on glucose uptake and lipid accumulation in muscle cells and adipocytes. Study 3 (Chapter 4) describes a double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study aimed to assess the effect of the multi-strain probiotic on metabolic and inflammatory markers and the intestinal microbial profile of participants with obesity, prediabetes and recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results and discussion: Study 1 found that a multi-strain probiotic containing L. bulgaricus, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, B. breve, B. bifidum, B. lactis, S. thermophilus and Saccharomyces boulardii might have anti-obesity, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. Study 2 found the supernatant from this probiotic decreased lipid accumulation in adipocytes and partially restored glucose uptake in insulin resistant skeletal muscle cells. Study 3 found the multi-strain probiotic did not decrease blood glucose levels, however it did improve insulin sensitivity, gut permeability and the production of gut microbial-derived metabolites in participants recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and produced a beneficial shift in the intestinal microbial profile of those taking metformin. Conclusion: Intentional manipulation of beneficial microbes and microbial-derived metabolites in the intestine using an evidence-based multi-strain probiotic may be useful in managing insulin resistance.

Subjects/Keywords: gut microbiota; prediabetes; probiotics; type 2 diabetes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Palacios Campaña, T. (2017). Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17923

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Palacios Campaña, Talia. “Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus .” 2017. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17923.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Palacios Campaña, Talia. “Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus .” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Palacios Campaña T. Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17923.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Palacios Campaña T. Probiotics in the prevention and management of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17923

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Sydney

25. Somerville Glover, Ella Grace. Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes .

Degree: 2017, University of Sydney

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18684

► Obesity, insulin resistance and associated metabolic disorders are reaching epidemic proportions worldwide with more than a billion individuals overweight and over 300 million clinically obese.… (more)

▼ Obesity, insulin resistance and associated metabolic disorders are reaching epidemic proportions worldwide with more than a billion individuals overweight and over 300 million clinically obese. Easy access and availability to energy-dense diets and sedentary lifestyle choices have led to increased obesity since 1980 in Australia and several parts of the world, including in some of the developing countries.«br /» Gut microbiota is a major component that can make a significant impact on our health and has been linked to obesity, insulin resistance and progression to type 2 diabetes. The modulation of gut microbiota holds significant therapeutic potential to treat this globally growing epidemic. We assessed the changes in gut microbiota in two different animal models of obesity and diabetes. First, in the Thrifty rat model (Hardikar A et al «em»Cell Metabolism«/em» 2015), we identified that multigenerational undernutrition is associatded with reduced SCFA-producing bacteria and transition to a normal diet (Recuperation group) leads to increased SCFA producing bacteria in the gut. The Recuperation group showed a microbiome closer to the Control group rats. These and related studies from the Hardikar lab that were not a part of my Master’s thesis identified the beneficial effects of short chain fatty acids –producing bacteria in metabolic health. We therefore assessed the potential of SCFAs in treating existing obesity using a high fat diet (HFD) mouse model. These studies confirmed that oral supplementation of SCFAs can be a possible therapy. Although SCFA supplementation did not change body weight post intervention, the composition of the microbiome showed increased SCFA producers in treated vs placebo-HFD-fed mice. Intriguingly, though SCFA intervention did not lead to reduction in body weight, these mice were seen to be insulin sensitive as compared to the HFD placebo-mice. «br /» This work represents a small part of a larger study from the Hardikar lab that is aimed at understanding molecular mechanisms underlying epigenetic regulation of obesity and type 2 diabetes. The present work demonstrates that i) multigenerational undernutrition leads to changes in gut biota, but restoration of a normal diet improves the proportion of SCFA-producing bacteria; and ii) SCFA therapy improves insulin sensitivity following oral administration in high-fat diet fed obese mice. These studies demonstrate the need to further explore the role of SCFAs in treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Subjects/Keywords: Gut Microbiota; SCFA's; Diabetes; Obesity; Sequencing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Somerville Glover, E. G. (2017). Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes . (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18684

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Somerville Glover, Ella Grace. “Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes .” 2017. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18684.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Somerville Glover, Ella Grace. “Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes .” 2017. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Somerville Glover EG. Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18684.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Somerville Glover EG. Assessing the role of gut biota in obesity and diabetes . [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18684

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Wright State University

26. Mehta, Trupthi. Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2018, Wright State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535384558865901

► Recent studies have increasingly established the role of gut microbiota in human health and disease. Diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, colon cancer, cardiovascular disease… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiology; Bioinformatics; Biochemistry; gut microbiota; fermentable nutrients

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mehta, T. (2018). Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition. (Masters Thesis). Wright State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535384558865901

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mehta, Trupthi. “Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Wright State University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535384558865901.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mehta, Trupthi. “Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mehta T. Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Wright State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535384558865901.

Council of Science Editors:

Mehta T. Availability of Fermentable Nutrients Affect Gut Microbiota Composition. [Masters Thesis]. Wright State University; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1535384558865901

27. Lauer Júnior, Cláudio Marcos. Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus.

Degree: 2019, Brazil

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/204436

► A microbiota intestinal pode ser composta por organismos procarióticos, eucarióticos e vírus. Esta microbiota é adquirida durante o desenvolvimento de seu hospedeiro. A composição da… (more)

▼ A microbiota intestinal pode ser composta por organismos procarióticos, eucarióticos e vírus. Esta microbiota é adquirida durante o desenvolvimento de seu hospedeiro. A composição da microbiota intestinal pode proporcionar informações sobre o modo de vida dos hospedeiros, a alimentação, os parasitas e períodos com restrição de alimentos. Até o momento, poucos estudos avaliaram a microbiota intestinal de animais selvagens relacionando a idade e sexo em suas condições naturais. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo gerar dados sobre a microbiota intestinal de animais selvagens recolhidos ao longo do litoral do Rio Grande do Sul. Esta tese apresenta dois capítulos em forma de artigos, sendo o primeiro a avalição da microbiota eucariótica intestinal de lobo-marinho-sulamericano (Arctocephalus australis) e lobo-marinho-subantártico (Arctocephalus tropicalis). Para tanto, cinco as amostras de fezes de lobo-marinho-sul-americano (n = 2) (A. australis) e lobo-marinho-subantártico (n = 3) (A. tropicalis) foram submetidas à extração de DNA. O DNA extraído das amostras foi analisado por meio do sequenciamento parcial do gene de 18S rRNA utilizando a plataforma de alto desempenho Ion Torrent PGM. Os resultados mostraram que a microbiota eucariótica presente nas fezes dos lobos-marinhos era dominado pelo filo Chordata (51,28%) seguido por Nematoda (23,93%) e Platyhelminthes (11,74%). No geral, foi verificado que as comunidades eucarióticas encontradas eram heterogêneas entre os animais. O segundo capítulo, investiga a microbiota bacteriana presente na cloaca do pinguim-de-Magalhães (Spheniscus magellanicus). As amostras foram coletadas com suabes cloacaes de 20 pinguim-de-Magalhães (S. magellanicus). As amostras dos pinguins foram divididas em seis pools de DNA, subsequentemente dividos em dois grupos de animais classificados como sub-condicionados (3 pools de DNA) e como caquéticos (3 pools de DNA) conforme suas massas corpóreas. As amostras de DNA do pinguim-de-Magalhães foram submetidas ao sequenciamento parcial do gene de 16S rRNA na plataforma Illumina MiSeq. Os resultados revelaram que o filo Proteobacteria era predominante em ambos os grupos de pinguins subcondicionados e caquéticos (53.70% e 44.70%), seguido por Firmicutes (16.30% e 23.70%) e Bacteroidetes (17.20% e 16.30%), Actinobacteria (9.10% e 9.80%), respectivamente. Os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas entre ambos os grupos. O perfil metabólico apresentou como as vias mais proeminentes em ambos os grupos: a biossíntese aminoácidos (19.76% e 19.90%), carboidratos (19.04% e 18.99%), metabolismos de cofatores e vitaminas (13.80% e 13.50%) metabolismo energético (12.82 e 12.97%), porém não foram verificadas diferenças significativas entre os dois grupos avaliados. Esta pesquisa forneceu informações para futuros trabalhos sobre a microbiota eucariótica e procariótica nesses hospedeiros. Além disso, identificaram-se complexas comunidades de habitantes do intestino tanto de lobos-marinhos quanto de pinguins selvagens, este estudo também… Advisors/Committee Members: Frazzon, Ana Paula Guedes.

Subjects/Keywords: Microbiota; Intestinos; Fauna marinha; Gut; Wild animals

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lauer Júnior, C. M. (2019). Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brazil. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/204436

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lauer Júnior, Cláudio Marcos. “Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Brazil. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/204436.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lauer Júnior, Cláudio Marcos. “Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lauer Júnior CM. Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brazil; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/204436.

Council of Science Editors:

Lauer Júnior CM. Caracterização da microbiota intestinal de Arctocephalus australis, Arctocephalus tropicalis e Spheniscus magellanicus. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brazil; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/204436

University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

28. Olsson, Lisa. Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota.

Degree: 2020, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/63278

► Altered gut microbiota configurations have been linked to human diseases. To identify mechanistic links between altered gut microbiota and disease states, definitions of the healthy… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: dynamics; ecology; gut microbiome; gut microbiota development; microbiota; richness; Prader-Willi Syndrome; stability; variation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Olsson, L. (2020). Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota. (Thesis). University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2077/63278

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Olsson, Lisa. “Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota.” 2020. Thesis, University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/63278.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Olsson, Lisa. “Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota.” 2020. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Olsson L. Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/63278.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Olsson L. Development and dynamics of the normal gut microbiota. [Thesis]. University of Gothenburg / Göteborgs Universitet; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2077/63278

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University

29. Francella, Cassandra. Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development.

Degree: MSc, 2019, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24894

►

The human gut and brain have a bidirectional communication that has shown to play a pivotal role in our health and disease. Literature has shown… (more)

▼

The human gut and brain have a bidirectional communication that has shown to play a pivotal role in our health and disease. Literature has shown that microbiota composition and diversity can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, contributing to shaping an individual’s microbial composition. The current work includes analysis of the microbiome of several mouse models to better understand how gene-environmental interactions during early development can influence the composition of microbiota within the gut. Here, male and female mice from several strains (C57BL/6, Balb/C, FVB, CD1) and genetically modified mice including T-cell receptor knock out mice (TCRβ-/-δ-/-) and Fragile-X-mice (FMR1-KO) were exposed to early life stressors including lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection on postnatal day 3 (P3) and/or overnight maternal separation on P9. Fecal samples were collected at P24 and microbiota composition was determined by amplifying the 16s rRNA gene variable 3(v3) region and sequenced using the MiSeq Illumina platform. DADA2, was used to analyze this data in R software. Among the group, strain was found to be significant among alpha and beta diversity metrics while sex and stress were found to contribute to within strain variation, which demonstrated that both genetic and environmental factors are important in shaping an individual’s microbial composition. Secondly, we also explored the role of gut microbiota on the development of the immune system in TCRβ-/-δ-/- and C57BL/6 mice. Mice that lack T-lymphocytes were found to have a lower alpha diversity, as well as separated from their wild-type controls by beta diversity. Several bacterial taxa were found to be influenced by the immune system, demonstrating a bidirectional communication between the gut and T-cells. Lastly, the influence of litter, an environmental factor on microbial composition was explored within inbred mouse strains, C57BL/6 and Balb/C. Litter was found to influence alpha diversity, in which litters among C57BL/6 exhibited the greatest variation in such diversity. Beta diversity was also found to be influenced by litter, as related litters were found to cluster together. Differences in bacterial taxa between the inbred strains were observed and a subset of those taxa were found to be influenced by litter. Hierarchical clustering and co-occurrence analysis revealed different clusters of co-occurring taxa between both strains. These findings demonstrate that environmental factors can contribute to influence the composition of microbiota.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Advisors/Committee Members: Foster, Jane, Neuroscience.

Subjects/Keywords: Gut Microbiota; Neurodevelopment; Gene-Environment; Stress; Gut-Brain Axis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Francella, C. (2019). Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24894

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Francella, Cassandra. “Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development.” 2019. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed April 14, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24894.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Francella, Cassandra. “Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development.” 2019. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Francella C. Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24894.

Council of Science Editors:

Francella C. Factors Influencing Microbiota Diversity and Composition During Early Postnatal Development. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/24894

University of Miami

30. Jeffrey, Elisabeth Sarah. Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Medicine), 2018, University of Miami

URL: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/726

► Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition that can result in a spectrum of neurological impairments and physical disabilities. There is an… (more)

▼ Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious medical condition that can result in a spectrum of neurological impairments and physical disabilities. There is an average of 11-12,000 new injuries per year in the US alone, and no cure for either the paralysis, or other secondary effects. Although there have been significant strides made in the research of the pathophysiology of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), there is still limited knowledge on the consequences of SCI in remote organs. SCI produces significant effects on the entire body including the gastrointestinal tract. Individuals with SCI often experience severe, debilitating bowel dysfunction in addition to their physical disabilities, which is of major concern due to the adverse effect on their quality of life. The aim of the studies reported in this thesis was to further understand the Gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in individuals with SCI and to start to identify the role and relationship of the gut microbiota, inflammation, fungi, and their associated signaling and small molecules. This project was developed based on the hypothesis that SCI causes both local and system inflammatory states which persist long-term, resulting in sustained disturbance of gut microbiota and fungi. This dysbiosis would include altered signaling and secretion of small molecules evidenced by a broad range of GI dysfunction and potentially contributing to other systemic dysfunctions such as autonomic and immune dysfunctions. The gut microbiome is now accepted as a determinant of human health and as such an area of intense research, especially in chronic diseases of the GI tract. However, so far there have been very limited research reports on bowel dysfunction in patients with SCI. In fact, only 1 study has been done in humans reporting alterations in gut microbial patterns in stool samples of adult chronic SCI patients. Further, another study has examined the effect of gut dysbiosis in a mouse model of SCI but only as it pertains to functional recovery of the cord injury, not systemic or secondary organ effects. In this thesis, by employing a SCI rat model of cervical and thoracic injury we examined the effects of SCI on gastrointestinal transit, permeability, and integrity, pro- inflammatory cytokines, and bacterial quorum sensing communication to characterize the state of the GI tract in an animal model. Then, preliminary results of a human study allowed for comparison with microbiota changes, analysis of inflammation, short chain fatty acids, and bacterial quorum sensing combined with fungal species. These data provide a greater understanding of the effects of SCI on the gastrointestinal tract, highlighting the need for further investigation to elucidate the mechanism underlying these effects. Further, this study demonstrates proof of concept of ability to reliably characterize GI dysfunction on multiple levels in individuals with SCI on a large scale by the creation of a biorepository of physiological samples from these patients, with the goal to understand the mechanism of the GI… Advisors/Committee Members: Sapna Deo, Sylvia Daunert, Eleonore Beurel.

Subjects/Keywords: spinal cord injury; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; gastrointestinal dysfunction

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jeffrey, E. S. (2018). Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury. (Thesis). University of Miami. Retrieved from https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/726

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jeffrey, Elisabeth Sarah. “Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury.” 2018. Thesis, University of Miami. Accessed April 14, 2021. https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/726.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jeffrey, Elisabeth Sarah. “Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury.” 2018. Web. 14 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Jeffrey ES. Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 14]. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/726.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jeffrey ES. Investigation of Spinal Cord Injury-Induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction and Related Microbiota, Fungal, and Intestinal Alterations in a Rat Model and Humans with Spinal Cord Injury. [Thesis]. University of Miami; 2018. Available from: https://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/726

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations