subject:(forest)

Technical University of Lisbon

1. Caetano, Miguel Álvares Lupi. A certificação florestal como instrumento político.

Degree: 2011, Technical University of Lisbon

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4201

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Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia

Forest certification is a voluntary market-based instrument that emerged in the 1990’s.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest policy; forest certification; forest management; sustainability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Caetano, M. �. L. (2011). A certificação florestal como instrumento político. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4201

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Caetano, Miguel Álvares Lupi. “A certificação florestal como instrumento político.” 2011. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4201.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Caetano, Miguel Álvares Lupi. “A certificação florestal como instrumento político.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Caetano M�L. A certificação florestal como instrumento político. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4201.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Caetano M�L. A certificação florestal como instrumento político. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4201

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Helsinki

2. Omoro, Loice M A. Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Tropical Resources Institute (VITRI), 2012, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37634

► Although forest ecosystems are crucial for human survival they are constantly under threat from human interventions and natural disasters which reduce their capacities to effectively… (more)

▼ Although forest ecosystems are crucial for human survival they are constantly under threat from human interventions and natural disasters which reduce their capacities to effectively provide ecosystem services. As populations increase, incidences of forest encroachments become frequent to affect the provision of the services. The objective in this study was to assess some ecosystem benefits and to determine how the local communities used and value them. The benefits assessed were floristic diversity; biomass and soil organic carbon densities; and suitability of indigenous tree species for forest rehabilitation based on soil properties in four different forest types, indigenous and plantations of cypress, eucalypt and pine in Taita Hills, Kenya. The perceptions of local community regarding how they use and value these benefits were also assessed. The conceptual framework was based on the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Sampling design was based on a US Forest Service model used in the indigenous forests. For each forest area and forest type, a minimum of four plots were randomly selected and a total of 77 plots from 38 groups were sampled. In each plot, all juvenile trees of 5 cm or more in diameter at breast height were sampled for floristic diversity, biomass carbon stock and vegetation-soil relationship assessments. Soils were sampled at, 0-20 and 20-50 cm, for chemical and physical analyses to determine the soil organic carbon densities and vegetation-soil relationships. Tree species diversity, carbon densities derived from biomass and soil data were analyzed quantitatively. A qualitative analysis was done for the socio-economic part of the study, from data obtained using selected participatory rural appraisal tools and semi-structured questionnaires. Biodiversity analyses were accomplished using the Shannon-Weaver s Index. to assess the tree species composition. Tree biomass was estimated from allometric functions developed for tropical forests while soil organic carbon stocks were computed as a product of the analyzed carbon contents and bulk density values estimated using a pedotransfer function and measured particle size. Soil-vegetation relationships were determined by Principal Component Analysis, using CANOCO 4.5 software. The statistical analyses were accomplished by use of three versions of SPSS software for Windows (15, 16 and 20). The study established that indigenous forest was more diverse than plantations and regeneration of indigenous species significantly higher in exotic plantations of the most disturbed area than in the less disturbed areas. Some indigenous species correlated with sodium, phosphorus, carbon, pH and soil texture while some had no correlation with soil variables. Factors unrelated to soil variables, namely gaps were found to be important for the emergence and early establishment of seedlings. Total biomass C densities were generally higher in indigenous forest than in some exotic plantations, especially the cypress. Indigenous forest also had higher soil carbon stocks than…

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Ecology; Forest Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Omoro, L. M. A. (2012). Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37634

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Omoro, Loice M A. “Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37634.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Omoro, Loice M A. “Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Omoro LMA. Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37634.

Council of Science Editors:

Omoro LMA. Impacts of indigenous and exotic tree species on ecosystem services : Case study on the mountain cloud forests of Taita Hills, Kenya. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/37634

University of Helsinki

3. Pearson, Meeri. Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences; Finnish Forest Research Institute, Parkano Unit, 2013, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/39063

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This dissertation investigated the impacts of soil preparation after clearcutting Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest on thick-peated soil from silvicultural and climatic standpoints. Three… (more)

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This dissertation investigated the impacts of soil preparation after clearcutting Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) forest on thick-peated soil from silvicultural and climatic standpoints. Three growing seasons after outplanting, mounding most effectively secured seedling survival, growth, and vitality through improved soil aeration of the planting spot. However, other presumed benefits of mounding to seedlings such as warmer soil temperatures and faster organic matter decomposition were not confirmed here. Regeneration in scalps was unsuccessful due to waterlogged soil. Importantly when scalping, only the humus layer should be scraped off without creating depressions in the peat. Seedling tolerance to desiccated as well as waterlogged peat soil over one growing season was remarkable in controlled conditions. The impact of drought, however, was more immediate and severe as root and shoot growth, fractional colonization of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and root hydraulic conductance were reduced. Nevertheless, maintenance of rather high photochemical efficiency (expressed as variable to maximal chlorophyll fluorescence, Fv/Fm) especially in current-year needles despite harsh drought seemed to indicate a potential for seedling recovery. Polyamine analysis also revealed that new needles are preferred in protecting the different parts of the seedlings against drought stress. Wet-stressed seedlings, on the other hand, exhibited few signs of suffering. It was also demonstrated how the experimental environment a controlled versus field setting influences seedling tolerance to stress. The differing moisture levels within comparable microsites dry vs. wet scalps and ditch vs. inverted mounds had little influence on seedling growth and condition although physiological upset (i.e., Fv/Fm) was evident within scalps. Namely, the wetter the soil was, the lower Fv/Fm was. The fear of soil preparation accelerating GHG emissions, particularly CO2, from peat into the atmosphere appears unwarranted at least on nutrient-poor, boreal forestry-drained peatland sites. The overall climatic impact of soil preparation, in the forms of mounding and scalping, three years after application expressed in terms of CO2 equivalents (100-year GWP), was neutral compared to leaving soil unprepared. The core findings of this research support mounding as the best alternative on nutrient-poor, drained peatland sites when the goal is to maximize the regeneration success of Scots pine after clearcutting with minimal impact on soil GHG emissions. In the future, development of soil preparation methodology is particularly deserving of further attention. While it may not be the sexiest research topic in the worldwide rat race of the modern day, it is nonetheless of substantial importance in a country highly specialized not only in the utilization but also the rejuvenation of wood resources on drained peatlands. Keywords: forestry-drained peat soil, clearcutting, mounding, scalping, CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes, drought and waterlogging stress

Tutkimuksessa…

Subjects/Keywords: forest ecology; forest ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pearson, M. (2013). Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/39063

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pearson, Meeri. “Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/39063.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pearson, Meeri. “Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Pearson M. Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/39063.

Council of Science Editors:

Pearson M. Maximizing peatland forest regeneration success at lowest cost to the atmosphere: Effects of soil preparation on Scots pine seedling vitality and GHG emissions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/39063

University of Helsinki

4. Raffaello, Tommaso. Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, 2013, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41049

► The basidiomycete white-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (s.l.) is a species complex comprising five species considered to be the most economically important pathogens of… (more)

▼ The basidiomycete white-rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato (s.l.) is a species complex comprising five species considered to be the most economically important pathogens of conifer trees in the northern hemisphere. The infection of new wood substrate is mediated by basidiospores, which land on the stump surface of a felled tree. After spore germination, the fungal mycelia actively colonise the stump and spread to new healthy trees by root-to-root contact. To start a new infection cycle, H. annosum s.l. must counteract the adverse environmental factors (abiotic stresses) at the stump surface. Moreover, active wood degradation requires the ability to detoxify the high levels of fungistatic and fungitoxic compounds (such as phenolics) that naturally accumulate in the tree wood tissue as a defence against pathogen attack. The availability of the genome sequence of the H. irregulare species allowed us to investigate the conservation of the intracellular pathways that are responsible for the abiotic stress response and cellular adaptation and proliferation. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model organism in which many of these pathways have been well characterised, we annotated all the conserved components of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in H. irregulare, namely, those involving the pheromone FUS3/KSS1, the high osmolarity gene HOG1, the cell integrity gene MPK1, calcium/calcineurin signalling, and the cAMP pathway. To better understand the H. annosum sensu stricto (s.s.) adaptation during abiotic stress and wood degradation, we investigated the general transcriptional profiles under several abiotic stresses (osmotic, oxidative, temperature, and nutrient starvation) and during growth on different pine woody materials (pine bark, sapwood, and heartwood). The results for abiotic stresses indicated the activation of genes involved in signalling (for example, protein kinase and transcription factors during starvation) but also genes involved in toxic substance detoxification and membrane transporters (cytochrome P450 and Major Facilitator Superfamily, MFS-1, respectively, in cold stress). During saprotrophic growth on different pine wood materials, a dramatic induction of several glycosyl hydrolase (GH) genes was observed. Some of these genes (for example, GH61) were specifically induced, mainly in pine heartwood, while others demonstrated less tissue specificity and were generally expressed during saprotrophic growth in all woody materials. During saprotrophic growth on pine lignocellulose material, several genes involved in lignin degradation, such as multi-copper oxidases (MCOs) and oxidoreductases, were also strongly induced. The central MAPK of one of the pathways involved in adaptation to abiotic stress (the HOG pathway) was further characterised. The H. annosum s.s. HaHOG1 gene was cloned and functionally studied to investigate its role in osmotic and oxidative stress response in this fungus. The HaHOG1 gene restored the function of the homologous HOG1, and the protein…

Subjects/Keywords: forest Sciences; forest Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Raffaello, T. (2013). Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41049

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Raffaello, Tommaso. “Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41049.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Raffaello, Tommaso. “Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Raffaello T. Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41049.

Council of Science Editors:

Raffaello T. Pathogenomics of the Heterobasidion species : Functional analysis of the HaHOG1 MAP kinase. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41049

University of Helsinki

5. Tesemma, Mesele Negash. The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Tropical Resources Institute (VITRI), 2013, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41758

► Agroforestry systems integrate trees into agricultural landscapes and provide a number of ecosystem services. Studies on agroforestry systems have so far mainly focused on their… (more)

▼ Agroforestry systems integrate trees into agricultural landscapes and provide a number of ecosystem services. Studies on agroforestry systems have so far mainly focused on their spatial design, food production, soil fertility management and system interactions, and little attention has been given to their ecosystem services, such as biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. The objectives of the study were to determine and evaluate the floristic diversity, the above- and below-ground biomass carbon (C) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, and the litterfall production and associated C and nitrogen (N) fluxes of three indigenous agroforestry systems in south-eastern Rift valley escarpments, in Gedeo, Ethiopia. Three indigenous agroforestry systems studied were Enset (Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman), Enset-coffee, and Fruit-coffee. C stocks in biomass and soil (0 60 cm layer) (Mg C ha-1) were determined for each agroforestry system, and litterfall collected for seven woody species for a period of 12 months. Allometric equations were derived to estimate the biomass of enset and coffee while published allometric equations were used to determine the biomass of other tree and shrub species. The biomass values were then converted into C stocks. A total of 58 woody species, belonging to 49 genera and 30 families were recorded. Of all woody species identified, 86% were native. The Enset and Enset-coffee systems contained the highest proportion native woody species (92% and 89%, respectively). In all, 22 native woody species were recorded as of interesLyhennelmät for conservation using International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red lists and local criteria. The square power equation using stump diameter at 40 cm (d40), Y = b1d402 (R2 > 0.80) and the power equation using d10 (diameter at 10 cm height) and height, Y=b1d10b2hb3 (R2 > 0.90) were found to be the best for predicting aboveground biomass of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) and total biomass of enset, respectively. The agroforestry C stock (biomass C plus SOC) was the highest for the Enset-coffee system (293 Mg C ha-1) and the lowest for the Enset (235 Mg C ha-1) system. Biomass (above- and belowground) C stocks were the highest for the Enset-coffee system (116 ±65 Mg C ha-1), followed by Fruit-coffee (79 ±24) and Enset (49 ±44) systems. Trees (fruit and non-fruit) formed 81, 89 and 80% of total biomass C stocks for Enset, Enset-coffee and Fruit-coffee agroforestry systems, respectively; the remainder being coffee, enset, litter, herbaceous plants, and fine root biomass. SOC to biomass C ratios were 4:1 for the Enset system, 2:1 for Fruit-coffee system, and 1.5:1 for the Enset-coffee system. Monthly litterfall production per unit crown area decreased in the order: Croton macrostachyus Del. > Erythrina brucei Schweinf. > Cordia africana Lam. > Persea americana Mill. > Mangifera indica L. > Coffea arabica L. > Millettia ferruginea (Hochst.) Bak. The annual litterfall production (sum of seven species) averaged 7430 kg ha-1(land area) for the…

Subjects/Keywords: forest Ecology; forest Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tesemma, M. N. (2013). The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41758

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tesemma, Mesele Negash. “The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41758.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tesemma, Mesele Negash. “The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Tesemma MN. The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41758.

Council of Science Editors:

Tesemma MN. The indigenous agroforestry systems of the south-eastern Rift Valley escarpment, Ethiopia: Their biodiversity, carbon stocks, and litterfall. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/41758

University of Helsinki

6. Petty, Aaron. Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences; Metsäteho, Vantaa, Finland, 2014, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/43033

► The production of energy wood from small-diameter (DBH < 9 cm) forests in Finland through separate energy wood and integrated energy wood and pulpwood production… (more)

▼ The production of energy wood from small-diameter (DBH < 9 cm) forests in Finland through separate energy wood and integrated energy wood and pulpwood production often face cost pressures that inhibit economic viability of many operations. Systemic factors, such as small stem sizes, limited removals, and high density of young forest stands limit the efficiency of many operations resulting in low productivity and high operating costs, particularly within cutting operations. Within the study, means to increase efficiency and mitigate costs of small-diameter energy wood and integrated energy wood and pulpwood operations by identifying optimal methods, technologies, and policy that may be applied were investigated. Studies of integrated and delimbed stemwood cutting methods including the use of multi-tree handling and combined timber assortments in forest stands with stem size (DBH) of removals varying between 5-17 cm were investigated and compared against separate pulpwood production. Findings suggest that the methods provide increases in productivity and decreases in costs, particularly in < 11 cm DBH conditions. Crane scale measuring was investigated as a technical solution in timber logistics to be applied in energy wood and industrial roundwood procurement. The measuring method, used as a basis of payment, was found to provide a reliable, accurate, and cost effective method when compared with a manual timber pile measurement system. Policies, in the form of financial incentives were investigated to determine the effects of applicable subsidies on the profitability of energy wood production based on stem size of removal, finding possibilities for profitable operations with reduction in subsidies, however, with stem sizes (DBH) of removal ≤ 7 cm incentives played an important role in increasing profitability. Cost reductions were identified through: The utilization of integrated and delimbed stemwood harvesting methods with multi-tree handling, decreasing harvesting costs by 0.1-52.4% dependent on stem size (DBH) of removal between 7-17 cm when compared to a traditional pulpwood harvesting method; Combining timber assortments providing harvesting cost reductions between 1.5-8.0% between 5-17 cm; Crane scale measurement use provided increased accuracy and a 18.2-45.5% reduction in costs when compared to a manual timber pile measurement system when dependent on estimated working volumes between 20,000-30,000 cubic meters; Financial incentives under the PETU system were applied increasing profit margins of integrated supply chain operations by 14.3-19.9% dependent on stem size of removal, particularly with stem size of removals between 5-7 cm. Through rationalization of supply chains, harvesting methods, technologies, and policy which exhibit the ability to reduce costs should be utilized throughout the whole supply chain where implementation is possible. Keywords: Energy wood production, integrated forest operations, supply chain profitability, productivity, small-diameter forest stands, subsidies, crane scale…

Subjects/Keywords: forest sciences; forest sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Petty, A. (2014). Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/43033

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Petty, Aaron. “Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/43033.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Petty, Aaron. “Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Petty A. Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/43033.

Council of Science Editors:

Petty A. Opportunities for cost mitigation and efficiency improvements through rationalization of small-diameter energy wood supply chains. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/43033

University of Helsinki

7. Manavakun, Nopparat. Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, 2014, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/45087 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.177

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The eucalyptus has recently become important to the timber supply in Thailand, especially for the pulp industry. The demand for raw material is continuously increasing,… (more)

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The eucalyptus has recently become important to the timber supply in Thailand, especially for the pulp industry. The demand for raw material is continuously increasing, but the harvesting techniques continue to rely on old-fashioned methods of harvesting, which are motor-manual and labour-intensive operations. These harvesting operations typically provide relatively low productivity and are time consuming. This study addressed the timber harvesting potential in Thailand: the average productivity, which tasks are ineffective work phases, and how the work performance can be improved. Therefore, the study was conducted to comprehend the existing timber harvesting systems as a whole, to compare the alternatives and to explore improvements in forest harvesting systems in Thailand through work study, working postures analysis, and simulation. Work study allowed the researcher to understand in detail the conventional harvesting systems and obtain information regarding work activities and time allocations. Harmful tasks and awkward working postures were evaluated by working posture analysis. Simulation allowed the researcher to examine the impact of changing harvesting systems. The study confirmed that motor-manual operations have a rather low production rate compared to intermediate and fully mechanized harvesting techniques, which are applied in other parts of the world. The most unproductive work phase is cross-cutting, and further research should pay attention to this work phase. According to the working postures analysis, the most problematic working postures found for manual tasks included stacking, delimbing, and loading. Simulation findings suggested that reorganization of job sequences is one major possibility for improving productivity. Log length and tree size also have a significant effect on overall productivity. Further research should consider enhancing the system with partial mechanization, such as farm tractors, skidders and multi-tree-handling harvesters. Education and training are also important measures to increase not only work performance, but also to improve work safety.

Thaimaalaiselle puunhuollolle eucalyptuksen saatavuus on muodostunut hiljattain tärkeäksi, erityisesti selluloosateollisuudelle. Raaka-aineen tarve nousee jatkuvasti, mutta korjuu menetelmät pohjautuvat edelleen vanhanaikaisiin, työvoimavaltaisiin korjuumenetelmiin. Tämä menetelmä pohjautuu paikalliseen osaamiseen ja eikä vaadi suurta taloudellista panostusta, jolloin myös tuloksena on suhteellisen alhainen tuotannon aste. Tämän tutkimuksen tavoitteena on esitellä vaihtoehtoja korjuumenetelmien suhteen thaimaalaisissa olosuhteissa ja lisäksi myös parantaa työntekijöiden hyvinvointia. Tutkimuksessa on vertailtu olemassa olevan puunkorjuun menetelmää vaihtoehtoisiin menetelmiin ja etsiä parannuksia puunkorjuuseen Thaimaassa. Tutkimustulosten mukaan työvoimavaltaisella menetelmällä on varsin alhainen tuottoaste verrattuna osittain koneellistettuun tai täysin koneellistettuun tekniikkaan, mitkä ovat käytössä muualla maailmassa.…

Subjects/Keywords: forest Technology; forest Technology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Manavakun, N. (2014). Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/45087 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.177

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manavakun, Nopparat. “Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/45087 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.177.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manavakun, Nopparat. “Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand.” 2014. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Manavakun N. Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2014. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/45087 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.177.

Council of Science Editors:

Manavakun N. Harvesting operations in eucalyptus plantations in Thailand. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/45087 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/df.177

University of Helsinki

8. Alam, Syed Ashraful. Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Tropical Resources Institute (VITRI), 2013, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38140

► Understanding the carbon (C) sequestration potential of drylands requires knowledge of the stocks of C in soils and biomass and on the factors affecting them.… (more)

▼ Understanding the carbon (C) sequestration potential of drylands requires knowledge of the stocks of C in soils and biomass and on the factors affecting them. The overall aim of the study was to determine and evaluate the variation in the C stocks and water balance of Acacia savannah woodlands across the dryland (arid and semi-arid) region (10-16 ºN; 21-36 °E) of the former Sudan (now mainly in the Republic of the Sudan) and how they are related to climatic factors and may be affected by climate change. The role played by small but numerous brick making industries on woodland deforestation in the region and greenhouse gas production was also investigated. The study region is often referred to as the gum belt because it is the world s major source of gum Arabic, which is harvested from Acacia trees. The soils in the centre and west of the region are mainly Arenosols (sandy soils) and those in the eastern part are mainly Vertisols (clay soils). The soils are C poor and often in a degraded state. This dissertation consists of a summary section and four articles (Study I, II, III and IV). Study I focuses on fuelwood consumption by the brick making industries (BMIs) and associated deforestation and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In Study II the C densities (g C m-2) of the woodland tree biomass and soil (1 m) for 39 map sheets covering the study region were determined from national forest inventory data and global soil databases and the dependence on mean annual precipitation (MAP) and mean annual temperature (MAT) determined. The water balance of savannah woodlands for the same 39 map sheets was modelled in Study III and the variation in water balance components across the region evaluated. The potential impacts of climate change on woodland biomass C density and water-use (actual evapotranspiration, AET) was analysed for eight of the map sheets in Study IV. Sudanese BMIs consume a considerable amount of fuelwood that mainly comes from unsustainably managed woodland and contributes to deforestation and GHG emissions (Study I). While GHG emissions from BMIs only account for a small part of Sudan s total GHG emissions, the associated deforestation and land degradation is of concern. Implementation of better regulation, use of biomass fuel from sustainable sources and technological improvement in BMIs kilns will reduce deforestation and GHG emissions. Savannah woodland C densities, both biomass and soil, were low and clearly below potential C sequestration capacity (Study II). The loss of trees across the region was indicated by very low biomass C density values in comparison to modelled NPP (net primary production) values. The estimated SOC densities although low, were higher than reported in some recent soil C studies from the region. This was attributed to the use of old data in the global soil database and indicates the degree of land degradation and loss of SOC that has taken place over the last few decades. However, in spite of woodland and soil degradation, biomass C and SOC densities remained positively and…

Subjects/Keywords: forest Sciences; forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alam, S. A. (2013). Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38140

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alam, Syed Ashraful. “Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38140.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alam, Syed Ashraful. “Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Alam SA. Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38140.

Council of Science Editors:

Alam SA. Carbon stocks, greenhouse gas emissions and water balance of Sudanese savannah woodlands in relation to climate change. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38140

University of Helsinki

9. Rantala, Salla. The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, Viikki Tropical Resources Institute; University of Helsinki, Department of Political and Economic Studies, Development Studies, 2013, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38294

►

Tropical forests are subject to global conservation efforts, while at the same time they are of direct value for local livelihoods in the developing world.… (more)

▼

Tropical forests are subject to global conservation efforts, while at the same time they are of direct value for local livelihoods in the developing world. Failure to reconcile conflicting global and local interests has led to situations where the costs of both forest loss and conservation are borne most heavily by those least able to afford them. Subsequently, conservation approaches have evolved from fully exclusionary ones (i.e. protected areas) to approaches involving local participation in forest management and efforts to mitigate livelihood losses or create social benefits from conservation. This study contributes to understanding how positive and negative social impacts of different forest conservation policies are distributed within forest adjacent communities in Tanzania, and what kind of governance practices may be associated with the observed outcomes. Through a mix of qualitative and quantitative social research methods, Studies I and II assessed the impacts and processes of compensated displacement from a forest protected area, the Derema corridor. Studies III and IV compared the outcomes and practices of Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) to expectations of increased equity and effectiveness of forest management in the context of democratic decentralization in the same landscape. The results suggest that the negative impacts of displacement from the Derema corridor were most felt by women and the poorest segments of the affected communities, due to restricted access to production resources and a failure to access monetary compensation for the lost assets. A minority of better-off farmers emerged as relative winners by accessing considerable compensation and investing in improved livelihoods. The outcomes were conditioned by the procedures followed, marked by unpreparedness and disruptions in the presence of the implementing agencies, as well as the limited agency of local actors, especially women, in negotiations over the conditions of conservation and compensation. The limitations of monetary compensation for conservation-induced human displacement are discussed. As a result of CBFM, forest tenure security of local village communities has increased, but strict village forest rules preclude livelihood benefits, while some villagers have incurred costs from land appropriation for village forest reserves. The outcomes of forest rights devolution in the East Usambaras may be seen as path-dependent institutional reproduction that follows the previous exclusionary models of forest conservation. Enhanced deliberative processes, access to accountability measures, and increased awareness of procedural rights are central issues for improving CBFM equity and sustainability.

Trooppisten metsien suojelua perustellaan maailmanlaajuisesti tärkeillä arvoilla kuten luonnon monimuotoisuuden säilyttäminen. Samalla metsät ovat myös tärkeitä paikalliselle toimeentulolle kehittyvissä maissa. Kun paikallisia ja globaaleja arvoja ei onnistuta yhteensovittamaan metsien suojelussa, syntyy ristiriitoja kehityksen ja…

Subjects/Keywords: forest Sciences; forest Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rantala, S. (2013). The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38294

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rantala, Salla. “The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38294.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rantala, Salla. “The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Rantala S. The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38294.

Council of Science Editors:

Rantala S. The winding road from exclusion to ownership : Governance and social outcomes in contemporary forest conservation in northeastern Tanzania. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/38294

10. Etongo Bau, Daniel. Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences, 2016, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/161129

► Tropical deforestation and forest degradation (DD) contribute approximately 15% of the annual global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, they are considered the main emissions… (more)

▼ Tropical deforestation and forest degradation (DD) contribute approximately 15% of the annual global anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, they are considered the main emissions sources in most developing countries. Despite the potentials of forest and tree plantations to mitigate the effects of climate change through carbon sequestration, DD still remains a challenge in Africa. Globally, the forests of Africa are the most depleted of all tropical regions, with only 30% of historical forest area still remaining. In addition, Africa s complexity in terms of its geography, politics, socioculture, economy, institutions etc. is an indication of why Africa has defied all simple solutions in addressing DD: a phenomenon considered location- and situation-specific. The biophysical setting of Burkina Faso exposes the central and northern region to drought and desertification. Such conditions have caused human migration to the southwestern regions, which offer better opportunities for rain-fed agriculture, but also experiences the highest rates of deforestation. On the other hand, the ongoing regreening process in the Sahel through tree planting and assisted natural regeneration of indigenous tree species is a signal for regrowth and revegetation. This study contributes to understanding the drivers of DD in four adjacent village communities in the Ziro province, southern Burkina Faso in the light of the forest transition theory. Specifically, this study assesses the drivers of DD at the farm/forest level and also identifies options for regrowth/revegetation. This dissertation consists of four articles (studies I, II, III, and IV). Studies I and II refer to stage two of the forest transition curve (forest frontier) while studies III and IV refer to stage four of the curve (forest/plantations/agricultural mosaics). Various methods were used during data collection, including interviews with key informants, focus group discussions (FGDs), two hundred household interviews (studies I, II, and III), gathering a list of local botanical knowledge from 48 participants (study IV), and a field survey. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used in analyzing the data. Low agricultural production expressed in the sizes (areas) and ages of farms together with land tenure insecurity were found to lead to increased deforestation. Results suggested that a 10% increase in farm size would result in a 4% increase in annual deforestation (study I). Furthermore, results in study II indicated that non-poor and fairly poor farmers contributed more towards activities considered environmentally degrading, such as deforestation, overgrazing etc., than the poorest farmers. On the other hand, the adoption of sustainable land management practices was relatively low among the poorest farmers. Tree planters were mainly farmers who held large and old farm areas, were literate and relatively wealthy, held favorable attitudes towards tree planting, and had participated in a farmers group for several years (study III). Local knowledge…

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Ecology; Forest Ecology

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Etongo Bau, D. (2016). Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/161129

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Etongo Bau, Daniel. “Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/161129.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Etongo Bau, Daniel. “Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Etongo Bau D. Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/161129.

Council of Science Editors:

Etongo Bau D. Deforestation and forest degradation in southern Burkina Faso: Understanding the drivers of change and options for revegetation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/161129

University of Helsinki

11. Koskinen, Markku. Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences; Finnish Natural Resources Institute, 2017, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170405

►

In this study, the effects of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on the nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics of the restored sites are… (more)

▼

In this study, the effects of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on the nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics of the restored sites are explored. The study consists of four sub-studies. Two of the sub-studies are concerned with the effects on water quality and export of elements of restoration and were conducted on a catchment scale. One of the studies was conducted in the laboratory, and assessed the release of elements from peat samples under anaerobic inundation simulating the effects of a rising water table after restoration or logging. The fourth study was again a field study, in which the differences in methane emissions between undrained, drained and restored spruce swamp forests were assessed. In all, 24 different pristine, drained and restored sites are featured in the study, one site being present in two of the sub-studies. The results indicate potentially large effects of restoration especially on the nutrient rich spruce-dominated sites, which had the highest restoration-induced increases in organic carbon and nutrient exports in the catchment studies, and which also exhibited high methane emissions after restoration, higher than in the undrained or drained state. The results should prompt research into the techniques applied in restoration of such sites and into the processes which lie behind these large effects.

Tutkimuksessa selvitettiin metsäojitettujen soiden ennallistamisen vaikutuksia ravinteiden ja orgaanisen hiilen huuhtoutumiseen ja metaanidynamiikkaan. Työ koostuu neljästä alitutkimuksesta. Kahdessa alitutkimuksessa selvitettiin vaikutuksia veden laatuun ja aineiden huuhtou-tumiseen, ja ne toteutettiin valuma-aluetasolla. Yksi alitutkimus oli laboratoriokoe, jossa selvitettiin aineiden liukenemista turpeesta anaerobisessa muhituksessa, jolla jäljiteltiin hakkuuta tai ennallistamista seuraavaa nousevaa vedenpintaa. Neljäs tutkimus oli jälleen maastotutkimus, ja siinä selvitettiin luonnontilaisten, ojitettujen ja ennallistettujen korpien metaanipäästöjen eroavaisuuksia. Kaikkiaan tutkimuksessa käsiteltiin 24:ää eri suota, joista yksi oli mukana kahdessa eri alitutkimuksessa. Tulokset viittaavat siihen, että ennallistamisella voi olla huomattavia vaikutuksia etenkin ravinnerikkaiden kuusivaltaisten soiden tapauksessa. Niissä havaittiin suurimmat liuenneen orgaanisen hiilen ja ravinteiden kuormitus ennallistamisen jälkeen valuma-aluetason tutkimuksissa. Niiltä havaittiin ennallistamisen jälkeen myös huomattavia metaanipäästöjä, suurempia kuin luonnontilaisilta tai ojitetuilta kohteilta. Tulosten perusteella tulisi edelleen tutkia ennallistamisen menetelmiä ja niitä prosesseja, jotka vaikuttavat havaittujen vaikutusten taustalla.

Subjects/Keywords: forest sciences; forest sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Koskinen, M. (2017). Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170405

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Koskinen, Markku. “Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170405.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Koskinen, Markku. “Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Koskinen M. Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170405.

Council of Science Editors:

Koskinen M. Impacts of restoration of forestry-drained peatlands on nutrient and organic carbon exports and methane dynamics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/170405

University of Helsinki

12. Adamczyk, Sylwia. The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils.

Degree: Department of Forest Sciences; Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), 2016, University of Helsinki

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/166676

►

Cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients plays pivotal role for functioning of every ecosystem. Biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen (N) are balanced by a… (more)

▼

Cycling of carbon (C) and nutrients plays pivotal role for functioning of every ecosystem. Biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen (N) are balanced by a network of inter-actions between plants, litter and soil chemistry, microbial communities, enzyme machinery and climate conditions. This thesis focuses on the role of terpenes in C and N transformations in boreal forest soils. Terpenes are abundant plant secondary compounds. The focus was on certain mono-, di-, and triterpenes. Soil incubation experiments revealed that terpenes increased the mineralization of carbon but decreased net nitrogen mineralization and net nitrification. Additionally they increased the amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the microbial biomass through enhancement of bacterial growth; however, they inhibited fungal growth. This study suggests that terpenes can act as a C source for some microbial communities. Moreover, terpenes showed inhibitory potential against enzymes, which are involved in C, N, P, S cycling. The mechanism of inhibition seems to be based at least partially on ability of terpenes to bind enzymes. The field experiment presented the effect of logging residues and wood ash on composition of terpenes and C and N cycling in soil five years after clear-cutting a Norway spruce stand. Logging residue treatment increased the concentrations of certain terpenes in the organic layer. Both, logging residue and wood ash treatments increased net N mineralization and net nitrification. Some changes in terpene concentrations correlated with C and N cycling processes, but the relationship between terpene concentration and C and N cycling processes remained still unclear in the field conditions. In conclusion, terpenes can affect C and N transformations in boreal forest soil. It is probable that terpenes change N cycling retaining more N in organic forms and potentially decrease nitrogen losses from forest ecosystem.

Hiilen ja ravinteiden kierto on edellytys ekosysteemin toiminnalle. Hiilen (C) ja typen (N) biogeokemiallisessa kierrossa kasvien, karikkeen ja maan kemiallinen koostumus, mikrobiyhteisöt, entsyymikoneisto ja ilmastolliset olosuhteet ovat vuorovaikutuksessa keskenään. Tässä väitöskirjassa tarkastellaan terpeenien merkitystä boreaalisten metsämaiden hiilen ja typen kierrossa. Terpeenit ovat yleisiä kasvin sekundääriyhdisteitä. Väitöskirjassa keskitytään joihinkin mono-, di- ja triterpeeneihin. Laboratoriokokeet osoittivat, että tutkitut terpeenit kiihdyttivät metsämaan hiilen mineralisaatiota, mutta samalla ne hidastivat typen nettomineralisaatiota ja nettonitrifikaatiota. Lisäksi terpeenit lisäsivät mikrobibiomassassa olevat hiilen ja typen määrää todennäköisesti siitä syystä, että ne kiihdyttivät bakteerien kasvunopeutta; sienten kasvunopeus sen sijaan hidastui terpeenien vaikutuksesta. Tulokset viittasivat siihen, että terpeenit toimivat hiilen lähteenä joillekin mikrobeille. Lisäksi terpeenit estivät hiilen, typen, fosforin ja rikin kiertoon liittyvien entsyymien toimintaa, johtuen ainakin osaksi terpeenien kyvystä sitoa…

Subjects/Keywords: forest science; forest science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adamczyk, S. (2016). The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Helsinki. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10138/166676

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adamczyk, Sylwia. “The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Helsinki. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/166676.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adamczyk, Sylwia. “The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Adamczyk S. The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/166676.

Council of Science Editors:

Adamczyk S. The role of terpenes in carbon and nitrogen cycling in boreal forest soils. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Helsinki; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10138/166676

Texas A&M University

13. Esch, Stephen Alexander. An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-E87

► Hedonic models have been used by many scholars to forecast prices of housing properties. By incorporating such features as neighborhood quality, environmental factors, and the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Esch, S. A. (2012). An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-E87

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Esch, Stephen Alexander. “An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-E87.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Esch, Stephen Alexander. “An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Esch SA. An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-E87.

Council of Science Editors:

Esch SA. An assessment of single-family housing prices and residential segregation using GIS in Bryan, Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-E87

Texas A&M University

14. Lin, Kai Hsuan. Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1994-THESIS-L7354

► The objective of this research was to develop and implement an on-line gypsum wallboard manufacturing expert system incorporating on-line process monitoring information and statistical process… (more)

▼ The objective of this research was to develop and implement an on-line gypsum wallboard manufacturing expert system incorporating on-line process monitoring information and statistical process control. In support of this objective, several sub-objectives were accomplished. First, an expert system addressing the major problems associated with gypsum wallboard manufacturing was developed. Second, manufacturing problems that utilized quantifiable process data in their problem solving procedures were identified for incorporation into the system. Third, the statistical process control techniques of control charting to filter process information were applied to selected problems in the manufacturing process. Finally, the system was implemented and verified. Several stagesand accompanying methods marked the development of this system. Identifying crucial parameters for expert system development, acquiring knowledge for those identified parameters, coding the knowledge base, adapting statistical process control (SPC) techniques to filter process data, and lastly, implementing the system in the study facility were the elements of the full expert system. Nine major categories of problems associated with gypsum wallboard manufacturing were identified and addressed by the expert system. Specifically, they were various types of problems associated with voids, the foam, bond, wallboard additives, the board line, the knife and inverter, the takeoff of the process end, and the warehouse. Also, the process data associated with each problem was identified, filtered using SPC methods, and incorporated into the problem solving process. The SPC techniques employed consisted of two different types of control charting and a data correlation technique. Individual charts and range charts were used as control charts. Autocorrelation analysis was used to determine data correlation. The expert system developed in this project has proven beneficial in documenting and preserving knowledge relating to gypsum wallboard manufacturing. The access to filtered process data supplied by SPC techniques built into the expert system provided the opportunity for a more objective and accurate assessment of the process related problems.

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lin, K. H. (2012). Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1994-THESIS-L7354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lin, Kai Hsuan. “Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1994-THESIS-L7354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lin, Kai Hsuan. “Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Lin KH. Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1994-THESIS-L7354.

Council of Science Editors:

Lin KH. Incorporating on-line process data into a diagnostic knowledge-based system. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1994-THESIS-L7354

Texas A&M University

15. Sabella, Raymond Jacob. Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S222

► Water level fluctuations in the Lake Granger Corps of Engineers (COE) reservoir project are the result of flood control management of the lower Brazos River… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sabella, R. J. (2012). Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S222

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sabella, Raymond Jacob. “Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S222.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sabella, Raymond Jacob. “Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Sabella RJ. Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S222.

Council of Science Editors:

Sabella RJ. Determining the effects of fluctuating lake levels on wildlife habitat using GIS and remote sensing. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1995-THESIS-S222

Texas A&M University

16. Hebert, Mark Thomas. Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-H43

► The relationship between leaf area index (LAI) and site water balance (SWB) in closed canopy lobiolly pine plantations was analyzed across a natural 50-cm precipitation… (more)

▼ The relationship between leaf area index (LAI) and site water balance (SWB) in closed canopy lobiolly pine plantations was analyzed across a natural 50-cm precipitation gradient in East Texas. Six precipitation zones were delineated based upon historical weather data, and 60 stands (10 per zone) were randomly chosen for study. LAI was estimated using three techniques: a diameter-based allometric equation, the LiCor LAI-2000 Plant Canopy Analyzer (PCA), and standard 1 M2 litter traps. SWB was estimated using the Thornthwaite and Mather (1957) model to predict potential and actual evapotranspiration and moisture deficit. LAI and site water balance were estimated in both 1994 and 1995. 1 hypothesized that LAI would be positively correlated with actual evapotranspiration (AET) and negatively correlated with moisture deficit for the 60 stands. Results, however, indicate no significant relationship between LAI and AET (@=0.062) or moisture deficit (r-'=O.057). The lack of correlation was attributed to the deviation from historical precipitation patterns during the-last four years which largely eliminated the precipitation gradient among zones during the sampling period. One interesting result was the significant correlation between litter trap LAI estimates and foliar nutrient concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus (@=0.863 and 0.873 respectively); this suggests that, given the recent precipitation patterns, site fertility may be a stronger determinant of stand LAI than water availability. The estimates of LAI (M2M-2 ) ranged from 0.41 to 4.64 as determined by the PCA, from 0.55 to 3.31 from the allometric equation, and from 3.68 to 5.54 from liftertrap data. Although no significant relationships could be drawn between LAI estimates and outputs of the SWB model, the PCA did show the ability to rank stands by the amount of leaf area present in the canopy and detect seasonal changes in LAI unlike the allometric equation. The absolute LAI values given by the PCA were not precise, but the PCA could determine relative changes in LAI, either seasonal or among stands.

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hebert, M. T. (2012). Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-H43

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hebert, Mark Thomas. “Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-H43.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hebert, Mark Thomas. “Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Hebert MT. Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-H43.

Council of Science Editors:

Hebert MT. Determination of leaf area index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and its relationship to site water balance across a large precipitation gradient in East Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1996-THESIS-H43

Texas A&M University

17. Winn, Jennifer P. GIS as an educational tool.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-W36

► Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a leading informational technology of today. Used in a wide variety of applications, the influence of GIS affects people daily.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Winn, J. P. (2012). GIS as an educational tool. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-W36

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Winn, Jennifer P. “GIS as an educational tool.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-W36.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Winn, Jennifer P. “GIS as an educational tool.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Winn JP. GIS as an educational tool. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-W36.

Council of Science Editors:

Winn JP. GIS as an educational tool. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1997-THESIS-W36

Texas A&M University

18. Shaw, Andrew J. A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas.

Degree: MS, forest science, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1999-THESIS-S53

► A hydrodynamic model, TXBLEND, was used to simulate operating system. exotic shrimp escapes into Texas coastal wakers. Output from the model runs were reformatted using… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest science.; Major forest science.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shaw, A. J. (2012). A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1999-THESIS-S53

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shaw, Andrew J. “A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1999-THESIS-S53.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shaw, Andrew J. “A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Shaw AJ. A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1999-THESIS-S53.

Council of Science Editors:

Shaw AJ. A technique for modeling exotic shrimp escapes in Matagorda and San Antonio Bays, Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1999-THESIS-S53

Oregon State University

19. Berner, Logan T. Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States.

Degree: PhD, Forest Ecosystems and Society, 2017, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60534

► Earth’s atmosphere is unequivocally warming due to CO₂ and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities and this is having widespread impacts on forest… (more)

▼ Earth’s atmosphere is unequivocally warming due to CO₂ and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities and this is having widespread impacts on forest ecosystems that provide important services to human societies. Forest ecosystems help regulate atmospheric CO2 concentrations by sequestering carbon in tree biomass and soils, which is a valuable ecosystem service that is sensitive to climate change and forest management. Rising air temperatures contributed to increased aridity and drought during recent decades among forests in the western United States and projections suggest that many parts of this region could become hotter and drier over the coming century barring significant reductions in GHG emissions. Managing regional forests and GHG emissions in a warming world requires better understanding of how forest carbon cycling is influenced by climate, including climate-mediated disturbance (e.g., fires). The objectives of this dissertation were to assess (1) forest response to water availability and (2) tree mortality from disturbance during recent decades in the western US. Forest response to water availability was assessed, in part, by quantifying changes in forest productivity and live biomass across sites that varied widely in average water availability. Bioclimatic relationships were developed using (1) field measurements from 12 sites in the eastern Cascade Mountains, (2) inventory and ancillary plot measurements from 1,953 sites in Washington, Oregon, and California (WAORCA), and (3) remote sensing measurements spanning 18 Mha of mature forest in the western US. In each case, forest productivity and live biomass increased markedly across sites as average water availability increased. For instance, median forest productivity increased from 2.2 to 5.6 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ between the driest and wettest 5% of sites in WAORCA, while live biomass increased from 26 to 281 Mg C ha⁻¹. These bioclimatic relationships illustrate that forests are widely sensitive to changes in water availability, suggesting that continued warming and drying could reduce carbon sequestration over the coming century in parts of the region. Tree mortality from fires, bark beetles, and timber harvest was quantified from 2003-2012 across the region using remote sensing, federal harvest statistics, and ancillary information. Tree mortality was quantified in terms of carbon storage in aboveground biomass killed by disturbance. Regional tree mortality from these disturbances together averaged 45.8±16.0 Tg C yr⁻¹ (±95% confidence interval), with harvest, beetles, and fires accounting for 50%, 32%, and 18% of mortality, respectively. Tree mortality from timber harvest was concentrated in the high-biomass forests of the Washington and Oregon. Tree mortality from bark beetles occurred largely in Colorado, Wyoming, and Montana, where tree defenses were suppressed by drought and beetle populations bolstered by rising winter temperatures. Tree mortality from fires was highest in California, Idaho, and Montana, which also experienced… Advisors/Committee Members: Law, Beverly (advisor), Waring, Richard (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: forest; Forest influences – West (U.S.)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Berner, L. T. (2017). Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60534

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Berner, Logan T. “Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60534.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Berner, Logan T. “Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Berner LT. Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60534.

Council of Science Editors:

Berner LT. Forest response to water Forest Response to Water Availability and Disturbance in the Western United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/60534

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

20. Ramantswana, Mufhumudzi Muedanyi. A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa.

Degree: MTech, Faculty of Science, 2012, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019844

► Over the past decade the South African forestry industry has gradually experienced the ramifications of labour scarcity, increases in labour costs, the effect of HIV… (more)

▼ Over the past decade the South African forestry industry has gradually experienced the ramifications of labour scarcity, increases in labour costs, the effect of HIV and AIDS and increasing timber demand. Consequently, this has led to an increase in the mechanisation rate, especially in timber harvesting operations. Due to the labour challenges in South Africa, mechanised forestry equipment has increasingly been required to operate in complex forest conditions, such as coppiced compartments, where they have not operated before. It therefore occurs that harvesters are either used in certain coppiced compartments with uncertain productivity expectations, or the harvesters are not used in these compartments due to a lack of productivity knowledge. The influence that certain factors have on harvester productivity and stump volume loss – factors such as coppice regeneration practices and stem form – is poorly understood and has not been quantified. No scientific research exists regarding the effects of coppice compartments on the productivity of a harvester and the amount of stump volume waste. This research aimed at determining the influence of tree volume, tree form, stem felled first and distance between stems on the productivity of an excavator based harvester in coppiced double, coppiced single and planted Eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments. Furthermore, the research determined whether there was any stump volume waste, and quantified how much of it was due to excessive stump heights by the harvester. Through regression analysis, productivity equations were derived to make productivity predictions in both coppiced and planted compartments. All stumps were evaluated for waste and the average stump volume waste in coppiced double, coppiced single and planted trees was determined. The research results showed that planted trees had the highest productivity across all tree sizes, followed by coppiced single trees and then coppiced double stems. When harvesting a 0.2 m3 tree, the mean harvester productivity was 8.7 m3 per PMH in coppiced double trees, 13.8 m3 per PMH in coppiced single trees and 16.1 m3 per PMH in planted trees. In coppiced double stems the productivity was not significantly influence by the distance between stems. However, the productivity was significantly influenced by the stem felled first. The regression results showed that if the smaller stem was felled first, the productivity would increase if the larger stem’s volume was less than 0.18 m3; however where the larger stem was greater than 0.18 m3, the relationship was reversed. In addition, the productivity for both coppiced single trees and coppiced double stems were significantly influenced by stem form. The poorly formed trees had low productivity compared to the trees with good form. The stump volume findings showed that coppiced double stems had the highest average stump volume waste per stump, with 0.00307 m3 waste, followed by coppiced single trees (0.001954 m3) and planted trees (0.001650 m3). The average stump volume waste per stump with…

Subjects/Keywords: Forest productivity; Forest management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ramantswana, M. M. (2012). A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa. (Masters Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019844

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ramantswana, Mufhumudzi Muedanyi. “A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019844.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ramantswana, Mufhumudzi Muedanyi. “A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ramantswana MM. A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019844.

Council of Science Editors:

Ramantswana MM. A comparison of harvester productivity and stump volume waste in coppiced and planted eucalyptus grandis pulpwood compartments in the KwaZulu-Natal forestry region of South Africa. [Masters Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019844

Oregon State University

21. Stidham, Melanie. Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement.

Degree: MS, Forest Resources, 2008, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7541

► Within Oregon there is considerable interest in the possibility of converting woody biomass to energy. This interest stems from three converging factors: the desire to… (more)

▼ Within Oregon there is considerable interest in the possibility of converting woody biomass to energy. This interest stems from three converging factors: the desire to reduce the threat of uncharacteristic wildfire by removing excess material from the forests, the possibility to stimulate rural economies that are dependent on forest products, and generation of renewable and/or clean energy from a local source. There have been a number of studies to assess the feasibility of wide-scale conversion of biomass to energy. These efforts have largely focused on technical barriers to the use of biomass for energy rather than social barriers. This study explores the social context of converting forest biomass to energy, through use of semi-structured interviews. Forty interviewees were purposively selected from the following Oregon stakeholder groups: federal and state agencies, elected officials, community organizations, conservation organizations, the forest industry sector, Tribes, energy utilities and non-utility energy experts. Information gained through the interviews was used to meet two research objectives: 1) to understand stakeholders' views on converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon; 2) to identify, from the perspectives of stakeholders, the opportunities for and barriers to converting forest biomass to energy, and potential strategies to overcome the barriers. In addition, there were two secondary objectives: a) to identify areas of common ground and conflict between and within stakeholder groups; and b) to identify policy components that would be necessary in the integration of the forestry and energy industries in Oregon. Among research participants there was wide agreement on what constitutes forest biomass; typically small diameter material that is currently non-merchantable, produced as a by-product of restoration or other forest management activities. There was most agreement that restoration treatments are needed in low-elevation ponderosa pine forests in eastern and southwestern Oregon to reduce the risk of uncharacteristically large and severe wildfire. It is this risk of unusually intense wildfire that many research participants felt was driving this issue in Oregon, rather than potential energy or rural economic development benefits. Many research participants wanted at-risk forests restored to conditions within their historic/natural range of variability, which depended on site specific characteristics, but generally meant fewer trees per acre and inclusion of low-intensity fire. The top three reasons research participants were interested in biomass utilization were the opportunities to generate renewable energy, restore forests, and stimulate economic growth in rural communities. While participants were enthusiastic about these opportunities, they brought up a number of barriers that would have to be addressed before the full suite of opportunities could be realized. The most vital and most challenging barrier was access to supply. Factors making supply more difficult to… Advisors/Committee Members: Simon-Brown, Viviane (advisor), Adams, Darius (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: forest biomass; Forest biomass – Oregon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stidham, M. (2008). Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7541

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stidham, Melanie. “Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7541.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stidham, Melanie. “Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement.” 2008. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Stidham M. Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2008. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7541.

Council of Science Editors:

Stidham M. Converting forest biomass to energy in Oregon : stakeholder perspectives on a growing movement. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7541

Technical University of Lisbon

22. Marques, Marco André Gonçalves Neves. Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal.

Degree: 2011, Technical University of Lisbon

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4143

►

Mestrado em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia

The Forest Intervention Zones (ZIF) appeared in 2005 as a proposal for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest intervention zones; private forest; forest owners; forest management; cooperation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marques, M. A. G. N. (2011). Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4143

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marques, Marco André Gonçalves Neves. “Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal.” 2011. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4143.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marques, Marco André Gonçalves Neves. “Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Marques MAGN. Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4143.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marques MAGN. Cooperação na gestão florestal. O caso das Zonas de Intervenção florestal. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2011. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/4143

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

23. Asselin, Jodie D. Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests.

Degree: PhD, Department of Anthropology, 2013, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/7w62f846f

► This dissertation is an exploration of forests as understood and encountered from numerous perspectives in the Yukon Territory. Dealing primarily with non-indigenous Yukon residents who… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: forest; Yukon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Asselin, J. D. (2013). Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/7w62f846f

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Asselin, Jodie D. “Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/7w62f846f.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Asselin, Jodie D. “Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Asselin JD. Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/7w62f846f.

Council of Science Editors:

Asselin JD. Shades of Green: the social nature of Yukon forests. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/7w62f846f

Purdue University

24. Ameida, Leah Zoe. Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology.

Degree: MS, Forestry and Natural Resources, 2016, Purdue University

URL: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/741

► Hypoxia is a concern in freshwater, marine, and estuarine systems worldwide including in Lake Erie, North America. Hypoxia may develop more frequently and for… (more)

▼ Hypoxia is a concern in freshwater, marine, and estuarine systems worldwide including in Lake Erie, North America. Hypoxia may develop more frequently and for a longer duration as a result of excess nutrient loading from human sources, therefore, the incidence of hypoxic areas has increased with human population increases and intensive land-use practices. The effects of hypoxia on fish and other aquatic organisms have been well-studied, but most research examines the negative aspects of hypoxia development on habitats and the effect of severe hypoxia on individuals. In this study we focused on less studied and more subtle effects of hypoxia, including the possible benefits of prey increases that can occur concomitantly with increased hypoxia and the behavioral and physiological responses of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) to moderate hypoxia. First, we examined the balance between the potential beneficial and detrimental aspects of nutrient loading and hypoxia on habitat quality for four fishes and two life-stages using a growth rate potential model (GRP). Although nutrient loading did increase prey biomass in model simulations, it also caused a decline in overall habitat quality due to the spatial and temporal expansion of hypoxia. Nutrient loading also increased habitat quality, but only in areas where habitat quality was already above average and primarily for species and life-stages that preferred warmer, pelagic habitat conditions. Habitat quality for species that preferred cooler, benthic habitat conditions declined relatively steeply at intermediate nutrient loading levels. Therefore, although nutrient loading may benefit some species by increasing prey resources, hypoxia may alter the ability of many species, particularly benthic species, from accessing peaks in prey or other advantageous resources in the bottom of the water column. The second aspect of our study examined how moderate hypoxic concentrations affected the behavior and physiology of yellow perch. We found modest differences in the expression of some genes that may be altered in response to hypoxia, however, moderate hypoxia did not affect the majority of behavioral and physiological responses examined. This may indicate that yellow perch can utilize areas of moderate hypoxia and the resources therein without many deleterious effects. Overall, our studies demonstrated that the responses of individuals and ecosystems to hypoxia and nutrient loading are complex. Examining fish and ecosystem responses to changes in habitat conditions like hypoxia can improve understanding of current and future large-scale environmental changes. Advisors/Committee Members: Tomas O Hook, Tomas O Hook, Stuart A. Ludsin, Marisol S. Sepulveda.

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ameida, L. Z. (2016). Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology. (Thesis). Purdue University. Retrieved from http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/741

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ameida, Leah Zoe. “Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology.” 2016. Thesis, Purdue University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/741.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ameida, Leah Zoe. “Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology.” 2016. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Ameida LZ. Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology. [Internet] [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2016. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/741.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ameida LZ. Effects of Lake Erie hypoxia on fish habitat quality and yellow perch behavior and physiology. [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2016. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/741

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

25. Stander, Hendrik C. Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study.

Degree: PhD, Forest Engineering, 2011, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22117

► Forest management is typically associated with a high degree of uncertainty, since it relies on predictions of natural growth processes over long periods of time.… (more)

▼ Forest management is typically associated with a high degree of uncertainty, since it relies on predictions of natural growth processes over long periods of time. A number of methods exist for mitigating the risk associated with this uncertainty, but few have the ability to explicitly minimize risk. This study will present a case study on dealing with uncertainty and risk in an applied setting. The selected study area was the Tillamook State Forest, located in northwest Oregon. The primary objectives were to quantify the uncertainty and assess its impact on forest management. An additional objective was to assess the application of non-linear probabilistic programming on a large forest management problem. Uncertainty was quantified through regression models that predicted actual outcomes from planned outcomes, as well as the error associated with predictions of actual outcomes. The effects of uncertainty on forest management were assessed through two chance-constrained programming formulations. One maximized the harvest volume under a given level of risk, and the other minimized the maximum level of risk associated with a given forest management plan. Both were subject to sustainable inventory and forest structure constraints. The results showed that these models could substantially increase the probability of achieving a given forest management outcome, at the cost of only a minimal deviation (4 to 6%) from the risk neutral position. These results were however in contrast to an analysis of risk preferences, which showed significant differences in the outcomes associated with various levels of risk. This indicated that uncertainty could not be considered without the decision maker's attitude towards risk. In addition, post-optimality analysis of the model results showed that correlated yield coefficients had an insignificant impact, and that the assumption of zero covariance was justified for this study. Finally, it was also demonstrated that chance- constrained programming can be applied to large scale forest management problems, but that the solvability of these problems were determined by the formulation type. Advisors/Committee Members: Sessions, Julian D. (advisor), Pagell, Mark (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stander, H. C. (2011). Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22117

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stander, Hendrik C. “Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed February 27, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22117.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stander, Hendrik C. “Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study.” 2011. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Stander HC. Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22117.

Council of Science Editors:

Stander HC. Uncertainty, risk and forest management on the Tillamook State Forest : a case study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/22117

Michigan Technological University

26. Luokkala, Christa M. RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS.

Degree: MS, School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, 2012, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/611

► The nutrient uptake response of ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) to different nutrient substrates is a driving force in ecosystem nutrient cycling. We hypothesized that taxa… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Luokkala, C. M. (2012). RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/611

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luokkala, Christa M. “RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/611.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luokkala, Christa M. “RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS.” 2012. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Luokkala CM. RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2012. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/611.

Council of Science Editors:

Luokkala CM. RESPONSE OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI TO INORGANIC AND ORGANIC FORMS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2012. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/611

Michigan Technological University

27. Demirtas, Iskender. EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS.

Degree: MS, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, 2017, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/495

► Post-fire salvage logging operations can induce environmental problems. This study assessed the effects of different disturbances from post-fire salvage logging on soil bulk density,… (more)

▼ Post-fire salvage logging operations can induce environmental problems. This study assessed the effects of different disturbances from post-fire salvage logging on soil bulk density, water repellency, field saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs), ground cover, and sediment yields after the 2013 Rim Fire in California. Hillslope plots were installed in three locations (Sawmill, lower Femmons, and upper Femmons). The plot-scale disturbances were burned and untrafficked (low and high slope controls and logged only with no traffic), or burned and trafficked (few and many pass skid trails). Additional measurements were made in nearby areas that included the plot-scale disturbances as well as feller buncher tracks and mixed disturbed areas. We measured soil bulk density at two depths. Kfs was measured using a dual head ring infiltrometer. Water repellency was measured at the mineral soil surface and at 1 cm and 3 cm soil depths. Ground cover was measured in each hillslope plot. Sediment yields from the hillslope plots were measured using sediment fences. Measurements in burned areas were made in water years 2015 and 2016. Bulk density, water repellency, and Kfs measurements were also made in one unburned logged site. We assessed the effectiveness of subsoiling of skid trails in nearby burned areas, sometimes across the contour, as a mitigation practice by recording the presence or absence of rills or gullies. The mean bulk densities in the trafficked plots were significantly higher than in untrafficked plots. Kfs was 10 times higher in untrafficked areas than in the many pass skid trails in the burned sites and significantly higher in the unburned site. There was no significant difference in KFS for any of the disturbance classes between the burned and unburned sites. In the burned areas, WDPT was highest at the 3 cm depth and was lower in trafficked areas than untrafficked areas. WDPT was also significantly lower in burned areas than in unburned areas, where strong water repellency occurred across all depths and disturbance conditions. Untrafficked areas had relatively low bare soil in 2015 and the amount of bare soil decreased significantly in 2016. The trafficked plots had more bare soil than the untrafficked plots, and sometimes the differences were significant. The annual sediment yield in the untrafficked plots in the Sawmill site was 1.9 Mg ha^-1 in the 2015 water year and this value significantly decreased to 0.14 Mg ha^-1 in the 2016. The sediment yields in the trafficked skid trail plots were 6.2 and 1.2 Mg ha^-1 in 2015 and 2016, respectively, and the 2016 yield was significantly greater than the untrafficked value. The annual sediment yields were also very low in untrafficked plots in the Femmons sites in 2016, and the trafficked plots produced significantly higher sediment yields. Some of the many pass skid trails were subsoiled (ripped) by logging contractors as part of the logging operation using a winged subsoiler with the wings set 45-60 cm below the soil… Advisors/Committee Members: Joseph W. Wagenbrenner.

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Demirtas, I. (2017). EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/495

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Demirtas, Iskender. “EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/495.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Demirtas, Iskender. “EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Demirtas I. EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/495.

Council of Science Editors:

Demirtas I. EFFECTS OF POST-FIRE SALVAGE LOGGING ON COMPACTION, INFILTRATION, WATER REPELLENCY, AND SEDIMENT YIELD AND THE EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBSOILING ON SKID TRAILS. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/495

Michigan Technological University

28. Rahman, Rafia. ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN.

Degree: MS, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, 2019, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/922

► Harvesting during winter is encouraged as a best management practice to protect soil during logging operations. The western Upper Peninsula of Michigan typically experiences… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rahman, R. (2019). ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/922

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rahman, Rafia. “ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/922.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rahman, Rafia. “ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN.” 2019. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Rahman R. ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/922.

Council of Science Editors:

Rahman R. ASSESSING SOIL COMPACTION FOLLOWING A WINTER TIMBER HARVEST IN THE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA OF MICHIGAN. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2019. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/922

Michigan Technological University

29. Petras O'Neil, Megan A. EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS.

Degree: MS, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, 2017, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/532

► Gap partitioning theory predicts that changes in microenvironment conditions found within a forest opening promote diversity in forest ecosystems. Under this theory we would… (more)

▼ Gap partitioning theory predicts that changes in microenvironment conditions found within a forest opening promote diversity in forest ecosystems. Under this theory we would expect to see variations in tree and understory diversity throughout and surrounding a forest opening. In order to test this theory, we examined manmade openings with legacy-tree retention in a northern hardwood forest located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. This work is part of an ongoing study that was started in 2003 with the creation of 49 openings centered on a reserve dominant or co-dominant yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.). The primary objective of this research was to assess if opening size, plot location and/or plot transect azimuth had an influence on the dependent variables that we measured (herbaceous-layer species, cover groups, and sapling). Twenty reference sites were also selected from the surrounding forest and centered on a dominant or co-dominant yellow birch. At each site, the following variables were measured; herbaceous-layer species percent cover, cover groups (tree seedling (< 50 cm), exposed soil, forest litter, exposed rock, woody shrubs, herbaceous plants, grass, sedge, rush, non-vascular plants, and woody debris), and sapling height (≥ 50 cm). We found that both opening size and plot location were influential on our measured variables to varying degrees. We found no evidence that transect azimuth was a significant predictor of any of the dependent variables. Opening size was significant when analyzing species diversity and evenness. Plot location was also significant when measuring species diversity as well as richness. Correlations with cover groups varied and some groups were not found to be associated with any of the opening measures (size, location, transect azimuth). Mean tallest tree sapling height was not found to be significantly different among opening sizes, but sapling height was significantly shorter in the references sites than any of the harvested openings. We also found that saplings under the legacy tree were the tallest on average when compared to the opening and the surrounding forest. Maples were by far the most abundance sapling species with sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) being the most common. Continued monitoring of sapling survival and growth will be important to gain a better understanding of tree diversity in openings with legacy- tree retention and have a better understanding of the future forest composition. Advisors/Committee Members: Yvette L. Dickinson.

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Petras O'Neil, M. A. (2017). EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/532

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Petras O'Neil, Megan A. “EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/532.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Petras O'Neil, Megan A. “EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS.” 2017. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Petras O'Neil MA. EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2017. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/532.

Council of Science Editors:

Petras O'Neil MA. EFFECTS OF GROUP SELECTION WITH YELLOW BIRCH (BETULA ALLEGHANIENSIS) RETENTION ON THE UNDERSTORY AND SAPLING LAYER IN NORTHERN HARDWOOD FORESTS. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2017. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr/532

Michigan Technological University

30. Barbre, Brian W. BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA.

Degree: MS, School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, 2013, Michigan Technological University

URL: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/609

► This report is a study of the development and implementation of a biomass fuel briquette and improved stove project in the highlands of Ethiopia.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Forest Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Barbre, B. W. (2013). BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA. (Masters Thesis). Michigan Technological University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/609

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Barbre, Brian W. “BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Michigan Technological University. Accessed February 27, 2021. https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/609.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Barbre, Brian W. “BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA.” 2013. Web. 27 Feb 2021.

Vancouver:

Barbre BW. BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2013. [cited 2021 Feb 27]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/609.

Council of Science Editors:

Barbre BW. BIOMASS FUEL-BRIQUETTES AND IMPROVED STOVES IN DINSHO, ETHIOPIA. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan Technological University; 2013. Available from: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds/609

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