You searched for subject:(early life liquid diet).
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University of Melbourne
1.
Waidyatillake , Nilakshi Tharanga.
Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes.
Degree: 2016, University of Melbourne
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/112627 
► During my doctoral work I have investigated the effect of early life liquid diet (duration of breastfeeding, fatty acid composition of breast milk and formula…
(more)
▼ During my doctoral work I have investigated the effect of early life liquid diet (duration of breastfeeding, fatty acid composition of breast milk and formula feeding) on allergic diseases and lung function outcomes during late childhood and adolescence, including assessment of possible mediators for these associations. Worldwide, the prevalence of allergic diseases has increased over recent decades. Australia has a high prevalence of these conditions. Allergic diseases are immune mediated and the maturation of the immune system occurs during early life. It is believed that gene and environment factors play a major role in developing or protecting against these diseases. Early life exposures have been hypothesised to influence the risk of developing allergic diseases, as they may have an impact on the developing immune system. While it is currently not clear how to reduce the incidence of allergic disease and improve the lung function outcomes, it is possible that modification of early life dietary exposures may play a role.
The focus of my doctoral work is to explore the associations between early life liquid diet (breast and formula feeding) and allergic disease (asthma, eczema and allergic rhinitis) and lung function outcomes. The aim of this work is to determine if modification of early life liquid diet (breast milk and formula milk) may influence the risk of allergic diseases and later childhood lung function outcomes, which may then inform preventive strategies.
The main liquids that an infant is exposed to in the first months of life are breast milk and formula milk. It is plausible that these first dietary exposures can impact on allergic disease outcomes. It is recommended by many health care organisations that a baby be exclusively breastfed for at least four months, while some organisations recommend six months of exclusive breastfeeding. Despite these recommendations, the actual duration of breastfeeding remains quite variable.
The constituents of breast milk change due to a variety of reasons, such as mother’s diet and the needs of the child. Breast milk, especially colostrum, is rich in biologically active substances. Infant formulas can contain different base protein sources and variable degree of hydrolysis. These differences in the constituents of breast milk and between infant formulas may potentially influence the incidence of allergic disease.
Within my thesis, I have both used systematic reviews of the published and utilised the data arising from the Melbourne Atopy cohort Study (n=620) to address key gaps in the evidence base of early life liquid diet and allergic diseases and lung function outcomes. In brief, Melbourne Atopy Cohort Study (MACS) started as a randomised controlled trial of three different types of formula (soy, partially hydrolysed whey and a conventional cows’ milk formula). Only infants with first degree relative with a family history of allergic diseases were eligible to be enrolled in the MACS. While the MACS commenced as a randomised controlled trial, I…
Subjects/Keywords: early life liquid diet; allergic disease; lung function
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APA (6th Edition):
Waidyatillake , N. T. (2016). Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/112627
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Waidyatillake , Nilakshi Tharanga. “Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/112627.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Waidyatillake , Nilakshi Tharanga. “Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Waidyatillake NT. Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/112627.
Council of Science Editors:
Waidyatillake NT. Association between early life liquid diet and allergic disease and lung function outcomes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/112627
University of Guelph
2.
Freeman, Nikole.
Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine.
Degree: PhD, Department of Integrative Biology, 2018, University of Guelph
URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23679
► Knowledge of the downstream effects of conditions experienced during early life is essential to understanding the mechanisms driving individual physiology, behaviour, and, ultimately, fitness. Developmental…
(more)
▼ Knowledge of the downstream effects of conditions experienced during
early life is essential to understanding the mechanisms driving individual physiology, behaviour, and, ultimately, fitness. Developmental conditions, such as
diet quantity and quality, can carry-over to impact a range of physiological and behavioural responses later in
life. However, the majority of information we have on
early-
life conditions comes from well controlled experiments, which may not be representative of conditions in the natural environment or how wild individuals respond to them. In this thesis, I integrate experimental and observational studies to investigate the downstream effects of
early-
life conditions on Canada jays (Perisoreus canadensis) in Algonquin Provincial Park, ON, Canada. Canada jays are a resident species of the boreal forest that cache perishable food to support overwinter survival and their late-winter breeding season. In my first chapter, I modify and validate a methodology for the extraction and quantification of feather corticosterone, which I use as an integrated measure of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in subsequent chapters. In my second chapter, I combine a 2-year experiment with 40 years of observational data to demonstrate that Canada Jay nestlings from territories with more available food have higher body condition, lower feather corticosterone, earlier fledge dates, and are more likely to be observed in the fall. In my third chapter, I use stable-carbon and -nitrogen isotopes to estimate nestling
diet composition and then show that
diet composition does not impact nestling body condition or survival. In my final chapter, I provide evidence that feather corticosterone concentrations in nestling feathers predict juvenile social status while nestling body condition predicts juvenile body condition and survival. Together, my thesis highlights how ecophysiological factors can carry-over from one
life-stage to the next, but also demonstrates that wild individuals may be less influenced by certain
early-
life conditions (e.g.
diet composition) than expected.
Advisors/Committee Members: Newman, Amy (advisor), Norris, Ryan (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: feather corticosterone; HPA axis; avian; Perisoreus canadensis; Canada jay; early life; nestling; supplementation; diet quantity; diet quality; diet composition; social status; body condition; survival
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APA (6th Edition):
Freeman, N. (2018). Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23679
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Freeman, Nikole. “Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Guelph. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23679.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Freeman, Nikole. “Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Freeman N. Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23679.
Council of Science Editors:
Freeman N. Early-life Carry-over Effects on Physiology and Survival in a Food-caching Passerine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Guelph; 2018. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23679
University of Lund
3.
Quaranta, Luciana.
Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968.
Degree: 2013, University of Lund
URL: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3737363
;
https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/3026458/3737380.pdf
► The aim of this doctoral thesis is to contribute to the debate on the importance of diet and disease in explaining the mortality decline and…
(more)
▼ The aim of this doctoral thesis is to contribute to
the debate on the importance of diet and disease in explaining the
mortality decline and the general literature of the long-term
effects of early life conditions. Using individual-level data from
Southern Sweden for 1813 to 1968, this work measures the impacts of
grain prices during the foetal stage and infant mortality rates
during the year of birth on mortality over the full life course, as
well as on female socioeconomic status attainment and reproductive
health. Specific exposure to measles, scarlet fever and whooping
cough are also considered. Regarding the impact of prices, higher
mortality is observed among exposed landless males in old age,
while exposed landless females exhibit lower probabilities of dying
in adulthood and old age and experience no significant effects on
their socioeconomic status attainment and reproductive health.
Regarding the impact of disease, sex-specific effects on mortality
are observed in adult ages for those born in years with measles and
scarlet fever. However, the effect of exposure to whooping cough on
mortality is strong and uniform across individuals of different
sexes and socioeconomic status. Females exposed to this disease are
also less able to attain high socioeconomic status in adulthood and
experience worse reproductive health, providing evidence of
transfers across generations. This thesis finds that disease has a
more important role than diet in determining the length and quality
of life.
Subjects/Keywords: Economic History; Early life; selection and scarring; diet and disease; life course; historical demography; southern Sweden; 19th and 20th century
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APA (6th Edition):
Quaranta, L. (2013). Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3737363 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/3026458/3737380.pdf
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Quaranta, Luciana. “Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3737363 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/3026458/3737380.pdf.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Quaranta, Luciana. “Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Quaranta L. Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3737363 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/3026458/3737380.pdf.
Council of Science Editors:
Quaranta L. Scarred for Life. How conditions in early life affect
socioeconomic status, reproduction and mortality in Southern
Sweden, 1813-1968. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2013. Available from: https://lup.lub.lu.se/record/3737363 ; https://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/3026458/3737380.pdf
4.
Gawuga, Cyrena.
Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults.
Degree: PhD, Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, and
Biotechnology, 2016, Brown University
URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:674288/
► A preponderance of evidence supports the assertion that low-grade inflammation resulting from exposure to ELS is associated with poor health outcomes in adulthood. To better…
(more)
▼ A preponderance of evidence supports the assertion
that low-grade inflammation resulting from exposure to ELS is
associated with poor health outcomes in adulthood. To better
understand how low-grade inflammation associated with ELS may
contribute to increased morbidity in adulthood, studying a
population that is free of medical and psychiatric illness is ideal
in comparison to other methods. The high burden of illness borne by
those with a history of ELS is well-recognized, and basic and
clinical research has implicated inflammation as a factor. The
studies presented were designed to investigate the hypothesis that
subclinical symptoms of stress-related disorders can be identified
in healthy adults prior to the development of clinically diagnosed
illness, and that these symptoms are due to deleterious alterations
in in both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune signaling.
Subclinical symptoms were associated with all ELS types. Although
ELS types and pro-inflammatory immune mediators were not directly
associated, the interaction between ELS and pro-inflammatory status
predicted increased reports of subclinical symptoms. The
anti-inflammatory cytokine adiponectin was not directly associated
with ELS types or subclinical symptoms. However, in those adults
who were overweight and had high adiponectin levels, the
pro-inflammatory immune mediator was lower than CRP levels of
overweight adults with low adiponectin levels, suggesting a
protective effect. These results merit replication with a larger
participant population to further examine observed
findings.
Advisors/Committee Members: Zimmerman, Anita (Director), Carpenter, Linda (Director), Bui, Eric (Reader), Morrow, Eric (Reader), Bowen, Wayne (Reader), Ayala, Alfred (Reader).
Subjects/Keywords: Early Life Stress
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APA (6th Edition):
Gawuga, C. (2016). Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:674288/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gawuga, Cyrena. “Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Brown University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:674288/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gawuga, Cyrena. “Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Gawuga C. Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brown University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:674288/.
Council of Science Editors:
Gawuga C. Psychoneuroimmunology of Early Life Stress: Immune Response,
Inflammation, and Illness in Healthy Adults. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brown University; 2016. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:674288/
Boston University
5.
Hamdan, Hebah Mohammed.
The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries.
Degree: Doctor of Science in Dentistry, Dental Public Health, 2016, Boston University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/18732
► OBJECTIVES: This dissertation was divided into two studies. The aim of the first study was to investigate whether there is an association between diet quality…
(more)
▼ OBJECTIVES: This dissertation was divided into two studies. The aim of the first study was to investigate whether there is an association between diet quality of preschool children and their caregivers. The aim of the second study was to examine the relationship of children diet quality and dental caries risk.
METHODS: The study utilized a longitudinal population-based data of a representative sample of low-income African American families in Detroit, Michigan. Analyses were limited to 522 children aged 3-5 years old and their primary caregivers. For caregivers, dietary histories were obtained at wave I using the Block 98.2 food frequency questionnaire. For children, dietary histories were obtained at wave I and wave II using the Block Kids Food Questionnaire. Healthy Eating Index-2005 was used to evaluate overall diet quality. Dental caries in primary teeth were measured by the ICDAS criteria. The mean number of decayed surfaces (noncavitated and cavitated), missing, and filled surfaces for each child was estimated. Statistical analyses were conducted using SAS 9.4 and STATA 14 to account for the complex sampling design.
RESULTS: The first study found that the mean total HEI-2005 scores were 57.47 for caregivers at wave I, 56.04 for children at wave I, and 57.39 for children at wave II indicating that the diet quality of this population needs improvement. Significant, positive relationship was found between caregivers-child overall diet quality at wave I (β=0.35; p <0.0001) and wave II (β=0.31; p <0.0001).
The second study found that children who had high diet quality or improved their diet quality throughout the study period had significantly lower dental caries incidence compared to those with low diet quality scores (IRR = 0.59 and 0.55, respectively) (CI = 0.36-0.96 and 0.35-0.86 , respectively).
CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that caregiver’s and children’s diet quality are associated. Therefore, caregiver’s diet quality should be considered in efforts to improve diets of their children. Additionally, preschooler children in our study with improved diet quality showed lower caries incidence. These results suggest that strategies and intervention to prevent dental caries among children should focus on improving overall diet quality.
Subjects/Keywords: Dentistry; Diet; Caregiver diet; Dental caries; Diet quality; Early childhood caries; Healthy eating index
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APA (6th Edition):
Hamdan, H. M. (2016). The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/18732
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Hamdan, Hebah Mohammed. “The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2144/18732.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Hamdan, Hebah Mohammed. “The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Hamdan HM. The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/18732.
Council of Science Editors:
Hamdan HM. The association between diet quality as measured by healthy eating index and early childhood caries. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/18732
Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
6.
Lampert, Carine.
Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta.
Degree: 2017, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286
► A infância e a adolescência são períodos sensíveis de maturação neuronal, caracterizados por alta plasticidade de circuitos encefálicos em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do…
(more)
▼ A infância e a adolescência são períodos sensíveis de maturação neuronal, caracterizados por alta plasticidade de circuitos encefálicos em desenvolvimento, como é o caso do sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico. Experiências estressantes neste período, como o isolamento social (IS), podem produzir neuroadaptações nesses circuitos e aumentar a vulnerabilidade ao consumo de drogas e de alimentos palatáveis ao longo da vida. Tendo em vista que extensa literatura analisa longos períodos de isolamento social, que não são modelos adequados para o estresse por isolamento que ocorre em sociedades humanas, o objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos de uma exposição curta ao isolamento social durante o período pré-púbere sobre o sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico e a susceptibilidade para o abuso de drogas e para o consumo compulsivo de alimento palatável em ratas Wistar fêmeas, na idade adulta. Também foi objetivo avaliar o papel da exposição crônica a uma dieta rica em sacarose (DRS) sobre estas variáveis. Como resultados, foi observado que o IS aumentou a resposta locomotora a um desafio com anfetamina, bem como aumentou, no estriado dorsal, o imunoconteúdo do transportador de dopamina, da enzima tirosina hidroxilase e diminuiu os níveis do receptor D2 de dopamina (D2R); além disso, os animais submetidos ao IS na pré-puberdade apresentaram aumento nos parâmetros relacionados ao estresse oxidativo após o desafio. De modo interessante, a exposição a DRS preveniu os efeitos do IS sobre a resposta locomotora, mas não afetou os parâmetros dopaminérgicos. O IS também diminuiu o imunoconteúdo basal de D2R no núcleo accumbens (NAc) e estimulou o consumo do tipo-compulsivo de alimento doce (Froot Loops®). A DRS não interferiu nestes parâmetros. Observamos também que o IS não alterou os níveis basais de corticosterona plasmática, enquanto que a DRS diminuiu tais níveis. Os registros das correntes excitatórias pós-sinápticas (CEPS) espontâneas indicaram, como resultado preliminar, que a DRS reduziu o tempo de subida das CEPS, indicando uma resposta glutamatérgica fugaz. Os achados deste estudo demonstram pela primeira vez que um período curto de IS em uma fase crítica do desenvolvimento é capaz de programar o sistema mesolímbico dopaminérgico de forma a aumentar a susceptibilidade tanto ao uso de drogas quanto ao consumo do tipo-aditivo de alimento doce. Esses efeitos podem ser em parte explicados pela redução dos níveis de D2R basal no NAc e pela maior estimulação do sistema dopaminérgico no estriado frente a um desafio com anfetamina. Os achados desta tese sugerem que experiências estressantes, como o isolamento social, durante um período crítico do desenvolvimento é capaz de programar o sistema de recompensa encefálico de forma permanente e aumentar a susceptibilidade a comportamentos aditivos na vida adulta. Identificar fatores preditores de propensão a esse tipo de comportamento é importante para prevenir o desenvolvimento de dependência de drogas e/ou de distúrbios alimentares, além de possibilitar a identificação de…
Advisors/Committee Members: Dalmaz, Carla.
Subjects/Keywords: Isolamento social; Early life stress; Carboidratos na dieta; Food addiction; Drug abuse; Pré-púbere; High sugar diet; Estresse; Social isolation; Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias; Comportamento alimentar; Receptores dopaminérgicos
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Lampert, C. (2017). Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lampert, Carine. “Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta.” 2017. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lampert, Carine. “Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lampert C. Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lampert C. Isolamento social precoce, acesso crônico à dieta rica em sacarose e a programação do sistema dopaminérgico: susceptibilidade a psicoestimulantes e a alimento palatável na vida adulta. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173286
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Newcastle
7.
Nguyen, Duc Hoai.
Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Newcastle
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1408606
► Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects up to 300 million people worldwide. The disease is driven…
(more)
▼ Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects up to 300 million people worldwide. The disease is driven by aberrant immune responses to non-specific stimuli, which is characterised by the activation of mast cells, eosinophils and type 2 T helper (TH2) cells. These immune cells release mediators which cause injury to the airway mucosa and surrounding tissues and result in mucosal swelling, mucous secreting cell hyperplasia and metaplasia and oedema. These responses are accompanied by exaggerated sensitivity of the airways to non-specific stimuli, a phenomenon known as airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Together, these responses results in a narrowing of the airways leading to wheezing, widespread airflow obstruction and breathing difficulties associated with asthma. <i>Chlamydia</i> is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that is a common cause of respiratory infection in infants and adults. There is substantial evidence from both clinical and experimental studies that identify an association between <i>Chlamydia</i> respiratory infection in early life and the development of chronic lung disease in later life. Previous experimental studies from our group showed that neonatal and infant but not adult <i>Chlamydia</i> respiratory infection results in increased AHR in later life, with neonatal <i>Chlamydia</i> respiratory infection also resulting in permanent emphysema-like alveolar enlargement. In the background of these studies, the aim of the studies described in this thesis were to profile the immune responses underlying these observations, to identify the physiological mechanisms underlying early-life infection-induced AHR and to investigate several potential therapies for the long-term deleterious consequences of early life respiratory infection. In Chapter 2, we identify the role of the TLR2 and the IL-13 signalling pathways in the development of <i>Chlamydia</i>-induced AHR. Activation of the TLR2 signalling pathway led to the activation of the IL-13 signalling pathway and the up-regulation of miR-21. Genetic deletion of either TLR2 or IL-13 as well as inhibiting miR-21 expression protected mice against <i>Chlamydia</i> infection-induced AHR. In Chapter 3, we demonstrate that small airways have little contribution to the development of infection-induced AHR. Early-life <i>Chlamydia</i> infection increased collagen deposition around the small airways, but had no effect on small airway smooth muscle thickness or small airway epithelial layer tight junction factors. Finally, early-life <i>Chlamydia</i> infection had no effect on small airway contractility. In Chapter 4, we investigated the effect of targeting two signalling pathways: PI3K and PP2A signalling pathways and two potential treatments: dexamethasone and antibiotics. We first demonstrate that treatment with antibiotics during infection protected mice against infection-induced AHR, but promoted persistent AHR in non-infected mice. We then demonstrate that targeting either the PI3K…
Advisors/Committee Members: University of Newcastle. Faculty of Health & Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy.
Subjects/Keywords: asthma; chlamydia; early-life infection
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Nguyen, D. H. (2019). Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Newcastle. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1408606
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nguyen, Duc Hoai. “Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Newcastle. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1408606.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nguyen, Duc Hoai. “Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Nguyen DH. Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1408606.
Council of Science Editors:
Nguyen DH. Investigating the mechanisms that underpin early-life Chlamydia respiratory infection-induced chronic lung disease using a neonatal C. muridarum mouse model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Newcastle; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1408606
University of New South Wales
8.
Elliott, Nathalie.
The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation.
Degree: Psychology, 2019, University of New South Wales
URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63234
;
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59869/SOURCE02?view=true
► Epidemiological research suggests that early life stress contributes to the risk of developing an anxiety disorder. One factor that has been implicated in the pathogenesis…
(more)
▼ Epidemiological research suggests that
early life stress contributes to the risk of developing an anxiety disorder. One factor that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of anxiety is generalisation, yet generalisation has never been explored in the context of
early life stress. Hence, in this thesis, I examined the link between
early life stress and generalisation. To do this, I used maternal separation, a rodent model for
early life stress, where pups are separated from the dam for 3 hours a day from postnatal day 2 to 14. In Chapter 2, I examined whether
early life stress increased cue generalisation. I found that maternal separation had no effect on generalisation when the conditioned and generalisation stimuli were relatively similar (i.e., 2 tones). However, in contrast to my predictions, it was found that
early life stress reduced the generalisation of cue conditioning in both male and female rats when stimuli were less similar (i.e., a tone and a white noise). The second series of experiments (i.e., Chapter 3) investigated whether
early life adversity decreased the generalisation of fear inhibition, as reductions in fear inhibition might contribute to anxiety. There was no effect of maternal separation on the generalisation of extinction when the stimuli were relatively similar (i.e., two tones). However, in line with my predictions,
early life stress reduced the generalisation of extinction when cues were less similar (i.e., a tone and a white noise). In Chapter 4, I explored whether
early life adversity increased the generalisation of context fear. I found that
early life stress resulted in a faster rate of context generalisation. Moreover, treatments that typically reduce generalisation in standard reared animals were not helpful for maternally separated animals. Taken together, these experiments contribute to our understanding of how
early life stress affects fear generalisation, and suggests a possible pathway by which adversity might contribute to the emergence of psychopathology. In addition, these studies highlight the differences between context and cue generalisation. Potential reasons for these disparities are discussed in the final Chapter, as well as possible avenues for future research.
Advisors/Committee Members: Richardson, Rick, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW.
Subjects/Keywords: Early life stress; Generalisation
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APA (6th Edition):
Elliott, N. (2019). The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63234 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59869/SOURCE02?view=true
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Elliott, Nathalie. “The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63234 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59869/SOURCE02?view=true.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Elliott, Nathalie. “The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Elliott N. The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63234 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59869/SOURCE02?view=true.
Council of Science Editors:
Elliott N. The effects of early life stress on fear generalisation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/63234 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:59869/SOURCE02?view=true
9.
Huynh, Thanh Toi.
Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet.
Degree: 2014, Ghent University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5698576
► The aim of this study was to determine the dietary role of bacteria in Artemia culture. In the first study, bacteria associated in Artemia culture…
(more)
▼ The aim of this study was to determine the dietary role of bacteria in Artemia culture. In the first study, bacteria associated in Artemia culture were isolated and fed to germ-free Artemia nauplii under gnotobiotic cultutre condition (with a known flora) in 6 days experimental period. The results showed that among nines isolated (HT1-HT9), some bacteria could be a food source when offered as a sole food. Among nine isolates, HT3 and HT6 fed Artemia had higher survival and growth, for this reason HT3 and HT6 was included in the second study where mixed diets between bacteria and microalgae were fed to Artemia under gnotobiotic culture condition. In this study, 15N stable isotope was used to label on microalgae in the mixed
diet. After 24 h feeding period, 15N accumulated in the Artemia tissue from microalgae were analyzed. The results show that, when bacteria were offered as food together with microalgae there may be enhanced assimilation of nitrogen from microalgae, as compared to the algal mono-
diet. In the last study, heterotrophic bacteria were enhanced to grow by sucrose addition from day 2 after hatching (DAH2) onwards within the Artemia culture vials. The assimilation of bacteria by Artemia was evaluated with different depressive feeding regimes: standard feeding regime (SF), half of SF regime (SF1/2), one third of SF regime (SF1/3) and one fourth of SF regime (SF1/4). 15N stable isotope and fatty acids were used as study tools to follow the assimilation of bacteria by Artemia. The results at DAH15 showed that, Artemia biomass production increased in all sucrose addition treatments as compared to the control culture without sucrose addition. Particularly, the Artemia biomass production in the SF1/3 regime with carbon addition treatment was equal to that obtained in the SF regime treatment (without carbon addition). The results of fatty acids level and 15N accumulation in Artemia tissue showed that Artemia fed on bacteria, especially in the algae-limited conditions. Our results, however, still remain to be confirmed in pond culture conditions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bossier, Peter, Van Stappen, Gilbert.
Subjects/Keywords: Biology and Life Sciences; diet; Artemia; bacteria
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APA (6th Edition):
Huynh, T. T. (2014). Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet. (Thesis). Ghent University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5698576
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Huynh, Thanh Toi. “Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet.” 2014. Thesis, Ghent University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5698576.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Huynh, Thanh Toi. “Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Huynh TT. Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5698576.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Huynh TT. Contribution of bacteria to the Artemia diet. [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-5698576
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Cambridge
10.
Li, Liming.
Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health.
Degree: 2019, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/310344
► The study of health inequalities has increasingly recognised that experiences in early life may have consequences for health problems in later life that unfold across…
(more)
▼ The study of health inequalities has increasingly recognised that experiences in early life may have consequences for health problems in later life that unfold across the life course. Despite the accumulating evidence in the life course study on the early origins of adult health, the nature and strength of associations vary considerably. This thesis adds to existing literature by focusing on aversity in adolescence during the quasi-experiment of the Chinese Cultural Revolution (CR, 1966-1976), which led to the temporary shut-down of the national educational system and approximately 17 million urban youths being “sent-down” to do manual labour in rural China. I use data from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies to examine the early origins of later adult health, by integrating inter- and intra-cohort analysis and intergenerational perspectives. First, I quantify the impact of the sent-down experience on later life health by comparing the CR cohort (born in 1947-1960) and their adjacent cohorts (born in 1935-1946 and 1961-1972), using a regression discontinuity design. I find no causal evidence that the sent-down experience influenced older adult health. Second, I explore intra-cohort heterogeneity by analysing three subgroups of the CR cohort: those never sent-down (stayers), those sent-down for no more than 5 years (early-returners) and those sent-down who returned home after 5 or more years (late-returners). Using regression analysis, I find a significant negative health penalty of send down for late- returners. However, propensity score matching indicates that such disadvantages are due to the selection of coming from politically unfavourable family backgrounds during the CR in the first place. Third, I examine intergenerational reverse transfer of children’s education on parents’ health, with the surprising finding that children’s higher education is negatively associated with parental health for parents with sent-down experience. Instrumental variable analysis based on educational expansion reform indicates that the health impact of children’s education is due to the selection effects of parental midlife circumstances. Taken together, these findings uncover the complex nature of the associations between early adversity and later life health in post-CR China, a society that continues to feature rapid social and institutional change and high levels of family integration. The absence of health penalty from sent-down experience in the CR case also indicates that late adolescence may not be as critical or sensitive as earlier life stages when studying long- term health consequences from adverse experiences.
Subjects/Keywords: Early life experience; later life health; China
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Li, L. (2019). Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/310344
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Li, Liming. “Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/310344.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Li, Liming. “Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health.” 2019. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Li L. Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/310344.
Council of Science Editors:
Li L. Youths of the Chinese Cultural Revolution: A Study on Early Life Sent-down Experience and Later Life Health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2019. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/310344
University of Otago
11.
D'Mello, Giselle Isadora.
Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
.
Degree: 2011, University of Otago
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2039
► Dental caries has been shown to be the most prevalent chronic disease in early childhood. Early childhood caries (ECC) has been linked to higher caries…
(more)
▼ Dental caries has been shown to be the most prevalent chronic disease in
early childhood.
Early childhood caries (ECC) has been linked to higher caries experience in adolescence. Common risk factors associated with dental caries – oral hygiene,
diet, SES, and ethnicity – have also been associated with poorer oral health (dental erosion and periodontal health) and general health (adiposity and psychological health) conditions. Long-term studies suggest that behaviours established in
early childhood are maintained into adulthood. The current study aimed to assess if children who had comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia for
early childhood caries had higher risk of poorer oral and general health in adolescence than children who had not.
The specific objectives were to assess the effect of
early childhood caries on oral and general health outcomes in adolescents, to assess the associations between oral and general health measures in adolescence, and to assess the impact of the common risk factors on health in adolescence.
An in vivo matched case-control study was designed to assess the differences between children who had comprehensive dental treatment under general anaesthesia in
early childhood and those who had minimal or no dental problems in
early childhood. The case group was selected from Paediatric Dentistry records at the School of Dentistry. The control group was either volunteered by the case group or randomly identified from School Dental Service data. All children completed questionnaires to assess oral health behaviours,
diet, self-esteem, dental anxiety, and oral-health-related-quality-of-
life. They also received a clinical assessment that recorded dental caries status, erosion status, periodontal health status, and malocclusion status of the teeth. General health (adiposity) was clinically assessed through the child’s height, weight, and waist circumference. Univariate and bivariate statistics were computed using SPSS version 19 and STATA version 10. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05.
The current study had a low response rate with only 23 percent of invited case participants completing the study. The control group had similar sociodemographic characteristics to the case group, except for age. The control group was statistically significantly older (0.4 years), than the case group. The case group was found to be more likely to have severe erosion and more than four times more likely to have caries in the permanent dentition than the control group. Although not statistically significant, the case group also had a higher prevalence of moderate gingivitis and participants with a “handicapping” malocclusion. Dental caries experience was statistically significantly associated with obesity. A higher prevalence of Māori /Pacific children were identified as overweight, obese, and with excess central adiposity. A higher proportion of the case group was classified overweight, obese, with excess central adiposity, dentally anxious, and with poorer OHRQoL but these…
Advisors/Committee Members: Drummond, Bernadette K (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Early childhood caries;
Dental caries;
Periodontal disease;
Diet;
Overweight;
Psychological health
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
D'Mello, G. I. (2011). Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2039
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
D'Mello, Giselle Isadora. “Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2039.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
D'Mello, Giselle Isadora. “Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
.” 2011. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
D'Mello GI. Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2039.
Council of Science Editors:
D'Mello GI. Long-term oral and general health outcomes in adolescents who had extensive decay in early childhood
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2039
University of Alberta
12.
Paul, Julilla.
Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa.
Degree: MA, Department of Anthropology, 2016, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ctx31qh90v
► Weaning and early childhood diet offer insight into resource availability and resource choice as well as cultural prescriptions of agency, normalcy, and health in early…
(more)
▼ Weaning and early childhood diet offer insight into
resource availability and resource choice as well as cultural
prescriptions of agency, normalcy, and health in early life.
Weaning practices are the result of the interaction between
biological, ecological, and cultural factors. When weaning is
initiated, what foods are chosen for supplementation, how these
foods are processed and who chooses the components of diet in early
life inform on the biological, ecological, and cultural realities
of groups in the past in turn. This thesis employs dental wear data
to examine early childhood diet among foragers in southern Africa.
Variation in dental wear has two primary determinants: the length
of time teeth have been in occlusion (dental age) and the relative
abrasiveness of the diet. The former is easily captured in young
juveniles due to the accuracy of dental age estimates at this stage
of life. The latter may be examined by variables influencing food
choice and preparation. Until recently, methods of examining dental
wear in deciduous teeth relied on standards borrowed from studies
of wear on permanent teeth. These fail to accurately characterize
wear. However, new methods of measuring deciduous dental wear
quantitatively warrant an exploration of what kind of data can be
drawn using this approach. Just as deciduous dental wear is
understudied in the literature, so is weaning and early childhood
diet among archaeologically-known foragers. This study analyzes
wear in a sample of 47 juvenile foragers drawn from collections
across South Africa. Individuals come from two distinct ecological
regions, the Cape and the Karoo, within the Holocene (10 000 BP -
present). Dental wear in the sample was expected to vary based on
ecological differences between the Cape and Karoo, temporal
differences due to the introduction of pastoralism to the region,
and the length of time teeth had been in occlusion (dental age). Of
the three variables, only dental age is significantly correlated
with dental wear. The apparent uniformity in early childhood diet,
implied by the dental wear data presented in this study, emphasizes
the need for further research. Currently, there is not enough
comparative data on deciduous dental wear to establish a proper
range of variation. Comparable studies will allow for
cross-cultural comparison to identify dietary factors influencing
dental wear during childhood. A lack of regional and temporal
patterning in dental wear, and by implication diet, in this sample
suggests unexpected homogeneity in this region. However, data on
early childhood diet is not by itself sufficient to define cultural
continuity across space and time. Future studies should interrogate
broader cultural similarities and distinctions between Cape and
Karoo foragers in Holocene southern Africa.
Subjects/Keywords: early childhood diet; weaning; dental wear; deciduous teeth; foragers; southern Africa
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APA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Paul, J. (2016). Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ctx31qh90v
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Paul, Julilla. “Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ctx31qh90v.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Paul, Julilla. “Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Paul J. Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ctx31qh90v.
Council of Science Editors:
Paul J. Dental Wear and Early Childhood Diet Among Foragers in
Southern Africa. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2016. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/ctx31qh90v
University of Cambridge
13.
Leggett, Samantha.
‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours.
Degree: PhD, 2021, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/316434
► This thesis is concerned with the impact of socio-economic, political and environmental shifts on Early Medieval communities, specifically England and its links with continental Europe.…
(more)
▼ This thesis is concerned with the impact of socio-economic, political and environmental shifts on Early Medieval communities, specifically England and its links with continental Europe. I have utilised multi-tissue (bone, dentine and enamel), multi-isotope (δ13C, δ15N, δ18O and 87/86Sr) and multi-proxy data to analyse the lifeways of people in Early Medieval England within a European context in a multi-scalar way (sub-continental, regional, kingdom and community scales). This meta-analytical approach has allowed me to investigate Early Medieval transitions across the first millennium AD and better characterise and disentangle human-environment interactions in the period. Throughout this thesis high levels of isotopic variability and cultural dynamism within Early Medieval communities are clear. The core themes of this work are – climate and environment, changing foodways and migration. This approach has allowed me to better provenance people based on isotopic diversity and see cross-cultural contact. It also highlights the impact of climate change (the Late Antique Little Ice Age and Medieval Warm Period) on human δ18O values, showing the widespread and relatively rapid impact these events had on climate and on drinking water sources. The significant diachronic changes in both diet and in mobility patterns found here reflect the highly dynamic and far from insular position of England within Europe in the first millennium AD. My analyses support a model of continual and relatively large-scale migration from the continent Europe across the period, and changes to foodways which reflect not just shifts in economics and agricultural practice but changing worldviews (e.g. the impacts of Christianisation). Isotopic data when combined with archaeo-historical evidence show that identity construction in Early Medieval communities was highly complex, and there is no clear link between isotopic patterns, genetics and grave goods usually seen as “ethnic” signifiers. I show that these were multi-origin communities in continual contact through long-distance networks which influenced the changes we see throughout the first millennium AD.
Subjects/Keywords: archaeology; isotopes; early medieval; europe; diet; mobility; medieval; bioarchaeology
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Leggett, S. (2021). ‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/316434
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Leggett, Samantha. “‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours.” 2021. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/316434.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Leggett, Samantha. “‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours.” 2021. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Leggett S. ‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2021. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/316434.
Council of Science Editors:
Leggett S. ‘Tell me what you eat, and I will tell you who you are’: A Multi-Tissue and Multi-Scalar Isotopic Study of Diet and Mobility in Early Medieval England and its European Neighbours. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2021. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/316434
14.
Lazzarotto, Viviana.
Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences agronomiques, biotechnologies agro-alimentaires, 2016, Pau
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3002
► Au cours des dernières années, l'augmentation de la production aquacole a nécessité un changement dans la composition des aliments pour poissons, pour remplacer la farine…
(more)
▼ Au cours des dernières années, l'augmentation de la production aquacole a nécessité un changement dans la composition des aliments pour poissons, pour remplacer la farine (FP) et l’huile de poisson (HP) par des sources végétales plus disponibles. Dans ce contexte, le travail de ma thèse avait pour but d'analyser les effets d’une substitution totale et concomitante de la FP et HP par des ingrédients végétaux dans les aliments distribués pendant tout le cycle de vie de la truite arc-en-ciel, de la première alimentation jusqu’à la reproduction. Ce travail a montré pour la première fois que la truite peut survivre, se développer et avoir une descendance viable, lorsqu’elle est nourrie tout au long de son cycle de vie avec un régime 100% végétal. Un tel remplacement alimentaire a entraîné des changements radicaux dans le profil en acides gras des tissus des femelles. Cependant, nous avons constaté que la truite était capable de synthétiser des acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaîne n-3 (AGPI-LC n-3) à partir de précurseurs présents dans l'aliment, et de stocker dans les ovules une partie de ces acides gras néosynthétisés dans le foie , permettant ainsi une reproduction efficace. Nous avons également étudié les possibles effets trans-générationnels d’une alimentation 100% végétale des géniteurs, sur la survie et la croissance de la descendance et sur sa réponse à différents régimes aux stades précoces, en nous appuyant sur des analyses du transcriptome des alevins entiers. Aucun effet significatif de l’alimentation maternelle avec des régimes à base de végétaux n’a été observé sur les descendants avant leur première alimentation, à l'exception d'un poids corporel légèrement inférieur (-13%) à celui des descendants de femelles nourries avec un aliment contenant des FP et HP. En revanche, des effets significatifs de l'alimentation maternelle sur le transcriptome des alevins sont apparus après 3 semaines d'alimentation. L'histoire nutritionnelle de la mère a affecté principalement des gènes impliqués dans la croissance/contraction musculaire et dans les métabolismes énergétique et glucidique. Quelle que soit l'origine maternelle, l’alimentation des alevins avec des aliments contenant des ingrédients végétaux conduit à une régulation positive des gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme des AA/protéines et le métabolisme du cholestérol, ainsi qu’à des changements dans l'expression des gènes impliqués dans le métabolisme glucidique. Enfin, les effets à long-terme de régimes à base de matières premières végétales chez la truite arc-en-ciel ont également été étudiés chez les juvéniles (10g) et les poissons «en croissance» (250-350g), en se focalisant principalement sur l’expression des gènes dans l’intestin et le foie. Cette étude à long-terme a mis en évidence chez les juvéniles des effets subtils sur des gènes intestinaux et hépatiques (transcriptome), avec principalement une augmentation de l’expression des gènes impliqués dans les voies de synthèse des AGPI-LC et du cholestérol chez les poissons nourris avec des régimes à base…
Advisors/Committee Members: Médale, Françoise (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Nutrition des poissons; Truite arc-en-ciel; Régime végétal; AGPI-LC n-3; Cycle complet d’élevage; Reproducteurs; Stades précoces; Microarray; Fish nutrition; Rainbow trout; Plant-based diet; N-3 LC-PUFA; Whole life cicle; Broodstock; Early stages; Microarray.
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APA (6th Edition):
Lazzarotto, V. (2016). Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages. (Doctoral Dissertation). Pau. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3002
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lazzarotto, Viviana. “Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Pau. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3002.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lazzarotto, Viviana. “Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Lazzarotto V. Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Pau; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3002.
Council of Science Editors:
Lazzarotto V. Conséquences à long-terme d’une alimentation à base de matières premières végétales sur la régulation du métabolisme énergétique et lipidique chez la truite arc-en-ciel : focus particulier sur les effets trans-générationnels et les stades précoces : Consequences of long-term feeding trout with plant-based diets on the regulation of energy and lipid metabolism : special focus on trans-generational effects and early stages. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Pau; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3002
Université de Lorraine
15.
Soualeh, Nidhal.
Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model.
Degree: Docteur es, Écotoxicologie, biodiversité, écosystèmes, 2017, Université de Lorraine
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288
► Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons évalué les effets inflammatoires, comportementaux et cognitifs de l’exposition périnatale des souris à trois matrices alimentaires d’anguilles, reflétant…
(more)
▼ Dans ce travail de thèse, nous avons évalué les effets inflammatoires, comportementaux et cognitifs de l’exposition périnatale des souris à trois matrices alimentaires d’anguilles, reflétant 3 niveaux de pollution (faible, moyenne et haute), tout en considérant le sexe de la progéniture ainsi que les différentes phases d’âges. Les réponses inflammatoires ont été évaluées, aussi bien au niveau cérébral, y compris dans les cellules de la microglie, qu’au niveau périphérique, à 4 stades de vie distincts, et ce dès la naissance jusqu’à l’âge moyen. Chez les souriceaux, mâles et femelles, dont leurs génitrices ont consommé de l’anguille contaminée, durant la période gestationnelle et lactationnelle, vs les témoins dont leurs mères ont consommé uniquement la diète standard, nos résultats ont montré une neuro-inflammation précoce et prononcée, ainsi qu’une production accrue des marqueurs pro-inflammatoires par les cellules de la microglie durant la période néonatale et postnatale. Cette réponse pro-inflammatoire a été chronique puisqu’elle a été à nouveau détectée même à un âge avancé (âges adulte et moyen). Nos résultats mettraient en évidence l’activation et la polarisation des cellules de la microglie depuis la naissance, chez les animaux exposés, vers le phénotype M1, susceptible d’induire les effets neurotoxiques apparus beaucoup plus tard dans les stades de la vie. En effet, un comportement dépressif-like a été observé à l’âge adulte uniquement chez les mâles. Cette altération sexe dépendante du comportement de résignation a été attribuée à l’hyperactivation de l’axe de stress, l’axe hypothalamique pituitaire surrénalien, mise en évidence par une forte production de la corticostérone chez les mâles à l’âge adulte. Chez les femelles, nous avons mis en évidence le développement d’un comportement hyperactif dès l’âge adulte, et d’un déclin cognitif à l’âge moyen. Nos résultats suggèrent que le déficit de la mémoire de rétention des femelles d’âge moyen exposées périnatalement à des anguilles moyennement et hautement contaminées serait lié à la diminution significative de l’activation à la fois d’ERK ½ et du NF-κB ainsi qu’à la réduction significative du taux d’acétylcholine, détectées au niveau de l’hippocampe de ces souris. A partir de ces données et de celles obtenues par d’autres membres de notre équipe, il apparait de plus en plus pertinent de prendre en considération le risque du couplage des effets neuro-oxydatif et neuro-inflammatoire dans la genèse de nombreux troubles cognitifs et comportementaux surtout de manière tardive et irréversible. Cela pourrait également être à l’origine d’une fragilité et d’une imprégnation précoce de différentes populations cellulaires qui conduiraient tardivement à une dégénérescence précoce des cellules en particulier au niveau neuronal et glial. En conclusion, nos résultats suggèrent une programmation périnatale sexe-dépendante des troubles, mis en évidence aussi bien sur le plan comportemental que sur le plan cognitif chez les souris dont leurs mères ont consommé de l’anguille…
Advisors/Committee Members: Soulimani, Rachid (thesis director), Bouayed, Jaouad (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Age; Anguilles polluées; Axe HPA; Comportement; Déficit mnésique; Effet dépressif-like; Effet Sexe; Hyperactivité; Exposition périnatale; Inflammation; Mémoire à long terme; Microglie; Programmation périnatale; Cognitive deficit; Depressive-like behavior; Early-life exposure; HPA axis; Hyperactivity; Inflammation; Later-life; Long-term memory; Maternal diet; Microglia; Perinatal programming; Polluted eels; Sex effect; 636.089 639; 573.863 8
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APA (6th Edition):
Soualeh, N. (2017). Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Lorraine. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Soualeh, Nidhal. “Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Lorraine. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Soualeh, Nidhal. “Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Soualeh N. Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Lorraine; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288.
Council of Science Editors:
Soualeh N. Évaluation des effets neuro-inflammatoires de l’exposition périnatale aux anguilles (Anguilla anguilla L.) contaminées naturellement aux polluants organiques persistants sur le comportement et les fonctions cognitives dans un modèle murin : Evaluation of neuroinflammatory effects of perinatal exposure to contaminated eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) by persistent organic pollutants on behavior and cognitive functions using a mouse model. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Lorraine; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0288
University of Toronto
16.
Paramathas, Sangeetha.
Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/101212
► Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a biomarker that has been shown to be valuable in a variety of contexts in clinical oncology such as determining…
(more)
▼ Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a biomarker that has been shown to be valuable in a variety of contexts in clinical oncology such as determining prognosis, monitoring treatment and predicting recurrence.
Early detection using ctDNA may be invaluable for patients with a genetic risk to develop cancers. Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by inherited mutations in the tumor suppressor gene, TP53. LFS is characterized by
early onset of a wide spectrum of tumors and an 83-fold lifetime risk of multiple cancers. The 'Toronto Protocol' is a multi-modality clinical surveillance protocol that was developed to facilitate
early cancer detection in this population. The protocol utilizes a combination of MRI scans, ultrasounds, biochemical tests, and physical examinations. Though it has been shown to be effective in reducing tumor related mortality and treatment related morbidity, reduced sensitivity and specificity make clinical surveillance challenging to implement. To address these challenges, we are using a combination of xenograft and spontaneous tumor forming animal models to study the dynamics of ctDNA in relation to tumor burden and to resolve the feasibility of capturing the development of tumors at their earliest stages.
Our work using a rhabdomyosarcoma xenograft model demonstrated that there is a strong relationship between tumor burden and ctDNA concentration in the blood. Furthermore, we detected ctDNA during the development of small,
early lesions using simulated metastasis models. In a follow-up study, we used a Trp53R172H/+ pre-clinical model of LFS to assess the use of ctDNA as a surveillance tool for
early detection of spontaneously developing tumors. We were able to identify ctDNA in blood samples collected before and at the onset of tumor formation as confirmed by radiological imaging and subsequently used ctDNA to monitor cancer progression.
Our studies provide the first evidence demonstrating the capacity of circulating tumor DNA for
early cancer detection in pediatric sarcomas, specifically arising from a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome. Given the spontaneous nature of tumor formation in LFS, the benefits of
early cancer detection and subsequent diagnosis are unparalleled in this patient population by accelerating introduction of
early treatment intervention and improving disease prognosis. This work illustrates the capacity for ctDNA detection to complement and enhance cancer surveillance protocols in LFS patients. Furthermore, the outcomes of this study will support the validation and implementation of ctDNA analysis for cancer surveillance in the clinic.
Advisors/Committee Members: Malkin, David, Medical Biophysics.
Subjects/Keywords: ctDNA; Early Detection; Li-Fraumeni Syndrome; Liquid Biopsies; Sarcomas; Surveillance; 0992
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Paramathas, S. (2020). Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/101212
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Paramathas, Sangeetha. “Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/101212.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Paramathas, Sangeetha. “Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Paramathas S. Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/101212.
Council of Science Editors:
Paramathas S. Investigating the use of circulating tumor DNA for cancer surveillance and early detection in (pediatric) sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni Syndrome. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/101212
University of Cambridge
17.
Heider, Katrin.
Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge
URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/303618
► Liquid biopsies, using analytes such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), can detect and quantify cancer in a minimally invasive way and can provide information on…
(more)
▼ Liquid biopsies, using analytes such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), can detect and quantify cancer in a minimally invasive way and can provide information on tumour heterogeneity. Current limitations in the liquid biopsy field are centred around the general sensitivity of the present assays and the input and logistical requirements for sensitive detection.
While detection rates from liquid biopsy platforms are good when ctDNA levels and tumour burden are high, they are lacking the required sensitivity to detect cancer in the early stage and minimal residual disease setting. Here I present the INtegration of VAriant Reads (INVAR) pipeline, which can greatly enhance the sensitivity of ctDNA detection by utilising large patient specific mutation lists on sequencing data. The methodology can be applied to (custom) capture and (shallow) whole genome sequencing data and detects ctDNA down to parts per million, proving more sensitive than previously published methods. INVAR was applied to samples from 90 treatment naïve patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer to characterise the ctDNA levels and could provide a better sensitivity than comparable cohorts. In addition, I outsourced samples from 27 patients to be analysed with the InVisionSeqTM assay, which does not require a priori tumour information but proved to be less sensitive than INVAR.
I also assessed the potential for reducing the logistical burden in ctDNA analysis by sampling minimal blood volumes that do not require immediate processing. I interrogated if ctDNA can be detected from as little as a blood spot and show ctDNA detection using this approach in both, xenograft and human samples. ctDNA detection from blood spots provides a means to sample xenograft models without having to sacrifice the animal, allowing for longitudinal monitoring in this setting. It may also present an opportunity to frequently sample blood from patients and could reduce the logistical burden on sample collection and processing. In the future, after optimising the protocol, this could serve to reduce the complexity of clinical/translational studies. The removal of large DNA fragments using this protocol may also facilitate the analysis of ctDNA from archival cohorts where samples were collected under suboptimal conditions.
Subjects/Keywords: ctDNA; blood spots; cfDNA; liquid biopsy; NSCLC; NGS; cancer; early detection
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Heider, K. (2020). Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/303618
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heider, Katrin. “Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/303618.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heider, Katrin. “Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Heider K. Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/303618.
Council of Science Editors:
Heider K. Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/303618
University of Cambridge
18.
Heider, Katrin.
Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Cambridge
URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.50695
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.801898
► Liquid biopsies, using analytes such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), can detect and quantify cancer in a minimally invasive way and can provide information on…
(more)
▼ Liquid biopsies, using analytes such as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA), can detect and quantify cancer in a minimally invasive way and can provide information on tumour heterogeneity. Current limitations in the liquid biopsy field are centred around the general sensitivity of the present assays and the input and logistical requirements for sensitive detection. While detection rates from liquid biopsy platforms are good when ctDNA levels and tumour burden are high, they are lacking the required sensitivity to detect cancer in the early stage and minimal residual disease setting. Here I present the INtegration of VAriant Reads (INVAR) pipeline, which can greatly enhance the sensitivity of ctDNA detection by utilising large patient specific mutation lists on sequencing data. The methodology can be applied to (custom) capture and (shallow) whole genome sequencing data and detects ctDNA down to parts per million, proving more sensitive than previously published methods. INVAR was applied to samples from 90 treatment naïve patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer to characterise the ctDNA levels and could provide a better sensitivity than comparable cohorts. In addition, I outsourced samples from 27 patients to be analysed with the InVisionSeqTM assay, which does not require a priori tumour information but proved to be less sensitive than INVAR. I also assessed the potential for reducing the logistical burden in ctDNA analysis by sampling minimal blood volumes that do not require immediate processing. I interrogated if ctDNA can be detected from as little as a blood spot and show ctDNA detection using this approach in both, xenograft and human samples. ctDNA detection from blood spots provides a means to sample xenograft models without having to sacrifice the animal, allowing for longitudinal monitoring in this setting. It may also present an opportunity to frequently sample blood from patients and could reduce the logistical burden on sample collection and processing. In the future, after optimising the protocol, this could serve to reduce the complexity of clinical/translational studies. The removal of large DNA fragments using this protocol may also facilitate the analysis of ctDNA from archival cohorts where samples were collected under suboptimal conditions.
Subjects/Keywords: ctDNA; blood spots; cfDNA; liquid biopsy; NSCLC; NGS; cancer; early detection
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Heider, K. (2020). Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.50695 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.801898
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Heider, Katrin. “Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.50695 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.801898.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Heider, Katrin. “Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Heider K. Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.50695 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.801898.
Council of Science Editors:
Heider K. Detection of trace levels of circulating tumour DNA in early stage non-small cell lung cancer. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2020. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.50695 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.801898
Harvard University
19.
Li, Linyan.
Urbanization and Health.
Degree: Doctor of Science (SD), 2017, Harvard University
URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42066820
► There has been rapid urbanization in China, the largest developing country in the world, which brings major changes to people’s lives. In addition to the…
(more)
▼ There has been rapid urbanization in China, the largest developing country in the world, which brings major changes to people’s lives. In addition to the change of socioeconomic status, most people also experience dramatic shifts in lifestyles and the residential environment. On one hand, people have more access to better resources, including healthcare, education, job opportunities, etc. In the meantime, however, the prevalence of some “Western symptoms”, including obesity and asthma, has been on the rise over the past few decades. Since the pace of urbanization is still fast and is likely to last, it is a critical time point to identify the factors that are connected to these diseases, which can provide evidence for individuals, companies and policy makers to make informed decisions in the future. Among the large number of factors that possibly affect people’s health, in this thesis we prioritize and discuss about three of them which are closely related to urbanization, and on which people make effective changes to avoid or reduce the negative impact.
The first aim is to study the association between migration status and respiratory symptoms. With the rapid urbanization in China, significant migration from rural to urban areas and between urban areas has been observed, and the difference from local urban population in lifestyles has not been filled yet. The migration trend is accompanied by a significant increase in the prevalence of asthma. In this aim, we contrast the health conditions between domestically migrating population and long-term residents and their children with a focus on asthma and allergic symptoms. It is found that children from migrant families have lower prevalence of asthma and other respiratory disease compared to the local families within our study population.
The finding of the first aim led us to explore further on the
early life exposure factors. In aim 2, we investigated the effect of cesarean section (C-section) on childhood asthma and obesity. The C-section rate has increased dramatically in the past 20 years. With more access to better healthcare facilities, more mothers choose delivery by C-section without medical necessity. While many studies have focused on the increased cost burden for the healthcare system, there is insufficient attention on the possible health consequences of elevated C-section rate. Our results indicated that C-section is a strong and consistent risk factor for developing asthma and allergic symptoms, as well as being overweight and obese.
For the third aim, a different angle is taken to explore the effect of neighborhood greenness and asthma/allergic diseases. Although green spaces are built with the intention of promoting physical activity and creating recreational facilities, there exists mixed evidence on how greenness is associated with respiratory health. We conducted a comprehensive evaluation of residential greenness by using different measures of greenness, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and distance to the closest park.…
Advisors/Committee Members: Spengler, John D. (advisor), Adamkiewicz, Gary (committee member), Coull, Brent (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: urbanization; asthma; migration; early life exposure; greenness
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APA (6th Edition):
Li, L. (2017). Urbanization and Health. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42066820
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Li, Linyan. “Urbanization and Health.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42066820.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Li, Linyan. “Urbanization and Health.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Li L. Urbanization and Health. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42066820.
Council of Science Editors:
Li L. Urbanization and Health. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2017. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42066820
University of South Africa
20.
Ndzube, Fezeka.
The relationship between career anchors and employability
.
Degree: 2013, University of South Africa
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11906
► In the post-industrial society, career management has become vitally important for assisting workers to be employable. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between career…
(more)
▼ In the post-industrial society, career management has become vitally important for assisting workers to be employable. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between career anchors and employability. The effort of researching these concepts is geared towards adding to the knowledge base in the field of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, so that the current organisation from which the sample was chosen and other organisations in South Africa can adopt a strong career management culture. A quantitative survey using primary data was conducted on a convenience sample (N=108) of full-time employees in a South African financial company. The Career Anchors Inventory (COI) and the Employability Attribute Scale (EAS) were used to gather data. The study found a statistically significant positive relationship between career anchors and employability. In addition, there were significant correlations between the sub-constructs of career anchors and employability, while significant differences in career anchor preferences and employability perceptions between males and females emerged. The only differences in career anchor preferences were detected between racial and age groups. The results indicate a mutual and positive relationship between career anchors and employability, which can be useful in career guidance in the 21st century.
Advisors/Committee Members: Oosthuizen, Rudolf Machiel (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Careers;
Career identity;
Early-life career stage
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APA (6th Edition):
Ndzube, F. (2013). The relationship between career anchors and employability
. (Masters Thesis). University of South Africa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11906
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ndzube, Fezeka. “The relationship between career anchors and employability
.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of South Africa. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11906.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ndzube, Fezeka. “The relationship between career anchors and employability
.” 2013. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ndzube F. The relationship between career anchors and employability
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of South Africa; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11906.
Council of Science Editors:
Ndzube F. The relationship between career anchors and employability
. [Masters Thesis]. University of South Africa; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10500/11906
Northeastern University
21.
Etchin, Anna G.
Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation.
Degree: PhD, School of Nursing, 2018, Northeastern University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20285381
► Military to civilian reintegration challenges affect nearly half of United States (US) veterans returning from post-9/11 conflicts, which includes Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, New…
(more)
▼ Military to civilian reintegration challenges affect nearly half of United States (US) veterans returning from post-9/11 conflicts, which includes Operations Enduring Freedom, Iraqi Freedom, New Dawn (OEF, OIF, OND), and current efforts to defeat networks of violent extremists. This has become a national concern. Additionally, traumatic exposure during formative years may influence future reactions to trauma. Holistic, theory-driven perspectives are warranted to explore complex risk and protective factors as well as reintegration outcomes among post-9/11 veterans. Further, evidence-based reintegration guidelines for reintegration clinical practice are lacking. The present dissertation sought to better understand reintegration from theoretical and empirical perspectives. Findings of this dissertation are threefold: 1) theory integration procedures resulted in a System Theory of Stress, Resilience, and Reintegration, 2) recent reintegration literature was synthesized and an accompanying clinical practice guideline is presented, and 3) results of a cross-sectional study of early life trauma, deployment stress, resilience resources, and reintegration are presented.
Subjects/Keywords: early life trauma; reintegration; resilience; theory; veteran
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APA (6th Edition):
Etchin, A. G. (2018). Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20285381
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Etchin, Anna G. “Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20285381.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Etchin, Anna G. “Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Etchin AG. Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20285381.
Council of Science Editors:
Etchin AG. Stress, resilience, and reintegration among post-9/11 us veterans: a holistic investigation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20285381
University of Edinburgh
22.
Wilson, Kathryn Sarah.
Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish.
Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9554
► Introduction Glucocorticoids (GCs) are synthesised endogenously in mammals by the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. These hormones can elicit a number…
(more)
▼ Introduction Glucocorticoids (GCs) are synthesised endogenously in mammals by the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis in response to stress. These hormones can elicit a number of physiological roles by binding to and activating specific receptors (glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid receptors- GR or MR). GCs are important in tissue development and maturation and commonly used therapeutically. Mammalian animal studies have suggested that over-exposure to GCs, whether pharmacologically or through induction of maternal stress, is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk in adult life. The underlying mechanisms underpinning this early life programming are poorly understood, however GC exposure during development may have direct and indirect effects on the structure and function of developing tissues and organs which may predispose to disease in later life. Current mammalian models of programming do not lend themselves well to studying organ development during embryogenesis. The zebrafish provides an ideal model to study this phenomenon due to the transparent nature of developing larvae and the availability of transgenic lines expressing fluorescent markers. Methods GC pathways were comprehensively characterised during zebrafish embryo development using qRT-PCR and steroid ELISAs. The physiological roles of GCs were assessed during early zebrafish development (first 120 hours post fertilisation (hpf)) assessing stress response, swim activity and global development following various genetic and pharmacological manipulations of the GC system. The impact that GC manipulation had on the cardiovascular system was also investigated. Embryos which had been exposed to GC manipulation during early development were then allowed to develop to adulthood in order to assess the long term impact. The same parameters were investigated in the adult as in the embryo. Results The key components of the GC system are present and functional in the developing embryo with de novo cortisol biosynthesis evident from 48hpf. A functioning hypothalamic pituitary inter-renal (HPI) axis is demonstrable from 72hpf. Manipulation of specific components of the GC pathway during early embryonic development influences growth-rate, head-trunk angle, chorion hatch-rate and swim behaviour. Manipulation of GCs during embryogenesis resulted in altered body weight, length and girth in adulthood, with altered stress response and swim behaviour also detected. Embryonic heart development was also affected with a reduction in ventricle cardiomyocyte number, cardiac gene abundance (vhmc) and cardiac function during embryogenesis resulting in structural abnormalities such as fewer trabeculae and increased intra-ventricular space. Embryonic GC manipulation also alters the formation and patterning of intersegmental blood vessels by 120hpf. In adulthood this manifests as a reduced angiogenic capacity. Conclusion The zebrafish embryo represents a valid and physiologically relevant model for GC research. Manipulation of GCs during early development results…
Subjects/Keywords: 597; zebrafish; glucocorticoids; early life programming
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APA (6th Edition):
Wilson, K. S. (2014). Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9554
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wilson, Kathryn Sarah. “Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9554.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wilson, Kathryn Sarah. “Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wilson KS. Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9554.
Council of Science Editors:
Wilson KS. Role of glucocorticoids in development and growth of the cardiovascular system in the zebrafish. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9554
University of Toronto
23.
Wilkin, Jennifer Carly.
Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression.
Degree: 2020, University of Toronto
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103189
► Fear learning is essential to survival, and is differentially expressed across our lifetime. Fear memories, while long-lasting and robust, can be attenuated by extinction, which…
(more)
▼ Fear learning is essential to survival, and is differentially expressed across our lifetime. Fear memories, while long-lasting and robust, can be attenuated by extinction, which is considerably less effective and can lead to relapse. While extinction in young animals leads to permanent fear erasure, in adult rodents extinction is inefficient, and fear memories tend to resurface. Two key brain areas, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala, are necessary for extinction learning. We investigated spontaneous recovery of auditory fear memory nine days after training in P15, P18, P21, P25 and P30 mice. We found that females exhibit this extinction switch between P21 and P25, whereas males may display an earlier switch between P18 and P21. Our future work will use optogenetics to precisely manipulate the mPFC-BLA circuit involved in fear extinction to determine the exact contribution of this circuit to the switch in extinction learning taking place in early life.
M.A.
Advisors/Committee Members: Arruda Carvalho, Maithe, Psychology.
Subjects/Keywords: amygdala; development; early life; fear; memory; 0317
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APA (6th Edition):
Wilkin, J. C. (2020). Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103189
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wilkin, Jennifer Carly. “Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression.” 2020. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103189.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wilkin, Jennifer Carly. “Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression.” 2020. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Wilkin JC. Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103189.
Council of Science Editors:
Wilkin JC. Age- and Sex-dependent Changes in Fear Memory Expression. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103189
University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
24.
Ospina, Emilie Ann.
Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine.
Degree: MS, Natural Res & Env Sciences, 2017, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97488
► Early-life conditions can have important implications for somatic and physiological development, and later life survival. For oviparous species, embryonic development occurs wholly within the egg.…
(more)
▼ Early-
life conditions can have important implications for somatic and physiological development, and later
life survival. For oviparous species, embryonic development occurs wholly within the egg. During this stage, there is good evidence that egg resources such as lipid and protein content and maternal hormones play a critical role in development. Much less is known, however, about the role of incubation temperature in shaping the phenotype. Among species in which one or both parents incubate, there is the possibility that changes in incubation behavior on the part of the parent(s) can impact the developing offspring. The vast majority of birds require bird-egg contact during incubation to maintain an appropriate environment for embryonic development. Therefore, understanding the ways in which incubation temperature influences variation in nestling growth and physiological development as well as survival may be of critical importance to bird conservation. I examined how variation in incubation temperature influences key aspects of nestling development in American robins (Turdus migratorius). Specifically, I sought to address whether incubation temperature influences (1) hatching success, (2) nestling growth rate and three key morphological characteristics, (3) development of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis and aspects of innate immune defenses in nestling robins, as well as associations between HPA axis activity and immune activity, and (4) nestling survival. From March to August of 2015 and 2016, I worked in a mixed coniferous tree farm in central Illinois, USA, and tracked growth, development of the HPA axis (responsible for stress hormone production, corticosterone) and innate immunity, and survival of nestling robins that were incubated as eggs in one of three temperature categories: 36.1 °C, 37.8 °C, and Naturally incubated. Hatched nestlings from the experimental categories were fostered to same-age nests and monitored throughout the nestling period to determine fate. On days 7 and 10 post-hatch, I measured mass and tarsus length and collected blood samples from experimentally incubated nestlings and one foster nest-mate (Naturally incubated). I collected data from 339 nests and 85 artificially incubated nestlings.
I found that nestlings from Low and Optimal incubation categories had lower mass and shorter tarsi, significant reductions in survival, and increased corticosterone concentration. I found no effect of incubation category on immune function, and no significant relationships between corticosterone concentration and innate immune function in nestling robins. My results suggest that incubation temperature can influence subsequent nestling growth, physiology, and survival. This research suggests that factors influencing incubation temperature are important for the fitness of nestlings. Thus, environmental disturbances that disrupt incubation may have population-level impacts. Collectively, my research adds to the growing body of literature suggesting the importance of sublethal stressors…
Advisors/Committee Members: Benson, Thomas J (advisor), Ward, Michael P (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Early life experiences; Incubation; Maternal effects
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APA (6th Edition):
Ospina, E. A. (2017). Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97488
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ospina, Emilie Ann. “Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine.” 2017. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97488.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ospina, Emilie Ann. “Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine.” 2017. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Ospina EA. Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97488.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Ospina EA. Incubation temperature impacts growth, physiology and survival in nestlings of an open-cup nesting passerine. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/97488
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
25.
Kennedy, Rebekah Charlene.
Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages.
Degree: 2016, University of Tennessee – Knoxville
URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3864
► Triclocarban (3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide; TCC) is a non-prescription antimicrobial compound found in bar soaps. Once applied to the skin, TCC is absorbed and can be detected systemically.…
(more)
▼ Triclocarban (3,4,4'-trichlorocarbanilide; TCC) is a non-prescription antimicrobial compound found in bar soaps. Once applied to the skin, TCC is absorbed and can be detected systemically. Evidence of endocrine disruption has been documented both in vitro and in vivo in adult and immature rats. To date, little research attention has been paid to early life TCC exposure. Here, we demonstrated reduced survival among neonates born to rats provided 0.2 percent w/w or 0.5 percent w/w TCC supplemented chow during lactation. TCC was detected in the breastmilk and suckling neonates developed distended abdomens with liquid mustard colored diarrhea indicating a disturbance of the gut microbiota. When the concentration of TCC provided to dams through the chow was lowered to 0.1 percent w/w TCC, all neonates survived. However, sequencing of the V4 region of 16S rRNA on the MISeq platform revealed that TCC exposure modified the composition of the gut microbiota of suckling neonates. In addition, exposure to post-weaned rats at concentrations of 0.2 percent and 0.5 percent w/w TCC through the diet modified the gut microbial composition of older animals. Though, when exposure was removed from post-weaned rats, the compositional profile of microbial communities eventually rebounded and became more similar to samples collected from animals never exposed to TCC at subsequent collection dates. To better understand the exposure pathway of TCC to the gut microbiota, a method was developed to analyze the concentration of TCC in the rat fecal matrix. This dissertation collectively adds to the growing body of concern related to TCC exposure and provides information to both the general public and regulatory agencies on the safety of nonprescription antimicrobial use during early life.
Subjects/Keywords: lactation; early life; microbiota; Public Health
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APA (6th Edition):
Kennedy, R. C. (2016). Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3864
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kennedy, Rebekah Charlene. “Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3864.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kennedy, Rebekah Charlene. “Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages.” 2016. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kennedy RC. Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3864.
Council of Science Editors:
Kennedy RC. Effect of exposure to 3,4,4′-Trichlorocarbanilide (TCC) during critical developmental life stages. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2016. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/3864
University of North Texas
26.
Thornton Hampton, Leah Marie.
The Consequences of Early Life Stage Thyroid Suppression on Immune Function in the Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas).
Degree: 2020, University of North Texas
URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1703375/
► Current evidence suggests that thyroid hormones (THs) may impact development of the immune system. However, studies that explore the role of THs in immune development…
(more)
▼ Current evidence suggests that thyroid hormones (THs) may impact development of the immune system. However, studies that explore the role of THs in immune development are limited, and the mechanisms leading to alterations in immune function are poorly understood. It is important to elucidate the role of THs in immune development given that many environmental contaminants have been shown to disrupt TH homeostasis and may also have negative impacts on the immune system. As such, the main goal of this study was to determine the long-term consequences of
early life stage (ELS) hypothyroidism on immune function. To achieve this goal, it was first necessary to further characterize basic immune function in the selected model species, the fathead minnow (FHM, Pimephales promelas). Preliminary studies were conducted to describe the transcriptomic response to Yersinia ruckeri and adapt assays for the assessment of respiratory burst and phagocytic cell activity. To determine the long-term effects of ELS hypothyroidism, FHMs were exposed to the model thyroid suppressant propylthiouracil (PTU) from <1 to 30 days post hatch and reared under normal conditions. Upon reaching adulthood, ex vivo immune cell function and the in vivo immune response to Y. ruckeri were assessed. Fish exposed to PTU experienced significant alterations in gene networks associated with immune cell function as well as significant decreases in phagocytic cell activity. However, immune-related alterations at the molecular and cellular levels did not manifest themselves at higher levels of organization as ELS hypothyroidism did not affect any other immune-related endpoints, including pathogen resistance. To our knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence that ELS hypothyroidism causes long-term effects on the immune system in fish.
Advisors/Committee Members: Venables, Barney J, Sellin Jeffries, Marlo K, Jagadeeswaran, Pudur, Goven, Art, Roberts, Aaron.
Subjects/Keywords: Fathead minnow; immune; thyroid; early life stage
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University of Bradford
27.
Castells Navarro, Laura.
DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period.
Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Bradford
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17166
► Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a spondyloarthropathy traditionally defined as having spinal and extra-spinal manifestations. However its diagnostic criteria only allow the identification of…
(more)
▼ Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a spondyloarthropathy traditionally defined as having spinal and extra-spinal manifestations. However its diagnostic criteria only allow the identification of advanced DISH and there is little consensus regarding the extra-spinal enthesopathies. In this project, individuals with DISH from the WM Bass Donated Skeletal Collection were analysed to investigate the pathogenesis of DISH and archaeological English and Catalan samples (3rd-18th century AD) were studied to investigate how diet might have influenced the development of DISH. From the individuals from the Bass Collection, isolated vertical lesions representing the early stages of DISH ('early DISH') were identified. Both sample sets showed that the presence of extra-spinal manifestations varies significantly between individuals and that discarthrosis and DISH can co-exist in the same individual. In all archaeological samples, the prevalence of DISH was significantly higher in males and older individuals showed a higher prevalence of DISH. In both regions, the prevalence of DISH was the lowest in the Roman samples, the highest in the early medieval ones and intermediate in the late medieval samples. While when using documentary resources and archaeological data, it was hypothesised that the prevalence of DISH in the English and Catalan samples might have been different, the results show no significant differences even if English samples tend to show higher prevalence of DISH than the Catalan samples. This possibly suggests that the development of DISH depends on a combination of dietary habits and, possibly, genetic predisposition might influence the development of DISH. The individuals from the Bass Collection showed high prevalence of metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. In contrast, no association was found between DISH and rich-diet associated conditions (e.g. carious lesions and gout) or deficiency-related conditions (e.g. scurvy, healed rickets).
Subjects/Keywords: 570; Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH); Early diagnosis; Roman period; Early medieval period; Late medieval period; Post-medieval period; English diet; Catalan diet
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APA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Castells Navarro, L. (2018). DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bradford. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17166
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Castells Navarro, Laura. “DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bradford. Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17166.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Castells Navarro, Laura. “DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Castells Navarro L. DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bradford; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17166.
Council of Science Editors:
Castells Navarro L. DISH everywhere : study of the pathogenesis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and of its prevalence in England and Catalonia from the Roman to the post-medieval time period. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bradford; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17166
28.
Kadawathagedara, Manik.
Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires.
Degree: Docteur es, Santé publique - épidémiologie, 2018, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE)
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS014
► Introduction Des études épidémiologiques ont montré qu'une restriction nutritionnelle pendant la grossesse pouvait conduire à une réponse adaptative du fœtus conduisant à une altération durable…
(more)
▼ Introduction Des études épidémiologiques ont montré qu'une restriction nutritionnelle pendant la grossesse pouvait conduire à une réponse adaptative du fœtus conduisant à une altération durable du métabolisme. Ainsi, les enfants nés avec un petit poids de naissance sont plus à risque de développer des maladies cardiovasculaires à l'âge adulte. L'exposition à des contaminants obésogènes pourrait également jouer un rôle dans l'augmentation du risque d'obésité. L’alimentation est une des principales voies d'exposition à ces contaminants. Après une description de la qualité de l’alimentation pendant la grossesse, l’objectif était d'étudier l'association entre l'exposition prénatale aux contaminants alimentaires et la croissance des enfants.MéthodesLes données de trois cohortes de naissance ont été utilisées : deux études françaises (EDEN et ELFE), et une étude norvégienne (MoBa). Les femmes de ces cohortes, ont rempli un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire (QFA) portant sur l’alimentation pendant la grossesse. L'évaluation des contaminants a été réalisée en combinant le QFA et des bases de données de contamination, la deuxième Etude de l’Alimentation Total (EAT2) française pour EDEN et plusieurs bases de données de contamination pour MoBa. Premièrement dans ELFE, nous avons créé un score de qualité de l'alimentation et un score spécifique à la grossesse, puis nous avons étudié les facteurs associés à une meilleure qualité alimentaire. Ensuite, nous avons examiné l’association entre la qualité de l'alimentation et la croissance prénatale. Deuxièmement, nous avons étudié la relation entre un contaminant alimentaire : l'acrylamide (AA), et la croissance prénatale, dans EDEN, et la croissance postnatale, dans MoBa. Troisièmement, nous avons étendu nos analyses à tous les contaminants alimentaires de l’EAT2, en analysant les composés pris individuellement, puis considérés en mélange.RésultatsPremièrement, nous avons montré que les recommandations générales et spécifiques étaient globalement bien suivies par les femmes enceintes. Certaines caractéristiques socioéconomiques ou démographiques étaient associées à la fois au score de qualité de l’alimentation et au score spécifique de la grossesse telles que l’âge à l’accouchement, niveau d’étude et revenu du foyer et le tabagisme. Un score élevé de qualité de l’alimentation était associé à un poids de naissance plus élevé et un risque plus faible d'avoir un enfant petit pour l’âge gestationnel (PAG).Deuxièmement, nous avons montré que plus l'exposition pendant la grossesse à l’AA est importante, plus la taille de naissance était faible et plus le risque de PAG est élevé. Dans MoBa, nous avons constaté que l'exposition prénatale à l'AA était associée à une prévalence accrue d'enfants en surpoids ou obèses et à une plus grande vitesse de croissance du poids durant l’enfance.Dans EDEN, sur les 99 composés chimiques sélectionnés, le poids de naissance était associé négativement à l’exposition à quatre contaminants alimentaires et positivement à l’exposition à quatre autres. L'IMC…
Advisors/Committee Members: Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine de (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Grossesse; Croissance précoce; Qualité de l'alimentation; Contaminants alimentaires; Pregnancy; Diet quality; Food chemicals; Early growth
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APA (6th Edition):
Kadawathagedara, M. (2018). Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE). Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS014
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kadawathagedara, Manik. “Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE). Accessed March 08, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS014.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kadawathagedara, Manik. “Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires.” 2018. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Kadawathagedara M. Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE); 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS014.
Council of Science Editors:
Kadawathagedara M. Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Early Growth : Focus on Diet Duality and Food Chemicals Exposure : Alimentation maternelle pendant la grossesse et croissance précoce : qualité de l’alimentation et exposition aux contaminants alimentaires. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE); 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS014
Eastern Michigan University
29.
Contreras, Kristen M.
Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points.
Degree: MS, Health Sciences, 2014, Eastern Michigan University
URL: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/604
► Background: The Life Course Perspective is a framework that helps one organize and study the effects on overall health, illness, and mortality. It also…
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▼ Background: The
Life Course Perspective is a framework that helps one organize and study the effects on overall health, illness, and mortality. It also assists in understanding the relationships of these areas to nutritional habits and overall health, especially how food choices develop in changing social, historical, and temporal contexts. There are seven key components of the
Life Course Perspective: trajectories, transitions, turning points, cultural and contextual influences, timing in lives, linked lives, and adaptive strategies. Transitions and turning points are important factors for understanding how
diet changes and other health habits occur during an individual's lifespan. Research is needed to analyze how natural
diet changes coincide with
life changes, so nutrition education interventions can be designed with more successful long-term changes.
Objective: To study how
diet changes correlate with
life transitions and turning points as part of the framework of the
Life Course Perspective.
Methods: This was a qualitative research study that recruited 20 adults with varying gender, age, and income levels as participants using snowball sampling. Interviews were used to gather information by asking participants open-ended questions about past
diet history and personal food patterns, as well as changes in food choices, and
life experiences. The information was transcribed, and then themes were uncovered using the constant comparative method.
Results: Highest number of
diet changes occurred in those in the age range of 18-25 years old, and during the times when participants were undergoing changes, such as moving away from home and marriage. In addition, results showed that overall, men and women had the same number of
diet changes during
life transitions. However, men experienced more changes after marriage, and women experienced more changes after having children. Also during mid-
life, people experienced more
diet changes due to health changes such as a diagnosis of cancer, heart disease, or high cholesterol.
Conclusion: A key transition time of
life for people when it may be possible to focus on positive health changes and nutrition education to maximize long-term benefits would be from ages 18-25, as well as at mid-
life during times of health changes. More research regarding
diet changes for those with low-income, those from different cultural backgrounds, and between men and women would be an excellent way to expand our understanding of transitions and their impact on the
life course.
Advisors/Committee Members: Judith Brooks, PhD, RD, Chair, Heather Hutchins-Wiese, PhD, RD.
Subjects/Keywords: Diet; perspective; health; diseases; mortality; life; Diseases; Nutrition
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APA (6th Edition):
Contreras, K. M. (2014). Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points. (Thesis). Eastern Michigan University. Retrieved from https://commons.emich.edu/theses/604
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Contreras, Kristen M. “Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points.” 2014. Thesis, Eastern Michigan University. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://commons.emich.edu/theses/604.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Contreras, Kristen M. “Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points.” 2014. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Contreras KM. Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points. [Internet] [Thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/604.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Contreras KM. Study of the correlation of diet changes with life transitions and turning points. [Thesis]. Eastern Michigan University; 2014. Available from: https://commons.emich.edu/theses/604
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Colorado
30.
Sandberg, Paul A.
Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques.
Degree: PhD, Anthropology, 2012, University of Colorado
URL: https://scholar.colorado.edu/anth_gradetds/28
► Stable isotopic approaches to studying childhood diet in prehistory have become common in bioarchaeology and have provided researchers with a means to reconstruct life…
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▼ Stable isotopic approaches to studying childhood
diet in prehistory have become common in bioarchaeology and have provided researchers with a means to reconstruct
life history patterns such as weaning in past human populations. These methods, however, typically rely on isotopic patterning in bone collagen by age-at-death, and lack the resolution to reconstruct weaning in much detail, much less the process in individuals that survived childhood. In this dissertation, I refine two high-resolution intra-tooth stable isotope techniques for investigating childhood
diet and the weaning process in the archaeological record; laser ablation analysis of tooth enamel, and serial micro-sampling of dentine. As these methods are relatively new, their potential relies on an understanding of how best to employ them for archaeological applications. To this end, I addressed a number of methodological issues, including sampling locations within teeth and choice of tooth type. This study was conducted on human remains from Kulubnarti, a Medieval Nubian community which provides an ideal setting for the methodological development of these techniques. This research also explores a number of potential applications to anthropological questions. The results suggest that: (1) tooth types (first molars and canines) record stable isotopic patterning differently in both enamel and dentine, (2) sampling locations within the thickness of enamel produce isotope profiles with different characteristics, (3) enamel records considerable carbon and oxygen isotopic variability, which may be used to study seasonality in water sources and agricultural practices, and perhaps seasonality of birth, (4) dentine records carbon and nitrogen isotopic variability that is likely linked to the weaning process, which can be used to compare weaning behavior between individuals that survived the process and those that did not, and (5) both dentine and enamel intra-tooth profiles may be used to study the interaction between childhood
diet, the weaning process, morbidity events, and mortality.
Advisors/Committee Members: Matt Sponheimer, Dennis Van Gerven, Bert Covert, Michelle Sauther.
Subjects/Keywords: diet; high resolution; life history; Nubia; stable isotope; Archaeological Anthropology
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APA ·
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MLA ·
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CSE |
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APA (6th Edition):
Sandberg, P. A. (2012). Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Colorado. Retrieved from https://scholar.colorado.edu/anth_gradetds/28
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sandberg, Paul A. “Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Colorado. Accessed March 08, 2021.
https://scholar.colorado.edu/anth_gradetds/28.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sandberg, Paul A. “Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques.” 2012. Web. 08 Mar 2021.
Vancouver:
Sandberg PA. Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 08].
Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/anth_gradetds/28.
Council of Science Editors:
Sandberg PA. Investigating childhood diet and early life history events in the archaeological record using biogeochemical techniques. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2012. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/anth_gradetds/28
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations
