The EG1-DVCS experiment with CLAS at Jefferson Lab collected semi-inclusive pion electro-production data on longitudinally polarized solid state NH₃ and ND₃ targets with longitudinally polarized electrons of approximately 6 GeV energy. Data on all three pion channels, π +, π– and π⁰, were collected simultaneously. The charged pions were identified by their time-of-flight information whereas the neutral pions were reconstructed from the invariant mass of two photons. The experiment covered a wide kinematic range: 1 GeV ² ≤ Q² ≤ 3.2 GeV², 0.12 ≤ xB ≤ 0.48, 0.0 GeV ≤ <em>P_h</em>_⊥ ≤ 1.0 GeV and 0.3 ≤ z ≤ 0.7. The beam single (ALU), target single (AUL) and beam-target double ( ALL) spin azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) off the proton and the deuteron extracted from the data are presented. The results of the azimuthal asymmetries for the proton are presented as a function of two variables: (xB, <em>P_h</em>_⊥), (z, <em>P _h</em>_⊥) and (xB, z). Due to limited statistics, the azimuthal asymmetries for the deuteron are presented as a function of a single variable for the variables xB, z and <em>P_h</em> _⊥. Some theoretical and phenomenological predictions as well as earlier published results are compared with the results from this analysis. All the results are plotted and suitably tabulated for further analysis. The SIDIS azimuthal asymmetries are convolutions of fragmentation functions and transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). The TMDs describe transverse momenta and spins of quarks and gluons inside nucleons. They open a window on the contribution of the orbital angular momentum of the quarks and gluons to the total spin of the nucleons. The results presented in this work are sensitive to these leading twist TMDs: f ₁, g₁, h_{⊥ 1}L, and h_{⊥ 1}. The significant precision of the results from this analysis will highly constrain the extractions of the associated TMDs which will substantially contribute towards further investigation into the partonic structure of nucleon intrinsic angular momentum. Advisors/Committee Members: S. E. Kuhn, A. Radyushkin, S. Bueltmann, A. Godunov, N. Diawara.

A nuclear-structure campaign has been initiated to investigate the isotopes of Hg around mass 199. To date, 199Hg provides the most stringent limit on an atomic electric dipole moment (EDM). Standard Model predictions of the EDM in 199Hg are many orders of magnitude below current experimental reach. There are, however, many models beyond the Standard Model, such as multiple-Higgs theories and supersymmetry, that generally predict much larger EDMs within experimental reach. The observation of a large permanent EDM would represent a clear signal of CP violation from new physics outside the Standard Model. Theoretical nuclear-structure calculations for 199Hg are challenging, and give varied predictions for the excited-state spectrum. Understanding the E2 and E3 strengths in 199Hg will make it possible to develop a nuclear-structure model for the Schiff strength based on these matrix elements, and thereby constrain present models that predict the contribution of octupole collectivity to the Schiff moment of the nucleus. One of the most direct ways of measuring the matrix elements connecting the ground state to excited states is through inelastic hadron scattering. The high level density of a heavy odd-A nucleus like 199Hg makes a measurement extremely challenging. Complementary information can, however, be determined for states in the neighbouring even-even isotopes of 198Hg and 200Hg, and single-nucleon transfer reactions on targets of even-even isotopes of Hg can yield important information on the single-particle nature of 199Hg. The work presented here is the result of two experiments which used a 22-MeV deuteron beam incident on an isotopically enriched target of 200Hg32S. These experiments were performed using the Q3D magnetic spectrograph at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory, in Garching, Germany. The first experiment was an inelastic deuteron scattering experiment, 200Hg(d,d’)200Hg, populating 97 states up to an excitation energy of 4.2 MeV. Fifty-four states were newly discovered. Deformation parameters were extracted through coupled-channel calculations with global optical-model potential (OMP) parameter sets. The total B(E3; 0+ to 3-) strength in this region was estimated to be 0.55+0.12-0.18 e2b3, where the reported errors represent the upper and lower limits. The second experiment was a single-nucleon transfer reaction into 199Hg, 200Hg(d,t)199Hg, up to an excitation energy of 3 MeV. In total, 91 excited levels were identified, including fifty newly observed levels in this work. Spin-parity assignments and spectroscopic factors were extracted through distorted-wave Born approximation calculations with global OMP sets. The results from these two experiments are presented and further discussed in this thesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Garrett, Paul (advisor), Svensson, Carl (advisor).