subject:(darting)

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1. McKenzie, Jane. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).

Degree: 2006, La Trobe University

URL: http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20080509.121141

► Assessment of trophic interactions between increasing populations of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and fisheries in southern Australia is limited due to a lack… (more)

▼ Assessment of trophic interactions between increasing populations of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and fisheries in southern Australia is limited due to a lack of species specific demographic data and an understanding of the factors influencing population growth. To establish species specific demographic parameters a cross-sectional sample of New Zealand fur seal females (330) and males (100) were caught and individually-marked on Kangaroo Island, South Australia between 2000 and 2003. The seals were aged through examination of a postcanine tooth, which was removed from each animal to investigate age-specific life-history parameters. Annual formation of cementum layers was confirmed and accuracy in age estimation was determined by examination of teeth removed from individuals of known-age. Indirect methods of assessing reproductive maturity based on mammary teat characteristics indicated that females first gave birth between 4-8 years of age, with an average age at reproductive maturity of 5 years. Among reproductively mature females, age-specific reproductive rates increased rapidly between 4-7 years of age, reaching maximum rates of 70-81% between 8-13 years, and gradually decreased in older females. No females older than 22 years were recorded to pup. Age of first territory tenure in males ranged from 8-10 years. The oldest female and male were 25 and 19 years old, respectively. Post-weaning growth in females was monophasic, characterised by high growth rates in length and mass during the juvenile growth stage, followed by a gradual decline in growth rates after reproductive maturity. In contrast, growth in males was biphasic and displayed a secondary growth spurt in both length and mass, which coincided with sexual and social maturation, followed by a rapid decline in growth rates. Age-specific survival rates were high (0.823-0.953) among prime-age females (8-13 yrs of age) and declined in older females. Relative change in annual pup production was strongly correlated with reproductive rates of prime-age females and adult female survival between breeding seasons.

Subjects/Keywords: New Zealand fur seal; Kangaroo Island - South Australia; New Zealand fur seal - Population viability analysis; New Zealand fur seal - Breeding; Fisheries - South Australia - Environmental variability; Marine mammal populations; Pinniped; otarid; remote chemical immobilization; darting; anaesthesia; isoflurane; midazolam; zoletil; tiletamine-zolazepam; restraint; behavioral response; fecundity; pregnancy rates; progesterone; reproduction; reproductive failure; site fidelity; mortality; territorial; size dimorphism; life table; ageing; growth layer groups; re-colonization

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APA (6^th Edition):

McKenzie, J. (2006). Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). (Thesis). La Trobe University. Retrieved from http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20080509.121141

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McKenzie, Jane. “Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).” 2006. Thesis, La Trobe University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20080509.121141.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McKenzie, Jane. “Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).” 2006. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McKenzie J. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). [Internet] [Thesis]. La Trobe University; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20080509.121141.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McKenzie J. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). [Thesis]. La Trobe University; 2006. Available from: http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20080509.121141

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Latrobe University

2. McKenzie, Jane. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).

Degree: 2006, Latrobe University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/468696

► Assessment of trophic interactions between increasing populations of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and fisheries in southern Australia is limited due to a lack… (more)

▼ Assessment of trophic interactions between increasing populations of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) and fisheries in southern Australia is limited due to a lack of species specific demographic data and an understanding of the factors influencing population growth. To establish species specific demographic parameters a cross-sectional sample of New Zealand fur seal females (330) and males (100) were caught and individually-marked on Kangaroo Island, South Australia between 2000 and 2003. The seals were aged through examination of a postcanine tooth, which was removed from each animal to investigate age-specific life-history parameters. Annual formation of cementum layers was confirmed and accuracy in age estimation was determined by examination of teeth removed from individuals of known-age.Indirect methods of assessing reproductive maturity based on mammary teat characteristics indicated that females first gave birth between 4-8 years of age, with an average age at reproductive maturity of 5 years. Among reproductively mature females, age-specific reproductive rates increased rapidly between 4-7 years of age, reaching maximum rates of 70-81% between 8-13 years, and gradually decreased in older females. No females older than 22 years were recorded to pup. Age of first territory tenure in males ranged from 8-10 years. The oldest female and male were 25 and 19 years old, respectively. Post-weaning growth in females was monophasic, characterised by high growth rates in length and mass during the juvenile growth stage, followed by a gradual decline in growth rates after reproductive maturity.In contrast, growth in males was biphasic and displayed a secondary growth spurt in both length and mass, which coincided with sexual and social maturation, followed by a rapid decline in growth rates. Age-specific survival rates were high (0.823-0.953) among prime-age females (8-13yrs of age) and declined in older females. Relative change in annual pup production was strongly correlated with reproductive rates of prime-age females and adult female survival between breeding seasons.

Subjects/Keywords: Pinniped; otarid; remote chemical immobilization; darting; anaesthesia; isoflurane; midazolam; zoletil; tiletamine-zolazepam; restraint; behavioral response; fecundity; pregnancy rates; progesterone; reproduction; reproductive failure; site fidelity; mortality; territorial; size dimorphism; life table; ageing; growth layer groups; re-colonization; New Zealand fur seal – South Australia – Kangaroo Island; New Zealand fur seal – Population viability analysis – South Australia – Kangaroo Island; New Zealand fur seal – Breeding – South Australia – Kangaroo Island; Fisheries – South Australia – Environmental aspects; Marine mammal populations – South Australia – Kangaroo Island

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

McKenzie, J. (2006). Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). (Thesis). Latrobe University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/468696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McKenzie, Jane. “Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).” 2006. Thesis, Latrobe University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/468696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McKenzie, Jane. “Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri).” 2006. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

McKenzie J. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). [Internet] [Thesis]. Latrobe University; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/468696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

McKenzie J. Population demographics of New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri). [Thesis]. Latrobe University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.9/468696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

3. Nunez, Chase Michael. The Use of Drugs in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): An Evaluation of Two Common Extra-Label Drug Uses in the Deer Breeding Industry.

Degree: MS, Biomedical Sciences, 2019, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188786

► The white-tailed deer (WTD) breeding and hunting industry is a large and growing industry with an economic impact of over a billion dollars in Texas… (more)

▼ The white-tailed deer (WTD) breeding and hunting industry is a large and growing industry with an economic impact of over a billion dollars in Texas alone. The increasing number of deer in captive breeding facilities results in increased veterinary drug use on deer. However, drugs can act differently even among similar species so further information on drug use in deer would help managers and veterinarians make more sound decisions when using drugs in deer. Two examples of novel extra-label drug use in WTD are studied, evaluated, and explained. Tulathromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used commonly to treat livestock, including deer, with bacterial respiratory infections, often delivered subcutaneous (SQ) or intramuscular (IM). Since it is logistically difficult to put hands on a WTD, even in most captive breeding situations, a study was conducted to evaluated tulathromycin as a candidate for remote-delivery dart (RDD) in WTD. Twelve WTD were darted with CO2 powered RDD projectors to administer 2.5 mg/kg of tulathromycin IM. Blood was then collected nine times over 30 days and the serum concentration for each sample was quantified in order to determine the pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in each deer. Overall tulathromycin was poorly absorbed, reached low mean peak concentrations, had a high bioavailability, and an extremely long elimination half-life. The results indicated that darting with tulathromycin is an unpredictable means of administration and may not reach therapeutic concentrations. Flunixin meglumine (FM), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), was also evaluated for extra-label use in WTD in a case study with 72 WTD in South Texas. Texas Parks and Wildlife has seen anecdotal evidence of FM effectively reducing the body temperature of hyperthermic animals during game captures. Three of the deer in the case study became severely hyperthermic and the FM was tested in conjunction with cold water enemas. With over half of the 72 deer being hyperthermic, and three severely hyperthermic, a 100% post 30-day survival is strong evidence of the effect of FM. Advisors/Committee Members: Cook, Walter E (advisor), Fajt, Virginia (committee member), Blue-McLendon, Alice (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: White-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus; captive deer breeding; tulathromycin; Draxxin; flunixin meglumine; Banamine; darting

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nunez, C. M. (2019). The Use of Drugs in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): An Evaluation of Two Common Extra-Label Drug Uses in the Deer Breeding Industry. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188786

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nunez, Chase Michael. “The Use of Drugs in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): An Evaluation of Two Common Extra-Label Drug Uses in the Deer Breeding Industry.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188786.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Nunez CM. The Use of Drugs in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): An Evaluation of Two Common Extra-Label Drug Uses in the Deer Breeding Industry. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188786.

Council of Science Editors:

Nunez CM. The Use of Drugs in Captive White-Tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus): An Evaluation of Two Common Extra-Label Drug Uses in the Deer Breeding Industry. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/188786

Universiteit Utrecht

4. Schrijnders, R. Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants.

Degree: 2007, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/34347

► Management of protected elephant populations in South Africa has long been a challenge. In the absence of poaching and with the provision of extra water… (more)

▼ Management of protected elephant populations in South Africa has long been a challenge. In the absence of poaching and with the provision of extra water holes, elephant populations have increased at unexpectedly high rates and show no signs of reaching a plateau. Various methods of population control have been considered to control elephant numbers, including culling or translocation of family groups and habitat expansion; none has proved entirely satisfactory. More recently, attention has focused on methods of contraception and amongst these immunocontraception with a porcine zona pellucida (pZP) vaccine has been proven effective and safe. However, there are still concerns that pZP vaccination may have unexpected long term side-effects on fertility or social structure and behaviour. For example, the expected effect of pZP vaccination is temporary infertility despite continuing cyclicity. As a result, it is anticipated that bulls (in musth) would visit and disturb a herd considerably more frequently because cows would have considerable more estrous periods; this might endanger young calves and is likely to be a source of extra stress to the herd. In the period of 14/7/08 - 4/10/08 behavioral observations of the elephant families in The Greater Makalali Private Game Reserve (GMPGR) were made to evaluate several factors that might indicate an increase in stress levels in pZP vaccinated elephants. In addition, fecal samples were collected to determine the cortisol concentrations, which should give an indication of physiological stress experienced during the preceding 48 hours. In GMPGR, the presence of adult bulls with a matriarchal herd had little if any effect on behavior and was not a clear cause of stress related behavioural patterns. On the other hand, the annual aerial pZP vaccination by darting did result in a transient increase in fecal cortisol and diminished water and food availability during winter was also associated with rising fecal cortisol concentrations. Overall, the physiological effects of contracepting elephants with the pZP vaccine appear to be associated with minimal social disruption and related stress. However, the darting process itself is clearly stressful. Advisors/Committee Members: Stout, T.A.E..

Subjects/Keywords: Diergeneeskunde; pZP, vaccination, elephants, makalali, stress, cortisol, bulls, cows, south africa, musth, darting, behavior, estrus

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schrijnders, R. (2007). Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/34347

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schrijnders, R. “Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants.” 2007. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/34347.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schrijnders, R. “Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants.” 2007. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Schrijnders R. Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2007. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/34347.

Council of Science Editors:

Schrijnders R. Assessing physiological and behavioural parameters of stress in pZP vaccinated elephants. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2007. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/34347

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