subject:(child health)

1. Miller, Dorothy Marlowe. Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study.

Degree: School of Public Health, 2017, Brown University

URL: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733447/

► Background: Health during childhood can have lifelong implications. Parents make daily decisions that affect the wellbeing of their families and can provide feedback on a community's… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Child health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Miller, D. M. (2017). Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study. (Thesis). Brown University. Retrieved from https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733447/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Miller, Dorothy Marlowe. “Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study.” 2017. Thesis, Brown University. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733447/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Miller, Dorothy Marlowe. “Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Miller DM. Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study. [Internet] [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733447/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Miller DM. Improving Child Health from the Parental Perspective: A Qualitative Study. [Thesis]. Brown University; 2017. Available from: https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:733447/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cape Town

2. Dietrich, Liesl Bertha Kay. A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016.

Degree: MPhil, Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019, University of Cape Town

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31169

► Introduction: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is an important condition which may result in mortality or severe and permanent morbidity placing much strain on busy under-resourced health… (more)

▼ Introduction: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is an important condition which may result in mortality or severe and permanent morbidity placing much strain on busy under-resourced health care services, parents and families, and the greater community. There is much debate on its aetiology; whether it is caused by antepartum conditions or intrapartum obstetric complications (known as sentinel events); and the relative contribution of intrapartum hypoxia. Unlike perinatal mortality, NE rates are not routinely audited by maternity facilities. At Mowbray Maternity Hospital, a formal audit was conducted in 2008, which measured the NE rate, focussed on obstetric factors associated with NE and identified avoidable factors in the care provided. It was thought to be of clinical value to repeat this audit to identify whether there were any trends in rates and the pattern of obstetric factors. Aims and objectives: The aim was to describe the obstetric factors occurring in patients who delivered neonates at MMH, diagnosed with NE. Specifically, it was planned to determine the NE rate, to describe obstetric factors occurring in these patients and to assess the avoidable factors related to the patients, health system and clinical management. Methodology: This was a retrospective descriptive study which included patients whose neonates were diagnosed with NE and were born at MMH in 2016. The diagnosis of NE was made according to the MMH NE protocol where NE is defined as a voltage suppression in amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) or seizures; or clinical seizures or dystonic movements; or moderate to severe clinical signs of NE as defined by Shankaran and a level of consciousness which is decreased with abnormal tone. The neonates’ names were retrieved from a NE register in the neonatal unit and the corresponding mothers’ folders retrieved. Data on relevant obstetric and clinical management factors were collected from the folders using a data collection tool developed in the Western Cape and all cardiotocographic tracings were assessed by the researcher. Ethics approval was granted by the University of Cape Town Human Research Ethics Committee (UCT HREC) prior to the commencement of the study. STATA 14 was used for the analysis. Results: In 2016, 53 neonates with NE were identified out of 9,702 live births (LB) at MMH. The NE rate was 5.5 per 1000 LB. Of the 53 neonates, 48 maternal patient files were retrieved and analysed. There were 58% who had been referred to MMH from the midwife obstetric units (MOUs), and 42% fully managed at MMH. All patients were booked for 14 antenatal care, the mean age was 27.5 years and 50% were nulliparous. The mean gestational age at delivery was 39 weeks. The majority (87.5%) experienced labour, spontaneous in 72.9% and induced in 14.6%. Antenatal complications occurred in 77.1%, the most frequent being prolonged pregnancy (25%) hypertensive disorders (18.8%), antepartum haemorrhage (8.3%) and prelabour rupture of membranes (8.3%). Obstetric problems in labour included prolonged second… Advisors/Committee Members: Fawcus, Susan (advisor), Linley, Lucy (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: child health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dietrich, L. B. K. (2019). A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31169

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dietrich, Liesl Bertha Kay. “A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016.” 2019. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31169.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dietrich, Liesl Bertha Kay. “A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dietrich LBK. A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31169.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dietrich LBK. A descriptive retrospective audit of the obstetric conditions which occur in mothers of babies with neonatal encephalopathy at Mowbray Maternity Hospital in 2016. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31169

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cape Town

3. Alisio, Michelle. Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study.

Degree: MMed, Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019, University of Cape Town

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31164

► Background: In South Africa, the exclusive breastfeeding prevalence at six months is low at 24% and the under-5 mortality rate remains high. Improving breastfeeding rates… (more)

▼ Background: In South Africa, the exclusive breastfeeding prevalence at six months is low at 24% and the under-5 mortality rate remains high. Improving breastfeeding rates is the most cost-effective intervention to reduce under-5 mortality and morbidity. Data on the effect of infant hospitalisation on breastfeeding may inform facility-based interventions to protect and support exclusive and prolonged breastfeeding. Aim: To assess the impact of hospitalisation on breastfeeding and explore reasons for stopping or continuing breastfeeding. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of infant feeding practices among mother-infant dyads admitted to general paediatric wards at a tertiary children’s hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. Medical, demographic and feeding practice data were collected through semi-structured interviews on admission, again during hospitalisation and a third interview was conducted telephonically post discharge. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess factors associated with different feeding practices. Results: Between January and April 2018, 119 mothers (median age 26 years, IQR 22-32; 28% HIV-positive) were interviewed at admission; 39% (46/119) breastfed exclusively (EBF) and 28 (24%) reported no breastfeeding. Most infants (median age 1.8 months, IQR 1.0-3.2; 34% preterm) were admitted for lower respiratory tract infection (59%) or diarrhoea (14%). EBF at admission was associated with younger infant age (per month increase, aOR 0.18, 95% CI 0.07-0.43); none of the children admitted for diarrhoea had been EBF. A second in-hospital interview occurred at median 4 days (IQR 2-6) after admission. The overall prevalence of any breastfeeding declined from 77% at admission to 61% in-hospital. Risk factors for in-hospital breastfeeding cessation included low birth weight (<2500g; OR 3.81, 95% CI 1.35-10.74) and feeding via either bottle/tube (OR 51.00, 95% CI 6.38-407.71). Maternal expression of breastmilk (vs no expression in-hospital) was protective against in hospital breastfeeding cessation (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01-0.33). Post-discharge telephonic interviews (median 5 months after discharge) were available for 92 mother-infant dyads; 21 infants were ≤ six months of age, of whom 24% (5/21) were still exclusively breastfeeding. Breastfeeding cessation at any time after admission and before post-discharge telephonic interview was associated with maternal HIV infection (OR 2.82, 95% CI 0.84-9.40), full time employment (OR 4.95, 95% CI 1.40-17.46) and preterm birth (OR 3.53, 95% CI 1.27-9.81). Conclusion: Prevalence of both any and exclusive breastfeeding was low at admission to hospital, and lack of breastfeeding strongly correlated with increased risk of an infectious morbidity diagnosis. In addition, hospitalisation substantially reduced the probability of continued breastfeeding. In-hospital breastfeeding support and facilitation of breastmilk expression while infants are unable to breastfeed should be increased. Implementation research may define effective in-hospital breastfeeding… Advisors/Committee Members: Scott, Christiaan (advisor), Kroon, Max (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: child health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Alisio, M. (2019). Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alisio, Michelle. “Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study.” 2019. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alisio, Michelle. “Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Alisio M. Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31164.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alisio M. Adverse impact of hospitalisation on infant breastfeeding practices: a prospective cohort study. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31164

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Cape Town

4. Eke, Christopher Bismarck. A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town.

Degree: MPhil, Paediatrics and Child Health, 2019, University of Cape Town

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31539

► Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy has evolved to become an important diagnostic, therapeutic as well as surveillance and follow-up modes of management in children with diverse gastrointestinal… (more)

▼ Background: Gastrointestinal endoscopy has evolved to become an important diagnostic, therapeutic as well as surveillance and follow-up modes of management in children with diverse gastrointestinal diseases. There is a paucity of data on gastrointestinal endoscopy in children in the sub- Saharan African region. The objectives of the study were to describe the socio-demographic characteristics; presenting symptoms; indications; endoscopic yield; impact of endoscopy on management; as well as its safety profile and complications. In addition algorithms for the indications of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children were designed using the results derived from the presenting symptoms and indications for gastrointestinal endoscopy among the patients. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study. Subjects were children < 18 years attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital (RCWMCH) who underwent medical gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures from 2007 to 2016. Study ethical approval was obtained from University of Cape Town while written permission from the RCWMCH Research and Management Committee prior to the commencement of the study. Data sheet was used in retrieving relevant patients variables from the hospital’s medical records and the Division of Paediatric Gastroenterology endoscopy and laboratory (histopathology) databases. Data was analysed using Stata 13.1. A p- value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 402 children were studied with 773 endoscopies performed comprising 670 oesophagogastroduodenoscopies (OGD) and 103 colonoscopies. For OGD: 179 (26.7%), 287(42.8%) and 204 (30.4%) procedures were for diagnostic, therapeutic and follow - up indications. A total of 78 (10.1%) combined OGD/colonoscopy were carried out. Out of 103 total colonoscopies performed, 67 (65.0%), 30(29.1%), and 6 (5.8%), were for diagnostic, follow - up and therapeutic indications respectively. vi Feeding difficulty 112 (25.4%) and rectal bleeding 11 (2.7%) were the main presenting symptoms for OGD and colonoscopy respectively. Main diagnostic indications for OGD, combined OGD/colonoscopy and colonoscopy alone respectively were chronic abdominal pain 51 (12.6%) and probable inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) 30 (7.5%) and IBD 30 (7.5%). Change 143 (35.6%)/ insertion 87(21.6%) of percutaneous gastrostomy were the most common therapeutic indications for OGD and polypectomy 8 (2.7%) for colonoscopy. Abnormal (positive) macroscopic findings on endoscopy were reported on 79/179(44.1%), 35/68(51.55%), and 46/67(53.7%) of OGD, combined OGD with lower scope, and colonoscopy alone respectively. Also, positive histological findings on OGD, combined OGD with colonoscopy, and colonoscopy alone were reported in 62/179(34.6%), 34/68(50.0%), and 32/67(47.8%) respectively. The overall normal endoscopic findings (both abnormal macroscopic findings on endoscopy and histological findings) were 63/179(35.3%) and 25/67(37.3%) for OGD and colonoscopy while overall diagnostic (endoscopic) yield was… Advisors/Committee Members: Goddard, Elizabeth (advisor), de Lacy, Ronalda (advisor), Brown, R A (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: child health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Eke, C. B. (2019). A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town. (Thesis). University of Cape Town. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31539

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eke, Christopher Bismarck. “A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town.” 2019. Thesis, University of Cape Town. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31539.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eke, Christopher Bismarck. “A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town.” 2019. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Eke CB. A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31539.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Eke CB. A Retrospective review of medical gastrointestinal endoscopy in children attending Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, Cape Town. [Thesis]. University of Cape Town; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31539

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Huddersfield

5. Vasey, Jackie. Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care.

Degree: 2015, University of Huddersfield

URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/1/Final%20thesis%20-%20VASEY.pdf

► Background Despite the growing evidence about acute pain management in children and the availability of practice guidelines, children still experience unnecessary pain when in hospital.… (more)

▼ Background Despite the growing evidence about acute pain management in children and the availability of practice guidelines, children still experience unnecessary pain when in hospital. Involving parents in their child’s pain care has been identified as being central to the pain management in children. However, little is known about how parents and nurses work in partnership in acute children’s wards to care for the child experiencing pain. This thesis explored the experiences and perceptions of parents and nurses and the extent to which parents are involved and partners in the child’s pain care, and the factors that influence parental involvement in care. The family-centred care practice continuum was the theoretical framework that underpinned the study. Methods A qualitative ethnographical study using non-participant observation and follow up interviews was undertaken. Fourteen nurses and 44 parents/grandparents participated, recruited from the children’s wards of two district general hospitals. The framework approach underpinned data analysis. Findings While some evidence of parental involvement was identified, the study revealed variations in the way parents are involved in their child’s pain care. A range of challenges were highlighted in relation to the implementation of family-centred care as an approach to promote parental involvement in care. Parents wanted to be more involved in their child’s pain care, and act as an advocate for their child, particularly when they perceived their child’s pain care to be sub-optimal. At times nurses created barriers to parental involvement in pain care, for example, by not communicating effectively with parents and planning pain care without involving parents. The ‘Pillars of Partnership in Pain Care Model’ is offered as an alternative approach to engaging with parents, to address the barriers to involvement and assist nurses shift from a paternalistic approach to involvement to one of working collaboratively with parents in the context of the care of child in pain. Conclusions and implications for practice Parental involvement in their child’s acute pain care can improve the child’s pain experience, increase parents’ satisfaction in care and reduce parental anxiety. The challenge for nurses is to embrace parental contribution to care and develop the confidence to support parents to advocate for their child.

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vasey, J. (2015). Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Huddersfield. Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/1/Final%20thesis%20-%20VASEY.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vasey, Jackie. “Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Huddersfield. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/1/Final%20thesis%20-%20VASEY.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vasey, Jackie. “Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vasey J. Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/1/Final%20thesis%20-%20VASEY.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Vasey J. Tokenism or true partnership: Parental involvement in a child’s acute pain care. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2015. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/1/Final%20thesis%20-%20VASEY.pdf

University of Huddersfield

6. Joseph, Debra. Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.

Degree: 2013, University of Huddersfield

URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/1/djosephfinalthesis.pdf

► The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in the Caribbean is second only to Sub-Saharan Africa and higher than the global rate. HIV/AIDS presents a real threat to… (more)

▼ The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in the Caribbean is second only to Sub-Saharan Africa and higher than the global rate. HIV/AIDS presents a real threat to children as they account for one in six global AIDS-related deaths and one in seven new global HIV infections. Furthermore, the number of new cases of children in the region is growing. Despite the impact of HIV/AIDS on Caribbean children, few research studies have been undertaken on the psychosocial issues that affect them and studies that include children’s perspectives seem to be even more lacking. This thesis is based on original research carried out in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. This study has examined the psychosocial issues that exist for children living with HIV in Trinidad and Tobago and has explored, from the perspectives of both children and their mothers, the types of supports that are available or accessed. The aims of the research were to 1) examine the psychosocial issues that affect children with acquired HIV/AIDS in Trinidad (the children in this research acquired HIV from their mothers) and 2) to explore the support that exists and gaps that may be necessary for their improved quality of life. It is hoped that intervention strategies will be gleaned from this research to assist future interdisciplinary teams that interact with this population. The methodology was based on a grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin 1990), and consisted of theoretical sampling and constant comparison throughout data analysis (open, axial, and selective coding) using a case triad (triad refers here to perspectives of three different actors). Four cases were purposively selected, each ‘case’ comprising a mother who was HIV positive, an “HIV Friend” (primary support figure, 4 in total) identified by the mother, and a child living with HIV (there were two children in one family, making five children in total, aged between five and thirteen years) – each of whom was interviewed. In addition, three mothers who did not tell their children of their status were also interviewed. These additional interviews were the result of theoretical sampling to explore two themes that emerged as significant in the first stage of analysis: 1) How “secrecy” was manifested in the lives of families coping with HIV and 2) The role of mothering. In total sixteen persons were interviewed. The findings produced three core categories, namely 1) the cyclical and complex nature of secrecy as a strategy to protect children from stigma and discrimination, 2) the impact on children of living with HIV-AIDS, including their role as protectors of HIV-positive mothers and 3) Mothering with HIV-AIDS. The study showed that these families, though impacted by uncertainty about the future, fear of dying and societal rejection, and for the large part financially and materially disadvantaged, were in-tact and functioned well. Furthermore these families had created a ‘new normal’ in which the secrecy about HIV was central and around which a range of behaviours, social codes and perceived…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Joseph, D. (2013). Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Huddersfield. Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/1/djosephfinalthesis.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Joseph, Debra. “Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Huddersfield. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/1/djosephfinalthesis.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Joseph, Debra. “Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Joseph D. Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/1/djosephfinalthesis.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Joseph D. Psychosocial Issues and Support for Children who Acquired HIV/AIDS from their Mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2013. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/1/djosephfinalthesis.pdf

Cardiff university

7. Szymanski, Jamie. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Cardiff university

URL: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/

► Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulties with social interaction that affect their early learning through play. Systematic reviews were conducted on the effectiveness… (more)

▼ Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulties with social interaction that affect their early learning through play. Systematic reviews were conducted on the effectiveness of Social Stories™ (SS™), Self Video Modelling (SVM) and Peer Video Modelling (PVM) to teach social behaviour to such children. Study 1 compared their effectiveness for teaching three core play skills to 18 young children with ASD: initiating play, turn taking and finishing play; using a counterbalancing design across skills and play materials so that each participant received each intervention. At intake, participants’ ages, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale and PLS-3 scores were assessed. The three core skills were observed with good interobserver (97.3%) and procedural (100%) reliability and quantified using a specifically designed scale. The social validity of target skills and interventions was assessed using a Likert scale. All interventions showed evidence of significant improvement. Non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Wilcoxon tests showed that SVM was superior to SS™ and PVM. Such superiority was evident for initiating play and turn taking but not for finishing play. There was no significant association between the intake variables and either the degree of change between baseline and post-intervention or the post-intervention scores themselves for SS™. Change following SVM was positively related to the Vineland composite score and its motor skills domain score. Post-intervention scores for SVM were positively related to the Vineland composite scores and its communication, daily living and motor skills domain scores as well as all three PLS-3 scores. Change following PVM was related to the Vineland maladaptive score. The target skills and interventions had high social validity. Study 2 showed that more sustained intervention over time resulted in improvement for those who did less well initially. Overall, the research provides encouraging evidence that these interventions are effective in teaching play behaviours to young children with ASD.

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Szymanski, J. (2014). A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cardiff university. Retrieved from http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Szymanski, Jamie. “A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cardiff university. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Szymanski, Jamie. “A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Szymanski J. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cardiff university; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/.

Council of Science Editors:

Szymanski J. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cardiff university; 2014. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/

Cardiff University

8. Szymanski, Jamie. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.

Degree: PhD, 2014, Cardiff University

URL: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611049

► Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulties with social interaction that affect their early learning through play. Systematic reviews were conducted on the effectiveness… (more)

▼ Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have difficulties with social interaction that affect their early learning through play. Systematic reviews were conducted on the effectiveness of Social Stories™ (SS™), Self Video Modelling (SVM) and Peer Video Modelling (PVM) to teach social behaviour to such children. Study 1 compared their effectiveness for teaching three core play skills to 18 young children with ASD: initiating play, turn taking and finishing play; using a counterbalancing design across skills and play materials so that each participant received each intervention. At intake, participants’ ages, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale and PLS-3 scores were assessed. The three core skills were observed with good interobserver (97.3%) and procedural (100%) reliability and quantified using a specifically designed scale. The social validity of target skills and interventions was assessed using a Likert scale. All interventions showed evidence of significant improvement. Non-parametric repeated measures ANOVA and post-hoc Wilcoxon tests showed that SVM was superior to SS™ and PVM. Such superiority was evident for initiating play and turn taking but not for finishing play. There was no significant association between the intake variables and either the degree of change between baseline and post-intervention or the post-intervention scores themselves for SS™. Change following SVM was positively related to the Vineland composite score and its motor skills domain score. Post-intervention scores for SVM were positively related to the Vineland composite scores and its communication, daily living and motor skills domain scores as well as all three PLS-3 scores. Change following PVM was related to the Vineland maladaptive score. The target skills and interventions had high social validity. Study 2 showed that more sustained intervention over time resulted in improvement for those who did less well initially. Overall, the research provides encouraging evidence that these interventions are effective in teaching play behaviours to young children with ASD.

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Szymanski, J. (2014). A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cardiff University. Retrieved from http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611049

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Szymanski, Jamie. “A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cardiff University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611049.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Szymanski, Jamie. “A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Szymanski J. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cardiff University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611049.

Council of Science Editors:

Szymanski J. A comparative evaluation of Social Stories™, Self Video Modelling and Peer Video Modelling in the teaching, maintenance and generalisation of social behaviour skills with children aged 36-72 months on the Autism Spectrum. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cardiff University; 2014. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/60377/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611049

University of Huddersfield

9. Vasey, Jackie. Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care.

Degree: Thesis (Prof.D.), 2015, University of Huddersfield

URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668188

► Background: Despite the growing evidence about acute pain management in children and the availability of practice guidelines, children still experience unnecessary pain when in hospital.… (more)

▼ Background: Despite the growing evidence about acute pain management in children and the availability of practice guidelines, children still experience unnecessary pain when in hospital. Involving parents in their child’s pain care has been identified as being central to the pain management in children. However, little is known about how parents and nurses work in partnership in acute children’s wards to care for the child experiencing pain. This thesis explored the experiences and perceptions of parents and nurses and the extent to which parents are involved and partners in the child’s pain care, and the factors that influence parental involvement in care. The family-centred care practice continuum was the theoretical framework that underpinned the study. Methods: A qualitative ethnographical study using non-participant observation and follow up interviews was undertaken. Fourteen nurses and 44 parents/grandparents participated, recruited from the children’s wards of two district general hospitals. The framework approach underpinned data analysis. Findings: While some evidence of parental involvement was identified, the study revealed variations in the way parents are involved in their child’s pain care. A range of challenges were highlighted in relation to the implementation of family-centred care as an approach to promote parental involvement in care. Parents wanted to be more involved in their child’s pain care, and act as an advocate for their child, particularly when they perceived their child’s pain care to be sub-optimal. At times nurses created barriers to parental involvement in pain care, for example, by not communicating effectively with parents and planning pain care without involving parents. The ‘Pillars of Partnership in Pain Care Model’ is offered as an alternative approach to engaging with parents, to address the barriers to involvement and assist nurses shift from a paternalistic approach to involvement to one of working collaboratively with parents in the context of the care of child in pain. Conclusions and implications for practice: Parental involvement in their child’s acute pain care can improve the child’s pain experience, increase parents’ satisfaction in care and reduce parental anxiety. The challenge for nurses is to embrace parental contribution to care and develop the confidence to support parents to advocate for their child.

Subjects/Keywords: 362.19892; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vasey, J. (2015). Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Huddersfield. Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668188

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vasey, Jackie. “Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Huddersfield. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668188.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vasey, Jackie. “Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vasey J. Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668188.

Council of Science Editors:

Vasey J. Tokenism or true partnership : parental involvement in a child's acute pain care. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2015. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/26181/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.668188

Cardiff University

10. Brooks, Rachel M. A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff.

Degree: Thesis (M.D.), 2014, Cardiff University

URL: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/58212/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600601

► Domestic abuse puts children at risk. There is evidence that the health of these children is compromised. This thesis aims to explore whether specific health… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 362.76; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brooks, R. M. (2014). A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cardiff University. Retrieved from http://orca.cf.ac.uk/58212/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600601

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brooks, Rachel M. “A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Cardiff University. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/58212/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600601.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brooks, Rachel M. “A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Brooks RM. A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cardiff University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/58212/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600601.

Council of Science Editors:

Brooks RM. A review of the health service needs of children residing in refuges for women fleeing domestic abuse in Cardiff. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cardiff University; 2014. Available from: http://orca.cf.ac.uk/58212/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.600601

11. Routen, Ashley. Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Worcester

URL: http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/2734/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665705

► Participation in physical activity (PA) of at least moderate intensity may yield important health benefits for children. A popular behavioural tool used to promote increased… (more)

▼ Participation in physical activity (PA) of at least moderate intensity may yield important health benefits for children. A popular behavioural tool used to promote increased PA is the pedometer. There is however limited evidence regarding pedometer-based strategies in children. This thesis reports on a series of anthropometric and accelerometer-measurement issue studies which inform the methods used to address the primary aim of this thesis- to determine the effectiveness of goal-setting, selfmonitoring and step-feedback pedometer-based interventions for increasing PA in 10- 11-year-old children. In addition, each study in their own right provides an original contribution to knowledge within their specific area of scholarship. The first objective of this thesis was therefore to determine diurnal variation of height and weight and the combined effect upon body mass index (BMI) weight status in children via a field based study. Next, the reliability of the Actiwatch 4 (AW4) accelerometer was tested in a mechanical laboratory experiment. Following this laboratory trial a second field based study examined the impact of placement site upon AW4 output, and the validity of a regression equation to predict hip-derived AW4 data from wrist-derived data. Finally, a brief intervention mapping approach was used to develop goal-setting, selfmonitoring and step-feedback pedometer-based interventions, the effectiveness of which was evaluated in a small scale controlled trial involving two primary schools. The main findings of this thesis were a) that diurnal variation in height (and in girls alone, weight) impact upon increased BMI and BMI percentile in afternoon versus morning measurements b) AW4 activity counts exhibit acceptable reliability statistics (comparable to other accelerometer models), which improve when raw activity counts are reduced into derived activity intensity variables c) wrist and hip derived AW4 data are not comparable, and the derived regression equation may not be suitable for group level prediction due to inaccurate individual level prediction and the large standard error of the estimate observed d) pilot testing pedometer wear and intervention materials may highlight practical pedometer issues (i.e. pedometer attachment, wearing compliance and acceptability of instruction sheets) that inform intervention implementation and e) pedometer-based goal-setting, self-monitoring and step-feedback interventions did not increase PA in 10-11-year-old children. However, individual-standardised goal setting may be more promising as this appeared to mitigate any decline in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in moreactive children, and increased MVPA in less-active. To summarise, the findings of this thesis highlight important issues for physical activity scientists to consider when using BMI-determined weight status as a grouping variable and accelerometers as an outcome measure, when evaluating physical activity interventions in children. With regard to the primary aim of this thesis, future researchers…

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Routen, A. (2013). Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Worcester. Retrieved from http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/2734/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665705

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Routen, Ashley. “Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Worcester. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/2734/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665705.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Routen, Ashley. “Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Routen A. Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Worcester; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/2734/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665705.

Council of Science Editors:

Routen A. Body mass index and accelerometer measurement issues for use in the evaluation of pedometer-based physical interventions in children. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Worcester; 2013. Available from: http://eprints.worc.ac.uk/2734/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665705

University of Glasgow

12. Beattie, Lynne Mary. Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease.

Degree: Thesis (M.D.), 2014, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5312/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.630972

► Introduction Randomised controlled trials administering probiotic supplements to preterm infants to prevent sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis are already underway, despite the lack of a robust… (more)

▼ Introduction Randomised controlled trials administering probiotic supplements to preterm infants to prevent sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis are already underway, despite the lack of a robust evidence base of normative values for gut microbiota, bacterial metabolites, and markers of inflammation and immunity. There are increasing calls for observational studies to establish baseline data in these infants. Most of these studies to date have involved the measurement of these analytes individually. In the studies presented in this thesis, we measured a range of stool markers collectively in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease. Design 56 infants at <32 week gestation and less than 1500g birth weight were sequentially recruited from all three Glasgow Neonatal Units within week one of life after commencement of enteral feeds. Anthropometric, dietary and treatment data were collected. Stool samples were taken once weekly for the first four weeks, testing: short chain fatty acids; calprotectin, secretory immunoglobulin A; and microbial diversity by temporal temperature gel electrophoresis. Results Out of 61 live births meeting the study criteria, 56 infants were enrolled in the study, 62.5% of whom were female. 19.6% were between 24-26 weeks gestation, 28% were 26-28 weeks, 30% were 28-30 weeks, and 21% were 30-32 weeks. 5.3% were between 490-600g in birth weight, 17.8% were 600-800g, 21.4% were 801-1000g, 39.2% 1001-1250g, and 16% were between 1251-1500g. Feed regimen was heterogeneous, comprising 5 combinations of maternal, donor and formula milks. The highest social deprivation level as measured by the Carlisle ‘Depcat’ scoring system of level 7 was significantly higher in the study group than Glasgow or Scotland-wide averages. Sepsis rates were low, with a group median of only 1 per infant. Overall mortality: 7%. 32 with any NEC (56%), 20 with Bells’ ≥2a NEC. 8 (14%) with surgically treated NEC, 5 (8%) underwent ileostomy. SCFAs: (n=56) there were no correlations between gestation, weekly totals, feed type, or NEC and SCFA concentration. Acetate and lactate dominated each sample. Few significant changes were noted with respect to NEC, and these were in the less dominant SCFAs: stage 2a NEC showed higher concentrations of propionate in week 4 than week 3, and lower valerate in week 4 than 2. Stage 3b levels of isobutyrate and heptanoate were significantly lower in week 4 than 3. FC: (n=56) there were no significant differences in FC levels between each week in infants with or without NEC, although the former illustrated a trend to lower levels by week 4. There were no significant differences in NEC before and after clinical signs were apparent, or in those before NEC and after stoma formation for stage 3b NEC. However, significantly lower FC levels were noted in stage 3b NEC requiring ileostomy compared to the immediate pre-operative sample. SIgA: (n=34) Levels rose significantly week on week, and were considerably higher in weeks three and four than week one. There were no significant differences in…

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beattie, L. M. (2014). Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5312/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.630972

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beattie, Lynne Mary. “Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5312/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.630972.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beattie, Lynne Mary. “Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease.” 2014. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Beattie LM. Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5312/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.630972.

Council of Science Editors:

Beattie LM. Gut bacterial activity in a cohort of preterm infants in health and disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2014. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5312/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.630972

13. Bula, Agatha Kapatuka. Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi.

Degree: PhD, 2015, City, University of London

URL: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/14679/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685574

► Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months is recommended as the most cost-effective public health intervention to improve child survival particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and is… (more)

▼ Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months is recommended as the most cost-effective public health intervention to improve child survival particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa and is central to achieving Millennium Development Goal number 4 for child health. However, despite the benefits of EBF to infants and mothers, the rates continue to decrease as the age of the infant increases in an African cultural context including Malawi. There is increasing literature on the effectiveness of community-based peer counselling on EBF promotion in resource-poor settings but its effectiveness in the context of HIV and experiences of HIV positive women with the intervention remains a gap. The purpose of this thesis was to explore determinants of EBF using MaiMwana infant feeding peer-counselling intervention conducted in Mchinji, Malawi as a case study. Specifically, in this study I explored the effectiveness of the intervention to help HIV positive women to overcome the barriers and examine people’s experiences and perceptions towards the intervention with respect to HIV and poverty. I adopted qualitative in-depth interviews with 39 informants, including breastfeeding mothers, peer counsellors and key informants who were purposely selected. The data was analysed using a framework approach. I found that despite having good knowledge, women from rural communities face considerable challenges while practicing EBF. Cultural beliefs, economic constraints, lack of power and support, and fear of transmitting the virus to their infants were cited as major barriers that prevented them from practicing EBF. Overall, the findings from this study suggest that peer counsellors are well accepted by service-users and other community members as they positively viewed their frequent visits as providing additional support, reinforcing infant feeding messages and provide psychological support to women resulting in improved EBF rates. Furthermore, the presence of peer counsellors was viewed as “bringing services at their door step” which reduced time and cost to travel to the health facility. Nevertheless, the findings suggest that voluntary work in resource-poor settings presents considerable challenges such as: poor motivation due to lack of incentives, overworking, lack of knowledge and time to handle HIV positive cases and poor supervision. In order to effectively promote EBF in resource-poor settings, public health programme designers and implementers need to consider these barriers so as to design community-based interventions that suit the local context and create an enabling environment.

Subjects/Keywords: 362.19892; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bula, A. K. (2015). Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi. (Doctoral Dissertation). City, University of London. Retrieved from https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/14679/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685574

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bula, Agatha Kapatuka. “Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, City, University of London. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/14679/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685574.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bula, Agatha Kapatuka. “Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bula AK. Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. City, University of London; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/14679/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685574.

Council of Science Editors:

Bula AK. Influences of HIV on exclusive breastfeeding : an exploration of community-based peer support in rural Malawi. [Doctoral Dissertation]. City, University of London; 2015. Available from: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/14679/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.685574

14. Deutsch, Ruth Marion. Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile.

Degree: PhD, 2017, City, University of London

URL: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21479/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768140

► The Cognitive Abilities Profile (CAP) (Deutsch and Mohammed, 2010) is a collaborative tool for psychologists and teachers. The CAP is based on principles of Dynamic… (more)

▼ The Cognitive Abilities Profile (CAP) (Deutsch and Mohammed, 2010) is a collaborative tool for psychologists and teachers. The CAP is based on principles of Dynamic Assessment (DA) and uses a consultative model for rating pupils' cognitive abilities in various cognitive domains and for planning interventions to facilitate pupils' progress accordingly. The CAP was developed in response to a perceived need for educational psychologists (EPs) to have access to alternative assessments to standardised psychological tests, particularly in the case of learning disadvantaged and ethnic minority pupils. Using DA as one possible approach creates a need for EPs to have access to training and to receive support with the implementation of DA-based intervention methods within local services. However, surveys of EP use of DA indicate limitations in training, inadequate support and difficulties in wider application of DA. In the present work, a quantitative methodology has been used to examine the validity and reliability of the CAP in overcoming the above-noted difficulties in the implementation of DA by EPs. The methodology involved the collection and analysis of data from three groups of EPs, two of which conducted consultations with teachers using the CAP and the third group of EPs used its own choice of consultation methodology and functioned as a control group. The findings of the present work provide evidence of good construct validity of the CAP cognitive domains, adequate inter-rater reliability between CAP users and evidence of advantage for pupils in some areas of functioning between pre- and post-use of the CAP, as validated by independent standardised tests. Analysis of perceptions of EPs of the utility of the CAP, based on the results of feedback questionnaires, addresses issues of user friendliness of the CAP. CAP users agreed on the need for initial training for psychologists and support for practitioners. The findings have implications for adoption of a novel approach in EP and teacher related work.

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Deutsch, R. M. (2017). Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile. (Doctoral Dissertation). City, University of London. Retrieved from https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21479/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768140

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Deutsch, Ruth Marion. “Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, City, University of London. Accessed January 22, 2021. https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21479/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768140.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Deutsch, Ruth Marion. “Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Deutsch RM. Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. City, University of London; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21479/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768140.

Council of Science Editors:

Deutsch RM. Reliability, validity and educational use of the Cognitive Abilities Profile. [Doctoral Dissertation]. City, University of London; 2017. Available from: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/21479/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.768140

15. Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754315

► Background – Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous physical (e.g., reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes and obesity) and psychological (e.g.,… (more)

▼ Background – Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous physical (e.g., reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes and obesity) and psychological (e.g., improved mental well-being, and reduction in levels of stress and depression) benefits for childhood health. Despite the known benefits, childhood PA levels are low in Scotland, where less than 20% of children achieve the recommended daily guidelines. Evidence suggests that time spent outside is positively associated with achieving higher PA levels. Understanding what might encourage children to spend time outside in their neighbourhood could inform the development of interventions aimed at encouraging children to be more active. Children from different socio-spatial neighbourhoods may perceive and utilise their neighbourhood differently, influencing how they spend their free time. This PhD thesis examines how children from diverse settings perceive their neighbourhood in relation to their outdoor activity behaviours. Methods – This thesis takes a qualitative, multi-methodological approach, towards understanding 10-11 year old children’s perceptions of their environment in relation to their time spent outside through the lens of Gibson’s theory of affordances. A pilot study (n=15, 5 boys, 10 girls) was conducted to test the feasibility of the methods. For the main study, the children (n=25, 12 boys, 13 girls) were from different levels of area deprivation and from varying levels of urbanicity. Data collection methods included photo voice, drawings, focus groups or interviews. The participants were asked to document features within their environment (via photographs and drawings) that they felt influenced their time outside. They were then asked to participate in either a focus group or a one-to-one interview. The data collection process took place between May and September 2015. Findings – Children’s perceptions of their neighbourhood environments are complex, and numerous differences were found to be dependent on area of residence. Children from rural areas appeared to be influenced more by physical affordances whereas children living in urban settings were influenced more by social affordances, specifically their friends. Children living in more deprived neighbourhoods spoke of needing more PA opportunities in their neighbourhood compared to children living in more affluent neighbourhoods, suggesting that inequalities may still exist between higher and lower area deprivation. Many of the children considered current play equipment too boring, and lacked challenge or risk. The children desired equipment that better suited their perceived capabilities. This thesis found that children were more likely to spend time outside for psychological reasons, such as relaxation. Conclusion – Through the use of novel methodology in this subject area, this thesis adds an original contribution to the literature by exploring children’s environmental perceptions in relation to PA, and by looking at how setting might influence these perceptions. This thesis…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hayball, F. Z. L. (2018). Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754315

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. “Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754315.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. “Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hayball FZL. Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754315.

Council of Science Editors:

Hayball FZL. Children's perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours : exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2018. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754315

University of Glasgow

16. Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726713

► The effects of androgens reach far and wide and can be physiological as well as pathological. They are not limited to males and involve almost… (more)

▼ The effects of androgens reach far and wide and can be physiological as well as pathological. They are not limited to males and involve almost every system in the human body. Their influence on reproductive development and behaviours is well studied, but more recently, attention has turned to the wider reaching consequences of androgen exposure. Disorders of sex development (DSD) are rare conditions in which individuals may be deficient in, or resistant to, the effects of androgens. The long-term health and quality of life for these individuals is not well reported, but where there are reports, there are descriptions of increased depressive like behaviours, anxiety and poor social functioning. Lack of androgens has been linked to poorer neurocognitive outcomes in some studies and there is a concern that more aggressive hormone replacement should be considered in early life for those individuals lacking in androgens. These disorders can be difficult to study for many reasons. Firstly, they are rare conditions. Secondly, adults with DSD do not tend to visit hospital regularly and can therefore be challenging to engage in research. Thirdly, studying the effects of early life exposure to steroid hormones and relating these to later life behaviours is incredibly complex. Animal models have been used for many years to study the hormonal environment. For my first study, I used a model of rodent neonatal androgen blockade by treating pups with the anti-androgen flutamide for the first five days of life. The animals were studied again in adolescence (6 weeks of age) and early adulthood (10 weeks of age). There were no significant differences found in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione levels in either age group, demonstrating that the androgen blockade was transient. The anogenital index (AGI) was significantly shorter in the treated animals when compared to controls at 6 weeks of age and 10 weeks of age. Phallus length was significantly shorter in treated males when compared to the healthy males at 6 weeks of age and at 10 weeks of age. Phallus weight was significantly lower in the treated animals at 10 weeks of age when compared to the healthy animals. This work demonstrated that my rodent model of neonatal androgen blockade was an effective one. My next study used the same rodent model and aimed to link the perinatal hormonal environment with in vivo brain chemistry using a painless, non-invasive technique known as Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Using a mixed effects model, I analysed the effects of sex, gender, treatment with flutamide and age on the metabolite pattern of the rodent brain. Ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glucose, glutamine, glutamate, phosphocholine and myo-inositol all changed over time. The combined peaks of glutamate and glutamine also demonstrated a significant change over time. GABA, glutamate, phosphocholine and myo-inositol showed significant sex differences as did the combined peaks of glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and N-acetylaspartylglutamate…

Subjects/Keywords: 612.6; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rodie, M. E. (2017). Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726713

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. “Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726713.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. “Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rodie ME. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726713.

Council of Science Editors:

Rodie ME. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2017. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/ ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.726713

University of Glasgow

17. Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575968

► In chapter 1, bone structure, bone growth and development, osteoporosis in children and skeletal morbidities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are discussed. After… (more)

▼ In chapter 1, bone structure, bone growth and development, osteoporosis in children and skeletal morbidities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are discussed. After that, the mechanostat and the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone health are considered. Finally, I examine diagnostic approaches to assess the musculoskeletal system. In chapter 2, the incidence and risk factors for skeletal morbidity in ALL children are determined. The medical records of all (n,186, male,110) children presenting with ALL between 1997 and 2007 and treated on UKALL97, UKALL97/01 or UKALL2003 were studied. Skeletal morbidity included musculoskeletal pain (MSP), fractures and osteonecrosis (ON). MSP was classified as any event of limb pain, muscle pain, joint symptoms or back pain that required radiological examination. Fractures and ON were confirmed by X-rays and MRI respectively. We found that skeletal morbidity, presenting as MSP, fractures or ON were reported in 88(47%) children of whom 56(63%) were boys. Of 88 children, 49(55%), 27(30%) and 18(20%) had MSP, fracture(s) or ON, respectively. Six (7%) had both fractures and ON. The median(10th,90thcentiles) age at diagnosis of ALL children without skeletal morbidity was 3.9years(1.4,12), which was lower than in those with skeletal morbidity at 8.2years(2.2,14.3) (p<0.00001,95%CI:1.7,4.4). Children with ALL diagnosed over 8years of age were at increased risk of developing fracture(s) (p=0.01,odds ratio(OR)=2.9,95%CI:1.3,6.5), whereas the risk of ON was higher in those who were diagnosed after 9years of age (p<0.0001,OR=15,95%CI:4.1,54.4). There was no gender-difference in the incidence of skeletal morbidity. Children who received dexamethasone had a higher incidence of skeletal morbidity than those who were treated with prednisolone (p=0.027,OR=2.6,95%CI:1.1,5.9). We concluded that the occurrence of skeletal morbidity in ALL children may be influenced by age and the type of glucocorticoids (GCs). These findings may facilitate the development of effective bone protective intervention. In chapter 3, the aim is to investigate the influence of physical activity, age and mineral homeostasis over the first 12months of chemotherapy on subsequent skeletal morbidity. We reviewed 56 children who presented with ALL between 2003 and 2007 and treated only on iv UKALL2003. The number of in-patient days over the first 12months of chemotherapy was collected and used as a surrogate marker of inactivity and lack of well-being. Data for serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (Pho), magnesium (Mg) and albumin were also collected over this period. Skeletal morbidity was defined as any episode MSP or fractures. We found that the median duration of in-patient days over the first 12months of treatment in children with no skeletal morbidity was 58days(40,100), whereas the median number of in-patient days during the first 12months in those children with any skeletal morbidity, MSP only or fractures only was 83days(54,131), 81days(52,119) and 91days(59,158), respectively (p=0.003). Children with…

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Elmantaser, M. E. M. (2013). Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575968

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. “Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575968.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. “Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Elmantaser MEM. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575968.

Council of Science Editors:

Elmantaser MEM. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575968

University of Glasgow

18. Malik, Umm ie Salma. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575964

► Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Once considered rare in the paediatric population, it is recognized with increasing frequency among children of… (more)

▼ Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Once considered rare in the paediatric population, it is recognized with increasing frequency among children of all ages. Approximately 20-30% of all patients with CD present when they are younger than 20 years. With its increasing recognition, CD has become one of the most important chronic diseases that affect children and adolescents. In addition to the common gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain) children often experience growth retardation, pubertal delay, and bone demineralization. In these children, maintenance of skeletal health is a complex process that is influenced by a number of different mechanisms including steroid therapy, the disease process, nutritional status, endocrine status and the response of the body to inflammatory mediators. The recent introduction of biologic therapy that targets specific mediators of the proinflammatory process is a promising adjunct in the therapeutic management of the child with chronic inflammation. These drugs may also exert beneficial effects on the adverse effects of inflammation on growth and skeletal development. It is unclear whether these beneficial effects are due to improvement in overall disease or due to a direct ‘anti-cytokine’ effect at the level of the target tissue involved in growth and skeletal development. The hypothesis of this study was that the biologic therapy improves linear growth, puberty, bone health, body composition and muscle function in children with CD and this is associated with changes in the IGF-1 axis and markers of bone formation and bone resorption. Chapter 1 is an extensive literature review about the effects of biologic therapy on growth and skeletal development in paediatric patients with chronic inflammatory conditions particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The main aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate effects of inflammation and biologic therapy on growth and skeletal development in children with chronic inflammatory conditions and to explore the areas of interest for further research. Chapter 2 is the study about the growth in children receiving contemporary disease specific therapy in children with CD. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of short stature and poor growth and their relationship to disease course and therapy in children with CD. Clinical records of all children with a confirmed diagnosis of CD, who were between 2yrs and 18yrs at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow were examined retrospectively. Data were collected at diagnosis, 1-yr, 2-yr and 3-yr after diagnosis and at maximum follow-up. The relationship of a number of factors including therapeutic modalities to two commonly used anthropometric markers of growth height velocity standard deviation scores (HVSDS) and change in height standard deviation scores (∆HtSDS) was examined. This study suggested that ∆HtSDS may be a more valid method of assessing and reporting longitudinal growth in children with chronic disease,…

Subjects/Keywords: 616.3; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Malik, U. i. S. (2013). Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575964

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Malik, Umm ie Salma. “Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575964.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Malik, Umm ie Salma. “Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Malik UiS. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575964.

Council of Science Editors:

Malik UiS. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.575964

University of Glasgow

19. Craig, Eva M. Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616353

► The World Health Organization estimates that 22 million children worldwide aged <5 years are overweight and highlights tackling childhood obesity as an urgent priority. Childhood… (more)

▼ The World Health Organization estimates that 22 million children worldwide aged <5 years are overweight and highlights tackling childhood obesity as an urgent priority. Childhood obesity is rising to epidemic proportions in the developing world, reflecting changing physical activity levels and dietary intakes, adding a significant public health burden to countries where undernutrition remains common. Interventions to prevent childhood obesity have had disappointing results, because the science and aetiology of obesity is poorly understood and prevention programmes have not targeted appropriate behaviours nor adequately engaged communities being studied. The origins of obesity appear simple, excess energy intake and/or low energy levels expended on physical activity, leading to chronic energy imbalance. However, the problem is more complex with underlying societal, behavioural and genetic causes of energy imbalance remaining unclear. Obesity is driven by individual, household and community factors: research to date has concentrated on individual factors with almost no significant focus on higher level influences on obesity. Findings from studies in developed countries are unlikely to be applicable to rural African settings where there is an increasing transition from a state of undernutrition to that of overnutrition. Few data exist on the prevalence of child and adolescent obesity from low and middle income countries like South Africa. This thesis aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents (aged 7-15 years) within this population and to identify possible risk factors. Participants and Methods The study was cross-sectional and involved collecting primary data in local schools. A total of 1,519 subjects were recruited from three age groups (approximately 500 from each age group 7, 11 and 15 years). Participants were recruited from school grades 1, 5 and 9 corresponding to the ages 7, 11 and 15 years respectively. The study comprised two parts, a main cross-sectional study and a further study including a sub-sample of the participants. In the main cross-sectional study anthropometric measurements (height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference and body fat) were performed on all the participants and a lifestyle questionnaire administered (questions related to water collection, travel to school, TV watching and sport participation). The study took place in a demographic surveillance area and data collected from participants was linked with their household/community data to allow analysis of variables associated with overweight/overfat status. 150 participants were randomly selected from the main study (50 from each age group 7, 11 and 15 years) and invited to take part in a sub-sample study which included objective measurement of physical activity (7 days accelerometry) and dietary assessment (2 x 24 hour multiple pass recall assessments) on each participant. Main Findings Prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in girls than boys and was highest in the oldest age groups…

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Craig, E. M. (2013). Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616353

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Craig, Eva M. “Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616353.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Craig, Eva M. “Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Craig EM. Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616353.

Council of Science Editors:

Craig EM. Child and adolescent obesity : prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616353

University of Glasgow

20. Ezeofor, Ifeyinwa Obiageli. Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7061/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679568

► The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life for optimal growth. However, the rapid growth of early infancy… (more)

▼ The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life for optimal growth. However, the rapid growth of early infancy is limited by undernutrition, and this has been assumed rare. Nonetheless, there has been reported evidence of this problem, particularly in infants with underlying disease. Identifying infants at the risk of undernutrition using growth charts is simple, quick, invaluable, but suggested ineffective. The possible cause is poor health staff understanding, application and interpretation of growth patterns in early infancy, particularly in developing countries. In Nigeria, little is known about patterns of growth, how growth velocity relate to nutritional status, standardised methods for assessing nutrition risk, and prevalence of undernutrition in infants younger than 6 months, particularly hospitalised infants. Therefore, this project based at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, set out to answer the following research questions: 1) What is the prevalence of undernutrition in infants younger than 6 months, particularly hospitalised infants? 2) What are the implicated feeding patterns and medical conditions of these infants? 3) Can feeding information and growth patterns be used to predict undernutrition in these infants? 4) Is health staff use of growth patterns in identifying undernutrition in early infancy effective? Methods: Data were collected for the project’s three cross-sectional, observational studies. 1) Feeding information from birth to date of assessment was collected from mothers/carers of healthy infants attending the Infant Welfare Clinic (IWC) of the UNTH, Enugu. Their retrospective weight measurements at birth, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months were documented from their mother-held Road-to-Health (RTH) growth charts. 2) Feeding and growth information was collected from infants at admission (from birth to 26 weeks of age) to the Hospital Wards of the UNTH. These data were collected using a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire based on the Subjective Global Nutrition Assessment (SGNA); including anthropometric measures of weight, length, head circumference, mid-upper arm circumference, and skinfolds (triceps and subscapular). 3) Paediatric Health Staff were surveyed in two teaching hospitals and four government-controlled primary health facilities using a structured self-completion questionnaire to: - determine how growth charts are used to detect childhood undernutrition - determine the accuracy in plotting and rating/applying/interpreting weight gain patterns shown on the RTH and WHO growth charts for appropriate action - test the understanding of growth trajectories displayed on charts. Results: Infant Welfare Clinic Study: The retrospective weights of 411 healthy infants (0 – 26 weeks old) attending the IWC of the UNTH, Enugu was compiled and used to generate a reference to compare that of their hospitalised peers in the same hospital. There was a steady weight gain increase in the first half and…

Subjects/Keywords: 618.92; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ezeofor, I. O. (2015). Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7061/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679568

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ezeofor, Ifeyinwa Obiageli. “Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7061/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679568.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ezeofor, Ifeyinwa Obiageli. “Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria.” 2015. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ezeofor IO. Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7061/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679568.

Council of Science Editors:

Ezeofor IO. Diagnosis of undernutrition in the first 6 months of life in Enugu city, southeast Nigeria. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2015. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7061/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.679568

University of Huddersfield

21. Joseph, Debra. Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Huddersfield

URL: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579016

► The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in the Caribbean is second only to Sub-Saharan Africa and higher than the global rate. HIV/AIDS presents a real threat to… (more)

▼ The HIV/AIDS prevalence rate in the Caribbean is second only to Sub-Saharan Africa and higher than the global rate. HIV/AIDS presents a real threat to children as they account for one in six global AIDS-related deaths and one in seven new global HIV infections. Furthermore, the number of new cases of children in the region is growing. Despite the impact of HIV/AIDS on Caribbean children, few research studies have been undertaken on the psychosocial issues that affect them and studies that include children’s perspectives seem to be even more lacking. This thesis is based on original research carried out in the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago. This study has examined the psychosocial issues that exist for children living with HIV in Trinidad and Tobago and has explored, from the perspectives of both children and their mothers, the types of supports that are available or accessed. The aims of the research were to 1) examine the psychosocial issues that affect children with acquired HIV/AIDS in Trinidad (the children in this research acquired HIV from their mothers) and 2) to explore the support that exists and gaps that may be necessary for their improved quality of life. It is hoped that intervention strategies will be gleaned from this research to assist future interdisciplinary teams that interact with this population. The methodology was based on a grounded theory approach (Strauss & Corbin 1990), and consisted of theoretical sampling and constant comparison throughout data analysis (open, axial, and selective coding) using a case triad (triad refers here to perspectives of three different actors). Four cases were purposively selected, each ‘case’ comprising a mother who was HIV positive, an “HIV Friend” (primary support figure, 4 in total) identified by the mother, and a child living with HIV (there were two children in one family, making five children in total, aged between five and thirteen years) – each of whom was interviewed. In addition, three mothers who did not tell their children of their status were also interviewed. These additional interviews were the result of theoretical sampling to explore two themes that emerged as significant in the first stage of analysis: 1) How “secrecy” was manifested in the lives of families coping with HIV and 2) The role of mothering. In total sixteen persons were interviewed. The findings produced three core categories, namely 1) the cyclical and complex nature of secrecy as a strategy to protect children from stigma and discrimination, 2) the impact on children of living with HIV-AIDS, including their role as protectors of HIV-positive mothers and 3) Mothering with HIV-AIDS. The study showed that these families, though impacted by uncertainty about the future, fear of dying and societal rejection, and for the large part financially and materially disadvantaged, were in-tact and functioned well. Furthermore these families had created a ‘new normal’ in which the secrecy about HIV was central and around which a range of behaviours, social codes and perceived consequences for…

Subjects/Keywords: 610; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA (6^th Edition):

Joseph, D. (2013). Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Huddersfield. Retrieved from http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579016

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Joseph, Debra. “Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Huddersfield. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579016.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Joseph, Debra. “Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Joseph D. Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579016.

Council of Science Editors:

Joseph D. Psychosocial issues and support for children who acquired HIV/AIDS from their mothers in Trinidad and Tobago. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Huddersfield; 2013. Available from: http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/18056/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.579016

University of Glasgow

22. Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573858

► The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age, where exclusive breast-feeding is defined as giving human breast milk only with… (more)

▼ The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age, where exclusive breast-feeding is defined as giving human breast milk only with no other foods or fluids. This recommendation has since been adopted by many countries. A systematic review of studies in exclusively breast-fed infants by Reilly and colleagues found a mean milk intake at 6 months of age that seemed too low to cover infant energy requirements. However, the evidence was relatively scarce, only from cross-sectional studies and based on the method of test-weighing, which has been criticised for under-estimating milk intake. Furthermore, longitudinal studies indicated no marked increase in milk intake over time, but these studies did not include measurements at 6 months of age. Reilly and Wells proposed the hypothesis that for exclusive breast-feeding to adequately cover infant energy requirements to 6 months of age, either 1) infants had to be unusually small, or 2) breast milk energy content had to be unusually high, or 3) milk intake had to be unusually high. The Reilly-Wells hypothesis was backed up by evidence of a world-wide low prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months, and by studies consistently reporting a maternally perceived insufficient milk supply as a major reason for mothers to cease exclusive breast-feeding and introduce either formula supplementation or complementary foods. Based on the Reilly-Wells hypothesis, the research question for the First-Feed study was: To explore how exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months of age is achievable – mainly from an energy balance point of view. The First-Feed study tested the hypothesis that successful exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months of age would include 1) infants that were small and/or growing slowly, 2) milk intakes and/or milk energy content that were higher than literature values and increasing over time, 3) infant energy requirements that were lower than reference values, and/or 4) infant feeding practices that were strained by very frequent and/or very time consuming breast-feeds. The study was designed as the first longitudinal observational study to use an isotopic method to measure milk intake and energy balance in exclusively breast-fed infants to 6 months of age, and it evaluated parts of the methodology employed in the study, in order to appreciate the results in light of the methodological strengths and limitations. The First-Feed study found that infants were overall of normal size and growing well relative to WHO Child Growth Standards. Metabolisable milk intakes were significantly higher than the values obtained by Reilly and colleagues at both 3½ and 6 months of age, and increased significantly over time. Infant energy requirements, determined as metabolisable energy intake, was significantly higher than references for mean energy requirements at 3½ months of age, while it was appropriate at 6 months of age. Breast-feeding practices showed no change over time in feeding frequency, but a significant decrease in time spent on…

Subjects/Keywords: 649; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nielsen, S. B. (2013). The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573858

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. “The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573858.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. “The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nielsen SB. The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573858.

Council of Science Editors:

Nielsen SB. The First-Feed Study : milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573858

University of Glasgow

23. Whittaker, Jennifer A. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study.

Degree: Thesis (D.Clin.Psy.), 2012, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560007

► Introduction: Insulin Pump Therapy has gained worldwide acceptance for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), offering a new method of insulin delivery, which… (more)

▼ Introduction: Insulin Pump Therapy has gained worldwide acceptance for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), offering a new method of insulin delivery, which circumvents the need for Multiple Daily Injections (MDI). It is thought to improve quality of life (QoL) by facilitating an increase in lifestyle flexibility, independence and glycaemic control (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, 2010; National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2008). These benefits have resulted in the National Health Service (NHS) Scotland pledging funding of at least £1million to deliver insulin pumps to under 18s (Scottish Government, 2012). Currently, investigations regarding the impact of Insulin Pump Therapy on QoL have resulted in conflicting findings (Barnard et al., 2007). This study aims to explore the impact of Insulin Pump Therapy on the QoL of children and adolescents, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Method: Eight participants with T1D, aged between 8 and 13 years and using an insulin pump, were recruited from the Glasgow Royal Hospital for Sick Children Diabetes Clinic. Each participant completed an in-depth interview, which explored their beliefs and attitudes towards Insulin Pump Therapy including its impact on their QoL. Results: Analysis of the transcripts led to the identification of six super-ordinate themes: ‘Physical Impact’, ‘Mood and Behaviour’, ‘Lifestyle Flexibility’, ‘Practicalities’, ‘Peer Reactions’, and ‘Support’. It is suggested that these six factors are not mutually exclusive and together inform the complexity of individuals’ experiences and the impact that the insulin pump has had on many aspects of their lives. These findings suggest a framework to help clinicians understand how young people with T1D perceive and conceptualise their treatment regimes. Conclusions: There was general agreement amongst participants that switching to Insulin Pump Therapy resulted in improvements to their QoL. Additional concerns were outlined but reportedly none of the participants regretted switching to an insulin pump.

Subjects/Keywords: 616.462; RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Whittaker, J. A. (2012). The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560007

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Whittaker, Jennifer A. “The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560007.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Whittaker, Jennifer A. “The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Whittaker JA. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560007.

Council of Science Editors:

Whittaker JA. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents' quality of life : a qualitative study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2012. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560007

University of Glasgow

24. Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/

► The effects of androgens reach far and wide and can be physiological as well as pathological. They are not limited to males and involve almost… (more)

▼ The effects of androgens reach far and wide and can be physiological as well as pathological. They are not limited to males and involve almost every system in the human body. Their influence on reproductive development and behaviours is well studied, but more recently, attention has turned to the wider reaching consequences of androgen exposure. Disorders of sex development (DSD) are rare conditions in which individuals may be deficient in, or resistant to, the effects of androgens. The long-term health and quality of life for these individuals is not well reported, but where there are reports, there are descriptions of increased depressive like behaviours, anxiety and poor social functioning. Lack of androgens has been linked to poorer neurocognitive outcomes in some studies and there is a concern that more aggressive hormone replacement should be considered in early life for those individuals lacking in androgens. These disorders can be difficult to study for many reasons. Firstly, they are rare conditions. Secondly, adults with DSD do not tend to visit hospital regularly and can therefore be challenging to engage in research. Thirdly, studying the effects of early life exposure to steroid hormones and relating these to later life behaviours is incredibly complex. Animal models have been used for many years to study the hormonal environment. For my first study, I used a model of rodent neonatal androgen blockade by treating pups with the anti-androgen flutamide for the first five days of life. The animals were studied again in adolescence (6 weeks of age) and early adulthood (10 weeks of age). There were no significant differences found in testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and androstenedione levels in either age group, demonstrating that the androgen blockade was transient. The anogenital index (AGI) was significantly shorter in the treated animals when compared to controls at 6 weeks of age and 10 weeks of age. Phallus length was significantly shorter in treated males when compared to the healthy males at 6 weeks of age and at 10 weeks of age. Phallus weight was significantly lower in the treated animals at 10 weeks of age when compared to the healthy animals. This work demonstrated that my rodent model of neonatal androgen blockade was an effective one. My next study used the same rodent model and aimed to link the perinatal hormonal environment with in vivo brain chemistry using a painless, non-invasive technique known as Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. Using a mixed effects model, I analysed the effects of sex, gender, treatment with flutamide and age on the metabolite pattern of the rodent brain. Ɣ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glucose, glutamine, glutamate, phosphocholine and myo-inositol all changed over time. The combined peaks of glutamate and glutamine also demonstrated a significant change over time. GABA, glutamate, phosphocholine and myo-inositol showed significant sex differences as did the combined peaks of glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine, N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Rodie, M. E. (2017). Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. “Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodie, Martina Elizabeth. “Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype.” 2017. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rodie ME. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/.

Council of Science Editors:

Rodie ME. Characterisation of the androgen dependent phenotype. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2017. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8540/

University of Glasgow

25. Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/

► Background – Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous physical (e.g., reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes and obesity) and psychological (e.g.,… (more)

▼ Background – Physical activity (PA) has been shown to have numerous physical (e.g., reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, type-2 diabetes and obesity) and psychological (e.g., improved mental well-being, and reduction in levels of stress and depression) benefits for childhood health. Despite the known benefits, childhood PA levels are low in Scotland, where less than 20% of children achieve the recommended daily guidelines. Evidence suggests that time spent outside is positively associated with achieving higher PA levels. Understanding what might encourage children to spend time outside in their neighbourhood could inform the development of interventions aimed at encouraging children to be more active. Children from different socio-spatial neighbourhoods may perceive and utilise their neighbourhood differently, influencing how they spend their free time. This PhD thesis examines how children from diverse settings perceive their neighbourhood in relation to their outdoor activity behaviours. Methods – This thesis takes a qualitative, multi-methodological approach, towards understanding 10-11 year old children’s perceptions of their environment in relation to their time spent outside through the lens of Gibson’s theory of affordances. A pilot study (n=15, 5 boys, 10 girls) was conducted to test the feasibility of the methods. For the main study, the children (n=25, 12 boys, 13 girls) were from different levels of area deprivation and from varying levels of urbanicity. Data collection methods included photo voice, drawings, focus groups or interviews. The participants were asked to document features within their environment (via photographs and drawings) that they felt influenced their time outside. They were then asked to participate in either a focus group or a one-to-one interview. The data collection process took place between May and September 2015. Findings – Children’s perceptions of their neighbourhood environments are complex, and numerous differences were found to be dependent on area of residence. Children from rural areas appeared to be influenced more by physical affordances whereas children living in urban settings were influenced more by social affordances, specifically their friends. Children living in more deprived neighbourhoods spoke of needing more PA opportunities in their neighbourhood compared to children living in more affluent neighbourhoods, suggesting that inequalities may still exist between higher and lower area deprivation. Many of the children considered current play equipment too boring, and lacked challenge or risk. The children desired equipment that better suited their perceived capabilities. This thesis found that children were more likely to spend time outside for psychological reasons, such as relaxation. Conclusion – Through the use of novel methodology in this subject area, this thesis adds an original contribution to the literature by exploring children’s environmental perceptions in relation to PA, and by looking at how setting might influence these perceptions. This…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hayball, F. Z. L. (2018). Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. “Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hayball, Felicity Zara Lee. “Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation.” 2018. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hayball FZL. Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/.

Council of Science Editors:

Hayball FZL. Children’s perceptions of their outdoor environment in relation to their physical activity behaviours: exploring differences by urbanicity and area level deprivation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2018. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9037/

University of Glasgow

26. Whittaker, Jennifer A. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study.

Degree: 2012, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/

► Introduction: Insulin Pump Therapy has gained worldwide acceptance for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), offering a new method of insulin delivery, which… (more)

▼ Introduction: Insulin Pump Therapy has gained worldwide acceptance for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), offering a new method of insulin delivery, which circumvents the need for Multiple Daily Injections (MDI). It is thought to improve quality of life (QoL) by facilitating an increase in lifestyle flexibility, independence and glycaemic control (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, 2010; National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2008). These benefits have resulted in the National Health Service (NHS) Scotland pledging funding of at least £1million to deliver insulin pumps to under 18s (Scottish Government, 2012). Currently, investigations regarding the impact of Insulin Pump Therapy on QoL have resulted in conflicting findings (Barnard et al., 2007). This study aims to explore the impact of Insulin Pump Therapy on the QoL of children and adolescents, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Method: Eight participants with T1D, aged between 8 and 13 years and using an insulin pump, were recruited from the Glasgow Royal Hospital for Sick Children Diabetes Clinic. Each participant completed an in-depth interview, which explored their beliefs and attitudes towards Insulin Pump Therapy including its impact on their QoL. Results: Analysis of the transcripts led to the identification of six super-ordinate themes: ‘Physical Impact’, ‘Mood and Behaviour’, ‘Lifestyle Flexibility’, ‘Practicalities’, ‘Peer Reactions’, and ‘Support’. It is suggested that these six factors are not mutually exclusive and together inform the complexity of individuals’ experiences and the impact that the insulin pump has had on many aspects of their lives. These findings suggest a framework to help clinicians understand how young people with T1D perceive and conceptualise their treatment regimes. Conclusions: There was general agreement amongst participants that switching to Insulin Pump Therapy resulted in improvements to their QoL. Additional concerns were outlined but reportedly none of the participants regretted switching to an insulin pump.

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Whittaker, J. A. (2012). The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study. (Thesis). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Whittaker, Jennifer A. “The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study.” 2012. Thesis, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Whittaker, Jennifer A. “The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study.” 2012. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Whittaker JA. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Glasgow; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Whittaker JA. The effect of Insulin Pump Therapy on children and adolescents’ quality of life: A qualitative study. [Thesis]. University of Glasgow; 2012. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3610/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Glasgow

27. Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/

► The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age, where exclusive breast-feeding is defined as giving human breast milk only with… (more)

▼ The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends exclusive breast-feeding until 6 months of age, where exclusive breast-feeding is defined as giving human breast milk only with no other foods or fluids. This recommendation has since been adopted by many countries. A systematic review of studies in exclusively breast-fed infants by Reilly and colleagues found a mean milk intake at 6 months of age that seemed too low to cover infant energy requirements. However, the evidence was relatively scarce, only from cross-sectional studies and based on the method of test-weighing, which has been criticised for under-estimating milk intake. Furthermore, longitudinal studies indicated no marked increase in milk intake over time, but these studies did not include measurements at 6 months of age. Reilly and Wells proposed the hypothesis that for exclusive breast-feeding to adequately cover infant energy requirements to 6 months of age, either 1) infants had to be unusually small, or 2) breast milk energy content had to be unusually high, or 3) milk intake had to be unusually high. The Reilly-Wells hypothesis was backed up by evidence of a world-wide low prevalence of exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months, and by studies consistently reporting a maternally perceived insufficient milk supply as a major reason for mothers to cease exclusive breast-feeding and introduce either formula supplementation or complementary foods. Based on the Reilly-Wells hypothesis, the research question for the First-Feed study was: To explore how exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months of age is achievable – mainly from an energy balance point of view. The First-Feed study tested the hypothesis that successful exclusive breast-feeding to 6 months of age would include 1) infants that were small and/or growing slowly, 2) milk intakes and/or milk energy content that were higher than literature values and increasing over time, 3) infant energy requirements that were lower than reference values, and/or 4) infant feeding practices that were strained by very frequent and/or very time consuming breast-feeds. The study was designed as the first longitudinal observational study to use an isotopic method to measure milk intake and energy balance in exclusively breast-fed infants to 6 months of age, and it evaluated parts of the methodology employed in the study, in order to appreciate the results in light of the methodological strengths and limitations. The First-Feed study found that infants were overall of normal size and growing well relative to WHO Child Growth Standards. Metabolisable milk intakes were significantly higher than the values obtained by Reilly and colleagues at both 3½ and 6 months of age, and increased significantly over time. Infant energy requirements, determined as metabolisable energy intake, was significantly higher than references for mean energy requirements at 3½ months of age, while it was appropriate at 6 months of age. Breast-feeding practices showed no change over time in feeding frequency, but a significant decrease in time spent on…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

❌

APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nielsen, S. B. (2013). The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. “The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nielsen, Susan Bjerregaard. “The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nielsen SB. The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/.

Council of Science Editors:

Nielsen SB. The First-Feed Study: Milk intake, energy balance and growth in infants exclusively breast-fed to 6 months of age. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4378/

University of Glasgow

28. Malik, Umm ie Salma. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease .

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/

► Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Once considered rare in the paediatric population, it is recognized with increasing frequency among children of… (more)

▼ Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease. Once considered rare in the paediatric population, it is recognized with increasing frequency among children of all ages. Approximately 20-30% of all patients with CD present when they are younger than 20 years. With its increasing recognition, CD has become one of the most important chronic diseases that affect children and adolescents. In addition to the common gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (diarrhoea, rectal bleeding, and abdominal pain) children often experience growth retardation, pubertal delay, and bone demineralization. In these children, maintenance of skeletal health is a complex process that is influenced by a number of different mechanisms including steroid therapy, the disease process, nutritional status, endocrine status and the response of the body to inflammatory mediators. The recent introduction of biologic therapy that targets specific mediators of the proinflammatory process is a promising adjunct in the therapeutic management of the child with chronic inflammation. These drugs may also exert beneficial effects on the adverse effects of inflammation on growth and skeletal development. It is unclear whether these beneficial effects are due to improvement in overall disease or due to a direct ‘anti-cytokine’ effect at the level of the target tissue involved in growth and skeletal development. The hypothesis of this study was that the biologic therapy improves linear growth, puberty, bone health, body composition and muscle function in children with CD and this is associated with changes in the IGF-1 axis and markers of bone formation and bone resorption. Chapter 1 is an extensive literature review about the effects of biologic therapy on growth and skeletal development in paediatric patients with chronic inflammatory conditions particularly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The main aim of this review was to summarize and evaluate effects of inflammation and biologic therapy on growth and skeletal development in children with chronic inflammatory conditions and to explore the areas of interest for further research. Chapter 2 is the study about the growth in children receiving contemporary disease specific therapy in children with CD. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of short stature and poor growth and their relationship to disease course and therapy in children with CD. Clinical records of all children with a confirmed diagnosis of CD, who were between 2yrs and 18yrs at the Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Glasgow were examined retrospectively. Data were collected at diagnosis, 1-yr, 2-yr and 3-yr after diagnosis and at maximum follow-up. The relationship of a number of factors including therapeutic modalities to two commonly used anthropometric markers of growth height velocity standard deviation scores (HVSDS) and change in height standard deviation scores (∆HtSDS) was examined. This study suggested that ∆HtSDS may be a more valid method of assessing and reporting longitudinal growth in children with chronic…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Malik, U. i. S. (2013). Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Malik, Umm ie Salma. “Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease .” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Malik, Umm ie Salma. “Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease .” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Malik UiS. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/.

Council of Science Editors:

Malik UiS. Effect of therapeutic interventions on skeletal growth & development in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4421/

University of Glasgow

29. Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/

► In chapter 1, bone structure, bone growth and development, osteoporosis in children and skeletal morbidities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are discussed. After… (more)

▼ In chapter 1, bone structure, bone growth and development, osteoporosis in children and skeletal morbidities in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) are discussed. After that, the mechanostat and the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone health are considered. Finally, I examine diagnostic approaches to assess the musculoskeletal system. In chapter 2, the incidence and risk factors for skeletal morbidity in ALL children are determined. The medical records of all (n,186, male,110) children presenting with ALL between 1997 and 2007 and treated on UKALL97, UKALL97/01 or UKALL2003 were studied. Skeletal morbidity included musculoskeletal pain (MSP), fractures and osteonecrosis (ON). MSP was classified as any event of limb pain, muscle pain, joint symptoms or back pain that required radiological examination. Fractures and ON were confirmed by X-rays and MRI respectively. We found that skeletal morbidity, presenting as MSP, fractures or ON were reported in 88(47%) children of whom 56(63%) were boys. Of 88 children, 49(55%), 27(30%) and 18(20%) had MSP, fracture(s) or ON, respectively. Six (7%) had both fractures and ON. The median(10th,90thcentiles) age at diagnosis of ALL children without skeletal morbidity was 3.9years(1.4,12), which was lower than in those with skeletal morbidity at 8.2years(2.2,14.3) (p<0.00001,95%CI:1.7,4.4). Children with ALL diagnosed over 8years of age were at increased risk of developing fracture(s) (p=0.01,odds ratio(OR)=2.9,95%CI:1.3,6.5), whereas the risk of ON was higher in those who were diagnosed after 9years of age (p<0.0001,OR=15,95%CI:4.1,54.4). There was no gender-difference in the incidence of skeletal morbidity. Children who received dexamethasone had a higher incidence of skeletal morbidity than those who were treated with prednisolone (p=0.027,OR=2.6,95%CI:1.1,5.9). We concluded that the occurrence of skeletal morbidity in ALL children may be influenced by age and the type of glucocorticoids (GCs). These findings may facilitate the development of effective bone protective intervention. In chapter 3, the aim is to investigate the influence of physical activity, age and mineral homeostasis over the first 12months of chemotherapy on subsequent skeletal morbidity. We reviewed 56 children who presented with ALL between 2003 and 2007 and treated only on iv UKALL2003. The number of in-patient days over the first 12months of chemotherapy was collected and used as a surrogate marker of inactivity and lack of well-being. Data for serum calcium (Ca), phosphate (Pho), magnesium (Mg) and albumin were also collected over this period. Skeletal morbidity was defined as any episode MSP or fractures. We found that the median duration of in-patient days over the first 12months of treatment in children with no skeletal morbidity was 58days(40,100), whereas the median number of in-patient days during the first 12months in those children with any skeletal morbidity, MSP only or fractures only was 83days(54,131), 81days(52,119) and 91days(59,158), respectively (p=0.003). Children…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Elmantaser, M. E. M. (2013). Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. “Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elmantaser, Musab Elmabrouk M. “Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Elmantaser MEM. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/.

Council of Science Editors:

Elmantaser MEM. Bone health in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4447/

University of Glasgow

30. Craig, Eva M. Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Glasgow

URL: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/

► The World Health Organization estimates that 22 million children worldwide aged <5 years are overweight and highlights tackling childhood obesity as an urgent priority. Childhood… (more)

▼ The World Health Organization estimates that 22 million children worldwide aged <5 years are overweight and highlights tackling childhood obesity as an urgent priority. Childhood obesity is rising to epidemic proportions in the developing world, reflecting changing physical activity levels and dietary intakes, adding a significant public health burden to countries where undernutrition remains common. Interventions to prevent childhood obesity have had disappointing results, because the science and aetiology of obesity is poorly understood and prevention programmes have not targeted appropriate behaviours nor adequately engaged communities being studied. The origins of obesity appear simple, excess energy intake and/or low energy levels expended on physical activity, leading to chronic energy imbalance. However, the problem is more complex with underlying societal, behavioural and genetic causes of energy imbalance remaining unclear. Obesity is driven by individual, household and community factors: research to date has concentrated on individual factors with almost no significant focus on higher level influences on obesity. Findings from studies in developed countries are unlikely to be applicable to rural African settings where there is an increasing transition from a state of undernutrition to that of overnutrition. Few data exist on the prevalence of child and adolescent obesity from low and middle income countries like South Africa. This thesis aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents (aged 7-15 years) within this population and to identify possible risk factors. Participants and Methods The study was cross-sectional and involved collecting primary data in local schools. A total of 1,519 subjects were recruited from three age groups (approximately 500 from each age group 7, 11 and 15 years). Participants were recruited from school grades 1, 5 and 9 corresponding to the ages 7, 11 and 15 years respectively. The study comprised two parts, a main cross-sectional study and a further study including a sub-sample of the participants. In the main cross-sectional study anthropometric measurements (height, weight, mid-upper arm circumference and body fat) were performed on all the participants and a lifestyle questionnaire administered (questions related to water collection, travel to school, TV watching and sport participation). The study took place in a demographic surveillance area and data collected from participants was linked with their household/community data to allow analysis of variables associated with overweight/overfat status. 150 participants were randomly selected from the main study (50 from each age group 7, 11 and 15 years) and invited to take part in a sub-sample study which included objective measurement of physical activity (7 days accelerometry) and dietary assessment (2 x 24 hour multiple pass recall assessments) on each participant. Main Findings Prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher in girls than boys and was highest in the oldest…

Subjects/Keywords: RJ101 Child Health. Child health services

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Craig, E. M. (2013). Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Glasgow. Retrieved from http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Craig, Eva M. “Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Glasgow. Accessed January 22, 2021. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Craig, Eva M. “Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population.” 2013. Web. 22 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Craig EM. Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 22]. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/.

Council of Science Editors:

Craig EM. Child and adolescent obesity: prevalence and risk factors in a rural South Africa population. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Glasgow; 2013. Available from: http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5176/

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