subject:(calving ease)

University of Edinburgh

1. Eaglen, Sophie. Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Edinburgh

► The consequences of complications during calving are currently costing the UK dairy cattle industry approximately £110 for a calving of moderate difficulty and £400 for… (more)

▼ The consequences of complications during calving are currently costing the UK dairy cattle industry approximately £110 for a calving of moderate difficulty and £400 for one that is severe. With incidences of difficult first calvings reaching 24% and 4% for a moderate and severe difficult calving respectively, reducing calving complications would be of great benefit to the UK dairy cattle industry. This PhD evaluates (i) the importance, (ii) the most optimal way, and (iii) the potential consequences of genetically selecting for two main traits associated with calving complications, calving ease (CE) and stillbirth (SB). For this, approximately 50.000 first parity and 300.000 later parity national calving data records were kindly provided by two major milk recording organisations in the UK. The work carried out shows that detrimental effects following a difficult first calving are long-lasting as subsequent performance of both the dam and the calf involved is worsened. Fertility of the dam is negatively affected by a difficult calving resulting in an increased calving interval and decreased ability to conceive. A reduction in milk production of a veterinary assisted dam, compared to a non-assisted dam, was detected in the first part of lactation. Veterinary assisted born calves showed a significantly lower milk yield, compared to farmer assisted calves, throughout their first lactation as adult heifers suggesting that the physiological effects, or causes underlying a difficult birth, are long lived. The study advises that genetic parameters of calving traits are to be estimated with an extended sire multi-trait model (accuracy vs. practicality). On average, direct and maternal heritabilities for calving traits are low. A highly heritable indicator trait such as gestation length (GL) can aid in the estimation of genetic parameters for CE and SB although genetic correlations of these traits with GL are moderate. A significant negative genetic direct-maternal correlation was found for CE in first parity recommending farmers to consider both direct and maternal genetic merit for CE when making a selection decision. CE and SB are highly positively correlated traits. GL is maternally correlated to SB in first parity and directly to CE in later parities, both correlations are positive. Estimated genetic correlations with other important traits in dairy cattle breeding show that CE and GL are both directly and maternally related to important selection traits which need to be taken into account if implementation into breeding indices occurs. Results advise limiting the use of GL to benefit the prediction of parameters for low heritable calving traits rather than selecting on GL itself. Genetic correlations suggest that individuals born easily are genetically prone to high milk yield and have reduced fertility in first lactation. Difficult calving heifers are likely to be associated with being wide and deep and high producing animals with a reduced ability to subsequently conceive. Individuals that are born relatively early are…

Subjects/Keywords: calving ease; stillbirth; genetic evaluation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Eaglen, S. (2013). Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8074

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eaglen, Sophie. “Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8074.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eaglen, Sophie. “Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom.” 2013. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Eaglen S. Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8074.

Council of Science Editors:

Eaglen S. Genetic evaluation of calving traits in the United Kingdom. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8074

Colorado State University

2. Saad, Hamad M. A. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.

Degree: PhD, Animal Sciences, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document. Advisors/Committee Members: Enns, Mark (advisor), Thomas, Milton (advisor), Peel, Kraig (committee member), Frasier, Marshall (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: American Simmental beef cattle; birth weight; calving ease; model comparison; selection; threshold model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Saad, H. M. A. (2015). Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Saad, Hamad M A. “Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Saad, Hamad M A. “Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle.” 2015. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Saad HMA. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399.

Council of Science Editors:

Saad HMA. Differential response from selection for low birth weight versus high calving ease in beef cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/170399

3. AndrÃ Luiz Garcia Dias. AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros.

Degree: 2010, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina

URL: http://www.tede.udesc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3421

► A raÃa Holandesa predomina nos rebanhos leiteiros do Sul do Brasil, sendo conhecida pela elevada produÃÃo de leite com baixa concentraÃÃo de sÃlidos, reduzida fertilidade… (more)

▼ A raÃa Holandesa predomina nos rebanhos leiteiros do Sul do Brasil, sendo conhecida pela elevada produÃÃo de leite com baixa concentraÃÃo de sÃlidos, reduzida fertilidade e longevidade e elevada proporÃÃo de partos distÃcicos. O cruzamento com outras raÃas leiteiras especializadas, especialmente a raÃa Jersey, vem sendo empregado como uma opÃÃo para reduzir as deficiÃncias da raÃa Holandesa. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a facilidade de parto de vacas da raÃa Holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e o desempenho dos bezerros oriundos destes acasalamentos quanto ao desenvolvimento, status imunolÃgico e prevalÃncia de diarrÃias nos primeiros dias de vida. O estudo foi desenvolvido no Centro de CiÃncias AgroveterinÃrias da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), em Lages â SC. Utilizaram-se 40 vacas e novilhas inseminando-as aleatoriamente com HolandÃs ou Jersey, das quais, obtiveram-se 23 bezerros HolandÃs (11 machos e 12 fÃmeas) e 17 bezerros mestiÃos (7 machos e 10 fÃmeas). Os partos foram observados e uma escala para facilidade de parto entre 1 (fÃcil, sem auxÃlio) e 5 (extrema dificuldade) foi adotada. ApÃs o nascimento, os bezerros foram alojados em bezerreiro com baias individuais e avaliados quanto ao peso, altura Ã cernelha, diÃmetro torÃcico e diÃmetro e comprimento de cabeÃa, sendo estas medidas repedidas semanalmente. AtÃ uma hora apÃs o nascimento, os bezerros receberam 2 litros de colostro e uma segunda dose atÃ 8 horas apÃs. Nos 2 dias seguintes, recebiam 4 litros/dia de leite de transiÃÃo e a partir do 4Â dia passavam a recebem 4 litros/dia de leite integral e alimento concentrado a vontade. No 42Â dia os bezerros eram desaleitados e a dieta passava a ser o concentrado inicial adicionado de 20% de feno. Diariamente a oferta e a sobra de concentrado foram pesadas e o escore fecal avaliado em uma escala de 1 (fezes normais) a 4 (fezes lÃquidas). As coletas de soro sanguÃneo procederam-se logo apÃs o nascimento, com 24h, 15, 30, 42, 49 e 84 dias de idade, para avaliar a imunidade dos bezerros. Partos distÃcicos foram observados somente em bezerros da raÃa Holandesa (17,39%). Os bezerros F1 HolandÃs x Jersey apresentaram menor peso e altura ao nascer (35,2 Kg e 72 cm) em comparaÃÃo aos HolandÃs (42,8 Kg e 76,3 cm), ao desaleitamento e no final do experimento (84 dias de idade), sem diferenÃa em ganho de peso e crescimento em altura (P>0,05). TambÃm nÃo houve diferenÃa entre os grupamentos genÃticos para consumo de concentrado e conversÃo alimentar. Os bezerros F1 apresentam nÃveis mais elevados de proteÃnas totais e imunoglobulinas no soro sanguÃneo com 24h e 15 dias de idade, o que pode ser vii resultado de maior absorÃÃo colostral, indicado por maior concentraÃÃo sÃrica de gama-glutamil trasferase. NÃo foi observada diferenÃa entre os grupamentos genÃticos para escore fecal mÃdio, entretanto os bezerros F1 necessitaram menos tratamentos com antibiÃticos para diarrÃia. Conclui-se que o cruzamento entre HolandÃs e Jersey reduz a distocia em razÃo ao menor tamanho dos bezerros F1 ao… Advisors/Committee Members: AndrÃ Thaler Neto.

Subjects/Keywords: cruzamento entre raÃas; desempenho de bezerros; facilidade de parto; HolandÃs x Jersey; calving ease; performance of calves; MEDICINA VETERINARIA; crossbreeding; Holstein x Jersey

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dias, A. L. G. (2010). AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros. (Thesis). Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Retrieved from http://www.tede.udesc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3421

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dias, AndrÃ Luiz Garcia. “AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros.” 2010. Thesis, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://www.tede.udesc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3421.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dias, AndrÃ Luiz Garcia. “AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros.” 2010. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Dias ALG. AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://www.tede.udesc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3421.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dias ALG. AvaliaÃÃo do parto de vacas da raÃa holandesa inseminadas com HolandÃs ou Jersey e do desenvolvimento, sanidade e concentraÃÃo de imunoglobulinas dos bezerros. [Thesis]. Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina; 2010. Available from: http://www.tede.udesc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=3421

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Cortés Lacruz, Xavier. Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética.

Degree: Departament de Producció Animal, 2017, Universitat de Lleida

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405983

► The Parda de Montaña is a breed cattle breed with a very good maternal ability and strongly adapted to the extreme conditions of mountain systems.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Parda de Montaña; Avaluació genètica; Facilitat part; Pes deslletament; Producció llet; Productivitat; Longevitat; Evaluación genética; Facilidad parto; Producción leche; Genetic evaluation; Calving ease; Weaning weight; Milk yield; Productivity; Longevity; Producció Animal; 636

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cortés Lacruz, X. (2017). Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética. (Thesis). Universitat de Lleida. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405983

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cortés Lacruz, Xavier. “Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética.” 2017. Thesis, Universitat de Lleida. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405983.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cortés Lacruz, Xavier. “Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética.” 2017. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Cortés Lacruz X. Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universitat de Lleida; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405983.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cortés Lacruz X. Análisis de los principales factores que afectan a la productividad en la raza Parda de Montaña: nuevas propuestas para el esquema de mejora genética. [Thesis]. Universitat de Lleida; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405983

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

5. Eriksson, Susanne. Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle.

Degree: 2003, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

URL: http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/359/

► The aim of this thesis was to learn more about the genetic background of calving, growth and carcass traits of beef cattle breeds in Sweden,… (more)

▼ The aim of this thesis was to learn more about the genetic background of calving, growth and carcass traits of beef cattle breeds in Sweden, and to assess the possibility of including calving traits and commercial carcass traits in the genetic evaluation. In addition, the genetic relationship between field-recorded growth rate and daily weight gain at station performance testing was investigated. The breeds studied were Charolais, Hereford and Simmental. Records of birth weight, pre-weaning gain, post-weaning gain, carcass fleshiness grade, carcass fatness grade, carcass weight, calving difficulty score and stillbirth were analysed using linear animal models. The estimated direct heritabilities were moderate to high for birth and carcass weight, moderate for pre- and post-weaning gain, carcass fleshiness and fatness grades, low for calving difficulty score and very low for stillbirth. Maternal heritabilities tended to be lower than the direct ones. Genetic relationships between direct and maternal genetic effects were generally antagonistic. Moderate to high genetic correlations were estimated between post-weaning gain in the field and at the station, showing considerable breed differences, and the added value of station testing was questioned. Genetic relationships were generally weaker between growth traits and both carcass fleshiness and fatness grade than between growth and carcass weight. Male and female birth weights were found to be the same trait genetically, and strong genetic relationships were estimated between birth weight and calving traits. Less than unity genetic correlations between calving difficulty at first and later parities indicated that partly different sets of genes control these traits. Some antagonistic relationships were found between carcass and calving traits. It was concluded that it would be feasible to include commercial carcass records and calving difficulty score in the genetic evaluation, and that both direct and maternal effects should be considered for pre-weaning traits. Information on correlated traits should be used for selection against stillbirth as direct selection would be inefficient due to small progeny group size and very low heritability. Joint genetic evaluation of pre-weaning gain and carcass weight was recommended to reduce selection bias.

Subjects/Keywords: beef cattle; parturition; carcass composition; dystocia; herds; genetic inheritance; growth rate; weight gain; breeds (animals); beef characteristics; calving ease; carcass grade; dystocia; herd-year correlations; permanent environmental effects; residual correlations; sex-specific genetic parameters; weight gain

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Eriksson, S. (2003). Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle. (Doctoral Dissertation). Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved from http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/359/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eriksson, Susanne. “Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle.” 2003. Doctoral Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/359/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eriksson, Susanne. “Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle.” 2003. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Eriksson S. Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2003. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/359/.

Council of Science Editors:

Eriksson S. Genetic aspects of calving, growth, and carcass traits in beef cattle. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2003. Available from: http://pub.epsilon.slu.se/359/

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