subject:(broilers)

1. Klein, Joseph Thomas. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.

Degree: 2013, Texas Digital Library

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969; http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/66636

► Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and ??-mannanase, separately and in combination, in reduced energy diets on broiler growth… (more)

▼ Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and ??-mannanase, separately and in combination, in reduced energy diets on broiler growth performance and processing yield. Each experiment contained a positive control (PC), negative control (NC) diet (-132 kcal/kg AME), and the inclusion of enzymes in the NC to evaluate enzyme effectiveness. The reduction in energy negatively impacted performance and processing parameters in all experiments. The inclusion of NSPase negated the negative effects of energy reduction in experiment 1. Experiment 2 evaluated increased pelleting temperature on NSPase activity. Body weight (BW) was increased (P<0.05) with the inclusion of NSPase pelleted at 80, 85, and 90 C throughout the experiment compared to NC; however, the treatment pelleted at 80 C outperformed the other NSPase pelleted treatments. The inclusion of NSPase pelleted at 80 C reduced (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the NC throughout the experiment. At the conclusion of the trial, NSPase inclusion pelleted at 85 and 90 C yielded FCR similar to PC. The experimental design of experiment 3 and 4 included five dietary treatments including a PC, NC, NC supplemented with ??-mannanase, NSPase, and ??-mannanase/NSPase. Performance parameters were evaluated on d 14, 28, 42, and 47 and a subset of broilers were processed on day 48. Increases (P<0.05) in BW were observed with the inclusion of NSPase and ??-mannanase/ NSPase on day 14 and with all treatment groups on day 28. An additive effect was observed with reduced FCR through day 28 with the combination of ??-mannanase/ NSPase. In experiment 4, performance was evaluated on days 14, 27, 35, and 41 and carcass yields determined on day 42. Increases in day 14 BW were observed with the inclusion of the NSPase alone and ??-mannanase/NSPase to reach a similar weight as the PC. Inclusion of ??-mannanase/NSPase increased (P<0.05) BW compared to the NC. Inclusion of the NSPase reduced (P<0.05) cumulative FCR through 41 days of age. Inclusion of ??-mannanase/NSPase resulted in reduced (P<0.05) FCR in the finisher phase and cumulatively throughout the trial to levels of the PC. The combination of ??-mannanase/NSPase did increase (P<0.05) WOG weight similar to observations in BW. These data confirm that enzyme supplementation in low energy diets improve performance and indicate that additive effects of a combination of enzymes could potentially be a cost saving strategy for producers. Advisors/Committee Members: Lee, Jason T (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: broilers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klein, J. T. (2013). Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. (Thesis). Texas Digital Library. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969; http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/66636

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klein, Joseph Thomas. “Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.” 2013. Thesis, Texas Digital Library. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969; http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/66636.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klein, Joseph Thomas. “Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.” 2013. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Klein JT. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. [Internet] [Thesis]. Texas Digital Library; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969; http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/66636.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Klein JT. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. [Thesis]. Texas Digital Library; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969; http://hdl.handle.net/2249.1/66636

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

2. Lee, Mallori Williams. Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization.

Degree: PhD, Poultry Science, 2019, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/183858

► The objective of this research was to quantify improvements in nutrient digestibility and performance using multiple exogenous enzymes which target different substrates in diets varying… (more)

▼ The objective of this research was to quantify improvements in nutrient digestibility and performance using multiple exogenous enzymes which target different substrates in diets varying in nutrient density. Experiment one consisted of three control diets varying in dietary energy with the supplementation of xylanase at two inclusion rates. Reducing the dietary energy level negatively influenced feed conversion ratio (FCR) and decreased the fat pad weight of broilers in the reduced energy diet compared to the positive control. The inclusion of xylanase reduced FCR throughout the trial compared to the control. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of xylanase inclusion in reduced energy diets to improve FCR of broilers. Experiment two evaluated the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and β-mannanase, separately or intermittently, on broiler growth performance and processing. Broiler performance was improved with the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and β-mannanase throughout the experiment. When evaluating weight gain from d 22 to 47, the intermittent application of cocktail NSPase and β-mannanase improved weight gain compared to the positive control diet. The results of this experiment confirm the ability of exogenous enzymes to improve the nutritive worth of feed ingredients by enzymatic degradation. Experiment three determined the impact of corn source on broiler performance and nutrient digestibility with or without the inclusion of xylanase. The variability of nutrient profile between corn sources influenced body weight, FCR, and nutrient digestibility throughout the trial. Xylanase inclusion improved FCR in the finisher phase suggesting that the length of time feeding enzymes may be impactful to the final outcome of performance. The results of this experiment indicate the importance of rapid and accurate evaluation of corn nutrient content to maximize observed growth performance. Experiment four evaluated the effects of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) level in a diet containing super-dose (> 3X dose) levels of phytase on male broiler performance and breast meat yield. Calcium and P level influenced broiler performance, tibia ash percent, fecal mineral content, and litter mineral content. These data illustrate the importance of utilizing the correct Ca and P matrix value in diets containing phytase. This research program outlines the importance of adequate understanding of nutritional value of raw ingredients for accurate formulation when utilizing exogenous enzymes. Advisors/Committee Members: Coufal, Craig (advisor), Archer, Gregory (committee member), Bailey, Christopher (committee member), Wickersham, Tryon (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: enzymes; broilers

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, M. W. (2019). Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/183858

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Mallori Williams. “Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/183858.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Mallori Williams. “Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization.” 2019. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee MW. Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/183858.

Council of Science Editors:

Lee MW. Evaluation of Nutritional Strategies Focused on Exogenous Enzymes Aimed at Maximizing Broiler Performance and Nutrient Utilization. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/183858

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

3. Gautier, Alyson Elaine. Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens.

Degree: MS, Animal Sciences, 2016, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92970

► Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the interrelationships among Ca, non-phytate phosphorus (NPP), and phytase supplementation in diets fed to broiler chickens. Experiment 1 was… (more)

▼ Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the interrelationships among Ca, non-phytate phosphorus (NPP), and phytase supplementation in diets fed to broiler chickens. Experiment 1 was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary Ca concentrations by evaluating growth performance, tibia measurements, and apparent retention of broiler chicks. Dietary treatments consisted of 7 concentrations of Ca (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, or 1.6% of the diet) and NPP concentrations were maintained at 0.3%. Growth performance and bone ash of broilers fed 0.6% Ca were improved compared with those fed higher Ca concentrations. Tibia ash and tibia break force were reduced in birds fed Ca inclusions above 0.6%. Tibia reference force indentation measurements exhibited quadratic responses as the Ca inclusion increased from 0.4 to 1.6%. Dietary treatment effects were observed for apparent retention of P and Ca, which decreased linearly or quadratically with increasing Ca concentrations. Experiment 2 evaluated effects of dietary Ca and NPP combinations to create distinct Ca-to-NPP ratios on growth performance, tibia measurements, and apparent nutrient retention in broiler chicks. Dietary treatments contained 3 concentrations of Ca (0.4, 1.0, or 1.6% of the diet) with NPP concentrations either constant at 0.45% or adjusted to maintain a Ca-to-NPP ratio of 2:1 (6 treatments total). No growth performance outcomes were influenced by either Ca concentration or the Ca-to-NPP ratio. Maintaining a constant 2:1 Ca-to-NPP ratio, tibia break force and ash improved as Ca and NPP concentrations increased. Moreover, apparent retention of Ca decreased with increasing Ca concentration and apparent retention of P reduced as the concentrations of Ca and NPP increased. In Experiment 3, the effects of supplementing exogenous phytase in diets of varying Ca and NPP concentrations on growth performance, tibia and organ P concentrations, and apparent nutrient digestibility and retention were evaluated in broiler chicks. Chicks received 1 of 6 dietary treatments that consisted of [control diet with 1.0% Ca and 0.5% NPP; mineral matrix 1 with reductions of 0.15% NPP and 0.16% Ca compared with control; and mineral matrix 2 with reductions of 0.21% NPP and 0.23% Ca compared with control] and phytase supplementation (0 or 1,500 FTU/kg). Phytase supplementation increased BW gain, however, feed efficiency was not influenced by mineral matrix, phytase addition, or their interaction. Feed intake was quadratically influenced by the mineral matrix, but there was no effect of phytase or their interaction. The impact of phytase on tibia ash varied among the dietary mineral matrices, and tibia P content was highest in the control dietary treatment. In contrast to tibia P, concentrations of P in muscle, liver, and spleen were not influenced by dietary treatment. Various interactions among mineral matrix and phytase supplementation were observed for apparent ileal nutrient digestibility and apparent retention values. Overall, results of this research demonstrates that Ca… Advisors/Committee Members: Dilger, Ryan N (advisor), Stein, Hans H (committee member), Parsons, Carl M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers; growth; digestibililty

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gautier, A. E. (2016). Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92970

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gautier, Alyson Elaine. “Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens.” 2016. Thesis, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92970.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gautier, Alyson Elaine. “Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens.” 2016. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gautier AE. Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92970.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gautier AE. Effects of dietary calcium to non-phytate phosphorus ratio and phytase supplementation on growth performance, digestibility, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/92970

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Missouri – Columbia

4. Hosotani, Guilherme. Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers.

Degree: 2017, University of Missouri – Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/62306

► Four 21-d experiments were conducted to compare soybean meal (SBM) from high oleic to parent soybean cultivars on growth performance, energy and ileal AA (IAA).… (more)

▼ Four 21-d experiments were conducted to compare soybean meal (SBM) from high oleic to parent soybean cultivars on growth performance, energy and ileal AA (IAA). Soybean meal was prepared by laboratory-scale mechanical extraction. Two replicate chick assays (Exp. 1 and 2) with similar treatments were conducted to evaluate the growth efficiency. In Exp. 1 and 2, 50 d-old male broilers (Ross 308) were randomly placed in battery cages and allocated to 2 dietary treatments with 5 replicates and 5 birds per replicate. The SBM sources consisted of cold-pressed conventional SBM (CON) and cold-pressed high oleic SBM (HO). All SBM sources were heated in a forced-air oven at 120 degrees C for 20 min. Diets were formulated to meet or exceed NRC (1994) and Aviagen nutrient requirements for Ross 308 in Exp. 1 and 2, respectively. Broilers were weighed and feed disappearance measured on d 7, 14, and 21 in Exp. 1, and on d 10 and 21 on Exp. 2. Two assays (Exp. 3 and 4) were conducted to determine IAA digestibility and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) in Exp. 3 or ileal digestible 24 energy (IDE) in Exp. 4. In Exp. 3 and 4, 100 d-old broilers randomly allotted to 2 dietary treatments with 10 replicates and 5 birds per replicate. Chicks were fed a corn-SBM based diet for 17 d, and a diet was developed by substituting the soybean cultivars in a corn starch-dextrose basal diet and fed from d 18 to 21. A nitrogen-free diet was fed to determine ileal endogenous AA losses. Titanium dioxide (0.5 percent) was included in all diets as a digesta flow marker. Excreta and ileal samples were collected on d 21. Statistical analyses were performed as a completely randomized design using PROC GLM of SAS with significance level set at P less than or equal to 0.05. In Exp. 1, chicks fed diets containing HO had decreased ADG (P less than 0.05; 25.3 vs. 29.4 g) and increased feed:gain ratio (P less than 0.05) from d 0 to 14 (1.71 vs. 1.56) and d 0 to 21 (1.54 vs. 1.47), compared with chicks fed CON diet. In Exp. 2, chicks fed HO had lower BW at d 10 (P = 0.028; 143 vs. 153 g), lower ADG from d 0 to 10 (P = 0.030; 10.90 vs. 11.90 g), and greater feed:gain ratio from d 0 to 10 (P = 0.043; 1.55 vs. 1.45) compared with chicks fed CON diet. In Exp. 3, AA digestibility did not differ among all essential AA. There were no differences in AME (kcal per kg) from SBM between CON and HO, with values of 2,921 and 2,901 (P = 0.73), respectively. In Exp. 4, the digestibility of glutamic acid (P = 0.026; 94.4 vs. 95.2 percent) and arginine (P = 0.008; 94.4 vs 95.4 percent) from HO were lower than CON; however, the IDE of CON and HO were similar (3,419 and 3,343 kcal/kg; P = 0.08), respectively. In conclusion, although there were no differences in nutrient digestibility, in conditions of this study, broilers fed HO had impaired growth performance, mainly from 1 to 14 d of age. Advisors/Committee Members: Shannon, Marcia (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens) – Feeding and feeds; Broilers (Chickens) – Growth; Broilers (Chickens) – Nutrition

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hosotani, G. (2017). Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10355/62306

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hosotani, Guilherme. “Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers.” 2017. Thesis, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/62306.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hosotani, Guilherme. “Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers.” 2017. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hosotani G. Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/62306.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hosotani G. Evaluation of heat-processed sorghum, high-oleic and low-trypsin inhibitor soybean cultivars as alternatives for corn and conventional soybeans for broilers. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/62306

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Stellenbosch University

5. Kirstein, Mark Ben. The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production.

Degree: MScAgric, Animal Sciences, 2017, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102640

► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the broiler industry, it has become common practice to supplement diets with feed grade phosphates and in doing so provide sufficient available… (more)

▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In the broiler industry, it has become common practice to supplement diets with feed grade phosphates and in doing so provide sufficient available phosphorus to meet the birds’ requirements. Supplemented phosphates provide a large portion of the total available phosphorus within the diet and any small differences in the availability could have significant effects on whether or not the bird meets its nutritional requirements for phosphorus. If the bird’s phosphorus requirements are not met, the implications are detrimental, not only to the bird but also to the farmers’ flock productivity. Two experiments were conducted; the objectives of the first experiment were to assess the phosphorus bioavailability and nutrient and mineral coefficient of total tract digestibility (CTTD) of a feed grade inorganic phosphate source, defluorinated phosphoric acid by means of a digestibility study. Five treatments were used in this trial. Two diets made the basis of the treatments, a summit diet, only supplemented with mono-dicalcium phosphate (MDCP), and a dilution diet, only supplemented with phosphoric acid. These were mixed in ratios of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75: and 0:100 respectively. The second experiment assessed the effect of supplementing broiler diets with either defluorinated phosphoric acid or defluorinated and desulfonated phosphoric acid. The control diet used was supplemented with MDCP. The phosphoric acids were included in the diets at two inclusion levels, based on dietary total phosphorus levels and available phosphorus levels. Furthermore, during the mixing of the diets, the phosphoric acids were either added to the diets’ grain component (maize, soybean 46 and full fat soya meal) before any of the remaining macro minerals were added or added to the diet last after all the other ingredients had been sufficiently incorporated. These treatment differences resulted in eight test dietary treatments. The objectives for this experiment were threefold: (i) to evaluate the effects of the dietary treatments on production parameters; (ii) to determine the influence of the dietary treatments on carcass characteristics and meat quality and (iii) to investigate the effect of the dietary treatments on broiler organ weights, intestinal pH and bone parameters. The phosphorus bioavailability of the phosphoric acid (PA) showed to be greatest and revealed high digestibility values of all nutrients and minerals. For the second experiment, both PAs resulted in ideal measurements of the production parameters (live weight, cumulative weight gain, cumulative intake, feed conversion ratio, average daily gain, European production efficiency factor and protein efficiency ratio) regardless of when the PA was added to the diet during mixing. However, when acid inclusion levels were based on the diet’s total phosphorus, these values decreased significantly irrespective of the method of mixing. Liveability was also affected by treatment differences, as a result of sodium poisoning in the control diet on day 14 for… Advisors/Committee Members: Pieterse, Elsje, Hoffman, L. C., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Agrisciences. Dept. of Animal Sciences..

Subjects/Keywords: Phosphoric acid as feed; Broilers (Chickens) – Productivity; Broilers (Chickens) – Nutrition; Broilers (Chickens) – Feeds; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kirstein, M. B. (2017). The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production. (Masters Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102640

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kirstein, Mark Ben. “The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102640.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kirstein, Mark Ben. “The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production.” 2017. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Kirstein MB. The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102640.

Council of Science Editors:

Kirstein MB. The use of phosphoric acid as an alternative phosphorus source in broiler chicken production. [Masters Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/102640

Oregon State University

6. Carman, Hoy Fred, 1938-. Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon.

Degree: MS, Agricultural Economics, 1961, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20197

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Carman, Hoy Fred, 1. (1961). Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20197

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carman, Hoy Fred, 1938-. “Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon.” 1961. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20197.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carman, Hoy Fred, 1938-. “Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon.” 1961. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Carman, Hoy Fred 1. Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1961. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20197.

Council of Science Editors:

Carman, Hoy Fred 1. Consumer preferences, attitudes, buying practices, and consumption patterns for broilers in Oregon. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1961. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/20197

University of Pretoria

7. [No author]. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium .

Degree: 2011, University of Pretoria

URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06282011-104214/

► Salmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases throughout the world and poultry represents an important source of infection in humans. Chickens may… (more)

▼ Salmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases throughout the world and poultry represents an important source of infection in humans. Chickens may become infected during incubation, in the brooding houses, through various vectors, such as feed and rodents or during slaughtering and processing. The use of antibiotics have been reduced and even banned in some countries, due to the risk of bacterial populations developing resistance against the antibiotics. This lead to the exploration of alternative products for antibiotics as growth promoters, which include prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids, essential oils, plant extracts and many more. These products may improve animal health, productivity and microbial food safety in a natural way. A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of the dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic to improve the health and performance of broilers, which were challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. 1800 chicks (900 chicks exposed to Salmonella and 900 chicks not exposed) were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were: 1) No feed additives added, 2) A prebiotic (fructooligosaccharide) added to the feed, 3) Probiotic type 1 (Spore-forming bacteria) added to the feed, 4) Probiotic type 1 combined with the prebiotic added to the feed, 5) Probiotic type 2 (Lactobacillus spp.) added to the feed, 6) Probiotic type 2 combined with the prebiotic added to the feed. The feed intake, average daily gain and body weight of the control (nonchallenged) birds were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the Salmonella (challenged) birds. The Probiotic type 2 combined with the prebiotic improved the feed intake of the non-challenged birds compared to the non-challenged birds that received no supplementation or only a prebiotic. The challenged and non-challenged birds that did not receive any supplementation had lower body weights and average daily gains compared to the birds that received supplementation. The feed conversion ratio showed significant differences among the treatments (P<0.003) and between the control and Salmonella birds (P<0.05). The non-challenged birds fed the Probiotic type 2 combined with a prebiotic and the challenged birds fed only the prebiotic, displayed a decrease in liver weight, compared to the other treatments. However, the duodenum, jejunum and caeca weights of the broilers were significantly (P<0.05) enlarged shortly after Salmonella exposure through the inclusion of Probiotic type 1 and the two combination treatments in the diet. No significant differences were observed in the ileal weights after Salmonella exposure or after dietary supplementation. The total serum protein and the aspartate amino transferase (AST) levels showed no significant differences between the groups and treatments. However, the albumin levels of the challenged birds were significantly lower (P<0.05) than the non-challenged birds. The globulin levels were higher for the challenged birds that did not receive any… Advisors/Committee Members: Dr C Jansen van Rensburg (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella typhimurium; Broilers; Probiotics; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2011). Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium . (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06282011-104214/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium .” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06282011-104214/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium .” 2011. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

author] [. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06282011-104214/.

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium . [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06282011-104214/

University of Pretoria

8. Du Toit, Natasha. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.

Degree: Animal and Wildlife Sciences, 2011, University of Pretoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25920

► Salmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases throughout the world and poultry represents an important source of infection in humans. Chickens may… (more)

▼ Salmonellosis is one of the most important foodborne zoonotic diseases throughout the world and poultry represents an important source of infection in humans. Chickens may become infected during incubation, in the brooding houses, through various vectors, such as feed and rodents or during slaughtering and processing. The use of antibiotics have been reduced and even banned in some countries, due to the risk of bacterial populations developing resistance against the antibiotics. This lead to the exploration of alternative products for antibiotics as growth promoters, which include prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids, essential oils, plant extracts and many more. These products may improve animal health, productivity and microbial food safety in a natural way. A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of the dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic to improve the health and performance of broilers, which were challenged with Salmonella typhimurium. 1800 chicks (900 chicks exposed to Salmonella and 900 chicks not exposed) were randomly assigned to 6 dietary treatments for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were: 1) No feed additives added, 2) A prebiotic (fructooligosaccharide) added to the feed, 3) Probiotic type 1 (Spore-forming bacteria) added to the feed, 4) Probiotic type 1 combined with the prebiotic added to the feed, 5) Probiotic type 2 (Lactobacillus spp.) added to the feed, 6) Probiotic type 2 combined with the prebiotic added to the feed. The feed intake, average daily gain and body weight of the control (nonchallenged) birds were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the Salmonella (challenged) birds. The Probiotic type 2 combined with the prebiotic improved the feed intake of the non-challenged birds compared to the non-challenged birds that received no supplementation or only a prebiotic. The challenged and non-challenged birds that did not receive any supplementation had lower body weights and average daily gains compared to the birds that received supplementation. The feed conversion ratio showed significant differences among the treatments (P<0.003) and between the control and Salmonella birds (P<0.05). The non-challenged birds fed the Probiotic type 2 combined with a prebiotic and the challenged birds fed only the prebiotic, displayed a decrease in liver weight, compared to the other treatments. However, the duodenum, jejunum and caeca weights of the broilers were significantly (P<0.05) enlarged shortly after Salmonella exposure through the inclusion of Probiotic type 1 and the two combination treatments in the diet. No significant differences were observed in the ileal weights after Salmonella exposure or after dietary supplementation. The total serum protein and the aspartate amino transferase (AST) levels showed no significant differences between the groups and treatments. However, the albumin levels of the challenged birds were significantly lower (P<0.05) than the non-challenged birds. The globulin levels were higher for the challenged birds that did not receive any… Advisors/Committee Members: Dr C Jansen van Rensburg (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella typhimurium; Broilers; Probiotics; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Du Toit, N. (2011). Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25920

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Du Toit, Natasha. “Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25920.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Du Toit, Natasha. “Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium.” 2011. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Du Toit N. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25920.

Council of Science Editors:

Du Toit N. Dietary inclusion of probiotics and a prebiotic improved the health and performance of broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25920

Oregon State University

9. Bland, Mark. Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 1983, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42038

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bland, M. (1983). Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42038

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bland, Mark. “Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment.” 1983. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42038.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bland, Mark. “Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment.” 1983. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Bland M. Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1983. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42038.

Council of Science Editors:

Bland M. Effects of Mount St. Helens' ash on broiler chicken respiratory and digestive tracts, growth, feed efficiency and poultry house environment. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1983. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42038

Oregon State University

10. Feltmann, Allen John. Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 1980, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42927

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feltmann, A. J. (1980). Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42927

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feltmann, Allen John. “Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization.” 1980. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42927.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feltmann, Allen John. “Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization.” 1980. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Feltmann AJ. Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1980. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42927.

Council of Science Editors:

Feltmann AJ. Intermittent light in conventional and light-tight floor pen houses on broiler performance and nutrient utilization. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1980. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42927

Oregon State University

11. Fuquay, Janice Irene. Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 1979, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42911

► Semen characteristics and egg production of male and female commercial broiler breeders maintained in cages or on litter floors were evaluated over a 24-week period.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fuquay, J. I. (1979). Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42911

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fuquay, Janice Irene. “Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age.” 1979. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42911.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fuquay, Janice Irene. “Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age.” 1979. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Fuquay JI. Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1979. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42911.

Council of Science Editors:

Fuquay JI. Reproductive performance of broiler breeders maintained in cages or on floors through 59 weeks of age. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1979. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/42911

Oregon State University

12. Hakimi, Ali Y. Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels.

Degree: PhD, Animal Science, 1992, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35826

► Today's consumers have shown a greater concern in the relationship between dietary fat and human health. The demand for leaner meat is continuously on the… (more)

▼ Today's consumers have shown a greater concern in the relationship between dietary fat and human health. The demand for leaner meat is continuously on the rise. The reduction of fat deposits in the abdominal area of ready-to-cook fryers, considered a waste product in the poultry industry, has become a major opportunity for the researcher. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the merit of managerial practices affecting abdominal fat (AF) levels in broiler chickens. Factors studied included seasons of the year, source of the commercial broiler strain crosses, stocking densities, lighting systems, types of housing, dietary salt (NaCl) 1eve1s and feed restriction. Two housing types (open-sided and windowless) and different seasons were utilized to evaluate the influence on broiler performance and AF levels. Raising broilers from the same strain cross in an open-sided building did not affect performance and AF levels. Mean body weight (BW) were highest in fall season (1929 g ) and lowest in summer (1735 g) (p<.05) while highest and lowest % AF revels were observed in spring and winter (2.34, and 1.42 respectively). The comparative effect of feeding regime, (full feed, FF), 95 and 90% FF), dietary salt 1evels (0, 0.25, and 0.5% of the finisher diet), stocking densities (0.06, 0.07, and 0.09 m² of floor space per bird) and type of housing (battery cages and litter pens) were examined on broiler performance and AF lever. Ninety % FF resulted in significantly lower body weights and AF levers compared to ad libitum feeding. At 49 days of age, mean BW of broilers fed 0.5% salt were higher (P<.05) than the group not provided with salt. Altering stocking densities and rearing in battery cages failed to show any significant improvements performance and % AF. Lighting regime 12 h light (L): 12 h dark (D), recycled during the rearing period resulted in lower (p<.05) mean BW than continuous lighting regime (CL) when applied from 5 days of age. Broilers raised on 16L:8D after 21 days had comparable performance to CL. Lighting regime of 12L:12D, recycled in combination with increasing stocking densities from 0. 06 to 0.8 m² floor space/broiler and intermittent righting of lL:3D in combination with the addition of 0.5% salt to the diet resulted in improved (P<.05) BW with no corresponding increases in AF levels. Factors such as season of the year, feeding of salt, and manipulation of light (up to 8 h dark) can be used as tools in reducing % AF and overall production costs. Advisors/Committee Members: Nakaue, Harry S. (advisor), Arscott, G. H. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hakimi, A. Y. (1992). Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35826

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hakimi, Ali Y. “Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels.” 1992. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35826.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hakimi, Ali Y. “Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels.” 1992. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hakimi AY. Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1992. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35826.

Council of Science Editors:

Hakimi AY. Studies of managerial variables on broiler performance and abdominal fat levels. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35826

13. Nembilwi, Daniel. Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province.

Degree: Faculty of Science, 2002, Port Elizabeth Technikon

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/92

► Introduction: In the Northern region of the Northern Province, there is an increase in the number of small-scale and semi-commercial farms in all sectors of… (more)

▼ Introduction: In the Northern region of the Northern Province, there is an increase in the number of small-scale and semi-commercial farms in all sectors of agriculture. This includes the production of grains, vegetables, fruits and livestock. Broiler production seemed to be a much-preferred alternative of development in community based projects and emerging farmers have shown keen interest. This is because broiler production requires less space than ruminants and is ready for human consumption within a very short period of time. Poultry production provides a constant source of income and protein with a big customer demand. By the year 2000, broiler production is expected to reach 4000 million and 7.5 million tons of poultry feeds in the world. Many countries have initiated programs aimed at improving small-scale poultry as a means of helping to bring socio- economic benefits to rural communities (Panda, 1989). In order to feed the ever rising population of 4.9 million in the Northern Province (1996 Census), there must be an increase in the production of broilers as a primary source of top quality animal protein. With the high unemployment rate (46%) in the Northern Province, self- employment projects are needed which comply with agro- processing. More than 90 community projects based on poultry production in the Northern region of the Northern Province had been established in order to reduce the high rate of unemployment. Today more people have engaged themselves in community projects especially in poultry production than ever before. Some of the constrains of broiler production at both small-scale and semi-commercial farming condition includes inadequate ventilation system. Lack of suitable health care facilities and frequently the absence of efficient marketing structures form part of the obstacles to the rapid development of poultry production. Feed costs which remain the highest input cost in the production of broilers represent between 60 to 70% or more of the total costs of broiler productions (Benyi and Habi, 1998). Lack of management skills and training for small and semi-commercial farmers makes it difficult to obtain optimum performance. The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of broilers as influenced by environmental factors under small.

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nembilwi, D. (2002). Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province. (Thesis). Port Elizabeth Technikon. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/92

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nembilwi, Daniel. “Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province.” 2002. Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/92.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nembilwi, Daniel. “Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province.” 2002. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nembilwi D. Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province. [Internet] [Thesis]. Port Elizabeth Technikon; 2002. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/92.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nembilwi D. Evaluation of broiler performance under small-scale and semi-commercial farming conditions in the Northern Province. [Thesis]. Port Elizabeth Technikon; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/92

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Prince, Siliga Hulisani. Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition.

Degree: Faculty of Science, 2002, Port Elizabeth Technikon

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/110

► Introduction : World poultry meat consumption consists of three major segments: broilers, turkeys, and other poultry which includes spent egg layers, spent breeder hens/males, ducks,… (more)

▼ Introduction : World poultry meat consumption consists of three major segments: broilers, turkeys, and other poultry which includes spent egg layers, spent breeder hens/males, ducks, geese, guinea-fowl, pheasants, quail, ratites, ostriches and emus. Broilers clearly dominate the world poultry consumption contributing about 70 percent to the world poultry market. Turkeys account for about eight percent while other poultry provides the balance of 22 percent (Roenick, 1998). The world broiler industry has been, and continues to be a very dynamic industry. It has been typified with unprecedented growth in terms of production. In 1961, the world produced 6.5 billion broilers. By 1990, the total annual production was a little over 27 billion broilers and by 1996, total world production had grown to 35.3 billion (Van der Sluis., 1999). This represents a fivefold increase in 35 years, and it has not stopped growing since, with world production surpassed 38 billion in 1998 (Van der Sluis., 1999). In Africa the human population was estimated to be 819.9 million, while the total poultry population of the continent was estimated as 1.133 million chickens, 15 million ducks and seven million turkeys in 1998. Production scale being 1.781701 metric tones (MT) of hen eggs, 2.269000 MT of chickens’ meat, 32.824MT of turkey meat and 52.989MT of duck meat (Gueye, 2000). Commercial poultry products are also imported and exported. For example, 12.000 metric tons of poultry meat was estimated to have been exported from South Africa in 1999, whereas 87.000 and 10.000 metric tons of poultry meat was imported into South Africa and Egypt, respectively (Gueye, 2000). In South Africa poultry production is moving toward the 21st century with the potential for increased development being greater than any other sector of the agricultural industry. The small-scale to medium-scale or semi-commercial farmer is becoming a role-player that needs to be serviced by the poultry industry (Fourie, 2000). The industry will have to take up the challenges that are facing an entrepreneur starting with a poultry venture. The poultry industry has developed from a humble beginning at the turn of the century into a multi-million Rand enterprise where protein is provided through the commercial and small marketing sector (Fourie, 2000). Some of the larger commercial companies market three million birds per week. It is estimated that the commercial company sector is responsible for 75 to 85 percent of production and marketing of white meat in this country whereas the small-scale and medium-scale or semi commercial poultry production enterprises provide 20 to 25 percent of the white meat through the sales of slaughtered and live poultry sale to rural, peri-urban and urban settlements (Fourie., 2000). Small-scale and semi-commercial broiler production is developed by entrepreneurs who buy day-old chicks from the big commercial hatcheries, rear them to the age of five to eight weeks and sell them through a marketing network or small outlets. The small-scale consist of…

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Prince, S. H. (2002). Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition. (Thesis). Port Elizabeth Technikon. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/110

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Prince, Siliga Hulisani. “Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition.” 2002. Thesis, Port Elizabeth Technikon. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/110.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Prince, Siliga Hulisani. “Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition.” 2002. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Prince SH. Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition. [Internet] [Thesis]. Port Elizabeth Technikon; 2002. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/110.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Prince SH. Modelling the broiler performance under small-scales and semi commercial management condition. [Thesis]. Port Elizabeth Technikon; 2002. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/110

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

15. Head, Brian A. Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids.

Degree: MS, Animal Science, 2016, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59585

► In broiler chickens, hepatic lipid metabolism plays a significant role in whole body and muscle fatty acid (FA) incorporation. Flax seed is a rich source… (more)

▼ In broiler chickens, hepatic lipid metabolism plays a significant role in whole body and muscle fatty acid (FA) incorporation. Flax seed is a rich source of α-linolenic acid and can be used to increase n-3 FA in poultry meat. Previous studies have shown that flax seed in combination with carbohydrase enzymes in broiler diets enhances long chain (LC) n-3 FA in hepatic tissue. Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of flax seed and carbohydrase enzyme addition on production performance, total tract lipid digestibility, hepatic fatty acid composition, liver lipid class distribution and lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. In Experiment 1, broiler chicks were placed in individual cages and fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous corn-soy diets: Control, Flax (10% flax), and Flax+E (Flax+0.05% enzyme). The diets were fed for a period of 42 days. Total tract digestibility of lipids and FA were assessed from day 19 to 21 of growth. There was no effect of diet on production performance characteristics, including final body weight (BW) or yield of cut-up parts. Flax-based diets reduced total tract lipid digestibility (p<0.001), increased excreta dry matter and total lipids compared to Control (p<0.05). Addition of enzyme led to an increase in digestibility of n-3 FA when compared to Flax (p<0.001). Total lipids in the liver tissue was higher in Flax-fed birds (p=0.044). Liver tissue of Flax and Flax+E were enriched with n-3 FA along with a reduction in n-6 FA (p<0.05) compared to Control. Hepatic tissue of Flax+E exhibited higher monounsaturated FA compared to Flax and Control (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, tissue (heart, cardiac) was collected from broiler chicks raised in floor pens and fed isocaloric, isonitrogenous corn-soy diets: Control, Flax (15% flax), and Flax+E (Flax+0.05% enzyme). The diets were fed for a period of 35 days. Hepatic and cardiac tissue lipids were subjected to triglyceride (TAG) analysis. Lipid classes (TAG; phosphatidylcholine, PC; phosphatidylethanolamine, PE) from hepatic crude lipid extract were separated and subjected to FA analysis. TAG was lowest in hepatic tissue of Flax and Flax+E compared to Control (p=0.001). Flax+E TAG was observed to incorporate significantly lower total saturated FA and increased monounsaturated FA compared to Control. Total n-3 FA were greater in all lipid classes in Flax+E compared to both Flax and Control (p<0.05). A 3-fold and 2-fold increases in LC n-3 FA was observed in PE and PC, respectively of Flax+E compared to Control. In Experiment 3, liver tissue collected from Experiment 1 were subjected to lipid metabolism related gene expression studies. Expression of peroxisomal acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), acyl-CoA synthase long-chain family member 1 (ACSL1), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 A (CPT1A) was up-regulated in Flax+E birds (p<0.05). Fatty acid synthase (FASN) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCA) were significantly reduced in Flax and Flax+E (p<0.05). Sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF-1) target fatty acid desaturase 2… Advisors/Committee Members: Cherian, Gita (advisor), Bionaz, Massimo (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens) – Feeding and feeds

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APA (6^th Edition):

Head, B. A. (2016). Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59585

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Head, Brian A. “Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59585.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Head, Brian A. “Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids.” 2016. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Head BA. Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59585.

Council of Science Editors:

Head BA. Lipid Metabolism and the Broiler Chicken : Effect of Dietary n-3 Fatty Acids. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59585

Stellenbosch University

16. Engelbrecht, Emma. Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming.

Degree: Industrial Engineering, 2011, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6701

►

Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering)) – University of Stellenbosch, 2011.

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Small-scale farmers have the opportunity to gain access to markets through a contract farming arrangement.… (more)

▼

Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering)) – University of Stellenbosch, 2011.

ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Small-scale farmers have the opportunity to gain access to markets through a contract farming arrangement. The key question is whether it is financially feasible for a small-scale farmer to enter into a contract. The objectives of this study were to develop a model that could be used to determine the financial feasibility of small-scale contract broiler farming in an intensive production system, compare three different genotypes namely: Cobb500 males X Hybro G females, Ross 308 males X Potchefstroom Koekoek females (crossbred) and the purebred Potchefstroom Koekoek, and evaluate current smallscale farmers’ broiler production by means of a case study. Financial performance indicators such as the net present value, cash flow and profit and loss statements were used to analyze the feasibility of all the scenarios. The model was built in Microsoft Excel. Five hundred, 1500 and 2500 birds/cycle scale of production were analyzed. Results revealed that based on the capital costs used, a 500 birds/cycle scale of production was uneconomical and that a farmer would have to receive R25.01/kg broiler meat in order to break even. The 1500 scale of production showed much better results. A farmer could break even at R17.51/kg meat. The capital investment cost of the 2500 scale of production was so high that the farmer would have had to sell his broiler meat for R18.54/kg. Performance traits of genotypes were collected through an experiment and data was statistically analyzed using ‘Statistica 9’. Results showed that there were significant differences between the cumulative feed intake, feed conversion ratios and the European production efficiency ratio of the different genotypes. No significant difference was found in the liveability of the genotypes. Data on performance traits was used as input into the model so that the economic feasibility of the genotypes could be compared. Results showed that a purebred Potchefstroom Koekoek genotype was not suitable for an intensive production system and that the crossbreed did not perform as well as the broiler breed, but that it would be worthwhile investigating the performance traits of the cross breed under less optimal conditions or in a free-range system. The lower capital costs necessary for a freerange system, together with the high premium paid for free-range broiler meat, may give admirable results in the economic feasibility of a small-scale broiler farm.

AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kleinboere het die geleentheid om deur kontrak boerdery toegang tot markte te verkry. Die vraag is egter of dit finansieël haalbaar is vir 'n kleinboer om kontraktueel verbind te word? Die doelwitte van die studie was om: ‘n model te ontwikkel wat gebruik kan word om die finansiële lewensvatbaarheid van' n klein-skaalse braaikuikenboer te bepaal onder 'n intensiewe produksiestelsel; verskillende genotipes naamlik: Cobb500 hane X Hybro G henne, Ross 308…

Advisors/Committee Members: Van der Merwe, A. F., Liebenberg, L., University of Stellenbosch. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Industrial Engineering..

Subjects/Keywords: Industrial engineering; Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Engelbrecht, E. (2011). Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6701

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Engelbrecht, Emma. “Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming.” 2011. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6701.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Engelbrecht, Emma. “Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming.” 2011. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Engelbrecht E. Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6701.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Engelbrecht E. Investigating the feasibility of small-scale broiler farming. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6701

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

17. Klein, Joseph Thomas. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 2013, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151743

► Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and β-mannanase, separately and in combination, in reduced energy diets on broiler growth… (more)

▼ Multiple experiments were conducted to investigate the inclusion of a cocktail NSPase and β-mannanase, separately and in combination, in reduced energy diets on broiler growth performance and processing yield. Each experiment contained a positive control (PC), negative control (NC) diet (-132 kcal/kg AME), and the inclusion of enzymes in the NC to evaluate enzyme effectiveness. The reduction in energy negatively impacted performance and processing parameters in all experiments. The inclusion of NSPase negated the negative effects of energy reduction in experiment 1. Experiment 2 evaluated increased pelleting temperature on NSPase activity. Body weight (BW) was increased (P<0.05) with the inclusion of NSPase pelleted at 80, 85, and 90 C throughout the experiment compared to NC; however, the treatment pelleted at 80 C outperformed the other NSPase pelleted treatments. The inclusion of NSPase pelleted at 80 C reduced (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the NC throughout the experiment. At the conclusion of the trial, NSPase inclusion pelleted at 85 and 90 C yielded FCR similar to PC. The experimental design of experiment 3 and 4 included five dietary treatments including a PC, NC, NC supplemented with β-mannanase, NSPase, and β-mannanase/NSPase. Performance parameters were evaluated on d 14, 28, 42, and 47 and a subset of broilers were processed on day 48. Increases (P<0.05) in BW were observed with the inclusion of NSPase and β-mannanase/ NSPase on day 14 and with all treatment groups on day 28. An additive effect was observed with reduced FCR through day 28 with the combination of β-mannanase/ NSPase. In experiment 4, performance was evaluated on days 14, 27, 35, and 41 and carcass yields determined on day 42. Increases in day 14 BW were observed with the inclusion of the NSPase alone and β-mannanase/NSPase to reach a similar weight as the PC. Inclusion of β-mannanase/NSPase increased (P<0.05) BW compared to the NC. Inclusion of the NSPase reduced (P<0.05) cumulative FCR through 41 days of age. Inclusion of β-mannanase/NSPase resulted in reduced (P<0.05) FCR in the finisher phase and cumulatively throughout the trial to levels of the PC. The combination of β-mannanase/NSPase did increase (P<0.05) WOG weight similar to observations in BW. These data confirm that enzyme supplementation in low energy diets improve performance and indicate that additive effects of a combination of enzymes could potentially be a cost saving strategy for producers. Advisors/Committee Members: Lee, Jason T (advisor), Caldwell, David J (committee member), Holub, Glenn A (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: broilers; enzyme; performance; energy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klein, J. T. (2013). Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151743

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klein, Joseph Thomas. “Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151743.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klein, Joseph Thomas. “Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters.” 2013. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Klein JT. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151743.

Council of Science Editors:

Klein JT. Evaluation of Exogenous Enzymes Targeting Non-starch Polysaccharides in Reduced Energy Diets on Broiler Growth Performance and Processing Parameters. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/151743

Oregon State University

18. Tobar-Dupres, Eric T. Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens.

Degree: MS, Poultry Science, 1992, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36879

► Growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) may be an important factor in the regulation of growth as well as an indirect, less invasive way of predicting… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tobar-Dupres, E. T. (1992). Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36879

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tobar-Dupres, Eric T. “Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens.” 1992. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36879.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tobar-Dupres, Eric T. “Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens.” 1992. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tobar-Dupres ET. Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1992. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36879.

Council of Science Editors:

Tobar-Dupres ET. Factors affecting circulating growth hormone binding protein in chickens. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36879

Oregon State University

19. Bautista Ortega, Jaime. Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet.

Degree: MS, Animal Science, 2008, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7539

► Three experiments were conducted in broiler hens to study the influence of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on egg quality, antioxidant status in progeny,… (more)

▼ Three experiments were conducted in broiler hens to study the influence of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on egg quality, antioxidant status in progeny, and eicosanoid production in tissue. The objective of experiment 1 was to determine the effect of hen age and dietary n-3 PUFA on egg quality and hatchability. Two-hundred-twenty breeder chicks (males and females) (Cobb Breeders) were raised until 20 weeks of age following the company guidelines. At this age, 3 groups of birds (24 breeder hens and 3 roosters) were randomly allocated to one of the following dietary treatments: 3.5% sunflower oil (Low n-3 diet), 1.75% sunflower oil + 1.75% fish oil (Medium n-3 diet) or 3.5% fish oil (High n-3 diet). Egg quality was evaluated at 29, 37 and 45 weeks of age by determining total egg weight, its components (albumen, yolk and shell) and shell thickness. Total fat content in the yolk and its fatty acid profile was also determined. Egg production was recorded daily. Breeder hens fed the High n-3 diet laid lighter eggs with lighter yolks, albumens and shells than those fed the Medium and Low n-3 diets (p<0.05). Eggs laid by hens fed the Medium n-3 diet had thicker shells than those laid by hens fed the Low n-3 diet (p<0.05). Egg weight, yolk weight, albumen weight, shell weight and shell thickness increased significantly with hen age (p<0.05). Total fat content in the yolk was significantly higher in the eggs laid by 37-week-old and 45-week-old hens than in those laid by 29-week-old hens. Hens fed the high n-3 diet laid eggs with significantly higher n-3 PUFA and lower n-6 PUFA content than hens from the other treatments (p<0.05). Hen age did not affect the n-3 or n-6 PUFA content. Fertility and hatchability were not affected by maternal diet. Total egg weight, yolk weight, albumen weight and shell weight was decreased by feeding n-3 PUFA to breeder hens. The decreased n6:n3 ratio brought about by maternal dietary n-3 PUFA was further investigated in connection with possible effects on antioxidant and eicosanoid status in newly hatched chicks. The objective of experiment 2 was to determine the effect of maternal diet (Low, Medium and High n-3) on the antioxidant and eicosanoid status, tissue fatty acid profile and lipid peroxidation in the newly hatched chick. Two-hundred-ninety-eight eggs were collected from the 29-week-old breeder hens mentioned in experiment 1. After incubation, day-old chicks were randomly selected from a pool of eggs laid by hens fed the three experimental diets. Antioxidant status was established by measuring activity of antioxidant enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and the content of total glutathione. Hatchability and total fat content in the tissues were not affected by maternal diet. n-3 PUFA content increased and n-6 PUFA decreased significantly in chick’s tissue (p<0.05) hatched from hens fed the fish-oil supplemented diet compared to those hatched from hens fed the Low n-3 diet (p<0.05). Total… Advisors/Committee Members: Cherian, Gita (advisor), Bartholomew, Jerri L (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Eicosanoid; Broilers (Poultry) – Metabolism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bautista Ortega, J. (2008). Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7539

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bautista Ortega, Jaime. “Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7539.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bautista Ortega, Jaime. “Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet.” 2008. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Bautista Ortega J. Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2008. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7539.

Council of Science Editors:

Bautista Ortega J. Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism in broiler chickens : effects of maternal diet. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/7539

Oregon State University

20. Bryan, Dallas Dean. Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales.

Degree: MS, Agricultural Economics, 1964, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19700

► The broiler industry in the United States has undergone tremendous change since the end of World War II. Several structural changes in the industry facilitated… (more)

▼ The broiler industry in the United States has undergone tremendous change since the end of World War II. Several structural changes in the industry facilitated the widespread adoption of new technology. Improvements in feeding, breeding, and managing made production more efficient. Extensive use of contract growing and production financing accompanied the increase in broiler production. The largest expansion of production took place in the South Atlantic States and the South Central States. Rapid transportation, combined with lower production costs, enabled southern fryers to compete favorably with Oregon-grown fryers. To meet competition from broiler growers in other states, the Oregon Fryer Commission has undertaken a modest promotion program. It would be desirable for the Oregon Fryer Commission to know the most advantageous uses for its limited amount of promotion dollars. This study was undertaken to determine production costs of a few selected broiler enterprises in Oregon, and the effectiveness of four types of in-store promotional material in increasing fryer sales. The growers selected for the cost of production study appeared to operate three of the better broiler enterprises in Oregon. Average costs for each grower were calculated from data of the last four broods marketed in 1963. Total cost per pound of broiler marketed by these growers was 17.94 cents, 18.64 cents, and 16.90 cents. Assuming each grower received the average Oregon price of 17 cents per pound in 1963, the first two growers would have lost $830 and $4,110 per brood, while the third grower would have made a profit of $100 per brood. In the promotion study, two posters, a banner, and a gondola were employed as in-store promotional material. The sample stores were selected from two food chains in the Portland metropolitan area and one food chain in the Salem area. The sample size of Chain A was 1Z stores, while the sample size of both Chain B and Chain C was six stores. Store selections were based on large volume of fryer sales and the location of stores with respect to different socioeconomic groups. The study was divided into three periods: two weeks of prepromotion, four weeks of promotion, and two weeks of postpromotion. The purpose was to determine the number of pounds of fryers sold weekly in each store during the three periods. Increases or decreases of fryer sales for each store were determined by comparing fryer sales during the promotion and postpromotion periods to fryer sales during the prepromotion period. To determine promotion effectiveness, changes of fryer sales in stores with promotional material were compared to changes of fryer sales in check stores with no promotional material. It appeared that promotion by Fryer Commission poster and revised Fryer Commission poster during one, two, and four-week intervals was similarly effective. At the same time, promotion effectiveness of banners was considerably less. An elaborate, colored, pictorial poster appeared more effective in…

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bryan, D. D. (1964). Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19700

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bryan, Dallas Dean. “Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales.” 1964. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19700.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bryan, Dallas Dean. “Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales.” 1964. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Bryan DD. Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1964. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19700.

Council of Science Editors:

Bryan DD. Production costs of fryers and effectiveness of in-store promotional techniques on increasing fryer sales. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1964. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19700

21. Musukwa, Namosya Martha. The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers.

Degree: 2011, University of Zimbabwe

URL: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/251

► The effects of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% maize bran levels in broiler finisher diets, on the performance of Arbor acres and Cobb 500 broilers… (more)

▼ The effects of 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% maize bran levels in broiler finisher diets, on the performance of Arbor acres and Cobb 500 broilers was investigated. Diets containing different levels of maize bran were introduced at 29 and 35 days of age. The test diets were fed ad lib up to the 47th day of growth in a 3 factor (2 strains x 2 feeding dates x 4 maize bran levels) Randomised Complete Block design arrangement having experimental units of 20-24 birds in 3 replications. There were highly significant differences (P < 0.01) between Arbor acres and Cobb 500 for all weighed parameters (liveweight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio, dressed weight, dressing out %, weights of liver, gizzard and proventriculus, small intestine, colon, caeca, and abdominal fat, indicating the two were distinct strains. There were no significant differences among birds of the same strain, in liveweight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and dressed weight for the four levels of maize bran in the diet and the two starting dates for feeding the diets containing bran. Birds of both strains that were fed diets containing maize bran from day 29 had higher (P < 0.01) abdominal fat weights than those fed from day 35. Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) morphological changes were induced by feeding the 20% and 30% maize bran containing diets. Histological analysis of the ileum showed a proliferation of goblet cells in birds fed the 20% and 30% maize bran containing diets which increased mucous secretion for GIT protection against the abrasive action of the maize bran. Dry matter apparent digestibility for both strains decreased linearly (p < 0.05) with increase in maize bran levels in the diet. In Arbor acres, apparent digestibility of CP, NDF and P; and AME decreased curvilinearly from 0% to 20% maize bran level and then increased up to the 30% maize bran level, indicating an improvement in efficiency of digestion of the diet containing 30% maize bran. In Cobb birds apparent digestibility of CP and NDF; and AME decreased linearly from 0% to 30% maize bran level. Total amounts of EE apparently digested in both Arbor acres and Cobb 500 birds increased IV with increase in maize bran levels in the diet, enabling more efficient utilization of energy and improved efficiency of nutrient utilization. Birds fed finisher feed containing 20% and 30% maize bran gave higher (P < 0.01) gross margin returns than those at 0 and 10% levels. It can therefore, be concluded that adding 20% and 30% maize bran to the basal finisher improves profit margins without significantly affecting growth and feed utilization in Arbor acres and Cobb broiler strains.

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (poultry) – Zambia; feeds – Zambia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Musukwa, N. M. (2011). The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers. (Thesis). University of Zimbabwe. Retrieved from http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/251

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Musukwa, Namosya Martha. “The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers.” 2011. Thesis, University of Zimbabwe. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/251.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Musukwa, Namosya Martha. “The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers.” 2011. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Musukwa NM. The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/251.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Musukwa NM. The effect of adding maize bran to finished feed on performance of arbor acres and cobb 500 broilers. [Thesis]. University of Zimbabwe; 2011. Available from: http://dspace.unza.zm/handle/123456789/251

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ghana

22. Asiamah, D.K. The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters.

Degree: 2018, University of Ghana

URL: http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27478

► This research was carried out to determine the growth performance, carcass characteristics and selected blood parameters of broilers fed increasing levels of corn cobs (CC)… (more)

▼ This research was carried out to determine the growth performance, carcass characteristics and selected blood parameters of broilers fed increasing levels of corn cobs (CC) as a replacement (50% or 100%) for wheat bran (WB), with or without fibre degrading enzymes (E). A total of 175 day-old chicks were used in this trial which lasted 42 days. Birds were randomly allotted to five dietary treatments in a completely randomised design. Treatments were labelled as T1 (0% CC), T2 (3% CC), T3 (3% CC + E), T4 (6% CC) and T5 (6% CC + E). Each treatment was replicated 5 times with 7 birds per replicate summing up to 35 birds per treatment. Water was offered ad-lib. Also feed was offered as weighed ad-lib with waybacks to determine feed intake. Data was analysed using the GLM procedure of SAS and significant differences separated by means of SNK test at 5% probability level. Growth performance variables were not significantly different (P > 0.05). For carcass characteristics T4 and T5 had significantly heavier (P < 0.05) full and empty gizzard weight than other treatments. Birds fed T1andT5 had heavier (P < 0.05) full and empty intestines than T2, T3 andT4. All blood parameters analysed were not significantly different (P < 0.05) with the exception of serum globulin and uric acid. TI recorded 199.0 μmol/L for uric acid which was similar (P > 0.05) to T2 and T3 but had a lower value (P < 0.05) compared to T4 (439.38 μmol/L) and T5 (367.26 μmol/L). Regarding globulins, the value observed (6.86 g/dL) among T1 birds was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than birds in T4 (21.63 g/dL). All the biochemical and haematological parameters were within the normal reference range apart from haemoglobin among birds in T3. It can be concluded from the experiment that feeding broilers with a diet containing up to 6% corn cobs with or without dietary enzyme had no negative effects on the growth performance, health status, carcass quality and weight. It was also found that corn cobs can replace wheat bran partially or totally up to 6% in poultry diets without affecting the growth, carcass and blood profiles. From the results, the cost of feed/kg progressively reduced as level of corn cob and fibre in the diets increased such that it was 12% cheaper to raise broilers on T5 than the control.

Subjects/Keywords: Fibre; Enzyme; Corn; Broilers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Asiamah, D. K. (2018). The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters. (Masters Thesis). University of Ghana. Retrieved from http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27478

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Asiamah, D K. “The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters. ” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Ghana. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27478.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Asiamah, D K. “The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters. ” 2018. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Asiamah DK. The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Ghana; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27478.

Council of Science Editors:

Asiamah DK. The Use of Fibre Degrading Enzyme Supplementation in Corn Cob Based Diets for Broilers: Effects on Growth, Blood and Carcass Parameters. [Masters Thesis]. University of Ghana; 2018. Available from: http://ugspace.ug.edu.gh/handle/123456789/27478

23. Kang Ly. Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens .

Degree: คณะทรัพยากรธรรมชาติ ภาควิชาสัตวศาสตร์, 2018, Prince of Songkla University

URL: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2016/12432

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ly, K. (2018). Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens . (Thesis). Prince of Songkla University. Retrieved from http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2016/12432

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ly, Kang. “Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens .” 2018. Thesis, Prince of Songkla University. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2016/12432.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ly, Kang. “Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens .” 2018. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Ly K. Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens . [Internet] [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2016/12432.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ly K. Effect of bedding materials and stocking density on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and contact dermatitis in broiler chickens . [Thesis]. Prince of Songkla University; 2018. Available from: http://kb.psu.ac.th/psukb/handle/2016/12432

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

24. Stainton, John Joseph. Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21057

► Within the last 100 years, commercial chickens have been split into two main groups. Broiler chickens are produced for meat production while layers are produced… (more)

▼ Within the last 100 years, commercial chickens have been split into two main groups. Broiler chickens are produced for meat production while layers are produced for egg production. This has caused large phenotypic changes and the genomic signatures of selection may be detectable using statistical techniques. Genomic regions identified by these techniques may include genes associated with production traits, and is therefore of interest to animal breeders. This thesis investigates signatures of selection in a number of commercial chicken lines using several statistical techniques based on population differentiation and levels of genetic diversity. First, signatures of selection were investigated using population differentiation in nine lines of broiler chickens. Weir and Cockerham's pairwise FST was calculated for genome-wide markers between the broiler lines and averaged into overlapping sliding windows to remove stochastic effects. A chromosome bound, circular permutation method was used to generate a null distribution and determine the significance of each window. A total of 51 putative selection signatures were found shared between lines and 87 putative selection signatures were found to be unique to one line. The majority of these regions contain peak positions for broiler QTL found in previous studies and eight regions were significantly enriched for broiler QTL. One region located on chromosome 27 contained 39 broiler QTL and 114 genes, several of which were functional candidates for association with broiler traits. Secondly, areas of low diversity were investigated in three different SNP datasets. All three datasets were taken from the same broiler line at different time points and consisted of different SNP densities, including 12k, 42k and 600k. A number of zero diversity regions were found in each dataset and several were shared between the datasets. The 600k dataset was also analysed using a regression test, which investigates the patterns of diversity as the distance from the selected site increases. This method searches for signatures of selections by fitting a regression to the diversity data to test the fit of the data to the theoretical model. A total of 15 regions were found displaying significant asymptotic regression and diversity values less than 0.005. One of these regions located on chromosome 1 was also found as a fixed region in the 12k and 42k datasets and contained the gene IGF1, which encodes an important protein for growth. Finally, signatures of selection were investigated between broiler and layer datasets by investigating population differentiation and diversity based analysis. Weir and Cockerham's pairwise FST was calculated between the two lines and outliers extracted. A total of 32 regions were found displaying high differentiation. Seven regions of low diversity in the layer dataset were also investigated. Several broiler and layer QTL had been previously identified in these regions. Two genes related to hedgehog proteins were identified within selected regions, which are known to be…

Subjects/Keywords: 636.5; poultry; broilers; selection signatures

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stainton, J. J. (2015). Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21057

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stainton, John Joseph. “Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21057.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stainton, John Joseph. “Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines.” 2015. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Stainton JJ. Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21057.

Council of Science Editors:

Stainton JJ. Detection of signatures of selection in commercial chicken lines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21057

Universidad de Chile

25. Martínez Serrano, Tamara. Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal.

Degree: 2015, Universidad de Chile

URL: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142738

► El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar una nueva formulación de probióticos incluidos en el agua de bebida y determinar sus efectos sobre parámetros productivos… (more)

▼ El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar una nueva formulación de probióticos incluidos en el agua de bebida y determinar sus efectos sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal en pollos broiler. Se usaron 240 pollos broiler Ross 308, de 1 día, distribuidos en tres tratamientos: Control (sin probióticos N=80), P1 (1,75 mL de probiótico/ave N=80), y P2 (3,5 mL de probiótico/ave N=80). Los probióticos se administraron vía agua de bebida por 42 días. Se calculó: peso vivo (PV), ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), consumo de alimento (CA), y eficiencia de conversión alimentaria (ECA). Se determinaron también los parámetros histomorfológicos en intestino delgado (días 22 y 42): alto de mucosa y alto de vellosidades (AlV), ancho de vellosidades, profundidad de la cripta (PC), y proporción (AlV:PC). Se obtuvieron mayores PV en P1 los días 22 y 32, la GDP se incrementó el día 22 en P1. El CA disminuyó en P1 y P2 el día 42. La ECA aumentó los días 22 y 42 en P1 y P2. En cuanto a histomorfología intestinal, el día 22 el grupo P2 obtuvo las vellosidades más anchas y las criptas menos profundas. El día 42 el alto de mucosa fue mayor en P2, y las vellosidades más largas se observaron en los grupos P1 y P2. Al final del estudio el probiótico mejoró la ECA y algunos parámetros morfométricos como AlV y alto de mucosa. Los resultados podrían mejorar en condiciones óptimas de temperatura y mantención del probiótico, necesitándose estudios futuros para su evaluación.; The aim of this study was the evaluation of a new formulation of probiotic to be included in water drink, and determinate it effects on performance and histological changes at intestinal mucosal in broiler chickens. It was used 240 chicks broiler Ross 308, 1 day old, randomized in three treatment: Control (without probiotic N=80), P1 (1,75 mL probiotic/bird N=80) and P2 (3,5 mL probiotic/bird N=80). The probiotic was administrated daily in drinking water, for 42 days. The following parameters were recorded: body weight (BW), daily weight gain (DWG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion rate (FCR). Also, duodenal morphology was evaluated as a measure of intestinal integrity, measuring the following parameters: (days 22 and 42): mucosal height (MH) and villus height (VH), villus width (VW), crypt depth (CD) and villus height to crypt depth ratio (LV:CD). We observed an increased BW in P1 on days 22 and 32, the DWG increased the day 22 in P1. FI decreased in P1 and P2 in day 42. The FCR was higher on days 22 and 42 in P1 and P2. Regarding histomorphology, on day 22 group P2 had villus wider and lower crypt depth. On day 42 MH was higher in P2, and the longest villus were observed in P1 and P2 groups. At the end of the study the probiotic improved the ECA and some morphometric parameters such as VH and HM. These results could improve in optimum conditions of temperature and maintenance of probiotic, requiring further study for evaluation.

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (pollos tipo carne); Probióticos

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APA (6^th Edition):

Martínez Serrano, T. (2015). Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal. (Thesis). Universidad de Chile. Retrieved from http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142738

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Martínez Serrano, Tamara. “Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal.” 2015. Thesis, Universidad de Chile. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142738.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Martínez Serrano, Tamara. “Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal.” 2015. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Martínez Serrano T. Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidad de Chile; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142738.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Martínez Serrano T. Evaluación de la inclusión de probióticos en el agua de bebida de pollos Broiler sobre parámetros productivos y morfometría intestinal. [Thesis]. Universidad de Chile; 2015. Available from: http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/142738

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Guelph

26. Rothschild, Daniel. A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens.

Degree: MS, Department of Animal Biosciences, 2019, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/17512

► The objective was to benchmark data on immune response and organ weights of three slower growing strains and one fast growing strain of broiler chickens… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers; Slow; Organ; Immune; Welfare

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rothschild, D. (2019). A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/17512

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rothschild, Daniel. “A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed April 22, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/17512.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rothschild, Daniel. “A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens.” 2019. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rothschild D. A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/17512.

Council of Science Editors:

Rothschild D. A comparison of immune response and organ weights in broiler chickens. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2019. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/17512

University of Georgia

27. Wilson, Kimberly Marie. Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing.

Degree: 2015, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/31534

► Two experiments evaluated charcoals added to the feed on the recovery of Salmonella in broilers during grow-out and processing. In both experiments, 2 "seeder" chicks… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Salmonella; Broilers; Charcoal; Ceca

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wilson, K. M. (2015). Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/31534

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wilson, Kimberly Marie. “Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing.” 2015. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/31534.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wilson, Kimberly Marie. “Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing.” 2015. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wilson KM. Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/31534.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wilson KM. Evaluating the addition of charcoals to broiler diets on the recovery of Salmonella Typhimurium during grow-out and processing. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/31534

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Georgia

28. Hamburg, Joshua Dean. Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty.

Degree: 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/28749

► Poultry production allows the efficient production of animal protein in the form of meat and eggs. In developing countries where affordable animal protein sources for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: pearl millet; broilers; laying hens

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hamburg, J. D. (2014). Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/28749

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hamburg, Joshua Dean. “Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/28749.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hamburg, Joshua Dean. “Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty.” 2014. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hamburg JD. Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/28749.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hamburg JD. Pearl millet and ghrelin in poulty. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/28749

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of British Columbia

29. Hamilton, Douglas Malcolm. The importance of population density in broiler production.

Degree: MS- MSc, Animal Science, 1966, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37352

► Commercial broiler chickens were reared as combined sexes at floor space areas of 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0 ft.2 per bird to ten weeks… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Chickens)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hamilton, D. M. (1966). The importance of population density in broiler production. (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37352

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hamilton, Douglas Malcolm. “The importance of population density in broiler production.” 1966. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37352.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hamilton, Douglas Malcolm. “The importance of population density in broiler production.” 1966. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hamilton DM. The importance of population density in broiler production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1966. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37352.

Council of Science Editors:

Hamilton DM. The importance of population density in broiler production. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1966. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37352

University of British Columbia

30. Kennedy, Brian James. Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate.

Degree: MS- MSc, Chemical and Biological Engineering, 1971, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34148

► An experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that enthalpy could be used as an indicator of the suitability of the environment for growing poultry.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Broilers (Poultry)

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kennedy, B. J. (1971). Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate. (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34148

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kennedy, Brian James. “Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate.” 1971. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed April 22, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34148.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kennedy, Brian James. “Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate.” 1971. Web. 22 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Kennedy BJ. Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34148.

Council of Science Editors:

Kennedy BJ. Influence of constant enthalpy on broiler growth rate. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34148

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations