subject:(beaver reintroduction)

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Colorado State University

1. Kornse, Zachary. Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Geosciences, 2020, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208492

► River restoration has become more of a concern with human influence on natural systems on the rise. Beaver provide a relatively inexpensive and natural opportunity… (more)

▼ River restoration has become more of a concern with human influence on natural systems on the rise. Beaver provide a relatively inexpensive and natural opportunity to restore rivers to a pre-settlement state. Quantitative models can be used to better understand where beaver reintroduction should occur to maximize the odds of a reintroduced beaver population establishing an ideal habitat to thrive in. The Beaver Restoration Assessment Tool (BRAT) is a quantitative model that uses elevation, hydrology, and vegetation inputs to estimate the carrying capacity of beaver. The primary objective of this project is to develop baseline data that can inform river restoration of the Dale Creek watershed on Old Elk Ranch, a northern tributary to the Poudre River in Northern Colorado, although the methods used in this study are broadly applicable to other watersheds. This objective was addressed during two phases of work – the channel and riparian condition assessment during summer 2018 and the assessment of historic and contemporary potential beaver habitat using BRAT and field surveys during summer 2019. Through the utilization of BRAT, survey mapping, and remote sensing, I was further able to determine the best methods for estimating potential beaver population density, as well as the accuracy of the BRAT results relative to the field survey results. Remote sensing provides a unique opportunity to increase the accuracy of BRAT through image classification and analysis. A national vegetation dataset produced by LANDFIRE, with a spatial resolution of 10m, is not as spatially accurate as vegetation datasets derived though supervised classification of NAIP imagery with a 1m spatial resolution. Due to its coarser spatial resolution and being a product of generalized models and field data, LANDFIRE data missed important details in vegetation, such as riparian willows along valley bottoms and variabilities within the floodplain that are crucial for beaver survival. Furthermore, this increase in vegetation accuracy led to increasing the accuracy of BRAT predictions for beaver carrying capacity relative to ground-based mapping of past beaver occupation, allowing for better assessment of where beaver should be reintroduced. Historical BRAT estimates revealed that zero and 1st order channels had the highest carrying capacity of dams historically, accounting for 56% of reaches capable of the highest BRAT classification (15+ dams/km). According to the field survey and historical vs contemporary BRAT estimates, carrying capacity has been greatly reduced post human settlement, primarily in zero and 1st order channel valleys where cattle were introduced. The 2018 condition assessment confirmed that while riparian vegetation was healthiest in higher-order channels, zero and 1st order channels were heavily browsed by cattle, deer, and elk. Based on the distribution of riparian vegetation health, and carrying capacity estimates from BRAT and field surveys, stream restoration would be most effective on 0th and 1st order streams. Advisors/Committee Members: Wohl, Ellen (advisor), McGrath, Daniel (committee member), Morrison, Ryan (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: beaver restoration assessment tool; image analysis; beaver reintroduction; river restoration; BRAT

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kornse, Z. (2020). Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208492

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kornse, Zachary. “Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208492.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kornse, Zachary. “Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains.” 2020. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Kornse Z. Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208492.

Council of Science Editors:

Kornse Z. Prioritization of beaver (Castor canadensis) reintroduction sites within semi-arid grassland rivers in the Great Plains. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/208492

University of Stirling

2. Law, Alan. Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Stirling

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767

► The extent and quality of freshwater systems is declining globally. Combined with past drainage, straightening and flow regulation, current systems are often functional but not… (more)

▼ The extent and quality of freshwater systems is declining globally. Combined with past drainage, straightening and flow regulation, current systems are often functional but not pristine. Conservation, creation and restoration of freshwater systems is common but requires significant planning, resources and active monitoring and may only be a short-term solution to the long-term problem of destruction and loss of riparian zones. Beavers (Castor spp.) have the ability to create physical and biological habitat heterogeneity through the construction of woody debris dams, thereby restoring lost natural discontinuities in freshwater systems. Beavers may thus offer a natural, more passive solution to the need for wetland restoration or creation and the problem of homogenisation of watercourses. As such, numerous beaver reintroductions and introductions have been undertaken based in part on restoring this lost natural heritage. However, it is crucial to be able to predict the potential effects on existing biota of physical modifications by beavers to ecosystems, especially in the light of further population expansion, whilst also disentangling these effects from other influences, namely herbivory. The impact of beavers on aquatic systems was studied using a combination of field-based surveys and experiments, using aquatic plants and macro-invertebrates as indicators of hydromorphological changes and to quantify the effects of direct foraging. The research presented in this thesis demonstrates beaver adaptive foraging behaviours between terrestrial and aquatic habitats, whilst feeding highly selectively, optimally and opportunistically, using the white water lily (Nymphaea alba) as a model species. The effects of beaver foraging on the aquatic plant resource and diversity was low over short time spans (e.g. 1 year), but when selective foraging was assessed over greater time scales (e.g. 10 years) the effects of foraging were distinct. Significant changes in aquatic plant height, biomass, richness, diversity and composition were observed over this time period due to selective grazing on large rhizomatous species (e.g. Menyanthes trifoliata). These direct effects occurred even though changes in water levels, which are commonly believed to be the main driver of beaver influence on aquatic vegetation, were negligible. In a separate study in Sweden where beavers commonly constructed dams, with ponds then forming upstream, the aquatic plant and coleoptera species richness and composition differed in comparison to adjacent non-beaver created wetlands. Therefore, having a range of wetland types in the environment increases physical and biological heterogeneity creating unique niches that are exploited by disparate taxa. The construction of a series of dams within a single reach of stream flowing through a Scottish agricultural landscape also increased physical habitat diversity. Distinctive macroinvertebrate assemblages and modified functional diversity were associated with each dominant habitat type in the stream, resulting in…

Subjects/Keywords: Beaver; Biodiversity; Scotland; Reintroduction; Heterogeneity; Macroinvertebrates; Aquatic plants; Sweden; Knapdale; Bamff; Rewild; Freshwater; Beavers; Ecological issue; Wildlife reintroduction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Law, A. (2014). Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Stirling. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Law, Alan. “Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Stirling. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Law, Alan. “Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems.” 2014. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Law A. Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767.

Council of Science Editors:

Law A. Evaluation of the ecological impacts of beaver reintroduction on aquatic systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20767

Montana State University

3. Scrafford, Matthew Allan. Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness.

Degree: MS, College of Agriculture, 2011, Montana State University

URL: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/2231

► In 1986, a beaver reintroduction program was initiated in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness (AB), Montana, in an effort to restore this species to the landscape after… (more)

▼ In 1986, a beaver reintroduction program was initiated in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness (AB), Montana, in an effort to restore this species to the landscape after a nearly 40 year absence. Since reintroduction, the AB has been inventoried yearly by the U.S.F.S. Gardiner Ranger District to document the location of active beaver structures. This study utilized the beaver structure inventory to report habitat characteristics associated with successful beaver colonies in the AB over a 24 year period. In meadows along 3rd order streams, colonies beaver established early (1986 - 1993) were more successful through 2010 than those established later (1994 - 2006), likely because habitat selected early was of higher quality. Odds of beaver colony success increased with greater stream sinuosity and depth, less distance to secondary channels, and less area of point/gravel bars. The amount of willow, although abundant at all locations, was not significantly different for beaver colony locations with varying levels of success. The best habitat for beaver colonies in meadows along 3rd order streams appeared to be on or within close proximity of secondary channels (e.g., sloughs, tributaries) because these locations were sheltered from destructive main stem flooding such that colonies and their structures were more permanent. Locations with evidence of historic use by beaver in meadows along 3rd order streams had less area of point/gravel bars, greater stream depth, and more willow than locations which had never been used by beaver. Successful beaver colonies were also found in smaller meadows on 1st and 2nd order streams although there was less available willow and streams could be intermittent in flow. After 24 years, the beaver population appears to be at carrying capacity, although there is no evidence that willow harvest rates are excessive or even negative. The success of reintroduced beaver populations in the AB is in contrast to conditions on the nearby northern Yellowstone winter range, where colony density is lower, likely because riparian woody vegetation shows more evidence of suppression from ungulate browsing, site potential for willow growth may be less, and negative anthropogenic effects persist. Advisors/Committee Members: Chairperson, Graduate Committee: Duncan T. Patten, Geoffrey Poole (co-chair) (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: American beaver; Habitat selection; Wildlife reintroduction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Scrafford, M. A. (2011). Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. (Masters Thesis). Montana State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/2231

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Scrafford, Matthew Allan. “Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Montana State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/2231.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Scrafford, Matthew Allan. “Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness.” 2011. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Scrafford MA. Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/2231.

Council of Science Editors:

Scrafford MA. Habitat selection of a reintroduced beaver population in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness. [Masters Thesis]. Montana State University; 2011. Available from: https://scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/handle/1/2231

University of Stirling

4. Jones, Kevin Christopher. Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland: Implications for reintroduction.

Degree: PhD, School of Natural Sciences, 2006, University of Stirling

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211

► Beavers have been described as a “keystone species” and “ecosystem engineers”, and in this dual role have great potential to physically modify their environment through… (more)

▼ Beavers have been described as a “keystone species” and “ecosystem engineers”, and in this dual role have great potential to physically modify their environment through tree-felling, foraging and construction activities. The resultant change in habitat heterogeneity can affect the flora and fauna that share the habitat with them. There has been recent interest in reintroducing the Eurasian beaver to the United Kingdom after an absence of over 400 years. To date, no research (aside from this thesis) has focussed on beaver ecology and behaviour in Scotland. This study has investigated the ecological effects of a small number of beavers in two enclosed but semi-natural Scottish sites at Bamff in Perthshire. The research conducted over a three-year period, with particular emphasis on the effects of tree-felling, foraging and construction activities. Trees were felled for both dietary and construction purposes, with felling rates being influenced by habitat availability, quality and the degree of habitat modification required. Highest rates were evident during the initial colonisation period of marginal sites (c. >300 trees / beaver / calendar year), and lowest rates in later years of occupation of more optimal sites (c. 55 – 70 trees / beaver / calendar year). Preferences were generally for willow and aspen trees, with conifers almost entirely avoided, and smaller trees preferred over larger ones. Proximity of trees to waterbodies was also an important factor, with nearer trees favoured, and generally most felling occurred within 50 m of water. Such behaviour followed the principles of optimal central place foraging. These preferences were less predictable however when intense construction activity was undertaken, with larger trees preferred and generic preferences for deciduous trees apparently invalid. In such cases, close proximity to the construction site was of prime importance. Increased cover of herbaceous plant species was observed in beaver-created canopy gaps in riparian woodland, whilst macrophyte diversity within waterbodies increased slightly in areas of herbaceous grazing. The diversity of terrestrial ground invertebrates was highest in areas of heavy tree-felling, and invertebrate richness and abundance was greatest in areas of herbaceous grazing under an intact tree-canopy. Furthermore, the abundance, diversity and richness of macroinvertebrate communities were increased by beaver-generated woody debris in ponds and streams. Overall, 30% of all macroinvertebrate species collected were found only in beaver-affected areas, due to the refugia and food supply provided by beaver dams, caches and lodges, as well as hydrological effects of these structures. These results are discussed with reference to future plans to return the beaver to Scotland. The habitat usage and modification of riparian ecosystems in northern Britain is likely to be similar to that found in this study, and the results are believed to be relevant, applicable and transferable to many areas of Scotland.

Subjects/Keywords: beaver; reintroduction; Scotland; tree-felling; dams; foraging; ecosystem engineer; keystone species; European beaver Scotland; Wildlife reintroduction Scotland

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jones, K. C. (2006). Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland: Implications for reintroduction. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Stirling. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jones, Kevin Christopher. “Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland: Implications for reintroduction.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Stirling. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Jones KC. Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland: Implications for reintroduction. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2006. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211.

Council of Science Editors:

Jones KC. Ecological effects of the feeding and construction activities of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) in Scotland: Implications for reintroduction. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/211

5. Malin, Johansson. Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976.

Degree: Technology and Social Sciences, 2016, Luleå University of Technology

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329

►

▼

1871 var bäver utrotad i Sverige, 1922 gjordes den första återintroduceringen i Jämtland. Det dröjde ända till 1960-talet innan bäver återintroducerades i Norrbotten. Återintroduceringarna i Sverige är ett relativt outforskat område och syftet med denna uppsats är att kartlägga återintroduceringarna i Norrbotten som skedde mellan 1960 - 1976. Resultaten som sådana är inte generaliserbara då de första utsättningarna i Norrbotten gjordes avsevärt senare än i övriga län, vilket innebär att aktörer och processer kan ha varit annorlunda. Dock visar denna undersökning på de bakomliggande motiv och restriktioner som fanns, vilket potentiellt kan tillämpas även vid andra återintroduceringar. Av bäverinventeringsmaterialet används endast information gällande Norrbotten, trots att inventeringar över hela Sverige redovisas, vilket gör det möjligt att potentiellt undersöka om samma mönster även gäller generellt.

By 1871 the beaver was extinct in Sweden. The beaver was first reintroduced in the county of Jämtland in 1922 and during the 1960s it was also reintroduced in the county of Norrbotten. This is a relatively unexplored field and the intention is to chart the reintroduction of beavers in Norrbotten between 1960-1976. This essay will not study the reintroductions in general. It will only study Norrbotten during the period mentioned above. The results as such is not generalizable because the first reintroduction in Norrbotten was considerably later than in the other counties, which means that the agents and processes involved may have been different in other parts of the country. However, this survey shows the underlying motivations and constraints that existed and this might be applicable on other reintroductions. In the materials of the beaver inventories only information regarding Norrbotten has been used, even though the inventories contains a chart of the beavers in all of Sweden. It is possible to investigate if these patterns might be generally applicable

Subjects/Keywords: Reintroduction; Beaver; Återintroducering; bäver; Castor Fiber; Norrbotten; History; Historia

…utredning ��The 20 Reintroduction of Gray Wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho… …Ecological studies of a reintroduced beaver 21 (Castor fiber) population �� om vikten… …the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service, The Reintroduction of Gray Wolves to Yellowstone… …Ecological studies of a reintroduced beaver (Castor fiber) population. 11 Göran… …länge varit frånvarande i sin bok ��Restoring the European beaver: 50 years of Experience…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Malin, J. (2016). Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976. (Thesis). Luleå University of Technology. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Malin, Johansson. “Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976.” 2016. Thesis, Luleå University of Technology. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Malin, Johansson. “Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976.” 2016. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Malin J. Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976. [Internet] [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Malin J. Bäverns återkomst till Norrbotten : Återintroduceringen av bäver 1960-1976. [Thesis]. Luleå University of Technology; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-60329

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

6. Lingo, Hallie Anne. Beaver Reintroduction Correlates with Spotted Frog Population Restoration and Terrestrial Movement Patterns of Newly Metamorphosed Columbia Spotted Frogs in the Owyhee Uplands of Southwestern Idaho.

Degree: 2013, Boise State University

URL: https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/870

► This thesis examines topics relevant to Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) in the Owyhee Uplands of southwestern Idaho. First, I present a detailed discussion of… (more)

▼ This thesis examines topics relevant to Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) in the Owyhee Uplands of southwestern Idaho. First, I present a detailed discussion of both the ecology and conservation status of spotted frogs. Concerns about declining spotted frog numbers in the southern portions of the species’ range were first expressed in the early 1990’s. In response, several studies on the behavior and ecology of spotted frog have been conducted by Boise State University. In addition, the Idaho Department of Fish and Game monitors the status of spotted frogs in the Owyhees using an occupancy model developed and implemented in 2007. For the most part, the population comprises small, semi-isolated breeding groups and is genetically structured by the drainages that it occupies. Spotted frogs in the Owyhees are listed as a species of concern under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Stoneman Creek in the Owyhees housed a robust population of spotted frogs that relied on habitat provided by a beaver dam, until the beaver were lost from the site in 1992. Following the loss of beaver at Stoneman Creek, the dam began to erode, eventually resulting in the loss of suitable habitat for spotted frogs. By 1998, surveys for spotted frogs along Stoneman Creek indicated a potential loss of the population. In an attempt to restore declining spotted frog habitat along Stoneman Creek, 5 beavers were released at the eroding beaver dam in 2001. At least one beaver settled along the stream and enhanced the eroding beaver dam, thus improving spotted frog habitat. The spotted frog population rapidly rebounded following beaver reintroduction to the stream. I found that spotted frog recruitment within the improved habitat occurred in two ways: through immigration and successful breeding. I constructed a field experiment designed to look at the permeability of uplands to movements by newly metamorphosed spotted frogs. Because overland movements by frogs pose a high risk of desiccation, it is unclear whether frogs can undergo terrestrial movements to access wetlands for foraging and suitable overwintering habitat for individual survival and whether among-population movements can take place. I found that spotted frog metamorphs do in fact undertake small-scale terrestrial movements. Terrestrial movements occurred mostly overnight. With increasingly dry conditions, the probability of movements occurring became increasingly dependent on dropping temperatures. Dropping temperatures were used in analyses as a correlate for precipitation.

Subjects/Keywords: Rana Luteiventris; Columbia spotted frog; Beaver reintroduction; Zoology

…margin prior to beaver reintroduction in 2001… …and successful beaver reintroduction in 2001, the spotted frog population began to increase… …x28;2001), and the two years following beaver reintroduction (2002 and 2003)… …beaver reintroductions in 2001, egg mass counts at the Stoneman Creek beaver reservoir… …17 Figure 11 Current distribution of beaver (Castor canadensis) throughout the…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lingo, H. A. (2013). Beaver Reintroduction Correlates with Spotted Frog Population Restoration and Terrestrial Movement Patterns of Newly Metamorphosed Columbia Spotted Frogs in the Owyhee Uplands of Southwestern Idaho. (Thesis). Boise State University. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/870

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lingo, Hallie Anne. “Beaver Reintroduction Correlates with Spotted Frog Population Restoration and Terrestrial Movement Patterns of Newly Metamorphosed Columbia Spotted Frogs in the Owyhee Uplands of Southwestern Idaho.” 2013. Thesis, Boise State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/870.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vancouver:

Lingo HA. Beaver Reintroduction Correlates with Spotted Frog Population Restoration and Terrestrial Movement Patterns of Newly Metamorphosed Columbia Spotted Frogs in the Owyhee Uplands of Southwestern Idaho. [Internet] [Thesis]. Boise State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/870.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lingo HA. Beaver Reintroduction Correlates with Spotted Frog Population Restoration and Terrestrial Movement Patterns of Newly Metamorphosed Columbia Spotted Frogs in the Owyhee Uplands of Southwestern Idaho. [Thesis]. Boise State University; 2013. Available from: https://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/870

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

7. Levanoni, Oded. Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers.

Degree: 2016, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences

URL: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13696/

► In pre-industrial times beavers, ecosystem engineers, inhabited most of the Holarctic. Intensive exploitation over the last millennium, particularly in Europe during the 18th and 19th… (more)

▼ In pre-industrial times beavers, ecosystem engineers, inhabited most of the Holarctic. Intensive exploitation over the last millennium, particularly in Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, led to a dramatic decline in beaver populations. By the end of the 19th century the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) was at the verge of extirpation in many regions of Eurasia. However, during the 20th century, changes in management policy and reintroductions have resulted in a fast recovery of the species. Presently, Eurasian beavers are colonizing large parts of their former distribution range, and their population is still growing. Once again, beaver engineering and its outcomes are becoming prominent features of many streams in the boreal landscapes. The goal of this thesis was to investigate how the reintroduction and population recovery of Eurasian beavers might affect ecosystem functioning at local and landscape scales. The work was based on measurements from 12 beaver systems of various colonization histories (pioneer and recolonized) in Swedish boreal forests. Based on water chemistry measurements together with field and lab experiments, I evaluated the effect of beavers on processes of mercury methylation, litter decomposition, and the growth and respiration of benthic biofilms. I also investigated how beavers alter the nutrient limitation of biofilm activity. To assess the environmental effects of the reintroduction of beavers at the landscape scale, this empirical approach was complemented by a meta-analysis of 76 published studies on a total of 16 environmental factors. The results showed that beavers increased MeHg concentrations, decreased algal biomass accrual, and sometimes increased litter decomposition rates downstream compared to upstream beaver systems. However, distinct contrasting patterns were observed in pioneer and recolonized systems: While all the above effects were prominent in pioneer systems, they were moderate or absent in recolonized systems. Albeit algal accrual and community respiration were nutrient limited, beaver systems had no effect on the degree of limitation. Based on the meta-analysis, this thesis demonstrates that, when compared to a reference site, beavers can potentially affect all studied factors. The meta-analysis also identified gaps in knowledge regarding the dependency of beaver effects on different stages of age and colonization history. In conclusion, this thesis highlights: a) the importance of incorporating the successional stage and the colonization history of beaver systems when considering the effects of reintroducing beavers into stream ecosystems; and b) the lack of knowledge regarding these issues.

Subjects/Keywords: beavers; population dynamics; habitats; ponds; rivers; ecosystems; environmental impact; mercury; methylation; algae; plant litter; biodegradation; nutrient availability; europe; asia; eurasia; beaver; beavers; reintroduction; castor fiber; ecosystem functioning; nutrient limitation; decomposition

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Levanoni, O. (2016). Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers. (Doctoral Dissertation). Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Retrieved from https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13696/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Levanoni, Oded. “Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13696/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Levanoni, Oded. “Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers.” 2016. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Levanoni O. Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13696/.

Council of Science Editors:

Levanoni O. Ecological and biogeochemical implications of the recovery of Eurasian beavers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; 2016. Available from: https://pub.epsilon.slu.se/13696/

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		in

Open Access Theses and Dissertations