subject:(al Qaeda)

University of Debrecen

1. Balogh, Zsuzsanna. The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA .

Degree: DE – Bölcsészettudományi Kar, 2014, University of Debrecen

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/190913

The presentation of the Muslim terror organization called al-Qaeda in cnnection with September 11 terror attacks. Advisors/Committee Members: Mathey, Éva (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: al-Qaeda; September 11

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APA (6^th Edition):

Balogh, Z. (2014). The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA . (Thesis). University of Debrecen. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2437/190913

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Balogh, Zsuzsanna. “The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA .” 2014. Thesis, University of Debrecen. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2437/190913.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Balogh, Zsuzsanna. “The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA .” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Balogh Z. The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Debrecen; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/190913.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Balogh Z. The al-Qaeda and its role in the terror attacks of 9/11 in the USA . [Thesis]. University of Debrecen; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2437/190913

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Leiden University

2. ter Borg, Lauren. The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups.

Degree: 2019, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/68428

► As the Global War on Terror increased counterterrorism in Indonesia, Indonesian Jihadi groups found themselves in a new position. On the one hand, counterterrorism units… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Southeast Asia; ISIL; ISIS; Al-Qaeda; Indonesia

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APA (6^th Edition):

ter Borg, L. (2019). The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/68428

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

ter Borg, Lauren. “The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/68428.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

ter Borg, Lauren. “The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups.” 2019. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

ter Borg L. The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/68428.

Council of Science Editors:

ter Borg L. The Effect of Counterterrorism on Terrorism - A Case Study of Indonesian Jihadi Groups. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/68428

University of Johannesburg

3. Schild, David. Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda.

Degree: 2011, University of Johannesburg

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4228

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M.A.

The essential nature of global politics has changed profoundly over the course of the past twenty years, becoming significantly more complex. The international system… (more)

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M.A.

The essential nature of global politics has changed profoundly over the course of the past twenty years, becoming significantly more complex. The international system has evolved in such a way as to often render traditional, materially-determined theoretical approaches to International Relations ill-equipped to compellingly account for action. Increasingly, ideational concerns play a vital role as mobilising influences, causing actors to behave in an unprecedented manner. One of the phenomena most emblematic of this trend towards increased complexity and the rise of the power of ideas is that of contemporary transnational terrorism. Ideologically-motivated and often seemingly irrational, new terrorism confounds mainstream theoretical understandings of anticipated action and reaction and constitutes a particularly salient area of study, as security scholars grapple with effective means of counteraction. This exploratory study attempts to pave the way towards an appropriate understanding of contemporary transnational terrorism by utilising a theoretical perspective specifically tailored towards embracing the complexities of global political reality and championing the critical importance of ideational determinants of action, viz. constructivism. Constructivism is utilised as a basis to understand the intangible ideational mechanics informing the activities of the most significant contemporary transnational terrorist group, Al Qaeda, thereby simultaneously highlighting the value and appropriateness of constructivist enquiry compared to its outmoded theoretical peers and providing insight into more effective future counter-terrorist policy. The primary prescriptive finding of the investigation is that the key to combating Al Qaeda and, indeed, contemporary transnational terrorist groups in general, involves, through some intervention, heightening the perceived discordance between the espoused group norms which attract membership and actual group action. Such discordance has been seen in practice – in the case of Al Qaeda in Iraq – to cripple the efficacy and power of terrorist group functioning. Such an approach requires a comprehensive understanding of a terrorist organisation's worldview, coupled with a campaign of carefully directed public diplomacy tactics.

Subjects/Keywords: Al Qaeda; Constructivism (Psychology); Terrorism; Transnational terrorism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Schild, D. (2011). Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda. (Thesis). University of Johannesburg. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4228

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Schild, David. “Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda.” 2011. Thesis, University of Johannesburg. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4228.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Schild, David. “Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda.” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Schild D. Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4228.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Schild D. Constructivism as a basis for understanding transnational terrorism : the case of Al Qaeda. [Thesis]. University of Johannesburg; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4228

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Leiden University

4. Carrilho, Isaura. Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah.

Degree: 2020, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/135403

► Since the rise of IS there have been countless analyses comparing the two terrorist organizations, however almost none discuss the impact IS has on AQ’s… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorism; Al-Qaeda; Strategy; Strategic shifts

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APA (6^th Edition):

Carrilho, I. (2020). Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/135403

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carrilho, Isaura. “Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/135403.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carrilho, Isaura. “Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah.” 2020. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Carrilho I. Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/135403.

Council of Science Editors:

Carrilho I. Al-Qaeda's strategic shift: From the far enemy to winning the hearts and minds of the Ummah. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/135403

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

5. Akins, John. The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror.

Degree: 2019, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624

► Nearly two decades after the declaration of the War on Terror, global terrorist attacks have increased. Beginning in 2005, the levels of domestic terrorism have… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: terrorism; counterterrorism; al Qaeda; U.S. foreign policy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Akins, J. (2019). The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Akins, John. “The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Akins, John. “The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror.” 2019. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Akins J. The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624.

Council of Science Editors:

Akins J. The Terrorism Trap: The Hidden Impact of America's War on Terror. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2019. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_graddiss/5624

University of Adelaide

6. Egudo, Margaret Mary. The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103693

► Transnational terrorism promoted by the Al-Qaeda movement gained high-level strategic attention after 11 September 2001 attacks on the World Trade Centre in New York, Shanksville,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: terrorism; Al-Qaeda; counter-terrorism; radicalisation; Jihadism

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Egudo, M. M. (2016). The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103693

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Egudo, Margaret Mary. “The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103693.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Egudo, Margaret Mary. “The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Egudo MM. The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103693.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Egudo MM. The Al-Qaeda transnational jihadist movement in historical context: understanding and countering religious and secular forms of terrorism. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/103693

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Texas – Austin

7. Richards, Robin Nicole. Terrorism in the Sinai.

Degree: Master of Global Policy Studies, Global Policy Studies, 2014, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/46499

► This report tracks and analyzes militant activity in the Sinai Peninsula. It focuses on the violence that has occurred since 2011, and particularly on the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorism; Sinai; Egypt; Al Qaeda; Ansar Jerusalem

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APA (6^th Edition):

Richards, R. N. (2014). Terrorism in the Sinai. (Masters Thesis). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/46499

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Richards, Robin Nicole. “Terrorism in the Sinai.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/46499.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Richards, Robin Nicole. “Terrorism in the Sinai.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Richards RN. Terrorism in the Sinai. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/46499.

Council of Science Editors:

Richards RN. Terrorism in the Sinai. [Masters Thesis]. University of Texas – Austin; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/46499

Technical University of Lisbon

8. Nóbrega, Carla José Moniz Ferreira de. Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI.

Degree: 2013, Technical University of Lisbon

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/6182

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Tese de Mestrado em Estratégia

O terrorismo é uma ameaça actual que afecta todo o Mundo. Frequentemente, os meios de comunicação de todo o Mundo… (more)

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Tese de Mestrado em Estratégia

O terrorismo é uma ameaça actual que afecta todo o Mundo. Frequentemente, os meios de comunicação de todo o Mundo noticiam diferentes ataques terroristas nas mais variadas zonas geográficas. Assim, o terrorismo têm-se tornado, nos últimos anos num assunto de destaque no domínio internacional. Utilizando o medo como uma arma, o terrorismo obriga, por vezes, os Estados a redefinirem as suas políticas interna e externa, para que possam estar mais adequadamente preparados para lidar com essa ameaça. A Al-Qaeda transformou-se, especialmente desde os ataques de 11 de Setembro de 2001, numa das mais conhecidas organizações terroristas do mundo. Esta dissertação tem o objectivo de investigar, expor e analisar as formas de organização estrutural de funcionamento e de liderança da Al-Qaeda, bem como explorar o significado e as consequências da morte de Osama Bin Laden para a organização terrorista. O conhecimento mais aprofundado da organização e da sua forma de funcionamento poderão, no futuro, contribuir para a criação de estratégias de defesa contra a ameaça terrorista.

Terrorism is a current threat that affects the whole world. Often, media outlets around the world report terrorist attacks in various different geographical areas. Thus, terrorism has become in recent years a prominent subject in the international sphere. Using fear as a weapon, terrorism, sometimes, forces States to redefine their internal and external policies so that those States can be adequately prepared to deal with this threat. Al-Qaeda has become, especially since the attacks of September 11, 2001, one of the best known terrorist organizations in the world. This dissertation paper aims to investigate, expose and analyze the forms of organization and leadership of Al-Qaeda, as well as explore the meaning and consequences of the death of Osama Bin Laden to the terrorist organization. A deeper understanding of Al-Qaeda’s organization and the way it operates may, in the future, contribute to the creation of protective strategies against the terrorist threa

Advisors/Committee Members: Silva, Teresa de Almeida e.

Subjects/Keywords: Terorrismo; Al-Qaeda; Liderança; Organização; Estratégia; Ideologia; Terrorism; Al-Qaeda; Leadership; Organization; Strategy; Ideology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nóbrega, C. J. M. F. d. (2013). Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/6182

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nóbrega, Carla José Moniz Ferreira de. “Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI.” 2013. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/6182.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nóbrega, Carla José Moniz Ferreira de. “Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI.” 2013. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nóbrega CJMFd. Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/6182.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nóbrega CJMFd. Al-Qaeda: análise estratégica da maior organização terrorista do século XXI. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2013. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/6182

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Alves, José Belmiro. Desafios no Século XXI.

Degree: 2010, Universidade Fernando Pessoa

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bdigital.ufp.pt:10284/1944

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Dissertação de Mestrado apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em em Relações Internacionais com o Mundo… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorismo islâmico; Criminalidade organizada; Al Qaeda; Islamic terrorism; Organized crime; Al Qaeda

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alves, J. B. (2010). Desafios no Século XXI. (Thesis). Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bdigital.ufp.pt:10284/1944

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alves, José Belmiro. “Desafios no Século XXI.” 2010. Thesis, Universidade Fernando Pessoa. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bdigital.ufp.pt:10284/1944.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alves, José Belmiro. “Desafios no Século XXI.” 2010. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Alves JB. Desafios no Século XXI. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Fernando Pessoa; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bdigital.ufp.pt:10284/1944.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Alves JB. Desafios no Século XXI. [Thesis]. Universidade Fernando Pessoa; 2010. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bdigital.ufp.pt:10284/1944

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidade Nova

10. Henriques, João Manuel Nunes. O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus.

Degree: 2011, Universidade Nova

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/7039

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciência Política e RelaçõesInternacionais.

Em plena Alta Idade Média, os territórios da Hispânia (Península Ibérica) foram alvo da cobiça árabe‐muçulmana, aos quais dariam o nome de Al Andalus. Após décadas de profundas transformações, a vida das populações peninsulares sofreu enormes mudanças, vindo a beneficiar de um assinalável progresso em diferentes domínios. No entanto, a luta pela reconquista dos territórios ocupados manter‐se‐ia acesa até finais do século XV, altura em que, definitivamente, estes territórios regressam às mãos dos cristãos. Volvidos cinco séculos, eis que surge uma nova ameaça islamista. Desta vez com o firme propósito de reconquistar o Al Andalus e devolver‐lhe os gloriosos tempos vividos sob a bandeira do Islão. Todavia, os mentores radicais que apontam para tal objectivo vão mais longe nos seus desígnios: para eles, a reconquista dos territórios outrora islamizados é tão‐somente o caminho para a reimplantação do Califado. Para o efeito, recorrem ao que reclamam como legítimo: a Jihad Universal, através da qual todos os infiéis serão submetidos.

Advisors/Committee Members: Anes, José Manuel.

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorismo; Islamismo; Jihad; Al Andalus; Al Qaeda; Informações

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APA (6^th Edition):

Henriques, J. M. N. (2011). O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus. (Thesis). Universidade Nova. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/7039

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Henriques, João Manuel Nunes. “O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus.” 2011. Thesis, Universidade Nova. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/7039.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Henriques, João Manuel Nunes. “O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus.” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Henriques JMN. O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/7039.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Henriques JMN. O radicalisno islamista na Península Ibérica. A reconquista do Al Andalus. [Thesis]. Universidade Nova; 2011. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:run.unl.pt:10362/7039

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

11. Aysu, Murat Okan. Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses.

Degree: Docteur es, Science politique, 2009, Université Lumière – Lyon II

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007

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Al Qaeda s’est fait connaître grâce à quelques attentats pionniers symboliques dont le plus spectaculaire a eu lieu le 11 septembre 2001. L’étude du profil… (more)

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Al Qaeda s’est fait connaître grâce à quelques attentats pionniers symboliques dont le plus spectaculaire a eu lieu le 11 septembre 2001. L’étude du profil complexe d’Al Qaeda, avec ses racines profondes ancrées dans l’histoire, la politique et la société du monde islamique, puis de son évolution, permet de comprendre que la véritable menace ne vient pas d’un seul homme ni même d’un groupe, mais d’une idéologie plus large dédiée au djihad défensif, l’Al Qaedisme. Cette idéologie construite sur des piliers solides et cohérents, prône une guerre sainte planétaire contre l’Occident. Des réseaux fondamentalistes ad hoc et des groupes terroristes locaux se sont greffés autour des objectifs et stratégies d’un Al Qaedisme codifié commun diffusé dans le cyberespace et ont amplifié la menace en touchant toutes les sphères de la communauté internationale. L’approche politique conservatrice dominante a tenté de mettre un frein aux attentats en instituant toute une série de mesures exceptionnelles plus répressives les unes que les autres. Pourtant, le phénomène croissant de radicalisation et la multiplication des attentats terroristes depuis 2001, démontrent que les modèles occidentaux appliqués par des Occidentaux à des sociétés établies sur d’autres fondamentaux n’ont pas permis de trouver de solution durable contre l’Al Qaedisme et même aggravé la menace. Des réponses adaptées à la véritable menace renforcées par le respect des droits de l’homme, sont à mettre en œuvre au travers de nouvelles stratégies multidisciplinaires et synchronisées de déradicalisation qui passent par la guerre des idées pour dépolariser les relations entre les musulmans et non-musulmans. L’adoption de mesures préventives, proactives et réactives qui trouvent un équilibre entre les besoins de la lutte contre le terrorisme et les valeurs démocratiques fondamentales devra en tout premier lieu viser à gagner les cœurs et les esprits de toutes les parties et à former une alliance des civilisations.

Al Qaeda has become renowned thanks to a few symbolic pioneering terrorist attacks among which the most spectacular ones took place on 11 September 2001. The study of Al Qaeda’s complex profile with deep roots in history, politics and the society of the Islamic world, and of its evolution, helps to understand that the real menace comes not from one man, nor from a group, but from an overarching ideology dedicated to a defensive jihad, Al Qaedism. This radical ideology, built upon strong and coherent pillars, preaches a holy global war against the West. Radical fundamentalist ad hoc networks and local terrorist groups have amalgamated around the objectives and strategies of a common, codified Al Qaedism disseminated in cyberspace and have magnified the menace by reaching all the spheres of the international community. The dominating conservative political approach attempted in vain to prevent further terrorist attacks by putting in place a series of exceptional measures more repressive one than another. However, the growing radicalization and the unprecedented…

Advisors/Committee Members: Journès, Claude (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Alliance des Civilisations – Al Qaeda – Al Qaedisme – Déradicalisation – Djihad – Moudjahidin – Radicalisation – Terrorisme; Alliance of Civilizations – Al Qaeda – Al Qaedism – Deradicalization – Jihad – Mujahidin – Radicalization – Terrorism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Aysu, M. O. (2009). Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Lumière – Lyon II. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Aysu, Murat Okan. “Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Lumière – Lyon II. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Aysu, Murat Okan. “Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses.” 2009. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Aysu MO. Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Lumière – Lyon II; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007.

Council of Science Editors:

Aysu MO. Comprendre l'Al Qaedisme : stratégies et réponses : Understanding Al Qaedism : strategies and responses. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Lumière – Lyon II; 2009. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO22007

University of Newcastle

12. Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Hamed. Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature.

Degree: MPhil, 2020, University of Newcastle

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1419559

►

Masters Research - Masters of Philosophy (MPhil)

Both radical Islamist groups and many influential Western politicians have utilized the term, Jihad to achieve their agendas… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Jihad; al-Qaeda; corona jihad; al-Naba; caliphate; IS; Qutb; Ibn Taymiyya; al-Mawdudi; al-Banna; ideologise; politicise; just war; progressive

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mohamed, M. A. H. (2020). Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature. (Masters Thesis). University of Newcastle. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1419559

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Hamed. “Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature.” 2020. Masters Thesis, University of Newcastle. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1419559.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mohamed, Mohamed Ahmed Hamed. “Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature.” 2020. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mohamed MAH. Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Newcastle; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1419559.

Council of Science Editors:

Mohamed MAH. Jihad as theological and political discourse: a critical analysis of relevant literature. [Masters Thesis]. University of Newcastle; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1419559

Universiteit Utrecht

13. Holtrigter, E.D. "IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen.

Degree: 2016, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338305

► De Islamitische Staat en de kharijieten (een beweging uit de tijd van Mohammed en de Rashidun) worden tegenwoordig veel met elkaar vergeleken. Zowel in de… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Al-Qaeda; IS; islam; kharijieten; Mohammed; radicalisme; rashidun; shari'a

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APA (6^th Edition):

Holtrigter, E. D. (2016). "IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338305

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Holtrigter, E D. “"IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338305.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Holtrigter, E D. “"IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Holtrigter ED. "IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338305.

Council of Science Editors:

Holtrigter ED. "IS en de Kharijieten" Een vergelijking tussen beide bewegingen. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338305

14. Mehdi, Akhlaghinia. Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -.

Degree: Political Science, 2014, Osmania University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/24318

None

-

Advisors/Committee Members: Ravindra Sastry, V.

Subjects/Keywords: Al Qaeda; International Terrorism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mehdi, A. (2014). Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -. (Thesis). Osmania University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/24318

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mehdi, Akhlaghinia. “Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -.” 2014. Thesis, Osmania University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/24318.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mehdi, Akhlaghinia. “Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mehdi A. Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. Osmania University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/24318.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mehdi A. Globalization and international terrorism: a case study of Al Qaeda; -. [Thesis]. Osmania University; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/24318

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidade de Brasília

15. Alexandre Santos de Amorim. A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações.

Degree: 2008, Universidade de Brasília

URL: http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4522

►

This paper aims to analyze the process f globalization of Islamic Radicalism by means of a case study of the terrorist group Al Qaeda, the… (more)

▼

This paper aims to analyze the process f globalization of Islamic Radicalism by means of a case study of the terrorist group Al Qaeda, the most important representative of this new global terrorism. How this movement arose, grew up through decades and its actual stage. For a better understand how Al Qaeda launches its Holy War against the West, we apply the Huntingtons Clash of Civilization Model in order to achieve more answers precise about the phenomenon. To understand the singular mark and action of Al Qaeda, it was necessary to study the terrorism phenomenon since your beginning, almost 2000 years ago, until present days, analyzing the most important groups, its ideologies and actions throughout the decades. After outline the history of terrorism in world, we analyze the Al Qaeda, its doctrinaire principles and creation, under the dust of Afghanistan War, and growing in Sudanese and afghan phases that culminates in the spectacular suicide attacks of September 11. After, we study the consequences of war against terrorism, launched for the United States, caused to the functioning and organization and more how Al Qaeda react and adapted himself to this new scenario, remains one of the most important threats to world stability in the twenty first century.

Essa dissertação analisa o processo de globalização do radicalismo islâmico, por meio de um estudo de caso da organização terrorista Al Qaeda, entendida como a principal representante desse novo terror globalizado. Procuramos estudar como surgiu esse movimento, sua evolução e seu atual estágio. Á fim de melhor entender por que a Al Qaeda lançou sua guerra santa contra o Ocidente, aplicamos o modelo do choque de civilizações do autor norte-americano Samuel P. Huntington como referencial teórico para que, à sua luz, pudéssemos obter respostas mais precisas sobre o fenômeno em questão. Com o intuito de compreender o ineditismo do caráter e da ação da Al Qaeda fez-se necessário um estudo do fenômeno do terrorismo desde os seus primórdios. Há quase 2000 anos atrás, até os dias atuais, analisando os principais grupos, suas ideologias e suas ações ao longo das décadas. Uma vez traçado o histórico do terror no mundo, analisou-se a Al Qaeda, seu embasamento doutrinário, seu surgimento, sob a poeira da Guerra do Afeganistão, e seu crescimento nas suas fases sudanesa e afegã, culminando com os espetaculares ataques suicidas de 11 de setembro de 2001 contra o World Trade Center em Nova York e o Pentágono em Washington. Na seqüência, estudamos as conseqüências que a guerra contra o terrorismo, lançada pelos Estados Unidos causaram ao funcionamento e a infraestrutura da organização e ainda, como a Al Qaeda reagiu e se adaptou a esse novo cenário, continuando a apresentar-se como uma das mais sérias ameaças à estabilidade mundial no Século XXI.

Advisors/Committee Members: Nizar Messari, Alcides Costa Vaz, Maria Helena de Castro Santos.

Subjects/Keywords: terrorismo e Al Qaeda; choque de civilizações; RELACOES INTERNACIONAIS

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Amorim, A. S. d. (2008). A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações. (Thesis). Universidade de Brasília. Retrieved from http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4522

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Amorim, Alexandre Santos de. “A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações.” 2008. Thesis, Universidade de Brasília. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4522.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Amorim, Alexandre Santos de. “A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações.” 2008. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Amorim ASd. A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade de Brasília; 2008. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4522.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Amorim ASd. A globalização do radicalismo islâmico : um estudo de caso da Al Qaeda sob a luz do choque de civilizações. [Thesis]. Universidade de Brasília; 2008. Available from: http://bdtd.bce.unb.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4522

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Connecticut

16. Weinstein, Florence. The Decentralization of al Qaeda.

Degree: MA, International Studies, 2018, University of Connecticut

URL: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1196

► Al Qaeda القاعدة, begun its initial formation under Osama Bin Laden’s leadership following the 1989 withdrawal of Soviet troops in Afghanistan. From 1988 until… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: al Qaeda; decentralization; near enemy; far enemy; jihad; insurgency

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APA (6^th Edition):

Weinstein, F. (2018). The Decentralization of al Qaeda. (Masters Thesis). University of Connecticut. Retrieved from https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1196

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Weinstein, Florence. “The Decentralization of al Qaeda.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Connecticut. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1196.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Weinstein, Florence. “The Decentralization of al Qaeda.” 2018. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Weinstein F. The Decentralization of al Qaeda. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1196.

Council of Science Editors:

Weinstein F. The Decentralization of al Qaeda. [Masters Thesis]. University of Connecticut; 2018. Available from: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/gs_theses/1196

George Mason University

17. Dones, D. Darell. Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage .

Degree: 2012, George Mason University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/7859

► This study examined the possibilities associated with whether the Al-Qaeda and the Taliban Terrorist groups have the capabilities to recruit in plain-view and employ United… (more)

▼ This study examined the possibilities associated with whether the Al-Qaeda and the Taliban Terrorist groups have the capabilities to recruit in plain-view and employ United States-based gangs to use biological weapons against this country. This study analyzed the opinions and beliefs of expert participants in a mixed methods design which suggested that gang activity in the US is not a new phenomenon but; possible terrorist recruitment of gangs for WMD usage is a new trend which made this research timely and relevant. The literature revealed there has not been a foreign terrorist attack inside the US previous to the 1993 World Trade Center attack and the subsequent September, 2001 attacks. The literature also revealed that over the past 20 years violent gangs have developed major global alliances paralleling the rise of international terrorist group activities in the US. Most US gang studies have focused on traditional youth violence and delinquency of gang actions; the majority of terrorist studies have been aimed at criminal activity outside the US. There is comparably limited research which examines parallel terrorist-gang activities and very few studies which have suggested the potential relations of terrorist-gang usage of WMD are a major terrorist threat. This study employed a mixed methodology of a modified Delphi 105 survey questions, group discussions and face to face expert interviews to address the five hypotheses of this study. This mixed methodology was not intended to definitively and formally test the hypotheses but; rather use the modified Delphi survey results, group discussions and face to face interviews to capture the opinions and beliefs of experts in this study. The dynamics of such terrorist-gang operations evolving in plain-view are extremely complex and challenging as this work has demonstrated. The results of this study have advanced a fresh understanding of the critical aspects of potential terrorist-gang actions in relationship to biological weapons threats against the US. The new exploration insights gained in this study provided a broader view of other overarching possibilities and concerns of terrorist-gang partnerships relevant to closing gaps between social science research and law enforcement efforts. There was no definitive knowledge or absolute agreement found during this study which illustrated terrorists recruiting gangs for biological use currently exists. However, this dissertation has provided new knowledge regarding the creativity of plain-view criminal activity among terrorists, gangs and the potential for WMD usage that may constitute future biological threats. The relevant knowledge of understanding 21st century gangs has served to further this research to assist law enforcement activities by 1) providing stakeholders empirical data supporting the development of specialized training and policy to confront terrorist-gang activity; 2) determining the scope of the threats of terrorists that may be recruiting gangs to use biological weapons against the US; 3) and providing… Advisors/Committee Members: Harbour, Francis V (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Plain View; Terrorism; Gangs; Recruitment; Biological Weapons Usage; Al-Qaeda; Taliban

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dones, D. D. (2012). Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage . (Thesis). George Mason University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1920/7859

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dones, D Darell. “Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage .” 2012. Thesis, George Mason University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/7859.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dones, D Darell. “Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage .” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dones DD. Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage . [Internet] [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/7859.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dones DD. Terror in Plainview: Terrorist-Gang Threats of Biological Weapons Usage . [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/7859

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

18. Örming, Lovisa. Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen.

Degree: Swedish National Defence College, 2014, Swedish National Defence College

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846

► The use of Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicles (UCAV) or drones have in recent yearsbecome the modus operandi of US counterterrorism strategy to eliminate sought… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Al-Qaeda; Drones; Terrorism; Contagion; Pakistan; Yemen; Process tracing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Örming, L. (2014). Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen. (Thesis). Swedish National Defence College. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Örming, Lovisa. “Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen.” 2014. Thesis, Swedish National Defence College. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Örming, Lovisa. “Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Örming L. Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen. [Internet] [Thesis]. Swedish National Defence College; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Örming L. Drone strikes and the spread of al-Qaeda : Process tracing from Pakistan to Yemen. [Thesis]. Swedish National Defence College; 2014. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-4846

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

19. Nash, Shannon Hope. Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98791

►

The concept of a sleeper plays on society’s perception of security and fears of enemy infiltration. The foundation of the sleeper phenomenon is historical, as… (more)

▼

The concept of a sleeper plays on society’s perception of security and fears of enemy infiltration. The foundation of the sleeper phenomenon is historical, as ideas have been imported from experiences with Second World War Fifth Columns and Russian espionage practices in the Cold War, but the idea has been leveraged into the post-Cold War realm of terror threats. This dissertation examines how the fluid concept of a sleeper evolved from the 1990s onwards. This study investigates the reality of al Qaeda espionage methodology and how the idea of a sleeper was perceived and adapted to fit the terrorist threat posed by al Qaeda beginning with the attack on two U.S. embassies in East Africa in 1998, then as a fear of sleepers ramped up for a time around the millennium with a foiled plot by Ahmed Ressam, but especially after the attack on September 11, 2001. Al Qaeda did not use sleepers in the classic Russian espionage sense of long-term cover creation and dormancy but the organization had an interest in deploying operatives, who had sufficient security awareness to avoid detection by authorities, to foreign countries who were meant to be in place to proceed to execute missions, usually on a shorter rather than longer time frame. This al Qaeda translation of methodology was based on the development of their own systems of operational security, as outlined in the Manchester Manual and training materials, which include borrowed tactics from other sources. While the tactics of patience, secrecy, deception, cover, and concealment operate on the fluid boundary of the sleeper concept, al Qaeda operational security diverged from the growing obsession over classic “sleepers”, particularly after 9/11. Adaptations of the concept of a sleeper often produced mis-assessments of al Qaeda’s translation of methodology and after 9/11 this encouraged policy guided by fear. New terror threats have emerged, but a fear of sleepers persists. This dissertation brings clarity to the sleeper phenomenon by revealing how perceptions that become detached from reality both foster and are fuelled by alarmism, exaggerated threat reporting, and a failure to understand the enemy.

2019-12-19 00:00:00

Advisors/Committee Members: Wark, Wesley K, History.

Subjects/Keywords: 9/11; Al-Qaeda; Counterterrorism; Intelligence; Sleepers; Terrorism; 0578

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nash, S. H. (2017). Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98791

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nash, Shannon Hope. “Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98791.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nash, Shannon Hope. “Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security.” 2017. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nash SH. Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98791.

Council of Science Editors:

Nash SH. Perception vs Reality: The Idea of Al Qaeda Sleepers as a Threat to American National Security. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/98791

California State University – Chico

20. Masadeh, Mais. Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks .

Degree: 2011, California State University – Chico

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.4/322

► ABSTRACT TERRORISM AND ISLAM: DISTORTION OF ISLAMIC CONCEPTS TO JUSTIFY VIOLENT ATTACKS by ?? Mais Turki Masadeh 2011 Master of Arts in Political Science California… (more)

▼ ABSTRACT TERRORISM AND ISLAM: DISTORTION OF ISLAMIC CONCEPTS TO JUSTIFY VIOLENT ATTACKS by ?? Mais Turki Masadeh 2011 Master of Arts in Political Science California State University, Chico Spring 2011 The terrorism of religious groups is not a unique phenomenon to the contemporary world. Indeed, the roots of modern day Islamist militias and terrorist groups can be traced all the way back to the 18th century. My purpose in writing this thesis is to find a relationship between Islam and terrorism and how Islamist groups succeed to justify their violence in the name of Islam. In order to achieve that, I examine case studies of two contemporary yet controversial Islamist groups, the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Qaeda. My decision to choose the two organizations as case studies is because they have claimed responsibility for the most terrorist attacks in the Middle East and North Africa in the last two decades. Throughout this thesis, I explore the development of the Islamic society from the early days of Islam in 610 C.E. to the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in 1918. The developments occurred in the Islamic society led to the creation of reactionary movements and ideologies. The findings of this research show that the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Qaeda are modern expansions of the latter creations. Additionally this paper explores how these terrorists groups succeeded to create new mechanisms for legitimizing their terror, mainly through Islam. The data and literature presented in this research show that the two organizations are not the vanguards of Muslims as they claim. Instead they use Islam as tool to give their terrorism a meaning. This paper investigates the Islamic concepts and values the two groups apply to justify their terror in the name of God. Ultimately, the findings in this research do not show a relationship between the religion of Islam and terrorism. Instead, it shows how the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Qaeda distorted Islam to justify their violence. Advisors/Committee Members: Jacob, James E (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorism and Islam; Islamist groups, the Muslim Brotherhood and al-Qaeda

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APA (6^th Edition):

Masadeh, M. (2011). Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks . (Thesis). California State University – Chico. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10211.4/322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Masadeh, Mais. “Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks .” 2011. Thesis, California State University – Chico. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10211.4/322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Masadeh, Mais. “Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks .” 2011. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Masadeh M. Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks . [Internet] [Thesis]. California State University – Chico; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.4/322.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Masadeh M. Terrorism and Islam: Distortion of Islamic Concepts to Justify Violent Attacks . [Thesis]. California State University – Chico; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10211.4/322

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Duquesne University

21. Monaco, Riccardo. Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism.

Degree: MA, Graduate Center for Social and Public Policy, 2007, Duquesne University

URL: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1585

► This research will look at the features of Italian terrorism to understand the nature of the terrorist groups and to analyze the countermeasures adopted by… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Red Brigades; Al Qaeda; Counterterrorism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Monaco, R. (2007). Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism. (Thesis). Duquesne University. Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Monaco, Riccardo. “Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism.” 2007. Thesis, Duquesne University. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Monaco, Riccardo. “Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism.” 2007. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Monaco R. Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism. [Internet] [Thesis]. Duquesne University; 2007. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Monaco R. Combating Red Brigades and Al Qaeda: The Evolution of Counterterrorism. [Thesis]. Duquesne University; 2007. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/1585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Maryland

22. Grossman, Nicholas. Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare.

Degree: Government and Politics, 2013, University of Maryland

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/14947

► In the post-Cold War world, the world's most powerful states have cooperated or avoided conflict with each other, easily defeated smaller state governments, engaged in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Political Science; Al Qaeda; Asymmetric Warfare; Drones; Insurgency; Robotics; Terrorism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grossman, N. (2013). Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare. (Thesis). University of Maryland. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1903/14947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grossman, Nicholas. “Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare.” 2013. Thesis, University of Maryland. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/14947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grossman, Nicholas. “Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare.” 2013. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Grossman N. Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/14947.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Grossman N. Robotics and the Future of International Asymmetric Warfare. [Thesis]. University of Maryland; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/14947

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Leiden University

23. Gospodinov, Ivan. The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009.

Degree: 2015, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/33836

► The thesis provides a look into the intricate relationship between the Sunni tribes of Iraq, primarily in the al-Anbar province, and the U.S.-led Coalition as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Tribes; sunnism; Iraq war; USA; american policies; Al-Qaeda in Iraq; Al-Anbar; Sunni Triangle

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gospodinov, I. (2015). The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/33836

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gospodinov, Ivan. “The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/33836.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gospodinov, Ivan. “The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009.” 2015. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gospodinov I. The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/33836.

Council of Science Editors:

Gospodinov I. The Sunni Tribes of Iraq: Tribal consolidation, through turbulent years 2003-2009. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/33836

24. Massuh, Macarena. Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas.

Degree: Licenciatura en Estudios Internacionales, 2018, Universidad Torcuato di Tella

URL: https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/utdt/11100

► El siguiente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar la heterogeneidad del terrorismo islámico a través de la posible relación entre la interpretación del Islam de los… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Islam; Al-Qaeda; Teorrismo; Bin Laden, Osama; Al-Zawahiri, Ayman; Al Zarqawi, Abu Musab; al-Baghdadi, Omar; al Husayni al-Qurashi al Baghdadi, Abu Bak

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APA (6^th Edition):

Massuh, M. (2018). Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas. (Thesis). Universidad Torcuato di Tella. Retrieved from https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/utdt/11100

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Massuh, Macarena. “Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas.” 2018. Thesis, Universidad Torcuato di Tella. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/utdt/11100.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Massuh, Macarena. “Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas.” 2018. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Massuh M. Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidad Torcuato di Tella; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/utdt/11100.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Massuh M. Islam y terrorismo : el impacto de la interpretación del Islam en las estrategias terroristas. [Thesis]. Universidad Torcuato di Tella; 2018. Available from: https://repositorio.utdt.edu/handle/utdt/11100

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

25. Souza, Bruno Mendelski de. A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004.

Degree: 2012, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091

►

Objetivamos analisar a construção do conceito de inimigo representado nos discursos de Osama bin Laden, durante o período de 1996 a 2004. Estes inimigos são… (more)

▼

Objetivamos analisar a construção do conceito de inimigo representado nos discursos de Osama bin Laden, durante o período de 1996 a 2004. Estes inimigos são constituídos a partir da edificação de uma realidade que apresenta Estados Unidos, Israel e seus aliados, como opressores dos muçulmanos. A fim de melhor compreender esta construção simbólica, buscaremos estudá-la com base na dinâmica de dois eixos fundamentais para a constituição do pensamento político-religioso de bin Laden: a herança teórica do islamismo radical, conjugada com a sua percepção acerca dos principais eventos geopolíticos contemporâneos envolvendo o mundo muçulmano. Dentro desta perspectiva, empregaremos o construtivismo em sua corrente linguística dos autores Nicholas Onuf e François Debrix como arcabouço teórico. Nos guiaremos pela prerrogativa de que a compreensão do mundo e da realidade ocorre de acordo com o modo como nós nos referimos a eles a partir de nossa linguagem. Como referencial metodológico que orientará nosso exame da construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de bin Laden, utilizaremos as categorias de operação da ideologia propostas por John Thompson na obra “Ideologia e Cultura Moderna – Teoria Social Crítica na Era dos Meios de Comunicação”.

We aimed to analyze the construction of the concept of enemy represented in Osama bin Laden‟s speeches, during the period 1996 to 2004. These enemies are making from the building of a reality that presents U.S., Israel and its allies, as oppressors of muslims. To better understand this symbolic construction, we will seek to study it based on the dynamics of two pillars for the constitution of bin Laden's politico-religious thought: the theoretical heritage of radical islam, combined with the author's perception about the main events contemporary geopolitical involving the muslim world. From this perspective, we will employ the Linguistic Constructivism of the authors Nicholas Onuf and François Debrix, as theoretical framework. We will be guided by the prerogative of the understanding of the world and reality occurs according to the way we refer to them from our language. As a methodological framework that will guide our examination of the construction of the concept of enemy in bin Laden's speeches, we will use the categories of operation of ideology proposed by John Thompson in his work "Ideology and Modern Culture - Critical Social Theory in the Era of the Media."

Advisors/Committee Members: Oro, Ari Pedro.

Subjects/Keywords: Relações internacionais; Al-Qaeda; Radical islamic thought; Al-Qaeda; Islamismo; Bin Laden, Osama, 1957-2011; Fundamentalismo islâmico; Terrorismo; Segurança internacional; Estados Unidos; Israel

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APA (6^th Edition):

Souza, B. M. d. (2012). A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Souza, Bruno Mendelski de. “A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004.” 2012. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Souza, Bruno Mendelski de. “A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004.” 2012. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Souza BMd. A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Souza BMd. A construção do conceito de inimigo nos discursos de Osama Bin Laden no período de 1996 a 2004. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Sul; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54091

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universiteit Utrecht

26. Swami-Persaud, A.P. Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis.

Degree: 2016, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338217

► In 2013, the world shook by the sudden announcement of what was momentarily thought to be a ‘new’ jihadi group: Islamic State. Islamic State destroyed… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: al qaeda; is; islamic state; jihad; terrorism; terror; framing; frame analysis; alignment; resonance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Swami-Persaud, A. P. (2016). Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338217

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Swami-Persaud, A P. “Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338217.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Swami-Persaud, A P. “Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Swami-Persaud AP. Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338217.

Council of Science Editors:

Swami-Persaud AP. Frame Wars. The Effects of Frame Alignment Processes on al-Qaeda’s and Islamic State’s Contest for Resonance: A Comparative Frame Analysis. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2016. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/338217

27. Bennett, John Thomas. Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them.

Degree: 2014, Johns Hopkins University

URL: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37221

► This thesis portfolio examined the targeted-killing program inherited – then enhanced – by President Barack Obama. These topics were selected because as future officials and… (more)

▼ This thesis portfolio examined the targeted-killing program inherited – then enhanced – by President Barack Obama. These topics were selected because as future officials and scholars make important decisions about the future of the program and conduct research on it, it is important to better understand the impacts of what has been dubbed a new way of war. Chapter One examined whether the targeted-killing program hindered the pursuit of U.S. foreign policy goals in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Chapter Two examined whether access to armed drones and elite commandos transformed what many experts considered an anti-war philosophic Liberal into a hawkish Realist. Chapter Three examined the program’s legality. The portfolio analyzed scholarship on U.S. war powers, the Constitution, existing U.S. laws, as well as Obama’s statements, writings, actions and his administration’s internal policy documents that were germane to his philosophy and the targeted-killing program during the examined span (early 2007-May 2014). Chapter One determined the program had a net positive effect on the pursuit of U.S. goals in the Afghanistan-Pakistan region during the examined timeframe (between September 2001 and December 2012). Chapter Two determined the program did not alter Obama’s philosophy, but in many ways, embodied his hybrid philosophy. And Chapter Three concluded that the program challenges some boundaries, but overall is legal. This research is important because the use of drone strikes and special operations raids – this new way of war – inside sovereign countries where the United States has not formally declared war is expected to continue under future commanders in chief. Therefore, this portfolio makes a contribution by shedding more light on the targeted-killing program’s real-world impacts, and could help better inform decision-makers and scholars as they shape the future scope of the program and conduct additional research about it. REVIEWERS Mr. John Gans Mark S. Zaid, Esq. THESIS ADVISORS Dr. Rameez Abbas (Chapters One and Three) Dr. Alexander Rosenthal (Chapter Two)

Subjects/Keywords: Targeted-killing; drones; al-Qaeda; terrorism; Obama; international relations; executive powers; war powers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bennett, J. T. (2014). Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them. (Thesis). Johns Hopkins University. Retrieved from http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37221

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bennett, John Thomas. “Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them.” 2014. Thesis, Johns Hopkins University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37221.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bennett, John Thomas. “Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them.” 2014. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bennett JT. Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them. [Internet] [Thesis]. Johns Hopkins University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37221.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bennett JT. Bend But Don't Break: Why Obama's Targeted-Killing Program Challenges Policy & Legal Boundaries But Rarely Breaches Them. [Thesis]. Johns Hopkins University; 2014. Available from: http://jhir.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/37221

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas A&M University

28. Ellis, Thomas H. Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello.

Degree: MA, Philosophy, 2010, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7128

► Michael Walzer has forwarded an argument that defends an exemption from adherence to Jus in Bello when a state finds itself in a situation of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Walzer; Hamas; Al Qaeda; Supreme Emergency

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ellis, T. H. (2010). Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7128

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ellis, Thomas H. “Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7128.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ellis, Thomas H. “Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello.” 2010. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ellis TH. Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7128.

Council of Science Editors:

Ellis TH. Contemporary Terrorist Organizations and the Threat to Michael Walzer’s Defense of a Supreme Emergency Exemption from Jus in Bello. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2009-08-7128

29. André, Tiago Alexandre de Castro. A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu.

Degree: 2016, RCAAP

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/15589

►

Os ataques terroristas perpetrados na década passada em Madrid e Londres, assim como os mais recentes realizados em França e na Bélgica, demonstram que o… (more)

▼

Os ataques terroristas perpetrados na década passada em Madrid e Londres, assim como os mais recentes realizados em França e na Bélgica, demonstram que o Jihadismo deixou de ser um fenómeno importado, passando a ser materializado na Europa por cidadãos nascidos e posteriormente radicalizados ou recrutados neste continente. As células Jihadistas estenderam-se e multiplicaram-se por todo o território europeu, sendo diariamente intercetadas pelas forças de segurança locais. Se antes se considerava que esta ameaça estava distante, agora é vista como o principal problema a assolar a segurança europeia. O nível desta ameaça aumenta exponencialmente devido à progressiva utilização das novas tecnologias pelos diversos grupos terroristas, em especial da Internet, permitindo-lhes estar sempre em contacto, bem como, planear os atentados terroristas com antecedência e com uma maior taxa de sucesso. Para além disto, concede-lhes o anonimato e a privacidade necessários para disseminar a sua mensagem e propagar a ideologia radical, tornando a missão de os vigiar e monitorizar, por parte das forças e serviços de segurança, mais difícil de concretizar. A luta dos governos europeus contra estes grupos Jihadistas, encabeçados pela al-Qaeda e, principalmente, pelo auto proclamado Estado Islâmico, tem sido marcada por ataques e contra-ataques efetuados por ambas as partes, perfazendo-se cada vez mais como um combate de longa duração contra o terrorismo e o extremismo islâmico.

The terrorist attacks perpetrated in the last decade in Madrid and London, along with the most recently occurred in France and Belgium, show that Jihadism is no longer an imported phenomenon. It now materializes itself in Europe through citizens born, radicalized and recruited in this continent. The jihadist cells multiplied and expanded throughout the entire european territory - with some of them being intercepted on a daily basis by local security forces. If this is a menace that was once considered distant, it is now seen as the foremost threat to european security. The level of this threat increases exponentially due to the progressive adoption of new technologies by the various terrorist groups - especially the Internet - which allow them to be in permanent contact, and in so doing, aiding in the premeditation and increased sucess rates of terrorist attacks. Moreover, it grants terrorists both the anonimity and privacy necessary to sow their message and propagate their radical ideology. This, in turn, increases the security forces's difficulty in regards to their monitoring and surveillance. The european government's fight against these Jihadist groups, headed by the al-Qaeda and, mainly and most recently, by the self-proclaimed Islamic State, has been marred by attacks and counter-attacks from part to part, setting itself ever more as a long-duration battle against terrorism and islamic extremism.

Advisors/Committee Members: Duarte, Felipe Pathé.

Subjects/Keywords: al-Qaeda; Estado Islâmico; Internet; Islamismo Radical; Jihadismo Global; Domínio/Área Científica::Ciências Sociais

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APA (6^th Edition):

André, T. A. d. C. (2016). A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu. (Thesis). RCAAP. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/15589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

André, Tiago Alexandre de Castro. “A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu.” 2016. Thesis, RCAAP. Accessed March 07, 2021. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/15589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

André, Tiago Alexandre de Castro. “A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu.” 2016. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

André TAdC. A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu. [Internet] [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/15589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

André TAdC. A influência da Internet no processo de radicalização e recrutamento de extremistas islâmicos: análise comparativa de sentenças judiciais no Espaço Europeu. [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2016. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:comum.rcaap.pt:10400.26/15589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Linnaeus University

30. Sayed, Abdul. The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11.

Degree: Social Studies, 2017, Linnaeus University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546

► This study is focused on the spreading wave of militancy in the Muslim youth after 9/11 era. The role Al Qaeda is researched in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Terrorism; Militant recruitment; Al Qaeda; Pakistan; War on Terror.; Social Sciences; Samhällsvetenskap

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sayed, A. (2017). The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11. (Thesis). Linnaeus University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sayed, Abdul. “The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11.” 2017. Thesis, Linnaeus University. Accessed March 07, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sayed, Abdul. “The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11.” 2017. Web. 07 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sayed A. The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11. [Internet] [Thesis]. Linnaeus University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 07]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sayed A. The rise of militancy in the Muslim youth : Discourse analysis of recruitment tactics of militant groups in Pakistan for inciting youth to violence after 9/11. [Thesis]. Linnaeus University; 2017. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60546

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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