subject:(Water crude oil emulsions)

Texas A&M University

1. Mehta, Shweta D. Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions.

Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2006, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3286

► An understanding of the processes involved in oil spills, and how they interact to alter the composition and behavior of the oil with respect to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: crude oil; emulsions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mehta, S. D. (2006). Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3286

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mehta, Shweta D. “Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions.” 2006. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3286.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mehta, Shweta D. “Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions.” 2006. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mehta SD. Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3286.

Council of Science Editors:

Mehta SD. Making and breaking of water in crude oil emulsions. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3286

2. Ligiero, Leticia. Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile.

Degree: Docteur es, Chimie physique, 2017, Pau

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3048

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La formation d’émulsions stables eau/huile lors des processus de récupération et de raffinage du pétrole peut impacter défavorablement l’efficacité de ces opérations. Bien que résines… (more)

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La formation d’émulsions stables eau/huile lors des processus de récupération et de raffinage du pétrole peut impacter défavorablement l’efficacité de ces opérations. Bien que résines et asphaltènes soient généralement tenus pour responsables de la stabilité des émulsions, la composition exacte des molécules présentes à l’interface eau/huile est en réalité assez mal connue. L’identification de ces molécules et la connaissance de leur influence sur la propriété des interfaces est une étape nécessaire pour mieux prédire les problèmes de stabilité des émulsions dans l’industrie pétrolière. Cette thèse présente des résultats de caractérisation analytique par GPC-ICP-HRMS et FTMS du matériel interfacial (IM) extrait de quatre bruts différents et des espèces transférées dans la phase aqueuse lorsque ces bruts contactent l’eau, ainsi que des propriétés rhéologiques en cisaillement et en dilatation des interfaces eau/huile en présence de ces composés. Les bruts ont été choisis en raison de leur capacité à former des émulsions eau-dans-huile de stabilités différentes. Les mesures d’élasticité de cisaillement ont montré que la majorité des interfaces eau/huile étudiées formaient une structure élastique susceptible de fausser la mesure du module dilatationnel de Gibbs par la méthode d’analyse du profil de goutte. Néanmoins, nous montrons à l’aide de simulations numériques que le module apparent Eapp mesuré dans un tel cas est proche de la somme du module de Gibbs et du module de cisaillement (G) multiplié par 2 du réseau interfacial dès lors que G reste petit (G < 10 mN/m), ce qui est très souvent le cas puisque nous observons que le réseau interfacial formé se rompt lors des expériences de dilatation. Une équation phénoménologique a été développée permettant d’attribuer un temps de relaxation unique aux processus de relaxation qui ont lieu aux interfaces eau/huile, ce qui nous permet de classer les différents systèmes entre eux. Nous avons également étudié les IM extraits des bruts selon la technique chromatographique dite « wet silica method » récemment développée par Jarvis et al. (Energy Fuels, 2015). Les expériences de rhéologie interfaciale confirment que cette méthode permet d’extraire les composés les plus tensioactifs présents aux interfaces eau-brut. Les analyses chimiques montrent que les IM sont partiellement composés d’asphaltènes et suggèrent que les composés contenant du soufre jouent un rôle important dans la stabilité des émulsions. Enfin, nous avons trouvé que les composés hydrosolubles transférés du brut à l’eau ont un comportement bénéfique, dans le sens où leur présence rend les émulsions eau-dans-brut moins stables. L’analyse FTMS de ces composés montre qu’ils appartiennent aux classes d’hétéroatomes suivant : O2, O3, S1, OS et O2S2 et qu’une partie de ces composés appartient à la classe des asphaltènes.

Crude oil recovery and refining operations rely on high consumption water processes, which may induce the formation of stable water-in-oil emulsions. Although asphaltenes and resins are known to…

Advisors/Committee Members: Dicharry, Christophe (thesis director), Bouriat, Patrick (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Emulsions; Pétrole; Rhéologie Interfaciale; Emulsions; Crude oil; Interfacial Rheology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ligiero, L. (2017). Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile. (Doctoral Dissertation). Pau. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3048

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ligiero, Leticia. “Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Pau. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3048.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ligiero, Leticia. “Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ligiero L. Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Pau; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3048.

Council of Science Editors:

Ligiero L. Crude oil/water interface characterization and its relation to water-in-oil emulsion stability. : Contribution à la caractérisation des interfaces eau/brut et leurs effets sur la stabilité des émulsions eau-dans-huile. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Pau; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017PAUU3048

3. Bresciani, Antonio Esio. Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água.

Degree: PhD, Engenharia Química, 2009, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-101225/ ;

►

Este trabalho visa o estudo da viabilidade da redução do uso de água no processo de dessalgação em refinarias de petróleo. Em uma primeira fase,… (more)

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Este trabalho visa o estudo da viabilidade da redução do uso de água no processo de dessalgação em refinarias de petróleo. Em uma primeira fase, foi necessário o estudo teórico da separação das emulsões água/óleo. Em seguida, foi desenvolvido um modelo matemático baseado nas forças atuantes nas gotas de água, o que possibilitou a determinação do tempo entre as colisões de pares de gotas e o estabelecimento do critério para que ocorra o fenômeno de coalescência. Esse modelo foi empregado em um sistema desenvolvido com base em autômatos celulares, o qual possibilitou o acompanhamento do processo micro e macroscópico, através do cálculo para o conjunto das gotas, e o acompanhamento visual até a separação da fase contínua. Os experimentos de laboratório, para os quais foi usado equipamento ótico para a medição da intensidade de luz transmitida ou espalhada pelas gotas, possibilitaram avaliar a influência da qualidade da água de mistura no tempo de separação das emulsões. Na unidade industrial, foram realizados testes que permitiram analisar o desempenho das dessalgadoras em diferentes situações operacionais. Os resultados obtidos através dos experimentos de laboratório e da simulação usando o modelo matemático desenvolvido mostraram-se compatíveis com os dados obtidos nos testes na unidade industrial. O trabalho mostrou ser possível alterar os esquemas de usos de água nas dessalgadoras, aumentando a taxa de reciclagem e possibilitando a otimização do consumo de água fresca neste processo, o que resultaria em redução substancial no consumo geral de água na refinaria.

The aim of this work is the study of the reduction of water consumption in petroleum desalting processes. The study of the attraction forces acting on the droplets was necessary to know how the emulsion water/oil is separated. A mathematical model based upon these forces was built to calculate the time between each droplets collision and to establish criteria for their coalescence. This model was applied to a system developed based on cellular automata, which allows to follow the process micro and macroscopically. Computations were carried out to the ensemble of droplets and the visual progression, from the start of droplets separation of the continuous phase to the end of the process could be visualized. Laboratory experiments, in which optical equipment was used to measure the light intensity transmitted or scattered by the droplets, allowed to evaluate the influence of the type of mixing water in the separation time of the emulsions. Tests in the industrial unity allowed evaluating the performance of the desalting units at different operating conditions. Conclusions of the laboratory experiments and the results of the mathematical model were compared with results of the industrial tests, showing coherence between them. The work shows that it is possible to simulate the effect of the operating variables and to alter schemes of water use in desalting units, increasing the water recycling rate, allowing optimization of fresh water consumption in this…

Advisors/Committee Members: Nascimento, Cláudio Augusto Oller do.

Subjects/Keywords: Água (uso; otimização); Crude oil desalting; Economia de água; Emulsions; Petróleo (processos químicos); Water uses optimization

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bresciani, A. E. (2009). Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-101225/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bresciani, Antonio Esio. “Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-101225/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bresciani, Antonio Esio. “Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água.” 2009. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bresciani AE. Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-101225/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Bresciani AE. Análise do processo de dessalgação de petróleo - otimização do uso de água. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2009. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3137/tde-20072009-101225/ ;

University of Oulu

4. Koski, A. (Anna). Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection.

Degree: 2008, University of Oulu

URL: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287237

► Abstract Moisture content control is a very effective way of protecting timber. Treatments with environment-friendly, biodegradable tall oil are known to reduce the capillary water… (more)

▼ Abstract Moisture content control is a very effective way of protecting timber. Treatments with environment-friendly, biodegradable tall oil are known to reduce the capillary water uptake of pine sapwood greatly, but despite the good results achieved there have been two problems that limit the use of tall oil for wood protection, the large amount of oil needed and the tendency for the oil to exude from the wood. This work was undertaken in order to obtain an understanding of the mechanism of wood protection by means of crude tall oil (CTO) and to find technical solutions to the main problems limiting its use for industrial wood protection. It is shown that the emulsion technique is one way of solving the first problem, as it provides high water-repellent efficiency at considerably lower oil retention levels. The fact that water is used as a thinner in this technique instead of the commonly used organic solvents is beneficial from environmental, economic and safety points of view. It is also shown that although the drying properties of CTO are inadequate for use as such in wood preservation, its oxidation and polymerization can be accelerated considerably by means of iron catalysts, which prevent the oil from exuding out of the wood. This also increases the water repellent efficiency of CTO treatment. Most impregnation oils do not dry when applied in large quantities, because they hinder the diffusion of air through the wood, which supplies the necessary oxygen. Limiting of the oil uptake by the means of the emulsion technique disturbs the airflow to a lesser extent, and thus enhances the drying process. Hence, both the emulsion technique and the use of an iron catalyst improve both the water-repellent efficiency of tall oil treatment and the rate of drying of the oil, thus solving the two main problems related to wood impregnation with tall oil in one single-stage treatment which can be used in existing wood preservation plants. This is advantageous from both an industrial and an economic point of view.

Subjects/Keywords: crude tall oil; emulsions; environment; moisture content control; wood protection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Koski, A. (. (2008). Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oulu. Retrieved from http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287237

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Koski, A (Anna). “Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection.” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oulu. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287237.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Koski, A (Anna). “Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection.” 2008. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Koski A(. Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287237.

Council of Science Editors:

Koski A(. Applicability of crude tall oil for wood protection. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oulu; 2008. Available from: http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514287237

Penn State University

5. Wong, Becky. Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions.

Degree: 2013, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17434

► The aroma of a food depends on the concentration of certain small, often hydrophobic, molecules in the headspace surrounding it. If these molecules remain bound… (more)

▼ The aroma of a food depends on the concentration of certain small, often hydrophobic, molecules in the headspace surrounding it. If these molecules remain bound by the food they will not be perceived. One method to ensure protection and proper delivery of these ingredients to the desired active site is by microencapsulation in an emulsion-based delivery system. This work will demonstrate enzyme-triggered release of a hydrophobic compound from a water-dilutable delivery system. The hydrophobic compound is protected and less active in a supercooled liquid lipid droplet but enzyme treatment triggers droplet crystallization and the compound is released. While the focus of the work is on the release of an aroma, other reactive compounds (e.g. antimicrobials, drugs) could be used in a similar manner. The effects of trypsin on a 1% casein-stabilized, 10% eicosane emulsion with 0.01 μl/ml added ethyl octanoate (EO) was studied at 28˚C. In the absence of trypsin, emulsions were stable over the course of the experiment (t=5 days). In the presence of trypsin, droplet size increased gradually over time (t=3 hours), suggesting protein hydrolysis results in progressive droplet coalescence. During protein digestion, supercooled liquid droplets eventually crystallize (t=18 hours), at which point the headspace concentration of EO increases suddenly. The headspace data are successfully modeled in terms of the partition coefficients with the bulk phases. The effects of changing other parameters in the system (i.e., added protein, small molecule type and lipid type) are considered. Increased sodium caseinate solution concentrations led to a decrease in headspace ethyl octanoate (EO) concentration. The degree of EO binding by caseinate solution increased as the protein was hydrolyzed. Small molecule types differing in carbon chain length and hydrophobicity (i.e., ethyl octanoate vs. ethyl hexanoate) did not show a significant difference in absolute headspace concentration and time at which this occurred. When tripalmitin and palm oil emulsions were treated with trypsin they did not show the characteristic increase in headspace concentration seen in eicosane dispersions, possibly because the tripalmitin had already crystallized at the start of the experiment while the solid fat content of “solid” palm oil was only 28.7% and not sufficient to cause a change in the binding of EO. Advisors/Committee Members: John Coupland, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Perla Relkin, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Ryan John Elias, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Joshua D Lambert, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor.

Subjects/Keywords: aroma; microencapsulation; oil-in-water emulsions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wong, B. (2013). Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17434

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wong, Becky. “Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions.” 2013. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17434.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wong, Becky. “Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wong B. Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17434.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wong B. Enzyme Triggered Release of Aroma Molecules from Oil-in-water Emulsions. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2013. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17434

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

6. Killian, Lauren Bantz Ashworth. DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS .

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11886

► The sale and consumption of chocolate in warmer climates is limited because of the negative effects of heat on the desirable chocolate characteristics. The addition… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: water-in-oil; emulsions; chocolate; heat resistant

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APA (6^th Edition):

Killian, L. B. A. (2011). DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11886

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Killian, Lauren Bantz Ashworth. “DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS .” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11886.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Killian, Lauren Bantz Ashworth. “DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS .” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Killian LBA. DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11886.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Killian LBA. DEVELOPMENT OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS FOR APPLICATION TO MODEL CHOCOLATE PRODUCTS . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11886

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Massey University

7. Li, Limin. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions.

Degree: Master of Technology, Food Technology, 2012, Massey University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3751

► Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are widely used as a dispersion system for oil or fat or as a delivery system for lipophilic bioactive compounds in aqueous… (more)

▼ Oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are widely used as a dispersion system for oil or fat or as a delivery system for lipophilic bioactive compounds in aqueous food products. There is a growing interest among food scientists in understanding the digestion behaviour of O/W emulsions when they are ingested and pass through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In recent years, a number of researches have been carried out to investigate the lipid digestion of emulsions using in-vitro models such as simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) that mimic the biological conditions of human bodies because of the complexity of in vivo study. However, most studies have been conducted to study the effect of gastric or intestinal digestion using SGF or SIF, and the studies on the effect of sequential digestion of emulsions first in SGF and then in SIF have been very limited. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of in vitro digestion of emulsions sequentially in SGF and SIF on the physicochemical properties and lipolysis of emulsions. In this study, sodium caseinate, whey protein isolate (WPI) and Tween 20 were used as emulsifiers to prepare O/W emulsions (20% soy oil and 1% emulsifier). The mean particle size and particle size distribution, zeta potential and microstructure of freshly prepared emulsions were initially measured, and the changes in the physicochemical properties of emulsions occurring during digestion in SGF or SIF and sequentially in SGF and SIF were analysed. The hydrolysis of fatty acids from emulsified lipid core was also determined during digestion in SIF after gastric digestion. In acidic simulated gastric conditions (pH 1.6 and 3.2 mg/mL pepsin), sodium caseinate-stabilized emulsions showed extensive flocculation with some coalescence, resulting in change in the size and microstructure of the emulsions. In contrast, the emulsions stabilized with WPI or Tween 20 showed no pronounced changes over time during 2 hrs of gastric digestion. In simulated intestinal conditions (pH 7.5, bile salts and pancreatin), a massive coalescence by pancreatic lipase took place in both sodium caseinate and WPI-stabilized emulsions, leading to a pronounced increase and change in the droplet size and microstructures, whereas Tween 20- stabilized emulsions were relatively stable with much less droplet coalescence and size increase. After sequential digestion in SGF and SIF, protein-stabilized O/W emulsions showed more extensive aggregation and coalescence of droplets in comparison with their digestion in SIF only without gastric digestion, whereas Tween 20-stabilized emulsions were relatively stable with only some extent of coalescence after 2 hrs of its sequential digestion in SIF after SGF. The amounts of free fatty acids released in SIF after gastric digestion were similar between three types of emulsions and were not affected significantly by the gastric digestion prior to the intestinal digestion. The overall results indicated that the digestion…

Subjects/Keywords: Oil-in-water emulsions; Emulsions; Digestion; Gastrointestinal tract

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, L. (2012). In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions. (Masters Thesis). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3751

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Limin. “In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Massey University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3751.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Limin. “In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Li L. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Massey University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3751.

Council of Science Editors:

Li L. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of oil-in-water emulsions. [Masters Thesis]. Massey University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/3751

Ohio University

8. Tang, Xuanping. Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering (Engineering and Technology), 2011, Ohio University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304638556

► Internal corrosion is one of the most common problems within the transportation pipelines of the oil and gas industry. Water wetting is one of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Chemical Engineering; contact angle; corrosion; crude oil; oil-water flow; steel surface; water wetting

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tang, X. (2011). Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow. (Doctoral Dissertation). Ohio University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304638556

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tang, Xuanping. “Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Ohio University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304638556.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tang, Xuanping. “Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tang X. Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Ohio University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304638556.

Council of Science Editors:

Tang X. Effect of Surface State on Water Wetting and Carbon Dioxide Corrosion in Oil-water Two-phase Flow. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Ohio University; 2011. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304638556

Penn State University

9. Sheehan, James. Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water.

Degree: 2019, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/16617jds574

► Environmental consequences instigated by the industrial reliance on petroleum and natural gas as feedstocks for producing commodity chemicals and fuels has motivated scientific research into… (more)

▼ Environmental consequences instigated by the industrial reliance on petroleum and natural gas as feedstocks for producing commodity chemicals and fuels has motivated scientific research into developing environmentally benign chemical processes for valorizing cultivated biomass (e.g., microalgae) and low-value, organic wastes. High temperature water offers a combination of attractive solvation and catalytic properties for transforming wet biomass into industrially appealing liquid products such as energy-dense bio-crude oils and nutrient-enriched aqueous-soluble products. Wet biomass such as microalgae, food waste, and sewage sludge, are rich in proteins and as such, elucidating the chemical transformations of proteins in high temperature water is necessary for optimizing process viability. In this dissertation, the reactions of proteins in high temperature water are elucidated by studying model compounds representative of proteins in biomass such as soy protein isolate (SPI), bovine serum albumin (BSA), tetra-alanine, and tryptophan. First, studies focusing on the hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of model proteins (e.g., SPI, BSA) into product fractions such as bio-crude oil, aqueous-soluble products, solids, and gaseous products are pursued. Optimal conditions for fast HTL (i.e., HTL under rapid heating conditions) of SPI lead to either high yields of bio-crude oil (~40 wt%) or abundant recovery of N as aqueous-soluble products (~80 mol% N). Further, detailed insights on the speciation of N-containing species in the aqueous-soluble products were identified through investigating the HTL of BSA. Mild temperatures (200 °C) and long batch holding times (60 min) resulted with high yields of peptides (~50 wt%) while more severe conditions (400 °C, 60 min) lead to the production of amines and ammonia. Under all conditions, the yields of amino acids were less than 6 wt%. Elucidating the fundamental reactions and chemical kinetics of protein-related compounds was pursued by investigating tetra-alanine, a tetra-peptide, and tryptophan, an amino acid, in hot, compressed liquid water. pH influenced the reaction selectivity of tetra-alanine under hydrothermal conditions with aminolysis into alanine anhydride and di-alanine being predominant under near neutral conditions while hydrolysis prevailed under alkaline conditions. Further, the highest yields of alanine (30 mol%) were achieved under highly alkaline conditions. Tryptophan under hydrothermal conditions had six primary reaction pathways, several of which lead to the formation of derivatives of indole that partition into bio-crude oil. The formation of indole derivatives is consequential to the quality of bio-crude oil as the removal of N from the pyrrolic ring requires intense catalytic upgrading. Reaction networks were developed for both species through analyzing delplots. The proposed chemical kinetics models successfully captured the experimentally observed trends for both species and Arrhenius parameters were estimated from fitting the models to experimental data. Advisors/Committee Members: Phillip E Savage, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Phillip E Savage, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Robert Rioux, Committee Member, Andrew Zydney, Committee Member, Caroline Elaine Clifford, Outside Member.

Subjects/Keywords: High temperature water; Biomass Conversion; Hydrothermal Reactions; Proteins; Bio-crude oil

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sheehan, J. (2019). Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/16617jds574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sheehan, James. “Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water.” 2019. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/16617jds574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sheehan, James. “Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water.” 2019. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sheehan J. Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/16617jds574.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sheehan J. Reactions of Proteins in High Temperature Water. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2019. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/16617jds574

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado School of Mines

10. Webb, Eric B. Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions.

Degree: PhD, Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2014, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/362

► Solid structures known as natural gas hydrates can form in subsea pipelines, hindering and sometimes blocking flow completely. A knowledge of the flow properties of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: hydrates; colloids; crude oil; emulsion; flow assurance; rheology; Rheology; Natural gas – Hydrates; Hydrates; Emulsions – Testing; Methane; Slurry; Rheometers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Webb, E. B. (2014). Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/362

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Webb, Eric B. “Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/362.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Webb, Eric B. “Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions.” 2014. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Webb EB. Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/362.

Council of Science Editors:

Webb EB. Rheology of methane hydrate slurries formed from water-in-oil emulsions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/362

University of Alberta

11. Hou, Jun. Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production.

Degree: MS, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, 2012, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4m90dw25m

► Recently, a commercially available biodegradable polymer, ethyl cellulose (EC) has been found to be effective in destabilizing water-in-diluted bitumen emulsions. In this study, the role… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Ethylcellulose, bitumen recovery; demulsification; bitumen recovery; water-in-oil emulsions

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hou, J. (2012). Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4m90dw25m

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hou, Jun. “Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production.” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4m90dw25m.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hou, Jun. “Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hou J. Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4m90dw25m.

Council of Science Editors:

Hou J. Role of Biodegradable Ethyl Cellulose in Bitumen Production. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2012. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4m90dw25m

12. Wassell, Paul. A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Chester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10034/311252

► This study (Wassell & Young 2007; Wassell et al., 2010a) shows that behenic (C22:0) fatty acid rich Monoacylglycerol (MAG), or its significant inclusion, has a… (more)

▼ This study (Wassell & Young 2007; Wassell et al., 2010a) shows that behenic (C22:0) fatty acid rich Monoacylglycerol (MAG), or its significant inclusion, has a pronounced effect on crystallisation (Wassell et al., 2010b; 2012; Young et al., 2008) and interfacial kinetics (3.0; 4.0). New interfacial measurements demonstrate an unusual surface-interactive relationship of long chain MAG compositions, with and without Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate (PGPR). A novel MAG synthesised from Moringa oleifera Triacylglycerol (TAG) influenced textural behaviour of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions and anhydrous TAG systems (4.0: 5.0; 6.0). Emulsifier mixtures of PGPR and MAG rich in C18:1 / 18:2 and C16:0 / C18:0 do not decrease interfacial tension compared with PGPR alone. Only those containing MAG with significant proportion of C22:0 impacted interfacial behaviour. A mixture of C22:0 based MAG and PGPR results with decreasing tension from ~20°C and is initially dominated by PGPR, then through rearrangement, the surface is rapidly dominated by C22:0 fatty acids. A Moringa oleifera based MAG showed unusual decreased interfacial behaviour not dissimilar to PGPR. All other tested MAG (excluding a C22:0 based MAG), irrespective of fatty acid composition resulted with high interfacial tension values across the measured temperature spectrum (50°C to 5°C). A relative decrease of interfacial tension, with decreased temperature, was greater, the longer the chain length (Krog & Larsson 1992). Moreover, results from bulk and interfacial rheology showed that the presence of C22:0 based MAG has a pronounced effect on both elastic modulus (G’) and viscous modulus (G’’). Through a multidisciplinary approach, results were verified in relevant product applications. By means of ultrasonic velocity profiling with pressure difference (UVP-PD) technique, it was possible to examine the effect of a C22:0 based MAG in an anhydrous TAG system whilst in a dynamic non-isothermal condition (3.0). The non-invasive UVP-PD technique conclusively validated structural events. The application of a Moringa oleifera based MAG in low TAG (35% - 41%), W/O emulsions, results in high emulsion stability without a co-surfactant (PGPR). The bi-functional behaviour of Moringa oleifera based MAG is probably attributed to miscibility (Ueno et al., 1994) of its fatty acids, ranging ~30% of saturated fatty acids (SAFA), with ~70% of C18:1 (5.0). It is concluded that the surface-interactive behaviour of Moringa oleifera based MAG, is attributed to approximately 10% of its SAFA commencing from C20:0. When examined separately and compared, results showed that physical effect of a Moringa oleifera based MAG was not dissimilar to PGPR, influencing the crystallisation kinetics of the particular anhydrous TAG system. When either was combined with a C22:0 rich MAG, enhanced gelation onset and strong propensity to form dendrite structure occurred (5.0). Macrobeam and synchrotron radiation microbeam small angle x-ray diffraction (SR-μ-SAXD) was utilized (6.0) to assess behavior of C22:0 rich…

Subjects/Keywords: 547; fatty acid rich Monoacylglycerol; water-in-oil emulsions

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wassell, P. (2013). A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Chester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10034/311252

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wassell, Paul. “A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Chester. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/311252.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wassell, Paul. “A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wassell P. A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Chester; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10034/311252.

Council of Science Editors:

Wassell P. A multidisciplinary approach to structuring in reduced triacylglycerol based systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Chester; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10034/311252

Louisiana State University

13. Lemelle, Kendall Ray. Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach.

Degree: MSCE, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2012, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04232012-164221 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3179

► This study was developed to determine the distribution and fate of crude oil spilled from the Deepwater Horizon oil rig starting on April 24, 2010.… (more)

▼ This study was developed to determine the distribution and fate of crude oil spilled from the Deepwater Horizon oil rig starting on April 24, 2010. Crude oil from this spill contaminated portions of Fourchon Beach, Louisiana which was the study site for this thesis. Understanding the fate processes that affect crude oil once it’s released is important because the compounds that comprise oil can be hazardous to humans and wildlife. Composite and small surface residual ball (SSRB) samples were collected from the supratidal zone of Fourchon Beach and analyzed for PAHs and alkanes. Alkane concentrations decreased significantly over time, while PAH concentrations demonstrated little to no signs of degradation. High dynamic resolution images of the sampling areas from the supratidal zone were analyzed for distribution of oil using advanced image processing and 16 of the 36 sampling areas had a 1% or greater coverage of oil. The oil coverage data based on image analysis was tested for statistical normality, log normality, and gamma distribution. The data failed both the normality and log normality tests, but passed the gamma distribution test resulting in a mean of 3.2% and 0.6% and standard error of 1.1% and 0.2% in Zones 3 and 2 respectively. SSRB, buried oil, and tarball samples were collected from the intertidal zone of Fourchon Beach. SSRB concentrations from the intertidal zone showed minor decrease over 4 months of sampling. However, total PAHs and total alkanes in SSRBs from intertidal zone were significantly lower when compared against SSRBs in the supratidal zone. Buried oil samples collected closest to the shoreline and those taken on the later sampling dates had a lower concentration of PAHs and alkanes than those collected at earlier sampling dates and further away from the shoreline. Tarball samples collected in the intertidal zone demonstrated decreasing concentrations of PAHs and alkanes over the course of the sampling dates. These results indicate that degradation of crude oil at Fourchon Beach is occurring, but future sampling needs to occur at Fourchon Beach to determine the long term impacts of the oil deposited there.

Subjects/Keywords: crude oil spills

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lemelle, K. R. (2012). Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04232012-164221 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3179

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lemelle, Kendall Ray. “Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. etd-04232012-164221 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3179.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lemelle, Kendall Ray. “Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lemelle KR. Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: etd-04232012-164221 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3179.

Council of Science Editors:

Lemelle KR. Biodegradation and distribution of crude oil sampled at Fourchon Beach. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2012. Available from: etd-04232012-164221 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/3179

Penn State University

14. Walavalkar, Ajey Y. COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER.

Degree: 2008, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/5844

► Burning of spilled oil on the ocean surface or in-situ combustion is one of the techniques used in oil spill clean up operations. With the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Crude Oil Emulsions; Oil Spill; Oil Spill Modeling; In-situ Combustion

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Walavalkar, A. Y. (2008). COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/5844

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walavalkar, Ajey Y. “COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER.” 2008. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/5844.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walavalkar, Ajey Y. “COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER.” 2008. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Walavalkar AY. COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/5844.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Walavalkar AY. COMBUSTION OF WATER-IN-OIL EMULSIONS OF DIESEL AND FRESH AND WEATHERED CRUDE OILS FLOATING ON WATER. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/5844

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

15. Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro.

Degree: Master, Pharmacy, 2014, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT)

URL: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215057-13575 ;

►

Tyrimo tikslas – sumodeliuoti a/v emulsinę sistemą su linų sėmenų aliejumi ir biofarmaciniu tyrimu in vitro nustatyti sistemos sudėties ir vaisto formos įtaką modelinės hidrofilinės… (more)

▼

Tyrimo tikslas – sumodeliuoti a/v emulsinę sistemą su linų sėmenų aliejumi ir biofarmaciniu tyrimu in vitro nustatyti sistemos sudėties ir vaisto formos įtaką modelinės hidrofilinės medžiagos išsiskyrimui iš a/v emulsinės sistemos. Tyrimo uždaviniai: nustatyti linų sėmenų aliejui reikalingą HLB skaičių ir sumodeliuoti a/v emulsinę sistemą; sumodeliuoti a/v emulsinę sistemą, kai aliejinė fazė – linų sėmenų aliejus ir ištirti fizikocheminius rodiklius; nustatyti modeliuojamos emulsinės sistemos stabilumą po 1 mėnesio pagal įvertintus fizikocheminius rodiklius; įterpti modelinę medžiagą – askorbo rūgštį į sumodeliuotą emulsinę sistemą ir ištirti askorbo rūgšties išsiskyrimą iš emulsinės sistemos tyrimu in vitro per pusiau pralaidžią membraną. Atlikus tyrimus nustatyta, kad linų sėmenų aliejui reikalingas HLB skaičius a/v emulsijai yra 7,51. Tirtos emulsinės sistemos, kurių aliejinė fazė: 20%, 30%, 50% ir 60% linų sėmenų aliejus, vandeninė terpė: išgrynintas vanduo, 0,5% ir 1% chitozano tirpalas ir 20% nuo aliejinės fazės emulsiklių spano 80 ir tvino 80 mišinys. Nustatyta, kad linų sėmenų aliejus ir chitozano tirpalas didina emulsijų klampumą, o chitozano tirpalas didina emulsijų rūgštingumą taip stabilizuodamas emulsijas ir suteikdamas dermatologiniams preparatams pageidaujamą rūgštinę pH reikšmę bei užlaikantis emulsijų išsisluoksniavimą. Sumodeliuota ir atrinkta a/v emulsinė sistema, kurios aliejinė fazė 50 proc. linų sėmenų aliejus, o vandeninė terpė 1 proc. chitozano... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Purpose of the research – design oil-in-water emulsion system with linseed oil and in vitro biopharmaceutical research determine system composition and drug form influence on hydrophilic agent release from o/w emulsion system. Task of the research: determine linseed oil required HLB value and design o/w emulsion system; design o/w emulsion system, when oil phase – linseed oil and study physico – chemical properties; establish emulsion system stability after 1 month by physico – chemical properties; incorporate ascorbic acid in emulsion system and investigate ascorbic acid release from emulsion system research in vitro through semi – permeable membrane. Studies showed that the required HLB of linseed oil for o/w emulsion is 7,51. Investigated emulsion systems, which oil phase was 20%, 30%, 50% and 60% linseed oil, aqueous phase – purified water, 0,5% and 1% chitosan solution also emulsifiers span 80 and tween 80 concentration was 20% by weight of the oil phase. It is established that linseed oil and chitosan solution also increase emulsions viscosity and delay emulsions creaming. Also chitosan solution increase emulsions acidity, stabilizes them and provide desired acid pH for dermatological preparations. Desighed and selected o/w emulsion system, which oil phase is 50% linseed oil, aqueous phase 1% chitosan solution according to microstucture, viscosity and pH value. This emulsion stayed stable during 1 month storage. Studies also showed that hydrophilic agent – ascorbic acid... [to full text]

Advisors/Committee Members: Inkėnienė, Asta Marija (Master’s thesis supervisor), Pečiūra, Rimantas (Master’s thesis reviewer), Savickienė, Nijolė (Master’s degree committee chair), Janulis, Valdimaras (Master’s degree committee member), Ivanauskas, Liudas (Master’s degree committee member), Savickas, Arūnas (Master’s degree committee member), Briedis, Vitalis (Master’s degree committee member), Jakštas, Valdas (Master’s degree committee member), Drakšienė, Gailutė (Master’s degree committee member), Radžiūnas, Raimondas (Master’s degree committee member), Skyrius, Vaidas (Master’s degree committee member), Barsteigienė, Zita (Master’s degree committee member), Marksienė, Rūta (Master’s degree committee member), Brusokas, Valdemaras (Master’s degree committee member), Ževžikovas, Andrėjus (Master’s degree committee member), Vitkevičius, Konradas (Master’s degree committee member), Gumbrevičius, Gintautas (Master’s degree committee member), Ragažinskienė, Ona (Master’s degree committee member), Maruška, Audrius (Master’s degree committee member), Martinėnas, Žydrūnas (Master’s degree committee member), Kuncaitė, Giedrė (Master’s degree committee member), Zulanienė, Eglė Audronė (Master’s degree committee member), Jakubauskas, Mindaugas (Master’s degree committee member), Budrikienė, Aušra (Master’s degree committee member), Marcinkevičienė, Rasa (Master’s degree committee member), Balanaškienė, Rima (Master’s degree committee member), Dagilytė, Audronė (Master’s degree session secretary).

Subjects/Keywords: (a/v) emulsinės sistemos; Linų sėmenų aliejus; Modeliavimas; Oil-in-water emulsions; Linseed oil; Modeling

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. (2014). Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro. (Masters Thesis). Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT). Retrieved from http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215057-13575 ;

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. “Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT). Accessed January 26, 2021. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215057-13575 ;.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. “Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro.” 2014. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT); 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215057-13575 ;.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Council of Science Editors:

Lukoševičiūtė, Sabina. Aliejus vandenyje (a/v) emulsinės sistemos su linų sėmenų aliejumi modeliavimas ir biofarmacinis tyrimas in vitro. [Masters Thesis]. Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT); 2014. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140618_215057-13575 ;

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Massey University

16. Ma, Sihan. Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies.

Degree: Master of Food Technology, 2018, Massey University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15206

► Oil bodies are organelles in plant that store triacylglycerol (TAG) in plants. Some oil bodies exhibit remarkable physical and chemical stability to against coalescence and… (more)

▼ Oil bodies are organelles in plant that store triacylglycerol (TAG) in plants. Some oil bodies exhibit remarkable physical and chemical stability to against coalescence and lipid oxidation due to their unique interfacial layer. These interfacial biomaterials present themselves as ideal materials for encapsulation and have potential applications in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. This study compared the emulsifying properties of biomaterials obtained from coconut oil body membrane (COBM) and coconut skimmed milk extracts (CSME) and investigated the structure of resulting COBM and CSME emulsions. Coconut oil body membrane (COBM) and coconut skimmed milk extracts (CSME) were extracted from freshly prepared coconut milk (around 20%, w/w, fat). The properties of CSME and COBM such as solubility, isoelectric pH and their ability to reduce the interfacial tension between water and soybean oil was characterized by tensionmeter. The CSME and COBM (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%, w/w, final protein concentration) were used for preparing soybean oil-in-water emulsions (20%, w/w) by microfluidizer. The physicochemical characteristics of the CSME and COBM emulsions at different pH (2-8) and NaCl (0-500 mM) conditions were investigated by using dynamic light scattering techniques and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) was used to characterize the proteins composition of the 2 extracts (CSME and COBM) and the proteins composition of droplet interfacial proteins of CSME and COBM emulsions. To investigate the surface composition of CSME and COBM emulsions, the surface of the droplet of CSME and COBM emulsions was perturbed by the enzymes pepsin, trypsin and phospholipase A2 (PLA2), separately. The SDS-PAGE analysis of two extracts showed distinct differences in the protein composition of CSME and COBM. The isoelectric points of CSME and COBM solutions were between pH 4 and 5. Both extracts lowered the interfacial tension between water and oil but the extent of decrease in surface tension was greater for COBM than that for CSME, indicating that COBM was more surface active than CSME. The particle size of CSME emulsion decreased with an increase in protein concentration, while the effect of protein concentration on particle size was less pronounced in COBM emulsions. Compared with CSME emulsion, COBM emulsion had a smaller particle size with less degree of flocculation and was more stable during storage. These results suggest that COBM had the better emulsifying capacity than CSME. The CLSM images revealed that the droplet surface of CSME and COBM emulsions consisted of both protein and phospholipids. Both pepsin and phospholipase A2 treatment of CSME and COBM emulsions lead to the coalescence, which indicates the possible droplet interfacial layer structures of CSME and COBM emulsions are similar, that both phospholipids and protein sequences with aromatic and hydrophobic residues present at the interface. The SDS-PAGE analysis of the droplet surface…

Subjects/Keywords: Coconut oil; Emulsions

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ma, S. (2018). Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies. (Masters Thesis). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15206

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ma, Sihan. “Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Massey University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15206.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ma, Sihan. “Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ma S. Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Massey University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15206.

Council of Science Editors:

Ma S. Emulsifying properties of interfacial components of coconut oil bodies. [Masters Thesis]. Massey University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/15206

Vilnius University

17. Andreikėnaitė, Laura. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels.

Degree: PhD, Ecology and Environmental Studies, 2010, Vilnius University

URL: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153642-57785 ;

►

Aquatic ecosystems are still being polluted with crude oil and other technogenic contaminants. In order to evaluate genotoxic and cytotoxic impact of this pollutants, micronucleus… (more)

▼

Aquatic ecosystems are still being polluted with crude oil and other technogenic contaminants. In order to evaluate genotoxic and cytotoxic impact of this pollutants, micronucleus test and analysis of the other nuclear abnormalities is rather frequently being used. The main objective of the study is assessment of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects in different fish and bivalves exposed to the crude oil and other technogenic contaminants discharged from the several oil platforms (Statfjord B, Oseberg C, Minija). Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in cells of mussels and fish caged in different oil platforms (Ekofisk, Statfjord B) field zones in situ. The study results provide new information about environmental geno-cytotoxicity in oil platforms field zones. The peculiarities of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in fish and mussels after experimental treatment with crude oil from the North Sea oil platforms and Minija well in Lithuania and other technogenic contaminants (produced water, mixtures of PAHs, alkylphenols and heavy metals) were assessed. There were determined time-tissue-species-concentration-related relationships in induction of nuclear abnormalities in studied fish and mussels. The study results revealed usefulness of genotoxicity endpoints, as well as cytotoxicity endpoints for the evaluation of damage, caused by the contamination discharged from the marine oil... [to full text]

Į vandens ekosistemas patenka dideli kiekiai žaliavinės naftos bei naftos išgavimo technologinių procesų metu susidarančių teršalų. Šiame darbe analizuotas Šiaurės jūroje veikiančių naftos platformų (Statfjord B, Oseberg C), Barenco jūroje išgaunamos arktinės bei Lietuvoje esančio Minijos naftos gręžinio žaliavinės naftos, taip pat skirtingų gamybinių vandenų atskiedimų, įvairių poliaromatinių angliavandenilių ir alkilfenolių bei sunkiųjų metalų mišinių genotoksinis (pagal mikrobranduolių ir branduolio pumpurų dažnius) bei citotoksinis (pagal fragmentuotų-apoptozinių ir dvibranduolių ląstelių dažnius) poveikis skirtingų rūšių moliuskų ir žuvų ląstelėse. Taikant aktyvaus monitoringo metodą nustatytas Statfjord B ir Ekofisk naftos platformų aplinkos genotoksiškumas ir citotoksiškumas in situ. Šio darbo tyrimų rezultatai suteikė naujos informacijos apie naftos platformų aplinkos geno-citotoksiškumą, taip pat skirtingose platformose išgaunamos žaliavinės naftos, gamybinių vandenų, įvairių alkilfenolių, sunkiųjų metalų mišinių geno-citotoksinį poveikį vandens organizmams. Atlikti tyrimai leido įvertinti genotoksiškumo ir citotoksiškumo dėsningumus skirtingose organizmų grupėse ir jų audiniuose. Eksperimentų metu nustatyta skirtingų žaliavinės naftos, alkilfenolių, sunkiųjų metalų mišinių skirtingų koncentracijų, ekspozijos laiko bei geno-citotoksiškumo indukcijos priklausomybė. Darbe aprašyti metodai gali būti sėkmingai naudojami monitoringe kaip ankstyvieji biožymenys įvairių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Advisors/Committee Members: Būda, Vincas (Doctoral dissertation committee chair), Šyvokienė, Janina (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Paulauskas, Algimantas (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Sruoga, Virginijus (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Butkauskas, Dalius (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Slapšytė, Gražina (Doctoral dissertation opponent), Sruoga, Aniolas (Doctoral dissertation opponent), Sanni, Steinar (Doctoral dissertation advisor), Baršienė, Janina (Doctoral dissertation supervisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Genotoxicity; Cytotoxicity; Crude oil; Produced water; Heavy metals; Genotoksiškumas; Citotoksiškumas; Nafta; Gamybiniai vandenys; Sunkieji metalai

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, L. (2010). Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vilnius University. Retrieved from http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153642-57785 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, Laura. “Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Vilnius University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153642-57785 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, Laura. “Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Andreikėnaitė L. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vilnius University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153642-57785 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Andreikėnaitė L. Genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of contaminants discharged from the oil platforms in fish and mussels. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vilnius University; 2010. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153642-57785 ;

Vilnius University

18. Andreikėnaitė, Laura. Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse.

Degree: Dissertation, Ecology and Environmental Studies, 2010, Vilnius University

URL: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153656-69839 ;

►

Į vandens ekosistemas patenka dideli kiekiai žaliavinės naftos bei naftos išgavimo technologinių procesų metu susidarančių teršalų. Šiame darbe analizuotas Šiaurės jūroje veikiančių naftos platformų (Statfjord… (more)

▼

Į vandens ekosistemas patenka dideli kiekiai žaliavinės naftos bei naftos išgavimo technologinių procesų metu susidarančių teršalų. Šiame darbe analizuotas Šiaurės jūroje veikiančių naftos platformų (Statfjord B, Oseberg C), Barenco jūroje išgaunamos arktinės bei Lietuvoje esančio Minijos naftos gręžinio žaliavinės naftos, taip pat skirtingų gamybinių vandenų atskiedimų, įvairių poliaromatinių angliavandenilių ir alkilfenolių bei sunkiųjų metalų mišinių genotoksinis (pagal mikrobranduolių ir branduolio pumpurų dažnius) bei citotoksinis (pagal fragmentuotų-apoptozinių ir dvibranduolių ląstelių dažnius) poveikis skirtingų rūšių moliuskų ir žuvų ląstelėse. Taikant aktyvaus monitoringo metodą nustatytas Statfjord B ir Ekofisk naftos platformų aplinkos genotoksiškumas ir citotoksiškumas in situ. Šio darbo tyrimų rezultatai suteikė naujos informacijos apie naftos platformų aplinkos geno-citotoksiškumą, taip pat skirtingose platformose išgaunamos žaliavinės naftos, gamybinių vandenų, įvairių alkilfenolių, sunkiųjų metalų mišinių geno-citotoksinį poveikį vandens organizmams. Atlikti tyrimai leido įvertinti genotoksiškumo ir citotoksiškumo dėsningumus skirtingose organizmų grupėse ir jų audiniuose. Eksperimentų metu nustatyta skirtingų žaliavinės naftos, alkilfenolių, sunkiųjų metalų mišinių skirtingų koncentracijų, ekspozijos laiko bei geno-citotoksiškumo indukcijos priklausomybė. Darbe aprašyti metodai gali būti sėkmingai naudojami monitoringe kaip ankstyvieji biožymenys įvairių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Aquatic ecosystems are still being polluted with crude oil and other technogenic contaminants. In order to evaluate genotoxic and cytotoxic impact of this pollutants, micronucleus test and analysis of the other nuclear abnormalities is rather frequently being used. The main objective of the study is assessment of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects in different fish and bivalves exposed to the crude oil and other technogenic contaminants discharged from the several oil platforms (Statfjord B, Oseberg C, Minija). Environmental genotoxicity and cytotoxicity was evaluated by measuring the frequencies of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities in cells of mussels and fish caged in different oil platforms (Ekofisk, Statfjord B) field zones in situ. The study results provide new information about environmental geno-cytotoxicity in oil platforms field zones. The peculiarities of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity in fish and mussels after experimental treatment with crude oil from the North Sea oil platforms and Minija well in Lithuania and other technogenic contaminants (produced water, mixtures of PAHs, alkylphenols and heavy metals) were assessed. There were determined time-tissue-species-concentration-related relationships in induction of nuclear abnormalities in studied fish and mussels. The study results revealed usefulness of genotoxicity endpoints, as well as cytotoxicity endpoints for the evaluation of damage, caused by the contamination discharged from the marine oil... [to full text]

Advisors/Committee Members: Būda, Vincas (Doctoral dissertation committee chair), Šyvokienė, Janina (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Paulauskas, Algimantas (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Sruoga, Virginijus (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Butkauskas, Dalius (Doctoral dissertation committee member), Slapšytė, Gražina (Doctoral dissertation opponent), Sruoga, Aniolas (Doctoral dissertation opponent), Sanni, Steinar (Doctoral dissertation advisor), Baršienė, Janina (Doctoral dissertation supervisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Genotoksiškumas; Citotoksiškumas; Nafta; Gamybiniai vandenys; Sunkieji metalai; Genotoxicity; Cytotoxicity; Crude oil; Produced water; Heavy metals

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, L. (2010). Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vilnius University. Retrieved from http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153656-69839 ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, Laura. “Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Vilnius University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153656-69839 ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Andreikėnaitė, Laura. “Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Andreikėnaitė L. Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vilnius University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153656-69839 ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Andreikėnaitė L. Naftos platformų taršos genotoksinio ir citotoksinio poveikio įvertinimas žuvų ir moliuskų ląstelėse. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vilnius University; 2010. Available from: http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20101102_153656-69839 ;

19. Luzinova, Yuliya. Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2010, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41156

► A number of MIR sensing platforms and methods were developed in this research work demonstrating potential applicability of MIR spectroscopy for studying hydrocarbon systems in… (more)

▼ A number of MIR sensing platforms and methods were developed in this research work demonstrating potential applicability of MIR spectroscopy for studying hydrocarbon systems in extreme environments. First of all, the quantitative determination of the diamondoid compound adamantane in organic media utilizing IR-ATR spectroscopy at waveguide surfaces was established. The developed analytical strategy further enabled the successful detection of adamantane in real world crude oil samples. These reported efforts provide a promising outlook for detection and monitoring of diamondoid constituents in naturally occurring crudes and petroleum samples. IR-ATR spectroscopy was further utilized for evaluating and characterizing distribution, variations, and origin of carbonate minerals within sediment formations surrounding a hydrocarbon seep site - MC 118 in the Gulf of Mexico. An analytical model for direct detection of 13C-depleted authigenic carbonates associated with cold seep ecosystems was constructed. Potential applicability of IR-ATR spectroscopy as direct on-ship - and in future in situ - analytical tool for characterizing hydrocarbon seep sites was demonstrated. MIR evanescent field absorption spectroscopy was also utilized to expand the understanding on the role of surfactants during gas hydrate formation at surfaces. This experimental method allowed detailed spectroscopic observations of detergent-related surface processes during SDS mediated gas hydrate formation. The obtained IR data enabled proposing a mechanism by which SDS decreases the induction time for hydrate nucleation, and promotes hydrate formation. Potential of MIR fiberoptic evanescent field spectroscopy for studying surface effects during gas hydrate nucleation and growth was demonstrated. Next, quantifying trace amounts of water content in hexane using MIR evanescent field absorption spectroscopy is presented. The improvement in sensitivity and of limit of detection was obtained by coating an optical fiber with layer of a hydrophilic polymer. The application of the polymer layer has enabled the on-line MIR detection of water in hexane at low ppm levels. These results indicate that the MIR evanescent filed spectroscopy method shows potential for in-situ detection and monitoring of water in industrial oils and petroleum products. Finally, quantification of trace amounts of oil content in water using MIR evanescent field absorption spectroscopy is reported. Unmodified and modified with grafted hydrophobic polymer layer silver halide optical fibers were employed for the measurements. The surface modification of the fiber has enabled the on-line MIR analysis of crude oil in water at the low ppb level. Potential application of MIR fiber-optic evanescent field spectroscopy using polymer modified waveguides toward in-situ low level detection of crude oil in open waters was demonstrated. Advisors/Committee Members: Boris Mizaikoff (Committee Chair), Thomas Orlando (Committee Co-Chair), Facundo Fernandez (Committee Member), Jiri Janata (Committee Member), Oliver Brand (Committee Member), Seong-Soo Kim (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: MIR spectroscopy; IR-ATR spectroscopy; Diamondoids; Gas hydrates; Water-crude oil emulsions; MIR sensing platforms; Hydrocarbons; Infrared detectors; Infrared technology

…spectra of (a.) water and crude oil, (b.) hexane and crude oil. 176 Figure… …0.01 %) in hexane. 190 Figure 7.1: Overlap of IR-ATR spectra of water and crude oil… …205 Figure 7.2: Unmodified fiber. (a.) IR spectra of crude oil content in water… …fiber has enabled the on-line MIR analysis of crude oil in water at the low ppb level… …deeper sediment depth to the sediment–water interface 21 . Natural gas and crude oil…

10 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Luzinova, Y. (2010). Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41156

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Luzinova, Yuliya. “Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41156.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Luzinova, Yuliya. “Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Luzinova Y. Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41156.

Council of Science Editors:

Luzinova Y. Mid-infrared sensors for hydrocarbon analysis in extreme environments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41156

Penn State University

20. Zhou, Lisa. Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions.

Degree: 2013, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17582

► Polyphenols are widely regarded as antioxidants, due in large part to their free radical scavenging activities and their ability to disrupt radical chain propagation. Besides… (more)

▼ Polyphenols are widely regarded as antioxidants, due in large part to their free radical scavenging activities and their ability to disrupt radical chain propagation. Besides the anticipated antioxidant activity in foods, polyphenols are also attractive ingredients for their potential health benefits after consumption. However, recent studies have demonstrated that the oxidation of some phenolic compounds result in the generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a precursor for the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (•OH), which can potentially compromise the oxidative stability of foods and beverages. Due to conflicting results regarding phenolic effects on lipid oxidation in the literature, I surveyed the effects of pH (2-7) and phenolic concentration (0-500 M) on the generation of lipid oxidation markers in flaxseed emulsions to determine conditions for future oxidation studies. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, was used as the model polyphenol in all oxidation studies. A low pH (2-4) resulted in pro-oxidant activity, while higher pH values (5-7) resulted in a net antioxidant activity. Higher EGCG concentrations (100, 500 M) also showed the largest changes in lipid oxidation markers compared to the no EGCG controls after 96 h. Disrupting redox cycling by metal chelation may be a viable solution for controlling metal-catalyzed phenolic oxidation, since redox cycling of transition metals is essential for the metal to exert a catalytic function. I added the iron chelators, EDTA and 2,2- bipyridine (BPY) to hexadecane emulsions containing EGCG (400 M) and Fe3+ (25 M) at pH 3 and pH 7 to determine their effects on EGCG oxidation and the resulting ROS produced in the absence of an oxidatively labile lipid. I then repeated the studies in flaxseed emulsions to determine the effect on lipid oxidation. At neutral pH, EDTA accelerated EGCG oxidation and hydroxyl radical (•OH) formation. BPY treatment slightly slowed EGCG oxidation compared to EGCG-only samples, though both treatments showed H2O2 accumulation and very slow •OH radical generation. Even with rapid •OH radical formation in EDTA treatments, all EGCG-containing samples showed antioxidant activity at neutral pH. Conversely, at acidic pH, EDTA strongly inhibited EGCG oxidation and •OH radical formation resulting in strong antioxidant activity in preventing flaxseed emulsion oxidation, while EGCG readily oxidized in BPY and EGCG-only treatments, leading to rapid •OH radical generation, and increased lipid oxidation in flaxseed emulsions. Though EDTA showed promising results by preventing phenolic and lipid oxidation at acidic pH, EDTA may cause problems at neutral pH by accelerating phenolic loss even if no increased lipid oxidation occurs. Proteins may be another viable solution in inhibiting increased lipid oxidation by scavenging the H2O2 generated from metal-catalyzed phenolic oxidation, prior to •OH radical formation. We show that casein (CAS) and whey protein isolate (WPI) readily scavenge H2O2 in emulsions. However,… Advisors/Committee Members: Ryan John Elias, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Joshua D Lambert, Committee Member, John Coupland, Committee Member, Ming Tien, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Food oil-in-water emulsions; polyphenols; (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate; EGCG; hydrogen peroxide; protein oxidation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhou, L. (2013). Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhou, Lisa. “Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions.” 2013. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhou, Lisa. “Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhou L. Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17582.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhou L. Elucidation of pro-oxidant mechanisms of the bioactive polyphenol, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, in food emulsions. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2013. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/17582

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Houston

21. -7177-2727. Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension.

Degree: MS, Chemical Engineering, 2016, University of Houston

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3204

► Emulsifiers have been extensively studied for various applications, the most common of which is possibly enhanced oil recovery (EOR). The use of polymer-grafted nanoparticles as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Polymers; Nanoparticles; Emulsions; Interfacial tension; Grafted; Alkane Oil; Water; Amphiphilic Block Copolymers; Lyophobic Blocks

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

-7177-2727. (2016). Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension. (Masters Thesis). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3204

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

-7177-2727. “Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Houston. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3204.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

-7177-2727. “Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

-7177-2727. Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Houston; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3204.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Council of Science Editors:

-7177-2727. Impact of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles on Interfacial Tension. [Masters Thesis]. University of Houston; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3204

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Massey University

22. Brown, Colin. Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods.

Degree: PhD, Bioprocess Engineering, 2012, Massey University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4197

► The shelf life of lipid based foods is often determined by the development of rancid flavours attributed to lipid oxidation reactions. These reactions are highly… (more)

▼ The shelf life of lipid based foods is often determined by the development of rancid flavours attributed to lipid oxidation reactions. These reactions are highly complicated and readily change when the reaction system is altered. As a result, researchers have struggled to make significant advances in their understanding of the mechanisms and rates of lipid oxidation. This thesis focuses on the generalised three step mechanism of lipid oxidation and develops understanding, through mathematical modelling exercises, about the factors that influence the rates of lipid oxidation. More specifically, this thesis focuses on bulk oils, bulk oils with added antioxidants, oil-in-water emulsions and the effects of oxygen supply and consumption rates in real food systems. For this thesis, methods were developed to identify and validate findings that suggest that lipid hydroperoxides are the rate defining reactant in lipid oxidation reactions. These methods were then used to measure the solubility of oxygen in oil and to define the role oxygen plays in determining the rates of lipid oxidation in a range of systems. The use of a newly developed batch oxidation apparatus led to the development and validation of models to predict the rates of oxygen consumption during oxidation. The model showed that the rates of oxygen consumption were half order with respect to the lipid hydroperoxide concentration. Through further validation experiments, it was shown that, during the initial stages of lipid oxidation before rancidity, each mole of lipid hydroperoxides formed required 5.04 moles of oxygen to be consumed when there was oxygen present. The same model and methods were then used to predict the changes in rates of lipid oxidation triggered by changes in reaction temperature. From this work, it was found that the Arrhenius law was capable of predicting the rates of oxygen consumption. The addition of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) to mixed fish oil samples brought with it a reduction in the rates of lipid oxidation, the magnitude of which was proportional to the concentration of BHA added. It was found that the inclusion of a modifier into the half order model was capable of predicting the rates of lipid oxidation when antioxidants were added. Methods to quantify the modifier were supplied for future use. The dilution of bulk oils by the formation of oil-in-water emulsions was also studied. It was found that the rates of lipid oxidation were proportional to the concentration of lipids in the emulsion. It was shown that the extent of oxidation during a batch oxidation was inversely proportional to the concentration of lipids in the emulsions as the aqueous phase acted as sump of oxygen for reaction in the oil droplets. Through modelling and short validation exercises, it was shown that changes to the surface area to volume ratio of oil droplets in emulsions had no effect on the rates of oxygen supply/lipid oxidation and that any effects noted in literature are likely to be the result of other surface active compounds. Finally, a…

Subjects/Keywords: Lipids; Lipid oxidation; Shelf life; Bulk oils; Oil-in-water emulsions; Oxidation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brown, C. (2012). Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods. (Doctoral Dissertation). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4197

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brown, Colin. “Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Massey University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4197.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brown, Colin. “Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods.” 2012. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Brown C. Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Massey University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4197.

Council of Science Editors:

Brown C. Advanced platform for shelf life extension in liquid foods. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Massey University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4197

23. Lopez, Yadira. Integrated processing for heavy crude oil.

Degree: 2015, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:267196

► Energy based on non-renewable resources such as gas, oil, coal and nuclear fission, even with their serious problems of pollution, contributes to 86% of the… (more)

▼ Energy based on non-renewable resources such as gas, oil, coal and nuclear fission, even with their serious problems of pollution, contributes to 86% of the global energy consumption. Oil will remain the dominant transport fuel: about 87% of transport fuel in 2030 will still be petroleum-based.Discoveries of conventional sources of light easy-to-access crude oil are becoming less common and current oil production levels are struggling to match demand, it is necessary to develop new non-conventional sources of oil in order to supplement conventional oil supply, whose demand is increasing continuously. A possible clue to solve this situation could be to take advantage of the extensive reserves of heavy crude oils existing in different places around the world, which could be an excellent source of more valuable hydrocarbons. In this context, some facilities called upgraders are used to process theses heavy crude oils to both increase the hydrogen-carbon ratio and improve their quality, reducing their density and decreasing their viscosity, sulphur, nitrogen and metals.The main objective in this work is to study the heavy crude oil upgrading processes in order to identify new operation schemes which explore different opportunities of integration between the upgraders and other processes or new schemes for upgraders that can sustain on its own through the production of a wide range of products.Each design alternative has been modelled with state-of-the-art commercial software packages. The crude oil dilution process was evaluated using naphtha and a light crude oil as diluents. Sensitivity analyses were done with the purpose of selecting the type and flow rate of diluent. Once the best diluent was selected, the integration of an upgrader to a refinery was studied. Heavy ends from both the upgrader and the refinery were taken as feedstocks to an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC). The best operation schemes for IGCC, in order to achieve the requirements of power and hydrogen for the upgrader and the refinery was determined. Different schemes for heavy crude oil processing to produce transportation fuel instead of syncrude were proposed, too. Finally, economic evaluation of all the schemes was performed to find the best solution for heavy crude oils. The best results for the dilution process of heavy crude oils were obtained when naphtha was used as diluent. The configuration proposed for the upgrader allows producing a synthetic crude oil with 35.5 °API. The integration of the upgrader to a refinery allows the treatment of the heavy streams of the refinery and transforms them into products of higher qualities. The integration of the IGCC to the upgrader and the refinery permits a complete elimination of the heavy residues produced in these units and produces hydrogen and power to be used in the site or to export. Economic evaluation shows that all the proposed processing schemes studied are economically attractive. The proposed processing schemes chosen include the integration between upgrader refinery and IGCC… Advisors/Committee Members: Sadhukhan, Jhuma.

Subjects/Keywords: Upgrading; Heavy crude oil; gasification

2 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lopez, Y. (2015). Integrated processing for heavy crude oil. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:267196

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lopez, Yadira. “Integrated processing for heavy crude oil.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:267196.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lopez, Yadira. “Integrated processing for heavy crude oil.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lopez Y. Integrated processing for heavy crude oil. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:267196.

Council of Science Editors:

Lopez Y. Integrated processing for heavy crude oil. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2015. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:267196

University of Manchester

24. Ledezma Martinez, Minerva. Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units.

Degree: 2019, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:320198

► Refining technology has evolved considerably over the last century in response to the need for more energy-efficient processes. Crude oil distillation is a complex and… (more)

▼ Refining technology has evolved considerably over the last century in response to the need for more energy-efficient processes. Crude oil distillation is a complex and energy-intensive process with a large number of degrees of freedom that interact. A crude oil distillation system comprises one or more complex distillation units with side strippers and pump-arounds, a preheat train (heat recovery system) and a furnace providing fired heating. In addition, pre-separation units may be introduced, where a preliminary separation of some low-boiling components is carried out at a relatively low temperature, reducing the high-temperature heating requirements of the process. Design of these complex, integrated systems is challenging due to a large number of degrees of freedom and process constraints involved. The high operating costs dominated by the need for fired heating in the furnace and the complexity of the crude oil distillation system motivates the development of systematic approaches for optimal system design. In this work, the design methodology is developed using simulation models in Aspen HYSYS v8.8; these models are linked to MATLAB R2016a through an interface that allows communication between the two software packages. A simulation file is created for two different configurations with and without a preflash unit upstream of the atmospheric column. Two optimisation-based design approaches are proposed, the first one extracts streams and column information needed to perform the optimisation directly from the simulation model in Aspen HYSYS while in the second approach, artificial neural networks (ANN) are developed to represent the distillation process. The scope of the methodology consists of finding optimal operating and structural conditions for the crude oil distillation system that minimises hot utility demand in the furnace accounting for product quality and yield. Current design systematic methods have not focused on the role of preflash units. The strong interactions between the crude oil distillation unit, the preflash unit, and the heat recovery system make this a challenging optimisation case, especially because both operational and structural variables are to be optimised simultaneously. Therefore, a stochastic optimisation method (a genetic algorithm) is applied. As the simulation-optimisation approach is computationally intensive, it motivates the use of surrogate models that have the advantage of performing the optimisation of the system in less time (i.e. 4-6 hours vs 1.6 hours). In industrial practice, heat integration is of prime importance for the energy-efficient operation of crude oil distillation systems. This work applies pinch technology using the grand composite curve to evaluate the minimum heating and cooling requirements for each converged simulation rather than addressing detailed aspects of design and costing of the heat recovery system so that no details about investment costs and the complexity of the heat recovery system are taken into account. The novel optimisation-based design… Advisors/Committee Members: SMITH, ROBIN R, Jobson, Megan, Smith, Robin.

Subjects/Keywords: Crude oil distillation; Preflash

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ledezma Martinez, M. (2019). Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:320198

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ledezma Martinez, Minerva. “Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:320198.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ledezma Martinez, Minerva. “Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units.” 2019. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ledezma Martinez M. Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:320198.

Council of Science Editors:

Ledezma Martinez M. Design of Crude Oil Distillation Systems with Preflash Units. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2019. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:320198

University of Ottawa

25. Feng, Yuchi. Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria .

Degree: 2015, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32580

► Crude oil leakages often give rise to in situ contamination with both oil and salt. In this study, the biodegradation of model alkanes and of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Salt; Biodegradation; Alkanes; Crude oil

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APA (6^th Edition):

Feng, Y. (2015). Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32580

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feng, Yuchi. “Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria .” 2015. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32580.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feng, Yuchi. “Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria .” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Feng Y. Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32580.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Feng Y. Effect of Salt on Biodegradation of Model Alkanes and Crude Oil Saturates by Hydrocarbon-degrading Bacteria . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32580

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Louisiana State University

26. Chebeir, Jorge Asis Charbel. Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty.

Degree: MSChE, Chemical Engineering, 2015, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-04082015-093405 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/31

► This research is focused on the modeling and optimization of the crude oil scheduling problem in order to generate the most appropriate schedule for the… (more)

▼ This research is focused on the modeling and optimization of the crude oil scheduling problem in order to generate the most appropriate schedule for the unloading, charging, blending, and movement of crude oil in a refinery, which means obtaining the schedule that generates the lowest costs. Uncertainty, which is often present in these types of optimization problems, is also analyzed and taken into account for the resolution of crude oil scheduling problem. A comprehensive novel model is proposed to describe the upper level crude oil scheduling problem, generate an optimal solution for the mentioned problem, and allow integration with the lower level production optimization problem of a refinery. This integration is possible due to the consideration of total flows of the different types of crude oil instead of flows of a particular key component in the crude oil to linearize the upper level problem and generate a less complex model. The proposed approach incorporates all the logistical costs including the sea waiting, unloading and inventory costs together with the costs associated with the transfer of crude oil from one to another entity. Moreover, this model also offers the possibility of considering multiple tank types including storage and blending tanks throughout the supply chain and the incorporation of the capability of storing more than one crude oil type in the storage tanks during the schedule horizon. A comparative analysis is performed against other models proposed and preliminary results of integration with a lower operational level are provided. In order to take into account the possibility of uncertainty or fuzziness in the scheduling problem, for the first time an approach is proposed to face the resolution of this problem in order to obtain a more realistic scheduling of the allocations of crude oil. Fuzzy linear programming theory is used here to represent this uncertainty in order to find an optimal solution that takes into account the lack of precise information on the part of the decision maker without losing the linearity of the original system. Uncertainty in the minimum demand to be satisfied in the distillation unit according to the necessities of the market and the lack of precise information about certain costs involved in the operations throughout the supply chain are separately considered. Among the different approaches utilized in fuzzy linear programming, the flexible programming or Zimmermann method and its extension to fuzziness in objective functions are implemented. A comparison between the two cases studied and the crisp model is performed with the aim of determining the effect of these uncertainties in the schedule of the crude oils movements between the different entities in the supply chain and the total cost generated.

Subjects/Keywords: uncertainty; integration; crude oil scheduling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chebeir, J. A. C. (2015). Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-04082015-093405 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/31

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chebeir, Jorge Asis Charbel. “Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. etd-04082015-093405 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/31.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chebeir, Jorge Asis Charbel. “Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chebeir JAC. Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: etd-04082015-093405 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/31.

Council of Science Editors:

Chebeir JAC. Modeling the Crude Oil Scheduling Problem with Integration with Lower Level Production Optimization and Uncertainty. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2015. Available from: etd-04082015-093405 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/31

Louisiana State University

27. Romaine, Zachary Joseph. Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach.

Degree: MS, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-11112016-102721 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4554

► Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April, 2010, hard structures were constructed to deter oil migration into sensitive marsh areas behind Fourchon Beach, LA… (more)

▼ Following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in April, 2010, hard structures were constructed to deter oil migration into sensitive marsh areas behind Fourchon Beach, LA These hard structures created conditions for accumulation and burial of oil across an 8 foot deep beach vertical profile. Buried oil persists in these areas due to anaerobic conditions of beach groundwater. The objectives of this thesis are to compare the rate and extent of biodegradation of 3-ring PAHs in crude oil deposits from the surface and subsurface, and to investigate effects on beach groundwater after introduction of O2. Field samples were removed from 2011-2016 from the area including oil samples from depth with a Geoprobe, oil-sand aggregates distributed over the surface of the beach, free oil floating on the groundwater surface and oil recovered during excavations used as part of response in 2013 and 2015. Weathering of PAHs was estimated based on ratios of alkylated phenanthrenes and dibenzothiophenes to poorly biodegradable chrysenes. The average weathering ratio was 0.731±0.22 for phenanthrenes and 0.48±0.22 for dibenzothiophenes. Results indicate that oil weathers significantly differently based on location in the beach vertical profile. Oil above the groundwater table was significantly more than buried oil below groundwater level. Oil above the groundwater table weathers up to 2 orders of magnitude faster than buried oil below groundwater level. A field trial of in situ biostimulation demonstrated the ability to amend groundwater with oxygen. Weathering of oil buried below the groundwater surface was seen. Terminal electron acceptors and nutrients were evaluated based on repetitive (pre and post oxygen introduction) groundwater analysis of O2, nitrate, nitrite, ferrous and ferric iron, sulfate, sulfide, ammonium, orthophosphate, pH and alkalinity. Results suggest that oxygenated groundwater is confined locally to emitter wells due to slow groundwater movement. Nutrient concentrations pH and temperature are sufficient for microbial function; however the hypersaline nature of the groundwater may limit microbe population.

Subjects/Keywords: Bioremediation; Crude oil; MC252; PAH

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Romaine, Z. J. (2016). Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-11112016-102721 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4554

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Romaine, Zachary Joseph. “Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. etd-11112016-102721 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4554.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Romaine, Zachary Joseph. “Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Romaine ZJ. Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: etd-11112016-102721 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4554.

Council of Science Editors:

Romaine ZJ. Spatial Biodegradation Of MC252 Crude Oil On A Coastal Headland Beach. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2016. Available from: etd-11112016-102721 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/4554

University of Manchester

28. Ledezma Martínez, Minerva. Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units.

Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-crude-oil-distillation-systems-with-preflash-units(94474bb8-aad3-4b85-bc44-8c8b436b8232).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791246

► Refining technology has evolved considerably over the last century in response to the need for more energy-efficient processes. Crude oil distillation is a complex and… (more)

▼ Refining technology has evolved considerably over the last century in response to the need for more energy-efficient processes. Crude oil distillation is a complex and energy-intensive process with a large number of degrees of freedom that interact. A crude oil distillation system comprises one or more complex distillation units with side strippers and pump-arounds, a preheat train (heat recovery system) and a furnace providing fired heating. In addition, pre-separation units may be introduced, where a preliminary separation of some low-boiling components is carried out at a relatively low temperature, reducing the high-temperature heating requirements of the process. Design of these complex, integrated systems is challenging due to a large number of degrees of freedom and process constraints involved. The high operating costs dominated by the need for fired heating in the furnace and the complexity of the crude oil distillation system motivates the development of systematic approaches for optimal system design. In this work, the design methodology is developed using simulation models in Aspen HYSYS v8.8; these models are linked to MATLAB R2016a through an interface that allows communication between the two software packages. A simulation file is created for two different configurations with and without a preflash unit upstream of the atmospheric column. Two optimisation-based design approaches are proposed, the first one extracts streams and column information needed to perform the optimisation directly from the simulation model in Aspen HYSYS while in the second approach, artificial neural networks (ANN) are developed to represent the distillation process. The scope of the methodology consists of finding optimal operating and structural conditions for the crude oil distillation system that minimises hot utility demand in the furnace accounting for product quality and yield. Current design systematic methods have not focused on the role of preflash units. The strong interactions between the crude oil distillation unit, the preflash unit, and the heat recovery system make this a challenging optimisation case, especially because both operational and structural variables are to be optimised simultaneously. Therefore, a stochastic optimisation method (a genetic algorithm) is applied. As the simulation-optimisation approach is computationally intensive, it motivates the use of surrogate models that have the advantage of performing the optimisation of the system in less time (i.e. 4-6 hours vs 1.6 hours). In industrial practice, heat integration is of prime importance for the energy-efficient operation of crude oil distillation systems. This work applies pinch technology using the grand composite curve to evaluate the minimum heating and cooling requirements for each converged simulation rather than addressing detailed aspects of design and costing of the heat recovery system so that no details about investment costs and the complexity of the heat recovery system are taken into account. The novel optimisation-based design…

Subjects/Keywords: Crude oil distillation; Preflash

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ledezma Martínez, M. (2019). Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-crude-oil-distillation-systems-with-preflash-units(94474bb8-aad3-4b85-bc44-8c8b436b8232).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791246

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ledezma Martínez, Minerva. “Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-crude-oil-distillation-systems-with-preflash-units(94474bb8-aad3-4b85-bc44-8c8b436b8232).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791246.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ledezma Martínez, Minerva. “Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units.” 2019. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ledezma Martínez M. Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-crude-oil-distillation-systems-with-preflash-units(94474bb8-aad3-4b85-bc44-8c8b436b8232).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791246.

Council of Science Editors:

Ledezma Martínez M. Design of crude oil distillation systems with preflash units. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2019. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/design-of-crude-oil-distillation-systems-with-preflash-units(94474bb8-aad3-4b85-bc44-8c8b436b8232).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.791246

Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte

29. Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .

Degree: 2008, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte

URL: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

► Cutting fluids are lubricants used in metal-mechanical industries. Their complex composition varies according to the type of operation carried out, also depending on the metals… (more)

▼ Cutting fluids are lubricants used in metal-mechanical industries. Their complex composition varies according to the type of operation carried out, also depending on the metals under treatment or investigation. Due to the high amount of mineral oil produced in Northeastern Brazil, we have detected the need to better use this class of material. In this work, two novel formulations have been tested, both based on naphthenic mineral oil and additives, such as: an emulsifying agent (A), an anticorrosion agent (B), a biocide (C) and an antifoam agent (D). Each formulation was prepared by mixing the additives in the mineral oil at a 700-rpm stirring velocity for 10 min, at 25°C, employing a 24 factorial planning. The formulations were characterized by means of density, total acid number (TAN), viscosity, flash point and anticorrosion activity. In a subsequent study, oil-in-water emulsions were prepared from these novel formulations. The emulsions were analyzed in terms of stability, corrosion degree, percentage of foam formation, conductivity, accelerated stability and particle size. The samples were appropriately labeled, and, in special, two of them were selected for featuring emulsion properties which were closer to those of the standards chosen as references (commercial cutting oils). Investigations were undertaken on the ability of NaCl and CaCl2 to destabilize the emulsions, at concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10%, at an 800-rpm stirring velocity for 5 min and temperatures of 25º, 40º, 50º and 60ºC. The recovered oils were chemically altered by reincorporating the same additives used in the original formulations, followed by preparation of emulsions with the same concentrations as those of the initial ones. The purpose was to assess the possibility of reusing the recovered oil. The effluents generated during the emulsion destabilization step were characterized via turbidity index, contents of oil and grease, pH, and contents of anions and cations, observing compliance with the parameters established by the current environmental legislation (Brazil s CONAMA 357/05 resolution). It could be concluded that the formulations presented excellent physicochemical properties as compared to commercial cutting fluids, showing that the quality of the newly-prepared fluids is superior to that of the formulations available in the market, enabling technically and environmentally-safe applications Advisors/Committee Members: Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro (advisor), CPF:07286937391 (advisor), http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783139Z0&dataRevisao=null (advisor), Moura, Everlane Ferreira (advisor), CPF:28929136320 (advisor), http://lattes.cnpq.br/5157139686256561 (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Emulsões O/A; Fluidos de corte; Base naftênica; Recuperação de Óleo; Oil-in-Water Emulsions; Cutting Fluids; Based naphthenic; Oil Recovery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Muniz, C. A. d. S. (2008). Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. “Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .” 2008. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. “Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .” 2008. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Muniz CAdS. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Muniz CAdS. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2008. Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte

30. Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .

Degree: 2008, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte

URL: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

► Cutting fluids are lubricants used in metal-mechanical industries. Their complex composition varies according to the type of operation carried out, also depending on the metals… (more)

▼ Cutting fluids are lubricants used in metal-mechanical industries. Their complex composition varies according to the type of operation carried out, also depending on the metals under treatment or investigation. Due to the high amount of mineral oil produced in Northeastern Brazil, we have detected the need to better use this class of material. In this work, two novel formulations have been tested, both based on naphthenic mineral oil and additives, such as: an emulsifying agent (A), an anticorrosion agent (B), a biocide (C) and an antifoam agent (D). Each formulation was prepared by mixing the additives in the mineral oil at a 700-rpm stirring velocity for 10 min, at 25°C, employing a 24 factorial planning. The formulations were characterized by means of density, total acid number (TAN), viscosity, flash point and anticorrosion activity. In a subsequent study, oil-in-water emulsions were prepared from these novel formulations. The emulsions were analyzed in terms of stability, corrosion degree, percentage of foam formation, conductivity, accelerated stability and particle size. The samples were appropriately labeled, and, in special, two of them were selected for featuring emulsion properties which were closer to those of the standards chosen as references (commercial cutting oils). Investigations were undertaken on the ability of NaCl and CaCl2 to destabilize the emulsions, at concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10%, at an 800-rpm stirring velocity for 5 min and temperatures of 25º, 40º, 50º and 60ºC. The recovered oils were chemically altered by reincorporating the same additives used in the original formulations, followed by preparation of emulsions with the same concentrations as those of the initial ones. The purpose was to assess the possibility of reusing the recovered oil. The effluents generated during the emulsion destabilization step were characterized via turbidity index, contents of oil and grease, pH, and contents of anions and cations, observing compliance with the parameters established by the current environmental legislation (Brazil s CONAMA 357/05 resolution). It could be concluded that the formulations presented excellent physicochemical properties as compared to commercial cutting fluids, showing that the quality of the newly-prepared fluids is superior to that of the formulations available in the market, enabling technically and environmentally-safe applications Advisors/Committee Members: Dantas, Tereza Neuma de Castro (advisor), CPF:07286937391 (advisor), http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783139Z0&dataRevisao=null (advisor), Moura, Everlane Ferreira (advisor), CPF:28929136320 (advisor), http://lattes.cnpq.br/5157139686256561 (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Emulsões O/A; Fluidos de corte; Base naftênica; Recuperação de Óleo; Oil-in-Water Emulsions; Cutting Fluids; Based naphthenic; Oil Recovery

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Muniz, C. A. d. S. (2008). Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . (Doctoral Dissertation). Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. “Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .” 2008. Doctoral Dissertation, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muniz, Cláudia Alves de Sousa. “Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado .” 2008. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Muniz CAdS. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688.

Council of Science Editors:

Muniz CAdS. Novas formulações de fluidos de corte: otimização, propriedades e recuperação do óleo usado . [Doctoral Dissertation]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2008. Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/17688

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