You searched for subject:(Visual attention).
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University of Edinburgh
1.
McGarity, Alex.
Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection.
Degree: 2008, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2913 
► Literature has suggested that attentional selection of objects or visual space for perception and action may share a common attentional mechanism and that selecting an…
(more)
▼ Literature has suggested that attentional selection of objects or
visual space for perception and action may share a common attentional mechanism and that selecting an object or region of
visual space for one purpose obligatorily couples selection for the other. Previous experimental paradigms demonstrate only that coupling is evident when selection for perception is preceded by a target being selected for action. Two experimental paradigms in which participants made fast manual pointing movements following the correct identification of either a discrimination cue or a peripheral onset sought to investigate coupling of attentional selection where selection for perception preceded section for action. In these dual-task paradigms, participants’ efficiency in making fast visuomotor correction to a displacement of the pointing targets was used as an indicator for determining the focus of dorsal
attention for action. The cueing for perceptual
attention had no significant effect on the correction efficiencies or other kinematic variables of pointing movements. The findings suggest evidence against coupling of selection for action following a requirement to select an object or area for perception and in its conclusions this study proposes that selection for perception may follow selection for action but the same results cannot be reproduced vice versa.
Advisors/Committee Members: McIntosh, Robert.
Subjects/Keywords: Visual Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
McGarity, A. (2008). Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2913
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
McGarity, Alex. “Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection.” 2008. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2913.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
McGarity, Alex. “Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection.” 2008. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
McGarity A. Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2913.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
McGarity A. Automatic visuomotor corrections: Implications for attentional selection. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2913
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Oxford
2.
Thomas, Sally.
Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Oxford
URL: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d3f49d7f-77e6-4b6b-b1a1-15e6020d7fae
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.780796
► Attention is the mechanism that enables us to process the sensory information most relevant to our current goals. As our most dominant sense, the way…
(more)
▼ Attention is the mechanism that enables us to process the sensory information most relevant to our current goals. As our most dominant sense, the way in which we attend to the visual environment is a highly important and highly researched topic (Sperling, 1960; Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974; Posner, 1980). One such method of examining visual attention is using a visual search task, where participants must locate a specified target amid distractors and their reaction times and accuracy are recorded (Treisman & Gelade, 1980; Duncan & Humphreys, 1989; Wolfe, Cave & Franzel, 1989) to gain an understanding of how attention can be guided through an array of items. Using a particular variant of the visual search task known as preview search (Watson & Humphreys, 1997), the purpose of this thesis is to extend our understanding of visual attention by examining how and if we can ignore stimuli known to be irrelevant, and if prior knowledge and expectation can guide attention effectively. Chapter 1 examines the effect of a concurrent task on performance, and suggests the timing of a concurrent task as well as the modality impact the efficiency of search. Chapters 2 and 3 examine the role of prior knowledge and expectation on search and show that the usefulness of expectation depends on the type of prior knowledge (e.g. a property or the location of the stimuli). Chapter 4 examines the role of emotion and whether a negative face can be ignored, with the results suggesting preferential selection of faces viewed face-on, rather than in profile. Results of the experiments are discussed in relation to theories of preview search.
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Visual Attention; Preview search; Visual marking
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APA (6th Edition):
Thomas, S. (2019). Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d3f49d7f-77e6-4b6b-b1a1-15e6020d7fae ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.780796
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Thomas, Sally. “Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oxford. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d3f49d7f-77e6-4b6b-b1a1-15e6020d7fae ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.780796.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Thomas, Sally. “Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Thomas S. Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d3f49d7f-77e6-4b6b-b1a1-15e6020d7fae ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.780796.
Council of Science Editors:
Thomas S. Searching over time : a study of attention using preview search. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oxford; 2019. Available from: http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d3f49d7f-77e6-4b6b-b1a1-15e6020d7fae ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.780796
University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh
3.
Drew, Anthony P.
The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation.
Degree: MS-Psychology Cognitive and Affective Science, 2015, University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh
URL: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/74267
► A Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science-Psychology Cognitive and Affective Science
The N2pc ERP component has…
(more)
▼ A Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science-Psychology Cognitive and Affective Science
The N2pc ERP component has been associated with the deployment of visual attention to regions in visual space (Luck & Hillyard, 1994a, Luck & Hillyard, 1994b). Several hypotheses have been advanced regarding what specific aspect of spatially deployed attention the N2pc reflects (Luck & Hillyard, 1994b; Kiss, Velzen, & Eimer, 2008; Tan & Wyble, 2014). One such hypothesis posits that the component reflects the localization of, or orientation to, relevant information in space in preparation of enhancement of sensory processing. In support of this hypothesis, previous research has demonstrated that the N2pc component is eliminated for a target if this target follows a second target in the same location, as a second localization process is unnecessary (Tan & Wyble, 2014). Other research provides evidence that is incongruent with the localization hypothesis. Specifically, a cue that precedes a target in the same location does not eliminate the N2pc for that target, as is predicted by the localization hypothesis (Kiss, Velzen, & Eimer, 2008). However, this study used a cue that was presented 700ms prior to the onset of target information, which may be too large of a temporal window as suggested by contemporary models of attention (Wyble, Bowman, & Nieuwenstein, 2009). The current study tested this localization hypothesis by using a cue within the time course of theoretical models of attention (Wyble, Bowman, & Nieuwenstein, 2009; Olivers & Meeter, 2008; Nakayama & Mackeben, 1989). Analyses revealed that the N2pc elicited by a single target embedded in a stream of distractors is eliminated when preceded by a cue occurring 100ms prior to the target. These results support the hypothesis that the N2pc is elicited by, or after the process of localizing relevant visual information.
Advisors/Committee Members: Karst, Aaron.
Subjects/Keywords: Visual perception; Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Drew, A. P. (2015). The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation. (Masters Thesis). University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh. Retrieved from http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/74267
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Drew, Anthony P. “The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/74267.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Drew, Anthony P. “The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Drew AP. The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/74267.
Council of Science Editors:
Drew AP. The time course of attentional selection : an ERP investigation. [Masters Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh; 2015. Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/74267
University of Edinburgh
4.
Welensky, Zachary.
The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes.
Degree: 2008, University of Edinburgh
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2901
► Eye movements during real-world scene viewing have been shown to be influenced by two main mechanisms of attention allocation: bottom-up and top-down. The exact effect…
(more)
▼ Eye movements during real-world scene viewing have been shown to be influenced by two main mechanisms of
attention allocation: bottom-up and top-down. The exact effect each mechanism has on
attention allocation is the focus of much debate, however, the use of eye-trackers has allowed progress towards a more comprehensive understanding. Here we utilise the Itti and Koch (2000) model of saliency-based search to manipulate a critical object within forty-eight real-world images. In doing so, we aim to analyse the effect of
visual saliency on
attention allocation during real-world scene viewing and active search. To examine the effect of
visual saliency and task demands on
attention allocation we recorded the time taken to first fixate on a critical object within each scene, as well as first fixation durations and average saccade amplitudes. In addition, semantic congruence of the critical object was manipulated in 50% of the real-world images. Results from two experiments indicate that task demands significantly influence time taken to first fixate on the critical object. Contrary to previous research, it was observed that
attention allocation during real-world scene viewing is guided predominately by higher level cognitive factors. Conversely,
attention allocation during active search was influenced predominately by low-level
visual features. Interactions of saliency and semantic congruence were also observed. Together these results suggest that a single
attention allocation mechanism is not sufficient to explain the diversity of eye movement patterns recorded and that additional research is required to fully understand the factors influencing
attention allocation during real-world scene viewing and active search.
Advisors/Committee Members: Henderson, John.
Subjects/Keywords: visual attention; eye tracking
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APA (6th Edition):
Welensky, Z. (2008). The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2901
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Welensky, Zachary. “The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes.” 2008. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2901.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Welensky, Zachary. “The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes.” 2008. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Welensky Z. The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2901.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Welensky Z. The effect of task demands and artificially manipulated object salience on visual attention in real world scenes. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2901
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Alberta
5.
Senzaki, Sawa.
Why culture influences eye movements?.
Degree: MS, Department of Psychology, 2011, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2r36tx58v
► Previous works suggest that North Americans perceive visual information more analytically while East Asians perceive visual information more holistically. However, salient objects are also known…
(more)
▼ Previous works suggest that North Americans perceive
visual information more analytically while East Asians perceive
visual information more holistically. However, salient objects are
also known to naturally attract human attention. Current studies
examined to what extent culture influences visual attention. Study
1 demonstrated that highly salient objects attract passive viewers’
attention similarly across North American and East Asian cultures.
In study 2, however, we revealed that such strong tendency for
humans can be influenced by culture when people actively engaged in
the observation. When participants were asked to report their
observation, Canadian participants predominantly reported
information regarding focal objects whereas Japanese participants
also reported much information regarding contextual features.
Consistently, culturally divergent patterns of eye movements were
observed. The current study thus indicates that the active
involvement in observation is especially important to understand
the influence of culture on visual attention.
Subjects/Keywords: visual attention; culture; eye movements
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APA (6th Edition):
Senzaki, S. (2011). Why culture influences eye movements?. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2r36tx58v
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Senzaki, Sawa. “Why culture influences eye movements?.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2r36tx58v.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Senzaki, Sawa. “Why culture influences eye movements?.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Senzaki S. Why culture influences eye movements?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2r36tx58v.
Council of Science Editors:
Senzaki S. Why culture influences eye movements?. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2011. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/2r36tx58v
Vanderbilt University
6.
Fintzi, Anat Rina.
Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2016, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13469
► A long-standing debate is whether awareness is dissociable from attention. Previous work in support of a dissociation between stimulus-driven attention and awareness has used spatial-cueing…
(more)
▼ A long-standing debate is whether awareness is dissociable from
attention. Previous work in support of a dissociation between stimulus-driven
attention and awareness has used spatial-cueing paradigms. A critical review of these previous works show that they either had logical shortcomings or did not meet conditions of complete perceptual unawareness. One study, however, met all criteria for conclusive evidence of stimulus-driven
attention in the absence of awareness (Mulckhuyse et al., 2007). Here, I experimentally replicated their findings. However, when parsing out the data in a cue-localization drive, an alternative explanation for their findings can be evoked without appealing to the deployment of stimulus-driven
attention without awareness. Instead, it is possible that differential awareness of cues across experimental conditions may be sufficient to explain the claims of stimulus-driven
attention without awareness in this prior work. Taken together with my critical review of the literature, my findings lead me to conclude that there is currently no compelling evidence that stimulus-driven
attention can occur without awareness of the
attention-capturing stimulus.
Advisors/Committee Members: Geoffrey Woodman (committee member), Rene Marois (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: exogenous attention; visual cognition; awareness
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APA (6th Edition):
Fintzi, A. R. (2016). Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fintzi, Anat Rina. “Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?.” 2016. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fintzi, Anat Rina. “Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Fintzi AR. Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13469.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Fintzi AR. Is there stimulus-driven attention without awareness?. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13469
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Texas A&M University
7.
Suh, Youngbo.
Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens.
Degree: PhD, Industrial Engineering, 2018, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173678
► Touchscreens are widely used in interface designs, with the benefits of ease of use and flexibility in interaction design. However, visual attention is essential to…
(more)
▼ Touchscreens are widely used in interface designs, with the benefits of ease of use and flexibility in interaction design. However,
visual attention is essential to touchscreen interaction, which results in frequent reorientation of
attention in multitask contexts and thus leads to task interferences. This visually-demanding nature of touchscreens can expose operators to safety risks in certain domains, such as in driving. In this regard, earlier studies have attempted to address
visual distraction potential related to in-vehicle touchscreens. Nevertheless, road traffic statistics show that in-vehicle touchscreens are still contributing to a considerable number of crashes each year.
This dissertation aims to investigate and design means to offload
visual demands of touchscreen interaction in complex, data-rich environments, focusing on driving as the application domain. The research tested the configurations of an in-vehicle touchscreen, concerning feedback modality and control size. Vertical locations of this secondary interface were also examined in terms of distraction effects. Preliminary design efforts evaluated the practicality of a symbolic encoding method using vibrotactile beats.
A novel interface design, Nonvisual Aids for Touchscreen Experience (NATE), primarily employs distributed tactile cues that are proximal to operators but physically separated from a touchscreen device. This method involves presenting vibratory cues to the back of operators, and each cue is spatially mapped to each touchscreen control. NATE allows operators to bind those multiple stimuli to perform touchscreen interaction via nonvisual channels. An evaluation study was conducted in a simulated environment, comparing measures in driving performance, glance behavior, and perceived workload between an ordinary touchscreen and NATE-based touchscreen applications. The driving scenarios were based on the Lane Change Test procedure established by the ISO standard.
The findings indicate that the application of NATE to in-vehicle touchscreen designs significantly reduced
visual distraction and improved performance in vehicle operation. However, performance measures on a touchscreen task suggest limitations. This body of research provides inputs to the design community of in-vehicle touchscreens, focusing on offloading
visual demands of drivers. Theoretical contributions include a deeper understanding of glance behavior, which can inform models of human behavior in multitask contexts.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ferris, Thomas K (advisor), Sasangohar, Farzan (advisor), Banerjee, Amarnath (committee member), Smith, Steven M (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Visual Attention; Driving; Touchscreens
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APA (6th Edition):
Suh, Y. (2018). Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173678
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Suh, Youngbo. “Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173678.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Suh, Youngbo. “Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Suh Y. Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173678.
Council of Science Editors:
Suh Y. Supporting Visual Attention Management of Drivers Interacting with In-Vehicle Touchscreens. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas A&M University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/173678
Université Catholique de Louvain
8.
Alamia, Andrea.
Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers.
Degree: 2017, Université Catholique de Louvain
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/187768
► The work aims at investigating unconscious processing in the human brain. It is composed by an introduction (chapter I), the experimental section composed by four…
(more)
▼ The work aims at investigating unconscious processing in the human brain. It is composed by an introduction (chapter I), the experimental section composed by four studies (chapters II to V) and the discussion/conclusion. The introduction consists of two parts: the first one provides an overview of unconscious processes from a critical perspectives, whereas the second part presents an overview about physiological mechanisms driving the pupillary response and its relationship with unconscious cognitive mechanisms. The main core of the thesis is the experimental part, composed of 4 studies. The first study introduces a novel framework to reliably study unconscious processing, addressing the main criticisms discussed in the first part of the introduction. The second and third study exploit this novel framework to investigate the relationship between unconscious learning and overt visual attention. Finally, the last study reveals how pupillary responses can be used to track statistical implicit learning, suggesting that pupil dilates at the occurrence of unconscious surprising events. The conclusion of the thesis contextualizes the finding in the literature and discusses the main limitations.
(BIFA - Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques) – UCL, 2017
Advisors/Committee Members: UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - Faculté de pharmacie et des sciences biomédicales, Mouraux, André, Zénon, Alexandre, Orban de Xivry, Jean Jacques, Missal, Marcus, Vanduffel, Wim, de Lange, Floris.
Subjects/Keywords: Unconscious learning; Visual attention; Pupillometry
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APA (6th Edition):
Alamia, A. (2017). Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers. (Thesis). Université Catholique de Louvain. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/187768
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Alamia, Andrea. “Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers.” 2017. Thesis, Université Catholique de Louvain. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/187768.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Alamia, Andrea. “Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers.” 2017. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Alamia A. Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers. [Internet] [Thesis]. Université Catholique de Louvain; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/187768.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Alamia A. Unconscious learning : behavioral evidence, relationship with attention and physiological markers. [Thesis]. Université Catholique de Louvain; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2078.1/187768
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
George Mason University
9.
Fedota, John R.S.
Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
.
Degree: 2011, George Mason University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/6349
► Cognitive control seeks to limit the conflict created by simultaneous activation of alternative cognitive representations. Conflict monitoring is theorized to be the first of a…
(more)
▼ Cognitive control seeks to limit the conflict created by simultaneous activation of alternative cognitive representations. Conflict monitoring is theorized to be the first of a two-step cognitive control process. Conflicting representations activate control, which then mitigates the consequences of conflict through compensatory attentional allocations. While the current literature has localized these conflict monitoring processes to the medial frontal cortex, the types of conflict that activate the circuit remain unclear.
The three experiments of this dissertation were designed to explore the relationship between conflict instantiated at different levels of information processing and the medial frontal cortex conflict monitoring circuit. The use of modified Eriksen flanker stimuli, psychophysically tuned to each participant, allowed for the controlled elicitation of both response conflict and stimulus uncertainty. By monitoring the behavioral and electrophysiological responses to both types of conflict during a given trial as well as on
a trial-to-trial basis, these studies serve to better characterize both medial frontal cortex mediated conflict monitoring and
visual cortex mediated attentional biasing.
Results showed that stimulus uncertainty and response conflict have dissociable, but related effects on conflict monitoring processes. However, the sensitivity of conflict monitoring processes to stimulus uncertainty requires careful quantification of the amount of uncertainty instantiated, an aspect overlooked in prior studies. Trial-to-trial findings showed a relationship between response conflict processing and stimulus uncertainty processing such that prior exposure to either type of conflict facilitated the subsequent performance of a response conflict inducing task. This facilitation occurs via top-down influences on sensory processing following exposure to stimulus uncertainty.
This modulation provides empirical evidence of a biologically plausible mechanism linking cognitive control and biased competition of
attention allocation. In addition, these findings suggest a modification of current conflict monitoring theory to include multiple, related conflict monitoring sub processes as opposed to a single executive monitor. These results fit within the framework previously established that implicates the medial frontal cortex in higher-level decision tasks while expanding the empirical proof to lower-level cognitive processes as well as increasing the temporal resolution of the associated processing.
Advisors/Committee Members: Parasuraman, Raja (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Conflict;
Cognitive Control;
Visual Attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Fedota, J. R. S. (2011). Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
. (Thesis). George Mason University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1920/6349
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fedota, John R S. “Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
.” 2011. Thesis, George Mason University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1920/6349.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fedota, John R S. “Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Fedota JRS. Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
. [Internet] [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/6349.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Fedota JRS. Stimulus and Response-Related Conflict Processing in the Human Brain
. [Thesis]. George Mason University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1920/6349
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Victoria University of Wellington
10.
Beintmann, Marie-Louise.
The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention.
Degree: 2013, Victoria University of Wellington
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/3204
► Research using mood induction (Wapner, Werner & Krus, 1957) or positive/negative word stimuli, (Meier & Robinson, 2004) as well as studies using participants pre-existing neurotic/depressive…
(more)
▼ Research using mood induction (Wapner, Werner & Krus, 1957) or positive/negative word stimuli, (Meier & Robinson, 2004) as well as studies using participants pre-existing neurotic/depressive symptoms (Meier & Robinson, 2006) have documented the ability of emotional stimuli and states to shift
attention upwards (positive emotion) or downwards (negative emotion) in space. This study aimed to investigate whether this impact of emotion on vertical
attention extended to briefly presented facial expressions. A within-subjects, modified version of Meier and Robinson’s (2004) Study 2 formed the design for these experiments. Experiments 1- 4 tested the ability of arrows, shapes and emotional facial expressions to shift vertical
attention. Results indicate that for both schematic (Exp.2) and real (Exp. 4) faces, positive valence (happy expression) shifted
attention upwards, but there was no evidence of the negative valence (sad expression) shifting
attention downwards, giving partial support to the conceptual metaphor theory. No evidence of positive valence broadening - or negative valence narrowing - vertical
attention was found in support of Fredrickson’s broaden-and-build theory (Exps.2 & 4). The current research has provided partial further support for the conceptual metaphor theory and advanced knowledge in the area of emotion and vertical
attention using pictorial stimuli such as facial expressions. It also provides some direction for future research in this area, highlighting key issues to be resolved.
Advisors/Committee Members: McDowall, John.
Subjects/Keywords: Facial expressions; Attention; Visual perception
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APA (6th Edition):
Beintmann, M. (2013). The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/3204
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Beintmann, Marie-Louise. “The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10063/3204.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Beintmann, Marie-Louise. “The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention.” 2013. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Beintmann M. The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/3204.
Council of Science Editors:
Beintmann M. The Effect of Valenced Facial Expressions on Vertical Selective Attention. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/3204
University of Houston
11.
-2928-5516.
Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).
Degree: PhD, Psychology, Developmental, 2016, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1543
► The present study investigated the relationship between visual working memory (VWM) and visual selective attention in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) either at…
(more)
▼ The present study investigated the relationship between
visual working memory (VWM) and
visual selective
attention in survivors of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) either at high-risk or low-risk for neurocognitive impairments based on their treatment regimen and non-cancer controls. Previous investigations of neurocognitive impairments in survivors of pediatric ALL have employed broad-based measures of functioning whereas the present study utilized standard experimental measures that are sensitive to specific spatial and feature-based aspects of VWM and
visual selective
attention. A dual-task paradigm, combining a VWM task and a flanker task, assessing
visual selective
attention, was used. Participants ran in 6 dual-task conditions that varied in VWM feature/task (color, shape, location) and of the flanker feature/task (color, shape). Participants also ran in 3 single-task VWM control conditions and 2 single-task flanker conditions. Results reveal maintenance of information in VWM is susceptible to interference from the concurrent
visual selective
attention task for all three groups. VWM storage estimates, k, were shown to decrease when a VWM task was preceded by a
visual selective
attention task compared to a single VWM task. These interference effects were also found to be feature specific for all groups. For the
visual selective
attention tasks, both high and low-risk groups had lower performances on flanker tasks than non-cancer controls when collapsing across condition (single-task vs. dual-task). Only the low-risk group appeared to be susceptible to interference from a concurrent VWM task, with flanker effects (difference between incongruent and congruent reaction times) varying across conditions (single-task vs. dual-task). Thus, survivors of pediatric ALL are comparable with non-cancer controls in how
visual selective interferes with WVM; however,
visual selective
attention for only the low-risk group was affected by VWM.
Advisors/Committee Members: Breitmeyer, Bruno G. (advisor), Fletcher, Jack M. (committee member), Yoshida, Hanako (committee member), Raghubar, Kimberly P. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Visual working memory; Visual attention; Pediatric cancer
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APA (6th Edition):
-2928-5516. (2016). Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1543
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-2928-5516. “Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1543.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-2928-5516. “Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL).” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-2928-5516. Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1543.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-2928-5516. Visual Working Memory and Visual Selective Attention among Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1543
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of Aberdeen
12.
Ritchie, Kay Laird.
Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain.
Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Aberdeen
URL: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152307690005941
;
https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569597
► The studies presented in this thesis address current issues in visual attention and awareness research. The first three experimental chapters investigate saccadic remapping of location…
(more)
▼ The studies presented in this thesis address current issues in visual attention and awareness research. The first three experimental chapters investigate saccadic remapping of location and orientation information, with a particular focus on saccadic remapping in hemianopia. The results suggest that residual visual abilities in the blind field are necessary in order for a stimulus to be remapped from the blind to the sighted visual field. The results also suggest that remapping underpins our ability to maintain attention at specific spatiotopic locations across a series of saccades. Further evidence from both hemianopic and neurologically intact participants suggest that some orientation information is remapped across saccades. The second three experimental chapters investigate binocular rivalry in previously unstudied paradigms. The results show that the established face dominance and emotion dominance effects in binocular rivalry persist when the stimuli are viewed in peripheral vision. The results also suggest that a stable image presented in the opposite hemifield from the rival pair does not affect the perceived dominance of the separate images within the rival pair, but that the percepts in the rival pair tend to synchronise with those of a second rival pair presented in the opposite hemifield. Using Diaz-Caneja stimuli (half of each image presented to each eye) the results of the final experiments suggest a combination of eye- and object-dominance mechanisms in binocular rivalry in both the intact and the split-brain.
Subjects/Keywords: 150; Visual perception; Attention; Visual pathways
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APA (6th Edition):
Ritchie, K. L. (2012). Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Aberdeen. Retrieved from https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152307690005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569597
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ritchie, Kay Laird. “Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Aberdeen. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152307690005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569597.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ritchie, Kay Laird. “Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ritchie KL. Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152307690005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569597.
Council of Science Editors:
Ritchie KL. Visual attention and awareness : lessons from the damaged and intact brain. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Aberdeen; 2012. Available from: https://eu03.alma.exlibrisgroup.com/view/delivery/44ABE_INST/12152307690005941 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.569597
University of Sydney
13.
Kong, Garry.
An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
.
Degree: 2016, University of Sydney
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16326
► Visual search is an everyday task, defined as the search for a target amongst distractors. Visual search has historically been thought to reflect primarily early…
(more)
▼ Visual search is an everyday task, defined as the search for a target amongst distractors. Visual search has historically been thought to reflect primarily early perceptual processes, with little influence of cognitive processes. However, recent research suggests that this is an artefact of the simple stimuli typically used in the field. In this thesis, I will use the genetic algorithm to study visual search for complex stimuli. In part 1, I use the genetic algorithm to investigate a display comprised of 119 distractors, each with an orientation, colour and size. Results suggest that distractors differing in colour but sharing orientation with the target facilitated performance. This result is not predicted by common visual search models, posing an external validity problem for experiments using simple stimuli. Part 2 examines the processes behind visual search for colour, using displays that took advantage of colour labelling. The results show that it is only possible to search optimally when the target can be easily encoded in language. Further experimentation shows that priming a colour target that cannot be easily encoded in language then allows for optimal search, indicating that a top-down mechanism not based in language is used in search for colour. In part 3, we study linear separability, where search for a target is difficult if it is presented with distractors with more of a feature and other distractors with less of that same feature. We systematically varied the orientation of the target and the distractors, finding two independent measures of performance. One measure was correlated with bottom-up ability, while the other was correlated with the top-down ability. In the final chapter, I discuss the results of the three parts in the context of search for complex, heterogeneous displays. I speculate on the nature of the top-down mechanism, and offer directions for future research.
Subjects/Keywords: visual search;
genetic algorithm;
visual cognition;
attention
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APA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kong, G. (2016). An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
. (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16326
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kong, Garry. “An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
.” 2016. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16326.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kong, Garry. “An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Kong G. An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16326.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Kong G. An Investigation of Complex Visual Search With The Genetic Algorithm
. [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16326
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of California – Irvine
14.
Winter, Amy Nicole.
Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm.
Degree: Psychology, 2017, University of California – Irvine
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1707c8z7
► While the visual search task has been instrumental in the study of feature-based attention (i.e., how attentional mechanisms increase the salience of relevant features), no…
(more)
▼ While the visual search task has been instrumental in the study of feature-based attention (i.e., how attentional mechanisms increase the salience of relevant features), no single methodology can tell the whole story. This dissertation investigates the contributions that a complementary methodology, the centroid task, can make to our understanding of feature-based attention. The first chapter directly compares the search and centroid tasks. It replicates the expected search results, finding that performance is always worse for conjunctive targets than it is for feature targets. However, it reports a different pattern of centroid results: conjunctive target centroid judgments can actually outperform constituent-feature centroid judgments. The second chapter examines the role of target-distractor similarity in centroid estimations. It finds that, given sufficiently salient feature contrasts, conjunctive target conditions are better than or equal to both constituent-feature conditions, suggesting that there is not necessarily any cost to conjunctive centroid judgments. The third chapter reviews an equisalience analysis of an 8-item centroid task and an analogous 2-item task. The different equisalience functions for the two tasks suggest that they access information differently. Together, these chapters provide compelling evidence that the centroid paradigm allows us to study aspects of feature-based attention that visual search cannot capture.
Subjects/Keywords: Psychology; centroid; feature-based attention; visual attention; visual search
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APA (6th Edition):
Winter, A. N. (2017). Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1707c8z7
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Winter, Amy Nicole. “Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1707c8z7.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Winter, Amy Nicole. “Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm.” 2017. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Winter AN. Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1707c8z7.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Winter AN. Visual Search Does Not Fully Characterize Feature-Based Selective Attention: Evidence from the Centroid Paradigm. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1707c8z7
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Vanderbilt University
15.
Arita, Jason Tadashi.
Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features.
Degree: MS, Psychology, 2012, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10926
► Theories of attention are compatible with the idea that we can bias attention to avoid selecting objects that have known nontarget features. Although this may…
(more)
▼ Theories of
attention are compatible with the idea that we can bias
attention to avoid selecting objects that have known nontarget features. Although this may underlie several existing phenomena, the explicit guidance of
attention away from known nontargets has yet to be demonstrated. Here we show that observers can use feature cues (i.e., color) to bias
attention away from nontarget items during
visual search. These negative cues were used to quickly instantiate a template for rejection that reliably facilitated search across the cue-to-search stimulus onset asynchronies (SOAs), although negative cues were not as potent as cues that guide
attention toward target features. Furthermore, by varying the search set size we show a template for rejection is increasingly effective in facilitating search as scene complexity increases. Our findings demonstrate that knowing what not to look for can be used to configure
attention to avoid certain features, complimenting what is known about setting
attention to select certain target features.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sean M. Polyn (committee member), Geoffrey F. Woodman (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: visual attention; working memory; memory template; visual search; attention
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to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Arita, J. T. (2012). Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10926
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Arita, Jason Tadashi. “Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features.” 2012. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10926.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Arita, Jason Tadashi. “Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Arita JT. Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10926.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Arita JT. Templates for rejection: Configuring attention to ignore task-irrelevant features. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/10926
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Florida Atlantic University
16.
Ray, Subhosit.
Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention.
Degree: MA, 2020, Florida Atlantic University
URL: http://fau.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fau:44446
► Spatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly,…
(more)
▼ Spatial-based attention is shown to vary in strength over short intervals of time. Whether object-based selection also has similar temporal variability is not known. Egly, Driver and Rafal (1994) demonstrated using 2-rectangle displays how both spatial and object-based selection engages in processing of a visual scene. In Experiment-1 using the 2-rectangle paradigm we measured temporal variability of target detection by presenting targets at a variable SOA. In Experiment-2, we used 4-squares to preclude any object-based selection and measured temporal variability in target detection at similar locations as in Experiment-1. We found target detection to be periodic in delta and theta hertz rhythm in both Experiment-1 and Experiment-2 upon comparing corresponding cue-valid and same-object locations. Similar spectral profiles across experiments indicate a split-spotlight of spatial attention that rhythmically monitors cue-valid and other invalid locations. Future experiments are needed to determine whether object-based selection is periodic in nature.
2020
Degree granted:
Collection: FAU
Advisors/Committee Members: Sheremata, Summer (Thesis advisor), Florida Atlantic University (Degree grantor), Department of Psychology, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science.
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Visual Perception; Space perception; Selective attention; Selectivity (Psychology); Visual system
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Ray, S. (2020). Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention. (Masters Thesis). Florida Atlantic University. Retrieved from http://fau.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fau:44446
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ray, Subhosit. “Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Florida Atlantic University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://fau.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fau:44446.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ray, Subhosit. “Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention.” 2020. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Ray S. Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://fau.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fau:44446.
Council of Science Editors:
Ray S. Cyclical Variations in Object and Spatial-based Attention. [Masters Thesis]. Florida Atlantic University; 2020. Available from: http://fau.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fau:44446
San Jose State University
17.
Luna, Rocio.
Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2014, San Jose State University
URL: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.5x7u-pykg
;
https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4430
► The ability to fixate ones eyes on one object while attending to another object is known as covert visual attention. The present study investigated…
(more)
▼ The ability to fixate ones eyes on one object while attending to another object is known as covert visual attention. The present study investigated the effects of covert visual attention on reaction time (RT) and accuracy while manipulating cue types (i.e., informative and non-informative) and validity (i.e., valid and invalid) in two experiments. The results of the RT experiment revealed a main effect of validity and an interaction between cue types and cue validity. However, there was no main effect of attention type. The results of the Accuracy experiment were very similar; there was a main effect of validity but none for attention type, and there was an interaction of the two variables. These results provide evidence that voluntary attention may be causing channel enhancement. Some claim that involuntary attention may lead to channel selection, but this was not supported in the results. Further research should be conducted to better determine the process that occurs with involuntary attention.
Subjects/Keywords: channel enhancement; channel selection; covert visual attention; involuntary attention; voluntary attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Luna, R. (2014). Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection. (Masters Thesis). San Jose State University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.5x7u-pykg ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4430
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Luna, Rocio. “Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection.” 2014. Masters Thesis, San Jose State University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.5x7u-pykg ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4430.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Luna, Rocio. “Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Luna R. Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. San Jose State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.5x7u-pykg ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4430.
Council of Science Editors:
Luna R. Covert Visual Spatial Attention: Effects Of Voluntary And Involuntary Attention On Channel Enhancement And Channel Selection. [Masters Thesis]. San Jose State University; 2014. Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.5x7u-pykg ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4430
University of Minnesota
18.
Addleman, Douglas.
The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2020, University of Minnesota
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
► Past research has demonstrated implicit experience-driven effects on spatial attention in vision and audition. In particular, what and where an observer has attended in the…
(more)
▼ Past research has demonstrated implicit experience-driven effects on spatial attention in vision and audition. In particular, what and where an observer has attended in the past affects future attentional selection. For instance, attention while searching for an item is biased towards locations which contained recent targets—an effect called inter-trial location priming—as well as towards locations which contain targets more often than other regions over a span of time—an effect called location probability learning. In this dissertation, I present three studies investigating selection history effects and how they differ from the better-understood goal-driven form of attention. The first two studies investigate the relationship between spatial selection history and top-down attention during visual search. Study 1 investigated how attending to spatial locations during a visual search task for letters affected a secondary memory task for scenes presented underneath the search array. Implicit location probability learning and goal-driven attention both affected search performance, but only goal-driven attention affected memory for scenes at attended locations. This suggests that implicitly learned probability learning has task-specific effects on attention, while goal-driven attention has task-general effects. Study 2 showed that, unlike goal-driven attention, implicit location probability learning causes shifts of visuospatial attention only after search stimuli appear, not in anticipation of stimulus onset. Study 3 investigated short-term and long-term auditory selection history effects, finding long-term location probability learning but a striking lack of short-term inter-trial location priming. Taken together, this dissertation provides evidence for differences in the implementation of goal-driven and implicitly learned spatial attention that, while present in both vision and audition, manifest in modality-specific ways.
Subjects/Keywords: auditory attention; experience-driven attention; habit learning; selection history; spatial attention; visual attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Addleman, D. (2020). The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Addleman, Douglas. “The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Addleman, Douglas. “The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention.” 2020. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Addleman D. The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050.
Council of Science Editors:
Addleman D. The Effects Of Selection History On Visual And Auditory Spatial Attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215050
Rice University
19.
Orsten, Kimberley D.
False Pop Out.
Degree: PhD, Social Sciences, 2015, Rice University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88369
► A single, unique target often pops out quickly and efficiently from a field of homogenous distractors in visual search. Pop out has helped shape theories…
(more)
▼ A single, unique target often pops out quickly and efficiently from a field of homogenous distractors in
visual search. Pop out has helped shape theories of
visual attention and feature integration as well as to identify basic features in human vision. The present experiments demonstrate a new phenomenon, false pop out, wherein one of the homogenous distractors competes with the singleton target to pop out, perhaps by breaking an overall grouping or pattern emerging from the display. Using a compilation of several studies, this research reports the effect in a number of display contexts using a number of different stimuli, and provides converging evidence toward the idea that low and high level features contribute equally to the primary perceptual experience, a counterintuitive finding for most current theories of
visual search.
Advisors/Committee Members: Pomerantz, James R. (advisor), Dannemiller, James L (committee member), Lane, David M (committee member), Grandy, Richard E (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: visual search; visual attention; visual perception; Gestalts; features; pop out
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APA (6th Edition):
Orsten, K. D. (2015). False Pop Out. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88369
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Orsten, Kimberley D. “False Pop Out.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88369.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Orsten, Kimberley D. “False Pop Out.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Orsten KD. False Pop Out. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88369.
Council of Science Editors:
Orsten KD. False Pop Out. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/88369
20.
Righi, Luana Lira.
Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização.
Degree: Mestrado, Fisiologia Humana, 2009, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-02042009-114350/
;
► Há evidências de que a orientação da atenção para o lado direito seria mais eficiente do que para o esquerdo. Outros trabalhos mostram uma assimetria…
(more)
▼ Há evidências de que a orientação da atenção para o lado direito seria mais eficiente do que para o esquerdo. Outros trabalhos mostram uma assimetria quanto às vias visuais. A via ventral, que realiza processamento de objetos, seria mais ativa no hemisfério esquerdo e a via dorsal, que realiza a localização de estímulos, seria mais ativa no hemisfério direito. A interação entre essas assimetrias foi investigada. Realizamos dois experimentos nos quais a atenção automática dos sujeitos foi mobilizada através do aparecimento de um estímulo visual periférico. O Experimento 1 foi uma tarefa de discriminação de forma, envolvendo a via ventral. O Experimento 2 foi de discriminação de local, envolvendo a via dorsal. Esperávamos a manifestação de uma assimetria comportamental para o lado direito apenas no Experimento 1. No entanto isto ocorreu nos dois experimentos, ou seja, assimetria foi para o lado em que a atenção é preferencialmente mobilizada. O que sugere que o fator determinante para essa manifestação é a assimetria atencional, mas não assimetria das vias visuais.
Recent studies have shown that attention orienting to the right side is more efficient than attention orienting to the left side. Other studies have shown that the two hemispheres process visual stimuli differently: the ventral visual pathway, which processes object shape, is more active in the left hemisphere, while the dorsal visual pathway, which processes object location, is more active in the right hemisphere. This work investigated theses asymmetries. Automatic attention was mobilized by a peripheral visual prime stimulus in two experiments. In Experiment 1 a task requiring shape discrimination was used. It was expected a strong bias to the right side. In Experiment 2 a task requiring location discrimination was used. It was expected now a much smaller bias to the right side. A strong bias to the right side was found in the two experiments. This bias was probably due to the attentional bias to the right side. Interhemispheric sensory asymmetries apparently were not strong enough to influence behavior in the present experimental conditions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Valle, Luiz Eduardo Ribeiro do.
Subjects/Keywords: Assimetria; Asymmetry; Atenção visual; Discriminação visual; Reaction time; Tempo de reação; Visual attention; Visual discrimination
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APA (6th Edition):
Righi, L. L. (2009). Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-02042009-114350/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Righi, Luana Lira. “Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização.” 2009. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-02042009-114350/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Righi, Luana Lira. “Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Righi LL. Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-02042009-114350/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Righi LL. Assimetria interlateral da atenção visuoespacial automática em tarefas de discriminação de forma e de localização. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2009. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-02042009-114350/ ;
Kansas State University
21.
Peterson, Jared Joel.
The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention.
Degree: PhD, Department of Psychological
Sciences, 2018, Kansas State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39309
► Visual resolution (i.e., blur or clarity) is a natural aspect of vision. It has been used by film makers to direct their audience’s attention by…
(more)
▼ Visual resolution (i.e., blur or clarity) is a natural
aspect of vision. It has been used by film makers to direct their
audience’s
attention by focusing the depth of field such that the
critical region in a scene is uniquely clear and the surrounding is
blurred. Resolution contrast can focus
attention towards unique
clarity, as supported by previous eye tracking and
visual search
research (Enns & MacDonald, 2013; Kosara, Miksch, Hauser,
Schrammel, Giller, & Tscheligi, 2002; & McConkie, 2002;
Peterson, 2016; Smith & Tadmor, 2012). However, little is known
about how unique blur is involved in guiding
attention (e.g.,
capture, repel, or be ignored). Peterson (2016) provided reaction
time (RT) evidence that blur is ignored by selective
attention when
resolution is not task-relevant. Perhaps
visual resolution is a
search asymmetry where unique clarity can be used to guide
selective
attention during search, but unique blur cannot guide
attention. Yet, perhaps the RT evidence was not sensitive enough
with Peterson’s (2016) methodology to observe unique blur capturing
or repelling
attention. Eye movements (e.g., letter first fixated)
may be more sensitive than RT as it measures blur and clarity’s
influence on guiding
attention earlier in a trial.
The current
study conducted three experiments that investigated: a) how
visual
resolution guides
attention when it is task-irrelevant (Exp. 1), b)
whether
visual resolution is a search asymmetry, by manipulating
resolution’s task-relevance (Use Blur, Use Clarity, Do Not Use
Unique Blur or Clarity, & No Instructions) (Exp. 2), and c)
whether blur and/or clarity are processed preattentively or require
attention (Exp. 3). Experiments 1 and 2 manipulated blur and
clarity (Exp. 1 Resolution = Task-irrelevant & Exp. 2
Resolution = Task-relevant), during a rotated L and T
visual search
measuring RT and eye movements. Experiment 1 found with the more
sensitive eye movement measures that unique clarity strongly
captured
attention while unique blur weakly repelled
attention
towards nearby clarity (or clarity, especially that close to blur,
captured
attention). Experiment 2 found evidence that
visual
resolution is not a search asymmetry because the influence of
resolution on selective
attention was contingent upon its
task-relevance, which theoretically supports the presence of a
reconfigurable resolution feature detector. Experiment 3 used a
feature search for either blur or clarity (i.e., resolution was
task-relevant) and compared RT x Set Size search slopes. Both
blurred and clear target present RT x Set Size search slopes were ~
1 msec/item. The results strongly supported that blur and clarity
are both processed preattentively, and provided additional evidence
that resolution is not a search asymmetry.
Overall, the current
studies shed light on how
visual resolution is processed and guides
selective
attention. The results revealed that
visual resolution is
processed preattentively and has a dynamic relationship with
selective
attention. Predicting how resolution will guide
attention…
Advisors/Committee Members: Lester C. Loschky.
Subjects/Keywords: Visual
resolution; Visual
selective attention; Visual
Blur; Visual
Search;
Task-relevance; Eye
movements
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Peterson, J. J. (2018). The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention. (Doctoral Dissertation). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39309
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Peterson, Jared Joel. “The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Kansas State University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39309.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Peterson, Jared Joel. “The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Peterson JJ. The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Kansas State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39309.
Council of Science Editors:
Peterson JJ. The
interaction between visual resolution and task-relevance in guiding
visual selective attention. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Kansas State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/39309
22.
Sais, Fernanda Amadei.
Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?.
Degree: Mestrado, Fisiologia Humana, 2011, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-22072011-141927/
;
► Investigamos, no Experimento, se o estímulo precedente, que captura a atenção quando existem demarcações, deixa de capturar a atenção na ausência de demarcações por ter…
(more)
▼ Investigamos, no Experimento, se o estímulo precedente, que captura a atenção quando existem demarcações, deixa de capturar a atenção na ausência de demarcações por ter seu processamento filtrado precocemente. Além disso, investigamos, nos experimentos 2, 3 e 4, se alterações no fundo da tela, que gerassem maior competição no processamento dos estímulos presentes na cena visual, poderiam levar à captura da atenção, mesmo sem a presença das demarcações classicamente utilizadas. Observamos que quando a intensidade dos estímulos competidores presentes na tela era alta, o estímulo precedente passou a capturar a atenção. Explicamos esse resultado com a hipótese de que as demarcações são importantes por adicionarem ruído ao processamento dos estímulos apresentados, influenciando a representação desses estímulos e, portanto, a possibilidade de um estímulo capturar a atenção. Por fim, no Experimento 5, investigamos se os resultados da tarefa de escolha de local seriam replicados em uma tarefa de discriminação de forma.
In Experiment 1 we investigated if a peripheral stimulus, which is able to capture attention when there are placeholders on the screen, is no longer able to capture attention in the absence of placeholders because is early filtered. In Experimento 2, 3 and 4 we investigated if changes on screen background, which would generate stronger processing competition between stimuli, could lead to attentional capture even in absence of placeholders. Accorging to our results the peripheral stimuli is able to capture attention when competing stimuli of high intensity are presented togueter on screen. Our explanation is that placeholders are important because they add noise to stimuli processing, affecting stimuli representation and, therefore, the probability that a stimulus will capture attention. Lastly, in Experimento 5 we investigated if similar results would be obtained in a form discrimination task.
Advisors/Committee Members: Valle, Luiz Eduardo Ribeiro do.
Subjects/Keywords: Atenção seletiva; Atenção visual; Estimulação visual; Neurociências; Neuroscience; Psicofísica; Psychophysics; Reaction time; Selective attention; Tempo de reação; Visual attention; Visual stimulation
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APA (6th Edition):
Sais, F. A. (2011). Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-22072011-141927/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Sais, Fernanda Amadei. “Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-22072011-141927/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Sais, Fernanda Amadei. “Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Sais FA. Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-22072011-141927/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Sais FA. Por que locais demarcados são importantes para o aparecimento do efeito atencional automático?. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2011. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-22072011-141927/ ;
23.
Righi, Luana Lira.
Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática.
Degree: PhD, Fisiologia Humana, 2012, University of São Paulo
URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-17042013-105052/
;
► O presente trabalho analisou algumas das possíveis características do efeito da atenção intermodal entre elas: relação sinal/ruído e assincronia entre início dos estímulos (AIE) em…
(more)
▼ O presente trabalho analisou algumas das possíveis características do efeito da atenção intermodal entre elas: relação sinal/ruído e assincronia entre início dos estímulos (AIE) em relação ao tipo de tarefa realizada. Os Experimentos 1 e 2 mostraram que os efeitos da atenção intermodal se manifestam na presença de ruído visual externo, e que não se manifestam na ausência de ruído em uma AIE de 133 ms. No entanto, o Experimento 3 mostrou que quando a AIE é maior que a utilizada nos experimentos anteriores, o efeito intermodal se manifesta no comportamento na ausência de ruído visual externo. Finalmente, o Experimento 4 mostrou que em uma AIE curta (133 ms), e em uma tarefa de localização, o efeito intermodal se manifesta. Os resultados sugerem que o efeito atencional intermodal se manifesta na presença e na ausência de ruído visual e que o mecanismo de discriminação da frequência do alvo demora mais tempo para se completar do que o mecanismo de localização do alvo.
The current work examined the possible contribution of signal to noise ratio, the asynchrony between the onsets of the cue and the target (SOA) and the kind of task performed by the observer to the manifestation of crossmodal attentional effects. The Experiments 1 and 2 showed that crossmodal attentional effect appears when there is visual noise, but it does not appear when there is no visual noise at 133 ms SOA. The Experiment 3 showed that when the SOA is longer than 133 ms, the crossmodal attentional effect appears when there is no visual noise. The Experiment 4 showed that in a localization task, the crossmodal attentional effect appears even in a short SOA (133 ms). Taken together, the results indicate that crossmodal attentional effects appear when there is visual noise and when there is no visual noise. However, in the later condition and when the target has to be identified, the crossmodal attentional effect takes longer to appear.
Advisors/Committee Members: Valle, Luiz Eduardo Ribeiro do.
Subjects/Keywords: Atenção auditiva; Atenção visual; Auditory attention; Discriminação visual; Fisiologia; Physiology; Reaction time; Tempo de reação; Visual attention; Visual discrimination
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APA ·
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Righi, L. L. (2012). Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-17042013-105052/ ;
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Righi, Luana Lira. “Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-17042013-105052/ ;.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Righi, Luana Lira. “Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Righi LL. Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-17042013-105052/ ;.
Council of Science Editors:
Righi LL. Características do efeito da atenção intermodal automática. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2012. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42137/tde-17042013-105052/ ;
Universiteit Utrecht
24.
Elsayed, M.M.R.
Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks.
Degree: 2010, Universiteit Utrecht
URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/44883
► During visual search, humans rely on a combination of bottom-up and topdown cues to select the most promising places where to direct attention and gaze…
(more)
▼ During
visual search, humans rely on a combination of bottom-up and topdown cues to select the most promising places where to direct
attention and gaze at. Bottom-up cues are often postulated to be saliency/conspicuity based, in the sense that
visual locations that "pop-out" by some rare local feature or contrast con?gurations lead to a raised interest for
visual inspection. Top-down cues originate from prior knowledge about scene and object properties, like, for example, when searching for a particular object. In this thesis, we want to inspect top-down cues for
visual search that originate
from relational object knowledge and from knowing the identity of an object. This may occur in a way that the system has previously acquired conditional probabilities for, say, the chance that a certain object (e.g. a car) appearing in conjunction with another object (e.g. a park meter), together with information where the objects are located relative to each other. The target is then to build a system that uses an appearance-based object classi?er to identify single objects in a scene, and that proposes new locations and candidate objects that should be searched next by recurring to the relational knowledge about typical scenes, leading to a sensible
visual search path that rapidly concentrates on the most frequently appearing objects in selected typical scenes (e.g. street scenes).
The work will involve contributions from a general-purpose vision system including methods for conspicuity-based extraction of salient locations as well
as
visual object classi?cation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Kunst, H.
Subjects/Keywords: Wijsbegeerte; Visual Attention, Machine Vision, Knowledge representation
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MLA ·
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Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Elsayed, M. M. R. (2010). Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/44883
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Elsayed, M M R. “Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/44883.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Elsayed, M M R. “Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks.” 2010. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Elsayed MMR. Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/44883.
Council of Science Editors:
Elsayed MMR. Exploiting Spatial Relations for Visual Cognitive Tasks. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2010. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/44883
University of Hong Kong
25.
Chan, Ka-ho, Louis.
Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization.
Degree: 2009, University of Hong Kong
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56588
Subjects/Keywords: Visual
perception.;
Attention.
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APA ·
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Export
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Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Chan, Ka-ho, L. (2009). Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56588
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Chan, Ka-ho, Louis. “Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization.” 2009. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56588.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Chan, Ka-ho, Louis. “Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Chan, Ka-ho L. Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56588.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Chan, Ka-ho L. Preattentive and attentive
processing in visual perception and localization. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/56588
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Rochester
26.
Jacob, Michael Simon.
The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging.
Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/17669
► Self-movement creates a radial pattern of opticow that tells us where we are going. Recent studies have shown that the processing of visual motion is…
(more)
▼ Self-movement creates a radial pattern of opticow
that tells us where we are
going. Recent studies have shown that
the processing of visual motion is actively
controlled by
frontal-parietal cortical networks to satisfy the demands of
ongoing
behavior. Navigation-related visual motion perceptual
de!cits in aging and
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) suggest a systems
level disruption of optic flow processing in
these conditions. We
have now examined this system using human evoked potentials
and
probed the underlying neuronal mechanisms using monkey single
neuron
physiology.
In our studies of aging and AD, we combine a
continuous visual discrimination
task with simultaneous visual
motion and word stimulus streams to assess task effects
on
stimulus evoked cortical activity. We !nd that the cognitive
control of motion and
word processing are fundamentally different
in aging and AD. Impairments in verbal
#uency among our AD
patients and impairments in optic #ow perceptual thresholds
among
our older adult subjects are associated with selective reductions
in cortical
responsiveness to word and optic #ow stimuli,
respectively. Thus, diagnostic criteria
for AD may not
appropriately consider impairments in visuospatial processing.
Monkeys trained in a memory guided steering task show single
neurons with
task-dependent optic #ow processing in cortical areas
MST and LIP. One third of MST
neurons show task effects on basic
neuronal response properties. In contrast, LIP
neurons show
minimal optic #ow stimulus selectivity but pronounced task effects
on
their responses. Both MST and LIP show evidence of cognitive
signals related to motor
planning just prior to steering. These
results suggest that posterior parietal cortical
areas form a
distributed network which is dynamically shaped by task demands.
Despite species and methodological differences, the dynamics of
cortical
activity in humans and monkeys show sensory signals that
are followed shortly by
cognitive signals to actively modulate
self-movement perception. In young adult
human subjects and monkey
single neurons, we see obligate optic #ow processing in
all task
conditions. In older adult humans, we see a loss of obligate optic
#ow
responsiveness which may suggest a selective vulnerability of
visuospatial processing
networks in cognitive
aging.
Subjects/Keywords: Attention; Navigation; Visual Evoked Potentials; Macaque
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APA (6th Edition):
Jacob, M. S. (2011). The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/17669
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Jacob, Michael Simon. “The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/17669.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Jacob, Michael Simon. “The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Jacob MS. The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/17669.
Council of Science Editors:
Jacob MS. The Active Control of Self-Movement Perception: Neuronal
Mechanisms and Cognitive Aging. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/17669
University of Rochester
27.
Dieter, Kevin C.
Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry.
Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28318
► Binocular rivalry is a unique perceptual phenomenon in which sensation and perception are dissociated. Despite the presentation of unchanging sensory stimulation (disparate images in each…
(more)
▼ Binocular rivalry is a unique perceptual phenomenon
in which sensation and perception are dissociated. Despite the
presentation of unchanging sensory stimulation (disparate images in
each of the two eyes), an observer's perceptual experience
fluctuates between the two equally plausible interpretations of the
input. Perhaps surprisingly, one consistent finding is that this
process is largely inaccessible to selective attentional control -
in other words, observers cannot willfully cause greater
predominance of one or the other image, except under certain
special circumstances. Because this paradigm so starkly illustrates
the limits of voluntary attention, it represents a unique
opportunity for studying the factors that promote attentional
control. The series of studies comprising this thesis are designed
to investigate ways of overcoming the limitations of attentional
control during binocular rivalry. To begin, the complex pattern of
results in the attention and rivalry literature are explained
within the framework of the biased competition theory of attention,
a theory that is found to synthesize seemingly diverse results from
previous studies. This framework is then tested in a number of
studies, with results supporting several predictions arising from
this novel understanding. First, we find that direct practice at a
demanding perceptual task during binocular rivalry can give rise to
profound selective control. We next investigate whether this
increase in attentional control of binocular rivalry might also be
achieved through less direct training. Specifically, we compared
attentional control of binocular rivalry in video game players and
experienced psychophysical observers to control in non-gamers, and
found some support for the idea that extensive visual training may
be necessary for observers to attentionally control binocular
rivalry. Finally, we tested how the effects of attention over
binocular rivalry change throughout its timecourse and found that
attentional control emerges near the end of each percept, as
competition between stimuli becomes less resolved. Taken together,
these experiments reveal ways of overcoming limitations in
attentional control of visual perception, and demonstrate a key
role of visual competition in the activity of attentional
mechanisms.
Subjects/Keywords: Binocular rivalry; Bistability; Perceptual learning; Visual attention
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APA (6th Edition):
Dieter, K. C. (2014). Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28318
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dieter, Kevin C. “Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28318.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dieter, Kevin C. “Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Dieter KC. Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28318.
Council of Science Editors:
Dieter KC. Influences of selective attention during binocular
rivalry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28318
San Jose State University
28.
Smith, Chad Aaron.
The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays.
Degree: MA, Psychology, 2018, San Jose State University
URL: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.x724-2r8q
;
https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4984
► The ability of pilots to divide their attention between multiple tasks is critical for aviation safety. Eccentricity and saliency are known visual perception factors…
(more)
▼ The ability of pilots to divide their attention between multiple tasks is critical for aviation safety. Eccentricity and saliency are known visual perception factors for attention. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the effects of eccentricity and saliency on the participants’ transitioning behavior, between an aviation fault management task and a flight monitoring task. This investigation was accomplished by a review of an archival eye-tracking dataset. Eccentricity was found to have no effect on the participants’ eye movement transitioning behavior between the two tasks. Saliency did have an effect, however, suggesting that saliency may guide transitions between tasks. Lastly, combining the effects of eccentricity and saliency, participants’ eye movements transitioned farther between tasks when an area was more salient. This furthermore suggests that saliency may guide transitions between tasks and that pilots will transition farther distances if a task is visually salient.
Subjects/Keywords: AVIONIC DISPLAYS; ECCENTRICITY; SALIENCY; VISUAL ATTENTION
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Smith, C. A. (2018). The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays. (Masters Thesis). San Jose State University. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.x724-2r8q ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4984
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Smith, Chad Aaron. “The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays.” 2018. Masters Thesis, San Jose State University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.x724-2r8q ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4984.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Smith, Chad Aaron. “The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Smith CA. The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. San Jose State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.x724-2r8q ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4984.
Council of Science Editors:
Smith CA. The Effects of Eccentricity and Saliency on Visual Attention in Avionic Displays. [Masters Thesis]. San Jose State University; 2018. Available from: https://doi.org/10.31979/etd.x724-2r8q ; https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/4984
Vanderbilt University
29.
Cox, Michele Ann.
Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings.
Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2017, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14467
► Visual perception arises from the combination of bottom-up (feedforward) activation and top-down (feedback) modulation of neuronal activity. Distinguishing these processes is challenging. Using multielectrode extracellular…
(more)
▼ Visual perception arises from the combination of bottom-up (feedforward) activation and top-down (feedback) modulation of neuronal activity. Distinguishing these processes is challenging. Using multielectrode extracellular neuronal recordings, the activity of large populations of neurons can be studied simultaneously. Comparing across distinct, simultaneously-recorded neurons allows for the individual influences of each bottom-up activation and top-down modulation on cortical activation to be untangled. Using this approach, we found that in area V4, a
visual region of the brain thought to be important for shape processing, neurons enhance their responses to an array of stimuli only when the array implies an occluding object. Simultaneously recorded neurons that represented the un-occluded parts of the stimulus array did not increase firing. This specificity suggests that V4 differentiates feedforward information about the illusion on a fine scale. These V4 neurons might provide feedback information to primary
visual cortex (V1) to support the perception of the inferred stimulus. In V1, using a separate, cognitively demanding task, we found that feedback can both enhance and suppress stimulus-evoked spiking activity. This finding is significant as most feedback projections are excitatory in nature, while many models of
visual processing rely on inhibitory top-down modulation. We further probed V1 by sending conflicting, bottom-up activation into the neuronal circuitry. We also found that conflicting bottom-up activation, whose resolution likely involves cortico-cortical feedback, results in distinct phases of excitation and inhibition across the local microcircuit that are in line with the assumption of feedback-induced inhibition of
visual cortical responses. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the intra- and inter-areal interplay of bottom-up sensory information with top-down guided modulation of local neuronal processing.
Advisors/Committee Members: Frank Tong (committee member), René Marois (committee member), Richard Krauzlis (committee member), Alexander Maier (Committee Chair).
Subjects/Keywords: electrophysiology; visual cortex; attention; perceptual grouping; vision
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Cox, M. A. (2017). Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings. (Doctoral Dissertation). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14467
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cox, Michele Ann. “Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14467.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cox, Michele Ann. “Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings.” 2017. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Cox MA. Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14467.
Council of Science Editors:
Cox MA. Untangling Bottom-Up Activation and Top-Down Modulation in Visual Cortex with Multielectrode Extracellular Neuronal Recordings. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Vanderbilt University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/14467
Vanderbilt University
30.
Achim, Katherine.
Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere.
Degree: MS, Electrical Engineering, 2005, Vanderbilt University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13413
► The research in this thesis focuses on two problems related to the Sensory Ego-Sphere (SES), a short-term memory structure for a robot: (1) the mapping…
(more)
▼ The research in this thesis focuses on two problems related to the Sensory Ego-Sphere (SES), a short-term memory structure for a robot: (1) the mapping to the SES of high-resolution sensory information in the form of imagery, and (2) the concurrent processing of
visual attention. Neither problem had been studied previously. The SES coordinates sensory information for further processing and thereby acts as an interface between sensing and cognition. It is an egocentric, spherical mapping of the robot's locale. This research is based on previous work in the areas of multi-modal sensing, sensory-motor coordination, and
attention. The paper describes a procedure to composite on the SES an image sequence taken by a camera head, a task that is complicated by significant overlap between successive images in the sequence. Two approaches to the problem of finding and ranking areas of
visual interest are compared. One combines
visual attention points in the overlapping images on the SES and the other computes attentional points directly on the composited
visual scene. Computational structures for mapping imagery to the SES and managing it are described. The problem of
attention in bio-vision is discussed as are some algorithms that mimic
visual attention behaviors in humans.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. Richard Alan Peters II (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: SMC; visual attention
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
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CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Achim, K. (2005). Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere. (Thesis). Vanderbilt University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13413
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Achim, Katherine. “Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere.” 2005. Thesis, Vanderbilt University. Accessed January 23, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13413.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Achim, Katherine. “Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere.” 2005. Web. 23 Jan 2021.
Vancouver:
Achim K. Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere. [Internet] [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 23].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13413.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Achim K. Image Mapping and Visual Attention on a Sensory Ego-Sphere. [Thesis]. Vanderbilt University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1803/13413
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
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Open Access Theses and Dissertations