subject:(Transdermal delivery)

University of Guelph

1. Kumagai, Miyuki. Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients.

Degree: MS, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 2014, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8342

► Canine osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive degenerative disease often leading to inflammation, pain and disuse of the affected joint. Meloxicam, commonly used to manage canine… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Canine osteoarthritis; meloxicam; transdermal drug delivery; synovial

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kumagai, M. (2014). Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8342

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kumagai, Miyuki. “Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8342.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kumagai, Miyuki. “Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kumagai M. Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8342.

Council of Science Editors:

Kumagai M. Evaluation of a Transdermal Drug Delivery System for Veterinary Patients. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2014. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/8342

North-West University

2. Van der Westhuizen, Jani. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen .

Degree: 2014, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15677

► The transdermal delivery route has become a popular alternative to more conventional routes, such as oral administration, but has not yet reached its full potential… (more)

▼ The transdermal delivery route has become a popular alternative to more conventional routes, such as oral administration, but has not yet reached its full potential (Prausnitz & Langer, 2008:1261). Although the transdermal route proves to have several advantages over the conventional route, the greatest challenge is to overcome the effective barrier of the skin (Jepps et al., 2012:153). The permeation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) through the skin is a complex, multi-step process and therefore predicting the permeability of the API is difficult (Jepps et al., 2012:153; Williams, 2003:30). Various approaches have been developed to overcome the skin barrier and it is recognised that the nature of the vehicle in which the API is applied plays a significant role in promoting transdermal delivery (Foldvari, 2000:417). It is important to consider the fate of the formulation ingredients and the API after application and how this changes the composition of the formulation on the skin when developing a vehicle for transdermal delivery (Lane et al., 2012:496; Otto et al., 2009:2). Wiechers (2012) proposed the Skin Delivery Gap (SDG) as an indicator for the permeability of an API. An API with a SDG < 1 will readily permeate the skin, whilst an SDG > 1 indicates a more complex delivery system is required. The partitioning of the API between the skin and the formulation is influenced by the formulation and by altering the formulation properties it is possible to manipulate the transdermal delivery of the API. The relative polarity index (RPI), based on the octanol-water partition coefficient (log P) of the stratum corneum, formulation and the API, was initially developed by Wiechers as a tool for developing formulations with an optimal polarity, to ensure the transdermal delivery of at least 50% of the API (Lane et al., 2012:498; Wiechers, 2008:94; Wiechers et al., 2004:174). The use of log P as an indicator of polarity was considered impractical by Hansen (2013) and acknowledged by both Wiechers and Abbott, who consequently developed the Formulating for Efficacy™ (FFE™) software which uses Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) instead of log P to indicate polarity (Hansen, 2013). The FFE™ calculates HSP distances, known as gaps, between the skin, API and the formulation to indicate the solubility of the different components in each other. A smaller HSP gap indicates a high solubility. The FFE™ enables the formulator to develop a formulation with a good balance between the active-formulation gap (AFG) and the skin-formulation gap (SFG) to ensure sufficient diffusion of the API into the skin. The FFE™ software was used to develop formulations containing 1.5% atropine as a model drug. Formulations of different polarity (optimised towards the stratum corneum, more hydrophilic and more lipophilic) were developed to determine the effect of the polarity of the formulation and the relevant HSP gaps on the transdermal delivery of the API. The same formulations were utilised for atropine sulphate to determine the effect…

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal delivery; Formulation; Hansen Solubility Parameters

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Van der Westhuizen, J. (2014). Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15677

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van der Westhuizen, Jani. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen .” 2014. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15677.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van der Westhuizen, Jani. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen .” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Van der Westhuizen J. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15677.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van der Westhuizen J. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of atropine by implementation of the delivery gap principle / Jani van der Westhuizen . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/15677

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Univerzitet u Beogradu

3. Todosijević, Marija N., 1989-. Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka.

Degree: Farmaceutski fakultet, 2017, Univerzitet u Beogradu

URL: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:16900/bdef:Content/get

►

Farmacija - Farmaceutska tehnologija / Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical technology

Nesteroidni antiinflamatorni lekovi (NSAIL) su heterogena grupa lekovitih supstanci sa antiinflamatornim, antipiretičkim i analgetskim delovanjem. Iako… (more)

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Farmacija - Farmaceutska tehnologija / Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical technology

Nesteroidni antiinflamatorni lekovi (NSAIL) su heterogena grupa lekovitih supstanci sa antiinflamatornim, antipiretičkim i analgetskim delovanjem. Iako postoji više od 50 različitih NSAIL na svetskom tržištu, stalno istraživanje i razvoj novih lekovitih supstanci ove terapijske grupe je posledica njihovog nepovoljnog farmakokinetičkog profila (npr. kratko poluvreme eliminacije) i/ili ispoljavanja neželjenih efekata (npr. na nivou gastrointestinalnog trakta). Aceklofenak je indikovan za oralnu primenu u terapiji reumatoidnih bolesti, kao i u terapiji drugih upalnih i bolnih stanja. I pored prednosti u odnosu na ostale lekovite supstance iz ove grupe, hronična oralna primena aceklofenaka može dovesti do pojave neželjenih efekata koji su karakteristični i za ostale NSAIL, te se nameće potreba za prevazilaženjem ovih problema primenom farmaceutsko-tehnoloških pristupa i/ili drugim putem primene. Jedan od načina za smanjenje neželjenih efekata i zaobilaženje metabolizma prvog prolaza je lokalna primena aceklofenaka u terapiji reumatoidnih bolesti. Da bi koncentracija lokalno primenjenog aceklofenaka bila dovoljna za ispoljavanje kliničkog efekta, neophodno je prevazići stratum corneum, primarnu barijeru za difuziju lekovitih supstanci u kožu. Koloidni nosači tipa mikroemulzija su perspektivni nosači lekovitih supstanci, čijom se primenom može poboljšati dermalna/transdermalna isporuka, a time i lokalna i/ili sistemska raspoloživost. Sa druge strane, neophodno je posvetiti posebnu pažnju izboru ekscipijenasa, kako sa aspekta bezbednosti/iritacije, tako i sa aspekta njihovog potencijalnog uticaja na dermalnu/transdermalnu isporuku lekovite supstance. Saharozni estri su nejonski surfaktanti, a njihove osobine poput biokompatibilnosti, biodegradabilnosti, niskog rizika da dovedu do iritacije, i potencijala da deluju kao pojačivači penetracije, predstavljaju značajne prednosti ovih surfaktanata u odnosu na tradicionalno korišćene, sintetske, etoksilovane surfaktante. Imajući to u vidu, osnovni cilj istraživanja ove doktorske disertacije predstavlja proučavanje molekularnih mehanizama kojima saharozni estri, sa različitom dužinom lipofilnog lanca, povećavaju penetraciju lekovitih supstanci...

Advisors/Committee Members: Savić, Snežana, 1971-.

Subjects/Keywords: aceclofenac; sucrose ester; microemulsion; dermal delivery; transdermal delivery; penetration enhancer

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Todosijević, Marija N., 1. (2017). Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka. (Thesis). Univerzitet u Beogradu. Retrieved from https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:16900/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Todosijević, Marija N., 1989-. “Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka.” 2017. Thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:16900/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Todosijević, Marija N., 1989-. “Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Todosijević, Marija N. 1. Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka. [Internet] [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:16900/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Todosijević, Marija N. 1. Formulacija, fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija i biološka ispitivanja biokompatibilnih mikroemulzija za dermalnu i transdermalnu isporuku aceklofenaka. [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2017. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:16900/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Kansas State University

4. Nutsch, Kayla. Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo.

Degree: MS, Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Interdepartmental Program, 2020, Kansas State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40336

► Nanocarriers have become a popular platform for delivering nucleic acid for therapeutic and pest control methods. The peptide-based nanocarriers, branched amphiphilic peptide capsules (BAPCs), have… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Branched Amphiphilic Peptide Capsules; Tribolium castaneum; Oral delivery; Transdermal delivery

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nutsch, K. (2020). Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo. (Masters Thesis). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40336

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nutsch, Kayla. “Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Kansas State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40336.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nutsch, Kayla. “Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo.” 2020. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nutsch K. Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Kansas State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40336.

Council of Science Editors:

Nutsch K. Oral and transdermal delivery of branched amphiphilic peptide capsules in vivo. [Masters Thesis]. Kansas State University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/40336

University of South Florida

5. Shultz, Zachary P. Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs.

Degree: 2019, University of South Florida

URL: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8415

► Small molecule drug discovery relies heavily on synthetic organic chemistry to develop novel chemical entities that elicit desirable therapeutic effects. The development of targeted chemical… (more)

▼ Small molecule drug discovery relies heavily on synthetic organic chemistry to develop novel chemical entities that elicit desirable therapeutic effects. The development of targeted chemical syntheses is of paramount importance to access molecules for biological evaluation and is usually considered the bottleneck in most drug discovery campaigns. Targets for chemical syntheses commonly draw inspiration from molecules of natural origin. Nature harbors a wealth of chemical diversity that has established itself over millions of years through chemical and biological evolution. Organisms have an inherent ability to protect themselves from predators and harmful environments. In doing so, many of them evolve to produce chemical defenses in order to survive in their environments. Unfortunately, most bioactive natural products are not present in large abundance and require chemical syntheses for evaluation of their therapeutic potential. Antibiotic resistance has become a major health concern that is creating a health and financial burden on society. There is an unmet need to develop new antibiotics to combat the ever-evolving microbes. Drug-resistant bacteria capable of adopting biofilm morphology become increasingly resistant to antibiotic treatment, threatening the life of the patient. A series of marine natural products (MNPs) have recently been identified to exhibit promising activity against methicillin resistant Stahphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilms. One of the most potent compounds in the series was the MNP membranolide. The intriguing biological properties of membranolide have led us to develop an enantioselective synthesis of the natural product and related analogs for further evaluation against MRSA biofilms (outlined in chapter 2). Microbial infections are not limited to bacteria. Parasitic and amoebic pathogens can cause infections as well, with the latter being underrepresented in drug discovery. The lack of research and development in the area of amoebic infections may be partly due to the rarity of occurrence. However, some amoebic infections have extremely high mortality rates, such as those caused by Naegleria fowleri, presenting a dire need for new therapeutics. Phytocannabinoid natural products have been found to exhibit anti-proliferation activity against N. fowleri and represent a class of compounds that may aid in the efforts in combatting its infections. A novel chemical synthesis is disclosed in chapter 3 that gives rise to tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and related analogs to further evaluate and understand their biological activity. Furthermore, these compounds could be effective treatments against a myriad of other clinical indications including but not limited to pain, inflammation, anxiety and even Alzheimer’s disease. The cannabinoids are well-known for their unique biological and physiochemical properties; however, they lack ideal pharmacokinetic profiles to become successful therapeutics. Their poor absorption through traditional delivery routes can be addressed either by…

Subjects/Keywords: cannabinoids; natural products; skin PAMPA; Total synthesis; transdermal delivery; transdermal patch; Chemistry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shultz, Z. P. (2019). Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs. (Thesis). University of South Florida. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8415

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shultz, Zachary P. “Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs.” 2019. Thesis, University of South Florida. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8415.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shultz, Zachary P. “Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Shultz ZP. Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8415.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shultz ZP. Synthesis, Discovery and Delivery of Therapeutic Natural Products and Analogs. [Thesis]. University of South Florida; 2019. Available from: https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/8415

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Indian Institute of Science

6. Vinaya Kumar, K B. Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System.

Degree: PhD, Engineering, 2018, Indian Institute of Science

URL: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092

► Transdermal drug delivery is the most preferred drug delivery method, due to its high efficiency and less side effects. In conventional transdermal drug delivery, the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal Drug Delivery System; Microneedle; Micropump; Biomedical Engineering; Transdermal Drug Delivery; Microneedle Array; Microneedles; Micropump-based System; Instrumentation and Applied Physics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vinaya Kumar, K. B. (2018). Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System. (Doctoral Dissertation). Indian Institute of Science. Retrieved from http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vinaya Kumar, K B. “Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Indian Institute of Science. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vinaya Kumar, K B. “Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vinaya Kumar KB. Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092.

Council of Science Editors:

Vinaya Kumar KB. Design, Development and Performance Study of Microneedle & Micropump-based Transdermal Drug Delivery System. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Indian Institute of Science; 2018. Available from: http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4092

7. Shah, Hiral J. Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -.

Degree: Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2014, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/44240

Abstract available

Appendix given

Advisors/Committee Members: Bharadia, P D.

Subjects/Keywords: Development; Drug delivery; Studies; Transdermal

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shah, H. J. (2014). Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -. (Thesis). Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/44240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shah, Hiral J. “Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -.” 2014. Thesis, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/44240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shah, Hiral J. “Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Shah HJ. Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/44240.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shah HJ. Studies on development and evaluation of enhanced transdermal controlled drug delivery of selected analgesic drugs; -. [Thesis]. Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/44240

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of KwaZulu-Natal

8. Rambharose, Sanjeev Kumar. Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir.

Degree: 2017, University of KwaZulu-Natal

URL: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18500

► The global burden of HIV and AIDS coupled with the limitations of current oral tenofovir (TNF) administration drives the need to develop strategies such as… (more)

▼ The global burden of HIV and AIDS coupled with the limitations of current oral tenofovir (TNF) administration drives the need to develop strategies such as the use of alternate routes of administration to improve drug therapy. Transdermal drug delivery (TDD) offers numerous advantages and is an attractive alternative for the systemic delivery of TNF. Although the inherent protective barrier property of skin is one of the major challenges in the design of TDD systems, the use of chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) such as fatty acids (FA) and their esters or the use of nano drug delivery systems have the potential to overcome this limitation. To date there are no reports on TDD permeation enhancement strategies or a nanoemulgel (NEG) as a TDD formulation for TNF. Novel lipidic approaches that reversibly decrease the barrier properties of the skin as well as the use lipid based nano drug delivery systems such as NEGs to enhance the TDD of TNF remain to be investigated. The broad aim of this study was therefore to explore the potential of novel lipid-based strategies for enhancing transdermal permeation of TNF. The specific research aims of this study were to: (1) Synthesize and characterize novel biocompatible dendritic ester derivatives of unsaturated FAs (UFAs) and explore their potential as promising permeation enhancers for the transdermal delivery of TNF. (2) Evaluate the novel application of UFA esters of cholesterol as promising transdermal permeation enhancers using TNF as a model drug. (3) Synthesize and characterize novel biocompatible mono, di and tri-ester derivatives of FAs and explore their potential as promising transdermal permeation enhancers using TNF as a model drug. (4) Explore the potential of novel linolenic acid based heterolipid, LLA1E (a novel transdermal permeation enhancer), as an oily phase in the development of a nanoemulgel for the transdermal drug delivery of TNF. UFAs [palmitoleic (PA), linoleic (LA), linolenic (LLA) and arachidonic acid (AA)] were used to synthesize novel dendritic ester derivatives [PA1E, LA1E, LLA1E and AA1E]. The structural features of the biosafe derivatives were confirmed by FTIR, NMR (1H and 13C) and HRMS. All synthesized novel dendritic ester derivatives at 1% w/w were found to be more effective enhancers with LLA1E being identified as the most superior with an ER of 6.11 at 2% w/w. Histomorphological analysis displayed no significant loss in the integrity of the skin and also indicated that TNF utilized both the transcellular and intercellular route of transport, with the drug and enhancer treatment having no permanent effects on the epidermis. Therefore these novel dendritic ester derivatives of UFAs can be considered as effective transdermal permeation enhancers for TNF. The TDD potential of TNF using UFA esters of Cholesterol (Chol) viz., oleate, linoleate and linolenate, as CPEs showed that all Chol UFA esters at 1% w/w were found to be more effective enhancers when compared to their respective parent FAs and saturated FAs counterparts. Cholesteryl… Advisors/Committee Members: Govender, Thirumala. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal drug delivery.; Tenofovir.; Fatty acids.; Drug therapy.; Skin.; Nanoemulsion.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rambharose, S. K. (2017). Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir. (Thesis). University of KwaZulu-Natal. Retrieved from https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18500

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rambharose, Sanjeev Kumar. “Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir.” 2017. Thesis, University of KwaZulu-Natal. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18500.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rambharose, Sanjeev Kumar. “Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Rambharose SK. Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18500.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rambharose SK. Novel lipidic materials to enhance the transdermal delivery of tenofovir. [Thesis]. University of KwaZulu-Natal; 2017. Available from: https://researchspace.ukzn.ac.za/handle/10413/18500

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Otago

9. Wells, Sarah. Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics .

Degree: 2013, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4082

► Atopic dermatitis is a major public health problem worldwide. It has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from minor forms such as dry, depigmented patches (pityraisis… (more)

▼ Atopic dermatitis is a major public health problem worldwide. It has a wide clinical spectrum ranging from minor forms such as dry, depigmented patches (pityraisis alba), to major forms with erythrodermic rash, with the rash being slightly more common in boys (Beiber and Prolss, 2008). The age of onset is generally 2-6 months. Several treatments are available for atopic dermatitis including: oral corticosteroids, topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and antibiotics. Given orally, corticosteroids can have permanent and severe side effects (e.g. Cushing’s syndrome). Topical or transdermal drug delivery is preferred over oral treatments because it allows prolonged continuous and consistent release of the drug into the systemic circulation, direct drug release to the target area, and the ability to avoid first-pass gastrointestinal and hepatic metabolism to minimise adverse effects. At the time of this study, at least two textiles had been developed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis: DermaSilk® and Padycare®. Both these fabrics have antimicrobial finishes which treat the secondary bacterial infection generally present on the erythrodermic rash. Previous studies have shown that both fabrics are effective in treating the rash present in atopic dermatitis. However, at the time of the current study DermaSilk® was not commonly available in New Zealand and was expensive, therefore it was not a viable option for wide use. The other fabric available, Padycare®, was made from silver filaments. Silver had been shown to have potential side effects to humans and the environment. Thus, there was a need for an inexpensive, safe, readily available dermal treatment for atopic dermatitis. The purpose of the current study was to design a cotton and silk transdermal patch for the treatment of atopic dermatitis and to study the relevant physical properties of these fabrics. The mass, thickness, air permeability, water vapour permeability and LAC of the fabrics were measured. The fabric specimens were then immersed in one of the two different concentrations (5mg/ml and 10mg/ml) of hydrocortisone and ethanol solutions for two minutes. The specimens were then dried and physical properties re-measured. FTIR, XRPD and SEM were performed to determine whether the hydrocortisone adhered to the fabric and if so in what solid state form (amphorous or crystalline). The physical properties of the fabrics differed from each other but both would be suitable for a transdermal patch in the treatment of atopic dermatitis. The physical properties of the fabrics did not differ after immersion compared to before. FTIR and XRPD did not show any difference between the non-treated, 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml specimens. Neither FTIR nor XRPD showed any difference between the non-treated and the pipetted samples; therefore both instruments may not have been able to detect small amounts of hydrocortisone on the fabrics. SEM confirmed that there was no visible evidence of hydrocortisone on specimens immersed in either of the two concentrations tested,… Advisors/Committee Members: Laing, Raechel (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Hydrocortisone; Cotton; Silk; Topical/transdermal drug delivery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wells, S. (2013). Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics . (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4082

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wells, Sarah. “Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics .” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4082.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wells, Sarah. “Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics .” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wells S. Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4082.

Council of Science Editors:

Wells S. Development of a transdermal patch using fabrics . [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4082

New Jersey Institute of Technology

10. Gendelberg, Natali R. Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD).

Degree: MSin Materials Science and Engineering - (M.S.), Committee for the Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, New Jersey Institute of Technology

URL: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/270

► Transdermal Drug Delivery (TDD) through skin patches has many advantages including the following: slow and continuous administration of the therapeutic over long periods of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal drug delivery (TDD); Skin permeability; Materials Science and Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gendelberg, N. R. (2016). Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD). (Thesis). New Jersey Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/270

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gendelberg, Natali R. “Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD).” 2016. Thesis, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/270.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gendelberg, Natali R. “Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD).” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Gendelberg NR. Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD). [Internet] [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/270.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gendelberg NR. Diffusivity of drug actives in transdermal drug delivery (TDD). [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2016. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/270

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

New Jersey Institute of Technology

11. Dong, Qian. A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches.

Degree: MSin Materials Science and Engineering - (M.S.), Committee for the Interdisciplinary Program in Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, New Jersey Institute of Technology

URL: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/287

► In recent years, transdermal drug delivery patches (TDDP) have developed rapidly. This is because the TDD system has more advantages than traditional drug delivery… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal drug delivery patches; Diffusion parameters; Materials Science and Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dong, Q. (2016). A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches. (Thesis). New Jersey Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/287

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dong, Qian. “A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches.” 2016. Thesis, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/287.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dong, Qian. “A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dong Q. A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches. [Internet] [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/287.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dong Q. A computational model for transdermal diffusion of lidocaine and tetracaine topical patches. [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2016. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/287

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

AUT University

12. Chowdhury, Nargis Afroj. An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery .

Degree: AUT University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7696

► Under the influence of an electric field, ionic electro-active polymers generally bend or deswell, depending on the shape of the polymer matrices and its position… (more)

▼ Under the influence of an electric field, ionic electro-active polymers generally bend or deswell, depending on the shape of the polymer matrices and its position relative to the electrodes. In this study, we investigate the bending behaviour of regenerated cellulose-based ionic electro-active composites for the fabrication of soft actuators with improved actuation force and durability. This research also focuses on the externally induced (electrically and magnetically) matrices deswelling and other responses, which affect the release of drug from the matrices. For actuation studies, we prepared matrices by combining carbon nanofibers, conducting polymers, and ionic liquids (through blending, doping, or coating) into the regenerated cellulose. We observed that actuators coated by polypyrrole doped with anthraquinone-2-sulfonic acid sodium salt monohydrate showed improved electrical conductivity and durability compared to that of using perchlorate ion as the dopant. This is due to the preparation process and the effect of dopants that play an important role to improve the performance of the regenerated cellulose-based ionic electro-active actuators. In addition, we investigated the influence of electrode design (layer-by-layer structure) on the properties of the actuators. Further, in this study, we developed three types of matrices consisting of regenerated cellulose/functionalized carbon nanofibers, regenerated cellulose/functionalized carbon nanofibers/polypyrrole, and regenerated cellulose/γ-ferric oxide/polypyrrole. We investigated the effects of electric field strength and electrode polarity on the release rate of sulfosalicylic acid (drug) in an acetate buffer solution with pH 5.5 and temperature 37 ᵒC during a period of 5 h. Drug release rate from the matrices containing carbon nanofibers (additives) increased effectively with increasing applied electric field. The mechanism of drug release from drug-doped polypyrrole coated matrices includes expansion of conductive polymer chain and the electrostatic force between electron and drug. The novelty of the work is- the matrices can also work under magnetic field and consequently, one can be beneficial from a contactless actuation. In this study, we also investigated electrical conductivity, morphology, swelling behaviour of the composite matrices, electro-active composite-drug interaction, and in vitro drug release behaviour of the matrices. Further, a comparative study was performed on the rate of drug release from the matrices induced by electric and magnetic field. Advisors/Committee Members: Al-Jumaily, Ahmed (advisor), Robertson, John (advisor), Ramos, Maximiano V (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Drug delivery; Actuation; Transdermal impalnts

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chowdhury, N. A. (n.d.). An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery . (Thesis). AUT University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chowdhury, Nargis Afroj. “An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery .” Thesis, AUT University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chowdhury, Nargis Afroj. “An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery .” Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

Chowdhury NA. An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery . [Internet] [Thesis]. AUT University; [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

Chowdhury NA. An Investigation Into Using Regenerated Cellulose-based Electro-conductive Composites for Actuation and Drug Delivery . [Thesis]. AUT University; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10292/7696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Univerzitet u Beogradu

13. Vučen, Sonja R., 1979-. Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice.

Degree: Farmaceutski fakultet, 2014, Univerzitet u Beogradu

URL: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7167/bdef:Content/get

►

Farmacija - Farmaceutska tehnologija / Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical technology

U širokoj oblasti nanotehnologija, nanomedicina predstavlja disciplinu koja se veoma brzo razvija i pruža obećavajuće mogućnosti… (more)

▼

Farmacija - Farmaceutska tehnologija / Pharmacy - Pharmaceutical technology

U širokoj oblasti nanotehnologija, nanomedicina predstavlja disciplinu koja se veoma brzo razvija i pruža obećavajuće mogućnosti za značajno poboljšanje medicinske dijagnostike i terapije. Posebno značajan istraživački interes u nanomedicini usmjeren je ka ispitivanju širokog spektra biomedicinskih nanomaterijala, razvijenih za izradu nosača dijagnostičkih sredstava i lijekova. Među brojnim biomaterijalima neorganskog i organskog porijekla, polimeri su pronašli široku upotrebu u formulaciji nanosistema za kontrolisanu i ciljanu isporuku lijekova. Poli-D,L-mliječna kiselina (PDLLA) je sintetski polimer koji je odobren za kliničku primjenu, budući da se njegovi biokompatibilni degradacioni proizvodi metabolišu i uklanjaju iz organizma ciklusom limunske kiseline. Koloidni nosači ljekovitih supstanci izrađeni od ovog polimera intenzivno se istražuju zbog svoje male veličine koja omogućava permeaciju lijeka kroz biološke barijere i njegovu produženu isporuku u ciljna tkiva. Pored sposobnosti da kontrolišu oslobađanje lijeka, polimerne nanočestice takođe poboljšavaju isporuku lijekova slabo rastvornih u vodi, smanjuju pojavu neželjenih efekata, pružaju mogućnost stabilizacije i zaštite inkorporirane ljekovite supstance od hemijske i enzimske degradacije, omogućavaju njenu bolju penetraciju i efikasniju akumulaciju na ciljnim mjestima. Imajući u vidu sve navedene aspekte, kao model supstanca u ovom radu izabran je ketoprofen, slabo rastvoran lijek u vodi koji ima kratko poluvrijeme eliminacije i ispoljava veliki broj neželjenih efekata nakon (per)oralne primjene. Osim primjene nanonosača ljekovitih supstanci, još jedan pristup za poboljšanje transdermalne isporuke lijeka je fizičko premošćavanje stratum corneum-a (SC) primjenom mikroigala. Neinvazivnom i bezbolnom primjenom mikroigala formiraju se mikrokanali u koži, koji obezbjeđuju intradermalni i transdermalni transport ljekovite supstance. Na temelju prethodnih razmatranja, osnovni cilj istraživanja ove doktorske disertacije bio je razvoj i karakterizacija polimernih nanočestičnih sistema za produženo oslobađanje ketoprofena...

Advisors/Committee Members: Vuleta, Gordana, 1951-.

Subjects/Keywords: polymeric nanoparticles; dissolvable microneedles; atomising spray; skin; transdermal drug delivery; ketoprofen

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vučen, Sonja R., 1. (2014). Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice. (Thesis). Univerzitet u Beogradu. Retrieved from https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7167/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vučen, Sonja R., 1979-. “Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice.” 2014. Thesis, Univerzitet u Beogradu. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7167/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vučen, Sonja R., 1979-. “Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vučen, Sonja R. 1. Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice. [Internet] [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7167/bdef:Content/get.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vučen, Sonja R. 1. Formulacija i karakterizacija rastvorljivih mikroigala za kontrolisanu transdermalnu isporuku ketoprofena inkapsularinog u polimerne nanočestice. [Thesis]. Univerzitet u Beogradu; 2014. Available from: https://fedorabg.bg.ac.rs/fedora/get/o:7167/bdef:Content/get

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

14. Steyn, Heidi. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn .

Degree: 2010, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3983

► Most individuals are influenced by pain at some stage in their lives. It can either be of acute or chronic nature. An acute pain condition… (more)

▼ Most individuals are influenced by pain at some stage in their lives. It can either be of acute or chronic nature. An acute pain condition initiates and is treated within a time span of 12 weeks. Chronic pain can, however, take substantially longer to treat. Chronic pain may last up to 6 months after the original injury was sustained. The after effects of chronic pain can, however, take years to heal, but physical and emotional scars may even last much longer than the initial chronic ailment. In this study the skin was chosen as an area for delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of pain at the joint and muscle tissue regions. The stratum corneum (the topmost horny layer of the skin), however bars the effective movement of chemical substances across the skin as it forms part of the skin's function to protect the superficial tissue of the body against the external environment. It furthermore plays an important role in regulation of the movement of chemicals across the skin. Sweat pores and hair follicles can be utilised as pathways for the movement of chemical substances through the stratum corneum. Physical deformation ie, hydration of the top layer of the skin, may also enhance the movement of chemicals The non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac, has been evaluated for transdermal diffusion. Three different diclofenac salts were evaluated, namely diclofenac diethylamine, diclofenac hydroxyethyl pyrrolidine and diclofenac sodium. These salts have the potential to relieve systemic pain conditions. Diclofenac salts, however, possess physicochemical characteristics that are unfavourable for transdermal diffusion. Pheroid™ delivery technology, as patented by the Northwest-University, was implemented as a method to enhance transdermal delivery of the diclofenac salts. During the study each of the diclofenac salts was formulated in a Pheroid™ and non-Pheroid™ formulation. All the formulations as well as corresponding retail products containing similar diclofenac salts were evaluated in order to determine which preparation had the most effective transdermal diffusion. High performance liquid chromatograhphy was implemented in order to determine the concentration of each salt in their various preparations. The Pheroid™ and non-Pheroid™ formulations were also compared to retail products currently available. An active ingredient flux was determined by means of Franz cell diffusion studies. Membrane diffusion studies were utilised in order to determine whether the active ingredients were effectively released from the formulated preparations and market products. Membrane diffusion studies determined that Arthruderm (the retail product containing diclofenac sodium) had the most potential to effectively release the active ingredient from the formulation (median flux 28.36 ± 0.26 ug/cm2.h"1). Franz cell diffusion studies showed no flux values for any of the evaluated preparations, including the retail products. Concentrations obtained within the epidermis and dermis were determined…

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal delivery; Stability testing; PheroidTM formulations; Diclofenac salts

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Steyn, H. (2010). Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3983

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steyn, Heidi. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn .” 2010. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3983.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steyn, Heidi. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn .” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Steyn H. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3983.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Steyn H. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of anti-inflammatory gel preparations containing diclofenac salts / by Heidi Steyn . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3983

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

15. Kruger, Lorraine. Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger .

Degree: 2008, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4028

► Local anaesthetics have been implemented extensively in the case of a variety of painful superficial procedures, venipuncture, skin graft harvesting, anal or genital pruritus, poison… (more)

▼ Local anaesthetics have been implemented extensively in the case of a variety of painful superficial procedures, venipuncture, skin graft harvesting, anal or genital pruritus, poison ivy rashes, postherpetic neuralgia and several other dermatoses. The dilemma with commercially available local acting anaesthetics is that it may take well up to an hour to produce an anaesthetic effect. Anaesthetics have to traverse the highly efficient barrier, the stratum corneum, in order to reach the intended target site which is the free nerve endings located in the dermis. The objective of this study was to compare the transdermal delivery of an eutectic combination of two ionisable amide types of local anaesthetics, lidocaine HCI and prilocaine HCI, delivered with the novel Pheroid™ technology to that of a commercially available product in order to establish whether the lag time could be significantly reduced. Several techniques of promoting the penetration of these anaesthetics have previously been employed, including occlusive dressing, entrapment in liposomes and miscelles, iontophoretic delivery and so forth. The Pheroid™ delivery system is novel technology that entails improved delivery of several active compounds. It is a submicron emulsion type formulation that possesses the ability to be transformed in morphology and size, thereby affording it tremendous flexibility. Since it primarily consists of unsaturated essential fatty acids, it is not seen as foreign to the body but rather as a skin-friendly carrier. Vertical Franz cell diffusion studies were performed over a 12 hour period using Caucasian female abdominal skin obtained, with the consent of the donor, from abdominoplastic surgery. Comparison was made between the commercial product EMLA® cream, the active local anaesthetics dissolved in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) and the active ingredients entrapped within Pheroid™ vesicles. Distinct entrapment could be ascertained visually by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The amount of drug that traversed the epidermal membrane into the receptor phase was then assayed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results obtained with the Pheroid™ vesicles revealed a biphasic character with rapid permeation during the first two hours, followed by a plateau between 3 to 12 hours. The initial dramatic increase in percentage yield and flux indicates that the Pheroid™ carrier enhances the transdermal delivery of the actives in order to accelerate the onset of action.

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal delivery; Pheroid; Lidocaine hydrochloride; Prilocaine hydrochloride; Local anaesthesia

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Kruger, L. (2008). Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4028

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kruger, Lorraine. “Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger .” 2008. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4028.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kruger, Lorraine. “Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger .” 2008. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Kruger L. Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4028.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kruger L. Pheroid technology for the transdermal delivery of lidocaine and prilocaine / Lorraine Kruger . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4028

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

16. Poon, Timothy Ho Yee. Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery.

Degree: 2013, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62281 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254366 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62281/1/th_redirect.html

► The skin is an effective barrier against the invasion of noxious chemicals and harmful pathogens. The rigidity of the outermost layer of skin, stratum corneum,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Zeolites ; Industrial applications ; Drug delivery systems ; Microinjections ; Transdermal medication

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Poon, T. H. Y. (2013). Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62281 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254366 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62281/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Poon, Timothy Ho Yee. “Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery.” 2013. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62281 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254366 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62281/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Poon, Timothy Ho Yee. “Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Poon THY. Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62281 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254366 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62281/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Poon THY. Zeolite microneedles : fabrication, mechanics and transdermal drug delivery. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2013. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-62281 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1254366 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-62281/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

17. Zhong, Baihua CBME. Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles.

Degree: 2018, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-95701 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012633567103412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-95701/1/th_redirect.html

► Ever since the day that the Chinese take the boiled tea leaves as refreshing drink, the Egyptian has their first record of celebrating their triumphant… (more)

▼ Ever since the day that the Chinese take the boiled tea leaves as refreshing drink, the Egyptian has their first record of celebrating their triumphant return with alcohols, or people from Maya civilization obtain tobacco as the “joy” and “rejoicing”, our human being happens to start on a journey of improving the quality of life. By exploring various materials with medical value, developing techniques to extracting components from raw pieces and changing the route and targets of administration, our knowledge and understanding give us a more and more precise and lusher concept of “drug”. Among all those schools and sects of “drug” exploration, “formulation” and “delivery”, two of the most mentioned words, are the focus of this study. Aiming to protect the drug from the influence of exogenous elements before reaching the target area or to achieve a longer lasting controlled release of active ingredients, formulation and reformulation is vital and determined to improve the acceptance of drug to human body. Moreover, with its properties of well-concentrated, low risk of inflammation and easy preserved, solid formulations are sharing more and more attention when it comes to formulation selection. This study provides several possibilities of developing solid formulations as reference, which includes: Solid Alginate Micro-Emulsions (SAMEs), Solid Lipid Nano-Particles (SLNPs), Magnetic Nano-Particles (MNPs), Starch-Granulate-Stabilized Emulsions (SGSEs) and Thermo-Responsive Micro-Gels (TRMGs). Synthesis pathways with materials and methods, characterizations with parameters and instruments and concluding remarks with suggestions will be displayed by each formulation. A well-designed enteral route of delivery can greatly improve the bioavailability of the applied formulation. In fact, many gateways on the human body are selected for the routes: oral, local, respiratory, parenteral, etc., all of which have their advantages and drawbacks. Among these, transdermal delivery through skin, the largest organ, is an attractive subtitle of research, as a painless but direct administration to circulatory system and immune system can be achieved. In this study, a fabricated needle patch, with microfabrication technique, is developed. A device for transdermal delivery: solid formulation-loaded micro-fabricated needle patch with specific adaptor assembled on a high-intensive focused ultrasound (HIFU) source, is designed and prototyped. A series of simulations of transdermal delivery focusing on acoustic-structure interaction are also provided, as theoretical guidelines.

Subjects/Keywords: Drug delivery systems ; Transdermal medication ; Injections, Intradermal ; Nanoparticles

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhong, B. C. (2018). Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-95701 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012633567103412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-95701/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhong, Baihua CBME. “Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles.” 2018. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-95701 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012633567103412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-95701/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhong, Baihua CBME. “Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhong BC. Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-95701 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012633567103412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-95701/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhong BC. Solid formulations for transdermal delivery via micro-fabricated needles. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2018. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-95701 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012633567103412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-95701/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

18. Yuan, Shuhong Jessica. Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.

Degree: 2009, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19250

►

The interest in microemulsions as transdermal delivery systems have been motivated by their large surface area for mass transfer, their high solubilization capacity of hydrophobic… (more)

▼

The interest in microemulsions as transdermal delivery systems have been motivated by their large surface area for mass transfer, their high solubilization capacity of hydrophobic actives, and their ability to improve skin penetration. Lecithins (mixtures of phospholipids similar to those find in the skin) have been proposed as ideal surfactants in microemulsions due to their skin compatibility. Unfortunately, their incorporation into microemulsions used to require toxic medium-chain alcohols or viscous polymeric co-surfactants. Recently, microemulsion-base “green solvents” were formulated with lecithin and linker molecules. The main objective of this dissertation was to test this concept of linker-based lecithin microemulsions in transdermal delivery. In the first part of this study, linker-based lecithin formulations were developed using soybean lecithin as main surfactant, sorbitol monooleate as lipophilic linker, and caprylic acid/sodium caprylate as hydrophilic linkers. These additives, at the suggested concentration, are safe for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. The low toxicity of these formulations was confirmed in cultured human skin tissues. The solubilization and permeation of a common anaesthetic, lidocaine, was evaluated. The concept of “skin” permeability was introduced to account for the differences in solvent-skin partition when comparing different delivery systems. The linker-based lecithin microemulsion produced a substantial absorption of lidocaine into the skin, when compared to a conventional pentanol-lecithin microemulsion. The second part of this study takes advantage of the lidocaine adsorbed in the skin with the linker-based lecithin microemulsion as reservoir for in situ skin patches. The in situ patches were able to release 90% of the lidocaine over 24 hours, which is comparable to the release profile obtained from conventional polymer or gel-based patches. In the third part of this work, the role of surfactant droplets on the transport of lidocaine was studied. A mass balance model that accounted for mass transfer and partition coefficients was introduced. The parameters generated from the model confirm that in most cases the transport through the skin limits the overall penetration of lidocaine. Besides the conventional diffusion mechanism, the results suggest that surfactant droplets, carrying lidocaine, also penetrate into the skin and contribute to the accumulation of the lidocaine in the skin.

PhD

Advisors/Committee Members: Acosta, Edgar, Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry.

Subjects/Keywords: lecithin microemulsions; transdermal drug delivery

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yuan, S. J. (2009). Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19250

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yuan, Shuhong Jessica. “Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19250.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yuan, Shuhong Jessica. “Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems.” 2009. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Yuan SJ. Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19250.

Council of Science Editors:

Yuan SJ. Linker-based Lecithin Microemulsions as Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/19250

University of Bath

19. Woodford, Andrew. Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Bath

URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/modelling-the-skin-and-systemic-dispositions-of-amino-acids-to-assess-the-potential-for-transdermal-noninvasive-monitoring-phenylalanine-as-a-case-study(b4da8b48-e9f4-4d3f-964d-ae0f116cb575).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715255

► This thesis investigates the potential for monitoring current and historic blood serum concentrations of amino acids via transdermal extraction using phenylalanine as a case study.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 616; Reverse iontophoresis; Transdermal delivery; Phenylalanine; amino acid

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Woodford, A. (2017). Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/modelling-the-skin-and-systemic-dispositions-of-amino-acids-to-assess-the-potential-for-transdermal-noninvasive-monitoring-phenylalanine-as-a-case-study(b4da8b48-e9f4-4d3f-964d-ae0f116cb575).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715255

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Woodford, Andrew. “Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/modelling-the-skin-and-systemic-dispositions-of-amino-acids-to-assess-the-potential-for-transdermal-noninvasive-monitoring-phenylalanine-as-a-case-study(b4da8b48-e9f4-4d3f-964d-ae0f116cb575).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715255.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Woodford, Andrew. “Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Woodford A. Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/modelling-the-skin-and-systemic-dispositions-of-amino-acids-to-assess-the-potential-for-transdermal-noninvasive-monitoring-phenylalanine-as-a-case-study(b4da8b48-e9f4-4d3f-964d-ae0f116cb575).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715255.

Council of Science Editors:

Woodford A. Modelling the skin and systemic dispositions of amino acids to assess the potential for transdermal, non-invasive monitoring : phenylalanine as a case study. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2017. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/modelling-the-skin-and-systemic-dispositions-of-amino-acids-to-assess-the-potential-for-transdermal-noninvasive-monitoring-phenylalanine-as-a-case-study(b4da8b48-e9f4-4d3f-964d-ae0f116cb575).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.715255

University of Toronto

20. Xuan, Xiao Yue. Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery.

Degree: 2011, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32214

►

Microemulsions have gained interest from the pharmaceutical industry due to their ability to co-solubilize hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs, and to provide enhanced drug penetration. In… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: lecithin microemulsion; microemulsion-based gel; transdermal drug delivery; ophthalmic drug delivery; 0542

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Xuan, X. Y. (2011). Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32214

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xuan, Xiao Yue. “Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32214.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xuan, Xiao Yue. “Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery.” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Xuan XY. Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32214.

Council of Science Editors:

Xuan XY. Lecithin-linker Microemulsion-based gels for Drug Delivery. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32214

Georgia Tech

21. Andrews, Samantha Nacole. Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery.

Degree: PhD, Biomedical Engineering, 2010, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37150

► The skin serves as a semi-permeable barrier that protects the body from pathogens and water loss. The stratum corneum, the upper 10-15 µm layer of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Microdermabrasion; Transdermal drug delivery; Skin; Transdermal medication

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Andrews, S. N. (2010). Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37150

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Andrews, Samantha Nacole. “Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37150.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Andrews, Samantha Nacole. “Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery.” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Andrews SN. Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37150.

Council of Science Editors:

Andrews SN. Microdermabrasion for transdermal drug delivery. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/37150

22. Jain, Sanjay K. Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -.

Degree: Pharmaceutical Science, 1991, INFLIBNET

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/48887

None

Appendix is given

Advisors/Committee Members: Dixit, V K.

Subjects/Keywords: Drug Delivery System; Drugs; Polymeric Transdermal

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jain, S. K. (1991). Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -. (Thesis). INFLIBNET. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/48887

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jain, Sanjay K. “Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -.” 1991. Thesis, INFLIBNET. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/48887.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jain, Sanjay K. “Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -.” 1991. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jain SK. Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -. [Internet] [Thesis]. INFLIBNET; 1991. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/48887.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jain SK. Development of Polymeric Transdermal Drug Delivery System of Some Drugs; -. [Thesis]. INFLIBNET; 1991. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/48887

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

23. Roussel, Laurène. Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization.

Degree: Docteur es, Sciences du médicament, physico-chimie et ingénierie appliquées à la santé, 2015, Université Claude Bernard – Lyon I

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10103

►

Des formes galéniques spécialement étudiées permettent l'administration topique d'un médicament ou d'un actif cosmétique afin d'obtenir un effet local ou une action systémique. Les excipients… (more)

▼

Des formes galéniques spécialement étudiées permettent l'administration topique d'un médicament ou d'un actif cosmétique afin d'obtenir un effet local ou une action systémique. Les excipients présents dans la formulation, comme les tensioactifs dans les solutions micellaires, émulsions, microémulsions, nanoémulsions, nanostructures, peuvent être alors des éléments influençant la pénétration et la perméation de l'actif. L'étude de leurs effets sur la barrière cutanée peut être utile afin de choisir au mieux les différents composés de la formulation. L'objectif de cette thèse a été d'étudier l'effet de différents tensioactifs (alkylpolyglucosides, lipoaminoacides, alcools gras éthoxylés et copolymères à blocs de type Poloxamer) en solution aqueuse sur la structure et la fonction barrière de la peau, grâce à des techniques d'infrarouge à transformée de Fourier, de calorimétrie différentielle à balayage, de mesure de la perte insensible en eau et de microscopie électronique à transmission. L'objectif spécifique de ce travail a porté sur l'étude de l'absorption cutanée ex vivo de trois principes actifs de lipophilie différente (caféine, kétoprofène et progestérone) à travers un modèle de peau animale co-traitée par différents tensioactifs. Plus spécifiquement, la pénétration de la progestérone au sein des différentes couches de la peau a été étudiée compte tenu de sa lipophilie élevée limitant son passage dans les couches cutanées plus hydrophiles. A l'issue de ces travaux, nous montrons que les tensioactifs peuvent exercer non seulement des effets sur l'organisation lamellaire des lipides intercornéocytaires mais aussi sur les cornéocytes du stratum corneum (SC). Par ailleurs, ces différents résultats ont permis de définir les structures chimiques des tensioactifs favorisant l'absorption cutanée de principes actifs. Les tensioactifs anioniques comportant une chaîne aliphatique de 12 carbones augmentent sélectivement la perméation cutanée de principes actifs hydrophiles et la pénétration de principes actifs lipophiles dans les tissus cutanés. La pénétration cutanée de principes actifs est étroitement corrélée à la taille des micelles de tensioactif susceptible de s'incorporer dans les espaces intercornéocytaires du SC. Enfin, la valeur de concentration micellaire critique est une propriété physico-chimique permettant d'expliquer en partie l'effet des tensioactifs sur leur perméabilité cutanée

Dosage forms specially designed allow the topical administration of drugs or cosmetic active ingredients to obtain a local effect or a systemic action. Excipients, such as surfactants in micellar solutions, emulsions, microemulsions, nanoemulsions, nanostructures can influence the drug penetration and permeation. Understanding their effects on skin barrier is helpful in the choice of surfactant. The aim of this thesis was to study the effect of different surfactants (alkylpolyglucosides, lipoaminoacids, ethoxylated fatty alcohol and copolymers blocks) in aqueous solution on the skin barrier structure and function, using techniques…

Advisors/Committee Members: Pirot, Fabrice (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Tensioactif; Barrière cutanée; Perméation transcutanée; Micelle; Surfactant; Skin barrier function; Transdermal drug delivery; Micelle; 615.19

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Roussel, L. (2015). Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Claude Bernard – Lyon I. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10103

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roussel, Laurène. “Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Claude Bernard – Lyon I. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10103.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roussel, Laurène. “Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Roussel L. Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Claude Bernard – Lyon I; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10103.

Council of Science Editors:

Roussel L. Modulateurs moléculaires de l'absorption cutanée : analyse de la structure-activité de tensioactifs et caractérisation du transport cutané : Chemical skin absorption modulators : surfactant structure-activity and cutaneous absorption characterization. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Claude Bernard – Lyon I; 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10103

New Jersey Institute of Technology

24. Qiu, Hui. QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms.

Degree: MSin Pharmaceutical Bioprocessing - (M.S.), Chemical, Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, 2013, New Jersey Institute of Technology

URL: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/162

► The applications of transdermal delivery are limited because of the resistance of the skin to drug diffusion. Only potent drugs, with molecular weight less… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Transdermal delivery; Chemical penetration enhancers; Chemical penetration enhancer structures; Chemical Engineering; Pharmaceutics and Drug Design

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APA (6^th Edition):

Qiu, H. (2013). QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms. (Thesis). New Jersey Institute of Technology. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/162

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Qiu, Hui. “QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms.” 2013. Thesis, New Jersey Institute of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/162.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Qiu, Hui. “QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Qiu H. QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms. [Internet] [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/162.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Qiu H. QSAR modeling of chemical penetration enhancers using novel replacement algorithms. [Thesis]. New Jersey Institute of Technology; 2013. Available from: https://digitalcommons.njit.edu/theses/162

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

25. Benade, Reinette. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade .

Degree: 2009, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3982

► Extra pulmonary tuberculosis makes up 10% of all tuberculosis cases and cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) only a fraction of this 10%. CTB is caused by mainly… (more)

▼ Extra pulmonary tuberculosis makes up 10% of all tuberculosis cases and cutaneous tuberculosis (CTB) only a fraction of this 10%. CTB is caused by mainly Mycobacterium tuberculosis and can lead to scarring and deformities. The disease presents in different forms, from superficial granulomas to deeper ulceration and necrosis. Tissue cultures, polymerase chain reactions or purified protein derivative staining is used for the diagnosis of CTB (Barbagallo etal., 2002:320). Since the current treatment for CTB is oral anti-tubercular regimens and no topical treatment is available yet (Barbagallo et a!., 2002:320), this study aims to provide a topical preparation of isoniazide and rifampicin which will prevent the deformities and scarring caused by CTB and deliver quicker healing. This topical preparation is to be used in addition to oral treatment. Isoniazide and rifampicin are powerful first-line anti-tubercular drugs, active against both intra- and extracellular bacteria (SAMF, 2005:293). Human skin is a resistant and protective barrier against the external environment and the stratum corneum is the main barrier against diffusion of compounds through the skin (Williams, 2003:9). The physicochemical characteristics (lipophilicity and molecular size) of neither isoniazide nor rifampicin are optimal for penetration of the stratum corneum and the skin-friendly Pheroid™ delivery system was incorporated in two of the formulations to investigate the possibility of improving drug delivery. In this study the transdermal delivery of isoniazide and rifampicin was studied after formulation into four different topical preparations. The stability of these formulations were determined over a six month period under three different conditions of temperature and humidity (25°C/60% RH (relative humidity), 30°C/60% RH and 40°C/75% RH). Isoniazide and rifampicin were formulated into two Pheroid™ and two non-Pheroid™ spray formulations: lotion, Pheroid™ lotion, emulgel and Pheroid™ emulgel. Micrographs were taken with a confocal laser scanning microscope and it was seen that the formulations were homogenous and oil droplets were smaller than 10 urn, allowing permeation through skin. Vertical Franz diffusion cells were used for in vitro permeation studies, with cellulose acetate membranes, for 12 h periods at pH 7.4, to determine drug release. The donor phase was the formulation, with 5 mg/ml of isoniazide and 10 mg/ml of rifampicin. The actives were released from the formulations and small concentrations penetrated the membranes. Release for isoniazide was best from the Pheroid™ emulgel and for rifampicin from the Pheroid™ lotion. Thus it can be concluded that the Pheroid™ improved drug release. The diffusion study was repeated, substituting the membranes with female abdominal skin in order to investigate transdermal delivery. Isoniazide and rifampicin failed to permeate the skin from any of the formulations and no isoniazide or rifampicin could be found in the skin by means of tape stripping after 12 h. Stability tests performed…

Subjects/Keywords: Cutaneous tuberculosis; Transdermal delivery; Pheroid; Vertical Franz cells; Diffusion study; Stability testing

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Benade, R. (2009). Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3982

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Benade, Reinette. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade .” 2009. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3982.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Benade, Reinette. “Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade .” 2009. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Benade R. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3982.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Benade R. Formulation, in vitro release and transdermal diffusion of isoniazide and rifampicin for dermal tuberculosis / Reinette Benade . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3982

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

26. Van Dyk, Christina Petronella. Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk .

Degree: 2008, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1905

► 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a pyrimidine analogue, indicated for the therapy of proliferative skin diseases such as actinic keratosis (AK), superficial basal cell carcinoma and psoriasis.… (more)

▼ 5-Fluorouracil (5FU) is a pyrimidine analogue, indicated for the therapy of proliferative skin diseases such as actinic keratosis (AK), superficial basal cell carcinoma and psoriasis. It has also been used for the treatment of solid tumours like colorectal, breast and liver carcinomas for nearly 40 years. Although 5FU has always been administered parenterally and orally, metabolism is rapid and absorption is erratic. Several severe side-effects are also commonly associated with 5FU therapy, including myelosuppression, hand-foot syndrome and gastrointestinal effects. Seeing that 5FU is an important part of the treatment of several malignant and pre-malignant disorders, it would be advantageous to find a delivery route and delivery system that negate absorption and metabolic variation and decrease side-effects. The transdermal route provides a promising alternative to the above-mentioned conventional delivery routes, solving most of the problems associated with parenteral and oral administration. That being said, the formidable barrier situated in the skin is not easily breached. The stratum corneum, the outermost skin layer, is mostly lipophilic in nature, preventing hydrophilic molecules such as 5FU from entering. 5FU-containing creams and lotions are currently commercially available, but absorption is still very limited. The transdermal absorption from these formulations has been compared to that obtained with the use of new transdermal delivery vehicles, with the newer formulations proving to be promising. It was decided to entrap 5FU in a novel therapeutic system, in the form of the Pheroid™ system, to increase its transdermal penetration. Pheroid™ vesicles are stable spherical structures in a unique, emulsion-like formulation, and fall in the submicron range. The main components of the Pheroid™ system are the ethyl esters of the essential fatty acids linoleic acid and linolenic acid, as well as the cys-form of oleic acid, and water. The formulation is saturated with nitrous oxide (N20). Although Pheroid™ vesicles may resemble other lipid-based vehicles, such as liposomes and micro-emulsions, they are unique in the sense that they have inherent therapeutic qualities as well. The Pheroid™ formulation can be specifically manipulated to yield different types of vesicles, ensuring a fast transport rate, high entrapment efficiency, rapid delivery and stability of the delivery system for a specific drug. In this study, 5FU was entrapped in the Pheroid™ formulation. Transdermal permeation studies were then performed to evaluate the influence of this delivery system on the transdermal flux of 5FU. Vertical Franz diffusion cells were utilised to determine the transdermal penetration of 5FU. Only Caucasian female abdominal skin was used to minimise physiological variables. Diffusion studies were done over 12 hour periods, with the entire receptor phase being withdrawn at predetermined intervals. Samples were analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after which the cumulative…

Subjects/Keywords: 5-Fluorouracil; Franz diffusion cell; Heat separated epidermis; Skin penetration; Transdermal; Drug delivery system; PheroidTM

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Van Dyk, C. P. (2008). Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1905

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van Dyk, Christina Petronella. “Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk .” 2008. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1905.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van Dyk, Christina Petronella. “Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk .” 2008. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Van Dyk CP. Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1905.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van Dyk CP. Transdermal delivery of 5-Fluorouracil with PheroidTM technology / C.P. van Dyk . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1905

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

27. Vermaas, Monique. Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M.

Degree: 2010, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6977

► Non–melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common human malignancy and it is estimated that over 1.3 million cases are diagnosed each year in the… (more)

▼ Non–melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common human malignancy and it is estimated that over 1.3 million cases are diagnosed each year in the United States (Neville et al., 2007:462). There are three main types of NMSC, which include basal–cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous–cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM). Exposure to ultra–violet (UV) radiation plays a major role in the aetiology of these three skin cancer types (Franceschi et al., 1996:24). 5–Fluorouracil is an antineoplastic pyrimidine analogue that functions as an anti–metabolite. It interferes with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), and to a lesser extent, with RNA (ribonucleic acid) synthesis by blocking the methylation of deoxyuridylic acid into thymidylic acid. It is used in topical preparations for the treatment of actinic keratosis (AK) and NMSC. The cure rate with topical 5–fluorouracil is partly reflected by the degree of erythema, erosions, and eventual crusting which develop at the sites of treatment. This reaction often attains the best clinical response, but in turn, frustrates patients, which may lead to patient incompliance (McGillis & Fein, 2004:175). Due to the hydrophilic nature of 5–fluorouracil, the transdermal permeation through the lipophilic stratum corneum is very low and trivial (Singh et al., 2005:99). Transdermal drug delivery is the delivery of a chemical substance across the skin to reach the systemic circulation (Prausnitz et al., 2004:115). This unique drug transport mechanism suggests many advantages that include safety, patient compliance, user–friendliness, efficiency and non–invasiveness (Fang et al., 2004:241). The stratum corneum is a specialised structure that forms part of several anatomically distinct layers of the skin. Seeing that it is the outermost layer, it provides protection to the skin. It is known as the main barrier to percutaneous absorption of compounds, as well as water loss, through the skin (Bouwstra et al., 2003:4). This study focussed on the formulation of six different types of semisolid formulations, containing 0.5% 5–fluorouracil. The formulations included: a cream, Pheroid cream, emulgel, Pheroid emulgel, lotion and Pheroid lotion. Pheroid refers to a delivery system which was incorporated in the formulations in an attempt to enhance the penetration of 5–fluorouracil into the skin. This drug delivery system consists of unique and stable lipid–based submicronand micron–sized structures, formulated in an emulsion. The dispersed Pheroid structures largely comprise of natural essential fatty acids, which have an affinity for the cell membranes of the human body (Grobler et al., 2008:284–285). These formulations were manufactured in large quantities and stored at three different temperatures, each with their respective relative humidity (RH): 25 °C/60% RH, 30 °C/60% RH and 40 °C/70% RH, for a period of six months. Stability tests were conducted on each of these formulations on the day of manufacture (month 0), and then after 1, 2, 3 and 6 months. The …

Subjects/Keywords: 5-fluorouracil; Skin cancer; Transdermal delivery; Formulation; Stability; 5-fluorourasiel; Velkanker; Transdermale aflewering; Formulering; Stabiliteit

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Vermaas, M. (2010). Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M. (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6977

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vermaas, Monique. “Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M. ” 2010. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6977.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vermaas, Monique. “Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M. ” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vermaas M. Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M. [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6977.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Vermaas M. Formulation of 5–Fluorouracil for transdermal delivery / Vermaas M. [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6977

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

28. Juluri, Abhishek. Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs.

Degree: PhD, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, 2015, University of Mississippi

URL: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/721

► Iontophoresis is one of the most widely studied active technique for enhancing transdermal delivery of drugs. However, its ability to enhance the delivery of highly… (more)

▼ Iontophoresis is one of the most widely studied active technique for enhancing transdermal delivery of drugs. However, its ability to enhance the delivery of highly lipophilic compounds is poor due to lack of any charge and poor water solubility of molecules. Propofol, a sedative and anesthetic drug was chosen as a one of the model lipophilic drug in this study. Initially, feasibility of delivery of propofol phosphate, a water soluble prodrug of propofol, via transdermal route using iontophoresis in combination with chemical permeation enhancers was investigated. Cathodal iontophoresis in combination with 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulphate synergistically enhanced the flux of propofol phosphate. The Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rat model and the results suggest the plausibility of achieving therapeutically relevant levels of propofol when delivered via transdermal route. However, the pharmacodynamics studies revealed that propofol phosphate would be required at ∼10X the dose of propofol likely due to hydrophilicity and poor distribution into the brain. Therefore, it is crucial to discover approaches that would enhance the transdermal delivery of propofol in its parent form. The objective of using iontophoresis is to eventually utilize the feasibility of the technology to develop a programmable transdermal drug delivery system. Thus, transdermal delivery of propofol was studied by complexing with sulfobutyl ether-β-cyclodextrin (Captisol® CAP), a β-cyclodextrin derivative carrying ionizable groups to render propofol amenable to iontophoresis. The passive permeation flux of propofol was enhanced by four fold due to complexation with CAP. Application of iontophoresis (0.5 mA/cm2) to CAP-propofol solution enhanced the transport of propofol by an additional four fold. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a significant enhancement in the bioavailability of propofol when delivery in the form of complex by iontophoresis. Further, in vitro transport studies carried out using ibuprofen and testosterone demonstrated the potential of CAP as transport enhancer for lipophilic drugs. From the mechanistic studies, the enhancement in the transport of lipophilic drugs after complexation was found to be due to multiple mechanisms such as transport of intact complex, enhanced thermodynamic activity of drug at the interface and prolonged recovery of barrier disrupted due to iontophoresis. Advisors/Committee Members: Narasimha S. Murthy, Dhammika Nanayakkara, Seongbong Jo.

Subjects/Keywords: Captisol; Drug Delivery; Iontophoresis; Lipophilic; Transdermal; Transport Enhancer; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Juluri, A. (2015). Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Mississippi. Retrieved from https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/721

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Juluri, Abhishek. “Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mississippi. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/721.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Juluri, Abhishek. “Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Juluri A. Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/721.

Council of Science Editors:

Juluri A. Transdermal Iontophoretic Delivery Of Lipophilic Drugs. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2015. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/721

29. Modepalli, Naresh. Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment.

Degree: PhD, Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, 2015, University of Mississippi

URL: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/732

► Iron is an integral part of hemoglobin and essential for the production of red blood cells. Iron deficiency and the resulting anemia are major nutritional… (more)

▼ Iron is an integral part of hemoglobin and essential for the production of red blood cells. Iron deficiency and the resulting anemia are major nutritional deficiency disorders. The majority of patient populations suffering from iron deficiency anemia (IDA) are women of child bearing age and children of all ages. Iron deficiency is a complication of various other chronic conditions. Oral iron salts or colloidal parenteral iron formulations are treatment options for iron replenishment since several decades, but they are associated with severe side effects along with other patient noncompliance issues. Transdermal delivery of iron could be a potential alternative to treat iron deficiency due to safety and offers more acceptability. Since conventional iron formulations are not suitable for transdermal delivery, quest for an ideal iron compound resulted in identification of soluble Ferric Pyrophosphate (FPP), which was demonstrated to be very stable and safe for parenteral administration. Passive delivery of FPP was not successful due to its high molecular weight (745 Da) and low lipid solubility. Transdermal delivery of FPP using chemical permeation enhancers, iontophoresis, microneedle pretreatment and combination of these techniques were evaluated and proved to be successful in delivering iron across the skin. When iontophoresis was combined with microneedle pretreatment, adequate iron could be delivered in anemic rat models to reverse the iron deficiency. Further, a safe and patient friendly iron delivery system was developed by incorporating FPP in soluble microneedles. In vitro and in vivo studies were carried out to evaluate the FPP release and dermal kinetic profile of the iron from the soluble microneedles. Safety and toxicity of FPP in human skin cell lines was also investigated. The feasibility of transdermal delivery of Iron-dextran was also evaluated. Passive delivery of iron dextran is impossible due to its high molecular weight. Microneedle assisted delivery of iron dextran was investigated and soluble microneedle system with iron dextran was developed. Overall, the results of the project suggest that transdermal delivery of iron could be a potential alternate to treat IDA. Iron replenishment via transdermal route is likely to be more effective and safer than the conventional routes of administration. Advisors/Committee Members: Narasimha S. Murthy, Samir A. Ross, Bonnie A. Avery.

Subjects/Keywords: Ferric Pyrophosphate; Iontophoresis; Iron Deficiency Anemia; Iron-Dextran; Microneedles; Transdermal Delivery; Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Modepalli, N. (2015). Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Mississippi. Retrieved from https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/732

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Modepalli, Naresh. “Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Mississippi. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/732.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Modepalli, Naresh. “Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Modepalli N. Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/732.

Council of Science Editors:

Modepalli N. Novel Delivery Systems For Iron Replenishment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Mississippi; 2015. Available from: https://egrove.olemiss.edu/etd/732

Curtin University of Technology

30. Krishnan, Gayathri. Skin penetration enhancement techniques .

Degree: 2011, Curtin University of Technology

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1471

► Transdermal drug delivery is an effective alternative to conventional oral and injectable drug delivery routes. It offers painless and convenient once daily or even once… (more)

▼ Transdermal drug delivery is an effective alternative to conventional oral and injectable drug delivery routes. It offers painless and convenient once daily or even once weekly dosing for a variety of clinical indications. The major limitation to successful transdermal drug delivery is the efficient barrier properties of the skin. Significant research efforts have been focused on developing strategies to overcome these barrier properties. These strategies include the use of physical and chemical penetration enhancers. Physical skin penetration enhancers use an external energy source to alter the barrier properties of the skin. The current research focuses on some of these physical skin penetration enhancers on a range of drug molecules and peptides.The first technology investigated was Dermaportation that utilised pulsed electromagnetic energy. This technology enhanced the epidermal permeation of naltrexone in vitro as compared to passive diffusion. A 5-fold increase in naltrexone permeation was observed during Dermaportation application when compared to passive administration. Multiphoton tomography-fluorescence life-time imaging microscopy (MPT-FLIM) analysis of the permeation of gold nanoparticles in the presence of Dermaportation revealed increased penetration across ex vivo human skin. These results demonstrated that the channels created by dermaportation must be larger than the 10 nm diameter of the applied nanoparticles.The second technology investigated was an unpowered magnetic film array technology (ETP), which utilised unpowered magnetic energy. Chapter 3 presents enhanced epidermal permeation of urea with ETP. A 4-fold increase in urea penetration was observed across human epidermis in the in vitro permeation study. Optical resonance tomography was used to visualise the changes in epidermal thickness due to urea permeation as an indication of increased hydration. The results revealed an increase in epidermal thickness at 30 min, to 16% for ETP induced urea permeation as compared to 3% with urea from occlusion. These results further substantiated our previous findings that magnetic energy creates hydrophilic diffusion channels or pores in the skin.The third technology investigated was low-frequency sonophoresis that utilises cavitation bubbles as a force to create channels for drug delivery in the skin. Chapter 4 presents enhanced human skin permeation of 5-aminolevuleninic acid in vitro and curcumin dye in vivo with low-frequency sonophoresis. Two different sources of ultrasound devices that generated low-frequency sonophoresis were investigated. MPT-FLIM analysis was utilised to investigate the effects of sonophoresis on human skin in vivo. This revealed that there was substantial disturbance in the epidermal cells due to cavitation by sonophoresis. Permeation of curcumin was found in the deeper layers of the epidermal membrane with 55 kHz sonophoresis and was confined to the more superficial layers of skin with 21 kHz sonophoresis. Permeation of 5-aminolevuleninic acid across human skin increased…

Subjects/Keywords: skin penetration; transdermal drug delivery; chemical skin penetration enhancers; physical skin penetration enhancers

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Krishnan, G. (2011). Skin penetration enhancement techniques . (Thesis). Curtin University of Technology. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1471

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Krishnan, Gayathri. “Skin penetration enhancement techniques .” 2011. Thesis, Curtin University of Technology. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1471.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Krishnan, Gayathri. “Skin penetration enhancement techniques .” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Krishnan G. Skin penetration enhancement techniques . [Internet] [Thesis]. Curtin University of Technology; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1471.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Krishnan G. Skin penetration enhancement techniques . [Thesis]. Curtin University of Technology; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1471

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations