You searched for subject:(Trade Costs).
Showing records 1 – 30 of
141 total matches.
◁ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] ▶
University of Nairobi
1.
Odero, Paul O. O.
Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
.
Degree: 2016, University of Nairobi
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/97391 
► Empirical studies that link measurement of trade costs, aid for trade and trade diversification are rare. Previous research in this area use direct trade cost…
(more)
▼ Empirical studies that link measurement of trade costs, aid for trade and trade diversification are rare. Previous research in this area use direct trade cost measurements like transport charges, tariffs, freight rates and composite indexes as proxies for trade cost. It is within this costing framework that this thesis seeks to make an empirical contribution to literature and fill a methodological gap of constructing a single measurement of trade cost, using trade flows, and subsequently empirically determine how aid for trade and trade cost affect trade outcomes. The broad finding is that bilateral trade costs have been declining between East African Community partner countries. While aid for trade invested in economic infrastructure positively affect exports, and trade costs hinder the extent of Kenya‟s export trade diversification. Trade flows are used to measure trade costs. With an objective to construct a theoretically consistent measurement of trade costs that account for intra-domestic trade, the use of trade data includes both direct and unobservable cost factors. Since reductions in trade barriers shift resources between the tradable and non-tradable sectors, they change trade flows. Using bilateral trade data between EAC partner countries, a gravity model is used to measure bilateral costs between the countries. The gravity-based measurement provides a good approximation of bilateral trade costs and shows that EAC partner countries‟ bilateral trade costs have been declining. The empirical verification of the equivalence of tariff costs confirmed that the measurement is explained by traditional gravity variables like distance, borders and membership to Regional Trade Arrangements. The thesis investigates the relationship between aid for trade and export trade within a gravity model. It makes use of data on economic infrastructure, and policy and regulation reforms in Kenya, as reported by the Organization for Economic Corporation and Development Credit
v
Reporting System. The empirical model estimation determines that aid for trade that improves economic infrastructure and the policy environment is a significant determinant of exports in Kenya. Indeed, Aid for Trade invested in economic infrastructure has a positive and significant effect even when aid for policy is not included in the model and when endogeneity is addressed in the estimations. Finally, using export trade data at Harmonised System for 8 digit level for manufactured goods, the thesis calculates the extent of trade diversification in the extensive margin and empirically determines how trade costs affect trade diversification. The measurement confirm that export of manufactured goods from Kenya to the East Africa Community trading partners is less diversified, and is affected negatively by trade costs as measured by the tariff equivalent bilateral costs. The results reported in this thesis should assist policy makers to understand the patterns and determinants of trade costs, what category of aid for trade is significant in prompting…
Subjects/Keywords: Measuring Trade Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Odero, P. O. O. (2016). Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
. (Thesis). University of Nairobi. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11295/97391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Odero, Paul O O. “Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
.” 2016. Thesis, University of Nairobi. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11295/97391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Odero, Paul O O. “Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Odero POO. Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/97391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Odero POO. Measuring trade costs and the effect of aid for trade facilitation in the east african community
. [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11295/97391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Oregon State University
2.
Wu, Qian.
Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries.
Degree: PhD, Applied Economics, 2012, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34359
► Firms' participation in exporting or foreign direct investment is an extremely rare behavior: only 4 percent of over 5.5 million U.S. firms were exporters in…
(more)
▼ Firms' participation in exporting or foreign direct investment is an extremely rare behavior: only 4 percent of over 5.5 million U.S. firms were exporters in 2000. Exporters are generally larger (e.g. output and employment) and more productive than firms serving only domestic markets. Such heterogeneity within a narrowly defined industry cannot be fully explained by either comparative advantage arguments or the presence of scale economies and consumers' love of variety. Recent studies of heterogeneous firms show that a reduction in
trade costs, i.e. policy, geographic and institutional barriers, has two effects within an industry previously not recognized in
trade literature: (i) exit of low productivity firms, and (ii) resource reallocation in favor of high productivity firms. These two effects combine to raise an industry's average productivity and overall welfare, but can adversely affect some regions of an economy with firm closures or job losses.
The objective of this dissertation is to examine the effects of
trade costs on firm entry, exit, and employment at a regional level in the United States. For this purpose, industry-specific
trade costs by U.S. regions are derived and their underlying sources are examined. The chosen
trade-
costs measure, based on the gravity equation, captures the variation over time in
trade fictions among countries. Data from the Census Bureau and the World Bank are employed to quantify
trade costs by U.S. industries and regions. Results show that a single measure of
trade costs for the United States does not adequately represent the large number of and diverse regions through which
trade in agriculture and manufacturing occurs. Moreover, geographic factors appear to be relatively more important than policy barriers in explaining the level of
trade costs faced by U.S. regions.
Drawing on recent heterogeneous firms models, this dissertation specifies an empirical framework to examine: (i) firm entry or exit arising from changes in
trade costs, i.e. extensive margin, and (ii) changes in employment of surviving firms creation arising from changes in
trade costs, i.e. intensive margin. These two hypotheses are tested using regional business dynamics data from the Census Bureau and
trade cost measures derived earlier. Results show that
trade cost changes affect firm exit and employment as hypothesized. That is, lowering
trade costs increases the likelihood of firm exit, presumably of the low-productivity ones. Thus,
trade costs, by way of the extensive margin, affect an industry's average productivity. Similarly,
trade costs appear to affect the employment of surviving firms suggesting that the intensive margin also operates to improve average productivity of an industry, such as through resource reallocation towards high-productivity firms.
The intra-industry reallocation of resources to high productivity firms is an important source of gains from
trade to the whole economy. Nonetheless, some regions face firm exit and job losses. In assessing the gains from
trade,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Gopinath, Munisamy (advisor), Buccola, Steven T. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Trade; Retail trade – United States – Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Wu, Q. (2012). Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34359
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Wu, Qian. “Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34359.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Wu, Qian. “Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Wu Q. Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34359.
Council of Science Editors:
Wu Q. Trade costs and business dynamics in U.S. regions and industries. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/34359
Oregon State University
3.
Harrison, Virden Leslie.
An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas.
Degree: MS, Agricultural Economics, 1966, Oregon State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18528
► The objectives of this study are: (1) Determine and compare the relative costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho…
(more)
▼ The objectives of this study are:
(1) Determine and compare the relative costs of
producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise,
Idaho areas for the year 1964.
(2) Determine by analysis the extent of inefficiencies
in milk production and whether adjustments can be made.
(3) Determine adjustments and investments needed to
change from producing non-Grade A milk to Grade A production
and the economic feasibility of such a change under varying
conditions.
(4) Determine why dairy farmers have quit dairying in
recent years in Oregon.
Thirty dairymen in each of the Portland and Boise areas
were interviewed. Their dairy operations were analyzed and
compared with each other. Comparisons were also made among
herd sizes, feeding systems, and breed of cows in an attempt
to determine reasons for differences which were found to
exist.
Results showed that Boise dairymen had advantages over
Portland dairymen in higher milk production per cow, lower
labor costs, and higher prices received for cull cows and
young stock. Portland dairymen received a higher milk
price. Some 30% of the dairymen interviewed in the Portland
area and 59% in the Boise area had more total receipts than
expenses.
In general, dairymen with larger herd sizes have a
potentially greater net return to the factors of production
than those with smaller herd sizes. Dairymen feeding pasture
had significantly less total feed costs per cow than
dairymen whose caws received no pasture. No significant
differences in expenses or receipts were found which could
be specifically attributable to breed of cows.
The production of milk and butterfat per cow was the
most important factor in the profitability of dairying.
Other factors exerting considerable influence were herd size and efficiency in the use of feed and labor.
Many non-Grade A dairymen in Oregon considering upgrading
facilities to meet Grade A standards can pay off
the entire cost of upgrading within two or three years time
from the increase in milk price. The feasibility of upgrading
is proportional to herd size, milk production per
cow, and price spread between Grade A and non-Grade A milk.
Questionnaires were sent to 497 ex-dairymen in Oregon
to determine their reasons for leaving dairying. Some 377.
of those whose questionnaires were analyzed, indicated they
quit because of factors somewhat beyond their control such
as age, health, or natural disaster. Another 28% indicated
they left dairying mainly because of low milk price and/or
high production costs ("cost-price squeeze").
Subjects/Keywords: Milk trade – Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Harrison, V. L. (1966). An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18528
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Harrison, Virden Leslie. “An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas.” 1966. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18528.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Harrison, Virden Leslie. “An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas.” 1966. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Harrison VL. An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1966. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18528.
Council of Science Editors:
Harrison VL. An analysis of the costs of producing Grade A milk in the Portland, Oregon and Boise, Idaho areas. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1966. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18528
University of Houston
4.
Magames, Eirini.
Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2020, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6637
► This dissertation investigates empirically and quantitatively the determinants of containerization in the United States. Although containers were introduced in international trade in 1966, not all…
(more)
▼ This dissertation investigates empirically and quantitatively the determinants of containerization in the United States. Although containers were introduced in international
trade in 1966, not all exports that could be containerized are containerized. The containerized share of containerizable exports grew from 61 percent in 2010 to 69 percent in 2018. The majority of this growth is driven by increase in the share of each product that is containerized, rather than a shift from exports of products that are less containerized towards exports of products that are highly containerized. This finding is consistent with supply shocks, such as declining container transport
costs, as the driver of growth in containerization. Product-level regressions show that changes in containerized export shares respond negatively to changes in container transport
costs caused by technological improvement in the container transport industry. I also find the effects are heterogeneous across products. Finally, to quantify the welfare gains associated with containerization, I develop a multi-country general equilibrium
trade model with endogenous transport
costs in which heterogeneous firms make both export and transport decisions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Yi, Kei-Mu (advisor), Sorensen, Bent E. (committee member), Cubas Norando, German (committee member), Wong, M. C. Sunny (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Transportation; Transport Costs; Container Shipping; Trade Flows
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Magames, E. (2020). Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6637
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Magames, Eirini. “Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6637.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Magames, Eirini. “Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Magames E. Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6637.
Council of Science Editors:
Magames E. Determinants of the Expansion in Container Use in U.S. Trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6637
University of Houston
5.
-5613-5110.
Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2020, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6638
► This dissertation consists of two essays on the determinants of global trade imbalances. In the first essay, I evaluate the effects of declining trade costs…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of two essays on the determinants of global
trade imbalances. In the first essay, I evaluate the effects of declining
trade costs and capital controls on global imbalances using a model-based quantitative analysis. I develop a multi-country general equilibrium
trade model in which
trade imbalances are endogenously determined. Declines in
trade costs and capital controls imply that fundamental shocks, such as productivity shocks, propagate more strongly to
trade imbalances. I calibrate the model to 25 countries by exploiting data on bilateral
trade flows, aggregate prices, net exports and measures of capital controls. I conduct counterfactual exercises where I fix
trade costs or capital controls at the 1970's level. The results show that the decline in
trade costs accounts for 42 percent of the
trade imbalances that occurred between 1970 and 2007, while the decline in capital controls explains 22 percent of the imbalances. I also find the effects are heterogeneous across countries. Finally, my model suggests that welfare implications from lowering
trade costs and capital controls are quite different. A reduction in
trade costs leads to positive welfare gains for all countries, but a decrease in capital controls does not necessarily bring positive welfare gains. In the second essay, I address the empirical relationship between
trade imbalances,
trade costs and capital controls. In particular, the model suggested in the first essay predicts that lower
trade costs and capital controls amplify the effects of productivity shocks on
trade imbalances. I test this propagation mechanism by taking three empirical approaches; a fixed effects regression with panel data, a 2-country dynamic regression, and a 2-country vector autoregression (VAR). The results of the fixed effects regression show that
trade imbalances respond negatively to productivity growth, and a decrease in capital controls makes this effect more negative. The model's implication for the propagation role of
trade costs, however, is not supported by this approach. In the 2-country dynamic regression,
trade costs and capital controls amplify the effects of productivity growth on
trade imbalances in some countries, but not in others. Finally, the 2-country VAR(1) does not provide any evidence that is consistent with the model's prediction. In sum, there is mixed evidence on the propagation role of
trade costs and capital controls.
Advisors/Committee Members: Yi, Kei-Mu (advisor), Papell, David H. (committee member), Cubas Norando, German (committee member), Wong, M. C. Sunny (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Global Imbalances; Trade Costs; Capital Controls
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
-5613-5110. (2020). Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6638
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-5613-5110. “Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6638.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-5613-5110. “Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-5613-5110. Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6638.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-5613-5110. Effects of Trade Costs and Capital Controls on Trade Imbalances. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/6638
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
University of Houston
6.
-4114-0670.
Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2016, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3188
► This dissertation is composed of two essays. In the first essay I examine how a decrease in trade costs affects aggregate labor productivity growth. While…
(more)
▼ This dissertation is composed of two essays. In the first essay I examine how a decrease in
trade costs affects aggregate labor productivity growth. While lower
trade costs are beneficial to productivity growth within some sectors, the effect on the entire economy also depends on the reallocation of labor across sectors. To address endogeneity issues, I use the decline in average freight rates combined with distance and the imported input ratio across sectors to get variation in
trade costs by countries, sectors, and years. I find that the reduction in shipping
costs increases labor productivity within both tradeable and nontradeable sectors. However, some of the within-sector gains are offset by labor reallocation between sectors, as labor shifts out of relatively high productivity sectors in response to the cost reduction. Overall, while lower shipping
costs raise aggregate productivity on net, the reallocation effects offset a substantial portion of the direct productivity increases.
In the second essay I examine how
trade costs affect FDI flows from the United States to other developing countries from 1966 to 2003. I use world average freight
costs interacted with bilateral distance as exogenous variation in bilateral
trade costs. The main result in this essay is that a reduction in bilateral freight rates does not affect a developing country's likelihood to receive more FDI from the United States in the future. The result does not provide support for the causality channel from increased
trade to FDI, which implies that the aggregate relationship appears to be due to FDI causing increased
trade.
Advisors/Committee Members: Vollrath, Dietrich (advisor), Sorensen, Bent E. (committee member), Cubas Norando, German (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Trade; Economic growth; Productivity; FDI; Shipping Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
-4114-0670. (2016). Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3188
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
-4114-0670. “Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3188.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
-4114-0670. “Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Vancouver:
-4114-0670. Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3188.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Council of Science Editors:
-4114-0670. Essays on Trade Costs and Economic Development. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3188
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Clemson University
7.
Clance, Matthew.
Essays in International Trade.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2012, Clemson University
URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/973
► This dissertation consisits of two chapters. Both chapters relate to the effects of trade resistence measures commonly used in the International Trade literature. The first…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consisits of two chapters. Both chapters relate to the effects of
trade resistence measures commonly used in the International
Trade literature. The first chapter investigates the effects of
trade costs on the extensive and intensive margins of
trade. The second chapter uses a semi-nonparametric estimation technique to include zero
trade trade values and adds additional flexibility to the estimation of
trade costs.
Trade literature has made use of the gravity equation since its introduction by Tinbergen (1962) to measure the impact of
trade barriers and country characteristics on bilateral
trade flows. The new focus of the literature separates international
trade into two separate components: 1) the extensive margin which describe the variety of products exported, and 2) the intensive margin which describes the volume of each variety exported. Research using the traditional gravity equation inherently assumes that for any change in
trade cost only affects the intensive margin or variable
costs. Industry level data is used to construct a modified gravity specification that allows for the separate analysis of the extensive and intensive margin as well as their specific contribution to the estimates of
trade costs. It is shown that the extensive margin or fixed
costs do have significant contribution to the estimates in previous research using the gravity equation. Additionally, the changing nature of
trade costs investigated in past research will be shown to be in part due
trade resistance measures increasing or decreasing on the intensive margin. Recently, there has been increased interest in estimation techniques that allow for the presence of zeros for determining the impact covariates on international
trade flows. Traditionally, the gravity equation has been used to measure
trade resistance and geographic characteristics on bilateral
trade. Recent methods have tried to correct for selection and heterogeneity bias created by the use of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). Allowing zero
trade values in the estimation process allows for the inclusion potentially useful information in the determination of the effects of
trade costs on bilateral
trade. This paper will use a semi-nonparametric estimation that will correct for selection and heterogeneity bias. Conditional density estimation (CDE) is a semi-nonparametric approach that allows for the inclusion of bilateral pairs with no observed
trade and for an accurate estimate of the change in the expected value of
trade given a change in the explanatory variable. The CDE method is a discrete approximation of the density function that mimics a discrete hazard rate analyses on the variable of interest conditional of the explanatory variables. The estimates of geographic distance and GDPs of each country are shown to be lower using the CDE than the standard gravity method of estimation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Baier, Scott, Mroz , Tom, Tamura , Robert F., Sauer , Raymond D..
Subjects/Keywords: Extensive Margin; Intensive Margin; Trade Costs; Economics
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Clance, M. (2012). Essays in International Trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/973
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Clance, Matthew. “Essays in International Trade.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Clemson University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/973.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Clance, Matthew. “Essays in International Trade.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Clance M. Essays in International Trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Clemson University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/973.
Council of Science Editors:
Clance M. Essays in International Trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Clemson University; 2012. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_dissertations/973
University of Rochester
8.
Mix, Carter.
Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy.
Degree: PhD, 2019, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35266
► This dissertation is comprised of two essays regarding the way that aggregate economies respond to changes in international trade policy. Both chapters use quantitative models…
(more)
▼ This dissertation is comprised of two essays
regarding the way that aggregate
economies respond to changes in
international trade policy. Both chapters use
quantitative models
to determine the predicted effects of changes in either tariffs
or
trade costs on several aggregate variables.
In the first chapter,
I develop a multi-country heterogeneous firm model to
study the
aggregate effects of multilateral trade policy over time. The
model
captures the slow evolution of production and trade networks
in response to
trade policy as firms make durable and irreversible
investments in sourcespecific
productive capacity and
destination-specific exporting capacity. It also
incorporates
capital, international assets, firms, and endogenous labor supply
while still matching world geography. The model is calibrated to
match size
and trade flows of the US and its major trade partners
as well as the split of
trade between consumption, capital, and
material goods. I find that the short
run fluctuations in the
economy following a policy change are a key determinant
of the
overall gains from trade and that transitions are not simply
represented
by gradual convergence to a new steady state.
Futhermore, I find that
the long-run effects of trade are poorly
approximated by quantitative models
without dynamics. While all
the model features are important, the behavior of
the domestic
economy in the short- and long-run relies most on the semi-fixed
trade networks and intertemporal trade incentives. The model is
used to evaluate
the effects on the US of being left out
permanently or temporarily from a world trade liberalization. Being
left out is quite costly, with losses in utility
concentrated in
the initial periods of the liberalization.
The second chapter
studies the importance of expectations and news regarding
trade
policy on the macroeconomy. We evaluate the aggregate effects
of
changes in trade barriers in a model in which trade responds
gradually to
changes in trade policy and trade policy changes are
gradual. Our model offers
insights into how changing trade
barriers affects the economy and how business
cycle shocks can
affect trade. We find that a fall in current trade barriers
has an
expansionary effect while a decline in future trade costs can be
recessionary
on impact due to a wealth effect. Furthermore,
canceling agreed upon
declines in barriers is expansionary in the
short-run but substantially lowers
growth over the medium run. We
also find that even controlling for composition,
trade tends to
lag the recovery in demand for tradables. We propose a
method to
separately identify expected and unexpected movements in trade
costs. A dynamic model of trade requires both aggregate and
forward-looking
data to accurately identify the source of trade
cost variation.
Subjects/Keywords: Gains from trade; Heterogeneous firms; Trade policy; Sunk costs; Business cycles
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Mix, C. (2019). Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35266
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Mix, Carter. “Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35266.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Mix, Carter. “Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Mix C. Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35266.
Council of Science Editors:
Mix C. Essays on the macroeconomic effects of international
trade policy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/35266
Princeton University
9.
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso, Ricardo Manuel.
Essays in International Economics
.
Degree: PhD, 2016, Princeton University
URL: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp0108612q94z
► This collection of essays examines different topics in international economics. The first two chapters study the role that declines in trade barriers play in shaping…
(more)
▼ This collection of essays examines different topics in international economics. The first two chapters study the role that declines in
trade barriers play in shaping the world distribution of net exports, also known as
trade imbalances, and sectoral reallocation of economic activity in the U.S., a process also known as structural transformation. The third chapter is co-authored with Gabriel Tenorio and studies optimal capital account policy in small open economies
subject to the risks of volatility in international interest rates.
The first chapter proposes a framework that embeds a quantitative multi-country general equilibrium model of international
trade into a dynamic framework in which
trade imbalances arise endogenously. I calibrate the model and provide a decomposition that shows that 69 percent of the increase in world
trade imbalances between 1970 and 2007 can be explained by the decline in
trade costs across countries. Moreover, the effect of lower
trade costs on
trade imbalances is heterogeneous across countries.
The second chapter considers a static general equilibrium open economy model of structural transformation to explore the implications of lower
trade costs and
trade deficits on structural change in the U.S. The results show that declining
trade costs and increasing
trade deficits in the U.S. between 1970 and 2007 significantly contributed to the decline in manufacturing's share in value added. In the absence of declines in
trade costs and imbalances, the decline in this share is approximately half of the decline in the baseline calibration of the model.
In the third chapter we study optimal policy responses to shocks in the mean and volatility of the external interest rate in a small open economy with an occasionally binding borrowing constraint. We show that the modeled evolution of interest rates around episodes of sudden stops is consistent with the empirical evidence for a group emerging markets. We solve the problem of a constrained social planner and show numerically that policy is contingent on the level and volatility of external interest rate shocks, and that the intensity of the optimal policy is nonmonotonic with respect to the volatility of external shocks.
Advisors/Committee Members: Rossi-Hansberg, Esteban (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: International Econonomics;
International Macroeconomics;
International Trade;
Structural Change;
Trade Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso, R. M. (2016). Essays in International Economics
. (Doctoral Dissertation). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp0108612q94z
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso, Ricardo Manuel. “Essays in International Economics
.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Princeton University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp0108612q94z.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso, Ricardo Manuel. “Essays in International Economics
.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso RM. Essays in International Economics
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Princeton University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp0108612q94z.
Council of Science Editors:
Reyes-Heroles Cardoso RM. Essays in International Economics
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Princeton University; 2016. Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp0108612q94z
University of Western Ontario
10.
Xu, Kai.
Essays on International Trade.
Degree: 2011, University of Western Ontario
URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/276
► This thesis consists of three essays on the economic effects of agricultural and non-agricultural trade. The first essay asks whether the observed low trade intensity…
(more)
▼ This thesis consists of three essays on the economic effects of agricultural and non-agricultural trade. The first essay asks whether the observed low trade intensity of agricultural goods is caused by high trade costs or small gains from agricultural trade. By empirically estimating structural equations from a trade model, I find that it is largely due to high trade costs. I also find large variation in relative efficiency of producing agricultural goods, which suggests that lower agricultural trade costs could lead to large gains from trade. The second essay asks how large are the gains from lower trade costs in the presence of the "Food Problem". I extend the Eaton-Kortum trade model to include a tradeable agriculture sector, minimum consumption and home production of agricultural goods. The calibrated model implies much larger gains from trade for poor countries than prior studies. The main reason for these gains is that intra-sectoral trade leads poor countries to specialize in a set of agricultural goods with high efficiency and inter-sectoral trade enables them to reallocate labor to manufacturing, which often is their comparative advantage sector. The third essay quantitatively evaluates the potential impact of removing China's Hukou system, which restricts rural-urban migration in China, on the world economy. I find that removing Hukou could increase China's income by 4.7%, and would substantially impact some of China's small neighboring economies. This is because removing Hukou increases the relative price of agricultural goods, which benefits net agricultural exporters such as Thailand and hurts net agricultural importers such as Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.
Subjects/Keywords: Trade; Agriculture; Trade Costs; Gains from Trade; The Food Problem; Hukou; International Economics
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Xu, K. (2011). Essays on International Trade. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Xu, Kai. “Essays on International Trade.” 2011. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Xu, Kai. “Essays on International Trade.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Xu K. Essays on International Trade. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/276.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Xu K. Essays on International Trade. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2011. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/276
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Jönköping University
11.
Spetetchi, Stefania.
Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries.
Degree: Finance and Statistics, 2012, Jönköping University
URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18049
► Foreign aid is the subject in development economics that created controversies about its influences on the economy of the recipient countries. This study is…
(more)
▼ Foreign aid is the subject in development economics that created controversies about its influences on the economy of the recipient countries. This study is an attempt to explain the effects that aid may have on trade, with a focus on the trade costs associated with the creation of business ties. Tied aid creates incentives for the developing countries to keep positive trading relationships with their donors, mainly because of the diminishing trad-ing costs associated with long term contacts. Subsequently, programs related to infra-structure and trade enforcement have been launched, that work towards the integration of the Least Developing Countries into the world economy.This study includes the analysis of the trade flows and foreign aid disbursement be-tween the “Group of Seven” countries (G7) and the Least Developing Countries, for a time span of 22 years (1988-2009). The results show that aid does have a significant ef-fect on the trade flows between the developed and developing countries. The explana-tion to this is related to the trading costs and the infrastructure development that tends to diminish the costs linked to distance- and border-related issues, and the sunk costs of market research and entry. In accordance, the distance coefficient is smaller after 1997, as result of decreased trade costs and increased export flows from recipients to donors.
Subjects/Keywords: Foreign aid; Tied aid; Trade; Aid for Trade; Everything But Arms; Trading Costs; Sunk Costs; Distance
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Spetetchi, S. (2012). Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries. (Thesis). Jönköping University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18049
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Spetetchi, Stefania. “Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries.” 2012. Thesis, Jönköping University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18049.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Spetetchi, Stefania. “Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Spetetchi S. Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries. [Internet] [Thesis]. Jönköping University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18049.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Spetetchi S. Aid - Trade Linkages : Analysis of the Trading Costs in the Least Developed Countries. [Thesis]. Jönköping University; 2012. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18049
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Delft University of Technology
12.
Tuty Arsyida, Tuty (author).
The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain.
Degree: 2017, Delft University of Technology
URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94a9226d-362d-4bf7-a97f-cc908289ff6e
► Trade costs for the international supply chain are enormous, even in the absence of formal border barriers. In fact, the costs involved in moving a…
(more)
▼ Trade costs for the international supply chain are enormous, even in the absence of formal border barriers. In fact, the
costs involved in moving a container physically are less than half the
costs of managing the information about the transport activity. Thus, the physical infrastructure in international
trade is fairly efficient, but that is not the case for the information infrastructure. In addressing the complexity of the border activities, both public and private organizations are interested in making the compliance process more manageable and less costly, while still achieving the same level of security and safety. For the government, a well-managed border activity not only improves the revenue but also promotes the ports and increases their competitiveness. Based on the empirical finding, a 1% reduction in the transactional cost in relation to the border compliance process is worth $43 billion. Therefore, it is necessary for all stakeholders, both private and public organizations, to support an effective and efficient border-related compliance process, which can be done through the IT innovation of the compliance process.
Advisors/Committee Members: Janssen, Marijn (mentor), Tan, Yao-hua (mentor), Annema, Jan Anne (graduation committee), Rukanova, Boriana (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).
Subjects/Keywords: Trade Costs; Customs Compliance; International Trade; International Supply Chain; Data Pipeline; Information Management; Costs Model; Design Science Research
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Tuty Arsyida, T. (. (2017). The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94a9226d-362d-4bf7-a97f-cc908289ff6e
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Tuty Arsyida, Tuty (author). “The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94a9226d-362d-4bf7-a97f-cc908289ff6e.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Tuty Arsyida, Tuty (author). “The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Tuty Arsyida T(. The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94a9226d-362d-4bf7-a97f-cc908289ff6e.
Council of Science Editors:
Tuty Arsyida T(. The Trade and Compliance Costs Model in the International Supply Chain. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2017. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94a9226d-362d-4bf7-a97f-cc908289ff6e
University of Michigan
13.
Lewis, Logan T.
Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2011, University of Michigan
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86285
► Many macroeconomic forces affect international trade. These include nominal uncertainty, exchange rate movements, and each country's business cycle. This dissertation consists of three essays which…
(more)
▼ Many macroeconomic forces affect international
trade. These include nominal uncertainty, exchange rate movements, and each country's business cycle. This dissertation consists of three essays which explore the impact of these macroeconomic forces.
In the first chapter, I consider the choice firms face between serving a foreign market through exports or producing abroad as a multinational. They face volatile nominal conditions in the foreign market, and I show how rising volatility shifts firms away from multinational production towards exporting. Exporting firms gain a greater advantage from foreign contractions because their goods become relatively cheaper in foreign currency terms. I use U.S.
trade and multinational sales data and show that in countries with greater inflation volatility, we observe a higher proportion of exports.
In the second chapter, I examine whether our improved understanding of international price setting helps to explain international
trade flows themselves when
subject to exchange rate shocks. While menu cost models with strategic complementarities are capable of matching the observed characteristics of international prices, I find that they still perform relatively poorly in explaining
trade flows. This class of models, despite having fairly low short-run pass-through to import prices, still implies a large
trade value response to exchange rate changes. Furthermore, sectors with more flexible prices or more substitutable goods respond very similarly to those with stickier prices or less substitutable goods, contrary to the implications of the model.
Finally, in joint work with Andrei Levchenko and Linda Tesar, the third chapter studies the collapse of international
trade during 2008-2009. We show how the composition of
trade is important for understanding why it is so much more volatile over the business cycle. The U.S. trades disproportionately in sectors where domestic production or consumption also dropped significantly, like durable consumption and capital goods. On the other hand, we find no evidence for other commonly cited factors, like credit conditions or inventories.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tesar, Linda L. (committee member), Zhang, Jing (committee member), Levchenko, Andrei A. (committee member), Sivadasan, Jagadeesh (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Trade Flows; Nominal Uncertainty; Trade Collapse; Multinational Production; Menu Costs; Economics; Business
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lewis, L. T. (2011). Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86285
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lewis, Logan T. “Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86285.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lewis, Logan T. “Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Lewis LT. Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86285.
Council of Science Editors:
Lewis LT. Essays on the Macroeconomics of Trade Flows. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86285
University of Rochester
14.
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins, William Blake.
Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade.
Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26653
► Chapter 1, The Cyclicality of Firm Size Distribution and Its Effect on Aggregate Fluctuations. I study the cyclicality of firm size distribution and its effect…
(more)
▼ Chapter 1, The Cyclicality of Firm Size
Distribution and Its Effect on
Aggregate Fluctuations. I study the
cyclicality of firm size distribution and its effect on aggregate
fluctuations
through markup variation. The evolution of firm size
distribution has consequences for
the degree of competition
between firms over the business cycle, which, in turn, offers a
basis for dynamics in aggregate markup. In this paper, I provide
empirical evidence on
the counter-cyclicality of the firm size
distribution using plant-level data. To quantify
the effect of
this evidence on aggregate fluctuations, I construct a model of
imperfect
competition in which final goods consist of a continuum
of industry goods. There are a
relatively small number of firms -
20 firms in the numerical exercise - in each industry,
so firms
take into account the effect of their own pricing on the price of
industry goods.
Aggregate markup, which equals the input-share
weighted average of firm markups, is
an increasing function of
market share inequality. Numerically, I find that the
countercyclical
firm size distribution, which is driven by
counter-cyclical relative productivity,
makes aggregate labor more
pro-cyclical compared to a constant markup economy. The
relative
volatility of labor compared to output increases by 16% in a
counter-cyclical
markup economy.
Chapter 2,
The Joint Dynamics of Capital and Employment at the
Plant Level,
with William Hawkins and Ryan Michaels.
While a great deal of
research has studied the adjustment of individual factors of
production, relatively little work has investigated their joint
dynamics at the plant
level. The present paper uses plant-level
data from two countries to document the
joint adjustment of
capital and employment. The data are analyzed through the lens
of
a model of costly multi-factor adjustment that integrates features
from canonical
models of dynamic capital and labor demand. The
model places strong restrictions on
the joint dynamics, namely,
investment ought to perfectly predict employment growth.
In
contrast, 42 percent of gross capital accumulation occurs at plants
(in and years)
which record employment losses. The paper then
discusses a number of extensions to
the baseline model, including
delivery lags, alternative adjustment costs, and standard
models
of factor-biased technical change. These do not provide
satisfactory accounts
of the data. The most promising extension is
one in which the production function
is modified to enable
machinery to directly replace labor in certain tasks. The paper
concludes by illustrating the macroeconomic implications of its
findings.
Chapter 3, Revisiting the Effect of
Import Penetration on the Labor
Market.
Import penetration, the
share of imports in domestic expenditure, is a common measure
of
the intensity of import competition in the literature examining the
impact of trade
on the U.S. labor market. Bernard, Jensen and
Schott (2006) partition imports into
two types, those originating
from low-wage countries and…
Subjects/Keywords: Adjustment costs; Business cycles; Firm heterogeneity; International trade; Markups
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins, W. B. (2013). Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26653
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins, William Blake. “Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26653.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins, William Blake. “Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins WB. Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26653.
Council of Science Editors:
Oh, Jiyoon (1978 - ); Bils, Mark; Hawkins WB. Essays on how employment responds to markups, investment,
and trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26653
University of Rochester
15.
Nadais, Ana Filipa Vieira.
Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics.
Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33032
► This dissertation consists of three essays studying different aspects of international economics. The first two chapters focus on international trade, namely on estimating the size…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of three essays studying
different aspects of international
economics. The first two
chapters focus on international trade, namely
on estimating the
size of trade barriers by looking at how firms manage their
inventories, while Chapter 3 focus on international macroeconomics;
in specific,
the likelihood of a country to default on its debt
when there is an informal
sector.
The first chapter provides
evidence supporting the common assumption
that international fixed
ordering costs are higher than domestic fixed ordering
costs. The
canonical inventory model (the EOQ model) is extended to include
two inputs sourced from different countries. Given the demand for
each of the
inputs, the fixed ordering costs and the inventory
holding cost, the firm decides
the optimal quantity to order each
period. The model is estimated using firmlevel
data on inventories
of raw materials and inputs used from domestic and
international
sources. Assuming constant returns on inventory holding costs,
the
model reveals that it is between 20 and 60 times more expensive to
place an
order internationally than domestically, but yields an
elasticity of inventories
to demand much smaller than in the data.
Allowing for a more general holding
cost structure, that depends
on the level of inventories in stock captures the
variation of
inventories’ cost with firm’s size. With this more general setup,
foreign
ordering costs are estimated to be between 3.5 and 5.2
times higher than
domestic, suggesting that there are strong
economies of scale in holding inventories. Those estimates are
corroborated when I allow total fixed ordering costs
to depend on
total demand as this specification results in international fixed
ordering costs between 4.1 and 7.2 times higher than domestic.
The
second chapter uses firm-level data on inventory holdings and
source
of inputs to estimate domestic and international trade
barriers looking not only
at fixed costs, but also at time lags
and computing their tariff equivalents. It
starts by documenting
three features related to inventories, import decisions,
and
firm’s size. First, inventories increase strongly in size, with an
elasticity
right below one. Second, importers hold more
inventories than non-importers
and third, inventories increase in
import intensity. Given inventory carrying
costs, the inventory
holdings are used to infer relative domestic and international
trade barriers. I develop a model of heterogeneous firms that
produce
using imperfectly substitutable domestic and imported
intermediates and face
demand and supply uncertainty. Given
ordering costs and delivery lags that
differ by source country,
interest charges and inventory holding costs, producers
use
inventories to economize on trade costs. I find it is 5 times more
costly
to place an international than a domestic order but, when
scaled by average
shipment size, the international fixed ordering
cost is just twice as large; the international
time lag is 3 times
larger than the domestic and there…
Subjects/Keywords: Fiscal policy; Informal economy; Inventory; Sovereign default; Trade costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Nadais, A. F. V. (2017). Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33032
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Nadais, Ana Filipa Vieira. “Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33032.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Nadais, Ana Filipa Vieira. “Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Nadais AFV. Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33032.
Council of Science Editors:
Nadais AFV. Essays on international trade and international
macroeconomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33032
University of Wollongong
16.
Khan, Adeem.
Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas.
Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Wollongong
URL: 1401
ECONOMIC
THEORY,
1402
APPLIED
ECONOMICS,
1403
ECONOMETRICS
;
https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3583
► The main objective of this thesis is to ascertain the determinants of trade among nations within a framework of recent and theoretically motivated trade…
(more)
▼ The main objective of this thesis is to ascertain the determinants of trade among nations within a framework of recent and theoretically motivated trade models. It specifically focuses on trade costs facing exports from a country. Moreover, the study utilises recent cross-sectional data for the year 2007. This study integrates a somewhat scattered literature spanning more thanthree decades (from 1979 onwards) to derive the so called gravity model of trade. It then presents a comprehensive empirical analysis of internatonal trade using various formulations of the gravity equation.
Trade facilitation in recent years has become a subject of debate at various bilateral and multilateral forums. It is therefore not surprising that empirical research on the issue of trade facilitation has experienced resurgence. This study presents a comprehensive quantitative assessment of trade costs using recent trade models and their extensions. The study estimates the benchmark gravity specification that appeared in Anderson and Wincoop (2003) using country fixed effects andyear 2007 data, in a global setting of 170 countries. Noticeably, our results indicate that both bilateral distance and tariffs still have a significant negative influence on exports. Moreover, better trade-related infrastructure and border governance promotes trade.
This study also uses advanced econometric techniques by using Poisson and modified Poisson models such as negative binomial (NB), zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP), zeroinflated negative binomial (ZINB) models. These models were recently suggested for trade gravity estimation in Silva and Tenreyro (2006) and Burger et al (2009) and lend further credibility to our results. Assuming heterogeneity (in productivity) of exporting firms as suggested in Melitz (2003) and Helpman et al (2008), our results indicate that the extensive margin ( that is the number or proportion of exporting firms) is a significant determinant of aggregate exports for the year 2007.
The somewhat forced use of country fixed effects precludes including countryspecific variables into the analysis. This study utilises an extension of the gravity model presented in Baier and Bergstrand (2009) that uses a first order Taylor-series expansion to approximate for theoretically motivated multilateral resistances. This approximation approach notonly allows us to include policy relevant country-specific variables in analysis, but also facilitates counter-factual simulations. Our results indicate that both exporting and importing country’s quality of infrastructure and governance is a significant determinant of exports. Moreover, lack of access of a country to the sea has a negative influence on trade. Interestingly, our results indicate that when an exporting or importing country is landlocked, it has a dampening impact on exports and more so if it is the importing country that is landlocked. The so-called approximation approach also allows us to conduct a general equilibrium comparative static exercise. As an example of…
Subjects/Keywords: gravity model; trade costs; multilateral resistances; extensive margin
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Khan, A. (2011). Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Wollongong. Retrieved from 1401 ECONOMIC THEORY, 1402 APPLIED ECONOMICS, 1403 ECONOMETRICS ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3583
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Khan, Adeem. “Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wollongong. Accessed April 10, 2021.
1401 ECONOMIC THEORY, 1402 APPLIED ECONOMICS, 1403 ECONOMETRICS ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3583.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Khan, Adeem. “Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Khan A. Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Wollongong; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: 1401 ECONOMIC THEORY, 1402 APPLIED ECONOMICS, 1403 ECONOMETRICS ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3583.
Council of Science Editors:
Khan A. Empirical Investigation of International Trade Using Gravity Models with Gravitas. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Wollongong; 2011. Available from: 1401 ECONOMIC THEORY, 1402 APPLIED ECONOMICS, 1403 ECONOMETRICS ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3583
University of Oregon
17.
Friedt, Felix.
Essays on Trade and Transportation.
Degree: PhD, Department of Economics, 2017, University of Oregon
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22635
► This dissertation considers the interconnections between trade and transportation. Through various theoretical and empirical analyses, I provide novel evidence of the simultaneity of trade and…
(more)
▼ This dissertation considers the interconnections between
trade and transportation. Through various theoretical and empirical analyses, I provide novel evidence of the simultaneity of
trade and transportation, of spillover effects across integrated transport markets, and of the influence of the international transport sector on
trade policy effectiveness and natural disaster induced
trade disruptions.
In the first substantive chapter, I develop a model of international
trade and transportation. Accounting for the joint-production present in the international container shipping industry, I illustrate that freight rates adjust to differences in the international demands for transport and can result in balanced or imbalanced equilibrium
trade in the presence of asymmetric freight rates. The empirical results exhibit the simultaneity of international
trade and transportation
costs and show that the dependence of transport
costs on the
trade imbalance can lead to spillover effects across bilateral export and import markets.
In the second substantive chapter, I investigate the effects of maritime
trade policy on bilateral
trade in the presence of
trade imbalances. Using the previously developed model, I show that the
trade elasticities with respect to carrier
costs vary systematically across transport markets, bilateral
trade imbalances and differentiated products. Empirically, I estimate the varying effects of an EU environmental policy on U.S.-EU
trade and provide strong evidence in support of the theoretical results.
In the third substantive chapter, I analyze the dynamics and spatial distribution of the
trade effects induced by natural disasters. I develop a spatial gravity model of international
trade and apply the model to monthly US port level
trade data. Empirically, I estimate the dynamic evolution of
trade effects caused by Hurricane Katrina differentiating
trade disruptions at the local port level. The estimates point to the static and dynamic resilience of international
trade. While ports closest to Katrina's epicenter experience significant short-run reductions that can be of permanent nature, international
trade handled by nearby ports rises in response to this disaster, both in the short- and in the long-run. Overall, the analysis underlines the significance of local infrastructure networks to reduce the devastation inflicted by natural disasters.
This dissertation includes previously unpublished co-authored material.
Advisors/Committee Members: Blonigen, Bruce A. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Backhaul; Container carriers; Gravity model; Natural disasters; Trade costs; Transport
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Friedt, F. (2017). Essays on Trade and Transportation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oregon. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22635
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Friedt, Felix. “Essays on Trade and Transportation.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oregon. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22635.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Friedt, Felix. “Essays on Trade and Transportation.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Friedt F. Essays on Trade and Transportation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oregon; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22635.
Council of Science Editors:
Friedt F. Essays on Trade and Transportation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oregon; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/22635
Princeton University
18.
Echeverry-Galvis, Maria Angela.
Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
.
Degree: PhD, 2012, Princeton University
URL: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01xd07gs72c
► Life history cycles in organisms represent evolutionary adaptations to selection pressures that act both through environmental and intrinsic factors. As a result, life history cycles…
(more)
▼ Life history cycles in organisms represent evolutionary adaptations to selection pressures that act both through environmental and intrinsic factors. As a result, life history cycles are adjusted to temporal patterns in resource availability, in predation and in competition, among others, to maximize individual fitness. For species that live in different environments and that undergo fewer life history stages within a given cycle, the organization of annual schedules may deviate from the widely studied temperate zone species that typically undergo a number of different life history stages in strict sequence and temporal separation.
The study of life history schedules and evolution is mostly concerned with the timing of each life state and the factors that regulate the schedule as well as each separate event. However, it has been noted in various species that not all states are fully separated and that some overlap may occur between them, with only full co-occurrence of states reported to date in birds. I explored the interaction, regulations and consequences of tropical molt- breeding overlap by studying the occurrence of such an overlap stage at individual and community levels as well as comparing controlled laboratory conditions and with the wild setting. I addressed several major questions: How common is the overlap of reproduction and molt in this bird community as a whole? What environmental factors are associated with the overlap? During the overlap, are both life history stages indeed slowed down? Do any
trade-offs that may affect fitness arise from the overlap?
By assessing reproductive and molting condition in all individuals, I was able to show the occurrence of overlap between these events as a frequent phenomenon in montane tropical birds, with approximately half of the species studied displaying the overlap not only at a population level, but also within individuals. I outline some environmental factors that might increase the frequency of the overlap in the community, while encountering yearly variations based on precipitation, which could point to phenotypical plasticity in the regulation of the life cycle.
Based on captive work, I show some of the changes and alterations in molt dynamics and behavior that individuals incurring the overlap might face. By comparing zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) that were allowed to overlap with those that just molted, I was able to show differences in individual feather growth rates, molt intensity and time budgets. Overlapping individuals undertake slower flight-feather replacement, with out the clear sex-difference that was initially predicted.
Cost and consequences were explored in a wild population of Slaty-brush finch (Atlapetes schistaceus) in Colombia, over a period of four years. In this population individuals in all major states of the life cycle can be found at a given time. For overlapping individuals, I have determined a decrease in feather quality, as well as in flight performance that could affect survival, and…
Advisors/Committee Members: Hau, Michaela (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Birds;
Breeding;
Costs;
Life cycle;
Montane;
Trade-offs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Echeverry-Galvis, M. A. (2012). Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
. (Doctoral Dissertation). Princeton University. Retrieved from http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01xd07gs72c
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Echeverry-Galvis, Maria Angela. “Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Princeton University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01xd07gs72c.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Echeverry-Galvis, Maria Angela. “Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Echeverry-Galvis MA. Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Princeton University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01xd07gs72c.
Council of Science Editors:
Echeverry-Galvis MA. Molt-breeding overlap in birds: phenology and trade-offs at the individual and the community levels
. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Princeton University; 2012. Available from: http://arks.princeton.edu/ark:/88435/dsp01xd07gs72c
Kansas State University
19.
Brasington, John.
Banana
transshipment model.
Degree: Master of Agribusiness, Department of Agricultural
Economics, 2012, Kansas State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35223
► Bananas are the number one selling produce item in the grocery store. On average, bananas account for 6% of produce department sales and 1% of…
(more)
▼ Bananas are the number one selling produce item in the
grocery store. On average, bananas account for 6% of produce
department sales and 1% of total grocery store sales. According to
The Packer’s “2010 Fresh Trends”, 88% of consumers in all
categories purchase bananas. Also, 94% of consumers in the study
purchased bananas within the last twelve months.
Over the last
decade, fuel prices have increased to a point where logistics and
shipping have become more important than ever to the banana
industry. This logistics challenge is compounded because there are
no bananas grown in the United States and the fruit has to be
shipped from around the world. Fuel is used at high rates via the
ocean cargo and trucking shipments to meet yearly demand. To manage
these logistical challenges, this thesis analyzes the optimal
shipping route for bananas arriving to the west coast from Central
and South America to various markets using a transshipment model.
The goal of the transshipment model estimates the supply chain that
creates the lowest cost. Through analysis of fuel, trucking, and
shipping markets, the model makes the optimal decision regarding
transportation routing. The model is limited to transportation
costs only. However, items such as fruit
costs and other additional
up charges could be analyzed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Allen M. Featherstone.
Subjects/Keywords: Banana
trade; Network
flow model;
Transportation costs; Dole food
company
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Brasington, J. (2012). Banana
transshipment model. (Masters Thesis). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35223
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Brasington, John. “Banana
transshipment model.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Kansas State University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35223.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Brasington, John. “Banana
transshipment model.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Brasington J. Banana
transshipment model. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Kansas State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35223.
Council of Science Editors:
Brasington J. Banana
transshipment model. [Masters Thesis]. Kansas State University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35223
Kansas State University
20.
Homan, A. Gerlof.
An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry.
Degree: 1952, Kansas State University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17486
Subjects/Keywords: Meat industry and trade – Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Homan, A. G. (1952). An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry. (Thesis). Kansas State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17486
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Homan, A Gerlof. “An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry.” 1952. Thesis, Kansas State University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17486.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Homan, A Gerlof. “An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry.” 1952. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Homan AG. An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry. [Internet] [Thesis]. Kansas State University; 1952. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17486.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Homan AG. An economic analysis of the meat-packing industry. [Thesis]. Kansas State University; 1952. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17486
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
21.
Porteous, Obie Cannon.
Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Degree: Agricultural & Resource Economics, 2016, University of California – Berkeley
URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq475sn
► This dissertation consists of two essays on agricultural trade in sub-Saharan Africa. The 42 countries of continental sub-Saharan Africa include 21 of the 24 poorest…
(more)
▼ This dissertation consists of two essays on agricultural trade in sub-Saharan Africa. The 42 countries of continental sub-Saharan Africa include 21 of the 24 poorest countries in the world. Unlike industrialized countries where structural transformation and income growth have led to declines in the share of agriculture in overall output and consumption, nearly two-thirds of the labor force in sub-Saharan Africa still works in agriculture and nearly half of consumer expenditure is on food. Agricultural products are produced by tens of millions of farmers and consumed by hundreds of millions of consumers across Africa. In this dissertation, I show that the costs of trade between producers and consumers in different locations are very high, I explore the consequences of these high trade costs, and I evaluate the effects of a type of trade policy that has been used to insulate markets in particular countries from high and volatile prices elsewhere. My findings can be used to improve the design and understand the impact of infrastructure investment, trade liberalization, agricultural technology adoption, and price stabilization initiatives in Africa and elsewhere in the developing world.In the first chapter, I estimate and solve a dynamic model of agricultural storage and trade in sub-Saharan Africa using a new intra-national dataset of monthly prices and production of the 6 major staple grains from 2003 to 2013 and a new approach to identify cost parameters when trade and storage are unobserved. The model includes monthly storage in each of 230 large hub markets in all 42 countries of continental sub-Saharan Africa, monthly trade between them, as well as monthly trade with the world market through 30 ports. I find median intra-national trade costs over 5 times higher than elsewhere in the world along with significant extra costs for trade across borders and with the world market. I then simulate a counterfactual in which trade costs for staple grains are lowered to match an international benchmark. Lowering trade costs results in a 46% drop in the average food price index, a 42% loss of net agricultural revenues, and a welfare gain equivalent to 2.2% of GDP. I show that 86% of this welfare gain can be achieved by lowering trade costs through ports and along key links representing just 18% of the trade network, supporting a corridor-based approach for infrastructure investment and trade policy. In an extension, I find that the effects of agricultural technology adoption depend crucially on trade costs, with technology adoption increasing farmer incomes only when trade costs are low. Compared to my dynamic monthly model with storage, a static annual model of agricultural trade underestimates trade costs by 23% and welfare effects by 33% by failing to correctly identify when trade occurs.In the second chapter, I investigate the empirical effects of temporary export restrictions, which have been widely used by many countries in sub-Saharan Africa and elsewhere in recent years in an attempt to stabilize domestic prices of…
Subjects/Keywords: Agriculture economics; Economics; Export Bans; International Trade; Sub-Saharan Africa; Technology Adoption; Trade Corridors; Trade Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Porteous, O. C. (2016). Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq475sn
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Porteous, Obie Cannon. “Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq475sn.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Porteous, Obie Cannon. “Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Porteous OC. Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq475sn.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Porteous OC. Essays on Agricultural Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5fq475sn
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
University of Florida
22.
Kury, Theodore J.
Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2013, University of Florida
URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0045681
► In 1996, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) sought to transform the wholesale electricity market with a series of market rules. A product of these…
(more)
▼ In 1996, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) sought to transform the wholesale electricity market with a series of market rules. A product of these rules was the establishment of regional transmission organizations (RTOs) and independent system operators (ISOs) charged with facilitating equal access to the transmission grid for electricity suppliers. The effect of these changes in market structure remains an open question. This dissertation attempts to quantify the impacts of this change in market strucuture in addressing important policy issues facing the electricity sector. The first essay utilizes a panel data set of the 48 contiguous United States and a treatment effects model in first differences to determine whether there have been changes in delivered electric prices as a result of the establishment of ISOs and RTOs. This estimation shows that electricity prices fall approximately 4.8% in the first 2 years of an ISO’s operation and that this result is statistically significant. However, this result is dependent on the presence of states that restructured their electricity markets. When these restructured states are removed from the data set the price effects of RTOs become indistinguishable from zero. The second essay utilizes the diversity of the United States electricity market and a panel data set of electric utilities for the period 1990-2009 to study the effects that RTOs have had on the
trade of wholesale electricity. It finds that the presence of a transparent wholesale marketplace for electricity has the effect of increasing participation, but that this participation occurs asymmetrically across types of electric utilities. The third essay utilizes a model that simulates the dispatch of electric generating units in the state of Florida under various prices for CO2 emissions, and analyzes the challenges that may arise in the determination of optimal emissions abatement policy. It finds that the rate of abatement varies considerably with the price of CO2 emissions. It demonstrates how the incremental cost curve of emissions abatement may intersect with a CO2 tax at many levels of abatement, allowing for different characterizations of the ‘optimum’. ( en )
Advisors/Committee Members: Sappington, David (committee chair), Hamilton, Jonathan H (committee member), Berg, Sanford V (committee member), Moss, Charles Britt (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Electricity; Integers; Market prices; Mathematical variables; Prices; Statistical significance; Unit costs; Utilities costs; Variable coefficients; Wholesale trade; electricity – emissions – markets
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kury, T. J. (2013). Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0045681
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kury, Theodore J. “Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed April 10, 2021.
https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0045681.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kury, Theodore J. “Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Kury TJ. Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0045681.
Council of Science Editors:
Kury TJ. Three Essays on the Changing U.S. Electricity Industry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2013. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0045681
23.
Kharel, Paras.
Essays in international trade.
Degree: 2017, University of Melbourne
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/191357
► This thesis comprises three independent papers on topics in international trade (Chapters 2-4). Chapter 2 revisits a prominent gravity model-based empirical literature on the effects…
(more)
▼ This thesis comprises three independent papers on topics in international trade (Chapters 2-4). Chapter 2 revisits a prominent gravity model-based empirical literature on the effects of free trade agreements by accounting for a potential bias caused by unobservable trade costs that operate through general equilibrium constraints. It embeds state-of-the-art panel estimation techniques in a recently proposed two-step remedy that features a constrained ANOVA-type estimation. Using a dataset on manufacturing trade flows in eight sectors among 40 countries and a rest-of-the-world aggregate for the period 1990-2002, it finds evidence of significant residual trade cost bias. The direction and magnitude of bias vary across sectors, with the standard one-step approach used in the literature overestimating or underestimating the partial effect of free trade agreements by up to 110%. Overall, coefficients on trade costs variables are jointly significantly different between the standard method and the two-step method. The biases in partial effect estimates translate into biases in general equilibrium effects.
Chapter 3 examines the role of product relatedness in the extensive margin of trade at the bilateral level, and identifies a possible environment in which the effect operates. A potential new product's close proximity to an existing bilateral export basket dramatically increases the probability that it will be started to be exported. The implication: it's not just enough for an exporter to acquire product-specific capabilities to be able to export a product to a destination; it must also acquire product-destination-specific capabilities. The effect is increasing in competition.
Chapter 4 analyzes changes in autarky gains from trade during the decade 1995-2006, a period of rapid globalization. First, autarky gains from trade have increased during this period, by about 45% on average for the world, with heterogeneity across countries. Simply put, the cost of moving to autarky has increased. Second, changes in the share of expenditure on domestic goods and services account for most of the changes in autarky gains from trade on average for the world, while there exists heterogeneity across countries, with changes in sectoral expenditure shares also playing an important role in some. Third, average autarky gains from trade in 2006 were 60-100% higher (depending on the model) than what they would have been if trade costs had remained unchanged from 1995.
Subjects/Keywords: regional trade agreements; gravity models; trade costs; product relatedness; capabilities; extensive margin; free trade agreements; counterfactual general equilibrium analysis; gains from trade; autarky cost
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Kharel, P. (2017). Essays in international trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/191357
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Kharel, Paras. “Essays in international trade.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/191357.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Kharel, Paras. “Essays in international trade.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Kharel P. Essays in international trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/191357.
Council of Science Editors:
Kharel P. Essays in international trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/191357
24.
Umana Dajud, Camilo.
Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique.
Degree: Docteur es, Sciences économiques, 2016, Paris, Institut d'études politiques
URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0064
► Cette thèse porte sur le rôle joué par les coûts du commerce dans la détermination des flux commerciaux. Les deux derniers chapitres examinent le rôle…
(more)
▼ Cette thèse porte sur le rôle joué par les coûts du commerce dans la détermination des flux commerciaux. Les deux derniers chapitres examinent le rôle des coûts commerciaux non conventionnels tandis que les deux premiers évaluent l'impact des coûts plus communément associés aux échanges à l'intérieur d'un pays ainsi qu'entre différents pays. Le Chapitre 1 est le résultat d'un effort conjoint avec Jules Hugot. Dans ce chapitre nous estimons l'élasticité du commerce à la distance et son évolution depuis 1870 en utilisant quatre épisodes importants de l'histoire du commerce international: les ouvertures des canaux de Suez et de Panama et les postérieures fermetures et réouvertures du premier. Dans le chapitre 2, j'étudie l'effet d'une réduction des coûts de transport internes à un pays. Pour pallier à l'endogénéité du placement des infrastructures, j'exploite l'expérience naturelle fournie par l'ouverture des routes maritimes reliant les côtes est et ouest du Canada à travers le Canal de Panama. Le chapitre 3 documente l'impact négatif des visas de voyage sur les flux commerciaux bilatéraux. Afin d'estimer leur effet causal, j'exploite une expérience naturelle fournie par les modifications introduites à l'Annexe I des Accords de Schengen. Je montre que l'introduction ultérieure de visas pour entrer dans l'espace Schengen a considérablement réduit les flux commerciaux. Dans le chapitre 4, j'examine empiriquement l'impact des différences politiques sur les flux commerciaux. En suivant la représentation du spectre politique d'Eysenck, je montre que la distance séparant les pays sur les différentes dimensions de cet spectre politique a un impact négatif robuste sur les échanges bilatéraux.
This dissertation focuses on the role played by trade cost in the shaping of trade flows. While the last two chapters examine the role of unconventional trade costs, the first two assess the impact of more traditional domestic and international trade costs. Chapter 1 is a joint effort with Jules Hugot. In this chapter we estimate the elasticity of trade to distance and its evolution since 1870. For this purpose we take advantage of four important episodes in the history of international trade: the openings of the Suez and Panama canals and the later closure and reopening of the first. In Chapter 2 I study the effect of a reduction of domestic transport costs. To address the endogeneity of infrastructure placement, I exploit the natural experiment provided by the opening of intercoastal shipping routes connecting the west and east coasts of Canada through the Panama Canal. Chapter 3 documents the negative impact of travel visas on bilateral trade flows. In order to estimate their causal effect I exploit a natural experiment provided by changes in Annex I of the Schengen agreements. I show that the subsequent introduction of visas to enter the Schengen Space considerably reduced bilateral trade flows. In chapter 4 I examine empirically the impact of politics on trade flows. Following Eysenck's depiction of the political spectrum, I show…
Advisors/Committee Members: Mayer, Thierry (thesis director).
Subjects/Keywords: Commerce international; Economie géographique; Canal de Panama; Coûts de commerce; International trade; Economic geography; Panama Canal; Trade costs; 382
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Umana Dajud, C. (2016). Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique. (Doctoral Dissertation). Paris, Institut d'études politiques. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0064
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Umana Dajud, Camilo. “Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Paris, Institut d'études politiques. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0064.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Umana Dajud, Camilo. “Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Umana Dajud C. Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Paris, Institut d'études politiques; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0064.
Council of Science Editors:
Umana Dajud C. Essays in international trade and economic geography : Essais sur le commerce international et l'économie géographique. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Paris, Institut d'études politiques; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0064
University of Missouri – Columbia
25.
Seo, Ok-Sun, 1975-.
Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters.
Degree: PhD, 2006, University of Missouri – Columbia
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4371
► This dissertation clarifies the definition of Pricing to Market (PTM) and formalizes the definition. PTM in this paper focuses on the relative movements of prices…
(more)
▼ This dissertation clarifies the definition of Pricing to Market (PTM) and formalizes the definition. PTM in this paper focuses on the relative movements of prices in different markets, conditional on exchange rate movements. This dissertation provides the bilateral
trade model that determines the output levels of two countries endogenously. And it considers the output level is the reason of PTM in the model economy. The model also suggests a standard to identify the existence of PTM based on the definition of PTM. I conclude that an incomplete Exchange Rate Pass-Through (ERPT) is prevalent in the markets. Invoice currency has an effect on ERPT and PTM: Exporters pass through more exchange rate movements to the export price – higher degree of ERPT and the relative price difference between the domestic and the foreign market is larger – higher degree of PTM when they invoice the export price in their own currency than they do in the buyers' currency.
Advisors/Committee Members: Haslag, Joseph H. (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: International trade – Costs; International trade – Prices; Foreign exchange rates
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Seo, Ok-Sun, 1. (2006). Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4371
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Seo, Ok-Sun, 1975-. “Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters.” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4371.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Seo, Ok-Sun, 1975-. “Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters.” 2006. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Seo, Ok-Sun 1. Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2006. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4371.
Council of Science Editors:
Seo, Ok-Sun 1. Pricing to market when exchange rate changes and output level matters. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4371
University of Melbourne
26.
Weldemicael, Ermias Ogbai.
Essays on the composition of trade.
Degree: 2012, University of Melbourne
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37267
► This thesis consists of three essays on the composition of trade. The first essay extends the empirical work of Hausmann et al. (2007) to examine…
(more)
▼ This thesis consists of three essays on the composition of trade. The first essay extends the empirical work of Hausmann et al. (2007) to examine the causal effect of foreign direct investment, remoteness, and institutional quality on export sophistication. Using cross country panel data, the finding shows that foreign direct investment has a positive effect, and the effect is greater for countries with low institutional quality. Similarly, remoteness from major markets has a strong negative effect, which indicates competitive disadvantage. With regard to institutional quality, its effect on export sophistication is evident only in manufactured exports. The results are robust to alternative measurement of the dependent variable and econometric estimation methods. The findings have important implications for developing countries that strive to enhance their export sophistication.
The second essay provides an explanation of the distance puzzle in a gravity model estimation. Distance not only makes trade more expensive and reduces the volume of trade, but it also affects the composition of trade. The essay investigates the composition of trade as a plausible explanation of the puzzle using trade intensity index. It develops a micro foundation of the trade intensity index and its decomposition into the complementarity and country bias indices. The results show that distance has a negative effect on the complementarity index, which indicates the indirect effect of trade costs on the trade intensity index. The findings imply that the overstated distance elasticity in the standard gravity estimation is a consequence of aggregation bias and a failure to account for compositional effect. The decomposition, together with the empirical findings, seems to provide a better explanation for the long standing puzzle.
The third essay uses a disaggregated version of the Eaton and Kortum (2002) model to analyze the relative importance of technology and trade costs for export sophistication and welfare in a general equilibrium framework. It uses a structural estimation method to identify key parameters of the model that fit the observed trade pattern. The calibrated parameters vary across commodities consistent with their expected level of sophistication. The results are robust to alternative specifications of the calibration. Using fitted data, it also show that export sophistication is highly correlated with GDP per capita. Overall, the parameters are comparable with estimates from other studies. Finally, counterfactual experiments are conducted to quantify the effects of changes in technology and trade costs for the countries in the bottom quintile. The findings imply that these countries have a huge technological disadvantage, particularly in more sophisticated commodities.
Subjects/Keywords: trade intensity index; complementarity index; country bias index; distance puzzle; export sophistication; trade costs; remoteness; institutions; foreign direct investment; technology
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Weldemicael, E. O. (2012). Essays on the composition of trade. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Melbourne. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37267
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Weldemicael, Ermias Ogbai. “Essays on the composition of trade.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Melbourne. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37267.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Weldemicael, Ermias Ogbai. “Essays on the composition of trade.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Weldemicael EO. Essays on the composition of trade. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37267.
Council of Science Editors:
Weldemicael EO. Essays on the composition of trade. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Melbourne; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11343/37267
Georgia Tech
27.
Desai, Dwijen Haribhai.
Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles.
Degree: MS, Textiles, 1976, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8507
Subjects/Keywords: Cotton trade Law and legislation; Cotton trade Costs
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Desai, D. H. (1976). Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8507
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Desai, Dwijen Haribhai. “Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles.” 1976. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8507.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Desai, Dwijen Haribhai. “Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles.” 1976. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Desai DH. Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 1976. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8507.
Council of Science Editors:
Desai DH. Cost-benefit analysis of federal regulations on cotton textiles. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 1976. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/8507
28.
Luiz Sérgio Samico Maciel.
Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação.
Degree: 2005, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
URL: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=762
► Este estudo aborda a problemática que envolve a inflexibilidade da legislação pertinente referente à gestão dos recursos financeiros destinados ao CEFET/PA, oriundos dos convênios que…
(more)
▼ Este estudo aborda a problemática que envolve a inflexibilidade da legislação pertinente referente à gestão dos recursos financeiros destinados ao CEFET/PA, oriundos dos convênios que objetivam a expansão do ensino profissionalizante e tem como objetivo analisar a necessidade de flexibilização da legislação existente, tendo em vista a viabilização de convênios de parcerias com instituições públicas e privadas. Para tanto, foram examinados documentos oficiais, tais como Legislação sobre a educação profissionalizante no Brasil a partir de referencial bibliográfico, além de documentos de auditorias realizadas no CEFET/PA em argumentação e contestação das prestações de contas apresentadas em vista da realização de convênios com instituições públicas e privadas. Conclui-se que o CEFET/PA cumpriu com a obrigatoriedade de celebração de convênio determinada pela Lei que disciplina a transferência de recursos para execução de programas em parceria do Governo Federal, com governos estaduais e municipais e que no período de 1995 a 2002, o CEFET/PA trabalhou com a vertente de introduzir no serviço público federal, principalmente no sistema administrativo da Educação Profissional os conceitos e técnicas de administração mais ágeis e compatíveis com a eficiência da iniciativa privada, na busca de implementar uma Gestão Administrativa mais flexível e compatível com a autonomia do CEFET/PA, prevista em Lei, e com as exigências do mundo contemporâneo, o que, no entender da Instituição, permitiu o cumprimento de suas metas de expansão de vagas e ofertas de cursos de Tecnologia e de Formação de Professores.
This study deals with the problem that envolves the inflexibility of the legislation refering to the CEFET/PA financial resources managing, that comes from agreements that have the goal of the expansion of the professional educational and it has its focus to analise the necessity of flexibilization of the legislation, to make sure that the agreements between public and private institutions happen. Therefore oficial documents have been examinated, such as laws about professional education in Brazil and some documents that have been analized by the auditors that were in CEFET/PA doing their job concerning to approve CEFET/PAs account. We conclude that CEFET/PA did its bit with the obligation with the agreements doing exactly what the law says, that is the resources transfer to execute programs in partnership among the federal government and state and municipal administrations, and in the period of 1995 to 2002 CEFET/PA worked hard to try to introduce in the federal public service, specially in the professional education the concept and techinique of a more flexible way of managing and closer to the efficiency of the private institutions, searching a more open and compatible administrative managing with the autonomy of CEFET/PA, by the way it is described in law, and with the requirement of the conteporary world, what, in the understanding of the institutions, allowed the achievement of its goal of increase the places and the offer…
Advisors/Committee Members: Luiz Carlos de Oliveira Lima.
Subjects/Keywords: Educação Agrícola; gestão administrativa; custos de transação.; EDUCACAO; Agricultural Education; administrative managing; trade costs.
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Maciel, L. S. S. (2005). Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação. (Thesis). Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Retrieved from http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=762
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Maciel, Luiz Sérgio Samico. “Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação.” 2005. Thesis, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=762.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Maciel, Luiz Sérgio Samico. “Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação.” 2005. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Maciel LSS. Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=762.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Maciel LSS. Parceria entre o CEFET /PA e organizações públicas e privadas (1995-2002): Análise sob a ótica da economia dos custos de transação. [Thesis]. Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; 2005. Available from: http://bdtd.ufrrj.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=762
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Cornell University
29.
Gu, Weishi.
Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises.
Degree: PhD, Economics, 2013, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34374
► Three key issues have raised wide attention during the Great Recession. They are jobless recoveries in the U.S., the excessive leverage of global banking sector,…
(more)
▼ Three key issues have raised wide attention during the Great Recession. They are jobless recoveries in the U.S., the excessive leverage of global banking sector, and sovereign defaults in Europe. This dissertation studies each of them by chapter, yet they are all related to financing, from firms' financial conditions, to banks' borrowing, to countries' debt. Together, they concern about the relation between macroeconomics and finance from different angles. First, U.S. employment has recovered 3-6 quarters later relative to output recoveries in the post-1990 period, this has not happened before 1990s during the post-war period, which is what many call jobless recoveries. My first study explores how much firms' financial conditions (i.e., borrowing capacity) and firm-paid employee benefits (including health insurance cost) have contributed to the jobless recoveries, using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model. The paper makes four main contributions: 1) I document tighter financial conditions during recent three recoveries comparing to the ones before and show its impact on jobless recoveries and employment volatilities. 2) I document the underexplored cyclicality of per worker benefit
costs and show that the
costs decline during recessions and increase during recoveries. Moreover, the increases of per worker benefit
costs during recent recoveries have become larger. 3) Using the financial conditions, the pro-cyclicality of benefit
costs, and the
costs' rising trend, this model produces 3-to-7-quarter delays in employment recoveries relative to business cycle troughs for the 1990, 2001, and 2007 recessions and no delay for the pre-1990 period. This is consistent with the data that has scarcely been matched in previous literature. 4) The calibrated model generates more than 76 percent of employment volatility, as well as most of the volatility in per worker hours and in output. The second study, coauthored with Ruud de Mooij and Tigran Poghosyan, explores how corporate taxes affect the capital structure of multinational banks. Guided by a theory of optimal capital structure, it tests (i) whether local taxes induce subsidiary banks to raise leverage in light of traditional debt bias; and (ii) whether cross-country tax differences affect intra-bank capital structure through international debt shifting. Using a novel data set for 558 commercial bank subsidiaries of the 86 largest multinational banks in the world, we find that taxes matter significantly, through both the debt bias channel and the international debt shifting. Our results imply that taxation causes international debt spillovers through multinational banks. Last, there has been a long established relationship between default and international
trade in the empirical literature, however, its theoretical counterpart is scarce. My third study models the
trade impact of endogenous default in a stochastic dynamic framework of two open economies that features incomplete financial markets and currency crisis (exchange rate depreciation). In the model,…
Advisors/Committee Members: Prasad, Eswar Shanker (chair), Hallock, Kevin F. (committee member), Tsyrennikov, Viktor (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: employment; finance; benefit costs;
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Gu, W. (2013). Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34374
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Gu, Weishi. “Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34374.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Gu, Weishi. “Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Gu W. Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34374.
Council of Science Editors:
Gu W. Three Essays On Late-2000S Crises. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/34374
Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
30.
Fourie, Quinton.
The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry.
Degree: MBA, Faculty of Business and Economic Sciences, 2013, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020217
► The South African automotive industry has been identified as an important influence on the economy of South Africa. In particular, it plays a role in…
(more)
▼ The South African automotive industry has been identified as an important influence on the economy of South Africa. In particular, it plays a role in job creation in a country with high unemployment rates. However, being linked to a global industry, its competitive position and future relevance have come into question on numerous occasions. After a period of isolation and protection, the local industry had to enter global competition. The competitive playing field had suddenly widened from companies competing locally amongst each other for local market share, to competing globally for international sales. In addition it was found that competition was not only limited to opposing brands but also existed within the subsidiaries of the same brand. The reason for this was the existence of overcapacity in the manufacturing facilities internationally. Coupled with this, most of the dominant vehicle manufacturers were creating more capacity in developing markets to support demand as well as to benefit from cheaper resources. There are of course many influencing factors on the competitive position of such an important industry. The value chain has been identified as a tool to analyse and compare the activities within rival businesses or industry role players. Two primary activities within the value chain are inbound logistics and outbound logistics. The objective of the research was to investigate the influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automotive industry. A literature review created the conceptual framework for the research. It was necessary to discuss the automotive industry in a global sense to understand the history and trends of the development within the industry. It was also necessary to understand the South African automotive industry within this context to identify its place and relevance in global terms. It was found that, although important to the local economy, the local industry was not a dominant force to be reckoned with and was in fact being over taken by many of its competitors. Part of this investigation was spent on the development of the local industry in a protected environment and what it meant for the growth of local content and exports. This was also important as the component manufacturers based in South Africa need critical mass to create an efficient platform to be globally competitive. It was found that historic development programmes did not do much to improve this aspect but there is optimism about the latest programme which promotes an increase in production volumes. The state of logistics in South Africa was critically analysed to understand the influence it has on the automotive industry. It was found that although the logistics infrastructure within South Africa is the best in Africa, it is behind the standards of its competitors. This is influencing the automotive industry as a result of inadequate rail infrastructure. The reason for this was that most of the freight which was being transported by road would be more efficiently…
Advisors/Committee Members: Jonker, J A Prof.
Subjects/Keywords: Business logistics – South Africa – Costs; Competition – South Africa; Automobile industry and trade – South Africa
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
Share »
Record Details
Similar Records
Cite
« Share
❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Fourie, Q. (2013). The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry. (Masters Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020217
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fourie, Quinton. “The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed April 10, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020217.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fourie, Quinton. “The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Fourie Q. The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020217.
Council of Science Editors:
Fourie Q. The influence of inbound and outbound logistics on the competitiveness of the South African automobile industry. [Masters Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020217
◁ [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] ▶
. 
Open Access Theses and Dissertations
