subject:(Timber)

University of Georgia

1. Baker, Shawn Armon. Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South.

Degree: PhD, Forest Resources, 2015, University of Georgia

URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/baker_shawn_a_201505_phd

► Timber harvesting is a critical component of the US forest products supply chain. Despite the importance of the logging industry, relatively little reliable data are… (more)

▼ Timber harvesting is a critical component of the US forest products supply chain. Despite the importance of the logging industry, relatively little reliable data are available on the composition and performance of logging contractors either within a given geographic region or nationally. We develop methods for estimating logging capacity across a ten state region in the US South and provide a quarterly index which describes changes in logging costs for the southern timber harvesting industry. Logging capacity was found to have declined between 12% and 14% across the US South from 2006 to 2012 with some variation between multi-state sub-regions within the South. The excess or surge logging capacity within these regions measures the amount of logging capacity in excess of the actual demand for harvested products. The variation in this excess capacity was found to vary much more significantly across the South. The UGA Logging Cost Index was developed using data gathered in face-to-face interviews with logging contractors. Based on the percentage breakdown of annual logging costs from these contractors in 2011, we created a logging cost index using publicly available data on costs of diesel, equipment, maintenance, labor, interest, and other factors. Labor (32.8%), fuel (22.8%), and depreciation (19.3%) represented the greatest proportion of costs amongst respondents. The calculated cost index was found to match historical trends in logging costs. In addition, cost data gathered from contractors in 2012 and 2013 aligned well with the cost trends represented by the UGA Logging Cost Index. After correcting for inter-year production variation, the deviation of predicted costs (as represented by the UGA Logging Cost Index) and actual costs was 0.1%. The gap between prices paid for logging services (logging rates) and logging costs shrank between 2006 and 2013, indicating a reduction in the potential profit in the logging industry. Over this timeframe, logging capacity shrank considerably. Initial data from 2014 indicate that logging rates have increased relative to logging costs. While data are not yet available to indicate the impacts on capacity, the measures described here allow us to determine the effect of market forces on the logging industry. Advisors/Committee Members: Dale Greene.

Subjects/Keywords: Timber Harvesting

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baker, S. A. (2015). Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/baker_shawn_a_201505_phd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baker, Shawn Armon. “Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/baker_shawn_a_201505_phd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baker, Shawn Armon. “Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South.” 2015. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Baker SA. Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/baker_shawn_a_201505_phd.

Council of Science Editors:

Baker SA. Empirical indicators of the logging industry in the US South. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2015. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/baker_shawn_a_201505_phd

Virginia Tech

2. Desalvatore, Ryan Joseph. River Edge Retreat.

Degree: M. Arch., Architecture, 2013, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52642

► Nature has the power to provide persepctive, an atmosphere of reflection and contemplation, and also allows one to retreat to seclusion and recharge. A retreat… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Timber; Frame

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APA (6^th Edition):

Desalvatore, R. J. (2013). River Edge Retreat. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52642

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Desalvatore, Ryan Joseph. “River Edge Retreat.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52642.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Desalvatore, Ryan Joseph. “River Edge Retreat.” 2013. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Desalvatore RJ. River Edge Retreat. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52642.

Council of Science Editors:

Desalvatore RJ. River Edge Retreat. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52642

3. Bradley, Alistair. The flood resilience of light frame timber structures.

Degree: PhD, 2016, University of Bath

URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-flood-resilience-of-light-frame-timber-structures(8430c5b1-e1e8-489c-af5d-4d21efbbd38e).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698981

► The UK faces a significant risk from flooding in the future, however the impact of flooding on structures is an area that has suffered from… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: flood; timber

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bradley, A. (2016). The flood resilience of light frame timber structures. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-flood-resilience-of-light-frame-timber-structures(8430c5b1-e1e8-489c-af5d-4d21efbbd38e).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698981

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bradley, Alistair. “The flood resilience of light frame timber structures.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed October 15, 2019. https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-flood-resilience-of-light-frame-timber-structures(8430c5b1-e1e8-489c-af5d-4d21efbbd38e).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698981.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bradley, Alistair. “The flood resilience of light frame timber structures.” 2016. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Bradley A. The flood resilience of light frame timber structures. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-flood-resilience-of-light-frame-timber-structures(8430c5b1-e1e8-489c-af5d-4d21efbbd38e).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698981.

Council of Science Editors:

Bradley A. The flood resilience of light frame timber structures. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2016. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-flood-resilience-of-light-frame-timber-structures(8430c5b1-e1e8-489c-af5d-4d21efbbd38e).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.698981

Colorado State University

4. Kode, Anirudh. Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189259

► Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) has only recently garnered attention as a new building material in the United States. Despite being introduced in Europe nearly 20… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Diaphragm; Cross Laminated Timber; Mass TImber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kode, A. (2018). Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189259

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kode, Anirudh. “Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189259.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kode, Anirudh. “Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm.” 2018. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Kode A. Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189259.

Council of Science Editors:

Kode A. Testing of a full-scale mass timber diaphragm. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/189259

University of Canterbury

5. Leslie, Samuel Richard. Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand.

Degree: Engineering Management, 2013, University of Canterbury

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122

► XLam New Zealand Limited is the first company in New Zealand to manufacture Cross Laminated Timber (CLT); structural timber panels used for roof, floor and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Cross Laminated Timber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Leslie, S. R. (2013). Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand. (Thesis). University of Canterbury. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Leslie, Samuel Richard. “Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand.” 2013. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Leslie, Samuel Richard. “Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand.” 2013. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Leslie SR. Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Leslie SR. Cross Laminated Timber; Options for Improving the Long Term Production Line of CLT in New Zealand. [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9122

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Canterbury

6. Smith, Tobias. Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices.

Degree: Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2014, University of Canterbury

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9217

► In recent years the public expectation of what is acceptable in seismic resisting construction has changed significantly. Engineers today live under demands which are far… (more)

▼ In recent years the public expectation of what is acceptable in seismic resisting construction has changed significantly. Engineers today live under demands which are far more intensive than their historical counterparts and recent seismic events have shown that preserving life is no longer sufficient, and a preservation of livelihood is now the minimum. This means that after a major seismic event a building should not only be intact but be usable with no or minimal post-quake intervention. In addition to this already high expectation these demands must be met in a green and sustainable fashion with minimal (or even negative) environmental impact. This doctoral project looks to further advance the research into a new and innovative method of timber construction which satisfies (and exceeds) these demands. In response to these higher expectations recent developments in the field of seismic design have led to the development of damage control design philosophies and innovative seismic resistant systems. Jointed ductile connections for precast concrete structures have been implemented and successfully validated. One of these systems, referred to as the hybrid system, combines the use of unbonded post-tensioned tendons with grouted longitudinal mild steel bars or any other form of dissipation reinforcing device. During the controlled rocking of the system under seismic loading the post-tensioning provides desirable recentering properties, while the devices allow adequate energy dissipation from the system as well as increased moment resistance at column bases and beam-column connections. The hybrid concept is material independent and in 2004 an extensive campaign was begun to investigate the performance of the hybrid system when applied to large engineered timber members. Numerous small and large scale tests on both subassemblies and full buildings were performed showing that post-tensioned timber meets the seismic resilience demands now imposed by society. Recently this technology has also been applied in practice with over ten structures now using post-tensioned timber walls or frames, or a combination of the two, in New Zealand. In-spite of the extensive research effort and the acceptance and adoption in practice of post-tensioned timber as a structural system, significant work was still required in the review and refinement of both the system itself and the analytical and numerical methods used to predict and analyse structural performance. The objectives of this research were to review and refine comprehension of the static and dynamic response, analytical and numerical modelling, and design of post-tensioned timber frames under lateral loading. In order to do this a three phase experimental testing campaign was devised and performed including quasi-static testing of an angle dissipative reinforcing device, quasi-static testing of a full-scale beam-column joint and the mono-directional dynamic testing of a 2/3rd scale three storey frame. All testing used glue laminated timber, which had not been previously…

Subjects/Keywords: Post-tensioned timber frames; Dynamic timber; Pres-Lam; Timber shake table testing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, T. (2014). Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices. (Thesis). University of Canterbury. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9217

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Tobias. “Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices.” 2014. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9217.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Tobias. “Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices.” 2014. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Smith T. Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9217.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Smith T. Post-tensioned Timber Frames with Supplemental Damping Devices. [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9217

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

KTH

7. Tjernberg, Frida. Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project.

Degree: Building Materials, 2015, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170636

► Folkhem is a Swedish company exclusively building timber residential buildings in the Stockholm area. The company is currently in the planning stages of what… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: timber high-rise; dynamic response; wind-load; construction system; tall timber buildings; timber construction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tjernberg, F. (2015). Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170636

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tjernberg, Frida. “Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project.” 2015. Thesis, KTH. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170636.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tjernberg, Frida. “Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project.” 2015. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Tjernberg F. Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170636.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tjernberg F. Wind-induced dynamic response of a 22-storey timber building : Options for structural design of the Hallonbergen project. [Thesis]. KTH; 2015. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-170636

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Georgia

8. Marr, David Allan. Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999.

Degree: MS, Geography, 2004, University of Georgia

URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/marr_david_a_200405_ms

► The effects of timber-harvesting and wildfires on the vegetated landscape were compared using 1999 color infrared Digital Orthophoto Quarter Quads (DOQQs) for Sapelo Island, Georgia.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Timber-harvesting

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marr, D. A. (2004). Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/marr_david_a_200405_ms

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marr, David Allan. “Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999.” 2004. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/marr_david_a_200405_ms.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marr, David Allan. “Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999.” 2004. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Marr DA. Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2004. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/marr_david_a_200405_ms.

Council of Science Editors:

Marr DA. Effect of wildfire and shelterwood timber-harvesting on the vegetated landscape of Sapelo Island, Georgia, 1994-1999. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2004. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/marr_david_a_200405_ms

University of Canterbury

9. Iqbal, Md Asif. Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings.

Degree: Civil and Natural Resources Engineering, 2011, University of Canterbury

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5379

► Timber has experienced renewed interests as a sustainable building material in recent times. Although traditionally it has been the prime choice for residential construction in… (more)

▼ Timber has experienced renewed interests as a sustainable building material in recent times. Although traditionally it has been the prime choice for residential construction in New Zealand and some other parts of the world, its use can be increased significantly in the future through a wider range of applications, particularly when adopting engineered wood material, Research has been started on the development of innovative solutions for multi-storey non-residential timber buildings in recent years and this study is part of that initiative. Application of timber in commercial and office spaces posed some challenges with requirements of large column-free spaces. The current construction practice with timber is not properly suited for structures with the aforementioned required characteristics and new type of structures has to be developed for this type of applications. Any new structural system has to have adequate capacity for carry the gravity and lateral loads due to occupancy and the environmental effects. Along with wind loading, one of the major sources of lateral loads is earthquakes. New Zealand, being located in a seismically active region, has significant risk of earthquake hazard specially in the central region of the country and any structure has be designed for the seismic loading appropriate for the locality. There have been some significant developments in precast concrete in terms of solutions for earthquake resistant structures in the last decade. The “Hybrid” concept combining post-tensioning and energy dissipating elements with structural members has been introduced in the late 1990s by the precast concrete industry to achieve moment-resistant connections based on dry jointed ductile connections. Recent research at the University of Canterbury has shown that the concept can be adopted for timber for similar applications. Hybrid timber frames using post-tensioned beams and dissipaters have the potential to allow longer spans and smaller cross sections than other forms of solid timber frames. Buildings with post-tensioned frames and walls can have larger column-free spaces which is a particular advantage for non-residential applications. While other researchers are focusing on whole structural systems, this research concentrated on the analysis and design of individual members and connections between members or between member and foundation. This thesis extends existing knowledge on the seismic behaviour and response of post-tensioned single walls, columns under uni-direction loads and small scale beam-column joint connections into the response and design of post-tensioned coupled walls, columns under bi-directional loading and full-scale beam-column joints, as well as to generate further insight into practical applications of the design concept for subassemblies. Extensive experimental investigation of walls, column and beam-column joints provided valuable confirmation of the satisfactory performance of these systems. In general, they all exhibited almost complete re-centering capacity and…

Subjects/Keywords: Timber Buildings; Seismic Design

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iqbal, M. A. (2011). Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings. (Thesis). University of Canterbury. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5379

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iqbal, Md Asif. “Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings.” 2011. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5379.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iqbal, Md Asif. “Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings.” 2011. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Iqbal MA. Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5379.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Iqbal MA. Seismic response and design of subassemblies for multi-storey prestressed timber buildings. [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5379

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

10. Baker, Lyle Albert. Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest.

Degree: M.F., Forest Management, 1941, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12829

Subjects/Keywords: Timber – Oregon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baker, L. A. (1941). Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12829

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baker, Lyle Albert. “Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest.” 1941. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12829.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baker, Lyle Albert. “Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest.” 1941. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Baker LA. Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1941. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12829.

Council of Science Editors:

Baker LA. Timber growing versus grazing on the non-forested areas of the McDonald forest. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1941. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/12829

11. Rocha, Luís Manuel Fernandes. Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest.

Degree: 2012, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/8139

► This thesis aimed to demonstrate the forestry potential of pellets and / or electricity production in the district of Bragança. First, the use of Forest… (more)

▼ This thesis aimed to demonstrate the forestry potential of pellets and / or electricity production in the district of Bragança. First, the use of Forest Biomass at international and national level was analyzed to better situate the forestry market and its growing potential up to today. Then, the forest operating systems existing able to be used were analyzed, dividing them into five components: activities of production, forest biomass transportation, forest processing systems, and conversion technologies. Next, a review of forest biomass in the district of Bragança, using the 2007 Land Cover Map for Continental Portugal, the 5th National Forest Inventory and Florestat 5.0 software, was carried. For annual values of forest biomass to be industrially processed, three scenarios were considered (conservative, regular and optimistic) estimating 144.645, 227.484 and 340.340 tones to be of industrial processes, using as example of study the pellet production plant and thermoelectric power station of Mortágua, Viseu. The values of annual production of pellets range from 57.607 to 135.545 tonnes re-sulting in sales between 1,8 to 4,3 M€, and, for the thermoelectric power station the production was between 134,3 to 316 GWh achieving sales between 2,4 to 5,7 M€. An estimate of electricity dependence reduction was performed to the district of Bragança using forest biomass, reaching 58% for a conservative scenario and 137% for an optimist scenario. Finally, the political and environmental limitations are presented per scenario. Esta tese teve como objetivo demonstrar o potencial florestal na produção de pellets e / ou eletricidade no distrito de Bragança. Inicialmente descreveu-se o uso da Biomassa Florestal a nível internacional e nacio-nal, para melhor situar o mercado florestal e o seu crescente potencial até aos dias de hoje. Seguidamente foram analisados os sistemas operativos florestais, dividindo-os em cinco componentes: atividades de produção, transporte da biomassa florestal, sistemas de processamento florestal, transformação da biomassa florestal em produto final e tec-nologias de conversão. Com uso da Carta de Ocupação do Solo de 2007, do 5.º Inventário Florestal Nacio-nal e software Florestat 5.0 foi determinada a área florestal de potencial interesse no distrito de Bragança. Consideraram-se três cenários de acréscimos médios anuais (con-servador, regular e otimista) estimando valores de 144.645, 227.484 e 340.340 tonela-das secas de biomassa florestal para serem industrialmente processadas, usando como exemplo de estudo a fábrica de produção de pellets e a central termoelétrica em Mortá-gua, Viseu. Estimaram-se valores de produção anual de pellets entre 57.607 a 135.545 toneladas originando vendas de 1,8 a 4,3 milhões de Euros, e, a produção termoelétrica variou entre 134,3 a 316 GWh, atingindo vendas entre 2,4 a 5,7 milhões de Euros. Ainda se estimou a redução da dependência elétrica no distrito de Bragança com uso da biomassa florestal, atingindo 58% para um cenário pessimista e 137% para um cená-rio otimista.… Advisors/Committee Members: Castro, João Paulo, Ribeiro, Luís Frölén.

Subjects/Keywords: Biomass; pellets; electricity; timber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rocha, L. M. F. (2012). Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest. (Thesis). Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/8139

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rocha, Luís Manuel Fernandes. “Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest.” 2012. Thesis, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança. Accessed October 15, 2019. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/8139.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rocha, Luís Manuel Fernandes. “Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest.” 2012. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Rocha LMF. Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest. [Internet] [Thesis]. Instituto Politécnico de Bragança; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/8139.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rocha LMF. Analysis on the feasibility of electricity and pellet production in the district of Bragança using coniferous forest. [Thesis]. Instituto Politécnico de Bragança; 2012. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:bibliotecadigital.ipb.pt:10198/8139

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

12. Loferski, Joseph R. Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing.

Degree: MS, Forest Products, 1980, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16656

► Defining the inelastic behavior of nail joints is essential in the development of a rational design procedure of wood-stud walls. Prediction equations were developed for… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Timber joints

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APA (6^th Edition):

Loferski, J. R. (1980). Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16656

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Loferski, Joseph R. “Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing.” 1980. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16656.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Loferski, Joseph R. “Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing.” 1980. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Loferski JR. Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1980. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16656.

Council of Science Editors:

Loferski JR. Inelastic stiffness moduli for nail joints between wood studs and plywood sheathing. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1980. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/16656

Oregon State University

13. Redlinger, Mark J., 1972-. Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads.

Degree: MS, Forest Products, 1998, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18429

► The objective of this research is to understand the behavior of metal-plate- connected (MPC) joints by examining actual MPC truss heel and tension splice joints… (more)

▼ The objective of this research is to understand the behavior of metal-plate- connected (MPC) joints by examining actual MPC truss heel and tension splice joints subjected to hurricane wind load simulations and impact loads. A hurricane wind load simulation was applied to MPC heel joints to determine if a large scale wind event would cause strength loss or change the joint stiffness. An "impact" load of one second duration (as defined by the American Forest and Paper Association (AFPA) (1991)) was also applied to MPC heel joints and tension splice joints. Two different impact loads were applied to MPC tension splice joints to determine if strength degradation or stiffness change occurs due to loads with short duration and high maximum load. Finally, MPC tension splice joints were subjected to a ramp load which linearly increased ten times faster than the control group ramp load to determine if shorter duration tests still produce "static" loading results. All observed properties were compared to a control group which was subjected to a static ramp load. Both MPC heel and tension splice joints exhibited non-linear behavior under static ramp loads and failed with little warning because the tests were load- controlled. Tooth withdrawal, wood shear failure, and plate failure modes were all seen for both types of MPC joints. Heel joints tested with the top member in tension proved to have 17% higher average ultimate strength and 42% lower average ultimate deflection than heel joints tested with the top member in compression. The stiffness of heel joints increased by an average of 300% after the tension wind simulation. This stiffness increase is possibly due to wood densification near the metal teeth. The impact load, which increases from the dead load to double the design load caused a stiffness increase similar to the stiffness increase produced by the tension wind simulations. No significant strength degradation was caused by dynamic loadings on heel joints. The accelerated ramp load produced the same results as the static ramp load in 1110th the time. Joint stiffness decreased after the impact load for tension splice joints, but increased for heel joints. Impact loads caused no decrease in strength. Increasing the impact spike magnitude by 50% produced 360% more deflection during the spike. Advisors/Committee Members: Miller, Thomas H. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Timber joints

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APA (6^th Edition):

Redlinger, Mark J., 1. (1998). Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18429

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Redlinger, Mark J., 1972-. “Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads.” 1998. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18429.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Redlinger, Mark J., 1972-. “Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads.” 1998. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Redlinger, Mark J. 1. Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 1998. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18429.

Council of Science Editors:

Redlinger, Mark J. 1. Behavior of metal-plate-connected wood truss joints under wind and impact loads. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 1998. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/18429

University of British Columbia

14. Mosher, Gary Alfred. Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice.

Degree: 1970, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34780

► Feeding trials were conducted during 1968 and 1969 to study the physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, timber milkvetch, (TMV) in sfieep. In Trial… (more)

▼ Feeding trials were conducted during 1968 and 1969 to study the physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, timber milkvetch, (TMV) in sfieep. In Trial I, TMV was collected from Kamloops and Clinton, pelleted and fed to U groups of Dorset Horn wethers at levels of 0, 35, 70 and 100%. The symptoms exhibited by the sheep fed 100% TMV included backward flexion of the fetlock - joints, hind limb paralysis and inco—ordination of movements. The presence of longitudinal ulcers in the intestines was a characteristic lesion observed in the sheep fed 100% TMV. Fatty infiltration and hemorrhages in the liver and kidney were also observed. After the vetch was cut, dried and pelleted, the miserotoxin content dropped from 2.3 - 3.4% to 0.9%. Trial II was carried out under actual grazing conditions near Kamloops. Yearling ewes fed freshly cut TMV showed symptoms similar to those observed in Trial I. However, the symptoms were less severe and could be observed only when the sheep were exerted. The intestinal ulcers were found to be confined to the jejunum. The activity of the serum glutamic – oxaloacetic transaminase was significantly (p <.05) elevated in the sheep fed TMV indicating extensive tissue destruction. The level of thiamine in blood in both the trials was found to be within the normal range indicating that the beneficial effects of thiamine as a therapeutic agent in TMV poisoning may be indirect. When rats and mice were fed TMV, it was found that they developed a syndrome characterized by the manifestation of convulsive movements terminating in a state of inactivity and a significant decline in body temperature. Extensive hemorrhages were seen in the gastric mucosa. By chromatographic procedures it has been shown that miserotoxin is hydrolyzed to glucose and 3 - nitropropionic acid in the stomach of monogastric animals. In ruminants, miserotoxin is hydrolyzed to glucose and 3 - nitro - 1 - propanol which appears to be responsible for the toxicity.

Subjects/Keywords: Timber milkvetch

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mosher, G. A. (1970). Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice. (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34780

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mosher, Gary Alfred. “Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice. ” 1970. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34780.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mosher, Gary Alfred. “Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice. ” 1970. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Mosher GA. Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1970. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34780.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mosher GA. Physiological effects of Astragalus miser var. serotinus, (timber milkvetch) on sheep, rats, and mice. [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1970. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34780

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of British Columbia

15. Hadi, Yusuf bin. Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai .

Degree: 1982, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23431

► Since 1957, growth of forestry and forest industries in Peninsular Malaysia has been rapid and uncoordinated. Annual timber production from the permanent forest estate and… (more)

▼ Since 1957, growth of forestry and forest industries in Peninsular Malaysia has been rapid and uncoordinated. Annual timber production from the permanent forest estate and forests designated for agriculture increased six times to 11.6 million m³ in 1979. Lumber and plywood mill capacity expanded seven times to 10.1 million m³. Previous estimates of the annually available timber supply have ranged from 4.5 to 17.0 million m³. This thesis presents improved methods of planning timber supply for Peninsular Malaysia which should remedy the three major shortcomings in previous analyses and the current planning system. The improved methods consider, for the first time, the full range of timber utilization and forest management possibilities for Peninsular Malaysia, and describe additional potential sources of wood. In addition, the analysis of timber supply state by state could involve the hitherto neglected state governments which own and manage the forests within their territories. Linear programming (Timber RAM) is used to optimize timber supply, as a superior alternative to the traditional area control. Ten scenarios for timber utilization and forest management are considered for Peninsular Malaysia. Only one scenario, representing modest improvement in logging and extensive management of the indigenous forests, is analysed state by state because of insufficient data. The potential for expanded harvests is substantial. However, the magnitude of future harvests is difficult to define because responses of trees to various silvicultural treatments and the eventual extent of the productive forests and priorities likely to be assigned to timber management are not now fully understood. Future annual timber harvests could be increased up to 73.3 million m³, seven times the current harvest, if all productive indigenous forests were converted to plantations of fast-growing species. Increases could also result from improved methods of logging, use of smaller trees and more species, intensification of management, and better utilization of rubberwood, oil palm, mangroves, and forest and mill residues. On the other hand, major timber shortages are likely to occur if current wasteful logging and inadequate management continue. Harvests could be reduced 70 percent. The north-eastern states (Perak, Kelantan, Trengganu and Pahang) will continue to supply more than 70 percent of total timber production. Any increase in harvest from improved timber utilization and forest management will occur mainly in these states. Growth of forest industries, which has started in these states, will continue and accelerate. In contrast, the southwestern states are experiencing a timber shortage, and should shift to further processing of timber to utilize existing infrastructure and available manpower. The recommended planning methods could form the core of a computer-assisted forest planning system for Peninsular Malaysia. The ability of linear programming to help define alternatives, to optimize, and to carry out efficient, effective, and…

Subjects/Keywords: Timber – Malaysia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hadi, Y. b. (1982). Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai . (Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23431

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hadi, Yusuf bin. “Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai .” 1982. Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23431.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hadi, Yusuf bin. “Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai .” 1982. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Hadi Yb. Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1982. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23431.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hadi Yb. Planning timber supply from the forests of Peninsular Malaysai . [Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1982. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23431

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Delft University of Technology

16. Wu, Q. The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:.

Degree: 2014, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16ad495c-3ec2-4438-96da-f65e63dc0729

► Two parts are included in this one year graduation project:first part is the technique research paper about complex timber structure in digital fabrication; second part… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: digital fabrication; complex timber structure

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, Q. (2014). The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16ad495c-3ec2-4438-96da-f65e63dc0729

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Q. “The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16ad495c-3ec2-4438-96da-f65e63dc0729.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Q. “The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:.” 2014. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Wu Q. The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16ad495c-3ec2-4438-96da-f65e63dc0729.

Council of Science Editors:

Wu Q. The cycle pavilion in Brettenzone -Architecture Engineering Graduation Studio 11:. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2014. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16ad495c-3ec2-4438-96da-f65e63dc0729

Delft University of Technology

17. Van den Boogaard, T. Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:.

Degree: 2011, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23fde617-80c1-430d-bf4e-39c98e5a6048

► In recent years, various types of plate-like timber materials have been introduced to the building industry, offering a wide range of new possibilities. Due to… (more)

▼ In recent years, various types of plate-like timber materials have been introduced to the building industry, offering a wide range of new possibilities. Due to a lack of knowledge on these possibilities, in the Netherlands, the material is not used as often as could be expected. To explore the boundaries of timber engineering, in this thesis, it is investigated whether it is feasible to engineer a stadium structure that is composed of timber elements to the utmost extent. The focus within this feasibility study is on the structural system, the floors and the grandstands. The roof structure is not included, since it appeared that such structures are already common in practice. As a reference, use is made of the architectural design of the Euroborg stadium, which was designed and engineered by BAM Advies & Engineering in recent years. The first part of the thesis provides an introduction to the most important aspects concerning the design and engineering of a stadium structure. Next to that, reference projects are discussed to provide insight in the possibilities of timber as a structural material. The preliminary design is elaborated on in the second part of the thesis. Investigating several structural systems it is found that a timber core system proves to be most beneficial. Decisive factors are the excellent fitting to the existing architectural design and the ease of erection. The proposed cores have a height of 19.22 m and are compiled from 4 walls, having a width of 5 m each, which are made from LVL elements. Analysing various floor products that are available on the market, timber hollow core elements called Lignatur appeared to be most beneficial to be implemented in the design. These span 14.4 m between the front and the back façades of the stadium structure and are supported by glued laminated timber support beams. Accounting for the required free height at the distinct floors, the span-width of these beams is limited to 9.65 m. When the grandstands are concerned, 4-tier elements made from LVL are introduced. Accounting for grandstand elements with an increased riser height the maximum span-width becomes 10.4 m, where vibrations are governing and under the condition that the grandstand support beams are infinitesimally stiff. Accounting for Glulam support beams, the maximum span-width decreases to a certain extent. In the detailed design phase, the feasibility of the proposed structural system is considered more in detail. At first, the structural behaviour lintels that are present in the core walls are investigated. It appears that these comply with all requirements. Evaluating the preliminary design phase, an expert on construction technology posed questions on the erection of timber cores with the proposed dimensions. It has therefore been investgated what structural consequences it holds when the core is divided in storey-high segments. It appeared that several measures are required to transfer the acting stresses at the horizontal joints. A feasible solution is acquired by applying a combined… Advisors/Committee Members: Van de Kuilen, J.W.G., Ravenshorst, G.J.P., De Vries, P.A., Pasterkamp, S., Van der Wal, V..

Subjects/Keywords: stadium; engineering; timber; feasibility

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APA (6^th Edition):

Van den Boogaard, T. (2011). Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23fde617-80c1-430d-bf4e-39c98e5a6048

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van den Boogaard, T. “Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23fde617-80c1-430d-bf4e-39c98e5a6048.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van den Boogaard, T. “Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:.” 2011. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Van den Boogaard T. Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23fde617-80c1-430d-bf4e-39c98e5a6048.

Council of Science Editors:

Van den Boogaard T. Timber Stadium Engineering: a feasibility study:. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2011. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23fde617-80c1-430d-bf4e-39c98e5a6048

Delft University of Technology

18. Timmer, S.G.C. Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:.

Degree: 2011, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5da007ef-1021-46be-98ab-13284dba0505

► Advantages of timber as a building material are: small dead weight, good thermal characteristics and in some cases low overall building cost. Nature has created… (more)

▼ Advantages of timber as a building material are: small dead weight, good thermal characteristics and in some cases low overall building cost. Nature has created large cantilever structures of 150 m high in the form of eucalyptus threes. History show furthermore manmade structures as timber radio towers of 190 m high and wooden religious structures of almost a 1000 years old, towering 67 m in the air. The most recent modern tall timber building is about 29 m high, contains nine storey’s is located in London, UK, and is called “the Murray Grove Tower”. What is discussed above leads to the question: “What is the height limit for tall timber buildings”. To answer this question, the objective of this thesis is twofold. The first objective of this thesis is to determine the influence factors on the height of timber buildings. The second objective is to create proof through analysis of a case study design of at least 100 m high within a determined set of boundary conditions. A preliminary study was conducted to realise the first objective. This preliminary study contained a problem analysis in which the influence factors were determined and a definition was found for tall timber buildings. The main influence factors are part of architectural requirements, structural issues, fire safety and building physics. The influence factors are quantified to achieve the highest potential. This deduction of influence factors resulted in a set of boundary conditions and proposed solutions. First a universal floor plan was designed as a starting point. A minimum wall-window ratio of 15% and a building slenderness of 1:4 were set as architectural boundary conditions. The material applied to the load bearing structure was chosen to consist of timber laminations of strength class D70 which has a positive effect on the structural and fire characteristics. The proposed stability system consists of a braced tube-in-tube structure. The investigated types of bracing are the Diagid geometry, simple diagonal bracing and a solid timber shear wall bracing. To realize a fire safe design, relevant objectives are satisfied though the choice of a fire concept, in combination with fire suppression measures, resulting in compartment burn out. In the second part of the thesis these proposed solutions are investigated. Four variants where created consisting of a set, corresponding to the geometry of the proposed types of bracing and associated joint solution. Three-dimensional models where created with finite element software of these variants. Of these models, parameters are modified in order to investigate: the influence of the joint stiffness; the building core stiffness; and the support stiffness on the global behavior. The investigation on the global behavior of the systems focused on the deflection at the top, the development of bending moments within members and the dynamical behavior. An optimisation of the cross sections of structural members was also conducted in order to investigate the competition of feasibility between variants. The fire… Advisors/Committee Members: Nijsse, R., Ravenshorst, G.J.P., Terwel, K.C., Sandhaas, C., Vambersky, J.N.J.A..

Subjects/Keywords: tall buildings; timber; wood; firesafety

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APA (6^th Edition):

Timmer, S. G. C. (2011). Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5da007ef-1021-46be-98ab-13284dba0505

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Timmer, S G C. “Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5da007ef-1021-46be-98ab-13284dba0505.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Timmer, S G C. “Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:.” 2011. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Timmer SGC. Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5da007ef-1021-46be-98ab-13284dba0505.

Council of Science Editors:

Timmer SGC. Feasibility of Tall Timber Buildings:. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2011. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5da007ef-1021-46be-98ab-13284dba0505

Mississippi State University

19. Hamiter, Bonnie Leigh. WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS.

Degree: MS, Forestry, 2009, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03242009-161241/ ;

► Sediment is a leading contributor to nonpoint source (NPS) pollution in streams and rivers. Sources and sinks of sediment movement were identified for a 121-hectare… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: timber harvesting; sediment transport; watershed

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hamiter, B. L. (2009). WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03242009-161241/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hamiter, Bonnie Leigh. “WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS.” 2009. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03242009-161241/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hamiter, Bonnie Leigh. “WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS.” 2009. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Hamiter BL. WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2009. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03242009-161241/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Hamiter BL. WATERSHED-SCALE SEDIMENT MOVEMENT IN RELATION TO IN-STREAM WATER QUALITY: PRE- AND POST-HARVEST OBSERVATIONS. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2009. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03242009-161241/ ;

Mississippi State University

20. Yao, Qi. EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS.

Degree: MS, Forestry, 2010, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282010-180559/ ;

► Oak decline-induced mortality and failure of oak regeneration have become a concern in upland oak forests in the Missouri Ozarks. This project investigated the effects… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: TIMBER HARVESTING; MISSOURI OZARKS

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yao, Q. (2010). EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282010-180559/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yao, Qi. “EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282010-180559/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yao, Qi. “EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS.” 2010. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Yao Q. EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282010-180559/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Yao Q. EFFECTS OF TIMBER HARVESTING ON UPLAND OAK FORESTS IN THE MISSOURI OZARKS. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2010. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04282010-180559/ ;

Clemson University

21. Raymond, Augustus L. An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures.

Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2019, Clemson University

URL: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3095

► This thesis covers initial concepts for a Cross-Laminated Timber house made to resist EF 3 tornado wind pressures. At the time of writing, it… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: CLT; Mass Timber; Structure; Tornado

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APA (6^th Edition):

Raymond, A. L. (2019). An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures. (Masters Thesis). Clemson University. Retrieved from https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3095

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Raymond, Augustus L. “An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Clemson University. Accessed October 15, 2019. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3095.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Raymond, Augustus L. “An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures.” 2019. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Raymond AL. An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Clemson University; 2019. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3095.

Council of Science Editors:

Raymond AL. An Exploration into Tornado Resistant Residential CLT Structures. [Masters Thesis]. Clemson University; 2019. Available from: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3095

Victoria University of Wellington

22. Isaacs, Nigel. Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982.

Degree: 2015, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/4804

► A systematic investigation was undertaken of the techniques (materials and technologies) used to construct the shell of the New Zealand house (envelope and interior linings)… (more)

▼ A systematic investigation was undertaken of the techniques (materials and technologies) used to construct the shell of the New Zealand house (envelope and interior linings) between 1792 and 1982. Using census, manufacturing and import statistics with analysis of local and international archives and publications, principal techniques were selected and documented. A review of local construction and building publications provide a background to the development of construction education and training, as well as the speed of change. Analysis of census data showed that from 1858 to 1981 the majority of dwelling walls in terms of construction (appearance) were timber, brick, board or concrete, while the structure was timber frame. Analysis of import data for seven materials (galvanised iron, asbestos cement, cement, window glass, wood nails, gypsum and roofing slate) from 1870 to 1965 found the UK was a majority supplier until 1925, except for USA gypsum. For the rest of the period, the UK continued to play a preeminent role with increasing Australian imports and local manufacture. Examination of archival and published information on techniques used for the sub-floor, floor, wall (construction and structure), fenestration, roof and thermal insulation provide an overview of country of orign, decade of arrival, spread of use and, if relevant, reasons for failure. Forty materials (including earth and brick, stone, cement and concrete, timber and ferrous metals) and twenty-four technologies are documented. Revised dates of first NZ use are provided for eight of these e.g. the shift from balloon to platform framing occurred in the early 1880s rather than 1890s. Three case studies examine different aspects of the techniques (nails 1860 to 1965, hollow concrete blocks 1904 to 1910 and camerated concrete 1908 to 1920). The research shows that timber was the predominant structural (framing) material from 1792 to 1982. From the 1930s there was a shift away from timber construction (external appearance) to a wider range of products, including brick, board (asbestos- and more recently fibre-cement) and concrete. A new chronological classification of house development is proposed. These techniques travelled in a variety of ways and at speeds which indicate over this time New Zealand was technologically well connected and supported an innovative construction sector. The techniques covered are: Boards: asbestos, and cellulose fibre-cement, particle, plywood, pumice, softboard, and hardboard; Bricks: double and veneer; Building paper; Cement and lime: local and imported; Concrete: hollow block, monolithic, reinforced, Camerated, Oratonu and Pearse patents; Fired earth: bricks and terracotta roof tiles; Floors: concrete slab, suspended, and terrazzo; Framing: balloon, braced, light steel, and platform; Insulation: cork, fibreglass, macerated paper, perlite, pumice, foil, and mineral wool; Iron and Steel: cast and wrought iron, steel; Linings: fibrous plaster, plasterboard and wet; metal tile, shingles and slates; Nails: cut,… Advisors/Committee Members: Vale, Brenda, Kernohan, David.

Subjects/Keywords: House; Technology; History; Timber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Isaacs, N. (2015). Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982. (Doctoral Dissertation). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/4804

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Isaacs, Nigel. “Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/4804.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Isaacs, Nigel. “Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982.” 2015. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Isaacs N. Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/4804.

Council of Science Editors:

Isaacs N. Making the New Zealand House 1792 – 1982. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/4804

North Carolina State University

23. Liu, Shan. Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests.

Degree: MS, Forestry, 2009, North Carolina State University

URL: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/2384

► Several studies have examined the theoretical aspects of determining the optimal carbon rotation. This paper explores the tradeoff between timber and net carbon sequestration in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: NC; timber; FIA; Carbon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, S. (2009). Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests. (Thesis). North Carolina State University. Retrieved from http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/2384

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Shan. “Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests.” 2009. Thesis, North Carolina State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/2384.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Shan. “Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests.” 2009. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Liu S. Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests. [Internet] [Thesis]. North Carolina State University; 2009. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/2384.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liu S. Estimating the Potential Impact of Carbon Markets on North Carolina Forests. [Thesis]. North Carolina State University; 2009. Available from: http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/2384

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Florida

24. Roopsind, Anand Ramotar. Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability.

Degree: PhD, Botany - Biology, 2017, University of Florida

URL: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0051402

► Implementation of reduced-impact logging (RIL) practices is expected to contribute to the sustainability of selective timber harvests from tropical forests while helping to maintain ecosystem… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: biodiversity – carbon – logging – timber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Roopsind, A. R. (2017). Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0051402

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roopsind, Anand Ramotar. “Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0051402.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roopsind, Anand Ramotar. “Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability.” 2017. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Roopsind AR. Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0051402.

Council of Science Editors:

Roopsind AR. Sustainable Forest Management the Role of Reduced Impact Logging for Timber and Environmental Sustainability. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2017. Available from: http://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0051402

University of Manitoba

25. Al-hayek, Hanan. Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams.

Degree: Civil Engineering, 2014, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23968

► An experimental program was carried out to investigate the effect of post-tensioning on timber beams and the performance of timber bridge decks with post-tensioned stringers.… (more)

▼ An experimental program was carried out to investigate the effect of post-tensioning on timber beams and the performance of timber bridge decks with post-tensioned stringers. The experimental program contains three phases. As part of the first phase, twenty shear tests were performed to determine the ultimate capacity of lag screws that could be used in the post-tensioning process. Results showed that six lag screws with a diameter of 12.7 mm were adequate for the anchorage system. The second phase included testing 22 full scale timber beams. Six beams were control without any reinforcement. The remaining sixteen beams were post-tensioned with either draped or straight carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) tendons (Groups CD and C) or steel cables (Groups SD with draped cables and S with straight cables).The results revealed that the strength and the stiffness for Group CD were increased on average by 70% and 10%, respectively, while the strength for Group C was increased on average by 56%. In contrast, the strength and the stiffness for Group SD were increased on average by 45% and 4%, respectively, while the strength for Group S was increased on average by 49%. The bending strength of the post-tensioned timber beams was predicted using analytical model. The third phase of the research included the construction of four timber bridge decks: control deck (BD-CO), deck with stringers post-tensioned with draped CFRP tendons (BD-DC), deck with stringers post-tensioned with draped steel tendons (BD-DS), and a deck with stringers strengthened with near-surface mounted glass fibre-reinforced polymer bars (NSM-GFRP) referred to as BD-G. Post-tensioning the stringers of BD-DS and the stringers of BD-DC increased the apparent stiffness on average by 2% and 3%, respectively. In contrast, the apparent stiffness for the stringers of BD-G increased on average by 29%. SECAN program was used to analyze the four timber bridge decks. It was found that SECAN can predict the behaviour of the timber bridge deck based on the experimental stiffness of the individual tests. Cost analysis was done for the three strengthening techniques. It was found that post-tensioning stringers with draped steel cables can be cost effective. Advisors/Committee Members: Svecova, Dagmar (Civil Engineering) (supervisor), Mufti, Aftab (Civil Engineering) Thomson, Douglas (Electrical and Computer Engineering) Heffernan, Pat (Civil Engineering, Royal Military College of Canada) (examiningcommittee).

Subjects/Keywords: timber; post-tensioned; beams; CFRP

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APA (6^th Edition):

Al-hayek, H. (2014). Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams. (Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23968

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Al-hayek, Hanan. “Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams.” 2014. Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23968.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Al-hayek, Hanan. “Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams.” 2014. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Al-hayek H. Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23968.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Al-hayek H. Flexural behaviour of post-tensioned timber beams. [Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23968

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Manitoba

26. Murison, Evangeline Rivera. Anchored Log Decks.

Degree: Civil Engineering, 2014, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23430

► To improve the performance of the conventional nail laminated bridge deck, three generations of innovative decks have been developed during the last three decades: (a)… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Bridge; Timber; Log; Anchor; Grout

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APA (6^th Edition):

Murison, E. R. (2014). Anchored Log Decks. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23430

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Murison, Evangeline Rivera. “Anchored Log Decks.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23430.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Murison, Evangeline Rivera. “Anchored Log Decks.” 2014. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Murison ER. Anchored Log Decks. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23430.

Council of Science Editors:

Murison ER. Anchored Log Decks. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/23430

Rutgers University

27. Hwang, Larry C., 1977-. An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia.

Degree: PhD, Plant Biology, 2017, Rutgers University

URL: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/55506/

►

Forests have historically contributed immensely to influence patterns of social, economic, and environmental development, supporting livelihoods, aiding construction of economic change, and encouraging sustainable growth.… (more)

▼

Forests have historically contributed immensely to influence patterns of social, economic, and environmental development, supporting livelihoods, aiding construction of economic change, and encouraging sustainable growth. The use of NTFP for the livelihood and subsistence of forest community dwellers have long existed in Liberia; with use, collection, and local/regional trade in NTFP still an ongoing activities of rural communities. This study aimed to investigate the environmental and economic approaches that lead to the sustainable management exploitation and development of NTFP in Liberia. Using household information from different socio-economic societies, knowledge based NTFP socioeconomics population, as well as abundance and usefulness of the resources were obtained through the use of ethnobotanical survey on use of NTFP in 82 rural communities within seven counties in Liberia. 1,165 survey participants, with 114 plant species listed as valuable NTFP. The socioeconomic characteristics of 255 local community people provided collection practice information on NTFP, impact and threats due to collection, and their income generation. Traditional and environmental sustainable harvesting methods on the collection of two leading NTFPs – Griffonia simplicifolia and Xylopia aethiopica – were conducted and assessed. Results show an environmental sustainable harvesting method that minimizes damage/destruction to plant species and population yet allows for efficient product harvest and yield procurement. Domestic value chain study for three leading NTFP in Liberia: Griffonia (Griffonia simplicifolia), West African Black Pepper (Piper guineense) and Country Spice (Xylopia aethiopica), investigated 140 stakeholders who were mainly agents and subagents through survey interviews to provide comprehensive knowledge on selected NTFP from collection to consumer. Resource inventory of Griffonia simplicifolia in Liberia concentrated on the distribution, abundance and the population structure of Griffonia, thereby providing full ecological inventory information on Griffonia as fundamental for assessing conservation status of wild populations. Enhancing germination of Griffonia simplicifolia seed for forest enrichment was assessed using simple tools for seed germination. Seedlings were also introduced in natural habitat to monitor growth habits of transferred plant into local habitat and found that Griffonia has high survival (92% - 95%) in new habitat. Developing quality standards and new products, physico-chemical characterizations of the Liberian spices were analyzed along with those from Ghana. These qualities could set standards for trading of individual product that are used as spices in Liberia and other West African countries. X. aethiopica seeds were chemically characterized for new product development.

Advisors/Committee Members: Simon, James E. (chair), Juliani, Hector Rodolfo (co-chair), Robson, Mark Gregory (internal member), Govindasamy, Ramu (outside member), School of Graduate Studies.

Subjects/Keywords: Non-timber forest products – Liberia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hwang, Larry C., 1. (2017). An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/55506/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hwang, Larry C., 1977-. “An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed October 15, 2019. https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/55506/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hwang, Larry C., 1977-. “An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia.” 2017. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Hwang, Larry C. 1. An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/55506/.

Council of Science Editors:

Hwang, Larry C. 1. An environmental and economic approach to the development and sustainable exploitation of non-timber forest products (NTFP) in Liberia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2017. Available from: https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/55506/

University of Bath

28. Thomson, Andrew. The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections.

Degree: PhD, 2010, University of Bath

URL: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-structural-performance-of-nonmetallic-timber-connections(035aae1d-75a2-4d8f-8e4f-e715363a4989).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544513

► Reducing the amount of metal used within a timber structure has many advantages, particularly when dealing with connections. Fire resistance and durability are commonly cited… (more)

▼ Reducing the amount of metal used within a timber structure has many advantages, particularly when dealing with connections. Fire resistance and durability are commonly cited benefits. In addition the use of alternative connector materials minimises thermal bridging and can also provide a lighter weight structural solution. Existing contemporary forms of non-metallic timber connections are commonly provided through the use of adhesives. However, these connections are reliant on a need for careful offsite, prefabricated construction. Traditional green oak carpentry connections provide a mechanically fastened non-metallic solution. However, carpentry connections are not widely compatible with contemporary architectural design or with the use of modern engineered timber products such as glulam. Building upon research completed at the University of Bath, the aim of this thesis was to develop a mechanical, non-metallic connection system suitable for contemporary applications. Specific objectives were to investigate the structural performance of a defined connection system and to develop analysis methods to facilitate design. A review of the literature demonstrated a lack of uptake and use of mechanical non-metallic connections. Guidance for the design of mechanical fasteners reflects the lack of innovation and research into the use of non-metallic materials. Following an initial experimental investigation of non-metallic materials, an experimental testing programme was completed to investigate the use of glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) dowels in conjunction with densified veneer wood (DVW) plates. The findings of the experimental study demonstrate that the use of these materials can provide a robust connection system for contemporary applications. The results of the experimental work provide guidance on dowel spacing requirements, connection response to load and connection failure modes. The failure modes of the proposed connection system were shown to be unique to the materials used and specific strength analysis methods have been developed to predict connection yield and ultimate strength. A method for predicting initial connection stiffness was also developed through the use of a beam on elastic foundation model.

Subjects/Keywords: 674; timber; non-metallic; connections

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APA (6^th Edition):

Thomson, A. (2010). The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Bath. Retrieved from https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-structural-performance-of-nonmetallic-timber-connections(035aae1d-75a2-4d8f-8e4f-e715363a4989).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544513

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thomson, Andrew. “The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Bath. Accessed October 15, 2019. https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-structural-performance-of-nonmetallic-timber-connections(035aae1d-75a2-4d8f-8e4f-e715363a4989).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544513.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thomson, Andrew. “The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections.” 2010. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Thomson A. The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Bath; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-structural-performance-of-nonmetallic-timber-connections(035aae1d-75a2-4d8f-8e4f-e715363a4989).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544513.

Council of Science Editors:

Thomson A. The structural performance of non-metallic timber connections. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Bath; 2010. Available from: https://researchportal.bath.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-structural-performance-of-nonmetallic-timber-connections(035aae1d-75a2-4d8f-8e4f-e715363a4989).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.544513

Michigan State University

29. Fry, Richard Charles. A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan.

Degree: MS, 1941, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16254

Subjects/Keywords: Timber – Marketing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fry, R. C. (1941). A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan. (Masters Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16254

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fry, Richard Charles. “A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan.” 1941. Masters Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16254.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fry, Richard Charles. “A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan.” 1941. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Fry RC. A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan State University; 1941. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16254.

Council of Science Editors:

Fry RC. A study of the marketing of farm timber in Ingham county, Michigan. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan State University; 1941. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:16254

Michigan State University

30. Manthy, Robert S. Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region.

Degree: MS, 1962, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:7857

Subjects/Keywords: Marketing; Timber

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APA (6^th Edition):

Manthy, R. S. (1962). Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region. (Masters Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:7857

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manthy, Robert S. “Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region.” 1962. Masters Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed October 15, 2019. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:7857.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manthy, Robert S. “Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region.” 1962. Web. 15 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Manthy RS. Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Michigan State University; 1962. [cited 2019 Oct 15]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:7857.

Council of Science Editors:

Manthy RS. Marketing posts, poles and piling in the North Central region. [Masters Thesis]. Michigan State University; 1962. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:7857

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