subject:(Terrestrial AND Aquatic Ecology)

1. Purintun, Jordan M. Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation.

Degree: MS, Natural Resource Management, 2015, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1770

► A floristic survey was conducted on lands adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation in central South Dakota. Selected natural… (more)

▼ A floristic survey was conducted on lands adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation in central South Dakota. Selected natural areas, including grasslands, badlands, wetlands, and woodlands, were explored and inventoried multiple times during the growing seasons of 2011-2012. The annotated checklist of the vascular plants includes 442 species in 258 genera and 78 families, including 182 species previously unrecorded in Lyman County. The woodlands of the Medicine Creek floodplain and Ft. Hale ravines were surveyed between 2011-2013; trees and understory vegetation were sampled in 2013 using 12, 50-m belt transects, including 4 in the Medicine Creek floodplain and 8 from individual Ft. Hale drainages. The Medicine Creek floodplain (S = 88, Native S = 63, C̅ = 2.64, FQI = 21.95) supported woodland dominated by green ash; the herbaceous layer included flood tolerant mesophytes and ruderals interspersed in a matrix of Virginia wildrye. The Ft. Hale ravines (S = 101, Native S = 81, C̅ = 3.56, FQI = 31.71) supported nearly pure stands of bur oak and subcanopies of eastern red cedar saplings. The shaded understories were sparsely vegetated and were characterized by a combination of ecologically conservative mesophytes, ruderals, and vegetative specimens of species more common in adjacent open habitats. xi Understory cover data from the Ft. Hale ravines and Medicine Creek floodplain were compared with similar data collected in Missouri River floodplain forests in central North Dakota in the early 1970s. Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling produced a 2- dimensional solution clearly distinguishing Missouri River floodplain forests from the Reservation woodlands (stress = 19.380, cumulative R2 = 0.610). A comparison of species inventories taken from the Ft. Hale ravines, Medicine Creek floodplain, and North Dakota floodplain forests indicate the Reservation woodlands are both less diverse and less ecologically conservative than either the cottonwood (S = 158, Native S = 127, C̅ = 4.29, FQI = 48.29) or the later succession ash-elm-box elder forests (S = 157, Native S = 127, C̅ = 4.59, FQI = 51.07) of the North Dakota floodplain. Advisors/Committee Members: Gary E. Larson.

Subjects/Keywords: Botany; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Purintun, J. M. (2015). Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1770

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Purintun, Jordan M. “Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation.” 2015. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1770.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Purintun, Jordan M. “Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation.” 2015. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Purintun JM. Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1770.

Council of Science Editors:

Purintun JM. Floristic Inventory and Vegetation Analysis of Lands Adjacent to the Missouri River on the Lower Brule Sioux Reservation. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1770

Cal Poly

2. Charnaux, Amelie Jeanne. HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED.

Degree: MS, Earth and Soil Sciences, 2011, Cal Poly

URL: https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/565 ; 10.15368/theses.2011.122

► <a>Abstract</a> Hydrologic Alteration and Sedimentation in the Upper Henry’s Fork Watershed Amelie Jeanne Charnaux The Henry’s Fork of the Snake River is venerated by… (more)

▼ <a>Abstract</a> Hydrologic Alteration and Sedimentation in the Upper Henry’s Fork Watershed Amelie Jeanne Charnaux The Henry’s Fork of the Snake River is venerated by the global recreational community as one of the finest trout fishing streams on the planet. Furthermore, this remarkable waterway flows within the bounds of one of the most important ecological corridors in the equally world-renowned Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. While the recreational and biological features of this corner of Idaho may capture the interest of the broader public, the waterway is equally significant to the livelihoods of local interests, such as the ranching and farming communities. With the stakes running high for all interest groups, a case study of the Henry’s Fork watershed provides a valuable baseline narrative for understanding decision-making related to water resources not only in Idaho, but also in other Western states. Environmental impacts of the Henry’s Lake Dam and management of the stream below the structure were evaluated by literature review and GIS mapping, with research emphasis placed on the ecological integrity and fisheries of the Upper Henry’s Fork Subbasin. The literature review focused on natural processes in stream ecosystems and anthropogenic impacts, with the goal of providing information for the development of management policies that minimize the negative impacts of current flow management and land use. Literature sources overwhelmingly agree that the alteration of natural hydrologic regimes is the most serious and continuing threat to the sustainability of river ecosystems. In recent decades, downstream recreational fishing declined on the upper Henry’s Fork due to increased sedimentation, inciting investigation as to the source. Three major anthropogenic factors targeting one section of the river, the Henry’s Lake Outlet, set the stage for excess sedimentation. First, the Henry’s Lake Dam was constructed in 1923, impacting the Outlet’s hydrology through changes in the timing, magnitude, and frequency of low and high flows. Second, an artificial stream channel was constructed in the 1920s to bypass the meandering Outlet in order to increase conveyance capacity of irrigation water from Henry’s Lake to downstream water users. Third, long-term livestock grazing along this section of river dramatically reduced riparian and upland vegetation, triggering the loss of stream-bank stability and increasing erosion and sedimentation. These management practices have resulted in significant loss of biodiversity in the stream ecosystem and an increased rate of erosion in the Outlet. The Henry’s Lake Outlet restoration project, led by the Henry’s Fork Foundation, provides the opportunity to predict potential effects of large-scale restoration in the Henry’s Fork watershed. The project seeks to reduce sediment delivery downstream from the Outlet by rerouting flow from the straightened channel into the historic channel. The project tests the… Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas J. Rice, Ph.D..

Subjects/Keywords: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Charnaux, A. J. (2011). HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED. (Masters Thesis). Cal Poly. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/565 ; 10.15368/theses.2011.122

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Charnaux, Amelie Jeanne. “HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Cal Poly. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/565 ; 10.15368/theses.2011.122.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Charnaux, Amelie Jeanne. “HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED.” 2011. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Charnaux AJ. HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Cal Poly; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/565 ; 10.15368/theses.2011.122.

Council of Science Editors:

Charnaux AJ. HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION AND SEDIMENTATION IN THE UPPER HENRY’S FORK WATERSHED. [Masters Thesis]. Cal Poly; 2011. Available from: https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/565 ; 10.15368/theses.2011.122

Eastern Illinois University

3. Rayford, Sharon V. Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2014, Eastern Illinois University

URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1296

► Larval and juvenile life stages of fish are numerically the dominant component of fish populations. These early life stages experience high levels of mortality… (more)

▼ Larval and juvenile life stages of fish are numerically the dominant component of fish populations. These early life stages experience high levels of mortality due, in part, to anthropogenic disturbances, but little is known about which habitats they utilize in large-rivers, as they are often difficult to sample and identify. My study examined the larval and juvenile fish assemblages in different habitats within the lower 322 km of the Wabash River. Fish were sampled with a conical-cylindrical ichthyoplankton net (larvae) and a DC-electrified mini-Missouri trawl (juveniles) between May and October 2013. Larval fish were collected every two weeks from mid-May through late July and then monthly from August through October; juvenile fish were sampled monthly May - October. Both gears were used to sample fish from three bend habitats (inside bend, outside bend, and main channel). Additionally, larval fish were collected from tributary mouths. Eggs collected in the samples were used to model passive drift in the system and compared egg CPUE between habitats to larval densities. I found that density patterns between habitats varied between these eggs and larval fish, suggesting that larvae were not passively drifting in the system. My results indicate that larval fish within certain family groups are able to utilize habitats differently than if they were only passively drifting with the flow of water, and are instead selecting for channel margin habitats. I also found that juvenile fish assemblages within inside bend were more similar than assemblages within outside bend and main channel habitats; however, these patterns were less distinct for larval and juvenile fish during fall when the habitats became more homogenized, suggesting that some environmental characteristic, most likely flow, was influencing assemblage composition. The electrified trawl was effective at sampling small-bodied fish as almost 88% of the total catch was less than 120 mm and 33 species were sampled at total lengths less than 200 mm. Because this distribution is noticeably different than electrofishing and hoop netting surveys, I recommend combining trawling with these gears to supplement surveys in large rivers to better survey the early life history stages of fishes. Advisors/Committee Members: Eric K. Bollinger.

Subjects/Keywords: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rayford, S. V. (2014). Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1296

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rayford, Sharon V. “Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1296.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rayford, Sharon V. “Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River.” 2014. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Rayford SV. Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1296.

Council of Science Editors:

Rayford SV. Habitat Associations of Larval and Juvenile Fishes in a Large Unimpounded River. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1296

Eastern Illinois University

4. Rohr, Jessica Marie. Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2019, Eastern Illinois University

URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4475

► Aquatic systems are subjected to disturbances of various types, including natural and anthropogenic, or can deteriorate due to accumulating unfavorable conditions, including receding banks,… (more)

▼ Aquatic systems are subjected to disturbances of various types, including natural and anthropogenic, or can deteriorate due to accumulating unfavorable conditions, including receding banks, decreasing riparian vegetation, and disrupted flow patterns. An analysis was done on a variety of streams in central Illinois that experienced one or multiple anthropogenic disturbances without remediation to determine the natural recovery dynamics of each system. A separate analysis was performed on a multi-site restored stream with a complex restoration project with a variety of restoration methods. This data were collected over at periods of time spanning from 5-15 years, including time prior to disturbance/restoration and post-disturbance/restoration. Each study included a control site in which to compare disturbed or restored sites. Data collection included fish composition, fish density (catch per unit effort), and index of biotic quality (IBI). Analyses included NMS ordination and Euclidean distances. I found that the more disturbances a system experiences, the less it recovers to its original composition and potentially shifts to a new community. Large shifts were experienced in community metrics immediately after the disturbance. Additionally, after about 36 months or sooner post-disturbance, most streams returned to or close to pre-disturbance conditions in regards to species richness, fish density, and IBI. Additionally, there appeared to be a level of relative stasis after about 36 months post-disturbance. In systems with two or fewer disturbances, community metrics surprisingly improved past pre-disturbance conditions. In the restored sites, there appeared to be large amounts of variation between sites and treatment methods, making definitive conclusions difficult to attain. All restoration sites displayed large-scale changes in species abundance, both increases and decreases, and variable colonizations and extinctions as a result of restoration. Control sites for restoration assessment exhibited minimal shifts in composition during pre-restoration sampling. However, composition following restoration varied dramatically between all sampling events with large compositional shifts occurring through the last sampling event. The large amount of variation in data suggest that this restoration was only moderately effective, at least to date. In conclusion, disturbed sites should be monitored for at least three years to fully understand its recovery dynamics and to determine whether active restoration efforts are warranted. Sites that do not recover during this time frame will likely require direct intervention to achieve recovery. Collectively, such information will help fisheries managers to better predict whether a proposed restoration project will be successful based on previous data. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott J. Meiners, Robert E. Colombo, Eden L. Effert-Fanta.

Subjects/Keywords: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rohr, J. M. (2019). Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4475

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rohr, Jessica Marie. “Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4475.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rohr, Jessica Marie. “Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities.” 2019. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Rohr JM. Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2019. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4475.

Council of Science Editors:

Rohr JM. Assessment and Recovery of Stream Restoration Efforts on Fish Communities. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2019. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/4475

Eastern Illinois University

5. Hastings, Ryan Patrick. Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2014, Eastern Illinois University

URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1264

► Dams are a main source of anthropogenic disturbances on river systems and can affect rivers in a variety of ways. Dams have the ability… (more)

▼ Dams are a main source of anthropogenic disturbances on river systems and can affect rivers in a variety of ways. Dams have the ability to change rivers from lotic to lentic habitats, affect sediment transportation, connectivity, water quality, linkages with wetlands and the quality of in-stream and riparian habitats. The Danville Dam was constructed in 1914 on the Vermilion River in Danville, Illinois and is becoming a safety hazard for human recreation on the Vermilion River, resulting in three deaths in the last 10 years. The Illinois Department of Natural Resources in conjunction with the city of Danville has proposed to remove the Danville dam on the main channel fall 2015 and an additional low head dam, Ellsworth Dam, in its tributary the North Fork Vermilion in fall 2014. To assess the impacts of removing the Ellsworth and Danville dams on the aquatic biota and stream habitat quality. Beginning October 2012, we assessed the fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages in twelve, 100 meter long sections of river. Six of the 12 sites were located in the North Fork, referred to as Ellsworth Dam, and six sites in the Vermilion, referred to as Danville Dam sites. Each dam consisted of two sites below the dam and four sites above the dam. The above dam sites consisted of a site directly above the dam, the last 100 meters of the pool, the first 100 meters of the river and an upstream site (the farthest accessible upstream location). This sampling captures the community composition both above and below the dam (immediate impacts) and characteristics of sites above the dam's influence. The effects of the dams were greatest seen at base flow, in the fall seasons. Data shows fall community composition demonstrates strong influences of both dams on fish assemblages and revealed compositional differences between the two drainages. In sharp contrast, a cluster analysis showed no separation in community composition between rivers or sites in the spring. Therefore base flow was used to assess the fish and macroinvertebrate community structure. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling was used to assess the structure of fish and macroinvertebrate communities. Per-Manova analysis verified river, location, and their interaction to be significant on fish assemblages. Mantel tests showed there was an effect of habitat on fish community structure but no significant effect of physical distance on fish assemblages. Per-Manova reflected the complexity of compositional relationships with both river and the interaction of river and location to be significant on macroinvertebrate assemblages. Unlike the fish, macroinvertebrate assemblages were affected by distance but not by local environment. The Vermilion River system is one of the highest quality systems in Illinois. The removal of the dams will allow the main channel to reconnect and also provide access to upstream habitats in the North Fork tributary. Eliminating physical barriers will allow fish to move upstream allowing them to restore populations. Returning to a free… Advisors/Committee Members: Robert E. Colombo, Scott J. Meiners.

Subjects/Keywords: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hastings, R. P. (2014). Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1264

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hastings, Ryan Patrick. “Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1264.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hastings, Ryan Patrick. “Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL.” 2014. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Hastings RP. Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1264.

Council of Science Editors:

Hastings RP. Effects of Dams on Fish and Macroinvertebrate Communities in the Vermilion River, IL. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2014. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/1264

6. Nelson, Daniel T. Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota.

Degree: MS, Natural Resource Management, 2017, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1675

► The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) was developed to summarize the impact of watershed and water quality degradation to biotic communities and help to… (more)

▼ The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) was developed to summarize the impact of watershed and water quality degradation to biotic communities and help to provide a more complete picture of water quality changes that are not captured in traditional physical and chemical measurements. In 2014, nearly 15% of South Dakota lakes did not meet their designated beneficial uses based on water quality measures but the impacts to the fish communities are unknown. The goal of this study was to develop a fish-based IBI for eastern South Dakota lakes by addressing three specific objectives: 1) Determine whether an IBI could be developed for smaller lakes (surface area = 100 – 1,000 ha) using extant annual standardized fish community sampling data; 2) Evaluate whether the inclusion of small-bodied fishes improves the smaller lake IBI; and 3) Evaluate whether lentic IBIs should be developed for smaller and larger (>1,000 ha) lakes separately. Extant fish community data was collected from annual surveys conducted by the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks between 2011 and 2015 and were either used alone or in combination with shoreline seine samples from 17 lakes. For the first two objectives, potential metrics were screened to select metrics that best described fish community responses to watershed degradation. The third objective was addressed by applying the IBI based on the results of the first two objectives to larger lakes. The IBI developed for smaller lakes based on extant data alone resulted in four final metrics, (e.g., proportion of Centrarchidae, percent insectivores, percent intolerant species, and proportion of Ictaluridae) and was not improved with the inclusion of smaller-bodied fish collection data. Further, there was no difference between the performance of IBIs developed for smaller and larger lakes. These results show that lentic IBIs may be developed based on extant data with no additional sampling required. Thus, a history of IBI trends may be calculated for eastern South Dakota lakes to evaluate fish community changes in response to watershed land-use over time. Such long-term data may be used to identify and prioritize interventions that may improve water quality and fish communities. Advisors/Committee Members: Melissa R. Wuellner.

Subjects/Keywords: Aquaculture and Fisheries; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nelson, D. T. (2017). Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1675

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nelson, Daniel T. “Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota.” 2017. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1675.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nelson, Daniel T. “Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota.” 2017. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Nelson DT. Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1675.

Council of Science Editors:

Nelson DT. Development and Application of a Fish-Based Index of Biotic Integrity for Lakes in Eastern South Dakota. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1675

7. O'Brien, Anne Therese. Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene.

Degree: PhD, 2017, Australian Catholic University

URL: https://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses/728

► While soil is central to human life and the flourishing of countless nonhumans, its importance is rarely acknowledged. Soil is often represented as lifeless,… (more)

▼ While soil is central to human life and the flourishing of countless nonhumans, its importance is rarely acknowledged. Soil is often represented as lifeless, invisible or a substrate: part of the background to more important things. Its value is only publicly expressed when its functions break down, and even then, this rarely prompts an adequate response. Now as life on earth faces the climate crisis and the other anthropogenic planetary and localised perturbations, there is growing recognition that healthy soil ecosystems may help wider ecosystems cope. How can modern humans better care for and regenerate soil? What relationships can be disclosed, cultivated and strengthened in order to do this? The Anthropocene, as far as the soil is concerned, is a product of particular land use practices, ideologies, and protagonists, with some damaging soil far more than others. Some indigenous societies have cared for soils for millennia, while a growing number of regenerative practitioners are likewise developing responsive, skilful and caring working relationships with soil organisms. In this thesis, I examine contemporary practices of regenerative land stewardship that help build soil ecological integrity, using an interdisciplinary approach of interview and site based fieldwork, combined with theoretical reflection. Articulating principles of care for soil, I hope to contribute to the work of enabling transformative social change at the level of norms. The fieldwork examples ground the analysis in everyday realities of land stewards, who bear witness to both environmental devastation and ecologically robust relationships. After considering the meaning, science and practice of regenerative land stewardship, I use critical theory to consider how mechanistic science, instrumental reason, and technicity have contributed to the exploitation of soil. I consider the ways in which dominant management techniques and technologies have been naturalised, presupposing the ideal of control. I contrast this with more provisional, responsive approaches of pursuing plural ends such as Wendell Berry’s concept of kindly use. Using field work case studies, I examine how practitioners learn to care for soil, involving new ways of seeing, recognition, and receptivity, monitoring signs of soil health such as soil aggregate texture, and attempting to do justice to new matters of concern as they arise. Such work builds ecological relationship in the course of everyday work, rendering soil ecosystems not only means, but also ends in themselves, and also making for a less alienated form of work.

Subjects/Keywords: Soil Science; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

O'Brien, A. T. (2017). Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene. (Doctoral Dissertation). Australian Catholic University. Retrieved from https://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses/728

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

O'Brien, Anne Therese. “Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Australian Catholic University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses/728.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

O'Brien, Anne Therese. “Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene.” 2017. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

O'Brien AT. Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Australian Catholic University; 2017. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses/728.

Council of Science Editors:

O'Brien AT. Ethical Relationships to Soil in the Anthropocene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Australian Catholic University; 2017. Available from: https://researchbank.acu.edu.au/theses/728

8. Price, Henry. The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2018, Eastern Washington University

URL: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/518

► Nitrogen and phosphorus are the most common limiting nutrients for biological activity in freshwater ecosystems. Applying inorganic nitrogen fertilizer has increased crop productivity but… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Monitoring; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Price, H. (2018). The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge. (Thesis). Eastern Washington University. Retrieved from https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/518

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Price, Henry. “The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge.” 2018. Thesis, Eastern Washington University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/518.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Price, Henry. “The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge.” 2018. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Price H. The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge. [Internet] [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2018. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/518.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Price H. The source of excess nutrients to Pine Draw, Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge. [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2018. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/518

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Lamm, Jaren F. Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2019, Eastern Washington University

URL: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/567

► Invasive winter annual grasses, IWAGs, have degraded extensive ecosystems around the world and continue to invade new ones yearly. IWAGs readily form large monocultures… (more)

▼ Invasive winter annual grasses, IWAGs, have degraded extensive ecosystems around the world and continue to invade new ones yearly. IWAGs readily form large monocultures or near monocultures, thus management and restoration goals largely focus on maintaining or increasing plant diversity in impacted ecosystems. Unfortunately, common management methods also reduce native plant diversity and harm the soil microbiome. These effects require additional measures to be taken, like reseeding, and plant diversity is still usually well below remnant targets. Early season short-term nutrient reduction to manage IWAGs is largely unexplored and would potentially decrease IWAG abundance, active earlier than most plants, but impact later season species less. Low rates of labile carbon, as sucrose, were applied to soils in a Pacific Northwest semi-arid grassland in early spring to stimulate microbial growth and temporarily reduce nutrient availability to the IWAG Ventenata dubia. Inorganic nitrogen was tracked throughout the experiment and plant and soil microbial community changes were determined at the end of the growing season. Labile carbon application reduced nitrogen at the beginning of the year, but effects did not persist to mid may when most plants were still active and soil moisture was not limiting. Treatments reduced V.dubia cover, per area seed production, and seed mass with no corresponding impact on perennial or other annual plants, except at the highest application rate when annual cover was reduced by 2%. The soil microbial community, determined via PLFA and NLFA analysis, was largely unchanged at the end of the season with slightly higher bacterial biomass and, importantly, no reduction in AMF abundance. These results suggest that this method has few negative impacts on the plant and soil community aside from a reduction in V.dubia cover and possibly its seed bank. This short-term nutrient reduction method has the potential to not only target IWAGs, active early, but also any non-native plants targeted for management that are active earlier or later than the native plant community.

Subjects/Keywords: Soil Science; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lamm, J. F. (2019). Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses. (Thesis). Eastern Washington University. Retrieved from https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/567

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lamm, Jaren F. “Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses.” 2019. Thesis, Eastern Washington University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/567.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lamm, Jaren F. “Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses.” 2019. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Lamm JF. Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses. [Internet] [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2019. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/567.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lamm JF. Targeted short-term nutrient reduction to manage Ventenata dubia an invasive winter annual grass: soil and plant responses. [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2019. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/567

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Edith Cowan University

10. Choney, Gary. The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary.

Degree: 2012, Edith Cowan University

URL: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/446

► Grazing is an important ecosystem process, influencing community structure and rates of ecosystem processes. Although grazing on seagrasses is generally considered to be minor in… (more)

▼ Grazing is an important ecosystem process, influencing community structure and rates of ecosystem processes. Although grazing on seagrasses is generally considered to be minor in many temperate regions of the world, waterfowl are often considered significant grazers in temperate lagoons and estuaries. This study examined spatial and temporal variation in swan abundance, grazing pressure and the impact grazing has on seagrass. Little is known on how grazing rates vary on larger water bodies in the southern hemisphere at different times of year and whether temporal changes in grazing rates affect the ability of seagrasses to tolerate grazing. The plant response to grazing may not be consistent seasonally, in light of recent terrestrial studies suggesting changes in environmental factors over a year such as light, temperature and nutrient supply can influence the ability of plants to cope with grazing. Furthermore, studies have suggested changes in sexual reproduction can be considered a trait to cope with grazing. However, very few studies have investigated this relationship, particularly in seagrasses. With these three main knowledge gaps in mind, this study examined grazing interactions between the black swan (Cygnus atratus) and the seagrass Halophila ovalis in a temperate, estuarine seagrass ecosystem, the Lower Swan River estuary, Western Australia. Firstly, spatial and temporal variation in black swan abundance was documented across 45 sites in four seasons (spring, summer, autumn and winter) and at two times of day. Further investigations sought to determine whether there were changes in grazing pressure over a year. This was conducted at three high “swan use” sites in each season. Finally, the strategies seagrasses use to cope with grazing, and how these vary temporally were assessed using an observational approach across a natural grazing gradient and experimental manipulations (simulated grazing). There was significant variation in black swan density among seasons, with the highest number of swans present during autumn (185 swans), intermediate numbers in summer (104 swans) and winter (80 swans) and the lowest in spring (53 swans). Swans may move to ephemeral wetlands during times of low swan abundance on the estuary. An analysis of the temporal variation in swan abundance on the surrounding wetlands on the Swan Coastal Plain does not show a consistent pattern of seasonal variation on the wetlands. Movement of black swans to ephemeral wetlands is likely to be due to a variety of factors including water height, food availability and the breeding needs of the black swan.

Subjects/Keywords: Western Australia; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Choney, G. (2012). The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary. (Thesis). Edith Cowan University. Retrieved from https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/446

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Choney, Gary. “The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary.” 2012. Thesis, Edith Cowan University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/446.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Choney, Gary. “The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary.” 2012. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Choney G. The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary. [Internet] [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2012. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/446.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Choney G. The impact of Black swan (Cygnus atratus) grazing on the seagrass Halophila ovalis in the Lower Swan River estuary. [Thesis]. Edith Cowan University; 2012. Available from: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/446

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Colorado

11. Shoaei, Farrokh. The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments.

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Colorado

URL: https://scholar.colorado.edu/cven_gradetds/150

► One of the most common methods of reproduction in the sea is broadcast spawning where marine invertebrates release eggs and sperm into the ambient flow… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Civil Engineering; Oceanography; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shoaei, F. (2015). The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Colorado. Retrieved from https://scholar.colorado.edu/cven_gradetds/150

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shoaei, Farrokh. “The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Colorado. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholar.colorado.edu/cven_gradetds/150.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shoaei, Farrokh. “The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments.” 2015. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Shoaei F. The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2015. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/cven_gradetds/150.

Council of Science Editors:

Shoaei F. The Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Unsteady Obstacle Wakes on Stirring and Mixing of Gamete Filaments. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Colorado; 2015. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/cven_gradetds/150

University of Southern Mississippi

12. Fleming, Christopher. Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico.

Degree: MS, Coastal Sciences, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, 2018, University of Southern Mississippi

URL: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/361

► The North-central Gulf of Mexico is a complex hydrologic environment with freshwater influx that varies on spatial and temporal scales. Freshwater input exerts influence… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Marine Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fleming, C. (2018). Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. (Masters Thesis). University of Southern Mississippi. Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/361

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fleming, Christopher. “Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Southern Mississippi. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/361.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fleming, Christopher. “Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico.” 2018. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Fleming C. Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Southern Mississippi; 2018. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/361.

Council of Science Editors:

Fleming C. Spatial Variation in Basal Resources and Trophic Position of Selected Fishes of the North-Central Gulf of Mexico. [Masters Thesis]. University of Southern Mississippi; 2018. Available from: https://aquila.usm.edu/masters_theses/361

College of William and Mary

13. Armstrong, Christen Taylor. Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate.

Degree: MS, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, 2017, College of William and Mary

URL: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449867

► Despite an increased global interest in harmful algal bloom (HAB) species and eutrophication, the relationship between nutrient sources and changes in species composition or… (more)

▼ Despite an increased global interest in harmful algal bloom (HAB) species and eutrophication, the relationship between nutrient sources and changes in species composition or toxicity remains unclear. Stable isotopes are routinely used to identify and track nitrogen (N) sources to water bodies, as sources can be differentiated based on stable isotope values. While literature is available describing N fractionation by diatoms and coccolithophores, data are greatly lacking regarding isotope fractionation by dinoflagellates. Here we investigate the fractionation of nitrogen isotopes by saxitoxin-producing Alexandrium fundyense, to validate the use of the δ15N of particulate organic matter and identify the nitrogen source fueling a dinoflagellate bloom and its toxicity. The effects of N chemical form on isotope fractionation, toxin content, and toxicity, were investigated using isolates in single-N and mixed-N experiments. Growth on NO3-, NH4+, or urea, resulted in isotope fractionation of 2.761.48‰, 29.019.32‰, or 0.340.19‰, respectively, with the lowest cellular toxicity and toxin quotas reported during urea utilization. Toxin composition and growth rates, however, remained constant across all N treatments, showing no effects of NO3-, NH4+, or urea utilization. Alexandrium fundyense was then preconditioned to either NO3-, NH4+, or urea, and abruptly inoculated into mixed-N medium containing all three chemical forms. All treatments initially utilized NH4+ and urea upon inoculation into mixed medium, suggesting no effect of preconditioning. Cells only began utilizing NO3- after NH4+ decreased below 2-4 M in the medium. During the inhibition of NO3- uptake by NH4+ utilization, the cellular δ15N was at its lowest (-5‰), and through the course of the experiment, the δ15N continuously changed to mimic the isotope value of the most recent N source(s) being utilized. When utilizing multiple sources, the isotope signature of the cells fell between the signal of the two N sources. Together this suggests that in NO3- and urea rich environments, the 15NPOM would reliably look like the source or sources of nitrogen utilized, but that caution should be taken in NH4+ rich environments where the large value could lead to misinterpretation of the signal. Nutrients are only one factor influencing bloom dynamics, but information about the relative importance of natural or anthropogenic nutrients in the development and toxicity of bloom events is necessary to predict future shifts in phytoplankton species composition, density, and toxicity.

Subjects/Keywords: Marine Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Armstrong, C. T. (2017). Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate. (Masters Thesis). College of William and Mary. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449867

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armstrong, Christen Taylor. “Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate.” 2017. Masters Thesis, College of William and Mary. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449867.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armstrong, Christen Taylor. “Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate.” 2017. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Armstrong CT. Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2017. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449867.

Council of Science Editors:

Armstrong CT. Nitrogen Isotope Fractionation and Toxin Production during The Uptake of Micromolar Concentrations of Nitrate, Ammonium, and Urea By A Marine Dinoflagellate. [Masters Thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2017. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449867

University of Nevada – Las Vegas

14. Mellor, Alicia. Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together.

Degree: MS, Life Sciences, 2018, University of Nevada – Las Vegas

URL: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3291

► Butterflies are a diverse and essential group of pollinators whose abundance is predominantly determined by growth and survival of their larvae. In the family… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Sciences; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mellor, A. (2018). Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together. (Masters Thesis). University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Retrieved from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3291

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mellor, Alicia. “Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3291.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mellor, Alicia. “Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together.” 2018. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Mellor A. Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2018. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3291.

Council of Science Editors:

Mellor A. Larval-Ant Interactions in the Mojave Desert: Communication Brings Us Together. [Masters Thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2018. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/3291

University of Nevada – Las Vegas

15. Link, Carolyn Louise. Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation.

Degree: MSin Water Resources Management, Water Resource Management, 2010, University of Nevada – Las Vegas

URL: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/842

► In January of 2007, Quagga Mussels (Dreissena bugensis) were identified in Lake Mead, Nevada. An aquatic invasive species, these mussels can significantly alter ecosystems.… (more)

▼ In January of 2007, Quagga Mussels (Dreissena bugensis) were identified in Lake Mead, Nevada. An aquatic invasive species, these mussels can significantly alter ecosystems. This study sought to quantify three ecological traits of the species through a series of laboratory experiments and analyses, providing information both for comparison with Dreissena in other locations, as well as for limnologic management decisions. Filtration rate of quagga mussels was quantified using algal strains and natural seston. Two strains of green algae, Nannochloris and Scenedesmus were used to determine mussel filtration rates with a spectrophotometer. Quagga filtration rates of collected Lake Mead seston were determined with a turbidity meter. All clearance rate studies included both a large and small mussel size class, with maximum filtration rates for small mussels from 1167 mL/ g dry mussel/hr for algae, and 496 mL/g dry mussel/hr for large mussels filtering algae. Ecologically related to the clearance rate, the growth rate of quagga mussels was also quantified during a 32 day trial in Lake Mead (Lake) water and also in lake water supplemented with the above mentioned algae strains, illustrating potentially higher growth rates than currently occur in Lake Mead could be possible depending on lake algae levels. Mussel growth was 0.35 day-1 in natural seston, and 1.42 day-1 in supplemented lake water. Implications of mussel growth and filtration led to the study of quagga mussels’ potential for concentration of trace elements of concern in the tissue, and feces and pseudofeces of mussels. The contaminant levels in these biological samples were compared to sediment samples from both Boulder Beach at Lake Mead and from the Las Vegas Wash, a potential source of contaminants that flows into Lake Mead. All samples were processed via EPA Method 3050B and elemental analysis was completed with ICP-OES. While a large spectrum of elements were investigated, elements of concern in which statistically higher levels were observed in mussel tissue or pseudofeces and feces over sediment from the adjacent location included arsenic, molybdenum, lead, and selenium. Based on the results, it can be concluded that quagga mussels filter more when smaller in size and still growing, and they filter more when exposed to lower quality foods, and could potentially grow and expand their population impact if lake parameters change. Contaminant data illustrated that for selenium and arsenic bioaccumulation is appearing in mussel tissue, while for lead and molybdenum bioaccumulation is occurring in mussel excretions, potentially leading to changes in benthic composition. Future research studying assimilation, particle filtration, and the impact of seasonal and climate changes on filtration and concentration rates would be valuable for determining the mass balance impact of this species on aquatic environments in the Southwest. Advisors/Committee Members: Charalambos Papelis, Chair, Kumud Acharya, Shawn Gerstenberger.

Subjects/Keywords: Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology; Water Resource Management

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APA (6^th Edition):

Link, C. L. (2010). Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation. (Masters Thesis). University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Retrieved from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/842

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Link, Carolyn Louise. “Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation.” 2010. Masters Thesis, University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/842.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Link, Carolyn Louise. “Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation.” 2010. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Link CL. Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2010. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/842.

Council of Science Editors:

Link CL. Filtration and growth rate of Lake Mead quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) in laboratory studies and analyses of bioaccumulation. [Masters Thesis]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2010. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/842

16. Peterson, Erin D. Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams.

Degree: MS, Natural Resource Management, 2017, South Dakota State University

URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677

► Benthic invertebrates are an important resource for aquatic consumers and should be considered in management of sportfish populations as a factor influencing fishery health.… (more)

▼ Benthic invertebrates are an important resource for aquatic consumers and should be considered in management of sportfish populations as a factor influencing fishery health. Our study seeks to draw a relationship between invertebrate prey availability and the Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus fishery of western South Dakota through diet analysis, but invertebrate surveys in the area have not focused on invertebrates as a prey source. Our objectives were to characterize patterns in availability of the invertebrate prey base in five major river basins, and to evaluate the effects of availability on Channel Catfish prey selectivity and condition. Invertebrates were collected at 47 stream sites between the summers of 2015 and 2016, but Channel Catfish were collected only at the 23 mainstem sites. Seventy-four families and 181 genera of invertebrates were encountered. Insecta was the richest taxonomic group, with 162 genera. Diptera, which was composed of 11 families and 83 genera, was the most diverse order. The most numerically abundant genus collected was Cheumatopsyche spp. (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae), comprising 23.6% of all individuals. Clinging genera contributed 42.1% of the biovolume by habit guild, and biovolume of collector-filterers was the highest of all functional feeding groups (39.2%). Overall, prey biovolume was not uniform. The Grand and Cheyenne had a decreasing longitudinal trend in biovolume, while the Bad showed an increasing trend. There were no consistent patterns in biovolume for the Moreau or White, but sites in all basins with high biovolume typically also had a high abundance of clingers, which require stable surfaces for attachment. Across all sites, Hydropsychidae, Simuliidae, and Chironomidae had the highest biovolumes (35.8 mL, 8.3 mL, and 8.1 mL, respectively), and were also among the most important prey families in each basin (Prey-Specific Index of Relative Importance, %PSIRI). These families also tended to be preyed upon in greater proportion than their availability in the environment (Chesson’s selectivity index, α). Patterns in condition within and among basins mirrored patterns in prey biovolume in the Grand, Cheyenne, and Bad Rivers, indicating that availability may be driving condition. These results are important because two of the preferred prey families, Hydropsychidae and Simuliidae, are clingers, and the non-uniformity in biovolume of this habit guild among sites suggests that stable habitats are limiting abundance. The links drawn between Channel Catfish and their prey can be used by biologists to focus management activities on projects that will enhance the invertebrate prey base that Channel Catfish use, such as the restoration of riparian areas to increase instream structure, or the placement of artificial stable substrates. Advisors/Committee Members: Nels H. Troelstrup, Jr..

Subjects/Keywords: Aquaculture and Fisheries; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Peterson, E. D. (2017). Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Peterson, Erin D. “Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams.” 2017. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Peterson, Erin D. “Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams.” 2017. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Peterson ED. Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677.

Council of Science Editors:

Peterson ED. Invertebrate Prey Selectivity of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) in Western South Dakota Prairie Streams. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1677

College of William and Mary

17. Blachman, Sara Aimee. Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary.

Degree: MS, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, 2016, College of William and Mary

URL: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449661

► Phytoplankton account for at least half of all primary production in estuarine waters and are at the center of biogeochemical cycles and material budgets.… (more)

▼ Phytoplankton account for at least half of all primary production in estuarine waters and are at the center of biogeochemical cycles and material budgets. Environmental managers use water column chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentrations as a basic water quality indictor, as the problems of eutrophication and hypoxia are intrinsically linked to excessive phytoplankton growth. Evidence suggests that the distribution and frequency of harmful algal blooms may be increasing worldwide. For the most part, phytoplankton communities follow a standard seasonal pattern, with specific groups dominating the assemblage during the time of year when environmental conditions correspond to their requisites for growth. However, climate change will result in incremental but consistent shifts in some environmental factors known to affect phytoplankton production and biomass accumulation. Mean surface temperatures in North American mid-Atlantic coastal and estuarine regions are steadily rising, and the frequency and severity of drought and storm events are projected to fluctuate, potentially increasing the severity of extreme weather events. Anthropogenically-induced nutrient loading, especially from non-point sources, is one of the largest consistent contributors to coastal marine eutrophication. The consequences of changes in these environmental factors to estuarine ecosystems and phytoplankton community dynamics are unclear. Because different phytoplankton groups respond to environmental changes in distinctive ways, some classes thrive during periods of environmental stability and others at times of temporary or sustained disturbance. to predict how phytoplankton and therefore water quality might respond to changes in climate and land use, we built mathematical phytoplankton kinetics sub-models that differentiate phytoplankton groups using taxonomic classes with well-defined functional characteristics. Then we integrated them into a reduced-complexity estuarine ecosystem model. The sub-models were designed to simulate daily biomass of diatoms, dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria, and raphidophytes in the New River Estuary, NC. We calibrated and validated the model using data collected from 2007 – 2012 through the Aquatic Estuarine monitoring module of the Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program. The model was a relatively good predictor of total chl-a and primary production, and a fair predictor of group dynamics. The model was employed in heuristic simulations of changes in temperature, nutrient loading, and freshwater delivery to predict their effects on overall phytoplankton biomass, productivity, and community composition. Increases in temperature had a modest effect on mean daily simulated phytoplankton production and chl-a, but considerably decreased the relative abundance of diatoms and simultaneously increased the relative abundance of cyanobacteria. The seasonal phenology of phytoplankton abundance also shifted in response to increased temperatures: chl-a concentrations were larger in the winter and spring and smaller in the…

Subjects/Keywords: Marine Biology; Oceanography; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blachman, S. A. (2016). Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary. (Masters Thesis). College of William and Mary. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449661

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blachman, Sara Aimee. “Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary.” 2016. Masters Thesis, College of William and Mary. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449661.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blachman, Sara Aimee. “Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Blachman SA. Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449661.

Council of Science Editors:

Blachman SA. Modeling Phytoplankton Community Response to Nutrient Loading and Climate Change in A Shallow Temperate Estuary. [Masters Thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499449661

University of Maine

18. Stevens, Justin R. Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine.

Degree: MS, Marine Biology, 2019, University of Maine

URL: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3043

► Diadromous fish require both freshwater and marine habitat to complete their life cycle. Dams restrict the movement between these habitats and as a result,… (more)

▼ Diadromous fish require both freshwater and marine habitat to complete their life cycle. Dams restrict the movement between these habitats and as a result, many populations are historically low across their range. The Penobscot River is the second largest river in Maine and once had large populations of diadromous fish and it has been the focus of mainstem dam removals, dam passage improvements, and stocking with the goal of restoring those populations. Since 2012, NOAA Fisheries has conducted surveys of the Penobscot Estuary using mobile, multi-frequency echosounders (SIMRAD EK60 split-beam 38 and 120 kHz) combined with mid-water trawl surveys to construct a time series of fish distribution to assess this large-scale restoration. Target strength (TS; dB re m2), the log10 of the backscattering cross section (σbs; m2), is an important variable in fisheries acoustics because it is used to compute biological metrics such as biomass and fish density. TS is difficult to characterize due to its stochastic properties from variability in fish physiology, orientation, behavior, depth, and size. When an assemblage consists of multiple species or multiple size classes, assigning TS to the component species or size classes is difficult due to the inability to distinguish individual components in the composite distributions. We addressed these challenges by a unique combination of techniques to characterize TS in the Penobscot River Estuary, Maine. From trawl data, we determined the estuarine species assemblage was dominated by Clupeids and Osmerids. We used single target detection and echo tracking algorithms to isolate TS values from individual fish. Next, we applied an expectation–maximization algorithm to identify components of the mixed normal TS distribution based on fish total length (TL; cm) data from trawl surveys. Finally, we used ordinary least squares regression to estimate the parameters of TS = α log10 (TL) + β. Our final parameters, α = 31.0 (SE 0.84) and β = -79.5 (SE 0.90), were similar to published studies from these species. However, our slope and intercept were higher than studies from freshwater and lower than from marine systems. These results suggest that acoustic surveys in estuarine systems with mixed species assemblages and large salinity ranges may need to develop site specific relationships between TS and fish length. The combination of these methods is an example of a novel technique to derive reproducible TS estimates in mixed pelagic fish assemblages. We used system-specific parameters to compute biomass from acoustic survey data. We assessed seasonal estimates of biomass from 2012 to 2017 a period spanning pre-restoration (2012-2014) and post-restoration (2015-2017). Biomass varied with season and year and was generally greater in summer and in post-restoration years. Biomass in pre-restoration years ranged from 9,000 to 114,000 kg per survey and 11 of 45 (23%) surveys had biomass greater than 50,000 kg. Compared to post-restoration years ranged from 23,000 to 316,000 kg per survey and 34 of 43… Advisors/Committee Members: Damian Brady, Gayle Zydlewski, J. Michael Jech.

Subjects/Keywords: Population Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stevens, J. R. (2019). Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine. (Masters Thesis). University of Maine. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3043

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stevens, Justin R. “Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Maine. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3043.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stevens, Justin R. “Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine.” 2019. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Stevens JR. Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Maine; 2019. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3043.

Council of Science Editors:

Stevens JR. Response of Estuarine Fish Biomass to Restoration in the Penobscot River, Maine. [Masters Thesis]. University of Maine; 2019. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/etd/3043

Eastern Illinois University

19. Duffin, Kirstin I. The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2015, Eastern Illinois University

URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2375

► In functional ecology, traits that capture aspects of plant performance are used to understand how organisms interact with their environment. Leaf nutrients are an… (more)

▼ In functional ecology, traits that capture aspects of plant performance are used to understand how organisms interact with their environment. Leaf nutrients are an example of a functional trait that directly links to plant metabolic processes and therefore may describe plant assemblage dynamics. Multivariate leaf nutrient analyses may be used with other functional traits to understand ecological strategies because they are a direct measure of leaf metabolic processes and can describe nuances in plant allocation patterns. In this thesis, I explored (1) whether a suite of leaf nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium) was related to plant growth form (forb, graminoid, or woody plant), species origin (native or exotic), or invasiveness (invasive or non-invasive), (2) how these nutrients were associated across species and whether these relationships were different among species' groups, and (3) how leaf nutrients related to Westoby's leaf-height-seed (LHS) scheme and to a successional gradient. Healthy, mature leaves were taken from 122 species across a wide range of growth forms in a mesic continental community of successional fields and young and old-growth oak-hickory forests in New Jersey, USA. Multivariate analyses of leaf nutrients by growth form, origin, and invasiveness were conducted, as well as correlations of leaf nutrients by growth form and with specific leaf area (SLA), maximum height, seed mass, and peak successional year. The primary factor in variation of leaf nutrient patterns was growth form. Forbs had the strongest nutrient associations and had greater levels of leaf macronutrients compared with woody and graminoid species, which had higher amounts of foliar carbon. After distinguishing leaf nutrient allocation strategy by growth form, there were minimal relationships between leaf nutrients and plant origin and invasiveness. SLA and seed mass, but not height or peak successional year, were correlated with leaf nutrients of some growth forms. In community level studies, comparisons should be made by plant growth form or analyses will yield spurious results. While the focus of the literature thus far has been on carbon and nitrogen, understanding the relationships with other leaf nutrients will help describe the nuances of tradeoffs in plant growth strategies. This understanding will inform restoration ecology of successional communities. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott J. Meiners.

Subjects/Keywords: Botany; Plant Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Duffin, K. I. (2015). The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2375

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Duffin, Kirstin I. “The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2375.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Duffin, Kirstin I. “The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community.” 2015. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Duffin KI. The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2015. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2375.

Council of Science Editors:

Duffin KI. The Functional Role of Leaf Nutrients in an Old-Field Successional Community. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2015. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2375

Eastern Illinois University

20. Favata, Carl Anthony. Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2016, Eastern Illinois University

URL: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2456

► Decades of anthropogenic pressure have devastated lotic ecosystems across the riverscapes of North America, resulting in degradation of critical habitat and contributing to sharp… (more)

▼ Decades of anthropogenic pressure have devastated lotic ecosystems across the riverscapes of North America, resulting in degradation of critical habitat and contributing to sharp declines in biotic integrity. In response, local stream restoration projects have increased in frequency. However, little effort has been allocated to monitoring and project success has been limited. In addition, restoration projects typically focus on ecological effects above the population-level, while relationships with physiological processes are seldom assessed. Lessons from the long-term restoration and ecological monitoring of Kickapoo Creek highlight some of the complex dynamics driving reach-scale restoration projects. Following instream restoration, I predicted that alterations to critical habitat would stimulate community-level biotic response and increases in biotic integrity. Further, shifts in ecology and distribution of fish following restoration would be linked to the energetic costs associated with navigating complex flows. To examine the relationships between community dissimilarity and habitat alteration, seven 200 m reaches were monitored annually during a seven-year study period. Using barge electrofishing surveys and a Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index, I investigated distribution patterns of fishes along a gradient of habitat conditions. Following implementation of artificial riffles, rip-rap, scouring keys, and riparian vegetation I observed distinct temporal and spatial shifts in fish community structure. While biotic integrity remained in moderately low condition in reference assemblages, monitoring in restored reaches depicted a delayed temporal response to restoration. In restored sites biotic integrity was positively linked to additional instream habitat and altered channel morphology. Larger substrate sizes, submerged terrestrial vegetation, and deep scour pools reduced siltation and provided necessary refuge to facilitate long-term recovery of degraded fish communities. To better understand the relationships between stream habitat, altered flows, and energetic costs, I measured metabolic oxygen consumption in Longear Sunfish, Lepomis megalotis, swimming in turbulent flow. Fish swam in two flow regimes: quasi-laminar (control), and turbulence simulated by three vertical streets of vortices. Fish were adversely affected by turbulent vortices, and consumed on average 24.8% more oxygen in altered flows. Longear Sunfish also responded strongly to habitat alteration in Kickapoo Creek. Significant regression models linked abundance of Longear Sunfish with deep, slow-moving silt-bottom channels with abundant boulders and submerged vegetation. Ecomorphological models for Longear Sunfish suggest that increased metabolic demands associated with navigating complex turbulent flows may help explain habitat use and behavior. I highlight the need for more comprehensive assessment of restoration efforts. I also demonstrate the ability to use structural restoration as an effective management tool to mitigate loss… Advisors/Committee Members: Anabela Maia.

Subjects/Keywords: Aquaculture and Fisheries; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Favata, C. A. (2016). Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream. (Masters Thesis). Eastern Illinois University. Retrieved from https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2456

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Favata, Carl Anthony. “Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2456.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Favata, Carl Anthony. “Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Favata CA. Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2456.

Council of Science Editors:

Favata CA. Effects of Habitat Alteration on Ecomorphology of Fish Communities in a Restored Stream. [Masters Thesis]. Eastern Illinois University; 2016. Available from: https://thekeep.eiu.edu/theses/2456

Wilfrid Laurier University

21. Marshall, Daniel. Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants.

Degree: 2017, Wilfrid Laurier University

URL: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1931

► Increasing evidence indicates that plant community structure and therefore ecosystem function are mediated by below-ground fungal communities that form intracellular associations with plant roots called… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Integrative Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marshall, D. (2017). Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants. (Thesis). Wilfrid Laurier University. Retrieved from https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1931

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marshall, Daniel. “Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants.” 2017. Thesis, Wilfrid Laurier University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1931.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marshall, Daniel. “Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants.” 2017. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Marshall D. Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants. [Internet] [Thesis]. Wilfrid Laurier University; 2017. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1931.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Marshall D. Quantifying relationships between phosphorus availability and mycorrhizal associations in wetland plants. [Thesis]. Wilfrid Laurier University; 2017. Available from: https://scholars.wlu.ca/etd/1931

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

22. Baxter, Jonathan Bradley. Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky.

Degree: MS, Biological Sciences, 2015, Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University

URL: https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/337

► The Kentucky Arrow Darter (KAD), Etheostoma spilotum, is an endemic species to the Upper Kentucky River Basin and is currently proposed for listing as… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aquatic habitat; Darter; Etheostoma; Fish movement; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Baxter, J. B. (2015). Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky. (Masters Thesis). Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University. Retrieved from https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/337

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baxter, Jonathan Bradley. “Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/337.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baxter, Jonathan Bradley. “Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky.” 2015. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Baxter JB. Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University; 2015. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/337.

Council of Science Editors:

Baxter JB. Distribution, Movement, and Ecology of Etheostoma spilotum (Gilbert), the Kentucky Arrow Darter, in Gilberts Big Creek and Elisha Creek, Red Bird River Basin, Clay and Leslie Counties, Kentucky. [Masters Thesis]. Encompass Digital Archive, Eastern Kentucky University; 2015. Available from: https://encompass.eku.edu/etd/337

Loyola University Chicago

23. Hertel, Samantha D. Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2016, Loyola University Chicago

URL: http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3345

► Streams along the Copper River Delta, southcentral Alaska, exhibit contrasting thermal and hydrologic variability associated with being primarily groundwater-fed (GWF) or surface water-fed (SWF).… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aquatic insects; Groundwater-fed; Hydrology; Orthocladiinae; Temperature; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hertel, S. D. (2016). Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes. (Thesis). Loyola University Chicago. Retrieved from http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3345

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hertel, Samantha D. “Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes.” 2016. Thesis, Loyola University Chicago. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3345.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hertel, Samantha D. “Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Hertel SD. Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes. [Internet] [Thesis]. Loyola University Chicago; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3345.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hertel SD. Aquatic Insect Community Structure and Secondary Production in Southcentral Alaska Streams with Contrasting Thermal and Hydrologic Regimes. [Thesis]. Loyola University Chicago; 2016. Available from: http://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3345

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

24. Uno, Hiromi. Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata.

Degree: Integrative Biology, 2016, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9645x8q3

► Stream environments are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Mainstem rivers are often wide, sunlit, warm and productive, while tributaries are shaded by riparian trees, unproductive, and… (more)

▼ Stream environments are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Mainstem rivers are often wide, sunlit, warm and productive, while tributaries are shaded by riparian trees, unproductive, and remain cool in summer. Within mainstem rivers themselves there is substantial spatial heterogeneity in habitat structure and physical conditions, such as water temperature. River environments also change dramatically with season. Organisms that live in the riverine environment respond to and take advantage of such heterogeneous environments by moving between microhabitats or shifting their phenology. I studied the life cycle of a riverine mayfly, Ephemerella maculata (Ephemerellidae), in a northern California river system, its responses to spatial and temporal heterogeneity, and how its movements connect stream and riparian food webs in space and time. I discovered that E. maculata migrates between the mainstem and tributaries of rivers during its life cycle, thereby linking food webs in these two habitats, and enhancing predator growth in unproductive tributaries. The resource subsidy from productive but warm rivers to cool, unproductive tributaries associated with the mayfly migration increase the growth of stenothermic predators like juvenile salmonids in otherwise food-limited, cool thermal refuges, and increase their resilience to future warming. Furthermore, I examined the resilience of E. maculata to changes in water temperature using field surveys and lab rearing experiments. I discovered that different life stages of E. maculata have different thermal responses, and they shift their phenology depending on the water temperature, allowing each life stage to occur in the most desirable thermal condition. Therefore, as long as the natural seasonal pattern of the water temperature is sustained, E. maculata can resist temperature changes by shifting their phenology. Finally, I have shown that thermal spatial heterogeneity of rivers desynchronizes mayfly emergence timing, prolonging the subsidy period to riparian predators, and changing the predators’ responses to this subsidy.

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; Aquatic sciences; aquatic insect; aquatic-terrestrial linkage; food web; spatial heterogeneity; subsidy; temporal heterogeneity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Uno, H. (2016). Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9645x8q3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Uno, Hiromi. “Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9645x8q3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Uno, Hiromi. “Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Uno H. Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9645x8q3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Uno H. Spatial and temporal linkage of stream-riparian food webs by seasonal migration of mayfly Ephemerella maculata. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9645x8q3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Osborne, Christopher A. Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York.

Degree: 2018, Buffalo State College

URL: http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/biology_theses/32

► Life history theory predicts that reproductive characteristics of organisms will be shaped by biotic and abiotic factors to maximize their overall fitness. In this study,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biodiversity; Biology; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Evolution; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Osborne, C. A. (2018). Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York. (Thesis). Buffalo State College. Retrieved from http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/biology_theses/32

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Osborne, Christopher A. “Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York.” 2018. Thesis, Buffalo State College. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/biology_theses/32.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Osborne, Christopher A. “Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York.” 2018. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Osborne CA. Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York. [Internet] [Thesis]. Buffalo State College; 2018. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/biology_theses/32.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Osborne CA. Reproductive Effort and Lipid Dynamics of the Emerald Shiner (Notropis atherinoides) in the Upper Niagara River, New York. [Thesis]. Buffalo State College; 2018. Available from: http://digitalcommons.buffalostate.edu/biology_theses/32

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Purdue University

26. Honsey, Andrew E. The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications.

Degree: MS, Forestry and Natural Resources, 2014, Purdue University

URL: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/337

► The cisco Coregonus artedi is distributed throughout northern North America and is relegated to coldwater, oligotrophic systems. Populations of cisco located at the species'… (more)

▼ The cisco Coregonus artedi is distributed throughout northern North America and is relegated to coldwater, oligotrophic systems. Populations of cisco located at the species' southern range extent, including northern Indiana and southern Michigan, have drastically declined over the past century, seemingly due to a combination of climate warming and exacerbation of hypolimnetic hypoxic conditions via intensive land-use and resulting increases in nutrient loading. Apart from their decline, information on southern ciscoes is lacking, including basic stock demography and genetic variability. Such information may shed light on the likely sustainability (or lack thereof) of remaining populations. The first portion of this study aimed to (1) establish a baseline understanding of the stock biology of southern cisco populations, (2) assess the potential risk of extirpation among populations via assessments of stock biology and an analysis of intra-population genetic variation, and (3) explore the population history of southern ciscoes and assess their viability for conservation usage by examining inter-population genetic variation. Results indicate that southern cisco populations exhibit relatively consistent recruitment success and generally balanced sex ratios, indicating relatively healthy populations. However, the narrow size distributions exhibited in most lakes and the skewed sex ratios seen in some lakes may indicate sampling biases or the potential vulnerability of larger ciscoes and females to mortality events. An analysis of mitochondrial DNA sequences suggested that variation both within and among cisco populations is low; furthermore, this low variation may be exacerbated by selective mortality events. In contrast, microsatellite genetic analyses showed higher intra-population variation and suggest that all southern populations are genetically distinct. Taken in concert, these results indicate that the Crooked/Little Crooked and Indiana lakes populations are among the most sustainable, while the population in Eve Lake may be among the most likely to become extirpated. While biotic factors influence population sustainability, the viability of southern ciscoes may depend heavily on abiotic factors due to their strict environmental (e.g., oxythermal) tolerances. The second portion of this study focused on analyzing lake morphometric and land-use characteristics in Indiana lakes which support cisco, versus lakes where cisco have been extirpated or never existed. In general, larger, deeper lakes were found to be more likely to have contained cisco (either currently or in the past). However, smaller lakes with larger ratios of lake area to total catchment area (i.e., headwater lakes) were more likely to contain current cisco populations than larger lakes. These results highlight the importance of minimizing nutrient loading, particularly from land-use practices, in preserving cisco populations. Advisors/Committee Members: Tomas O. Hook, Steven B. Donabauer, Andrew J. DeWoody.

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Honsey, A. E. (2014). The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications. (Thesis). Purdue University. Retrieved from http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/337

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Honsey, Andrew E. “The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications.” 2014. Thesis, Purdue University. Accessed February 23, 2020. http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/337.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Honsey, Andrew E. “The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications.” 2014. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Honsey AE. The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications. [Internet] [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2014. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/337.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Honsey AE. The decline of cisco Coregonus artedi at its southern range extent: Stock biology and management implications. [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2014. Available from: http://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/337

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Montana Tech

27. Vinyard, Morgan. Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana.

Degree: MS, 2016, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10639

► Many riparian areas in the western United States have been degraded by grazing and logging. In the year 2000, the Montana Department of Environmental… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: stream ecology; MPG Ranch; reference stream; macroinvertebrates; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vinyard, M. (2016). Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana. (Masters Thesis). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10639

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vinyard, Morgan. “Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Montana Tech. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10639.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vinyard, Morgan. “Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Vinyard M. Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Montana Tech; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10639.

Council of Science Editors:

Vinyard M. Baseline study of recovering headwater streams in the Sapphire Mountains, western Montana. [Masters Thesis]. Montana Tech; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10639

28. Medina, Marissa A. The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington.

Degree: MS, Biology, 2019, Eastern Washington University

URL: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/571

► Wetlands are biodiverse ecosystems that play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon. In the face of global warming, wetland hydroperiods could… (more)

▼ Wetlands are biodiverse ecosystems that play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon. In the face of global warming, wetland hydroperiods could shift causing changes in their functionality. My field experiment surveyed 3 plots within 12 wetlands of each hydroperiod class (i.e. 12 permanent, 12 semi-permanent, 12 ephemeral). This survey was paired with a warming experiment by placing open top warming chambers on half of each wetland type. In chapter one, I compared carbon dynamics across hydroperiods and treatment by measuring soil organic carbon (in Summer 2018) and effluxes of carbon dioxide and methane (in Summer 2018, Fall 2018, and Spring 2019). I found no differences across wetland type or warming treatment in soil organic carbon. Results also showed that when comparing wetland fluxes within each season, there were no differences between wetland types or warming treatments. CO2 fluxes were consistently higher than CH4 fluxes within and across all seasons. The seasonality of CO2 and CH4 fluxes differed, which lead to a significant interaction between gas and season. In chapter two, I report on differences in both wetland soil microbial abundance and diversity between treatments. Total abundance was measured by qPCR to quantify 16S rRNA gene copy numbers. Soil microbial diversity, composition, and relative abundance was determined using Illumina sequencing protocol for the amplification of the V4-V5 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Results showed that both abundance and diversity decreased with warming and depth within permanent wetlands, although no variation in species composition was found. Abundance also decreased with warming in ephemeral wetlands, but diversity did not. Although Chapter 1 highlights a general stability in carbon dynamics with warming, Chapter 2 illustrates that the microbial communities are changing with warming and that they might not be as stable over time. As global warming progresses, it is important to continue wetland ecosystem research in longer term studies due to its high potential for climate change mitigation.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Medina, M. A. (2019). The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington. (Thesis). Eastern Washington University. Retrieved from https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/571

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Medina, Marissa A. “The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington.” 2019. Thesis, Eastern Washington University. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/571.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Medina, Marissa A. “The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington.” 2019. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Medina MA. The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington. [Internet] [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2019. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/571.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Medina MA. The effects of warming on carbon and microbial community wetland dynamics at Turnbull National Wildlife Refuge, Washington. [Thesis]. Eastern Washington University; 2019. Available from: https://dc.ewu.edu/theses/571

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

College of William and Mary

29. Dean, Britt Leighanne. Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore.

Degree: MS, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, 2016, College of William and Mary

URL: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068164

► While deeper estuaries typically demonstrate predictable responses to increased nutrient loads, responses in shallow systems are more varied, due in part to the presence… (more)

▼ While deeper estuaries typically demonstrate predictable responses to increased nutrient loads, responses in shallow systems are more varied, due in part to the presence of multiple benthic autotrophs. Shallow systems are particularly vulnerable to increases in watershed nutrient loads due to their position at the interface between land and open water. The prevailing conceptual model of eutrophication for shallow systems currently describes a succession in the dominant autotroph from seagrass to macroalgae to phytoplankton, but this model does not include benthic microalgae, which can sequester nutrients in photic systems. The Virginia Eastern Shore is characterized by shallow lagoons connected to upland watersheds through small tidal creeks, where the main source of fresh water and nutrients is groundwater. While some studies have characterized the response of the lagoons to nutrient loads, little is known about the tidal creeks and whether they act as filters, transformers, or conduits for land-based nutrients. We examined the role tidal creeks play in modulating watershed nutrient inputs in the Great Machipongo River (GMR) system, the largest tidal creek complex on the seaside of the Virginia Eastern Shore. We developed a field monitoring program that provided data to calibrate a reduced complexity Estuarine Ecosystem Model (EEM). Production, respiration, and net ecosystem metabolism were quantified, using both the open water and component methods, seasonally at three sites within this system. These rates together with monthly concentrations of standing stock nutrients and water column chlorophyll, monthly DataFlow surveys of physiochemical parameters, seasonally and spatially-intensive benthic chlorophyll surveys, and a bathymetric survey were used to develop and calibrate the EEM. The model was used to assess the degree to which tidal creeks export (via flushing), remove (via denitrification), or transform (via autotrophic uptake) land-based nutrient loads to the adjacent lagoons during baseflow and storm conditions. Component metabolism studies showed the system was overall net autotrophic, with increasing dominance of benthic processes towards the head of the estuary. Open water metabolism studies suggested the system was overall net heterotrophic, but we believe this conclusion is biased by the surrounding marshes and violations of the constant water mass assumption. The creek system exported 61,476 kg N y-1 as phytoplankton biomass, an amount approximately equal to inputs from the watershed and atmosphere, and imported 172,830 kg N y-1 in dissolved inorganic forms for a net import of 111,354 kg N y-1 from Hog Island Bay. Phytoplankton uptake, benthic microalgal uptake, and denitrification accounted for 216%, 343%, and 38% of the annual input of watershed and atmospheric N to the system, indicative of rapid cycling and advection of nutrients from Hog Island Bay. The storm simulation showed that almost all of the additional 28,635 kg N y-1 added from the watershed was flushed to Hog Island Bay and a small…

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Marine Biology; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dean, B. L. (2016). Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore. (Masters Thesis). College of William and Mary. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068164

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dean, Britt Leighanne. “Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore.” 2016. Masters Thesis, College of William and Mary. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068164.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dean, Britt Leighanne. “Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore.” 2016. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Dean BL. Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2016. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068164.

Council of Science Editors:

Dean BL. Modulation of Watershed Nutrient Loads By Tidal Creek Ecosystems on The Virginia Eastern Shore. [Masters Thesis]. College of William and Mary; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1477068164

University of Nevada – Las Vegas

30. Williams, Amanda Jean. Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management.

Degree: PhD, Geoscience, 2011, University of Nevada – Las Vegas

URL: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1025

► Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are complex matrices of soil particles, mosses, lichens, and cyanobacteria that prevent erosion and influence water and energy balances, soil… (more)

▼ Biological soil crusts (BSCs) are complex matrices of soil particles, mosses, lichens, and cyanobacteria that prevent erosion and influence water and energy balances, soil fertility, and vascular plant germination. The processes that form BSCs, the factors that control their distribution, and the ecosystem feedbacks that they sustain are poorly understood. This dissertation employed a novel interdisciplinary approach to address those research unknowns through investigations of the micromorphological structure, soil-geomorphic relationships, and biogeochemical feedbacks of BSCs in the Mojave Desert. A micromorphological study of BSCs resulted in a succession model that illustrates how crust formative processes and structures change through time. Tall moss-lichen pinnacled crusts actively capture dust, precipitate authigenic minerals, experience alternating expansion-contraction from wet-dry cycles, and form a surface seal that together with dust capture produces Av horizons. The resulting unique bio-sedimentary structures control ecological function and further promote BSC growth. This is the first study to demonstrate a biological process leading to the formation of Av horizons and suggests that BSCs are previously under-recognized critical agents of arid pedogenesis and landscape development. From a soil-geomorphic study of BSCs a model was developed wherein the ratio of fine sand to rocks controls the relative distribution of three surface cover types - cyanobacteria crusts, moss-lichen crusts, and desert pavements with low to moderate moss-lichen cover. The biological and geological feedbacks that sustain these cover types vary predictably across intermontane basins, yielding new insights for land management. Moreover, the physical processes that control BSCs are common to most deserts, making these results applicable worldwide. An ecological study of BSCs resulted in a conceptual model wherein the sand-to rock-ratio, which constrains interspace cover by BSCs and desert pavements, ultimately determines the magnitude of the fertile island effect. Inferred biological-geological feedbacks produce three unique biogeochemical patterns that vary predictably across the landscape. These surface cover patterns are consistent within many deserts, potentially reflecting overarching controls of resource allocation that operate despite differences in total site productivity. Advisors/Committee Members: Brenda Buck, Chair, Margaret Rees, Stephen Rowland, Deborah Soukup.

Subjects/Keywords: Desert Ecology; Geomorphology; Soil Science; Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Williams, A. J. (2011). Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Retrieved from https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1025

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Williams, Amanda Jean. “Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Nevada – Las Vegas. Accessed February 23, 2020. https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1025.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Williams, Amanda Jean. “Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management.” 2011. Web. 23 Feb 2020.

Vancouver:

Williams AJ. Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2011. [cited 2020 Feb 23]. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1025.

Council of Science Editors:

Williams AJ. Co-development of biological soil crusts, soil-geomorphology, and landscape biogeochemistry in the Mojave Desert, Nevada, U.S.A. – Implications for ecological management. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Nevada – Las Vegas; 2011. Available from: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations/1025

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