subject:(Syria fighters)

Leiden University

1. Päivänsalo, Olli. From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria.

Degree: 2018, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/59536

► The number of residents of Nordic countries, who have joined the contemporary conflicts of Iraq and Syria as foreign fighters, is high in relation to… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Iraq; Syria; Kurds; Foreign fighters; Nordic countries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Päivänsalo, O. (2018). From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/59536

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Päivänsalo, Olli. “From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/59536.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Päivänsalo, Olli. “From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria.” 2018. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Päivänsalo O. From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/59536.

Council of Science Editors:

Päivänsalo O. From Safe Havens to Bloody Battlefields: A Case Study of the Backgrounds and Motivations of Nordic Foreign Fighters in Kurdish Factions in the Conflicts in Iraq and Syria. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/59536

Uppsala University

2. Wheelans, Claire. Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters.

Degree: Peace and Conflict Research, 2016, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294484

► The dramatic increase in the number of foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq since the outbreak of the Syrian civil war has caused great… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: foreign fighters; government; legislation; ISIS; Syria; Iraq

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wheelans, C. (2016). Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294484

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wheelans, Claire. “Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters.” 2016. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294484.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wheelans, Claire. “Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wheelans C. Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294484.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wheelans C. Analyses of Government Responses to Stem the Flow of Foreign Fighters. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294484

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Uppsala University

3. Dews, David. Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe.

Degree: Peace and Conflict Research, 2016, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294501

► The current flow of foreign fighters to the conflict in Syria and Iraq is unprecedented in recent times, with numbers now exceeding those who… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: foreign fighters; radicalisation; identity; discrimination; Syria

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dews, D. (2016). Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294501

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dews, David. “Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe.” 2016. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294501.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dews, David. “Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dews D. Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294501.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dews D. Identity and Islamist Radicalisation : The Foreign Fighters of Europe. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-294501

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

4. Johansson, Viktor. The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers.

Degree: Political Science, 2017, Umeå University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142356

► This study examines the framing of Syria fighters in Swedish newspapers during selected time periods of 2016 and 2017. Syria Fighters refer to individuals… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Foreign fighters; Syria fighters; Terrorism; Frame analysis; Framing Theory; Swedish; Dutch; Flemish; Newspapers; Media.; Political Science; Statsvetenskap; Globalisation Studies; Globaliseringsstudier

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johansson, V. (2017). The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers. (Thesis). Umeå University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johansson, Viktor. “The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers.” 2017. Thesis, Umeå University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johansson, Viktor. “The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers.” 2017. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Johansson V. The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers. [Internet] [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142356.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johansson V. The news framing of the ‘Syria Fighters’in Sweden : A frame analysis of Swedish Newspapers. [Thesis]. Umeå University; 2017. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-142356

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Victoria

5. Hashemirahaghi, Seyedmehdi. Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West.

Degree: Department of Political Science, 2016, University of Victoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7142

► The current conflict in Syria and Iraq has attracted a large number of foreign fighters (FFs) from Western countries. The main question of this thesis… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Foreign Fighters; The Islamic State; Integration; Identity; ISIS; ISIL; Civil War; Syria; Iraq; Western Countries

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hashemirahaghi, S. (2016). Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West. (Masters Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7142

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hashemirahaghi, Seyedmehdi. “Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West.” 2016. Masters Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7142.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hashemirahaghi, Seyedmehdi. “Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West.” 2016. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hashemirahaghi S. Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Victoria; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7142.

Council of Science Editors:

Hashemirahaghi S. Western foreign fighters in the conflict in Syria and Iraq: a critical reflection on the role of Muslims’ identity and integration in the West. [Masters Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7142

Universiteit Utrecht

6. Olshanska, Z. Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography.

Degree: 2014, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/298375

Subjects/Keywords: Female fighters; armed conflict; disparate representation; Syria; narration

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Olshanska, Z. (2014). Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/298375

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Olshanska, Z. “Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/298375.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Olshanska, Z. “Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Olshanska Z. Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/298375.

Council of Science Editors:

Olshanska Z. Re-Narrating Female Fighters through the Medium of Photography. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/298375

7. Lundgren, Giuliana Chiesi. Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters.

Degree: Political Science, 2015, Dalarna University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21369

► During the Syrian conflict the number of European Foreign Fighters has increased exponentially and has become an ever-growing concern for European policymakers. This phenomenon… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: France; Syria; realism; terrorism; Foreign Fighters; process tracing

…in the international system. While the phenomenon of the Foreign Fighters in Syria seems to… …the high number of French Foreign Fighters in Syria? - Can France really stop the flow of… …Fighters in Syria: Governance Challenges and Legal Implications” pp.3-4 ICCT Research Paper… …December 2013 13 See Barret, R. “Foreign Fighters in Syria” (June, 2014), p.14 The… …Muslims travelling to Syria. How then, is the phenomenon of Foreign Fighters to be explained…

1 more image…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lundgren, G. C. (2015). Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters. (Thesis). Dalarna University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21369

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lundgren, Giuliana Chiesi. “Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters.” 2015. Thesis, Dalarna University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21369.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lundgren, Giuliana Chiesi. “Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters.” 2015. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Lundgren GC. Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters. [Internet] [Thesis]. Dalarna University; 2015. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21369.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lundgren GC. Can France really stop them? : A study grounded on the realist perspective about the French foreign policy towards Syria as the root cause of the Phenomenon of French Foreign Fighters. [Thesis]. Dalarna University; 2015. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-21369

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Harvard University

8. Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.

Degree: 2019, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004105

►

The Syrian Civil War is an interesting case in geopolitics if one looks at the evolution of foreign fighters. What began as a demonstration in… (more)

▼

The Syrian Civil War is an interesting case in geopolitics if one looks at the evolution of foreign fighters. What began as a demonstration in a southern village of Syria transformed into one of the most devastating conflicts of the twenty-first century. The war brought new challenges to the world as a consequence of this now almost decade-long civil war. Myriad challenges are all too apparent: refugees, terrorism, and reconstruction, among them. The focus of this thesis is on foreign fighters, which I define as those involved in foreign terrorist organizations who continually challenge international law. Prior to the Syrian civil war, foreign fighters did not have extensive support. That came only with the temporary successes of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and other radical extremists during their zenith from 2014 to 2016. Today, the problem that needs to be resolved worldwide is how to handle the return of every foreign fighter as they return to their original homes. No corner of the globe is exempt since recruitment of these foreign fighters reached throughout six continents. Thousands of men and women joined ISIS, and now many will return home following the failure of the self-proclaimed caliphate. ISIS declared its caliphate in 2014, but even before then it used horrendous tactics to recruit new members and seize territory and power; indeed, other Islamic extremist groups pursued similar activities. Many of the crimes committed during the Syrian civil war—rape, massacre, ethnic cleansing, and genocide—were carried out by members recruited into these groups. That begs the questions: Will the world bring justice to the victims of this war? Can anything be done? If there is no court to hold accountable these violators of international law and international human rights, what recourse is there for holding these fighters accountable for actions that have ravaged and prolonged a conflict resulting in millions of displaced people and more than a half a million dead? This thesis aims to answer the following question: What is the most viable option for holding foreign fighters accountable when it is determined that they violated international law during the Syrian civil war? My research suggests that a new international tribunal is required, one that can hold foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war accountable for their actions. Most domestic laws stop short, deciding instead to charge a foreign fighter with membership in a terrorism organization when he/she attempts to return home. Many entities and governments point to international courts as the most viable option for rendering judgment. However, I identify several hurdles in that path, which I discuss. In sum, my research efforts lead me to a more viable approach: establishing an international tribunal through the United National Security Council. To this end, I offer specific suggestions to bring this realistic option to fruition.

International Relations

Advisors/Committee Members: Modirzadeh, Naz K., Bond, Doug.

Subjects/Keywords: Syrian Civil War; Syria; foreign fighters; ISIS; terrorism; foreign terrorist fighters; Arab; UNSC; United Nations; Chapter VII; IIIM; HRC; International Law; International Criminal Law; International Human Rights Law; International Humanitarian Law; Prosecute; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Denmark; Belgium; United Kingdom; United States; Iran; Russia; Putin: Assad; Hezbollah; ICTY; ICTR: STL

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dahabreh, P. C. (2019). The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. (Thesis). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004105

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. “The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.” 2019. Thesis, Harvard University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004105.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. “The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dahabreh PC. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. [Internet] [Thesis]. Harvard University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004105.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dahabreh PC. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. [Thesis]. Harvard University; 2019. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004105

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

9. Roy van Zuijdewijn, J.H. de. Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West.

Degree: 2014, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/290146

► This thesis starts with the observation that many Western countries are worried about the high number of Western Muslim foreign fighters currently fighting in Syria.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: foreign fighters; jihad; terrorism; syria; afghanistan; bosnia; somalia; database; western; muslim; al qaeda; azzam; al shabaab

…foreign fighters go to Syria - 2012 Boston Marathon Bombings - 2013 Woolwich attacks - 2013… …x29;.11 The estimated total of foreign fighters in Syria is almost 11,000 of which the… …Up to 11,000 Foreign Fighters in Syria; Steep Rise Among Western Europeans, The… …insight-11000foreign-fighters-syria-steep-rise-among-western-europeans/. 10 David Malet. Foreign… …fighters. The current concern about foreign fighters in Syria has to do with the purported link…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Roy van Zuijdewijn, J. H. d. (2014). Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/290146

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roy van Zuijdewijn, J H de. “Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/290146.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roy van Zuijdewijn, J H de. “Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West.” 2014. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Roy van Zuijdewijn JHd. Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/290146.

Council of Science Editors:

Roy van Zuijdewijn JHd. Fearing the Western Muslim Foreign Fighter: The Connection between Fighting the Defensive Jihad and Terrorist Activity in the West. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2014. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/290146

10. Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.

Degree: ALM, 2019, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004137

►

The Syrian Civil War is an interesting case in geopolitics if one looks at the evolution of foreign fighters. What began as a demonstration in… (more)

▼

The Syrian Civil War is an interesting case in geopolitics if one looks at the evolution of foreign fighters. What began as a demonstration in a southern village of Syria transformed into one of the most devastating conflicts of the twenty-first century. The war brought new challenges to the world as a consequence of this now almost decade-long civil war. Myriad challenges are all too apparent: refugees, terrorism, and reconstruction, among them. The focus of this thesis is on foreign fighters, which I define as those involved in foreign terrorist organizations who continually challenge international law. Prior to the Syrian civil war, foreign fighters did not have extensive support. That came only with the temporary successes of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and other radical extremists during their zenith from 2014 to 2016. Today, the problem that needs to be resolved worldwide is how to handle the return of every foreign fighter as they return to their original homes. No corner of the globe is exempt since recruitment of these foreign fighters reached throughout six continents. Thousands of men and women joined ISIS, and now many will return home following the failure of the self-proclaimed caliphate. ISIS declared its caliphate in 2014, but even before then it used horrendous tactics to recruit new members and seize territory and power; indeed, other Islamic extremist groups pursued similar activities. Many of the crimes committed during the Syrian civil war—rape, massacre, ethnic cleansing, and genocide—were carried out by members recruited into these groups. That begs the questions: Will the world bring justice to the victims of this war? Can anything be done? If there is no court to hold accountable these violators of international law and international human rights, what recourse is there for holding these fighters accountable for actions that have ravaged and prolonged a conflict resulting in millions of displaced people and more than a half a million dead? This thesis aims to answer the following question: What is the most viable option for holding foreign fighters accountable when it is determined that they violated international law during the Syrian civil war? My research suggests that a new international tribunal is required, one that can hold foreign fighters in the Syrian civil war accountable for their actions. Most domestic laws stop short, deciding instead to charge a foreign fighter with membership in a terrorism organization when he/she attempts to return home. Many entities and governments point to international courts as the most viable option for rendering judgment. However, I identify several hurdles in that path, which I discuss. In sum, my research efforts lead me to a more viable approach: establishing an international tribunal through the United National Security Council. To this end, I offer specific suggestions to bring this realistic option to fruition.

International Relations

Advisors/Committee Members: Modirzadeh, Naz K. (committee member), Bond, Doug (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Syrian Civil War; Syria; foreign fighters; ISIS; terrorism; foreign terrorist fighters; Arab; UNSC; United Nations; Chapter VII; IIIM; HRC; International Law; International Criminal Law; International Human Rights Law; International Humanitarian Law; Prosecute; Jordan; Saudi Arabia; Denmark; Belgium; United Kingdom; United States; Iran; Russia; Putin: Assad; Hezbollah; ICTY; ICTR: STL

…apparent when scores of foreign fighters were detained by several groups in Syria. For example… …foreign fighters, to the International Criminal Court (ICC). Syria cannot 15 A body… …of foreign fighters recruited into Islamic extremist groups in Syria surpassed that of… …countries—approximately 74 countries represented altogether. Many fighters arrived in Syria by… …Foreign Fighters into Syria and Iraq.” December 2015. http://soufangroup.com/wp-content/uploads…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dahabreh, P. C. (2019). The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. (Masters Thesis). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004137

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. “The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Harvard University. Accessed March 05, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004137.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dahabreh, Peter Cephas. “The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011.” 2019. Web. 05 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Dahabreh PC. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Harvard University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 05]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004137.

Council of Science Editors:

Dahabreh PC. The International Tribunal for the Prosecution of Foreign Fighters Responsible for Serious Violations of International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law Committed in the Territory of the Syrian Arab Republic Since 2011. [Masters Thesis]. Harvard University; 2019. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42004137

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations