subject:(Spectrin)

Penn State University

1. Khanna, Mansi Rajendra. ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH.

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11976

► The plasma membrane (PM) and its associated proteins play an important role in determining how a cell interacts with its neighbours as well as how… (more)

▼ The plasma membrane (PM) and its associated proteins play an important role in determining how a cell interacts with its neighbours as well as how it responds to the components of, and conditions in the extracellular environment. As a reflection of this, more than 50% of the current drug targets lie at the cell surface. The amount of a protein at the cell surface is determined by its rate of delivery, internalization, recycling and degradation. All these parameters are subject to change under normal physiological adjustments, development, varying environmental influences and pathological conditions. The spectrin based membrane skeleton (SBMS) is a ubiquitous feature of all metazoan cells. This network of spectrin and associated proteins is attached directly or indirectly to plasma membrane proteins. Among the numerous functions of the SBMS, are roles in protein trafficking and turnover that determine levels of plasma membrane proteins. Regulated spectrin proteolysis, mediated by calpain, occurs under normal physiological conditions for various cellular processes, including establishment of synaptic contacts, long-term potentiation and platelet activation. Spectrin cleavage is also observed in age-related pathologies such as stroke and other ischemic events, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, little is known about the consequences of spectrin breakdown per se under these conditions. The goal of this work is to establish the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster as model system for some aspects of ischemic stroke, of which spectrin breakdown is a hallmark. The hypothesis being tested in this work is that disruption of the SBMS will affect the levels of many proteins at the cell surface under pathological conditions. The significance of this with respect to an ischemic stroke is that changes in levels of cell surface proteins in the event of SBMS breakdown need to be compensated for in post-stroke drug therapies and rehabilitation. In order to observe changes in the cell surface proteome under SBMS breakdown, one would first need to establish what it looks in normal conditions. Towards this, I developed a technique to isolate pure PM that employs a unique combination of density gradient centrifugation and aqueous two-phase affinity partitioning (2PAP). Density gradient centrifugation is an accepted method of fractionation on the basis of the buoyant densities of biomolecules and organelles but results in an overlap in cellular compartments due to similarities in densities. 2PAP is an established method for PM isolation in vertebrate model systems and makes use of the glycosylation pattern of PM proteins to isolate them from those in other compartments. My work demonstrates that a novel combination of both the techniques results in a robust PM preparation, which neither technique can achieve on its own. Using the new technique, 432 proteins were identified from Drosophila heads by MudPIT, of which 22% were found to be known PM residents and 34% are currently unassigned to any compartment and represent candidate… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Graham Hugh Thomas, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Richard W Ordway, Committee Member, Hong Ma, Committee Member, Melissa Rolls, Committee Member, Bruce A Stanley, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: spectrin; proteomics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Khanna, M. R. (2011). ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11976

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Khanna, Mansi Rajendra. “ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH.” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11976.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Khanna, Mansi Rajendra. “ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH.” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Khanna MR. ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11976.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Khanna MR. ROLE OF THE SPECTRIN BASED MEMBRANE SKELETON IN PLASMA MEMBRANE PROTEIN PRESENTATION: A PROTEOMIC APPROACH. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11976

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

2. Fealey, Michael E. Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions.

Degree: PhD, Biochemistry, Molecular Bio, and Biophysics, 2019, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206287

► This thesis applied spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation to study the structural biology of actin-binding domains (ABDs) from the spectrin superfamily of proteins as well… (more)

▼ This thesis applied spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulation to study the structural biology of actin-binding domains (ABDs) from the spectrin superfamily of proteins as well as an intrinsically disordered region (IDR) of an integral membrane protein called synaptotagmin 1. In the former case, the structural hypothesis being tested was that actin-binding domains exist in distinct conformational states that are either permissive to or inhibitory towards binding of actin filaments. This question was probed using pulsed-EPR, which measured distances between the calponin homology (CH) domains that make up the ABD as proxy for conformation in the presence or absence of actin or with and without disease-causing mutation. The initial hypothesis of a closed compact state being unable to bind actin and an open extended state being binding-competent was largely supported by the data. However, the hypothesis was ultimately refined to conclude that an “open” state is likely to still be a fairly collapsed structure that is dynamically disordered. With this model, future efforts will be able use the model to look for small molecules that perturb the conformational equilibrium of ABDs harboring disease-causing mutations in potentially therapeutically efficacious ways. Moreover, the model can be tested in other ABDs of the protein superfamily to assess similarities and differences in mechanism. In the case of the intrinsically disordered region of synaptotagmin 1, it was hypothesized that a post-translational modification, specifically phosphorylation of a threonine residue, caused a structural change in the IDR that then results in a change in neurotransmitter release. This hypothesis was also tested with spectroscopic methods, mainly FRET and circular dichroism, but also with molecular dynamics. It was found that mimicking the low dielectric environment of the membrane with co-solvents in solution and artificially in silico caused the synaptotagmin 1 IDR to fold into helical structure. The post-translational modification, however, was found to interfere with the formation of helical structure, providing a still incomplete but novel molecular explanation for the effect it has on potentiation of neurotransmitter release observed in vivo. At the very least, the structural model provides a working hypothesis that can be further explored in further work.

Subjects/Keywords: dystrophin; spectrin; synaptotagmin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Fealey, M. E. (2019). Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206287

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fealey, Michael E. “Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206287.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fealey, Michael E. “Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions.” 2019. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Fealey ME. Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206287.

Council of Science Editors:

Fealey ME. Structural And Intrinsic Disorder In The Regulation Of Protein-Protein Interactions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206287

Penn State University

3. Wu, Juan. Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster .

Degree: 2011, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11687

► The spectrin-based membrane skeleton (SBMS) is a flexible and multifunctional scaffold involved in a wide spectrum of cellular processes including the generation of specialized membrane… (more)

▼ The spectrin-based membrane skeleton (SBMS) is a flexible and multifunctional scaffold involved in a wide spectrum of cellular processes including the generation of specialized membrane domains, determination of cell polarity, protein sorting, vesicle transport, endocytosis, protein recycling, morphogenesis, and nuclear positioning. EGFR signaling pathway regulates a variety of important cellular activities, ranging from cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, survival, motility, adhesion and tissue development. It is also increasingly important as a therapeutic target for multiple cancers. The effect of spectrin, the key component of the SBMS, on EGFR signaling remains largely uncharacterized. Drosophila melanogaster is utilized in this thesis as an ideal model for investigating the relationship between beta heavy-spectrin (betaH) and EGFR signaling activity due to the low redundancy in beta-spectrin and EGF receptor isoforms, as well as the linearity of EGFR signaling pathway. The hypothesis of this thesis lies in that loss of betaH enhances EGFR signaling activity. This hypothesis originates from a genetic experiment in which betaH mutant alleles suppressed rhomboidve (rhove) phenotype. Flies homozygous for rhove have incomplete wing veins due to insufficient EGFR activity. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed increased diphosphorylated Erk (dpErk) levels when the amount of betaH was reduced by RNAi. We then sought to probe the mechanism by which betaH regulates EGFR signaling activity from two perspectives: EGFR ligand activiation and receptor endocytosis. The EGFR ligand mSpitz-GFP accumulated in a perinuclear lobe-like compartment and changed distribution dramatically upon betaH knockdown. However, such distribution change did not seem to correlate with increased ligand activation. Therefore, we instead focus on the endocytic regulation of EGFR and we propose that betaH is associated with EGF receptor endocytosis for the following reasons. betaH was seen associated with EGFR in internal vesicular and tubular structures that were positive for endocytic marker, Eps15. In addition, betaH was concentrated in lots of large cytoplasmic vesicles in Shibire mutant SG exposed at 30 °C where clathrin-mediated endocytosis is significantly blocked. Finally, in Annexin B9RNAi SG, betaH was driven into similar internal networks along with Eps15. Based on my current data and other published works, we have proposed a model depicting the mechanism of betaH-associated endocytosis. We suggest that betaH is recruited to the endocytic machinery by Eps15, and both of them would travel with the internalized vesicles. The interaction between betaH-Annexin B9 provides additional means and specificity for vesicle trafficking to MVB. According to this model, efficient endocytic trafficking of EGFR will be compromised upon loss of betaH, which will result in active receptors accumulation at either plasma membrane or earlier endosomal compartments where they continue to signal. This leads to increased EGFR signaling… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Graham Hugh Thomas, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor.

Subjects/Keywords: Trafficking; Spectrin; EGFR; Endocytosis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, J. (2011). Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11687

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Juan. “Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster .” 2011. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11687.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Juan. “Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster .” 2011. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wu J. Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11687.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wu J. Investigating the roles of beta Heavy-spectrin in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling activity in Drosophila melanogaster . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2011. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11687

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Carnegie Mellon University

4. Armiger, Travis J. Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell.

Degree: 2018, Carnegie Mellon University

URL: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1143

► Mammalian cells are known to respond to both extra- and intra- cellular forces as well as the physical properties of the surrounding tissue. There is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Epithelial; Lamin; Monolayer; Nucleus; Particle Tracking; Spectrin

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APA (6^th Edition):

Armiger, T. J. (2018). Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell. (Thesis). Carnegie Mellon University. Retrieved from http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1143

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armiger, Travis J. “Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell.” 2018. Thesis, Carnegie Mellon University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1143.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armiger, Travis J. “Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Armiger TJ. Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell. [Internet] [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1143.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Armiger TJ. Force Propagation in Mammalian Cell Systems and the Relevance of the Mechanically Integrated Cell. [Thesis]. Carnegie Mellon University; 2018. Available from: http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/1143

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Massey University

5. Muthu, Muralidharan. Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ .

Degree: 2012, Massey University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4949

► Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are muscle-wasting disorders caused by mutations in the X-linked dystrophin gene. Dystrophin is a large cytoskeletal protein belonging to the… (more)

▼ Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies are muscle-wasting disorders caused by mutations in the X-linked dystrophin gene. Dystrophin is a large cytoskeletal protein belonging to the spectrin superfamily, that links intracellular F-actin to the extracellular matrix via a membrane-associated glyco-protein complex thus maintaining structural rigidity and flexibility. Utrophin is a widely expressed protein that has been shown to functionally compensate for dystrophin in cultured muscle cells as well as in the muscular dystrophy mice model. Both utrophin and dystrophin share a similar domain architecture with N-terminal actin-binding domains and C-terminal variable domains separated by 22 or 24 spectrin-like repeats respectively. Therapeutic strategies to replace individuals having defective dystrophin with utrophin require full characterisation of these proteins. In this thesis, high-resolution structures of the N-terminal first spectrin repeat domains from utrophin and dystrophin have been determined by x-ray crystallography to 1.95 and 2.3 Å. Despite multiple structures of spectrin repeats in the Protein Data Bank from a-actinin, spectrin and plectin these are the first structures determined for any of the spectrin repeats from utrophin and dystrophin. These structures are similar to one another and display a three-helix bundle spectrin repeat fold. The repeat domain structure reveals the relationship between the canonical spectrin repeat domain sequence motif and the structural domain for utrophin and dystrophin, showing the N-terminal first spectrin repeat to be extended at the C-terminal end. Earlier biochemical studies revealed that the extension at the C-terminus was required for the protein’s stability. Studies have also shown that spectrin repeats of utrophin are required for a higher affinity interaction of the actin-binding domain with F-actin. However, it was unclear whether the N-terminal repeat domain has an intrinsic affinity for F-actin. In the present study the actin-binding properties of these spectrin repeats are elucidated. Previous experiments using molecular dynamic simulations and atomic force microscopy of tandem spectrin repeat domains from erythroid spectrin and a-actinin suggested that flexibility of multiple repeats depends upon the linker region. However under higher extension, the triple helical domain further undergoes unfolding and refolding and thus functions as an elastic element within the cell. Studies using steered molecular dynamics suggested that the force required for unfolding the N-terminal first spectrin repeat domain from utrophin is higher in comparison to that of the N-terminal first spectrin repeat from dystrophin.

Subjects/Keywords: Duchenne muscular dystrophy; Genetic aspects; Dystrophin; Spectrin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Muthu, M. (2012). Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ . (Thesis). Massey University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4949

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Muthu, Muralidharan. “Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ .” 2012. Thesis, Massey University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4949.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Muthu, Muralidharan. “Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ .” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Muthu M. Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ . [Internet] [Thesis]. Massey University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4949.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Muthu M. Structural and biochemical characterisation of utrophin and dystrophin spectrin repeat domains : submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biochemistry, Massey University, Palmerston North, NZ . [Thesis]. Massey University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10179/4949

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas State University – San Marcos

6. Dixson, Jamie D. Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family.

Degree: MS, Geography, 2001, Texas State University – San Marcos

URL: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/9739

► The alpha-actinin gene family is a member of the spectrin superfamily of proteins. Other members of this superfamily include the a- and ~-spectrins, ~heavy spectrin… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Actin genes; Spectrin

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dixson, J. D. (2001). Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family. (Masters Thesis). Texas State University – San Marcos. Retrieved from https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/9739

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dixson, Jamie D. “Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family.” 2001. Masters Thesis, Texas State University – San Marcos. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/9739.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dixson, Jamie D. “Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family.” 2001. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Dixson JD. Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2001. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/9739.

Council of Science Editors:

Dixson JD. Evolutionary Dynamics of the Alpha-actinin Gene Family. [Masters Thesis]. Texas State University – San Marcos; 2001. Available from: https://digital.library.txstate.edu/handle/10877/9739

University of Pennsylvania

7. Sriswasdi, Sira. In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry.

Degree: 2013, University of Pennsylvania

URL: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/931

► The completion of the Human Genome Project revealed the sequence identity of essentially every human protein. However, in most cases, amino acid sequences alone convey… (more)

▼ The completion of the Human Genome Project revealed the sequence identity of essentially every human protein. However, in most cases, amino acid sequences alone convey little implication on the protein static structures, its dynamic conformational changes, and most importantly, its functions. To fully understand the behaviors and properties of macromolecular complexes, solving their 3D structures is necessary and highly critical. Under this rationale, structural genomics collaborations were initiated aiming to determine high-resolution structures of as many proteins and protein folds as possible, relying mostly on X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. Yet, very large, highly flexible or disordered, and dynamic protein complexes can exceed the capabilities of these high-resolution techniques. Although computational molecular modeling can be utilized, such structures are highly speculative and often inaccurate unless supported by actual experimental data. Structural mass spectrometry recently emerged as an alternative method which can provide medium-resolution spatial information capable of complementing computational approaches, and are applicable to heterogeneous samples with potentially no limit on complex sizes. In particular, chemical crosslinking coupled with mass spectrometry, has recently received considerable interest. Most recent progress focused on developing crosslinkers with special properties such as enrichment tags, isotopic labeling sites, or MS-cleavable bonds along with accompanying data analysis strategies and software packages. These crosslinkers insert their spacer arm between proximal amino acid residues, greatly reducing the stringency of the derived distance constraints. In contrast, "zero-length crosslinkers" are crosslinks which do not add any extra atoms to the product crosslinked peptides, therefore providing the tightest possible spatial constraints but rendering enrichment and isotopic labeling strategies inapplicable. As a result, zero-length crosslinking received limited attention and no software tools have previously been specifically developed for it. In this thesis project, we developed a multi-tiered mass spectrometry data acquisition and computational data analysis strategy along with a dedicated software tool to enhance identification of zero-length crosslinks in complex samples. Label-free comparison and targeted high-resolution mass spectrometry were utilized to filter out the vast majority of non-crosslinked peptides and increase confidence of crosslink identification, compensating for the lack of enrichment techniques and characteristic MS patterns employed by non-zero-length crosslinking methods. Each step from mass spectrometer acquisition parameters to MS/MS spectra evaluation functions was optimized based on zero-length crosslinking datasets of proteins with known crystal structures. Our pipeline was then applied to probe structures and conformational changes of mini-spectrin, a 90 kDa recombinant protein that closely mimics erythrocyte spectrin's dynamic…

Subjects/Keywords: Crosslinking; Mass spectrometry; Spectrin; Bioinformatics; Biology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sriswasdi, S. (2013). In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/931

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sriswasdi, Sira. “In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry.” 2013. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/931.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sriswasdi, Sira. “In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry.” 2013. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sriswasdi S. In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/931.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sriswasdi S. In-Depth Analysis of Zero-Length Crosslinking for Structural Mass Spectrometry. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2013. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/931

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Chicago

8. Sevinc, Akin. Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization.

Degree: 2012, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/8902

► Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization Akin Sevinc Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL (2011)… (more)

▼ Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization Akin Sevinc Department of Chemistry University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL (2011) Dissertation Chairperson: Dr. Leslie Wo-Mei Fung Spectrin performs its fundamental role by forming a filamentous network beneath the plasma membrane, where the association of α and β subunits to form tetramers is crucial. We employed yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) methods to study the mutational effects of non-erythroid alpha spectrin (II) at position 22 in tetramer formation with non-erythroid beta spectrin (II). Colony growth and β-galactosidase assays of Y2H system qualitatively showed that wild-type and three mutants (V22W, V22M, and V22F) interacted with βII-C, whereas V22D mutant did not. These results correlated with isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) results. We also screened a human brain cDNA library using the C-terminal fragment (residues 1697-2145) of βII (βII-C), which includes the tetramerization region, as the bait, to identify proteins interacting with the bait protein. Library screening results showed that 17 proteins interacted with βII-C (IPβII-C s). These proteins are a fragment (residues 38-284) of "THAP domain containing, apoptosis associated protein 3, isoform CRA g", "glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 2" (residues 1-478), a fragment (residues 74-442) of septin 8 isoform c, a fragment (residues 704-953) of "coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1", a fragment (residues 146-614) of zinc-finger protein 251, and a fragment (residues 284-435) of syntaxin binding protein 1, as well as 4 unknown proteins. Using yeast three-hybrid system to determine the effects of IPβII-C s on spectrin tetramer formation, we found that 3 IPβII-C s were able to bind βII-C even in the presence of αII-N. We also found that one of these proteins, the syntaxin binding protein 1 fragment, abolished spectrin tetramerization. This suggests that this protein may be implicated in the regulation of the non-erythroid spectrin tetramer formation. Similar studies were also done on 7 proteins previously identified to interact with the tetramerization region of non-erythroid alpha spectrin (IPαII-N s) (Oh and Fung, 2007), and 4 IPαII-N s were able to bind αII-N in the presence of βII-C. Our results demonstrate the effects of mutations and of interacting proteins on the interaction of α and β spectrin isoforms to form the spectrin tetramers. Given the importance of spectrin tetramerization for its cellular functions, these effects may provide a better understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of neuronal cells. Advisors/Committee Members: Fung, Leslie (advisor), Kassner, Richard J. (committee member), Burns, Richard P. (committee member), Miller, Lawrence (committee member), Mehboob, Shahila (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Spectrin; spectrin tetramerization; brain proteins; yeast two-hybrid system; yeast three-hybrid system; library screening

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sevinc, A. (2012). Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/8902

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sevinc, Akin. “Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization.” 2012. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/8902.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sevinc, Akin. “Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sevinc A. Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/8902.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sevinc A. Non-Erythroid Beta Spectrin: Effects of Mutations and of Interacting Proteins on Tetramerization. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/8902

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University College Cork

9. Murphy, Anita Catherine Honor. The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology.

Degree: 2016, University College Cork

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3314

► Actinin and spectrin proteins are members of the Spectrin Family of Actin Crosslinking Proteins. The importance of these proteins in the cytoskeleton is demonstrated by… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Alpha-actinin; Actin; Congenital macrothrombocytopenia; Molecular self-assembly; Alpha-spectrin; Beta-spectrin; Actin-binding/bundling; Protein building blocks; Actinin-1

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Murphy, A. C. H. (2016). The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology. (Thesis). University College Cork. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3314

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Murphy, Anita Catherine Honor. “The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology.” 2016. Thesis, University College Cork. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3314.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Murphy, Anita Catherine Honor. “The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Murphy ACH. The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology. [Internet] [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3314.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Murphy ACH. The actinin family of actin crosslinking proteins: natural functions and potential applications in synthetic biology. [Thesis]. University College Cork; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10468/3314

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Syracuse University

10. Degaga, Eleni Kinfe. THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION.

Degree: PhD, Physics, 2014, Syracuse University

URL: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/137

► The thesis is concerned with questions regarding cellular bio-mechanics and cell surface interactions. A particular focus is thereby on the role of the spectrin… (more)

▼ The thesis is concerned with questions regarding cellular bio-mechanics and cell surface interactions. A particular focus is thereby on the role of the spectrin membrane skeleton in transducing forces to and from non-erythroid mammalian cells. This spectrin based membrane skeleton has been the focus of much study in the context of red blood cells, as it determines their mechanical properties due to the lack of an extended actin based cytoskeleton. In stark contrast, the corresponding structure in non-erythroids is much less studied and understood, although it seems to play important roles in organization of membrane associated proteins, cellular mechanics, adhesion, traction and possibly mechanotransduction. In this work, I was able to determine the amount -down to the average copy number per cell- of the main protein components of the non-erythroid membrane skeleton, in model cell lines commonly used in cell-mechanics studies. The results of the measurements provided by combining a variety of optical microscopic and biochemical techniques, demonstrate that proteins associated with the membrane skeleton constitute a large (s10%) fraction of cellular proteins. These results are then compared with the respective quantities after mechanical stimulation of the cells. It is found that external forces result in both an up to 60% changes of the overall amounts of proteins as well as the protein composition of the membrane skeleton itself. In addition, it was established that the fraction of polyubiquitnated spectrin has significantly increased due to stimulation. The work helps to establish the fact that the spectrin based membrane skeleton, while often overlooked in non-erythroids, is indeed a verily generic and important system in mammalian cells that is also quite sensitive to external forces. Thus, the skeleton should be taken into account when studying cellular mechanics, membrane structure or composition. Furthermore, I present my successful work on integrating several light based methods to simultaneously measure traction forces of adherent cells as well as internal strains in their membrane skeleton. For the proof of principle experiments and optimization procedures, I used NIH-3T3 fibroblast and H9c2 (2 -1) cardiomyocyte cell lines, both of which are known to be mechanically active. Using my method, I demonstrate that the internal strains in the membrane skeleton of fibroblasts are correlated with the polyacrylamide substrate stiffness. The later has also a measurable impact on the generated cellular traction forces. These findings open up a first glimpse on the questions that can now be addressed with this method and it promises to help to refine our still rudimentary understanding of the interrelated mechanisms of cellular mechanotransduction and force generation machinery. Cells are exposed not only to mechanical forces but also to electrical, chemical and magnetic forces found in their environment. In a separate series of experiments, I observed that cellular behavior of 3T3 fibroblasts on… Advisors/Committee Members: Martin B. Forstner.

Subjects/Keywords: FRET; Mechanotransduction; membrane skeleton; Spectrin; Supported lipid bilayer; Traction force; Physics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Degaga, E. K. (2014). THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION. (Doctoral Dissertation). Syracuse University. Retrieved from https://surface.syr.edu/etd/137

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Degaga, Eleni Kinfe. “THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Syracuse University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/137.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Degaga, Eleni Kinfe. “THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Degaga EK. THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Syracuse University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/137.

Council of Science Editors:

Degaga EK. THE NON-ERYTHROID MEMBRANE SKELETON AND ITS ROLE IN MECHANOTRANSDUCTION. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Syracuse University; 2014. Available from: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/137

Penn State University

11. Browder, Kristen Cherie. THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.

Degree: 2017, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13804kcb179

► Spectrins are long, rope-like proteins that form heterotetramers of two and two chains. These heterotetramers crosslink F-actin in the cell to form a structural network… (more)

▼ Spectrins are long, rope-like proteins that form heterotetramers of two and two chains. These heterotetramers crosslink F-actin in the cell to form a structural network call the Spectrin-Based Membrane Skeleton (SBMS). In Drosophila melanogaster, there are three genes that encode spectrins: alpha-spec (encoding alpha-spectrin), β-spec (encoding conventional β-spectrin), and karst (encoding βH‑spectrin; βH) (Moorthy et al., 2000; Thomas and Williams, 1999; Bennett and Baines, 2001; Bennett and Healy; 2008). The SBMS is not only important for maintaining cell structure, but also plays roles in cell polarity, membrane trafficking, cell growth, and cortical tension. This dissertation reports two major studies involving the role of spectrin in polarity, trafficking, and growth (Chapter 2) and cortical tension (Chapter 3). βH is apically localized in epithelial cells and interacts with many protein partners that contribute to its diverse functions (outlined in Chapter 1). One of these interactions is with the apical determinant Crumbs (Crb) to regulate apical membrane size. βH is also required for correct endosomal trafficking to and at the multivesicular body (MVB) and in recycling of proteins to the plasma membrane. Using a yeast two-hybrid screen, a subunit of Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A) was shown to directly interact with βH. PP2A is a family of serine/threonine phosphatases involved in many important cellular events. This heterotrimeric protein is comprised of a catalytic (C) subunit and structural (A) subunit. The third, variable regulatory B subunit, determines the substrate specificity, localization, and catalytic activity of the PP2A enzyme. Chapter 2 presents data demonstrating that PP2A-PR72 (a regulatory B subunit) is involved in modulating both the βH/Crb complex during apical pole establishment/maintenance, and endomembrane trafficking. PP2A-PR72 knockdown flies exhibit an elevated number of late endosomal compartments when stained for the late endosome marker Rab7 and an accumulation of acidic compartments when stained with LysoSensor. In addition, βH becomes internalized and localizes to Hrs positive MVB. This suggests that PP2A-PR72 normally down regulates lysosomal trafficking, encouraging protein recycling as previously hypothesized for the action of βH and its molecular partner Annexin B9 (Tjota et al., 2009). An extensive series of genetic interaction experiments using various Crb, aPKC, and Hippo pathway constructs in conjunction with PP2A-PR72 knockdown and overexpression, and immunostaining in larval salivary glands, suggests that PP2A-PR72 negatively regulates Crb activity, specifically in its regulation of the Hippo/Warts pathway via Expanded. When overexpressing PP2A-PR72 in adult wings there is a significant size increase compared to wild-type or PP2A-PR72 knockdown consistent with Hippo downregulation. Also, genetic interaction experiments with Yorkie/PP2A-PR72 co-overexpression suggest that PP2A-PR72 negatively regulates the Hippo/Warts pathway. The interaction seen is strikingly similar… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham H. Thomas, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Graham H. Thomas, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Melissa Rolls, Committee Member, Lorraine Santy, Committee Member, William Hancock, Outside Member, Lu Bai, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Crumbs; Protein Phosphatase 2A (PP2A); Tension; Beta Heavy-Spectrin; Alpha Spectrin; Polarity; Par6; Sdt; aPKC; Strain Sensor; Endocytosis; Hippo/Warts Pathway; cpstFRET; Drosophila

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Browder, K. C. (2017). THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13804kcb179

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Browder, Kristen Cherie. “THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13804kcb179.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Browder, Kristen Cherie. “THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Browder KC. THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13804kcb179.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Browder KC. THE ROLE AND REGULATION OF APICAL SPECTRINS IN CELL POLARITY, TRAFFICKING, GROWTH, AND CORTICAL TENSION IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/13804kcb179

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

12. Zhao, Na. Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly.

Degree: 2014, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/22720

► The nervous system consists of billions of neurons that interconnect to form functional neural circuits and networks. Synapses, the fundamental units of nervous system, are… (more)

▼ The nervous system consists of billions of neurons that interconnect to form functional neural circuits and networks. Synapses, the fundamental units of nervous system, are the highly-specialized cell junctions that mediate intercellular communication. The coordinated synaptic growth and plasticity ensures synaptic transmission upon intrinsic and environmental stimulus. Insight into the mechanism of synapse assembly is critical to our understanding of the nervous system and neurological diseases. In this study, by using the well-established model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, I aimed to gain further insight into the important regulatory components involved in synapse development. In particular, serine-threonine kinase Akt, heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) and genes affecting cytoskeleton organization were investigated for their functions in the assembly of postsynaptic specializations. Akt is an integral element of phosphatidylinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K)-Target of Rapamycin (TOR)-Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb) signaling, a pathway that known to affect synapse assembly in both vertebrates and Drosophila. In this work, the role of Akt in synapse assembly has been examined at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ), a glutamatergic synapse that displays developmental and activity-dependent plasticity. The single Drosophila Akt family member, Akt1 selectively altered the postsynaptic targeting of one glutamate receptor subunit, GluRIIA, and was required for the expansion of a specialized postsynaptic membrane compartment, the subsynaptic reticulum (SSR). A novel function of heparan sulfate-modified proteoglycans at the postsynaptic muscle cells has been identified as regulating a cellular membrane trafficking event, autophagy. HSPGs are a ubiquitous class of macromolecules that play important roles in molecular signaling and morphogen distribution in the extracellular spaces. Loss of HS-biosynthesis in the muscle cell disrupted the organization of SSR, and produced changes in mitochondrial morphology and numbers. Molecular and genetic findings showed these phenotypes were resulted from inappropriate activation of autophagy. Reducing autophagy in animals with globally compromised HS biosynthesis partially rescued the associated lethality, showing that autophagy is critically affected by HS production. Further evidence showed that HSPGs control autophagy via regulation of PI3K, a downstream mediator of a number of growth factors. A forward genetic screen was performed in our lab, designed to identify potential Akt1 downstream effectors and other novel genes required for synapse assembly. DnaJ2 (CG10565) and Acinus were identified for their specific requirements in the regulation of glutamate receptor composition and postsynaptic membrane organization respectively. Further experiments revealed that Acinus mediates autophagosome maturation. Animals defective for autophagy exhibited disorganization of both SSR membrane structures and α-Spectrin networks, suggesting that autophagy may affect synapse… Advisors/Committee Members: Scott Brian Selleck, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Scott Brian Selleck, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Bernhard Luscher, Committee Member, Richard W Ordway, Committee Member, Zhi Chun Lai, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: synapse development; GluRIIA localization; subsynaptic reticulum; Akt; heparan sulfate proteolycan; autophagy; Acinus; spectrin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zhao, N. (2014). Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/22720

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhao, Na. “Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly.” 2014. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/22720.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhao, Na. “Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zhao N. Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/22720.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zhao N. Investigation of the molecular genetics of Drosophila synapse assembly. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/22720

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Penn State University

13. Lee, Seung Kyu. Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity.

Degree: 2012, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14934

► An apicobasal axis and the zonula adherens (ZA) are essential for the generation of membrane asymmetry during epithelial development and participate in the maintenance of… (more)

▼ An apicobasal axis and the zonula adherens (ZA) are essential for the generation of membrane asymmetry during epithelial development and participate in the maintenance of cell integrity, the migration of epithelia, cell shape, and cell position. The spectrin subunit βHeavy-spectrin (βH) is part of the apical spectrin based membrane skeleton (SBMS) that is involved in epithelial migration/morphogenesis, plasma membrane integrity, and the stabilization of the ZA. Multiple lines of evidence previously suggested that βH modulates endosomal trafficking and that the C-terminal segment 33 of βH (βH33) is an essential region for this function. Sequence analysis revealed many conserved regions withing βH33, suggesting that this region of βH directly or indirectly interacts with many factors. Truncations that remove βH33 or overexpression of βH33 causes morphological defects potentially due to abnormal signaling by a trafficking defect. I have investigated the role of the βH33 and its interaction with three factors; Annexin B9, Rac1 signaling, and PP2A PR72. The interaction with Rac1 signalling was previously unknown. The control of trafficking by βH involves its interaction with Annexin B9. Here I defined the binding sites between Annexin B9 and βH. I tested the role of Annexin B9 and βH in endosomal and DE-Cadherin trafficking using a new dominant negative version of βH and RNA mediated interference. Annexin B9 is required for efficient trafficking through the MVB and to maintain a high-fidelity apical-lateral boundary. DE-Cadherin is amongst the cargoes in this pathway. βH33 appears to be a focal point for these trafficking activities. Polarized signaling and cytoskeletal elements are required to establish apicobasal polarity as well as to create and maintain adherens junctions (AJ), which form at the boundary between the apical and basal domains. βH is recruited by the apical polarity determinant Crumbs to stabilize AJ, and Rac1 signaling is known to negatively regulate βH. Here I reported a reciprocal negative relationship between βH -spectrin and Rac1 signaling, which appears to represent the second point of a bistable switch wherein βH-spectrin also downregulates Rac1 activity consistent with βH inhibiting Rac1. Activation of Rac1 signaling by expression of the exchange factor Trio, is strongly enhanced by reducing βH levels, and heterozygosity for βH alleles results in a detectable increase in the levels of active Rac1. Sustained expression of a C-terminal fragment of βH (βH33) in the eye induces a dominant phenotype that is similar to expression of the dominant negative Rac1N17. Co-expression of βH33 and Trio suppresses this phenotype, as does knockdown of RacGAP50C. Loss-of-function alleles in pak, a Rac1 effector and negative regulator of βH, dominantly suppresses larval lethality arising from the loss-of-function karst (βH) alleles. Expression of constitutively active Pakmyr in the larval salivary gland induces expansion of the apical membrane and destabilization of the apical polarity determinant Crumbs. These… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Graham Hugh Thomas, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Melissa Rolls, Committee Member, David Scott Gilmour, Committee Member, Lorraine C Santy, Committee Member, Aimin Liu, Special Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Drosophila; spectrin; beta heavy; polarity; Annexin; PP2A; Rac1; endocytosis; karst; protein phosphatase 2A

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lee, S. K. (2012). Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14934

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lee, Seung Kyu. “Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity.” 2012. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14934.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lee, Seung Kyu. “Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity.” 2012. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lee SK. Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14934.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lee SK. Scaffolding of the C-terminal Domain of β heavy-spectrin is Involved in Trafficking and the Maintenance of Apicobasal Polarity. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2012. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14934

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Chicago

14. Diaconeasa, Bianca C. Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster.

Degree: 2014, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/18884

► The cellular basis of several metabolic diseases, such as obesity, is associated with excess of triacylglycerol (TAG) storage within lipid droplets (LDs). The changes in… (more)

▼ The cellular basis of several metabolic diseases, such as obesity, is associated with excess of triacylglycerol (TAG) storage within lipid droplets (LDs). The changes in LD physiology and metabolism depend on the complex process of lipid translocation, which occurs both intracellularly and between various tissues. Unraveling the mechanisms underlying this complex process might provide useful knowledge for designing drugs that combat the metabolic diseases associated with it. The data I present in this thesis bring novel insights into the mechanisms of lipid translocation in Drosophila melanogaster, specifically into the transport of lipids across the plasma membrane, their incorporation into lipid droplets, their mobilization from lipid droplets and their transport between larval tissues. First, I show that the cytoskeletal protein Spectrin exerts unexpected multiple effects on lipid translocation pathways in the fat body: 1) loss of the α subunit of the Spectrin tetramer alters the plasma membrane architecture and eliminates a specialized population of cortical LDs, 2) over-expression of β spectrin perturbs transport of dietary fat (due to blocking the secretion of the lipid carrier lipophorin from fat cells), 3) the toxic effects of β spectrin over-expression are rescued by co-expression of α spectrin. As a result of these data, I propose a model of lipid uptake at the plasma membrane, in which Spectrin connects the machinery responsible for lipid uptake to that of LD growth in the cytoplasm of fat cells. Second, I show that added dietary free fatty acids (FFA) are efficiently absorbed, incorporated into LDs, and mobilized by midgut enterocytes. I alsoo present evidence that complex TAGs are not efficiently absorbed, unless they are hydrolyzed into FFAs. This suggests that lumenal lipases play important roles in lipid processing in insects. Additionally, over-expression of the lipid droplet associated protein, LSD2, leads to increased amount of LDs in the midgut. Because of these lines of evidence, I propose that LSD2 acts as a gatekeeper in translocating lipids to export machinery by directing their flow into pathways of LD formation. Third, I present the results of a forward genetic screen designed to identify novel genes involved in the biological process of dietary lipid transport between tissues in Drosophila larvae. Advisors/Committee Members: Orenic, Teresa (advisor), Dubreuil, Ron R. (committee member), Schmidt, Jennifer (committee member), Alfonso, Aixa (committee member), Subbaiah, Papasani V. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Spectrin; lipid droplets; lipid uptake apparatus; lipid translocation; Drosophila larval fat body; perilipin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Diaconeasa, B. C. (2014). Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/18884

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Diaconeasa, Bianca C. “Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster.” 2014. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/18884.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Diaconeasa, Bianca C. “Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster.” 2014. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Diaconeasa BC. Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/18884.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Diaconeasa BC. Spectrin Exerts Multiple Effects on Lipid Translocation Pathways in Drosophila melanogaster. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/18884

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Baylor University

15. Chen, Tony W. The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development.

Degree: MS, Biology., 2008, Baylor University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5209

► Spectrin is a cytoskeletal protein that interacts with the plasma membrane, forming a scaffolding and playing an important role in maintenance of plasma membrane integrity… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Spectrin – Analysis.; Drosophila.; Photoreceptors.; Developmental biolgy.

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chen, T. W. (2008). The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development. (Masters Thesis). Baylor University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5209

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chen, Tony W. “The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development.” 2008. Masters Thesis, Baylor University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5209.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chen, Tony W. “The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development.” 2008. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chen TW. The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Baylor University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5209.

Council of Science Editors:

Chen TW. The role of spectrin in Drosophila photoreceptor development. [Masters Thesis]. Baylor University; 2008. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5209

Penn State University

16. Phillips, Matthew D. A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut.

Degree: 2008, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/6637

► Polarity is essential for the function of epithelial tissues. Epithelial polarity is marked by the division of the plasma membrane into apical and basolateral membrane… (more)

▼ Polarity is essential for the function of epithelial tissues. Epithelial polarity is marked by the division of the plasma membrane into apical and basolateral membrane domains, a division actively maintained by the delivery and retention of proteins in each domain. In parallel, an apicolateral junctional complex passively maintains the distinct biochemical composition of each domain by acting as a molecular fence. Both of these mechanisms for maintaining epithelial polarity depend to some degree on the cytoskeleton, a complex network of microtubules and F-Actin that is essential for polarized protein delivery, and interacts with integral membrane proteins and components of the junctional complex. The Spectrin-based membrane skeleton (SBMS) is a specialization of the actin cytoskeleton that forms a lattice on flat membranes. There it both regulates the transport of vesicles and provides a stable platform for the binding of adaptor proteins such as Ankyrin. The discovery that the Spectrin skeleton is polarized in epithelia, with different isoforms isolated to different domains, provides a mechanism to explain how differences in apical and basolateral domains are maintained. Spectrin tetramers are composed of two alpha and two beta subunits. beta-Spectrin isoforms are thought to be central for activities that contribute to the polarization of Spectrin tetramers, as well as their distinct functions. Drosophila melanogaster is ideal for studying the role of beta subunits in the function of the SBMS, since it only encodes two isoforms: a conventional beta and a beta heavy (betaH). The Drosophila Spectrin skeleton is polarized in epithelia, with basolateral (alpha/beta)2 and apical (alpha/betaH)2 tetramers. Previous results have shown that the Spectrin skeleton acts as a molecular scaffold, stabilizing a subset of membrane proteins at a particular membrane domain. However, my results point to a different effect on polarity. In betaH mutants, the apical Spectrin skeleton is lost, and defects in midgut acidification point to a loss of the apical proton-pumping V-type ATPase. Immunohistochemical work presented herein shows that the lack of midgut acidification is correlated with the loss of this V-ATPase not only from the apical membrane, but from a system of early endosomes involved in protein recycling. The early endosome pathway itself is compromised in these mutants, yet my work also shows that the delivery of apical proteins does not apparently require the SBMS. These results suggest that in betaH mutants an entire class of proteins normally recycled to and from the membrane may be prematurely degraded in the lysosome. For example, the trace mineral copper demonstrates a defective and lesser accumulation in betaH mutant midgut cells, suggesting the apically localized copper transporter Ctr-1 may also be affected. In addition, this work demonstrates functional differences in the polarizing activities of the epithelia derived from the surface ectoderm vs. the midgut. The C-terminal domain of betaH… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Carol V Gay, Committee Member, Simon Gilroy, Committee Member, Richard W Ordway, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Drosophila; midgut; cuprophilic; cell polarity; endocytosis; spectrin

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APA (6^th Edition):

Phillips, M. D. (2008). A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/6637

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Phillips, Matthew D. “A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut.” 2008. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/6637.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Phillips, Matthew D. “A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut.” 2008. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Phillips MD. A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/6637.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Phillips MD. A Novel Role for beta(Heavy)-Spectrin in Early Endosome Recycling in the Drosophila melanogaster Larval Midgut. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/6637

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

17. Tardy, Philippe. Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans.

Degree: Docteur es, Biologie cellulaire. Génétique. Neurobiologie, 2018, Lyon

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1157

►

Les canaux potassiques à deux domaines P (K2P) contrôlent l’excitabilité cellulaire et jouent un rôle central dans l’établissement et le maintien du potentiel de repos… (more)

▼

Les canaux potassiques à deux domaines P (K2P) contrôlent l’excitabilité cellulaire et jouent un rôle central dans l’établissement et le maintien du potentiel de repos membranaire dans la majorité des cellules animales. Depuis leur identification dans les années 90, ces canaux ont été impliqués dans de nombreuses fonctions comme la modulation de l’activité neuronale, l’activité du muscle cardiaque ou encore la physiologie rénale. Malgré l’importance de ces canaux, peu de données existent sur les processus cellulaires qui contrôlent leur fonction in vivo. Au cours de ma thèse, j’ai utilisé des approches génétiques, d’imagerie et d’électrophysiologie pour comprendre comment l’expression, la distribution et l’activité du canal K2P UNC-58 sont contrôlés chez le nématode modèle C. elegans.Pour cela, j’ai effectué un crible suppresseur du phénotype locomoteur du mutant gain de fonction unc-58(e665). J’ai ainsi obtenu 133 mutants présentant une large gamme de niveaux de suppression, suggérant l’implication de plusieurs gènes dans les processus de régulation du canal. En utilisant les technologies de reséquençage complet de génome, j’ai pu cloner six nouveaux gènes requis pour la fonction d’unc 58.J’ai ensuite caractérisé en détail le rôle d’unc-44/ankyrine dans le contrôle du trafic d’unc 58. Ce travail a conduit à 4 conclusions majeures : (1) UNC-58, malgré sa structure de canal potassique, possède en réalité une sélectivité ionique altérée favorisant le passage des ions sodium, (2) l’addition à UNC 58 de protéine fluorescente par approche CRISPR/Cas9 nous a permis pour la première fois d’observer directement la distribution du canal UNC-58 in vivo, (3) l’ankyrine est nécessaire à l’adressage du canal UNC-58 à la surface des muscles et dans les axones des neurones mécanosenseurs ALM. Cette fonction fait intervenir une poche d’interaction lipidique localisée au sein du module Zu5N-Zu5C-UPA d’UNC-44, (4) ce mécanisme est hautement sélectif puisqu’il n’est pas requis pour l’adressage de 6 autres canaux potassiques musculaires. Mon crible a également identifié une interaction génétique entre unc-70/ß-spectrine et unc-44/ankyrine. Toutefois, la nature moléculaire de cette interaction reste encore à préciser

Two-pore potassium channels (K2P) control cell excitability and play a central role in the establishment and the maintenance of the resting membrane potential of almost all animal cells. Since their identification in the late 90s, these channels have been implicated in a large number of functions ranging from neuronal and cardiac activity to kidney physiology. Despite the crucial functions of these channels, comparatively little is known about the cellular processes controlling their function in vivo. During my PhD, I used a wide range of strategies including genetics, microscopy and electrophysiology to understand how the expression, the distribution and the activity of the K2P channel UNC-58 are controlled in the model nematode C. elegans. I have first performed a genetic suppressor screen targeting the locomotion…

Advisors/Committee Members: Boulin, Thomas (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Canaux ionique; Ankyrine; Spectrine; C. elegans; Addressage membranaire; Ion channel; Ankyrin; Spectrin; C. elegans; Trafficking; 570

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tardy, P. (2018). Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans. (Doctoral Dissertation). Lyon. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1157

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tardy, Philippe. “Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Lyon. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1157.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tardy, Philippe. “Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tardy P. Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1157.

Council of Science Editors:

Tardy P. Caractérisation du trafic cellulaire du canal potassique à deux domaines P UNC-58 par la protéine UNC-44 chez le nématode C. elegans : Cellular traffic characterization of the two-pore domain potassium channel UNC-58 by the UNC-44/ankyrin protein in the nematode C. elegans. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Lyon; 2018. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1157

18. 清水, 忠道. ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布.

Degree: 博士(医学), 医学, 1992, Hokkaido University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49826

► Recent biochemical studies have shown that spectrin， protein 4.1, and actin form a skeletal protein network that underlines the inner surface of the erythrocyte membrane．… (more)

▼ Recent biochemical studies have shown that spectrin， protein 4.1, and actin form a skeletal protein network that underlines the inner surface of the erythrocyte membrane． The skeleton is a flexible structure that appears to be important in maintaining the shape and mechanical properties of the erythrocyte． Recent studies indicate that immunoanalogues of erythrocyte membrane skeletal proteins and ankyrin （protein 2.1） have been found in a wide variety of non－erythroid tissues． In the present study， in order to examine if human skin contains membrane skeletal proteins. immunochemical analysis was utilized using antibodies against anti－spectrin， anti-β-fodrin （non－erythroid spectrin）, anti－protein 4.1 and anti－ankyrin antibodies． Immunoblot analysis of human epidermis with anti－spectrin and anti-β-fodrin antibodies revealed that human epidermis contains 240 kDa and 235 kDa spectrin-like proteins， which might be identical to brain fodrin. Human epidermis also contains 4.1－like proteins of 80 kDa and 78 kDa that cross react with anti－protein 4.1 antibodies, and contains ankyrin－like proteins of 210 kDa that cross react with anti－ankyrin antibodies． Analysis with immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that these antibodies reacted along the plasma membranes of human epidermal keratinocytes， eccrine sweat gland cells and sweat ductal cells．These results suggest that a membrane skeletal protein lattice might exist in these cells． Cultured human epidermal keratinocyte in the low Ca2 medium （0.15 mM） showed that immunoreactive form of protein 4.1 and actin were presentdiffusely in the cytoplasm． When the cells were cultured with standardized Ca2 medium (1.85 mM）， protein 4.1 and actin were observed linearly along the cell margin and in the cytoplasm．Similar patterns of distribution were observed when anti - β – fodrin antibody was used． Movement of membrane skeletal proteins from cytosol to the membrane suggest that these proteins or membrane skeletal lattice might play an important role in the formation of intercellular junctions．

Subjects/Keywords: Membrane skeleton; Spectrin; Fodrin; Protein 4.1; Ankyrin; Human skin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

清水, �. (1992). ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布. (Doctoral Dissertation). Hokkaido University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49826

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

清水, 忠道. “ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布.” 1992. Doctoral Dissertation, Hokkaido University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49826.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

清水, 忠道. “ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布.” 1992. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

清水 �. ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Hokkaido University; 1992. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49826.

Council of Science Editors:

清水 �. ヒト皮膚における細胞膜骨格蛋白質の存在と分布. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Hokkaido University; 1992. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2115/49826

19. Wirshing, Alison C. E. Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks.

Degree: PhD, Department of Biology, 2018, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20283831

► Actin and the actin motor protein, myosin II, produce contractile actomyosin networks that drive the movements of migrating cells and produce forces that sculpt tissues… (more)

▼ Actin and the actin motor protein, myosin II, produce contractile actomyosin networks that drive the movements of migrating cells and produce forces that sculpt tissues during morphogenesis. Precise cell and tissue movements are accomplished by tight spatiotemporal regulation of actin network organization and myosin activity. Actomyosin networks are dynamic and constantly reorganized in response to biochemical signaling and mechanical forces. Disruption of the actomyosin cytoskeleton contributes to the pathophysiology of contractile tissue diseases including asthma and hypertension. Understanding the basic mechanisms regulating actomyosin networks is complicated by the fact that actin participates in more protein-protein interactions than any other protein and contraction in non-muscle cells is regulated by more than 200 specific interactions. In this work, we use the contractile cells of the C. elegans somatic gonad as an in vivo model to study actomyosin regulation during cell stretch and contraction. The spermatheca is a sack-like organ of the reproductive system that houses the sperm. During ovulation, the contractile myoepithelial cells of the spermatheca are stretched by the incoming oocyte and then contract to expel the oocyte into the uterus. This cycle of stretch and contraction occurs approximately 150 times throughout the reproductive lifespan of the animal requiring robust regulation of contractility. Here, we use a combination of genetic screening, live animal imaging, and image analysis to identify the mechanisms regulating spermathecal contractility and actomyosin network organization and maintenance. We show: (1) that contractile actomyosin bundle production and organization is driven by myosin activity, (2) the MLCK-1 is a novel Ca2+ dependent myosin light chain kinase that activates myosin in the spermatheca, (3) the spectrin cytoskeleton is required for actomyosin bundle maintenance during contraction. This work adds to our understanding of how cells regulate actomyosin contractility in an intact in vivo system.

Subjects/Keywords: actin; C. elegans; MLCK; myosin; spectrin

…Pollard, 2016). For example, spectrin and filamin crosslink actin filaments into dense… …x29; the spectrin based cytoskeleton is required for maintenance of actomyosin bundles…

10 more images…

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wirshing, A. C. E. (2018). Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks. (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20283831

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wirshing, Alison C E. “Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20283831.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wirshing, Alison C E. “Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks.” 2018. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wirshing ACE. Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20283831.

Council of Science Editors:

Wirshing ACE. Development and maintenance of functional actomyosin networks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20283831

20. MAUNG YE SWE SOE. NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION.

Degree: 2016, National University of Singapore

URL: http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/125238

Subjects/Keywords: red blood cell; viscoelasticity; aggregation; hemodynamics; bifurcation; spectrin

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

SOE, M. Y. S. (2016). NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION. (Thesis). National University of Singapore. Retrieved from http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/125238

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

SOE, MAUNG YE SWE. “NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION.” 2016. Thesis, National University of Singapore. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/125238.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

SOE, MAUNG YE SWE. “NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

SOE MYS. NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION. [Internet] [Thesis]. National University of Singapore; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/125238.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

SOE MYS. NUMERICAL STUDY OF ERYTHROCYTE MECHANICS: DEFORMATION AND AGGREGATION. [Thesis]. National University of Singapore; 2016. Available from: http://scholarbank.nus.edu.sg/handle/10635/125238

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Notre Dame

21. Fei Liu. Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>.

Degree: Chemical Engineering, 2005, University of Notre Dame

URL: https://curate.nd.edu/show/kh04dn42538

► Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been used for investigate the erythrocyte cytoskeleton structure and its stability without removing the plasma membrane by detergent treatment… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cytoskeleton; atomic force microscopy; calcium; erythrocyte; spectrin; AFM

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, F. (2005). Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>. (Thesis). University of Notre Dame. Retrieved from https://curate.nd.edu/show/kh04dn42538

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Fei. “Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>.” 2005. Thesis, University of Notre Dame. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://curate.nd.edu/show/kh04dn42538.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Fei. “Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>.” 2005. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu F. Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/kh04dn42538.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liu F. Atomic Force Microscopy of Erythrocyte Cytoskeleton</h1>. [Thesis]. University of Notre Dame; 2005. Available from: https://curate.nd.edu/show/kh04dn42538

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

22. Tak, Saurabh. Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation.

Degree: Docteur es, Biologie cellulaire et développement, 2017, Université de Strasbourg

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ054

►

L'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans a lieu en deux étapes. La première phase est permise par les contractions d’actomyosine et régulée par les kinases let-502… (more)

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L'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans a lieu en deux étapes. La première phase est permise par les contractions d’actomyosine et régulée par les kinases let-502 et pak-1. La seconde dépend des contractions musculaires (après le stade 1,7-fold). La tension fournie par ces contractions permet le recrutement de GIT-1 aux hémidesmosomes, facilitant la poursuite de l’élongation via l’activation de PAK-1 (Nature, 2011). Étonnamment, en l'absence de git-1 ou pak-1, l'élongation se poursuit, nous conduisant à émettre l'hypothèse de voies de régulation parallèles. Un crible ARNi a été réalisé pour rechercher les candidats impliqués. La majorité des candidats interagissant fortement avec git-1 appartenait au complexe dynéine-dynactine. En utilisant des allèles sensibles à la température et des protéines affectant les microtubules, nous avons décrit un rôle de la dynactine indépendant des microtubules dans l'épiderme ainsi que son interaction avec la spectraplakine vab-10 et la spectrine spc-1.

C. elegans embryonic elongation is driven by 2 forces: Actomyosin contractility and Muscle contraction (after 1.7-fold). Actomyosin contraction is regulated by the Rho kinase and the serine/threonine p21 activated kinase pak-1. Tension provided by muscle contraction recruits GIT-1 to hemidesmosomes (HD), which in turn facilitates further elongation by activating proteins such as PAK-1 (Nature 2011). Surprisingly in absence of git-1/pak-1, elongation still continues, which led us to hypothesize parallel pathways. An RNAi screen was performed to get the candidates in the parallel pathway/s. Candidates interacting strongly with git-1 belonged to the Dynein Dynactin complex. By use of temperature sensitive alleles and microtubule severing proteins, we found a microtubule independent role of Dynactin in epidermis and that dynactin functionally interacts with spectraplakin vab-10 and spectrin spc-1, which allows us to portray the role of Dynein Dynactin complex during embryonic elongation.

Advisors/Committee Members: Labouesse, Michel (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Élongation embryonnaire; PAK-1; Dynéine-dynactine; Spectraplakine; Spectrine; C. elegans embryo elongation; Dynein Dynactin; Spectraplakin; Spectrin; PAK-1; 571.8; 572.8

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tak, S. (2017). Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Strasbourg. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ054

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tak, Saurabh. “Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Strasbourg. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ054.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tak, Saurabh. “Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation.” 2017. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tak S. Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ054.

Council of Science Editors:

Tak S. Les voies de mécanotransduction entre muscles et épiderme impliquées dans l'élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans : Muscle to epidermis mechanotransduction’ pathways involved in C. elegans embryonic elongation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2017. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAJ054

23. Cortese, Matteo. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher.

Degree: Docteur es, Neurosciences, 2016, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390

►

Le syndrome d’Usher (USH) cause une surdité-cécité chez l’homme. Au moins neuf gènes responsables ont été identifiés. L’origine de l’atteinte auditive a été dévoilée par… (more)

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Le syndrome d’Usher (USH) cause une surdité-cécité chez l’homme. Au moins neuf gènes responsables ont été identifiés. L’origine de l’atteinte auditive a été dévoilée par l’analyse de souris mutantes, mais les causes de la cécité sont encore obscures. Néanmoins, unes des protéines de Usher, la myosine VIIa, a été impliquée dans le transport intracellulaire dans les photorécepteurs. Pour mieux comprendre le rôle dans la rétine, j’ai étudié l’un de ses partenaires, la spectrine βV. Nous avons conclu que cette spectrine, en collaboration avec les protéines USH1, est impliquée dans le trafic cellulaire: elle couple les moteurs (myosine VIIA, kinesine II et le complexe dynéine/dynactine) à leurs cargos en route vers le segment externe des photorécepteurs. La combinaison d’études comparatives dans les cellules ciliées (CC) de l'oreille interne de grenouille et de souris, de tests biochimiques et d’analyses phylogénétiques indique que le transport vers et depuis la surface apicale des cellules est la fonction ancestrale de cette spectrine. Chez les mammifères, une pression évolutive a engendré le recrutement de la spectrine βV à la paroi latérale des CC externes auditives, probablement pour participer à une nouvelle fonction: l’électromotilité. Enfin, j’ai étudié l’origine de la surdité dans le syndrome d’Usher III. Le seul gène causal connu est CLRN1, qui code pour la clarine-1. Nous avons conclu que la clarine-1 est nécessaire à la maturation et le maintien des touffes ciliaires des CC. De plus, la clarine-1 est essentielle pour le regroupement des canaux calciques voltage-dépendants au voisinage immédiat de la machinerie exocytotique de la synapse à ruban des CC internes.

Usher syndrome (USH) causes a combined deafness-blindness in humans. At least nine causative genes are known. While the analysis of USH knockout mice has shed light on the origin of the auditory deficit, the causes of vision loss are still unclear. Nevertheless, USH1B protein, myosin VIIa, appears to contribute to intracellular traffic in photoreceptor cells. To better understand the role of this myosin in the retina, I studied the functions of its interacting partner, spectrin βV. We found that spectrin V, along with USH1 proteins, participates in intracellular transport by coupling motor proteins (myosin VIIa, kinesin II, dynein/dynactin complex) to the cargoes en route towards the outer segment of photoreceptor cells. Evidence from comparative studies in frog and mouse inner ear, biochemical assays and phylogenetic analyses point to cargo trafficking to and from the apical cell region, as the likely ancestral function of this spectrin. Our analyses also suggest that evolutionary pressures in the mammalian lineage drove the recruitment of spectrin βV to the lateral wall of auditory outer hair cells, probably to support a new function: electromotility. Finally, I explored the origin of hearing loss in Usher syndrome of type III (USH3). So far, the only causal gene known is CLRN1, which codes for clarin-1. The comparative characterization of two…

Advisors/Committee Members: El-Amraoui, Aziz (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Clarine-1; Spectrine; Évolution; Synapse à ruban; Cellule ciliée; Syndrome de Usher; Clarin-1; Spectrin; Usher syndrome; 612.8

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cortese, M. (2016). Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cortese, Matteo. “Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cortese, Matteo. “Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher.” 2016. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Cortese M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390.

Council of Science Editors:

Cortese M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of Usher syndrome pathogenesis : Mécanismes cellulaires et moléculaires de la pathogénèse du syndrome de Usher. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris VI; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066390

Penn State University

24. Klipfell, Elizabeth Ann. IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS .

Degree: 2008, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7378

► Many proteins participate in the polarized state and are necessary for the maintenance and stabilization of cell adhesion complexes. The localization of a spectrin based… (more)

▼ Many proteins participate in the polarized state and are necessary for the maintenance and stabilization of cell adhesion complexes. The localization of a spectrin based membrane skeleton (SBMS) induced by E-Cadherin mediated cell adhesion has long been postulated to be important in establishing and/or maintaining polarized domains in epithelia. However, little is known about the linkages between the junctions, polarity complexes and the SBMS. We have previously shown that the apical SBMS has an essential role in development that is associated with the maintenance of the zonula adherens (ZA), and that the Crumbs complex, which lies just above the ZA, is connected to the actin cytoskeleton via the scaffold protein Beta-Heavy-spectrin (BetaH). Previous results in the lab provide supporting evidence for the idea that a major role for the SBMS is to stabilize membrane domains by regulating membrane turnover, and extends these models by suggesting that the apical SBMS is not merely a passive structure, but one that actively regulates protein turnover by nucleating a protein complex that normally modulates endocytosis. A primary role of this function may be to downregulate endocytosis in order to stabilize the protein composition of the associated membrane. Segment 33 of BetaH can be regarded as both a membrane anchor, and an effector domain that could contribute to ZA stability by modulating the rate of turnover of its constituent proteins. Specifically, the BetaH C-terminal segment 33 overexpression experiments suggest that it is a scaffold for a protein complex that modulates membrane turnover, and loss of this domain is correlated with ZA instability. Identifying proteins associated with the C-terminus is a necessary first step to understand the function of this membrane modulatory complex, thus a yeast 2-hybrid screen was done in attempts to find novel protein-protein interactions. . The identification of a novel gene seven times from the yeast 2-hybrid screen prompted us to further characterize its interaction with BetaH33. Since this was a novel gene, there were no available reagents to begin with. Therefore an antibody was made, and RNAi transgenic flies were created to help verify and characterize this novel protein. Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, David Scott Gilmour, Committee Member, Avery August, Committee Member, Robert Paulson, Committee Member.

Subjects/Keywords: Beta-Heavy-spectrin; Crumbs complex; spectrin based membrane skeleton; ZA instability; yeast 2-hybrid screen

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Klipfell, E. A. (2008). IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7378

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klipfell, Elizabeth Ann. “IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS .” 2008. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7378.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klipfell, Elizabeth Ann. “IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS .” 2008. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Klipfell EA. IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7378.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Klipfell EA. IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS WITH THE BETA-HEAVY-SPECTRIN C-TERMINUS . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2008. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7378

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Pasti, Gabriella. Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation.

Degree: Docteur es, Biologie du développement, 2015, Université de Strasbourg

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ068

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Mon travail se concentre sur la morphogenèse épithéliale pendant l’élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans. Ce processus s’appuie sur la transmission de signaux mécaniques, jouent un… (more)

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Mon travail se concentre sur la morphogenèse épithéliale pendant l’élongation embryonnaire de C. elegans. Ce processus s’appuie sur la transmission de signaux mécaniques, jouent un rôle essentiel également au cours de l’homéostasie tissulaire. Le gène pak-1 joue un rôle essentiel au cours des tels processus à la fois chez l’homme et dans l’élongation chez C. elegans. Nous avons montré que α-spectrine (SPC-1) est un nouveau partenaire de la kinase PAK-1. Pendant mon doctorat, j’ai confirmé que la perte simultanée de PAK-1 et de SPC-1 induit des défauts sévères d’élongation, impliquant une rétractation et un collapse général de l’embryon et suggèrent la présence de défauts biomécaniques. Mon travail était destiné à déterminer comment la perte de PAK-1 et SPC-1 influence le comportement mécanique des cellules épidermales. Cette étude permettra de mieux d’établir le rôle de SPC-1 et de PAK-1 dans la morphogenèse épithéliale et de mieux comprendre la régulation des propriétés mécaniques des cellules dans un contexte vivant.

I study epithelial morphogenesis during C. elegans embryonic elongation. This process depends on mechanical cues that also influence tissue homeostasis. The pak-1 gene plays an essential role equally during such processes in human and during C. elegans elongation. Our work identified α-spectrin (SPC-1) as a new interactor of the kinase PAK-1. During my PhD I confirmed that the simultaneous lack of PAK-1 and SPC-1 induces serious elongation defects, including a retraction and general collapse of the embryo and suggests that the mechanical properties of the epidermis are modified. My work aimed to determine how the simultaneous lack of PAK-1 and SPC-1 could influence these processes. Such studies would allow to better establish the role of SPC-1 and PAK-1 during epithelial morphogenesis and to better understand the regulation of cellular mechanical properties in the living organisms.

Advisors/Committee Members: Labouesse, Michel (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Morphogenèse épithéliale; C. elegans; PAK-1; Αlpha-spectrine; SPC-1; Mécanotransduction; Epithelial morphogenesis; C. elegans; PAK-1; Alpha-spectrin; SPC-1; Mechanotransduction; 571.8; 572.8

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pasti, G. (2015). Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Université de Strasbourg. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ068

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pasti, Gabriella. “Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Université de Strasbourg. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ068.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pasti, Gabriella. “Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation.” 2015. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pasti G. Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ068.

Council of Science Editors:

Pasti G. Etude du rôle des propriétés mécaniques des cellules de l'épiderme au cours de l'allongement des embryons de C. elegans : Genetic analysis of epidermal cells mechanical properties during C. elegans embryonic elongation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Université de Strasbourg; 2015. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAJ068

Penn State University

26. Tjota, Monika. The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster .

Degree: 2010, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11540

► Apicobasal polarity is an essential and defining property of epithelial cells. Such polarity is determined by precise cellular mechanisms that include endocytosis and cytoskeletal rearrangement.… (more)

▼ Apicobasal polarity is an essential and defining property of epithelial cells. Such polarity is determined by precise cellular mechanisms that include endocytosis and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Beta heavy-spectrin (bH) is a cytoskeletal protein that is localized to the apical surface of epithelial tissues. bH has been hypothesized to be involved in endocytosis because the early endosome marker Rab5 is lost from karst(bH)mutant midgut cells. Furthermore, the overexpression of C-terminal region of bH leads to the formation of an expanded apical membrane. The bilayer of this expanded apical membrane is folded and adhered together, forming a ‘bimembrane’ structure that sequesters the GTPase Dynamin, a protein that is involved in vesicle pinching from the plasma membrane. Also present in these bimembranes is Annexin B9 (AnxB9), a calcium dependent membrane binding protein of a class that is thought to be participating in protein transport processes. A previous genome-wide analysis found that AnxB9, one of the three annexins in the fly, physically interacts with bH. These results suggest that AnxB9 and bH collaborate in the regulation of protein trafficking. I examined the consequences of AnxB9 loss-of-function by reducing the level of AnxB9 in salivary glands through RNA mediated interference. In the cells lacking AnxB9, bH was found to be mislocalized from its canonical apical location and to be increased in the basolateral domain. Furthermore, bH was found to accumulate on cytoplasmic structures which were connected to the basolateral membrane, and which stain for the multivesicular body/late endosome markers, Hrs and Vps16. This leads to the hypothesis that AnxB9 is participating in the formation of multivesicular body along with bH. Since colocalization of cytoplasmic bH with Hrs had been found under other conditions, it seems very likely that bH has a role in the endosomal trafficking system and that AnxB9 interacts with bH in the endosomal compartments. Crumbs, an apical polarity determinant, recruits bH to the apical domain via its FERM binding domain. I found that the distribution of Crumbs was not affected by a reduction of AnxB9 suggesting that AnxB9, like bH, is downstream of this protein. However, I found that upon reducing the level of AnxB9, the apical-lateral boundary was degraded. The basolateral septate junction markers, Coracle and Dlg were also relocated to cytoplasmic structures that colocalized closely with bH and Hrs. These results suggest that AnxB9 has a role inmaintaining the proper segregation at the boundary between the apical and lateral membranes.These findings lead to the hypothesis that AnxB9 is involved in maintaining the basolateral polarity. In addition, I discovered a novel role for AnxB9 in keeping a balanced environment for cells during stress. Knocking down AnxB9 levels made the endosomal trafficking system very vulnerable to heat shock and an increase in the number of structures labeled by multivesicular body markers was seen. In summary, I have uncovered several novel… Advisors/Committee Members: Graham Hugh Thomas, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor, Graham Hugh Thomas, Thesis Advisor/Co-Advisor.

Subjects/Keywords: drosophila melanogaster; endocytosis; annexin b9; beta heavy spectrin; multivesicular body

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tjota, M. (2010). The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster . (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11540

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tjota, Monika. “The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster .” 2010. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11540.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tjota, Monika. “The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster .” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Tjota M. The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster . [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11540.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tjota M. The Endocytic Roles of Annexin B9 in Drosophila melanogaster . [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2010. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/11540

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Texas Medical Center

27. Cho, Kyucheol. CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX.

Degree: PhD, 2010, Texas Medical Center

URL: https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/48

► Xenopus ARVCF (xARVCF), a member of p120-catenin subfamily, binds cadherin cytoplasmic domains to enhance cadherin metabolic stability, or when dissociated, modulates Rho-family GTPases. We previously… (more)

▼ Xenopus ARVCF (xARVCF), a member of p120-catenin subfamily, binds cadherin cytoplasmic domains to enhance cadherin metabolic stability, or when dissociated, modulates Rho-family GTPases. We previously found that xARVCF binds directly to Xenopus KazrinA (xKazrinA), a widely expressed, conserved protein that bears little homology to established protein families. xKazrinA is also known to influence keratinocyte proliferation-differentiation and cytoskeletal activity. In my study, I first evaluated the expression pattern of endogenous Kazrin RNA and protein in Xenopus embryogenesis as well as in adult tissues. We then collaboratively predicted the helical structure of Kazrin’s coiled-coil domain, and I obtained evidence of Kazrin’s dimerization/oligomerization. In considering the intracellular localization of the xARVCF-catenin:xKazrin complex, I did not resolve xKazrinA in a larger ternary complex with cadherin, nor did I detect its co-precipitation with core desmosomal components. Instead, screening revealed that xKazrinA binds spectrin. This suggested a potential means by which xKazrinA localizes to cell-cell junctions, and indeed, biochemical assays confirmed a ternary xARVCF:xKazrinA:xβ2-spectrin complex. Functionally, I demonstrated that xKazrin stabilizes cadherins by negatively modulating the RhoA small-GTPase. I further revealed that xKazrinA binds to p190B RhoGAP (an inhibitor of RhoA), and enhances p190B’s association with xARVCF. Supporting their functional interaction in vivo, Xenopus embryos depleted of xKazrin exhibited ectodermal shedding, a phenotype that could be rescued with exogenous xARVCF. Cell shedding appeared to be caused by RhoA activation, which consequently altered actin organization and cadherin function. Indeed, I was capable of rescuing Kazrin depletion with ectopic expression of p190B RhoGAP. In addition, I obtained evidence that xARVCF and xKazrin participate in craniofacial development, with effects observed upon the neural crest. Finally, I found that xKazrinA associates further with delta-catenin and p0071-catenin, but not with p120-catenin, suggesting that Kazrin interacts selectively with additional members of the p120-catenin sub-family. Taken together, my study supports Kazrin’s essential role in development, and reveals KazrinA’s biochemical and functional association with ARVCF-catenin, spectrin and p190B RhoGAP. Advisors/Committee Members: Pierre D. McCrea, Ph.D., Michelle C. Barton, Ph.D., Warren S. Liao, Ph.D..

Subjects/Keywords: Kazrin; ARVCF; Cadherin; Catenin; spectrin; p190B; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cho, K. (2010). CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX. (Doctoral Dissertation). Texas Medical Center. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/48

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cho, Kyucheol. “CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, Texas Medical Center. Accessed January 18, 2021. https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/48.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cho, Kyucheol. “CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX.” 2010. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Cho K. CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Texas Medical Center; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/48.

Council of Science Editors:

Cho K. CELLULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL FUNCTIONS OF THE XENOPUS ARVCF-CATENIN:KAZRIN COMPLEX. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Texas Medical Center; 2010. Available from: https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/48

University of Minnesota

28. Armbrust, Karen Rose. Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5.

Degree: PhD, Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics, 2009, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109346

► Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease of the cerebellum caused by mutations in the SPTBN2 gene, which encodes the protein… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Ataxia; EAAT4; mGluR1; Mouse; SCA; Spectrin; Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Armbrust, K. R. (2009). Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/109346

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Armbrust, Karen Rose. “Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://purl.umn.edu/109346.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Armbrust, Karen Rose. “Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5.” 2009. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Armbrust KR. Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/109346.

Council of Science Editors:

Armbrust KR. Murine models of spinocerebellar ataxia type 5. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/109346

University of Minnesota

29. Lorenzo Vila, Damaris Nadia. Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5).

Degree: PhD, 2009, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109920

► Spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5) is a dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the SPBTN2 gene encoding the cytoskeletal protein beta-III spectrin. To get… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Ataxia,; Drosophila,; Intracellular transport; Neurodegeneration; Spectrin; SPTBN2; Molecular, Cellular, Developmental Biology and Genetics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lorenzo Vila, D. N. (2009). Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/109920

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lorenzo Vila, Damaris Nadia. “Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5).” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://purl.umn.edu/109920.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lorenzo Vila, Damaris Nadia. “Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5).” 2009. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lorenzo Vila DN. Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/109920.

Council of Science Editors:

Lorenzo Vila DN. Role of spectrin mutations in spinocerebellar ataxia type five (SCA5). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2009. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/109920

University of British Columbia

30. Wong, Simon Yuk Chun. A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies.

Degree: PhD, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 1988, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29217

► Biochemical and immunological studies indicate that rod outer segments (ROS) of bovine photoreceptor cells contain a Mr 240,000 polypeptide related to the ∝-subunit of red… (more)

▼ Biochemical and immunological studies indicate that rod outer segments (ROS) of bovine photoreceptor cells contain a Mr 240,000 polypeptide related to the ∝-subunit of red blood cell (RBC) spectrin. With the use of sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis in conjunction with the immunoblotting technique, monoclonal antibody 4B2 was found to bind to a Mr 240,000 polypeptide in ROS that is distinct from the prominent Mr 220,000 concanavalin A binding glycoprotein. The Mr 240,000 polypeptide is highly susceptible to degradation by endogenous proteases. It does not appear to be an integral membrane protein but is tightly membrane associated since it can be partially extracted from ROS membranes with urea in the absence of detergent. The 4B2 antibody cross-reacted with RBC ghost membranes and bovine brain microsomal membranes. Radioimmune assays and immunoblotting analysis of purified bovine RBC spectrin further revealed that the 4B2 antibody predominantly labelled the ∝-chain of RBC spectrin having an apparent Mr of 240,000. Monoclonal antibody 3A6 was found to bind to a polypeptide with a slightly lower Mr than the 4B2-specific polypeptide. It is also highly susceptible to degradation by endogenous proteases, but unlike the 4B2 antibody, it predominantly labelled the β-chain of RBC spectrin having an apparent M of 220,000. Polyclonal anti-spectrin antibodies that bound to both the ∝ - and β-chain of RBC spectrin predominantly labelled a Mr 240,000 polypeptide of ROS membranes. Two faintly labelled bands in the Mr range of 210,000-220,000 were also observed. These components may represent variants of the β -chain of spectrin that are weakly cross-reacting or present in smaller quantities than the ∝-chain. Immunocytochemical labelling studies using the 4B2 antibody and immunogold-dextran markers indicated that the ROS spectrin-like protein is preferentially localized in the region where the discs come in close contact to the plasma membrane of ROS. Immunoblotting analysis indicated that rhodopsin and peripherin which constitute over 90% of total disc membrane proteins were selectively solubilized in Triton X-100, whereas a set of polypeptides including the 4B2-specific polypeptide and the Mr 220,000 concanavalin A-binding glycoprotein was only partially soluble. Electron microscopy of a negatively stained Triton-extracted ROS pellet revealed a filamentous network. These studies indicate that ROS contain a protein related to RBC spectrin, which may constitute a major component of a filamentous network lining the inner surface of the ROS plasma membrane as previously seen by electron microscopy. This membrane skeletal system may serve to stabilize the ordered ROS structure and maintain a constant distance between the rim region of the discs and the plasma membrane.

Subjects/Keywords: Blood proteins; Photoreceptors; Monoclonal antibodies; Rhodopsin; Spectrin; Photoreceptors; Antibodies, Monoclonal

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wong, S. Y. C. (1988). A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29217

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wong, Simon Yuk Chun. “A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies.” 1988. Doctoral Dissertation, University of British Columbia. Accessed January 18, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29217.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wong, Simon Yuk Chun. “A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies.” 1988. Web. 18 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Wong SYC. A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of British Columbia; 1988. [cited 2021 Jan 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29217.

Council of Science Editors:

Wong SYC. A spectrin-like protein in bovine retinal rod photoreceptor outer segments as defined by monoclonal antibodies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of British Columbia; 1988. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29217

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