subject:(Soil organic matter)

University of Georgia

1. Cyle, Kevin Taylor. Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil.

Degree: MS, Crop and Soil Sciences, 2015, University of Georgia

URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cyle_kevin_t_201505_ms

► Increasing soil organic matter (SOM) persistence through land management requires a better understanding of the mechanisms that control soil organic matter dynamics. The conversion of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cyle, K. T. (2015). Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil. (Masters Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cyle_kevin_t_201505_ms

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cyle, Kevin Taylor. “Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cyle_kevin_t_201505_ms.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cyle, Kevin Taylor. “Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil.” 2015. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Cyle KT. Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cyle_kevin_t_201505_ms.

Council of Science Editors:

Cyle KT. Soil organic matter dynamics in a grazed pasture: decomposition of high quality substrates promotes accumulation of organic matter in silt and clay fractions of soil. [Masters Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2015. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/cyle_kevin_t_201505_ms

Cornell University

2. Ptak, Corey. Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony .

Degree: 2013, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33832

► Antimony (Sb) is a metalloid belonging to group 15 of the periodic table. Chemical similarities between arsenic (As) and Sb produce concerns about potential health… (more)

▼ Antimony (Sb) is a metalloid belonging to group 15 of the periodic table. Chemical similarities between arsenic (As) and Sb produce concerns about potential health effects of Sb and enrichment in the Environment. Sb is found in the environment as an oxyanionic species, antimonate (Sb(OH)6-). As a result of its net negative charge, antimonate was not initially predicted to have strong interactions with natural organic matter. It has been suggested that oxyanionic species could bind the negatively charged organic matter via a ternary complexation mechanism, in which cationic metals mediate the strong association between organic matter functional groups and oxyanions. The structure of these complexes remains poorly characterized. XANES spectroscopy was performed on organic soils amended with increasing iron levels in order to elucidate the structure of organically complexed iron. Humic acid complexes of iron were also synthesized and examined using XANES and Mossbauer spectroscopy. Two distinct iron sites were found in organic materials. A monomeric iron site and an oligomeric site consisting of small clusters of iron at sub-oxide levels. Phosphate exchangeable Sb was predicted to represent the majority of soil bound Sb. However, phosphate extractable Sb from soils is lower than anticipated. The affect to phosphate on Sb retention in organic soils was examined. Phosphate addition significantly reduced Sb retention in organic soils treated with Fe. The influence of organically complexed Fe on the mobility of Sb was assessed. Increasing Fe amendments resulted in an increase in Sb retention in organic soils. Further examination of the bioavailability of Sb to maize seedlings as a function of organically complexed Fe was examined using a greenhouse study. An unexpected increase in plant tissue Sb was observed as organically complexed Fe increased, which was not predicted by extractions commonly used to assess bioavailable Sb. Extraction of soils with organic acids common to the maize rhizosphere suggested that organic acid exudation can readily mobilize Sb bound by organic iron complexes. Overall, iron complexes in soil organic materials were found to have significant implications on mobility and bioavailability of Sb. Additionally, methods used to assess bioavailable Sb underestimate Sb mobility in organic soils. Advisors/Committee Members: Ahner, Beth A (committeeMember), Duxbury, John M (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: Antimony; Soil Organic Matter; Iron

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ptak, C. (2013). Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33832

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ptak, Corey. “Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony .” 2013. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33832.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ptak, Corey. “Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony .” 2013. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Ptak C. Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33832.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ptak C. Formation Of Iron Complexes In Soil Organic Matter And Their Influence On Mobility And Bioavailability Of Antimony . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33832

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

3. Moata, Melinda Rosita Secentin. Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms.

Degree: 2016, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102557

► The elemental composition (stoichiometry) of soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the dynamics of nutrient transformations in terrestrial ecosystems. Many previous studies… (more)

▼ The elemental composition (stoichiometry) of soil organic matter (SOM) plays an important role in the dynamics of nutrient transformations in terrestrial ecosystems. Many previous studies have reported several factors affect the stoichiometry of SOM (e.g. climate, land use, soil properties) and confirmed a relatively constrained stoichiometry of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). On the other hand, correlations of C and N to phosphorus (P) in SOM are usually much weaker. This can partly be attributed to the fact that soils contain substantial quantities of inorganic as well as organic P. Some studies have reported stronger correlations of organic P than total P to the key elements of SOM (i.e. C and N), though are still not as strong as between C and N (mostly present as organic N). There are multiple possible reasons for this, including limitations in the way organic P is measured and the diversity of organic P forms that may be present in soils. Recent advances in solution ³¹P NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) analysis provide an opportunity to reassess the stoichiometry of P in SOM, as NMR provides a detailed and quantitative assessment of the various classes of organic P present in soils. Thus the implementation of solution ³¹P NMR analysis facilitates investigation of whether the weak overall stoichiometric relationships of P in SOM may be masking stronger stoichiometric control of particular SOM components or chemical forms. These issues are agronomic and environmental importance because organic phosphorus represents a substantial pool of P in soils. Although organic P is not directly plant available, it can become available to plants through microbial mineralisation. Understanding the processes involved would be of potential benefit to agricultural producers in assessing P fertility of soils and better estimating P fertiliser requirements and also to environmental managers in assessing the risk of P transfer from soils to water ways where excess P is a major cause of eutrophication. This thesis describes a range of activities aimed at improving understanding the role of stoichiometry of P in SOM. The main limitation of solution ³¹P NMR spectroscopy as a method for analysis of soil P is the inherently low sensitivity of NMR. This results in long acquisition times (typically one day per sample) and hence low sample throughput. Furthermore, low sensitivity limits detection and quantification of species present in low concentrations. The first part of this thesis reports on efforts to improve sensitivity by tightening the ratio of soil to solution in the extraction step preceding NMR analysis. The most commonly used procedure involves extraction with a mixture of NaOH and EDTA at a ratio of 1:20. A range of tighter extraction ratios down to 1:4 were tested for a set of four Red Chromosol topsoils with low P contents, and it was shown that at lower extraction ratios the signal to noise ratio of spectra was improved with little or no loss in extraction efficiency, there was no loss in signal resolution and no difference in… Advisors/Committee Members: McNeill, Ann Marie (advisor), Smernik, Ronald Josef (advisor), Macdonald, Lynne (advisor), Doolette, Ashlea (advisor), School of Agriculture, Food and Wine (school).

Subjects/Keywords: soil phosphorus; stoichiometry; soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Moata, M. R. S. (2016). Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Moata, Melinda Rosita Secentin. “Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms.” 2016. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Moata, Melinda Rosita Secentin. “Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms.” 2016. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Moata MRS. Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102557.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Moata MRS. Investigating the role of stoichiometry as an influence on soil phosphorus content and forms. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/102557

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Technical University of Lisbon

4. Morillo Sierra, Alberto. Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo.

Degree: 2012, Technical University of Lisbon

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5468

►

Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de Agronomia

The food production is not only one of the main pillars of the Society but… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: organic waste; soil; mineralization; organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morillo Sierra, A. (2012). Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5468

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morillo Sierra, Alberto. “Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo.” 2012. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5468.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morillo Sierra, Alberto. “Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo.” 2012. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Morillo Sierra A. Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2012. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5468.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Morillo Sierra A. Estudo do comportamento de residuos orgânicos no solo. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2012. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5468

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

5. Mitchell, Perry. Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization.

Degree: 2013, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35643

►

Irrigation using reclaimed wastewater can introduce organic contaminants and dissolved organic matter (DOM) to soils. Sorption of three common organic wastewater contaminants to five soils… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: organic contaminants; dissolved organic matter; sorption; organic geochemistry; soil; soil organic matter; 0486

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mitchell, P. (2013). Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35643

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mitchell, Perry. “Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35643.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mitchell, Perry. “Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization.” 2013. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Mitchell P. Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35643.

Council of Science Editors:

Mitchell P. Wastewater Contaminant Sorption and Dissolved Organic Matter Characterization. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/35643

Virginia Tech

6. Sequeira, Cleiton Henrique. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region.

Degree: PhD, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, 2011, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37381

► Soil organic matter (SOM) is a well known indicator of soil quality due to its direct influence on soil properties such as structure, soil stability,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: soil nitrogen fractions; soil carbon fractions; soil quality; soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sequeira, C. H. (2011). Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37381

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sequeira, Cleiton Henrique. “Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37381.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sequeira, Cleiton Henrique. “Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region.” 2011. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Sequeira CH. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2011. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37381.

Council of Science Editors:

Sequeira CH. Soil Organic Matter Dynamics in Cropping Systems of Virginiaâ s Valley Region. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37381

University of Vermont

7. Hampsch, Alyson. Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont.

Degree: MS, Geology, 2016, University of Vermont

URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/660

► Soils represent an important terrestrial carbon (C) sink, storing up to three times the amount of atmospheric C, however climate and land use changes… (more)

▼ Soils represent an important terrestrial carbon (C) sink, storing up to three times the amount of atmospheric C, however climate and land use changes may transform soils into C sources. River corridor (RC) soils and associated C are at risk to become mobilized by erosion such as bank failure and scour events. Once soil-derived organic C is transferred into the stream, microbial processes and photodegradation of the dissolved, labile (or bioavailable) fractions can lead to the production of CO2, which can evade and increase atmospheric CO2 levels. Because predicted increases in heavy precipitation will likely increase this type of riverine erosion, it is important to better understand the potential for the release of bioavailable C from RCs. One objective of this thesis was therefore to identify and characterize representative samples of soils from a typical Vermont RC for common land covers and simulate the production of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during riverine soil erosion. Field sites representative of typical agricultural and forested land uses were selected based on the analysis of 106 existing samples and resampled multiple times over the summer of 2015. Production of DOM from riverine erosion was simulated using aqueous soil extracts (ASE), where soil and water were shaken at fixed ratios followed by the separation of the extract. To study the characteristics of these extracts (which serve as analogue of stream water after erosion), water extractable C (WEOC) concentrations, water extractable nitrogen, fluorescence properties of DOM, and bioavailability were determined. Results indicated a common, dominantly terrestrial source material for all land covers, but C concentrations and fluorescence properties differed. High but variable amounts of soil organic C and WEOC were observed in agricultural riparian and agricultural stream bank samples, and lower concentrations in agricultural field, forest, forest riparian, and forest stream banks. WEOC bioavailability was high in all agricultural land covers and low in forested land covers. Because this study is the first in which ASE are used as analogues for stream water after riverine erosion, a second objective was to test laboratory methods used in this study for their effect on WEOC, fluorescence properties, and bioavailability. Specifically, the effects of soil drying, soil storage, and the effects of the extraction solution were tested. For this, ASE were prepared from soils that were field moist, dried, and after two years of storage. In addition, dried soils were extracted using different solutions including a salt solution, river water, and double deionized (DDI) water. Results indicated WEOC concentration and microbial humic-like fluorescence from extracts of dried soils were higher than those in extracts of field moist soils, while WEOC concentration and microbial humic-like fluorescence was highest in extracts of soils stored long term. In addition, the bioavailability of WEOC was higher in dried soils than field moist soils. The… Advisors/Committee Members: Julia N. Perdrial.

Subjects/Keywords: Aqueous Soil Extract; River Corridor; Soil Organic Carbon; Soil Organic Matter; Soil Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hampsch, A. (2016). Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont. (Thesis). University of Vermont. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/660

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hampsch, Alyson. “Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont.” 2016. Thesis, University of Vermont. Accessed September 19, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/660.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hampsch, Alyson. “Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont.” 2016. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Hampsch A. Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/660.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hampsch A. Using Aqueous Soil Extracts to Study Organic Matter Leaching From Soils of Different River Corridor Land Covers in Vermont. [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/660

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

8. Jauss, Sabine-Verena. Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States .

Degree: 2016, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43705

► Given its slow turnover rates in soil, pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is considered an important carbon pool and relevant to global environmental change processes. Research on… (more)

▼ Given its slow turnover rates in soil, pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is considered an important carbon pool and relevant to global environmental change processes. Research on PyC has expanded greatly over recent years, but the core factors influencing its production, aggregation and dispersion still require elucidation. This dissertation contributes to this literature by examining PyC content in soils and its correlation with environmental predictors. Using mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) and partial least-squares (PLS) analysis in conjunction with ultraviolet photo-oxidation followed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (UV-NMR) techniques, amounts of PyC were quantified for samples from soil profiles across different ecoregions in the United States. The first chapter focused on a soil catena in the Pacific Northwest. Expanding on a previously established method to predict soil properties with depth, equal-area quadratic splines were used to calculate PyC stocks within a soil profile. Presumably due to the pervasive combustion of grass and cereals, stock sizes were lowest at the agricultural sites (0.71 kg m-2; 10% of SOC). In contrast, the highest PyC stocks were found under cooler and moister conditions at a forested site dominated by Douglas Fir (5.66 kg m-2; 16% of SOC). The second chapter assessed PyC contents from topsoils at 165 field sites in the northeastern United States. Three spatial models under a newly developed Bayesian framework were applied to the data in order to relate critical environmental covariates to changes in spatial density of PyC over the landscape. Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) demonstrated that the Multivariate Linear Regression model performed best (r2=0.6; p<<0.0001), giving global mean density estimates for PyC of 25.8 g kg-1 (12.2 Gg km-2). Soil PyC correlated well with total soil sulfur (p<<0.001; n = 165), plant tissue lignin (p=0.003), and drainage class (p=0.008). In the third chapter, samples from soil catenae at five diverse Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites were examined for PyC content, which ranged from 9.8-56.4 mg g-1 between sites. Statistically, PyC was found to have a significant relationship with the environmental variables soil drainage (p<<0.0001), mean annual precipitation (p=0.007), mean annual temperature (p=0.038), vegetation (p=0.003) and silt-clay (p=0.086). Advisors/Committee Members: Jordan,Teresa Eileen (committeeMember), DeGloria,Stephen Daniel (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: pyrogenic carbon; climate change; soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jauss, S. (2016). Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43705

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jauss, Sabine-Verena. “Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States .” 2016. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43705.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jauss, Sabine-Verena. “Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States .” 2016. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Jauss S. Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43705.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jauss S. Pyrogenic Carbon Distribution And Controls In Soils Of The United States . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43705

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

9. Ryan, Maeve Elizabeth. Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2019, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206142

► The turnover of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi accounts for up to half of the organic carbon found in forest soils and therefore represents an important pathway… (more)

▼ The turnover of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi accounts for up to half of the organic carbon found in forest soils and therefore represents an important pathway for the removal of carbon from the atmosphere to be stored belowground as long-lived soil organic matter (SOM). Understanding the flux of fungal necromass inputs to SOM, and their subsequent stabilization potential in forest soils, requires an understanding of the chemical changes that occur during the degradation of fungal tissue. Additionally, it is hypothesized that degradation of fungal necromass is slowed by high melanin content and accelerated by high nitrogen content. A field degradation study was carried out at the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve in East Bethel, Minnesota. Necromass from four species of ECM fungi with varying degrees of melanization was buried in litter bags in a Pinus-dominated forest below the soil litter layer, allowed to degrade naturally, and harvested nine times over a period of 90 days. Harvest was more frequent during the first week to gain insight into the dynamic early decomposition period. Elemental analysis (EA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermochemolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (pyGCMS), including novel methods of quantifying the contribution from various types of biopolymers to the total remaining tissue, supplement mass loss data to provide an overview of the chemical changes that occur as fungal necromass decomposes. Each of the four species lost a significant amount of mass in the first seven days of incubation but, at the end of the three-month degradation sequence, a significant fraction of fungal necromass remained. This necromass was chemically distinct from undegraded necromass, containing more aromatic compounds, suggesting that the relative abundance of melanin, which is highly aromatic, increased as other cellular components degraded away. Although melanin content was hypothesized to slow degradation, a high-melanin species degraded at effectively the same rate as the two low-melanin species. Differences in degradation rates across species can be attributed to initial nitrogen content, while melanin content could explain differences in degradation rate within a species.

Subjects/Keywords: degradation; fungus; mycorrhiza; soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ryan, M. E. (2019). Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206142

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ryan, Maeve Elizabeth. “Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter.” 2019. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206142.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ryan, Maeve Elizabeth. “Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter.” 2019. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Ryan ME. Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2019. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206142.

Council of Science Editors:

Ryan ME. Factors Controlling the Decomposition of Ectomycorrhizal Fungal Tissue and the Formation of Soil Organic Matter. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/206142

Colorado State University

10. Campbell, Eleanor Elizabeth. Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems.

Degree: PhD, Ecology, 2015, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167140

► Soil organic matter (SOM) is a complex, dynamic, and highly variable soil constituent that is of fundamental importance to many soil functions, terrestrial ecosystem processes,… (more)

▼ Soil organic matter (SOM) is a complex, dynamic, and highly variable soil constituent that is of fundamental importance to many soil functions, terrestrial ecosystem processes, and biogeochemical cycles. Its importance extends across scales, ranging from site-specific impacts on soil fertility to the global net exchange of carbon between terrestrial systems and the atmosphere. Soil organic matter is impacted by human activities, as seen most directly in agricultural systems. In this context, SOM models play an important role in integrating the understanding of complex, interacting soil processes across temporal and spatial scales, contributing to land use decision making by providing comparative evaluation of soil impacts associated with different management practices. Crop-based bioenergy feedstock productions systems are an emerging area for these types of SOM model applications. However, model evaluations are dependent on the theoretical basis of a given SOM model, as well as the quality of data used to drive the model for a given system or management scenario. This study therefore explores linkages between advances in the theoretical understanding of SOM dynamics, the development of SOM models to reflect these advances, and the application of SOM models to assess crop-based bioenergy production systems. First, five emerging areas in SOM research were reviewed in the context of SOM models, including SOM stabilization mechanisms, saturation kinetics, temperature sensitivity, dynamics in deep soils, and incorporation into earth system models. These reviews demonstrated the importance of identifying where SOM model development and applications are most limited, whether in theoretical understanding, in model implementation, or in data availability. For example, SOM saturation kinetics is theoretically well understood but remains difficult to implement in SOM models, only yielding improvements in a narrow set of ecological conditions. SOM temperature sensitivity and deep soil dynamics, however, are more limited by poor data availability in addition to poor theoretical understanding of interacting processes. A selection of shortfalls in SOM modeling were then addressed and explored with the Litter Decomposition and Leaching (LIDEL) model, a litter decomposition model that incorporates dynamic microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and yields dissolved organic carbon (DOC) as one of the byproducts of litter decomposition. In this analysis a hierarchical Bayesian statistical approach was used to test model performance and estimate unknown model parameters using experimental data. While this analysis showed the LIDEL model successfully integrates hypotheses for litter nitrogen and lignin controls on dynamic microbial CUE and the generation of DOC from litter decomposition, there remains a great deal of uncertainty in the rate of microbial biomass turnover as well as the proportioning of biomass from microbial turnover between solid versus soluble microbial products. Targeted experimental evaluation of the generation of… Advisors/Committee Members: Paustian, Keith (advisor), Parton, William B. (committee member), Cotrufo, M. Francesca (committee member), Reardon, Kenneth F. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Crop-based Bioenergy; Soil Organic Matter; Sugarcane; DAYCENT; Corn Stover; Soil Organic Matter Modeling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Campbell, E. E. (2015). Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167140

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Campbell, Eleanor Elizabeth. “Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado State University. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167140.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Campbell, Eleanor Elizabeth. “Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems.” 2015. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Campbell EE. Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167140.

Council of Science Editors:

Campbell EE. Modeling soil organic matter : theory, development, and applications in bioenergy cropping systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado State University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/167140

University of California – Merced

11. Abney, Rebecca Brianne. The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests.

Degree: Environmental Systems, 2017, University of California – Merced

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0mb6v7p2

► Wildfire and erosion are major perturbations to the global carbon cycle in dynamic, fire-affected ecosystems around the world, including temperate forest ecosystems in the Sierra… (more)

▼ Wildfire and erosion are major perturbations to the global carbon cycle in dynamic, fire-affected ecosystems around the world, including temperate forest ecosystems in the Sierra Nevada. As a byproduct of fires, pyrogenic carbon (PyC) is formed due to incomplete combustion of biomass. PyC constitutes an important component of the soil carbon pool and has been noted for its long residence time in soil and its susceptibility to erosion. As part of my dissertation research, I determined the rate of PyC, bulk soil carbon, and other soil constituents erosion after two wildfires: the Gondola Fire that occurred in South Lake Tahoe in 2002, and the Rim Fire that affected parts of Yosemite National Park in 2013. I found significant and preferential erosion of PyC, and vertical mobilization of PyC down into the soil profile after the fires. The preferential erosion of PyC, and overall quality of the soil and eroded sediments were controlled by burn severity, with PyC from higher burn severity sites being more preferentially eroded. To assess the fate of PyC post-fire in dynamic landscapes, I incubated chars formed at different temperatures in soils from eroding and depositional landform positions. Both charring temperature and landform position played significant roles in controlling soil respiration, with the lower temperature chars and the soil from the depositional landform position having much higher respiration than higher temperature chars and the soil from the eroding landform position. The difference in breakdown rates of PyC in soil from different landform positions demonstrates the importance of considering landform position as a control on PyC persistence in soil and that the interaction between charring temperature and landform position plays a significant role in the persistence of PyC. The post-fire erosional transport of PyC may act in a feedback to enhance or decrease overall PyC and bulk carbon stocks in soil. In a modeling exercise, I showed that explicit consideration for erosional loss (from eroding slope positions) and depositional gain (in lower-lying depositional landform positions) of PyC in soil can have its mean residence time in soil. I found that ignoring the role of erosional lateral distribution on PyC dynamics can introduce error in estimated turnover times of up to 150 years. Among the major accomplishments of my dissertation project include the realistic integration of biogeochemical and geomorphological approaches to derive improved representation of mechanisms that regulate soil carbon persistence in dynamic landscapes that routinely experience more than one perturbation. Findings from my dissertation research will have far reaching implications for improving our understanding of fate of terrestrial carbon after it enters streams and other aquatic systems. Furthermore, results of this project will play important role in establishing how the interaction of fire and erosion will play out under anticipated climate change scenarios, and the implications of these interactions on biogeochemical…

Subjects/Keywords: Soil sciences; Biogeochemistry; Ecology; Erosion; Fire; organic matter stabilization; Pyrogenic carbon; Soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Abney, R. B. (2017). The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests. (Thesis). University of California – Merced. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0mb6v7p2

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Abney, Rebecca Brianne. “The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests.” 2017. Thesis, University of California – Merced. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0mb6v7p2.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Abney, Rebecca Brianne. “The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests.” 2017. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Abney RB. The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Merced; 2017. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0mb6v7p2.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Abney RB. The role of erosion in soil organic matter and pyrogenic carbon dynamics in fire-prone temperate forests. [Thesis]. University of California – Merced; 2017. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0mb6v7p2

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Saskatchewan

12. Mycock, Amanda. Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils.

Degree: 2011, University of Saskatchewan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-07-17

► Forest vegetation dieback has occurred around Flin Flon, Manitoba and Creighton, Saskatchewan since the beginning of the 20th century, when sulphide ore smelting began in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soil; soil organic matter; smelter; forest dieback; carbon; nitrogen; soil quality.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mycock, A. (2011). Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils. (Thesis). University of Saskatchewan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-07-17

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mycock, Amanda. “Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils.” 2011. Thesis, University of Saskatchewan. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-07-17.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mycock, Amanda. “Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils.” 2011. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Mycock A. Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-07-17.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mycock A. Characterizing organic matter and nutrient status in smelter-affected soils. [Thesis]. University of Saskatchewan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10388/ETD-2011-07-17

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado State University

13. Leichty, Sarah Irene. RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Ecology (Graduate Degree Program), 2019, Colorado State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197335

► Soil plays an essential role in storing carbon (C) and nutrients regulating climate and sustaining food production. As such, it is important to understand how… (more)

▼ Soil plays an essential role in storing carbon (C) and nutrients regulating climate and sustaining food production. As such, it is important to understand how human activities affect C cycling in soil. Agricultural lands, particularly croplands, comprise some of the most managed areas of the world. We have the potential to positively impact C sequestration in croplands by understanding how residue management affects the C mineralization as well as the formation and stabilization of soil organic C (SOC). No-till (NT), which leaves residue on the surface, has been proposed as the superior residue management for building SOC due to a decreased rate of residue and existing SOC decomposition. Conventional tillage (CT), which breaks aggregates while incorporating residue into the soil, is thought to result in less SOC storage through increased residue and SOC decomposition, and soil erosion. However, NT does not always result in higher SOC storage than CT when measuring total profile stocks and the gains might not be stable in a changing climate. I studied a semi-arid, irrigated, corn system where gains in surface SOC but losses at depth had been observed because of conversion to NT. I studied the effect of altered residue management by mimicking NT and CT residue placement and soil disturbance and followed the residue-derived C into soil respiration (CO2) and physically defined SOC pools. I applied isotopically labeled (13C) residue either on the soil surface (NT) or incorporated into the soil (CT), which allowed me to track losses and transformations of residue C under different residue placement. A third treatment with surface-applied residue following soil disturbance tested the effect of disturbing aggregates during tillage. I collected soil respiration measurements and determined its isotopic composition for twelve months following residue addition to understand how residue location and soil disturbance affected the rate of total CO2 efflux, and of their component fractions (i.e., derived from residue vs. derived from soil). As reported in Chapter 2, I found that incorporated residue had higher residue-derived respiration in the first six months (“off season”), but surface-applied residue had higher residue-derived respiration during the later six months (“growing season”). Growing season respiration rates were higher and driven largely by warmer temperature and more available water (i.e. irrigation events) than in the off season. Thus, the growing season trend dictated the full year trend with surface residue more vulnerable to loss as CO2 efflux compared to incorporated residue that was likely protected from decomposition by the soil matrix presumably from either aggregation or mineral associations. Following, I tracked the fate of the remaining residue C by measuring SOC pools with varying levels of stability and report these results in Chapter 3. I harvested incorporated and surface-applied residue treatments six months after residue addition. I found that incorporated residue had more residue-derived C in… Advisors/Committee Members: Cotrufo, Francesca (advisor), Stewart, Catherine E. (advisor), Conant, Richard (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: soil carbon; soil organic matter; tillage; soil health; irrigation; stable isotopes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Leichty, S. I. (2019). RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO. (Masters Thesis). Colorado State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197335

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Leichty, Sarah Irene. “RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Colorado State University. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197335.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Leichty, Sarah Irene. “RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO.” 2019. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Leichty SI. RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197335.

Council of Science Editors:

Leichty SI. RESIDUE-DERIVED CARBON TRANSFORMATIONS WITH ALTERED RESIDUE MANAGEMENT IN AN IRRIGATED CORN SYSTEM IN COLORADO. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado State University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10217/197335

University of Manchester

14. Ashton, Nicola Jane. Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holistic-characterisation-of-soils-developed-on-contrasting-lithologies-in-a-temperate-climate(3e0b006c-60f5-4814-8f2a-101c2b9c7bba).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626971

► The influence of parent lithology on the development of soil biogeochemical environments and their microbial diversity is explored by characterising soil profiles with respect to… (more)

▼ The influence of parent lithology on the development of soil biogeochemical environments and their microbial diversity is explored by characterising soil profiles with respect to their mineral, solution and organic chemistry. Soil profiles were collected from a total of 17 sites, above basalt, granodiorite, shale, sandstone and limestone, across Northern Ireland. The soil system developed above basalt was examined to assess the development of soil bio-physicochemical properties and microbial diversity through the profile. These basalt soils showed two distinct horizons have developed in the previous 15’000 years, where soils from the top 20 cm of the profile were highly influenced by the interactions of soil minerals with soil organic and biological processes. In line with the observed differences in soil properties the microbial community structure varied; in the surface soils the community composition was dominated by root-associated bacteria. However the relative abundance of phyla affiliated with nutrient-limited conditions increased in samples from the base of the profile. Detailed examination of the soil profiles above granodiorite, shale, sandstone and limestone revealed large variations in soil geochemistry between profiles, reflecting the mineral geochemistry of the parent rock. Molecular analysis of SOM revealed compositional changes with depth were comparable between profiles; however TOC concentrations were consistently higher in the soil profiles above basalt suggesting greater stabilisation of SOM in these soils. The chemistry of the soil waters was not reflective of the parent rocks; however variations in soil texture, specifically the abundance of less reactive residual minerals in the sandstone and limestone soils, led to higher concentrations of soluble elements in these soils. Soil pH and DOC were found to have a large control on buffering the release of free Al, Cr and Fe ions into solution. The microbial communities in near-surface soils were similar to each other, regardless of lithology, and were dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria. However microbial diversity shifted with depth; the abundance of Actinobacteria decreased and Nitrospirae increased, and between rock types where soils next to the basalt, shale and granodiorite bedrock contained sequences affiliated with novel Candidate Phyla AD3 and GAL15. In these soils differences in SOM composition were the main driver of the observed variation with depth, however where labile SOM was depleted, mineral and solution geochemistry may have a larger control on the community composition. To assess the influence of parent lithology on selenium mobility, soils above basalt and granodiorite were amended with sodium selenate. Under anaerobic conditions, the proportion of soluble selenate removed varied (39-77 %) depending on the sample through a combination of abiotic and microbial reduction processes. However, under aerobic conditions, larger concentrations of selenate remained in solution (79-100%).

Subjects/Keywords: 551.9; Soil; Soil Geochemistry; Soil Parent Lithology; Soil Organic Matter; Microbial Diversity; Soil Waters; Selenium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ashton, N. J. (2014). Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holistic-characterisation-of-soils-developed-on-contrasting-lithologies-in-a-temperate-climate(3e0b006c-60f5-4814-8f2a-101c2b9c7bba).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626971

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ashton, Nicola Jane. “Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed September 19, 2019. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holistic-characterisation-of-soils-developed-on-contrasting-lithologies-in-a-temperate-climate(3e0b006c-60f5-4814-8f2a-101c2b9c7bba).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626971.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ashton, Nicola Jane. “Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate.” 2014. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Ashton NJ. Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holistic-characterisation-of-soils-developed-on-contrasting-lithologies-in-a-temperate-climate(3e0b006c-60f5-4814-8f2a-101c2b9c7bba).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626971.

Council of Science Editors:

Ashton NJ. Holistic characterisation of soils developed on contrasting lithologies, in a temperate climate. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2014. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/holistic-characterisation-of-soils-developed-on-contrasting-lithologies-in-a-temperate-climate(3e0b006c-60f5-4814-8f2a-101c2b9c7bba).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.626971

University of Alberta

15. Norris, Charlotte E. Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems.

Degree: PhD, Department of Renewable Resources, 2013, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/hx11xf74r

► The western boreal forest of Canada, where the upland regions are dominated by stands of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss),… (more)

▼ The western boreal forest of Canada, where the upland regions are dominated by stands of aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), is now home to novel ecosystems, i.e.; ecosystems composed of reclaimed stands formed from trees planted on constructed anthropogenic soils. This study set out to determine if soils from these natural and novel ecosystems differed in terms of their biogeochemical functioning. Using a multi-faceted approach this study examined several ecosystem function variables linked to soil organic matter composition, microbial communities and nitrogen fluxes. A survey of 42 sites showed that soil n-alkanes, biomarkers of vegetation inputs, were more concentrated and had distinct signatures in natural compared to novel ecosystems. Mineral soils from reclaimed stands, natural aspen and spruce stands showed a distinct microbial community structure as was demonstrated using phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) as microbial biomarkers following addition of 13C-glucose in a laboratory incubation. Further probing by compound specific analysis (CSA) of the 13C-enriched PLFAs determined that microbial incorporation of 13C-glucose was different among soils. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance characterization of double-labeled (13C, 15N) aspen leaves and roots generated for tracer studies confirmed that isotopic enrichment across biopolymers and tissues was time dependent. In a subsequent field incubation, where the labeled aspen leaf litter was added to the forest floors of aspen and spruce stands, soil microorganisms maintained an active nitrogen cycle between fresh litter and live vegetation at both stands, yet remained structurally distinct. However, CSA indicated overlap in the 13C enrichment of some PLFA biomarkers between stands. Finally, the addition of 15N labelled aspen leaf litter to reclaimed and natural forest stands demonstrated the importance of vegetation inputs not only as a source of nitrogen for growing vegetation but also as a way to improve soil moisture and soil microbial biomass on all sites. Cumulatively, these results not only enhance our understanding of organic matter cycling in natural and novel boreal forest ecosystems but, more importantly, they also provide results on conceptual ideas to guide future research.

Subjects/Keywords: novel ecosystem; boreal forest; soil organic matter; soil science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Norris, C. E. (2013). Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/hx11xf74r

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Norris, Charlotte E. “Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed September 19, 2019. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/hx11xf74r.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Norris, Charlotte E. “Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems.” 2013. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Norris CE. Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/hx11xf74r.

Council of Science Editors:

Norris CE. Soil organic matter cycling in novel and natural boreal forest ecosystems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2013. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/hx11xf74r

University of Nairobi

16. Basweti, C N. Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence .

Degree: 2009, University of Nairobi

URL: http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18790

► Temperature sensitivity of soil carbon decomposition is a key factor in determining the response of the terrestrial carbon balance to climate change. However, the effect… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Organic matter quality; Soil temperature; Soil moisture; Decomposition; Forest-cropland

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APA (6^th Edition):

Basweti, C. N. (2009). Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence . (Thesis). University of Nairobi. Retrieved from http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18790

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Basweti, C N. “Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence .” 2009. Thesis, University of Nairobi. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18790.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Basweti, C N. “Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence .” 2009. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Basweti CN. Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2009. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18790.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Basweti CN. Effect of organic matter quality, soil temperature and moisture on soil organic matter decomposition of a forest -cropland chronosequence . [Thesis]. University of Nairobi; 2009. Available from: http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18790

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

17. Burns, Nancy Rosalind. Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922

► Soil respiration is an important source of atmospheric CO2, with the potential for large positive feedbacks with global warming. The size of these feedbacks will… (more)

▼ Soil respiration is an important source of atmospheric CO2, with the potential for large positive feedbacks with global warming. The size of these feedbacks will depend on the relative sensitivity to temperature of very large global pools of highly stable soil organic matter (SOM), with residence times of centuries or longer. Conflicting evidence exists as to the relationships between temperature sensitivity of respiration and stability of SOM, as well as the temperature sensitivity of individual stabilisation mechanisms. This PhD considers the relationship between different stabilisation mechanisms and the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition. I used physical fractionation to isolate SOM pools with a variety of turnover rates, from decadal to centennially cycling SOM, in a peaty gley topsoil from Harwood Forest. Mean residence times of SOM as determined by 14C dating was most strongly affected by depth, providing stability on a millienial scale, while OM-mineral associations and physical protection of aggregates provided stability to around 500 years. Chemical characteristics of organic material in these fractions and whole soils (13C CP-MAS NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, FTIR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ICP-OES) indicated the relative contribution of different stabilisation mechanisms to the longevity of each of these fractions. Two long-term incubations of isolated physical fractions and soil horizons at different temperatures provided information about the actual resistance to decomposition in each SOM pool, as well as the temperature sensitivity of respiration from different pools. Naturally 13C-labelled labile substrate additions to the mineral and organic horizons compared the resistance to priming by labile and recalcitrant substrates. Manipulation of soil pore water was investigated as a method for isolating the respiration of SOM from physically occluded positions within the soil architecture. Contadictory lines of evidence emerged on the relative stability of different SOM pools from 14C dating, incubation experiments and chemical characterisation of indicators of stability. This led to the interpretation that physical aggregate protection primarily controls SOM stability within topsoils, while mineral and Fe oxide stability provides more lasting stability in the mineral horizon. Less humified and younger SOM was found to have a higher sensitivity to temperature than respiration from well-humified pools, in contrast to predictions from thermodynamics.

Subjects/Keywords: soil respiration; soil organic matter quality; stable isotopes; temperature sensitivity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Burns, N. R. (2012). Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Burns, Nancy Rosalind. “Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Burns, Nancy Rosalind. “Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration.” 2012. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Burns NR. Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2012. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922.

Council of Science Editors:

Burns NR. Soil organic matter stability and the temperature sensitivity of soil respiration. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9922

University of Toledo

18. McMillan, Cameron Kyle. Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?.

Degree: MS, Biology (Ecology), 2015, University of Toledo

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492775083219861

► Stable soil organic carbon (SOC) is a globally important carbon (C) pool with the potential to significantly alter atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, and it is… (more)

▼ Stable soil organic carbon (SOC) is a globally important carbon (C) pool with the potential to significantly alter atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations, and it is believed to originate primarily from microbial necromass. However, we are not always capable of accurately predicting the magnitude and occasionally the direction of C fluxes into and out of the soil, in part due to a lack of understanding of how C moves from plants through the microbial community. C moves from the atmosphere into the soil primarily through plant uptake and incorporation followed by senescence and decomposition, or by exudation directly from roots, which especially stimulates production of readily stabilized microbial biomass in mineral soils. Root exudation rates depend on the plant species, but variations among plant species in the timing and rate of exudation have not yet been fully characterized. The primary question this study addresses is: How different are concentrations of root exudates for plant species with varying phenology? We hypothesized that plants varying in seasonal leaf expansion/senescence times also vary in seasonal concentrations of root exudation because of the difference in the timing of leaf presence and C fixation. To test this hypothesis, we measured root exudation between two species with varying leaf expansion and senescence times from April-December 2015 by measuring soil pore water saccharides as a proxy for root exudation. We also measured nitrate, ammonium, and phosphate concentrations in soil pore water and 0.5 M K2SO4 extracts to determine their distribution within the soil matrix. We observed microbial responses to root exudation by measuring soil microbial respiration, biomass, and ecoenzyme (enzymes existing/functioning outside of cells) activities. Two woody plants with different light acquisition strategies were chosen within the same temperate deciduous forest stand and soil type (coarse-loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic Aeric Haplaquepts): Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii), whose leaves expand early and senesces late, and red maple (Acer rubrum), which has its leaves for a much shorter time but obtains more light and shades L. maackii when its canopy is open due to its height. These were compared with plant-free control plots that were trenched in order to reduce root inputs. Saccharide concentrations varied less in soil pore water than expected, and did not track leaf expansion and senescence as predicted, with the exception of May 18, when saccharide concentrations significantly increased in L. maackii soils just before leaf expansion was complete, at which time the L. maackii would become maximally shaded by the A. rubrum canopy (A. rubrum leaf expansion was complete one week later). Soil microbial biomass and activity also varied little between the two plant species, but all ecoenzyme activities varied significantly by date due to a decrease in December, apparently associated with seasonal temperature decline. Furthermore, although leaf litter was removed, the legacy of L. maackii’s high quality… Advisors/Committee Members: Weintraub, Michael (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Ecology; Soil Sciences; Soil organic matter, saccharides, reducing sugars, spatially inaccessible

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APA (6^th Edition):

McMillan, C. K. (2015). Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?. (Masters Thesis). University of Toledo. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492775083219861

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McMillan, Cameron Kyle. “Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Toledo. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492775083219861.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McMillan, Cameron Kyle. “Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?.” 2015. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

McMillan CK. Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toledo; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492775083219861.

Council of Science Editors:

McMillan CK. Do the availability and accessibility of soil saccharides and nutrients vary with the phenology of Acer rubrum and Lonicera maackii?. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toledo; 2015. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1492775083219861

University of California – Berkeley

19. Dane, Laura Jennifer. Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization.

Degree: Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, 2014, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6b22948f

► Soil organic matter (SOM) results from a suite of microbial and geochemical processes that in combination convert carbon (C) of biological origin to stabilized, potentially… (more)

▼ Soil organic matter (SOM) results from a suite of microbial and geochemical processes that in combination convert carbon (C) of biological origin to stabilized, potentially long-lived materials. While it is well established that soil microorganisms are involved in the conversion of plant biomass into SOM, the conversion of microbial bodies themselves to stabilized soil organic materials is not well understood. Recent studies suggest that microbial products such as polysaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, and a number of other biomolecules of microbial origin can remain in soils for long periods of time, and that microbial bodies play a much more important role as the precursors to SOM than previously considered. In this dissertation, I examine the flow of microbial carbon in two soil types as it is assimilated into the living microbial biomass under different climate regimes, how long it remains in the living microbial biomass, and ultimately the flow of this microbial C out of the living biomass as it is respired out as CO2 or is incorporated into SOM. The influence of soil type and climate were examined because both are key drivers of soil biogeochemical processes and strongly affect organic matter stabilization in soils. In Chapter 1, I report the results of a field study conducted to understand not only whether different microbial groups preferentially assimilate carbon from different microbial sources of C, but also whether climate and edaphic characteristics alter either the assimilation of necrotic microbial carbon and/or the length of residence of this carbon within the living biomass. This study followed the fate of 13C labeled dead microbial bodies for three years after they were injected into field soils located in a Temperate mixed-conifer forest and a Tropical wet forest. The 13C was subsequently assimilated into the standing microbial biomass and ultimately lost from the biomass over a 3 year period. In general, the saprophytic microbial groups preferentially assimilated carbon from their same groups or groups with similar molecular compositions; however, only the Gram-positive bacteria in the Tropical site and Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in the Temperate site demonstrated an affinity for assimilating C from dead actinobacteria. At each harvest throughout the study, the Temperate soils retained more labeled 13C from the labeled necromass groups than the Tropical soils. The faster loss of labeled carbon from the living biomass in Tropical soils may have significant implications for the relative contributions of microbial biomass to the formation of SOM. As evidenced in Chapter 3, the retention time of C in living microbial biomass may be positively correlated to the sorption of microbial C to mineral surfaces in the heavy fraction (HF) of SOM. Since the HF is generally the longest-lived SOM pool, an increase in the proportion of microbial C sorbed to mineral surfaces in the HF due to longer residence times of C in the living biomass of Temperate soils may lead to a higher proportion of…

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental science; Carbon cycling; Carbon stabilization; Soil microbiology; Soil organic matter

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dane, L. J. (2014). Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6b22948f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dane, Laura Jennifer. “Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6b22948f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dane, Laura Jennifer. “Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization.” 2014. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Dane LJ. Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6b22948f.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dane LJ. Soil Microorganisms as Precursors and Mediators of Soil Carbon Stailization. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/6b22948f

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

20. Mavi, Manpreet Singh. Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils.

Degree: 2012, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78914

► Salt-affected soils (comprising saline and sodic soils) contain excessive amounts of salts and cover over 10 % of the world’s arable land. They are a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: dissolved organic matter; soil respiration; salinity; sodicity; soil texture

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mavi, M. S. (2012). Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78914

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mavi, Manpreet Singh. “Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils.” 2012. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78914.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mavi, Manpreet Singh. “Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils.” 2012. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Mavi MS. Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78914.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mavi MS. Dissolved organic matter dynamics and microbial activity in salt-affected soils. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/78914

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

21. Liebman, Alexander. Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems.

Degree: MS, Applied Plant Sciences, 2018, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200129

► Cover crops are an agroecological approach that can increase ecosystem service provisioning, reducing erosion, providing spatial and temporal biotic diversification, and increasing soil organic matter… (more)

▼ Cover crops are an agroecological approach that can increase ecosystem service provisioning, reducing erosion, providing spatial and temporal biotic diversification, and increasing soil organic matter (SOM). However, implementation of cover crops in the upper Midwest is limited by short growing seasons and harsh winters with variable temperatures and snowfall. Our objective was to explore the potential of winter annual legume cover crops to stabilize and augment soil C and organic N stocks in upper Midwest agricultural systems in which cover crop biomass production is quite limited, and without major impacts on crop yield. We compared hairy vetch (VET), winter rye (RYE), red clover (CLO), hairy vetch/rye biculture (MIX), and bare-ground control (NOCC), planted in a randomized complete block design at two University of Minnesota Research and Outreach Centers in southwest (LAMB) and north-central (GR) Minnesota. Cover crops were established in fall and terminated in spring prior to sweet corn planting. To measure linked soil C and N dynamics, we determined microbial biomass C (MB-C), permanganate-oxidizable C (POX-C), size-fractionated particulate organic matter C and N (POM-C and POM-N), extractable soil N (EXT-N) and potentially mineralizable N (PMN). We hypothesized that 1) MIX has intermediate biomass and biomass N levels, compared to legumes (high N, low biomass) and RYE (low N, high biomass) monocrops 2) MIX treatment increases both soil C and N, legumes primarily increase N and RYE influences labile C parameters, and 3) RYE exhibit sweet corn yield declines due to low N and high residue. Our results indicate winter annual legume cover crops are a viable tool for increasing soil N but had limited impact on labile SOM parameters. Vetch biomass exceeded 2.00 Mg dry matter ha-1, resulting in > 80 kg N ha-1. Extractable N increased after cover crop termination approaching 25 mg N kg soil-1 in VET. Post-termination PMN increased at GR Y1 and LAMB Y2, to 30-65 mg N kg soil-1, from baseline values of ~ 20 mg N kg soil -1 pre-termination. Yet soil N results displayed major site differences, with PMN declining in LAMB Y1 and GR Y2 pre-termination to post-termination. Soil C results were variable, indicating significant effect of sampling time and environment yet no treatment differences for MB-C or POX-C. However, MB-C was correlated with PMN (R2= 0.24, p = 0.002), indicating labile C may be an effective indicator of N dynamics. Corn yields were highest in LAMB 2015, VET and MIX exceeded 13 Mg ha-1 and out-yielded RYE (~ 8 Mg ha-1). Our project suggests winter annual legume cover crops may achieve multiple ecosystem services including winter soil coverage, SOM development, and coupled C and N cycling.

Subjects/Keywords: Cover cropping; Organic agriculture; Soil organic matter; Sweet corn

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Liebman, A. (2018). Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200129

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liebman, Alexander. “Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200129.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liebman, Alexander. “Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems.” 2018. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Liebman A. Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200129.

Council of Science Editors:

Liebman A. Legumes and soil organic matter transformations in upper Midwest agroecosystems. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/200129

University of Canterbury

22. Toosi, Ehsan Razavy. Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production.

Degree: School of Forestry, 2010, University of Canterbury

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5302

► Soluble organic matter represent less than 1% of total soil organic matter (SOM) - but it contributes to many terrestrial ecosystem processes, due to its… (more)

▼ Soluble organic matter represent less than 1% of total soil organic matter (SOM) - but it contributes to many terrestrial ecosystem processes, due to its high mobility and reactivity in soil. Although it has been suggested that soluble organic matter (OM) may serve as an early indicator of soil quality changes as a result of shifts in land-use and management practices, only a few studies have addressed the dynamics of soluble OM in relation to land-use and specifically soil depth. This study focuses on two aspects of soluble OM. In the first part, I hypothesized that extractable OM obtained by aqueous solutions is a continuum of substances that depending on the extraction method can be separated into two operationally different fractions. The size and properties of these fractions may consistently differ among different land uses and at different soil depths. The objective of this part of the study was then to assess dynamics (size and properties, biodegradability and seasonality) of water extractable organic matter (WEOM) and salt extractable organic matter (SEOM) in a sequence of human dominated land-uses at topsoil and subsoil. At the second part of the study, I tested the regulatory gate hypothesis –abiotic solubilization of OM- as a primary controlling factor in soluble OM production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the microbial activity on the net production of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the native SOM in the presence of added DOM and plant residue. For the first part of the experiment, the soil samples were collected from four land-uses under bog pine (Halocarpus bidwillii) woodland, tussock grassland (Festuca novae-zelandiae and Heiracium pilosella), cropland (Medicago sativa) and plantation forest (Pinus nigra). The selected land uses were located in the Mackenzie Basin, Canterbury, New Zealand and occurring on the same soils, topography and experienced similar climates. Soil samples were obtained from topsoil (0-20 cm) and subsoil (60-80 cm) at the end of each season (November, February, May and August) during 2007-2008. The sampled soils were adjusted to the same water status prior to extraction. While WEOM was obtained during a mild extraction procedure and using 0.01M CaCl2, SEOM was extracted with 0.5M K2SO4 at high temperature (75οC for 90 min). Both extracts were filtered through a 0.45 μm filter size. In the first part of the study, I assessed the biodegradation dynamics of WEOM and SEOM (spring samples), using a double-exponential decay model. The WEOM and SEOM were inoculated and incubated at 22°C for 90d under aerobic conditions. Subsamples were removed on days 1, 3, 7, 12, 16, 30, 42, 60, 75, and 90, filtered (0.22 μm), and analyzed for organic C and N content, UV absorption, and 13C natural abundance (δ13C). The results of the biodegradation experiment indicated a similar pattern for both C and N of SEOM and WEOM as that of previously shown for soil DOM. However, C and N mineralization rate were considerably larger in the WEOM than SEOM. The…

Subjects/Keywords: soluble organic matter; extractable organic matter; biodegradation; solubilization; landuse; soil depth; seasonal variability

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APA (6^th Edition):

Toosi, E. R. (2010). Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production. (Thesis). University of Canterbury. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Toosi, Ehsan Razavy. “Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production.” 2010. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Toosi, Ehsan Razavy. “Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production.” 2010. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Toosi ER. Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2010. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5302.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Toosi ER. Soluble Organic Matter, its Biodegradation, Dynamics and Abiotic Production. [Thesis]. University of Canterbury; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5302

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

23. Whittinghill, Kyle A. Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides.

Degree: PhD, Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, 2010, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/98103

► The transport of dissolved organic matter (DOM) down hillslopes to aquatic ecosystems has important implications for both terrestrial and aquatic primary productivity. DOM is an… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Arctic; Biogeochemistry; Chronosequence; Dissolved organic matter; Hillslopes; Soil organic matter; Ecology, Evolution and Behavior

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APA (6^th Edition):

Whittinghill, K. A. (2010). Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/98103

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Whittinghill, Kyle A. “Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://purl.umn.edu/98103.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Whittinghill, Kyle A. “Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides.” 2010. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Whittinghill KA. Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2010. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/98103.

Council of Science Editors:

Whittinghill KA. Effect of topography and glaciation history on the movement of carbon and nitrogen within arctic hillsides. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2010. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/98103

University of Guelph

24. Graham, Jordan. Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils .

Degree: 2018, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12956

► Nineteen farms growing herbaceous biomass crops, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and Miscanthus (Miscanthus spp.), were sampled for soil organic carbon (SOC) across Ontario, Canada in 2016,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soil organic carbon; soil organic matter; swtichgrass; miscanthus; climate change; biomass crops; land-use change

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APA (6^th Edition):

Graham, J. (2018). Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils . (Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12956

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Graham, Jordan. “Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils .” 2018. Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed September 19, 2019. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12956.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Graham, Jordan. “Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils .” 2018. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Graham J. Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2018. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12956.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Graham J. Influence of herbaceous biomass crops on soil organic carbon in southern Ontario soils . [Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2018. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/12956

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Georgia

25. Machmuller, Megan Beth. The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics.

Degree: PhD, Ecology, 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/machmuller_megan_b_201408_phd

► This dissertation explores the effects of warming on soil respiration and soil organic matter decomposition in forest soils. I utilized a field warming experiment located… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores the effects of warming on soil respiration and soil organic matter decomposition in forest soils. I utilized a field warming experiment located in the Southeastern US Piedmont, the first of its kind on highly-weathered soils. Both field and laboratory approaches were utilized to assess the microbial (heterotrophic) response to increased temperature. My results suggest that warming results in no significant change in soil respiration (carbon dioxide efflux), soil carbon stocks, or soil organic matter chemistry, unlike previous studies. Hence, rising temperatures will not universally increase carbon dioxide efflux from forest soils. To explain the lack of a response, I performed a fully-factorial laboratory incubation to determine the importance of soil moisture in regulating heterotrophic respiration response to temperature but the nature of the interaction varies with season. I observed that moisture and temperature interact to regulate heterotrophic respiration. The temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration does not change with moisture treatments but increases ~ 30% from winter to summer. This finding demonstrates that key ecosystem processes vary by season and modulate the response of heterotrophic respiration. By including moisture and temperature into models of heterotrophic respiration, we improved predictions of field respiration and explained 50-70% of the variability associated with in situ soil respiration. Finally, I investigated how in situ warming affected six different extracellular enzyme activities involved in soil organic matter decomposition. The microbial response to soil warming was minor relative to seasonal variation in microbial activity. We observed significant seasonal variation in enzyme activities, temperature sensitivities and microbial nutrient acquisition ratios, but the response was inconsistent across enzyme type. Additionally, we found low C:P enzyme ratios suggesting P limitation in this ecosystem. Our study suggests that a major effect of climate change on soil organic matter decomposition may be the result of changes in the seasonal patterns rather than directly altering the kinetics of enzymes in the soil through warming alone. Advisors/Committee Members: Jacqueline Mohan.

Subjects/Keywords: soil respiration; heterotrophic respiration; soil organic matter decomposition; extracellular enzymes; soil carbon

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APA (6^th Edition):

Machmuller, M. B. (2014). The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/machmuller_megan_b_201408_phd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Machmuller, Megan Beth. “The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Georgia. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/machmuller_megan_b_201408_phd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Machmuller, Megan Beth. “The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics.” 2014. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Machmuller MB. The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/machmuller_megan_b_201408_phd.

Council of Science Editors:

Machmuller MB. The effect of warming on belowground carbon dynamics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://purl.galileo.usg.edu/uga_etd/machmuller_megan_b_201408_phd

Technical University of Lisbon

26. Rodrigues, Ana Raquel Martinho da Silva Felizardo. Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização.

Degree: 2012, Technical University of Lisbon

URL: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5303

►

Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de Agronomia

Different management systems induce modifications on ecosystems functioning, changing soil quality. In the context of growing… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Rocha pear; soil quality indicators; soil organic matter; soil management; cover crop; tillage

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rodrigues, A. R. M. d. S. F. (2012). Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização. (Thesis). Technical University of Lisbon. Retrieved from http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rodrigues, Ana Raquel Martinho da Silva Felizardo. “Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização.” 2012. Thesis, Technical University of Lisbon. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rodrigues, Ana Raquel Martinho da Silva Felizardo. “Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização.” 2012. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Rodrigues ARMdSF. Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização. [Internet] [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2012. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5303.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rodrigues ARMdSF. Indicadores de qualidade do solo em pomares de pereira "Rocha" - enrelvamento permanente versus mobilização. [Thesis]. Technical University of Lisbon; 2012. Available from: http://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:www.repository.utl.pt:10400.5/5303

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Riverside

27. Clements, Philip Robert. Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California.

Degree: Geological Sciences, 2016, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0wd6p6t1

► Soil surface covers are critical to understanding the influence of aboveground inputs on underlying soils. Surface covers are often composed of organic material, but mountain… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soil sciences; Environmental science; Klamath Mountains; soil organic matter; soil surface cover; surface rock fragments

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Clements, P. R. (2016). Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0wd6p6t1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clements, Philip Robert. “Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0wd6p6t1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Clements, Philip Robert. “Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California.” 2016. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Clements PR. Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0wd6p6t1.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Clements PR. Effect of Surface Rock Fragment Cover on Accumulation of Organic Matter and Charcoal on Mountain Soils in Northern California. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/0wd6p6t1

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Lund

28. Alaei, Saeed. Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils.

Degree: 2019, University of Lund

URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c442775e-4a68-453a-b76d-51f6bc46736f ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/57081812/Saeed_Alaei_Thesis_Summary_20190121.pdf

► Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) contributes significantly to the global carbon (C) cycle and climate feedbacks. SOM decomposition depends on soil microbial activities, and… (more)

▼ Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) contributes significantly to the global carbon (C) cycle and climate feedbacks. SOM decomposition depends on soil microbial activities, and these activities are driven by the availability of C and other nutrients. Plant root exudates are known to alter decomposition of SOM, a phenomenon referred to as rhizosphere priming effects (RPE). In order to predict the effect of environmental changes such as elevated CO2 and increased N deposition on microbial SOM decomposition and release of CO2 to the atmosphere, we need a better understanding of the factors that regulate RPE. In this thesis, I present my results from priming experiments with and without plants. I studied the effect of root exudates on SOM decomposition by adding glucose to soil to simulate root exudation. I also performed experiments with living plants. The aim was to investigate how variations in C and N availability influence priming. I further aimed to determine how elevated CO2, N fertilization, and light intensity influence root exudation rates and priming. I also tested how priming influence gross N mineralization and protein depolymerization, and if this could be linked to the abundance of different microbial functional groups and extracellular enzyme activity.I found that the soil C:N ratio is a poor predictor of priming. Instead, my findings suggest that the C:N imbalance (soil C:N divided by microbial biomass C:N) could better predict priming. My findings suggest that C:N imbalances could induce priming by increasing the abundance of microbes able to decompose complex substrates such as lignin. My results further suggest that priming is a result of enhanced activity of extracellular oxidative enzymes, rather than a change in the concentration of enzymes. I also found that in addition to increasing N cycling rates, soil microbes could meet their increased N demand caused by C input through using the available N more efficiently. This suggests that plant C input might aggravate N limitation by promoting microbial N sequestration. My findings highlight that elevated CO2 and N deposition enhance plant C uptake, but they also increase the microbial respiration of SOM to an even greater extent. These findings suggest that in order to evaluate if elevated CO2 and N deposition increases terrestrial C sequestration, changes in the microbial decomposition of SOM also needs to be accounted for. Finally, my results demonstrated that physiological traits of different plant species, e.g. response to altered light intensity, also have important effects on RPE.In summary, my findings suggest that priming is of major importance not only for C cycling in forest soils, but also for N cycling. Stoichiometric imbalances in C and N, plant and microbial nutrient demands, and the microbial response to nutrient deficiency, are important factors regulating RPE. I also conclude that priming a result of stimulated activity of extracellular oxidative enzymes, rather than of increased concentration of such enzymes.

Subjects/Keywords: Ekologi; Soil organic matter; C:N imbalance; root exudates; priming; Extracellular enzymes; Soil organic matter; C:N imbalance; root exudates; priming; Extracellular enzymes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alaei, S. (2019). Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c442775e-4a68-453a-b76d-51f6bc46736f ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/57081812/Saeed_Alaei_Thesis_Summary_20190121.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alaei, Saeed. “Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c442775e-4a68-453a-b76d-51f6bc46736f ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/57081812/Saeed_Alaei_Thesis_Summary_20190121.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alaei, Saeed. “Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils.” 2019. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Alaei S. Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2019. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c442775e-4a68-453a-b76d-51f6bc46736f ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/57081812/Saeed_Alaei_Thesis_Summary_20190121.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Alaei S. Priming of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in forest soils. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2019. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/c442775e-4a68-453a-b76d-51f6bc46736f ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/57081812/Saeed_Alaei_Thesis_Summary_20190121.pdf

The Ohio State University

29. Jung, Ji Young. Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass.

Degree: PhD, Environment and Natural Resources, 2010, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372

► A paradigm shift from maximum to sustainable agricultural production also applies to cultivation of bioenergy crops. Nitrogen (N) fertilization is needed to sustain the biomass… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Soil Sciences; switchgrass; soil organic carbon (SOC); nitrogen fertilization; biomass production; soil structure; organic matter decomposition; root

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jung, J. Y. (2010). Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jung, Ji Young. “Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jung, Ji Young. “Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass.” 2010. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Jung JY. Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2010. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372.

Council of Science Editors:

Jung JY. Nitrogen Fertilization Impacts on Soil Organic Carbon and Structural Properties under Switchgrass. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2010. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1284983372

University of Utah

30. Maibauer, Bianca Jean. Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions.

Degree: MSin Geology, Geology & Geophysics, 2013, University of Utah

URL: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3480/rec/397

► Paleoclimate records indicate that the early Cenozoic Era was punctuated by several abrupt, transient hyperthermal events, most notably the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ca. 55.5… (more)

▼ Paleoclimate records indicate that the early Cenozoic Era was punctuated by several abrupt, transient hyperthermal events, most notably the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM, ca. 55.5 Ma) and the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM2, ca. 53.6 Ma). These abrupt warming events occur coeval to a significant perturbation to the global carbon cycle. Although the timing and magnitude of these ancient hyperthermal events were similar to projected future changes associated with anthropogenic carbon emissions, the application of these events as analogues to anthropogenic global change is complicated by widely divergent interpretations of the rate, patterns, and sources of carbon release. Recently drilled scientific cores that span these hyperthermals were collected at three terrestrial sites from the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA. Pedogenic carbonate isotope data from the Gilmore Hill (GMH) site exhibit relatively stable background δ13C and δ18O values over a host of multicolored floodplain lithologies but lack the expected >2‰ shift of the ETM2 carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Bulk sedimentary organic matter at Basin Substation (BSN) reveals a dramatic decrease in total organic carbon (TOC) preservation through the estimated PETM interval while δ13C values are variable and lack the expected >2‰ PETM CIE. High-resolution carbon isotope data from Polecat Bench (PCB) pedogenic carbonate show that the PETM is characterized by a sustained >5‰ negative CIE, and the onset of this event ischaracterized by two massive releases of between 600 and 10,000 gigatons of carbon (Gt C), each occurring in one thousand years or less. We hypothesize that the ETM2 interval is located within poorly cemented, highly weathered sands that characterize the upper 25 m of core at GMH and may represent a climatic response to the warming event. The variability and lack of discernible CIE in our BSN δ13C record suggests that additional external mechanisms, such as water stress or organic matter source, likely impacted the preserved TOC. The PCB record, however, shows volatile behavior in Earth’s carbon cycle leading up to initiation of the PETM and indicates that the PETM is a strong analogue to current and future carbon cycle perturbation in both magnitude and rate of change.

Subjects/Keywords: Carbon isotopes, Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum; Pedogenic carbonate; Soil organic matter

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Maibauer, B. J. (2013). Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions. (Masters Thesis). University of Utah. Retrieved from http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3480/rec/397

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Maibauer, Bianca Jean. “Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Utah. Accessed September 19, 2019. http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3480/rec/397.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Maibauer, Bianca Jean. “Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions.” 2013. Web. 19 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Maibauer BJ. Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Utah; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 19]. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3480/rec/397.

Council of Science Editors:

Maibauer BJ. Carbon isotope stratigraphy of early Eocene hyperthermals in the Bighorn Basin, Wyoming, USA: analogues for modern anthropogenic carbon emissions. [Masters Thesis]. University of Utah; 2013. Available from: http://content.lib.utah.edu/cdm/singleitem/collection/etd3/id/3480/rec/397

Open Access Theses and Dissertations