subject:(Silver Environmental aspects )

1. Justice, James R. Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors.

Degree: Thesis (M.S.), 2013, Ball State University

URL: http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/197432

► Freshwater ecosystems will likely become sinks for future silver loadings as a result of increased nanosilver (n-Ag) use in industrial and commercial applications. A series… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Nanostructured materials – Environmental aspects.; Silver – Environmental aspects.; Physa – Effect of pollution on.; Water – Pollution.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Justice, J. R. (2013). Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors. (Masters Thesis). Ball State University. Retrieved from http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/197432

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Justice, James R. “Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Ball State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/197432.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Justice, James R. “Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Justice JR. Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Ball State University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/197432.

Council of Science Editors:

Justice JR. Nanosilver ecotoxicity : chronic effects on the freshwater gastropod, Physa acuta, and influence of abiotic factors. [Masters Thesis]. Ball State University; 2013. Available from: http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/handle/123456789/197432

Colorado School of Mines

2. Gately, Thomas Joseph. Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters.

Degree: MS(M.S.), Chemistry and Geochemistry, 2013, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/21

► The rapid growth of nanotechnology, specifically the incorporation of engineered nanoparticles (ENP's) into various products, will almost certainly lead to their release into the environment.… (more)

▼ The rapid growth of nanotechnology, specifically the incorporation of engineered nanoparticles (ENP's) into various products, will almost certainly lead to their release into the environment. Silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag) have seen widespread use in consumer products as a result of their antimicrobial properties. Silver ion (Ag+), is known to be toxic to a large variety of organisms, especially aquatic species. The release of Ag+ from nano-Ag under relevant environmental conditions is not currently well understood, as many studies use unrealistically high concentrations. This is in part due to limitations in the techniques used to detect and characterize ENP's. Using Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS), a newly developed method to examine ENPs we are able to detect and quantify both nano-Ag and Ag+ at part per trillion concentrations, considered a realistic environmental level. In a collaborative study with the Trent University, PVP-coated 50 nm nano-Ag particles were introduced into several mesocosms within a lake. Their fate (particle number, dissolution) was monitored by a number of methods including SP-ICP-MS, FFF-ICPMS, and total Ag analysis. Before the experiment could proceed a preservation method was needed to allow sample transport from the Ontario Lake to the lab in Colorado. Flash freezing using liquid nitrogen was found to be an effective method for preserving the particles that there was minimal change to the particle size and number. The samples were stored at -80 degrees C until the time of analysis. 60 nm PVP capped particles were initially found to be 58.3 ± 5.3 nm and the flash frozen particles were found to be 58.4± 5.2 nm. A series of lab experiments were also performed using lake water in which the stability of nano-Ag particles was examined. The particles were found to decrease in diameter from 50 nm to 36 nm over the course of seven days. Particle number also decreased over the course of the experiment illustrating that further work on methodology is required. Typical decreases in particle number were on the order of 60% over the course of a week. The rate of particle loss/transformation was significantly slower when lake waters were filtered suggesting a role for other suspended sediments or biota in the process. Sterilization using autoclaving provided further evidence for the role of biota but results showed complex behavior depending on the methods used (e.g. filtration and autoclaving). This study further demonstrates the utility of SP-ICP-MS to detect, quantify and characterize ENPs, but further work is needed to fully understand the processes controlling nano-Ag stability in aquatic environments. Advisors/Committee Members: Ranville, James F. (advisor), Higgins, Christopher P. (advisor), Braley, Jenifer C. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: stability; silver; nanoparticle; lake; ICP-MS; engineered; Nanoparticles – Environmental aspects; Silver ions – Toxicity testing; Aquatic organisms; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gately, T. J. (2013). Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters. (Masters Thesis). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/21

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gately, Thomas Joseph. “Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/21.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gately, Thomas Joseph. “Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gately TJ. Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/21.

Council of Science Editors:

Gately TJ. Advanced ICP-MS methods for examining the stability of silver nanoparticles in natural waters. [Masters Thesis]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/21

Northeastern University

3. Pourzahedi, Leila. Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks.

Degree: PhD, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2016, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20212409

► Forecasts show rapid expansion of the nanotechnology industry, with a global annual growth rate of more than 20% through this decade. Despite the performance benefits… (more)

▼ Forecasts show rapid expansion of the nanotechnology industry, with a global annual growth rate of more than 20% through this decade. Despite the performance benefits of using engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) for various applications, the environmental and health implications are not yet fully understood. Uncertainties still exist regarding potential nanomaterial emissions, their fate and transport in the environment, the human or environmental exposure and effects, and their relationship to particle specific characteristics. To address the environmental concerns, this research developed and applied life cycle assessment (LCA) models to evaluate ENMs and nano-enabled products.; LCA is a multi-criteria, systems analysis tool for quantifying their ecological and human health impacts of different products and processes during their life cycle, from material extraction to end-of-life. Environmental LCA entails coupled emission inventory, fate and transport, exposure, and effect modeling of pollutants, linking nanomaterials and nano-enabled products to various impact categories, including global warming potential, human health effects, and ecotoxicity. Four core nano-LCA studies were carried out, including: evaluation of a nanosilver-enabled commercial bandage from its material extraction to disposal, comparison of various nanosilver synthesis routes, investigation of contribution from nanosilver to production environmental impacts of various nanosilver containing products, and quantification of life cycle benefits of using nanotechnology as a substitute for conventional systems for a case of carbon nanotube-enabled electromagnetic interference (EMI) shields for satellites.; In contrast to the focus on nanomaterial releases in the literature, nanosilver synthesis impacts were shown to be of significance, driven by the upstream indirect impacts from silver extraction, regardless of the nanoparticle synthesis method. Ecotoxicity impacts of ENM manufacturing were found to be several times those of direct particle release during product use and disposal. The contribution of nanosilver to the overall burdens of nano-enabled product manufacturing was shown to be a function of nanosilver loading, product composition, and particle surface area. Finally, net energy benefits were established for the case of carbon nanotube EMI shielding in terms of savings in weight, fuel use and primary energy demand.; This work makes meaningful contributions to the field of nano-LCA through generation of consistent and comparative life cycle inventory data sets on manufacturing nanoparticles and nano-enabled products, as well as model development through function-based expression of results. Findings of these studies could potentially influence material and process selection, help prioritize of research and development measures including green chemistry efforts, and guide evolving policy discussions on nano labeling and regulation.

Subjects/Keywords: environmental impact assessment; life cycle assessment; nanotechnology; silver nanoparticles; Nanostructured materials; Environmental aspects; Nanostructured materials; Health aspects; Carbon nanotubes; Nanoparticles; Silver; Industrial applications

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pourzahedi, L. (2016). Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks. (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20212409

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pourzahedi, Leila. “Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20212409.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pourzahedi, Leila. “Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks.” 2016. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Pourzahedi L. Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20212409.

Council of Science Editors:

Pourzahedi L. Environmental impact assessment of nanoparticles and nano-enabled products using LCA frameworks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20212409

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

4. Wang, Jian. Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma).

Degree: 2014, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-71656 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1334217 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-71656/1/th_redirect.html

► Along with the extensive application of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), growing concerns have been paid to their potential risks on aquatic organisms. The present study investigated… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Marine fishes ; Effect of heavy metals on ; Water ; Pollution ; Toxicology ; Nanoparticles ; Oryzias latipes ; Silver ; Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wang, J. (2014). Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma). (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-71656 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1334217 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-71656/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wang, Jian. “Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma).” 2014. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-71656 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1334217 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-71656/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wang, Jian. “Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma).” 2014. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wang J. Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma). [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-71656 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1334217 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-71656/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wang J. Biokinetic process and toxicity of silver nanoparticles in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma). [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2014. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-71656 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b1334217 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-71656/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado School of Mines

5. Mitrano, Denise Marie. Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Geochemistry, 2013, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78739

► The ubiquitous use of goods containing nanoparticles (NPs) will lead inevitably to environmental release and interaction with biota. Methods to detect, quantify, and characterize NPs… (more)

▼ The ubiquitous use of goods containing nanoparticles (NPs) will lead inevitably to environmental release and interaction with biota. Methods to detect, quantify, and characterize NPs in environmental matrices are highlighted as one of the areas of highest priority research in understanding potential environmental and health risks. Specifically, techniques are needed to determine the size and concentration of NPs in complex matrices. Particular analytical challenges include distinguishing NPs from other constituents of the matrix (i.e. natural particles, humic substances, and debris), method detection limits are often higher than exposure concentrations, and differentiating dissolved metal and NPs. This work focuses on the development and optimization of two methods that address a number of challenges for nanometrology: single particle (sp)ICP-MS and asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation (AF4)-ICP-MS. Advancements in the spICP-MS method included systematic studies on distinction between ionic and NP fractions, resolution of polydisperse NP samples, and defining the techniques' dynamic range (in terms of both particle size and concentration). Upon application of the technique, silver (Ag) NPs were discovered in raw wastewater treatment plant influent and effluent. Furthermore, methodical Ag NP stability studies determined the influence of particle capping agents and water chemistry parameters in a variety of synthetic, natural and processed waters. Method development for AF4-ICP-MS revolved around optimizing run conditions (i.e. operational flows, carrier fluid, membrane choice) to study detection limits, sample recovery, and resolution of polydisperse samples. Practical studies included sizing Ag NP in a sediment-dwelling, freshwater oligochaete (Lumbriculus variegatus) and the kinetics of accumulation of protein bound Ag+. In direct comparison, spICP-MS was found to be more versatile with less sample preparation and lower total analyte detection limit (ng/L vs. [micron]g/L), though AF4-ICP-MS could detect smaller particle sizes (2 nm vs. 25 nm) and elucidate NP/matrix interactions for changes in particle hydrodynamic diameter. Additionally, spICP-MS afforded us the opportunity to determine the kinetic rate of Ag NP dissolution rate kinetics at environmentally relevent concentrations, the first study of its kind. We found significantly variable dissolution rates for differently capped NPs in addition to water chemistries. Tannic acid capping agent was least resistant to dissolution compared to citrate and PVP, while high concentrations of natural organic matter seemed to stabilize the particles over time in comparison to DI water. The residual chlorine in tap water increased the dissolution rates of all particles dramatically, which we hypothesize to be due to residual chlorine. Herein is described method development protocol and results of aforementioned studies comparing sp and AF4 ICP-MS and supporting their use as choice nanometrology techniques for quantitative environmental and toxicological studies. Advisors/Committee Members: Ranville, James F. (advisor), Higgins, Christopher P. (committee member), Voelker, Bettina M. (committee member), Richards, Ryan (committee member), Figueroa, Linda A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: nanotechnology; analytical; characterization; metrology; silver; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Chemistry – Nanotechnology; Metallic oxides – Environmental aspects; Soils – Analysis

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mitrano, D. M. (2013). Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78739

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mitrano, Denise Marie. “Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78739.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mitrano, Denise Marie. “Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mitrano DM. Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78739.

Council of Science Editors:

Mitrano DM. Development of ICP-MS based nanometrology techniques for characterization of silver nanoparticles in environmental systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/78739

University of Hong Kong

6. Degger, Natalie. Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles.

Degree: 2013, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211562

Subjects/Keywords: Oryzias - Effect of water pollution on; Silver - Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Degger, N. (2013). Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Degger, Natalie. “Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles.” 2013. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Degger, Natalie. “Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Degger N. Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211562.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Degger N. Disruption of steroidogenesis and reproduction in marine medaka (oryzias melastigma) upon water and dietary exposure to silver nanoparticles. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/211562

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

7. Shang, Zhaorong. A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model.

Degree: 2001, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/31176

Subjects/Keywords: Silver - Isotopes.; Radioisotopes.; Radioactive pollution - Environmental aspects.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Shang, Z. (2001). A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/31176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shang, Zhaorong. “A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model.” 2001. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/31176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shang, Zhaorong. “A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model.” 2001. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shang Z. A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2001. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/31176.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Shang Z. A study of Ag-110m in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and the development of a radioecological model. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2001. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/31176

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Colorado School of Mines

8. Gray, Evan P. Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues.

Degree: PhD, Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2015, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17072

► Robust methods to detect and characterize engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in environmental samples are an urgent need given the increasing use of ENPs in consumer products.… (more)

▼ Robust methods to detect and characterize engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) in environmental samples are an urgent need given the increasing use of ENPs in consumer products. ENPs in consumer products partition to biosolids during wastewater treatment where they subsequently can be released to the environment through the land application of biosolids. Detailed information about ENP bioaccumulation and toxicity is difficult to obtain due to a lack of methodology that accurately describes exposure and bioaccumulated dose, specifically identifying size, particle number and mass distributions. As a first step in characterizing ENPs in environmental samples, this work compared asymmetrical flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC), both coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), for use in characterizing ENPs in aqueous samples. Subsequent work used single particle ICP-MS (spICP-MS) detection coupled with a tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH)-based extraction technique to examine ENP bioaccumulation in both Daphnia magna and Eisenia fetida. Direct comparison of separation procedures (AF4 and HDC) showed AF4 was capable of separating mixtures (5, 20, 50 and 100 nm) of gold ENPs with significantly greater resolution than HDC. However, HDC recoveries ranged from 77 to 96%, while recovery during AF4 ranged from 4 to 89%. The limits of detection for both techniques were found to be approximately 5 [mu] g L-1. Both AF4 and HDC coupled to ICP-MS are useful analytical approaches, though AF4 is limited by low recovery while HDC is limited by resolution. Subsequent work overcame these limitations by applying spICP-MS because it can resolve and recover ENPs. Tissue extraction using TMAH was capable of quantitatively liberating Au and Ag ENPs from ground beef, D. magna, and Lumbriculus variegatus. Using spICP-MS, ENP recovery was between 83-121% in all tissues. Validating exposure tests using D. magna showed tissue concentrations between 613 ± 230 [mu]g kg-1 wet weight (ww) and 59 ± 52 [mu]g kg-1 ww for aqueous exposures of 98 [mu]g L-1 100 nm Au and 4.8 [mu]g L-1 100 nm Ag ENPs. Particle size distributions determined from D. magna tissues suggested minimal shifts in the size distributions of ENPs accumulated, as compared to the exposure media. Chronic soil exposures of E. fetida at 5 mg kg-1 dw resulted in Ag bioaccumulation from 0.06 to 0.27 [mu]g kg-1 wet weight (ww) in a spiked artificial soil and 0.17 to 0.21 [mu]g kg-1 ww in a spiked biosolids-amended soil. ENPs were observed in E. fetida in both the dissolved Ag control and in the unspiked soil controls, suggesting ENPs can form in soil or may be present in unspiked soils. Future work should focus on further developing methods to identify ENP form and composition in both exposure media (soil, water) and exposed organisms to better identify transformation products, their bioavailability, and ultimately to identify any risks posed from ENP exposure. Advisors/Committee Members: Higgins, Christopher P. (advisor), Ranville, James F. (committee member), Spear, John R. (committee member), Munakata Marr, Junko (committee member), Bednar, Anthony J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: bioavailability; spICP-MS; silver; nanoparticles; Eisenia fetida; Nanoparticles – Environmental aspects; Nanoparticles – Toxicology; Bioavailability; Separation (Technology); Eisenia foetida; Bioaccumulation; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gray, E. P. (2015). Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17072

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gray, Evan P. “Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17072.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gray, Evan P. “Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues.” 2015. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gray EP. Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17072.

Council of Science Editors:

Gray EP. Detection and characterization of nanoparticles in aqueous media and biological tissues. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/17072

University of Montana

9. Shay, Devin Tremayne. Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana.

Degree: MS, 1997, University of Montana

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7496

Subjects/Keywords: Groundwater Pollution Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Sedimentation and deposition Clark Fork (Mont. and Idaho); Tailings (Metallurgy) Environmental aspects Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Groundwater Analysis.; Heavy metals Environmental aspects Montana Silver Bow Cre

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Shay, D. T. (1997). Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana. (Masters Thesis). University of Montana. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7496

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Shay, Devin Tremayne. “Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana.” 1997. Masters Thesis, University of Montana. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7496.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Shay, Devin Tremayne. “Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana.” 1997. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Shay DT. Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Montana; 1997. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7496.

Council of Science Editors:

Shay DT. Investigation of the hydrogeology and geochemistry of a floodplain aquifer system impacted by mine tailings Silver Bow Creek Montana. [Masters Thesis]. University of Montana; 1997. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7496

Wright State University

10. Dagher, Jessica M. The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media.

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2018, Wright State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527531069401526

► With the ubiquitous burst of nanotechnology, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become indispensable in numerous industrial, medicinal, and research applications. Consequently, AgNPs have been alarmingly disposed… (more)

▼ With the ubiquitous burst of nanotechnology, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become indispensable in numerous industrial, medicinal, and research applications. Consequently, AgNPs have been alarmingly disposed into subsurface water increasing the risk of human and environmental exposure. While mechanisms of AgNP cytotoxicity have been reported, research studies on AgNP transport in subsurface water are needed, according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The main goal of this study was to investigate the environmental fate and transport of widely-used Creighton colloidal AgNPs in a laboratory transport system simulating a porous, saturated groundwater aquifer. To achieve this, a large volume of AgNPs was synthesized, characterized using a suite of well-established analytical and microscopy techniques, and manipulated by tangential flow filtration. AgNPs and a conservative tracer, Cl- as a potassium chloride solution, were pulse-injected upward through a one-dimensional laboratory column (5 cm in depth, 2.5 cm diameter) at fixed pH, flow rate, and ionic strength, and pore volume. Breakthrough curves for AgNP transport were constructed using UV-Vis absorption, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Smaller AgNPs (1-20 nm in diameter) were found to elute faster than larger AgNPs (1-100 nm in diameter). Flow rate and AgNP size were found to influence the sorption of AgNPs onto the media, as evidenced by the size and shape of the non-equilibrium breakthrough curves. Facilitated transport was attributed to moderate electrostatic repulsions between the negatively charged AgNPs and the polar glass beads. The transport of the AgNPs through the one dimensional laboratory system and the accurate ICP-OES-based quantification of nanosilver concentration in colloidal samples were translated into two novel laboratory experiment modules, which were successfully implemented into the Experimental Nanomaterials and Nanoscience course and the Instrumental Analysis laboratory course at WSU respectively. Advisors/Committee Members: Sizemore, Ioana (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; Environmental Management; Environmental Science; Environmental Studies; Nanoscience; Nanotechnology; Silver nanoparticles; nanotechnology; environmental transport; environmental and public health; silver; colloidal silver; ground water; subsurface water

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dagher, J. M. (2018). The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media. (Masters Thesis). Wright State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527531069401526

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dagher, Jessica M. “The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Wright State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527531069401526.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dagher, Jessica M. “The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media.” 2018. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Dagher JM. The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Wright State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527531069401526.

Council of Science Editors:

Dagher JM. The fate and one-dimensional transport of Creighton colloidal silver nanoparticles through saturated porous media. [Masters Thesis]. Wright State University; 2018. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527531069401526

University of Montana

11. Mocko, John P. Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana.

Degree: MS, 2004, University of Montana

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9228

Subjects/Keywords: Trace elements in water Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Hazardous waste sites Evaluation.; Hazardous waste sites Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Mines and mineral resources Environmental aspects Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Water Pollution Montana Silver Bow Creek.; Hazar

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mocko, J. P. (2004). Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana. (Masters Thesis). University of Montana. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9228

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mocko, John P. “Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana.” 2004. Masters Thesis, University of Montana. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9228.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mocko, John P. “Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana.” 2004. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mocko JP. Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Montana; 2004. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9228.

Council of Science Editors:

Mocko JP. Spatial and temporal variation of mercury and other heavy metals in a stream contaminated by historic mining : Silver Bow Creek Silver Bow County Montana. [Masters Thesis]. University of Montana; 2004. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/9228

Oregon State University

12. Nix, Cassandra E. A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles.

Degree: MS, 2017, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61371

► Within the past two decades, the rise of nanotechnology has provided various technological and industrial sectors with avenues for significant growth and improvements to existing… (more)

▼ Within the past two decades, the rise of nanotechnology has provided various technological and industrial sectors with avenues for significant growth and improvements to existing practices. With the inherent qualities which make materials on the nanoscale unique in behavior and function, there are limitless applications of nanotechnology. One of the predominant issues in the field is the lack of data addressing fate of nanomaterials, particularly in natural conditions. This is primarily due to the complexity of nanomaterial-environmental reactions, as the small size and large reactive surface area of nanomaterials significantly complicate modeling processes. In addition to gaps in the literature concerning fate of nanomaterials, the regulation of nanomaterials are also of concern, as there are no specific provisions in United States law which specifically addresses nanomaterials. Although data gaps exist for many nanomaterials, silver nanoparticles are one of the most well-studied nanomaterials. Due to their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles are used widely in consumer products. It has been demonstrated that silver can continuously leach from the nanoparticle, and can enter wastewater streams, which may pose a risk to sensitive aquatic life. To potentially reduce the burden of silver release from conventional silver nanoparticles, our collaborators engineered a lignin-core particle doped with silver ions and surface stabilized with a polycationic electrolyte layer. Our objective was to determine whether any of the formulation components elicit toxicological responses using embryonic zebrafish. Ionic silver and free surface stabilizer were the most toxic constituents, although when associated separately or together with the lignin core, toxicity of the formulations decreased significantly. Formulations containing silver had a significantly higher prevalence of uninflated swim bladder and yolk sac edema. Comparative analysis of dialyzed samples, which intended to simulate post-consumer use, showed a significant increase in mortality as the samples aged, in addition to eliciting significant increases in types of sub-lethal responses relative to the non-dialyzed samples. ICP-OES/MS analysis indicated that silver ion release from the particle into solution was continuous and the rate of release was component-specific. Overall, our study indicates that the lignin core is an effective alternative to conventional silver nanoparticles for potentially reducing the burden of silver released into the environment. Advisors/Committee Members: Harper, Stacey L. (advisor), Stubblefield, William A. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Silver

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nix, C. E. (2017). A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61371

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nix, Cassandra E. “A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61371.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nix, Cassandra E. “A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles.” 2017. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nix CE. A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61371.

Council of Science Editors:

Nix CE. A Review and Toxicological Evaluation of an Environmentally-Friendly Alternative to Silver Nanoparticles. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/61371

Addis Ababa University

13. GETACHEW, ATINTIE. IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS .

Degree: 2012, Addis Ababa University

URL: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1598

► Organizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned with achieving and demonstrating sound environmental performance by controlling the impacts of their activities, products and services on… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: environmental aspects, environmental; management system

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APA (6^th Edition):

GETACHEW, A. (2012). IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS . (Thesis). Addis Ababa University. Retrieved from http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1598

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

GETACHEW, ATINTIE. “IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS .” 2012. Thesis, Addis Ababa University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1598.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

GETACHEW, ATINTIE. “IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS .” 2012. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

GETACHEW A. IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS . [Internet] [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1598.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

GETACHEW A. IMPLEMENTATION OF ISO 14001-BASED EMS . [Thesis]. Addis Ababa University; 2012. Available from: http://etd.aau.edu.et/dspace/handle/123456789/1598

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

14. Yilmaz, Engin Burak. THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM.

Degree: 2017, American University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:84486

►

The ecological degradation that we are facing today has the nature of a common goods problem, which presents itself on a global scale. Capitalism’s solution… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Commodification – Environmental aspects; Capitalism – Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yilmaz, E. B. (2017). THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM. (Thesis). American University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:84486

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yilmaz, Engin Burak. “THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM.” 2017. Thesis, American University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:84486.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yilmaz, Engin Burak. “THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM.” 2017. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Yilmaz EB. THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM. [Internet] [Thesis]. American University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:84486.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yilmaz EB. THE COMMODIFICATION OF NATURE, MULTILEVEL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE SCHEMES, AND NATION-STATES IN ECOLOGICAL CAPITALISM. [Thesis]. American University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1961/auislandora:84486

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

15. Okuah, Obrukevwe Anehwe. A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment.

Degree: 2020, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48588

► A lack of involvement by participants with traditional data collection methods for research has led to insufficient data regarding millennials’ worldviews on the coastal and… (more)

▼ A lack of involvement by participants with traditional data collection methods for research has led to insufficient data regarding millennials’ worldviews on the coastal and marine environment. Understanding millennial worldviews could provide insights for policy interventions for sustainable use of the marine and coastal environment. The aim of this research is to design, develop and evaluate an appropriate social media method to elicit millennials’ worldviews on the coastal and marine environment. The methodology used for the research was Design Science Research (DSR), which is a legitimate approach to conducting research in the field of Information Systems. The methods used were a literature review, interviews with social media experts and Social Media Influencers (SMIs), and a focus group discussion with researchers from the field of social sciences. The proposed artefact (the method) can be used to provide guidance to researchers for engaging and eliciting opinions and worldviews of millennials on social media. The method includes a Social Media Influencer Model that illustrates the relationship between SMIs’ characteristics and techniques for engaging the public, and a Social Media Analytics (SMA) Process model that can guide researchers through the steps of eliciting worldviews from the public. Although there are several SMA techniques that can be used, the proposed method uses sentiment analysis as an SMA technique for deriving sentiments from social media data. The method was evaluated by researchers who require a social media method for eliciting millennials worldviews. The findings confirmed some of the techniques identified in literature as well as some additional techniques and processes. It was also evident that using this method could assist researchers for data collection and specifically to obtain worldviews on the marine and coastal environment. The contribution of this study is an artefact that fulfils the need for a social media method for data collection that is more convenient for researchers and millennials and can guide researchers through the steps of eliciting worldviews from the public.

Subjects/Keywords: Millennialism – Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Okuah, O. A. (2020). A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment. (Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48588

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Okuah, Obrukevwe Anehwe. “A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment.” 2020. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48588.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Okuah, Obrukevwe Anehwe. “A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment.” 2020. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Okuah OA. A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48588.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Okuah OA. A Social Media Method for Eliciting Millennials’ Worldviews on the Coastal and Marine Environment. [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/48588

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

16. Soininen, Tiia. Slow Tourism Now and in the Future.

Degree: 2011, Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu

URL: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/37594

►

This thesis consists of a research to a new tourism trend; slow tourism. Tourism industry alters continuously and new forms of tourism are created all… (more)

▼

This thesis consists of a research to a new tourism trend; slow tourism. Tourism industry alters continuously and new forms of tourism are created all the time. The focus was given to slow tourism and travel because it has begun during the last decade in Italy from Slow Movement and it is an encounter to speed travelling and mass tourism. Slow tourism was identified with travelling slowly, living in the local culture and valuing sustainability. The main goal in the research was to find out what slow tourism now and in the future is and what kind of customers there are in slow tourism. The research formed of finding theoretical information about slow tourism and travel and conducting observations on tourism markets in the internet. Several secondary data for instance websites, news and articles were found about slow tourism in the theoretical part of the thesis. In the empirical research on slow tourism, products and services linked to slow tourism were further analysed by the principles of slow tourism. Research showed that slow tourism is still a niche market and open for travellers who are middle-aged and may have bigger incomes than average. But according to findings in the research slow tourism has a relatively big potential to grow because it focuses on eco-friendly actions which are highlighted in today’s tourism, but also to relaxation with time in the busy world. Slow tourism corresponded to current and future trends in tourism and tourist behaviour. That is why the interest towards slow tourism should be maintained to see how this new trend will develop in the future.

Tämä opinnäytetyö koostuu tutkimuksesta uuteen matkailun trendiin; hitaaseen matkailuun. Matkailun toimiala muuttuu jatkuvasti ja uusia matkailun muotoja kehittyy koko ajan. Huomio keskitettiin hitaaseen matkailuun ja matkustamiseen, koska se on kehittynyt viime vuosikymmenellä Italiassa Slow-liikeestä vastaiskuna nopealle matkustamiselle ja massaturismille. Hidas matkailu tunnistettiin hitaaksi matkustamiseksi, paikallisessa kulttuurissa elämiseksi arvostaen kestävän kehityksen matkailua. Päätavoite tutkimuksessa oli ottaa selvää mitä hidas matkailu on nyt ja tulevaisuudessa, sekä hitaan matkailun asiakkaiden kartoittaminen. Tutkimus perustui teoreettisten lähteiden etsimiseen ja havainnointiin internetissä hitaan matkailun markkinoista. Lukuisia sekundaarisia lähteitä kuten nettisivuja, uutisia ja artikkeleita löydettiin opinnäytetyön teoreettiseen osaan. Hitaan matkailun empiirisessä tutkimuksessa tuotteita ja ohjelmia analysoitiin hitaan matkailun periaatteiden valossa. Tutkimus näytti että hidas matkailu on vielä pieni markkina-alue matkailussa ja se on avoin keski-ikäisille, keski-vertoa varakkaammille matkailijoille. Tutkimuksen löytöjen perusteella hitaalla matkailulla on kuitenkin suhteelli-sen suuri mahdollisuus kasvaa, koska se panostaa ympäristöystävällisiin tekoihin jotka ovat korostettuina tämän päivän matkailussa. Lisäksi hidas matkailu kunnioittaa rentoutumista ajan kanssa kiireellisessä maailmassa.…

Advisors/Committee Members: Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu.

Subjects/Keywords: Tourism; Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Soininen, T. (2011). Slow Tourism Now and in the Future. (Thesis). Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu. Retrieved from http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/37594

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Soininen, Tiia. “Slow Tourism Now and in the Future.” 2011. Thesis, Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/37594.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Soininen, Tiia. “Slow Tourism Now and in the Future.” 2011. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Soininen T. Slow Tourism Now and in the Future. [Internet] [Thesis]. Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/37594.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Soininen T. Slow Tourism Now and in the Future. [Thesis]. Kajaanin ammattikorkeakoulu; 2011. Available from: http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/37594

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Ryerson University

17. Triemstra-Johnston, Jennifer. Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design.

Degree: 2013, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3239

► Sustainable apparel design is a discipline based on challenging the status quo. Applying an interdisciplinary approach, this paper integrates the methodologies of research through practice,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Fashion design – Environmental aspects; Fashion – Environmental aspects; Clothing trade – Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Triemstra-Johnston, J. (2013). Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3239

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Triemstra-Johnston, Jennifer. “Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design.” 2013. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3239.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Triemstra-Johnston, Jennifer. “Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Triemstra-Johnston J. Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3239.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Triemstra-Johnston J. Challenging the fast fashion product: a method for use-value apparel design. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2013. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A3239

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

18. NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi, Mehrdad. Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli.

Degree: 2015, NC Docks

URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Tajkarimi_uncg_0154D_11551.pdf

► The recent exponential increase in the use of engineered nanoparticles (eNPs) means both greater intentional and unintentional exposure of eNPs to microbes. Intentional use includes… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Silver $x Health aspects; Nanoparticles $x Health aspects; Drug resistance in microorganisms; Escherichia coli

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA (6^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi, M. (2015). Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli. (Thesis). NC Docks. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Tajkarimi_uncg_0154D_11551.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi, Mehrdad. “Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli.” 2015. Thesis, NC Docks. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Tajkarimi_uncg_0154D_11551.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi, Mehrdad. “Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli.” 2015. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi M. Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli. [Internet] [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Tajkarimi_uncg_0154D_11551.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

NC DOCKS at The University of North Carolina at Greensboro; Tajkarimi M. Experimental evolution of silver nanoparticle resistance in Escherichia coli. [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2015. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Tajkarimi_uncg_0154D_11551.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of South Carolina

19. Othman, Mohammed A. Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Degree: PhD, Environmental Health Sciences, 2020, University of South Carolina

URL: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5936

► Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted tremendous attention as a potential broadspectrum antimicrobial agent to overcome multidrug resistant (MDR) infections. However, a comprehensive understanding to… (more)

▼ Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted tremendous attention as a potential broadspectrum antimicrobial agent to overcome multidrug resistant (MDR) infections. However, a comprehensive understanding to AgNPs bactericidal mechanism of action and the relative role of particulate versus ionic Ag in AgNPs antibacterial activity is lacking but essential for their optimization for potential medical applications. Therefore, a novel method to separate and quantify Ag internalization in P. aeruginosa was developed and validated through multimethod approach. The methods used were optical density at 600 nm (OD600), LIVE/DEAD staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and sorbed Ag liberation assays. After optimizing the method, it was applied to quantify Ag content in different bacterial fractions. To better understand the dynamic transformations of AgNPs upon exposure and the relative bioavailability/biouptake of different Ag species, bimetallic [email protected] NPs was used and Ag:Au ratios were calculated in different bacterial compartments. Results showed a nearly constant OD600 within the first two hours of 50 mM EDTA treatment indicating complete bacterial growth cessation. However, bacterial density declined beyond this treatment condition indicating cell lysis. LIVE/DEAD staining images indicated intact bacterial membrane before- and after- EDTA treatment for six hours. Cell counts observed in untreated controls were statistically similar to cell counts after two hours exposure to EDTA. Whereas significantly (p <0.0001) fewer cells were observed in images after six hours EDTA exposure when compared to untreated controls. This suggested that complete disruption and lyses of cells may have occurred upon EDTA exposures exceeding two hours rather than the simple cell membrane damage or/and increased permeability. TEM results indicated intact, smooth, and dense cell boundaries for untreated controls and cells exposed to EDTA for two hours. No membrane disintegrations were detected even after six hours EDTA treatment, but cells featured very light and thin surfaces near the cell edges compared to control. However, 50 mM EDTA treatment is a very high concentration and is expected to remove most of the periplasm. The plateau obtained in the Ag liberation curve, from the operationally defined sorbed fraction, within the first two hours of EDTA treatment suggested complete removal of sorbed Ag. Whereas the statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in Ag mass content after six hours EDTA treatment was likely as a result of cells lysis and/or increased membrane permeability. The weight of evidence across the multimethod approach suggested that two hours of EDTA treatment at a concentration of 50 mM provided a reproducible estimation of Ag uptake in the operationally defined internalized fraction approximating the accurate value in the Gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa. Therefore, this method was applied to quantify metallic distribution upon exposing bacteria to [email protected] NPs. Ag distribution data indicated that the… Advisors/Committee Members: Jamie R. Lead.

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Health; Bacteria; Bioavailability; Biouptake; EDTA; Internalization; Silver Nanoparticles

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Othman, M. A. (2020). Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of South Carolina. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5936

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Othman, Mohammed A. “Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of South Carolina. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5936.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Othman, Mohammed A. “Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.” 2020. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Othman MA. Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of South Carolina; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5936.

Council of Science Editors:

Othman MA. Development, Validation, and Application of a Novel Method to Separate and Quantify Silver Intracellular Uptake in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of South Carolina; 2020. Available from: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/etd/5936

Western Washington University

20. Walli, Claire A. Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles.

Degree: MS, Environmental Sciences, 2019, Western Washington University

URL: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/877

► Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are increasing in presence in commercial and medical products due to their bactericidal properties and can be transported into the environment… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Sciences; Silver – Toxicology; Fresh water; Ions; masters theses

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Walli, C. A. (2019). Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles. (Masters Thesis). Western Washington University. Retrieved from https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/877

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walli, Claire A. “Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Western Washington University. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/877.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walli, Claire A. “Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles.” 2019. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Walli CA. Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Western Washington University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/877.

Council of Science Editors:

Walli CA. Impacts of Major Freshwater Ions on the Acute Toxicity and Chemical Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles. [Masters Thesis]. Western Washington University; 2019. Available from: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/877

University of Arizona

21. Torres Urquidy, Oscar Hernando. Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions .

Degree: 2011, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202734

► In the current study, the antibacterial efficacy of zeolites containing silver or copper ions or a combination of these metals was assessed against several diverse… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: copper; copper resistant; silver; zeolite; Soil, Water & Environmental Science; antibacterial; bacteria

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APA (6^th Edition):

Torres Urquidy, O. H. (2011). Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202734

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Torres Urquidy, Oscar Hernando. “Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202734.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Torres Urquidy, Oscar Hernando. “Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions .” 2011. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Torres Urquidy OH. Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202734.

Council of Science Editors:

Torres Urquidy OH. Copper Resistant Bacteria Better Tolerate Commercially Available Antimicrobial Treatments Based in Silver and Silver-Copper Ions . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/202734

University of Arizona

22. Torrey, Jason Robert. Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications .

Degree: 2014, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338682

► Heavy metals have been known to possess antimicrobial properties against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. Silver and copper in particular have been used for millennia… (more)

▼ Heavy metals have been known to possess antimicrobial properties against bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens. Silver and copper in particular have been used for millennia to control bacterial and fungal contamination. Metal nanoparticles (aggregations of metal atoms 1-200 nm in size) have recently become the subject of intensive study for their increased antimicrobial properties due to their increased surface area and localized release of metal ions when attached to pathogens. In the current studies, metal and metalhalide nanoparticles including silver (Ag), silver bromide (AgBr), silver iodide (AgI), and copper iodide (CuI) nanoparticles were evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy against two common bacterial pathogens. All of the nanoparticles significantly reduced bacterial numbers within 24 hours of exposure and were more effective against the Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa than the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus. CuI nanoparticles were found to be highly effective, reducing both organisms by >4.43 log₁₀ within 15 minutes at 60 ppm Cu. CuI nanoparticles were selected for further evaluation against a range of microorganisms to determine their broad spectrum efficacy. CuI nanoparticles formulated with different stabilizers (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS; PVP) were tested against representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, Mycobacteria, a fungus (Candida albicans), and a non-enveloped virus (poliovirus). Both nanoparticles caused significant reductions in most of the Gram-negative bacteria within five minutes of exposure (>5.09-log₁₀). The Gram-positive bacterial species were more sensitive to the CuI-SDS than the CuI-PVP nanoparticles. Likewise, C. albicans was also more sensitive to the CuI-SDS than the CuI-PVP nanoparticles. In contrast, the acid-fast Mycobacterium smegmatis was more resistant to the CuI-SDS than the CuI-PVP nanoparticle solutions (2.54-log₁₀ vs. 3.80-log₁₀ after 30 minutes). Poliovirus was more resistant than the other organisms tested except for Mycobacterium fortuitum. M. fortuitum was more resistant to both CuI nanoparticle solutions than any of the other organisms tested, requiring longer exposure times to achieve comparable reductions (~4.15 log₁₀ after 24 hours). As an example of a real world antimicrobial application, polymer surface coatings with embedded CuI nanoparticles were investigated to determine their potential use as self-disinfecting surfaces. Brushed polyurethane, spincoated acrylic, and powder coated polyester-epoxy coatings containing various concentrations of CuI nanoparticles were tested for antibacterial efficacy against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Polyester-epoxy powder coatings were superior to the other coatings in terms of uniformity and stability under moist conditions and displayed antimicrobial properties against both organisms (>4.92 log₁₀) after six hours at 0.25% Cu. Polyester-epoxy coatings were selected for more rigorous testing under adverse conditions. These surfaces were negatively impacted when tested under dry conditions with… Advisors/Committee Members: Gerba, Charles P (advisor), Gerba, Charles P. (committeemember), Reynolds, Kelly A. (committeemember), Bright, Kelly R. (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: coatings; copper; halogens; metal nanoparticles; silver; antimicrobial; Soil, Water & Environmental Science

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Torrey, J. R. (2014). Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338682

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Torrey, Jason Robert. “Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications .” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338682.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Torrey, Jason Robert. “Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications .” 2014. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Torrey JR. Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338682.

Council of Science Editors:

Torrey JR. Antimicrobial Properties Of Metal And Metal-Halide Nanoparticles And Their Potential Applications . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338682

Duke University

23. Gwin, Carley Ann. Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function.

Degree: 2016, Duke University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/13374

► The antimicrobial properties of silver have been taken advantage of by societies for thousands of years. Its use has come back in favor in… (more)

▼ The antimicrobial properties of silver have been taken advantage of by societies for thousands of years. Its use has come back in favor in the form of silver nanoparticles, which are highly efficacious antimicrobial agents. Silver nanoparticles are incorporated into a myriad of products specifically designed for clinical use, but also for general use by consumers. Silver nanoparticles can be found in textiles such as clothing and stuffed toys, and in home appliances including washing machines and curling irons. A large number of products specifically marketed for use by children are also available to consumers, including pacifiers, sippy cups, and even breast milk storage bags. The hazards and toxicities associated with silver nanoparticles are not well understood, however modes of toxicity have been reported for ionic silver. It is assumed that the main mechanism of toxicity of silver nanoparticles relates to the release of ionic silver, however studies have indicated an additional nano-effect, likely due to nanoparticle size, differential coatings, and means of sustained dosing of ionic silver. However we are sure that these silver nanoparticles will accumulate in the waste stream, likely arriving during different stages of a product’s lifespan. A main sink of these nanoparticles travelling through both natural and engineered environments is wastewater treatment plants. As a society we rely on the biological removal of nutrients, which takes place primarily in the activated sludge of secondary treatment. Studies have already indicated possible, temporary decreases in removal efficiencies as well as changes in microbial communities, including losses of diversity, following exposure to silver nanoparticles. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to examine the effects of both silver nanoparticles and ionic silver on the community and function of wastewater bacteria. Sequencing batch reactors were operated to mimic wastewater treatment. They were fed synthetic wastewater and after reaching acclimation, were dosed over time with varying concentrations of both ionic and nanosilver. Cell samples were collected periodically to assess the presence and identity of cultivable silver resistant bacteria and to map the microbial community changes taking place under different treatments using Next Generation Sequencing. Isolates were tested for the presence of known silver resistance (sil) genes as were activated sludge samples from a collection of domestic wastewater treatment plants, by designing TaqMan probe assays and performing quantitative PCR. The silver resistant isolates were also used to test the growth implications, as well as sil gene expression changes, following treatment with ionic silver and a variety of silver nanoparticles with various coatings, all at multiple concentrations. This was accomplished by performing multiple batch experiments and then using the TaqMan assays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Overall, microbial community changes were observed in the sequencing batch… Advisors/Committee Members: Gunsch, Claudia K (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental engineering; Nanotechnology; Microbiology; activated sludge; gene expression; nanosilver; silver resistance

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gwin, C. A. (2016). Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function. (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/13374

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gwin, Carley Ann. “Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function. ” 2016. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/13374.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gwin, Carley Ann. “Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function. ” 2016. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gwin CA. Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function. [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/13374.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gwin CA. Bacterial Responses to Silver Nanoparticle Treatment: Community Structure, Resistance, and Function. [Thesis]. Duke University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/13374

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arkansas

24. Walden, Connie Marie. Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms.

Degree: PhD, 2017, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2549

► As industrial advances make everyday life easier for human kind, the processes by which we need to maintain sanitary conditions for both water and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biofilm; Biological Processes; Silver Nanoparticles; Wastewater Treatment; Civil Engineering; Environmental Engineering

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Walden, C. M. (2017). Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2549

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Walden, Connie Marie. “Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arkansas. Accessed April 12, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2549.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Walden, Connie Marie. “Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms.” 2017. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Walden CM. Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2549.

Council of Science Editors:

Walden CM. Investigating Fate of Silver Nanoparticles in Wastewater Biofilms. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arkansas; 2017. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/2549

The Ohio State University

25. Liu, Jibin. Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System.

Degree: MS, Civil Engineering, 2014, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408927952

► In this study, we investigated the heteroaggregation behavior of silver nanoparticles with clay minerals (montmorillonite and illite) in neutral pH solutions. Bare and Tween-coated silver… (more)

▼ In this study, we investigated the heteroaggregation behavior of silver nanoparticles with clay minerals (montmorillonite and illite) in neutral pH solutions. Bare and Tween-coated silver nanoparticles with a nominal diameter of 60.9 ± 0.5 nm were synthesized following established methods. Illite (IMt-2) and montmorillonite (SWy-2) were purchased from the Clay Mineral Society (Indiana) and pretreated to obtain monocationic (Na-clay) and dicationic (Ca-clay) suspensions. Aggregation was monitored as a function of electrolyte concentration in both homo- and heteroaggregation scenarios by measuring the change in hydrodynamic diameter as a function of time using dynamic light scattering (DLS). Our results did not show significant differences in the stability of binary component systems of bare silver nanoparticle and clays at pH 7 when compared to the single particle systems of clay or silver at the same pH. All six combinations of bare silver nanoparticles and clays in binary systems (i.e., f-f, f-e, e-e, NP-f, NP-e, NP-NP) were barrier-controlled (i.e., high electrolyte concentration is needed to overcome the energy barrier to form aggregates). We attribute this to weakly charged or negatively charged clay edges (e), negatively charged silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), as well as permanently negatively charged basal plane surfaces (f) of the clays at pH 7. The results suggest that the binary system of montmorillonite/illite and bare silver nanoparticles can be treated as a single component system of clays under the experimental conditions studied, and the fate of silver nanoparticles in aqueous system may be controlled by their heteroaggregation of clay minerals.However, under neutral conditions, the stability of the binary system was greatly increased when bare silver nanoparticles were changed to Tween-coated ones. The CCCs of the binary system contain Tween-AgNPs are all above 100mM in either NaCl, NaNO₃, or CaCl₂, and in some systems such as Ca-montmorillonite with Tween-AgNPs, the CCCs cannot even be determined in all the electrolyte solutions. The adsorption of Tween 80 on the clay surface was proposed to explain the changes among different clays and electrolytes. The present results showed that coated silver nanoparticles are more mobile than uncoated ones, and their interactions with clay minerals will be greatly affected by the existence of polymer/surfactant in the medium. Advisors/Committee Members: Lenhart, John (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental Engineering; Environmental Science; Nanoscience; Nanotechnology; nanoparticle; silver nanoparticles; clay minerals; heteroaggregation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, J. (2014). Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408927952

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Jibin. “Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System.” 2014. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408927952.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Jibin. “Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System.” 2014. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu J. Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408927952.

Council of Science Editors:

Liu J. Heteroaggregation of Silver Nanoparticles with Clay Minerals in Aqueous System. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2014. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1408927952

University of Cincinnati

26. Gitipour, Alireza. Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment.

Degree: PhD, Engineering and Applied Science: Chemical Engineering, 2016, University of Cincinnati

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043053

► Nanotechnology has undergone a dramatic increase in popularity in the last decade due to the unique physicochemical characteristics of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Currently, approximately a… (more)

▼ Nanotechnology has undergone a dramatic increase in popularity in the last decade due to the unique physicochemical characteristics of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Currently, approximately a quarter of all nano-enabled consumer products contain silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs are incorporated into a wide range of consumer products (e. g., textiles, filters, disinfectants, and washing machines) and have a wide range of medical, industrial and scientific applications.The increased application of AgNPs will inevitably lead to their release into environmental systems. Since the presumed mechanisms governing the fate, transport and toxicity of matter at the bulk scale may not directly apply to nanomaterials, the potential environmental impacts associated with the release of AgNPs must be evaluated. Furthermore, AgNPs are manufactured with a wide range of physicochemical properties that impact their fate, transport and toxicity in the environment.To this end, the impact of silver nanoparticles on the composting of municipal solid waste was evaluated. Neither the presence of AgNPs nor the presence of Ag+ had a statistically significant influence on leachate, gas and solid quality parameters, and therefore, on overall composting performance. However, AgNPs and Ag+ both changed the overall structure of the bacterial communities within the compost. Nevertheless, the functional performance of the composting process was not significantly affected due to the abundance and functional redundancy of the bacterial communities within the compost samples. While surface transformations of AgNPs to AgCl and Ag2S reduce toxicity, complexation with organic matter may also play a role. The results of this study further suggest that at relatively low concentrations of AgNPs, these organically rich waste management systems can withstand the presence of AgNPs.The microbial toxicity of silver nanoparticles stabilized with different capping agents were evaluated under anaerobic conditions. The AgNPs investigated were similar in size and shape but varied in surface charge. At lower AgNPs concentrations, the anaerobic decomposition process was not affected although the diversity of the microbial community was impacted. Interestingly, at higher concentrations only the cationic AgNPs demonstrated toxicity, while, the neutral and negatively charged AgNPs did not exhibit toxicity. These findings indicate that there are multiple mechanisms for nanoparticles toxicity. In addition to the disposal studies, a study of a commonly-utilized nanosilver solution using a simulated dental unit water delivery system assessed the fate, mode of interaction and physicochemical transformations of AgNPs under a realistic usage scenario. The disinfection process led to the disappearance of the capping agents and consequently transformations of AgNPs. In addition to further understanding the transformations that occur in the process, adsorption of the AgNPs onto the biofilms surface was demonstrated which may assist in further understanding the toxicity… Advisors/Committee Members: Thiel, Stephen (Committee Chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Chemical Engineering; Silver Nanoparticles; Physicochemical Transformations of AgNPs; Impact of Silver Nanomaterials on Waste Treatment; Anaerobic Digestion; Impact of AgNPs on Waste Management Systems; Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gitipour, A. (2016). Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cincinnati. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043053

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gitipour, Alireza. “Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cincinnati. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043053.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gitipour, Alireza. “Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment.” 2016. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Gitipour A. Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043053.

Council of Science Editors:

Gitipour A. Environmental Behavior of Silver Nanoparticles: Emissions from Consumer Products and Toxicty in Waste Treatment. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cincinnati; 2016. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043053

Michigan State University

27. Rivera Casanoba, Nathaly Macarena. Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation.

Degree: 2018, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19415

►

Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Agricultural, Food and Resource Economics 2018

"Mining, electricity, and transportation are currently among the top the economic sectors contributing… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental degradation – Economic aspects; Environmental economics; Mineral industries – Environmental aspects; Electricity – Environmental aspects; Transportation – Environmental aspects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rivera Casanoba, N. M. (2018). Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19415

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rivera Casanoba, Nathaly Macarena. “Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation.” 2018. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19415.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rivera Casanoba, Nathaly Macarena. “Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation.” 2018. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Rivera Casanoba NM. Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19415.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Rivera Casanoba NM. Three essays on environmental quality with polluting sectors : mining, electricity, and transportation. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19415

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Michigan State University

28. Huynh, Khang Vinh. Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics.

Degree: 2019, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:47737

►

Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Biosystems Engineering 2019

"Targeted and untargeted metabolomics using high resolution mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, coupled with 14C-labeled… (more)

▼

Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Biosystems Engineering 2019

"Targeted and untargeted metabolomics using high resolution mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, coupled with 14C-labeled chemicals studies were used to identify novel phytometabolites and quantify the fate of common antimicrobials in plant tissues. Triclocarban (TCC), an antimicrobial that is commonly found in personal care products, was metabolized by jalapeno pepper plants during long-term exposure (12 weeks), leading to the formation of several phase I transformation products (e.g. 2'-OH-TCC and 6-OH-TCC) and phase II glycosylated OH-TCC. Importantly, the concentrations of TCC metabolites were more than 20 times greater than the concentrations of TCC in the above-ground tissues of the pepper plants after 12 weeks. Approximately 95.6% of the TCC was present as metabolites in the fruits. For sulfonamides, upon exposure to the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, sulfamethazine (SMT) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) were also prone to extensive metabolism in plant tissues. Untargeted screening of extractable metabolites revealed that glycosylated conjugates were the most abundant metabolites, which accounted for 80 – 90% of the total metabolites in plant tissues. Other conjugates, such as pterin- and methylsalicyclate-, were present at lower concentrations. Phase I transformation products, such as hydroxyl-, acetyl-, desulfo, and desamino-, were identifed as minor metabolites in plant tissues. For tetracyclines, abiotic transformation and plant metabolism played the key roles in their fate during exposure to Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant metabolism of chlortetracycline (CTC) also led to the formation of glycosylated conjugates and the corresponding 4-epi isomers. More importantly, although CTC was solely added into the experimental reactors, other tetracycline antimicrobials such as tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, demeclocycline, and 4-epi-demeclocycline were detected in the plant tissues. Preliminary studies using soil columns planted with A. thaliana plants showed that phytometabolism of sulfonamides was probably similar with that under hydroponic conditions, with glycosylated conjugates identified as the major phytometabolites. The majority of the uptaken parent sulfonamides and metabolites were found in the plant roots, with limited root-to-shoot translocation. In conclusion, this research indicates that untransformed antimicrobials only represent a small proportion of the total compounds taken up in plant tissues when transformed, conjugated, and sequestered phytometabolites are considered. Consequently, phytometabolism of antimicrobials in planted systems is a critical point for comprehensively addressing human exposure to contaminants of emerging concerns through food chains." – Pages ii-iii.

Description based on online resource;

Advisors/Committee Members: Reinhold, Dawn M, Cupples, Alison M, Mitchell, Jade D, Safferman, Steven I.

Subjects/Keywords: Phytoremediation; Anti-infective agents – Environmental aspects; Antibiotics – Environmental aspects; Environmental studies

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APA (6^th Edition):

Huynh, K. V. (2019). Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:47737

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huynh, Khang Vinh. “Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics.” 2019. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:47737.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huynh, Khang Vinh. “Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics.” 2019. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Huynh KV. Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:47737.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Huynh KV. Plant uptake and metabolism of antimicrobials and antibiotics. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2019. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:47737

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Hong Kong

29. 劉雪來. The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity.

Degree: 2013, University of Hong Kong

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195985

► The advance of nanotechnology has made it possible that pure silver can be engineered into nano scale level with less than 100 nm in size.… (more)

▼ The advance of nanotechnology has made it possible that pure silver can be engineered into nano scale level with less than 100 nm in size. So far many studies have confirmed anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory efficacy of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In our previous study we have revealed that AgNPs could promote wound healing through modulation of cytokines in a burn wound model in mice. Nonetheless, the exact effects mediated by AgNPs on various cell types in skin, including keratinocytes and fibroblasts, during wound healing still remain unknown. Therefore, in the present study we targeted a full-thickness excisional wound model in mice to explore the action and potential toxicity of AgNPs on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Immunohistochemistry staining and molecular assay were conducted to explore AgNPs-induced re-epithelization and cell differentiation in both in vivo and in vitro studies. We next targeted the healed skin after AgNPs-mediated wound healing using tensile test to compare their mechanical function. Meanwhile, immunohistochemistry staining and quantitative assay were utilized to further investigate and compare collagen deposition, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the morphology and distribution of collagen fibrils in healed skin. Moreover, AgNPs of different sizes and doses were studied to investigate the potential toxicity, their influence on cell migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) production. Key results: 1. AgNPs could accelerate excisional wound healing in mouse skin when compared with other formats of silver. 2. AgNPs mediated differential cellular response in skin cells. They promoted proliferation and migration of keratinocytes in epidermal layer, through which the re-epithelization process during wound healing was enhanced; while proliferation of fibroblasts in dermal layer was inhibited and they were driven into the differentiation of myofibroblasts, through which wound contraction process was strengthened. 3. AgNPs could suppress the proliferation of human keloid fibroblasts and ECM production including collagen, fibronectin and heat shock protein, which would suggest that AgNPs had anti-fibrosis effect. 4. The AgNPs could stimulate the proliferation of epidermal progenitors and their differentiation into keratinocytes during wound healing. This biological event further contributed to the re-epithelization process. 5. AgNPs-mediated healed skin possessed comparable mechanical function, collagen deposition and fibril alignment to normal skin, which suggested AgNPs could modulate collagen production during skin wound healing. 6. The inhibitory effect on fibroblasts and cytotoxicity mediated by AgNPs showed a dose-dependent and size-dependent manner. In conclusion, AgNPs not only contribute to healing of infected skin wounds through antibacterial activity, but can also accelerate wound healing through mediating differential cellular responses in different skin cell types and modulate collagen production during wound healing.… Advisors/Committee Members: Tam, PKH (advisor), Wong, KKY (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Silver - Therapeutic use; Silver - Health aspects; Nanoparticles - Health aspects; Nanoparticles - Therapeutic use

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

劉雪來. (2013). The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

劉雪來. “The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity.” 2013. Thesis, University of Hong Kong. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

劉雪來. “The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity.” 2013. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

劉雪來. The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195985.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

劉雪來. The role of silver nanoparticles on skin wound healing, tissue remodeling and their potential cytotoxicity. [Thesis]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195985

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

30. Du, Dijia ENVR. Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation.

Degree: 2017, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-104828 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012529567503412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-104828/1/th_redirect.html

► Challenged by the emerging environmental activism and China’s increased involvement in international dialogue on environmental protection, scholars have called for further studies on the classic… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Environmental policy ; China ; Political aspects ; Economic aspects

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Du, D. E. (2017). Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-104828 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012529567503412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-104828/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Du, Dijia ENVR. “Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation.” 2017. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed April 12, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-104828 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012529567503412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-104828/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Du, Dijia ENVR. “Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation.” 2017. Web. 12 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Du DE. Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 12]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-104828 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012529567503412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-104828/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Du DE. Environmental policy in China : historical perspectives and current implementation. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 2017. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-104828 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-991012529567503412 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-104828/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations