subject:(Sexual selection)

University of New South Wales

1. Klomp, Danielle Alice. The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards.

Degree: Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2016, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/56914 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:42030/SOURCE02?view=true

► Diversity in animal colour and form can often be attributed to communication signals, which play an important role in species recognition and mate choice. Divergence… (more)

▼ Diversity in animal colour and form can often be attributed to communication signals, which play an important role in species recognition and mate choice. Divergence of signals among populations is therefore thought to be a driver of speciation. This thesis examines signalling processes in the species rich agamid genus, Draco, to understand their influence on signal design, signal divergence and ultimately speciation. Draco lizards are known as ‘gliding lizards’, as they have retractable gliding membranes. They communicate with extendable throat-fans, called dewlaps, which are diverse in colour, shape and size among species. Chapter two assesses the importance of dewlap signal design for detection and recognition in Draco melanopogon, by presenting free-living lizards with robots displaying dewlaps of different designs. Dewlap design does not affect the latency of signal detection by conspecifics, but once the robot dewlap had been detected, males responded with greater intensity to dewlaps that best resembled the species’ typical design, suggesting pattern is important in species recognition. As signal components may evolve differently in populations exposed to different selection pressures, chapter three assess the relationships between the dewlap components (colour and size) and aspects of their environments. Males of different species employ colour contrast and dewlap size as alternative strategies for effective communication, and predation intensity may play a role in which strategy a species employs. Further, correlations between male dewlap components and sexual dimorphism suggest that sexual selection is also a major factor influencing dewlap design. Chapter four shows that the different gliding membrane colouration of two populations of Draco cornutus closely match the colours of freshly fallen leaves in their respective habitats as they appear to the visual system of predatory birds. This suggests the populations have diverged in colouration to mimic the colours of local falling leaves and thereby reduce predation by birds. Chapter five tests whether Draco sumatranus lizards use their position relative to the sun to enhance the transmission of light through the dewlap, and thus the apparent brightness of their dewlap during display. Lizards are significantly more likely to orientate themselves perpendicular to the sun when displaying, ensuring maximum sun exposure for the extended dewlap. This thesis confirms the centrality of sexual selection, species recognition and predation as major factors influencing signal design in Draco, and thereby furthers our understanding of the evolution of ornament diversity. Advisors/Committee Members: Ord, Terry, Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Stuart-Fox, Devi, School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne.

Subjects/Keywords: Sexual selection; Lizards; Natural selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klomp, D. A. (2016). The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/56914 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:42030/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klomp, Danielle Alice. “The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/56914 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:42030/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klomp, Danielle Alice. “The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards.” 2016. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Klomp DA. The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/56914 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:42030/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Klomp DA. The Evolution of Diversity: Sexual selection and natural selection on the social signals of gliding lizards. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/56914 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:42030/SOURCE02?view=true

University of Manchester

2. GÃ³mez, Miguel. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.

Degree: 2018, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:315700

► The thesis presented here utilizes a variety of methods and study systems to address how ecological promote plasticity in reproductive behaviours. We study mate choice,… (more)

▼ The thesis presented here utilizes a variety of methods and study systems to address how ecological promote plasticity in reproductive behaviours. We study mate choice, copulation and parental care as the different reproductive behaviours, as they can be envisioned as representatives of different stages of the reproductive cycle and can be subject to different selection pressures. With the use of computer simulations we study the conditions of sex ratio and cost of courting under which a learned mate preference in males or in both sexes can evolve. We found that for males, maternal imprinting is the most advantageous imprinting strategy, but when both sexes imprint, paternal imprinting in both sexes is the most advantageous strategy. We show that environmental change can lead to the evolution of sexual imprinting by both sexes. A study using mesocosm and mating trial experiments, measuring female survival and male mating success was used to study the role of intra- and interspecific interactions in mating behaviour (competition and harassment) in Calopteryx splendens. We showed that intense intraspecific male-male competition reduces harassment over females and increases female survival. On the other side, interspecific reproductive interference can reduce male mating success and can increase female survival. Finally, theory on the use of social learning was tested using Drosophila melanogaster oviposition site choice. We show that fruit flies use social learning more after they experience heterogeneous environments. However, our results suggest that the use of social learning was driven by fruit flies signalling more when they experience heterogeneous environments, instead of driven by copying others decisions, as theoretical predictions suggest. We also show that the use of social learning is an innate trait, opening the opportunity for the study of the genomic basis of social learning. Advisors/Committee Members: NAVARRO LOPEZ, EVA EM, Gilman, Tucker, Navarro Lopez, Eva.

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; plasticity

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APA (6^th Edition):

GÃ³mez, M. (2018). Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:315700

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

GÃ³mez, Miguel. “Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:315700.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

GÃ³mez, Miguel. “Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.” 2018. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

GÃ³mez M. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:315700.

Council of Science Editors:

GÃ³mez M. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:315700

University of Manchester

3. Gómez, Miguel. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.

Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plasticity-in-reproductive-behaviours-as-a-response-to-ecological-changes(c9f90665-0722-42fc-92d3-2603a476b20c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.756867

► The thesis presented here utilizes a variety of methods and study systems to address how ecological promote plasticity in reproductive behaviours. We study mate choice,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; plasticity

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gómez, M. (2018). Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plasticity-in-reproductive-behaviours-as-a-response-to-ecological-changes(c9f90665-0722-42fc-92d3-2603a476b20c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.756867

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gómez, Miguel. “Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed October 18, 2019. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plasticity-in-reproductive-behaviours-as-a-response-to-ecological-changes(c9f90665-0722-42fc-92d3-2603a476b20c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.756867.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gómez, Miguel. “Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes.” 2018. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Gómez M. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plasticity-in-reproductive-behaviours-as-a-response-to-ecological-changes(c9f90665-0722-42fc-92d3-2603a476b20c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.756867.

Council of Science Editors:

Gómez M. Plasticity in reproductive behaviours as a response to ecological changes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2018. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/plasticity-in-reproductive-behaviours-as-a-response-to-ecological-changes(c9f90665-0722-42fc-92d3-2603a476b20c).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.756867

Queens University

4. Dakin, Roslyn. Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl .

Degree: Biology, 2013, Queens University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7857

► Despite a long history of study showing that male courtship signals influence female mate choice in many species, we lack a good understanding of how… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: behaviour; sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dakin, R. (2013). Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl . (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7857

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dakin, Roslyn. “Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl .” 2013. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7857.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dakin, Roslyn. “Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl .” 2013. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Dakin R. Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl . [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7857.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Dakin R. Linking courtship behaviour, colour perception and mate choice decisions in peafowl . [Thesis]. Queens University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/7857

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Victoria University of Wellington

5. Duncan, Melanie. Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology.

Degree: 2010, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1406

► Human females, uniquely among primates, develop prominent breasts during puberty, well before reproduction occurs. Adipose tissue in breasts forms part of the "gynoid" fat distribution,… (more)

▼ Human females, uniquely among primates, develop prominent breasts during puberty, well before reproduction occurs. Adipose tissue in breasts forms part of the "gynoid" fat distribution, involving the hips, thighs, buttocks and breasts of women. Breasts are thus characterised as secondary sexual characteristics, and their evolution may be due, at least in part, to the effects of sexual selection. This partial reversal of the usual pattern of male adornment may be related to high paternal care in humans. Breast morphology is complex, so that women vary not only in the size and shape of their breasts, but also in the size, shape and pigmentation of their areolae and nipples. These traits change with reproductive status and age. Breasts are more prone to fluctuating asymmetry than many other features of human anatomy and such asymmetry may be closely related to some measures of reproductive success. This thesis used digitally altered images to investigate the impact of morphological changes on perceptions of attractiveness and other qualities. Study 1 investigated the impact of four breast sizes and three areola colours on the perceptions of two hundred participants. Breast size significantly impacted all ratings. Attractiveness and health ratings were maximised at the intermediate breast size for the lightest and original coloured areola, and at the largest breast size for the darkest areola. Ratings of nurturance, sexual maturity and estimates of age increased stepwise from the images with undeveloped breasts to the images with the largest breasts. Areola colour interacted with breast size. Darker areola were judged less attractive, less healthy and less nurturing when paired with small or intermediate breasts, but increased these ratings when paired with large breasts. There was no strong effect of areola colour on ratings of images with undeveloped breasts or on ratings of sexual maturity and age. Study 2 investigated the effect of breast asymmetry on attractiveness and health ratings using data provided by two hundred participants. Increasing levels of asymmetry, created by modifying one breast to increase the apparent volume (four levels from 102.5% to 110% of the original) or position (four levels from 1%-4% of the length of the image) resulted in progressively lower ratings. The differences in ratings between the images with extreme levels in asymmetry (107.5% vs 110% and 3% vs 4%) were smaller. Images that had been modified in the models left (and so seen on viewer's right side) were given higher ratings than those modified identically but on the other side. This may be an expression of a phenomena known as pseudoneglect, where people appear to attend more to the left. In Study 3, a diverse selection of images, taken from previously published reports on human breast morphology and attractiveness, were compiled as a single questionnaire and shown to 37 participants. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess the impact of different image types on ratings of attractiveness and health. Photographic images were… Advisors/Committee Members: Dixson, Alan.

Subjects/Keywords: Breast; Human; Sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Duncan, M. (2010). Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1406

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Duncan, Melanie. “Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology.” 2010. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1406.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Duncan, Melanie. “Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology.” 2010. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Duncan M. Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1406.

Council of Science Editors:

Duncan M. Sexual Selection and Human Breast Morphology. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1406

University of Otago

6. Senior, Alistair McNair. The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish .

Degree: 2013, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4093

► Environmental chemicals are just one mechanism by which anthropogenic actions influence populations and individuals. Perhaps one of the most widely reported effects of pollutants on… (more)

▼ Environmental chemicals are just one mechanism by which anthropogenic actions influence populations and individuals. Perhaps one of the most widely reported effects of pollutants on wild populations, in both the academic literature and the media, is that of chemicals on fish sexual development. Plasticity in the sex-determination systems of fish has long been exploited in aquaculture and by researchers working in the field of sex-determination. Such research has typically focused on inducing a reversal in the functional sex of individuals via an environmental manipulation, often exposure to exogenous chemicals; termed environmental sex reversal. In the 1990s British ecologists demonstrated that pollutants in rivers were altering the sex of wild fish. Those findings broadened the focus of research on sex reversal in fish to include ecological and evolutionary themes. Now, almost twenty years since those initial findings were reported, multiple studies and reviews on the subject of piscine sex reversal have been published. The main aim of this thesis is to address a number of questions that have been proposed in the field of environmental sex reversal. These questions comprise the over-arching theme for this thesis: what does environmental sex reversal mean for fish and fish populations? In Chapter 2, I used a comparative approach to test whether differing taxonomic groups vary in their susceptibility to chemically induced environmental sex reversal. I found that most fish species are uniformly susceptible to chemical sex reversal. In Chapter 3, numerous published estimates of the effects of environmental sex reversal on morphology were combined using meta-analysis. My results suggested that both exposure to sex reversal inducing chemicals and sex reversal itself can have negative effects on reproductive fitness and alter growth patterns. In Chapter 4, I used computer simulations to assess how sex-reversed individuals might be used to affect the population dynamics of two invasive species (Gambusia affinis and G. holbrooki). Those models demonstrated that sex-reversed fish can alter the dynamics of populations and may be used as a bio-control. However, impaired reproductive fitness of those sex-reversed individuals may dampen their population-level effects. In my final data chapter (Chapter 5), I induced sex reversal in the western mosquitofish (G. affinis) via hormonal exposures and observed the behavioural and morphological effects of that sex reversal. Chapter 5 showed that both sex reversal and exposure to exogenous chemicals can have independent effects on the behaviour and morphology of G. affinis. Additionally, I found that individuals not exposed to sex-reversing chemicals may modify their behaviour in the presence of sex-reversed fish. Advisors/Committee Members: Nakagawa, Shinichi (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: EndoncrineDisruptingChemicals; Sexual-Selection; Ecology; Teleosts

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APA (6^th Edition):

Senior, A. M. (2013). The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4093

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Senior, Alistair McNair. “The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish .” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4093.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Senior, Alistair McNair. “The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish .” 2013. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Senior AM. The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4093.

Council of Science Editors:

Senior AM. The Individual and Population-Level Consequences of Chemically Induced Sex Reversal in Fish . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4093

Cornell University

7. Cator, Lauren. The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes .

Degree: 2011, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29394

► Understanding the basic behavioral ecology of mosquitoes is important for the development of new disease control strategies and the improvement of classical control. Mating behavior… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: mosquito; harmonic convergence; sexual selection

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cator, L. (2011). The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29394

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cator, Lauren. “The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes .” 2011. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29394.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cator, Lauren. “The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes .” 2011. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Cator L. The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29394.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cator L. The Role Of Bioacoustics In The Mating Behavior Of Medically Important Mosquitoes . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/29394

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of St. Andrews

8. Burdfield-Steel, Emily R. The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae .

Degree: 2012, University of St. Andrews

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6549

► Reproductive interference occurs when individuals direct sexual behaviours towards other species and this causes a reduction in the fitness of one or both of the… (more)

▼ Reproductive interference occurs when individuals direct sexual behaviours towards other species and this causes a reduction in the fitness of one or both of the participants. While initially considered to be little more than an aberration, reproductive interference is increasingly recognised, not just as a factor in determining species co-existence and community dynamics, but also as an opportunity to further our understanding of sexual selection. In this thesis I investigate the causes and consequences of reproductive interference between several species of true bugs (Order: Hemiptera) in the family Lygaeidae. These species have a polygynandrous mating system, in which both males and females mate multiple times. I found that the interspecific mating attempts often witnessed in these bugs is likely a consequence of this mating system, as potential cues for species discrimination, in the form of cuticular hydrocarbons, are available and can be utilised by the bugs in some contexts. This is further supported by the finding that pre-copulatory selection on factors such as diet and chemical protection are weak in these insects. Furthermore, my work highlights the context-dependant nature of both the fitness costs associated with reproductive interference, and also of the bugs’ intra-specific behaviour. When housed in groups, female Lygaeus equestris did not show consistent fitness losses in response to harassment by either conspecific or heterospecific males, despite previous evidence showing that such males inflict costs on both egg production and longevity when interacting one-to-one. This, combined with the finding that male L. equestris alter their mate-guarding behaviour in the presence of other males, highlights the potential of behavioural flexibility to influence the outcome of inter-species interactions, and the importance of context when attempting to measure phenomena such as reproductive interference. Advisors/Committee Members: Shuker, David M (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Reproductive interference; Sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Burdfield-Steel, E. R. (2012). The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae . (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6549

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Burdfield-Steel, Emily R. “The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae .” 2012. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6549.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Burdfield-Steel, Emily R. “The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae .” 2012. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Burdfield-Steel ER. The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6549.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Burdfield-Steel ER. The causes and consequences of reproductive interference in the Lygaeidae . [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6549

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

9. Baldassarre, Daniel. Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren .

Degree: 2014, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37042

► A longstanding question in evolutionary biology is whether divergence in sexual signals leads to speciation. A powerful approach is to examine closely related taxa that… (more)

▼ A longstanding question in evolutionary biology is whether divergence in sexual signals leads to speciation. A powerful approach is to examine closely related taxa that appear to be in the process of speciation, incorporating ecological, behavioral, morphological, and genetic data to understand how sexual selection affects the speciation process. The red-backed fairy-wren (Malurus melanocephalus) is a small passerine bird endemic to Australia that is classified as two subspecies based primarily on variation in two sexual traits: red vs. orange male nuptial plumage color and tail length. My dissertation focused on analyzing the pattern of genetic and morphological variation between the two subspecies and conducting field experiments to explore the selective forces and behavioral mechanisms responsible. Spatial modeling analyses revealed that the two subspecies exhibited variation in numerous non-sexual traits that was well explained by underlying environmental variation. In stark contrast, variation in plumage color could not be explained by environment alone, but rather exhibited a clear pattern of isolation by distance, suggesting it has diverged stochastically as a result of divergent Fisherian sexual selection. I then compared clinal variation in allele frequencies at many unlinked single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci to variation in plumage color across a 3,052 km transect through the species range. Clines for many SNP loci were centered at the Carpentarian Barrier, confirming the existence of a hybrid zone at the location of secondary contact between the subspecies. The cline for plumage color was displaced 390 km east of the genetic clines, indicating that alleles for red plumage have introgressed asymmetrically across the hybrid zone, likely driven by sexual selection. A plumage manipulation experiment in an allopatric population of the orange subspecies confirmed this idea, as experimentally reddened males sired significantly more extra-pair young and had higher reproductive success than orange males. To determine whether this mating advantage was due to female preference or a competitive advantage of red over orange males, I presented territorial males in populations on both sides of the hybrid zone with various combinations of local, foreign, and heterospecific male mounts paired with local, foreign, and heterospecific songs. Territorial males consistently responded most aggressively to the local song regardless of mount plumage color, suggesting that plumage color is not a signal used in male competition. Thus, female preference for red, and not a competitive advantage to red males, likely drives the asymmetrical introgression of red plumage. In conclusion, although the red-backed fairy-wren appeared at first to be in the process of speciation by sexual selection owing to the conspicuous divergence in sexual signals between the subspecies, a thorough analysis of the system revealed a much more complicated situation. This study highlights the strength of fine-scale analyses using behavioral… Advisors/Committee Members: Harrison, Richard Gerald (committeeMember), Lovette, John I (committeeMember), Shaw, Kerry L (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; speciation; hybrid zone

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Baldassarre, D. (2014). Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37042

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baldassarre, Daniel. “Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren .” 2014. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37042.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baldassarre, Daniel. “Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren .” 2014. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Baldassarre D. Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37042.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Baldassarre D. Sexual Selection And Speciation In The Red-Backed Fairy-Wren . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/37042

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

10. Turnell, Biz. Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket .

Degree: 2016, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43607

► When females mate multiply, male reproductive success depends not only on mating success but also on fertilization success, which is mediated by postcopulatory processes like… (more)

▼ When females mate multiply, male reproductive success depends not only on mating success but also on fertilization success, which is mediated by postcopulatory processes like sperm competition and cryptic female choice. Although postcopulatory sexual selection has the potential to be a major force in driving evolution, very few studies have estimated its strength in the wild, or measured it in such a way as to enable a quantitative comparison with precopulatory sexual selection. Likewise, though polyandry is widespread across taxa and is the focus of a growing body of research, estimates of natural female mating rates are still limited in number. I used extensive behavioral observations of a semi-natural population of Hawaiian swordtail crickets, Laupala cerasina, combined with molecular paternity assignment, to quantify pre- and postcopulatory selection in this population (Chapter 1). The opportunity for postcopulatory selection was over four times as great as for precopulatory selection. To corroborate the patterns I found in this experiment, I also genotyped the sperm stores and offspring of a group of wild adult females, estimating the number of males each female mated with, the number of males that sired her offspring, and the paternity skew among these sires (Chapter 2). Both of these studies revealed that postcopulatory selection is strong in this population, supporting the hypothesis that such selection is a major component of overall sexual selection. Chapter 3 concerns strategic sperm allocation, a form of postcopulatory mate choice whereby males differentially allocate their sperm based on female quality or mating status in order to maximize fitness. Many theoretical models of sperm allocation make assumptions that limit their applicability, such as the common assumption that females mate only twice. Furthermore, many empirical tests of these models fail to make a priori predictions, since the species-specific values of the model parameters that dictate these predictions (e.g., female mating rate and sperm precedence pattern) are often unmeasured. I designed a broadly applicable model that is appropriate for multiply, sequentially mating animals. The model's predictions were met in L. cerasina and in the two other species for which all the relevant data have been published. Advisors/Committee Members: Harrison,Richard Gerald (committeeMember), Reeve,Hudson Kern (committeeMember), Seeley,Thomas Dyer (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; sperm competition; polyandry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Turnell, B. (2016). Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43607

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Turnell, Biz. “Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket .” 2016. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43607.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Turnell, Biz. “Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket .” 2016. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Turnell B. Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43607.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Turnell B. Sexual Selection In The Field: Pre- And Postcopulatory Dynamics In A Hawaiian Cricket . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43607

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Otago

11. McLean, Morgan. Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon.

Degree: 2012, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2198

► In many species, members of one sex (usually males) compete for access to mating opportunities. When this competition manifests through inter-sexual interactions, female preferences commonly… (more)

▼ In many species, members of one sex (usually males) compete for access to mating opportunities. When this competition manifests through inter-sexual interactions, female preferences commonly drive the evolution of elaborate male traits. Many different models have been proposed to explain the evolution of these traits. Anurans are a taxonomic group that is particularly dominated by inter-sexual selection. Male frogs spend a significant amount of time and energy producing advertisement calls, and these calls are used by females to select from prospective mates. This widespread importance of a single type of sexual advertisement across an entire taxonomic group is unique within the animal kingdom. As such, anurans are an ideal model taxon for studies of inter-sexual selection, and the main aim of this thesis was to demonstrate this usefulness of anurans for investigating various models of inter-sexual selection. First, the possible functions of male ornaments in anurans were investigated in two separate studies. First, calls from the Australian frog Litoria chloris were used to investigate whether calls in this species are used as signals of quality, or if the main function of calls is for individual recognition. A number of general properties of the advertisement calls of L. chloris were assessed to determine which of the two possible functions of calls appeared to be more important. It was found that some aspects of the calls were consistent with quality signalling, although most were not. In addition, many features of the calls indicated that they would be useful for individual recognition. The function of frog calls was also investigated, using a meta-analysis to quantify the relationships between male signals (also known as ornaments), male quality, and female preferences. The strengths of these relationships were found to be consistent with inter-sexual indicator models, which assume that male ornaments act as signals of quality. This study provides the first evidence of male ornaments acting as signals of quality across an entire taxonomic group. Finally, a comparative study was carried out to determine whether sexual selection has played a major role in the adaptive radiation of anurans. Models that evoke sexual selection as a driver of speciation propose that diverging female preferences within a population can result in reproductively isolated groups, thus facilitating sympatric speciation. These models, therefore, predict that closely related species should have divergent sexual signals. The calls from a large number of frog species were analysed, and the data collected were used to assess the phylogenetic patterns that were present within a variety of different call features. These patterns indicated that many of the call features that were analysed did not indicate that closely related species had divergent signals. This finding indicates that speciation in anurans is unlikely to have been influenced by inter-sexual selection. The field of inter-sexual selection is vast, and has many questions that remain… Advisors/Committee Members: Nakagawa, Shinichi (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: frog; sexual selection; anuran

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APA (6^th Edition):

McLean, M. (2012). Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon. (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2198

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

McLean, Morgan. “Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon. ” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2198.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

McLean, Morgan. “Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon. ” 2012. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

McLean M. Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2198.

Council of Science Editors:

McLean M. Testing the predictions of inter-sexual selection theory, using anurans as a model taxon. [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2198

Uppsala University

12. Jones, William. Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments.

Degree: Biology Education Centre, 2016, Uppsala University

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283179

► How parasites influence the population dynamics of their hosts depends on 1) theproportion of individuals that carry the infection in the population, 2) what… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Ficedula; Avian malaria; sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jones, W. (2016). Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments. (Thesis). Uppsala University. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283179

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jones, William. “Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments.” 2016. Thesis, Uppsala University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283179.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jones, William. “Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments.” 2016. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Jones W. Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments. [Internet] [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283179.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jones W. Malaria infected male collared flycatchers, Ficedula albicollis experience higher reproductive success and tend to have larger sexual ornaments. [Thesis]. Uppsala University; 2016. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-283179

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

13. Fisher, Sarah. Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues.

Degree: 2006, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2050

► Sexual selection plays a major role in evolutionary biology, shaping some of nature's most spectacular beauties and intricate systems. The interplay between competition, display and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: language evolution; sexual selection; birdsong; linguistics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fisher, S. (2006). Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2050

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fisher, Sarah. “Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues.” 2006. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2050.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fisher, Sarah. “Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues.” 2006. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Fisher S. Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2006. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2050.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fisher S. Sexual selection in language, music and birdsong - common themes and issues. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2050

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

14. Smallwood, Eleanor. A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate.

Degree: 2006, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2358

► Dilated pupils represent a display of sexual interest. The attraction value of this display in a potential mate varies between women. While some females find… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: mating strategy; pupil size; sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smallwood, E. (2006). A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2358

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smallwood, Eleanor. “A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate.” 2006. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2358.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smallwood, Eleanor. “A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate.” 2006. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Smallwood E. A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2006. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2358.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Smallwood E. A Sexual selection approach to women's pupil size preferences in a potential mate. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2358

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

15. Szeto, Pui Yiu. Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection.

Degree: 2010, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5340

► Language can be viewed as sexual displays from an evolutionary perspective. As both sexes in humans contribute significantly to parental care, we can expect that… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; mate choice; speech content

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APA (6^th Edition):

Szeto, P. Y. (2010). Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5340

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Szeto, Pui Yiu. “Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection.” 2010. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5340.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Szeto, Pui Yiu. “Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection.” 2010. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Szeto PY. Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5340.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Szeto PY. Origins of Language in relation to Sexual Selection. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5340

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

16. Kauffmann, Juliet Laura Dare. The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris.

Degree: 1998, Open University

URL: http://oro.open.ac.uk/19722/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244415

► The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt. Triturus v. vulgaris, was studied using laboratory experiments,… (more)

▼ The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt. Triturus v. vulgaris, was studied using laboratory experiments, an individual-based model, a semi-natural population and a field study. In view of the limitations of laboratory experiments and field observation, the semi-natural and modelling approaches are recommended as additional research tools. In the laboratory, the optimal temperature for spermatophore transfer was just below 13°C, at which point the spermatophore deposition rate is high and oxygen availability not limiting. In the wild females determine the timing of mating. They are highly receptive for a brief period after arrival at the breeding site (early spring), subsequently re-mating only sporadically. Therefore, few courtships take place at mid-season, optimal temperatures. In the semi-natural population. deposition occurred in only 3 - 6% of courtships with a median of one deposition per encounter. Male mating success is therefore unlikely to be constrained by physiological capacity for spermatophore production. Female receptivity and immigration patterns are thus the principle determinants of the operational sex ratio (OSR). According to the model, a male-biased OSR develops rapidly at the start of the season, but the strength of bias will depend on the breeding sex ratio. duration of the arrival period and extent to which males arrive before females. The OSR influences the intensity of competition for mates and the potential for sexual selection. Males compete directly for females by sexual interference, a common but low-gain strategy. Males may also compete indirectly by courting unmated and unfamiliar females preferentially (both of which have a higher probability of being receptive) although more research is needed to establish if males differ in their ability to find receptive females. There is variance in male mating success but the relative contributions of environmental factors and phenotypic traits needs further clarification.

Subjects/Keywords: 577; Sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kauffmann, J. L. D. (1998). The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris. (Doctoral Dissertation). Open University. Retrieved from http://oro.open.ac.uk/19722/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244415

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kauffmann, Juliet Laura Dare. “The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris.” 1998. Doctoral Dissertation, Open University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://oro.open.ac.uk/19722/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244415.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kauffmann, Juliet Laura Dare. “The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris.” 1998. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Kauffmann JLD. The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Open University; 1998. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://oro.open.ac.uk/19722/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244415.

Council of Science Editors:

Kauffmann JLD. The effect of environmental and social factors on the courtship and mating dynamics of the smooth newt, Triturus v. vulgaris. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Open University; 1998. Available from: http://oro.open.ac.uk/19722/ ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244415

University of Hong Kong

17. Ng, Pun-tung. Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Hong Kong

URL: Ng, P. [吳潘東]. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/181502

► According to Darwin, any inheritable traits that enhance fitness (i.e. survival and reproductive success) would be adaptive in a given environment, and therefore subject to… (more)

▼ According to Darwin, any inheritable traits that enhance fitness (i.e. survival and reproductive success) would be adaptive in a given environment, and therefore subject to natural selection. Some traits that enhance reproductive success but not necessarily survival may, however, evolve through the process of sexual selection. The importance of sexual selection has been intensively studied in “higher animals” birds, mammals and insects but has largely been neglected in “lower animals” such as gastropods. Using two mangrove snails, Littoraria ardouiniana HEUDE 1885 and L. melanostoma GRAY 1839 (Littorinidae) as model species, this thesis documents their various reproductive traits and the occurrence of sexual selection, in an attempt to understand how these animals optimize their fitness. Being one of a few gastropod families that live closely associated with mangrove habitats, various adaptive reproductive traits are likely to have evolved in the genus Littoraria. The two Littoraria species exhibited several, contrasting, reproductive traits (e.g. reproductive mode; length of reproductive season; seasonal fecundity and egg- or larvae-releasing rate), which may represent species-specific strategies to optimize reproductive success. Both species adopted mucus trail following as a mate-searching strategy; with males being able to discriminate the trails laid by conspecific females and trail orientation during the mating season. Since these two snails mate in the complex habitat of mangrove tree canopies, incorporating some cue into mucus trails to aid mate recognition would increase potential encounter rates and hence reproductive success. 1D proteomic techniques identified two potential pheromones in the trail mucus of female L. ardouiniana, but further investigations are needed to confirm their possible role as sex pheromones. Evidence for sexual selection was found in L. ardouiniana through male mate choice and male-male competition. Large male L. ardouiniana showed a preference for mucus trails laid by large (= more fecund) females, but this preference was not seen in small males, suggesting a size-based male mate preference. Males of this species also mated with larger females for a longer duration and they showed physical aggression (i.e. they pushed each other) when they encountered a female. These sexual selection mechanisms may drive size-assortative mating patterns in littorinid species and in other animals. Conversely, L. melanostoma exhibited no obvious male mate preference or male aggression. Such differences in sexual selection patterns from L. ardouiniana were proposed to be a result of differences in operational sex ratio and variation in female quality. As many gastropods show similar mating behaviour to littorinids (i.e. trail following, shell mounting and copulation), sexual selection may operate in a comparable manner in other gastropods. By revealing the complexity of sex roles of males and females (e.g. the mutual occurrence of male mate choice and male-male competition) and… Advisors/Committee Members: Vengatesen, T, Williams, GA.

Subjects/Keywords: Sexual selection in animals.; Littorinidae - Reproduction.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ng, P. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Hong Kong. Retrieved from Ng, P. [吳潘東]. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/181502

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ng, Pun-tung. “Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Hong Kong. Accessed October 18, 2019. Ng, P. [吳潘東]. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/181502.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ng, Pun-tung. “Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma.” 2013. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Ng P. Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: Ng, P. [吳潘東]. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/181502.

Council of Science Editors:

Ng P. Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Hong Kong; 2013. Available from: Ng, P. [吳潘東]. (2013). Reproductive traits and sexual selection in the mangrove littorinid snails, Littoraria ardouiniana and L. melanostoma. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://dx.doi.org/10.5353/th_b4979935 ; http://hdl.handle.net/10722/181502

Montana Tech

18. O'Brien, Devin Mackenzie. On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons.

Degree: PhD, 2018, Montana Tech

URL: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11155

► Sexually selected weapons represent some of the most spectacular morphologies in the animal world. They grow out of proportion with body size or other,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Animal Weapons; Behavior; Entomology; Evolution; Sexual Selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

O'Brien, D. M. (2018). On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons. (Doctoral Dissertation). Montana Tech. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11155

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

O'Brien, Devin Mackenzie. “On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Montana Tech. Accessed October 18, 2019. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11155.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

O'Brien, Devin Mackenzie. “On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons.” 2018. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

O'Brien DM. On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Montana Tech; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11155.

Council of Science Editors:

O'Brien DM. On the Evolution of "Extreme" Morphology: Patterns of Cost and Benefit in Sexually Selected Weapons. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Montana Tech; 2018. Available from: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11155

University of St. Andrews

19. Immonen, Elina. Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila .

Degree: 2012, University of St. Andrews

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3224

► Sexual interactions play an important role in generating sexual selection and antagonistic co-evolution. These forces can shape differences between the sexes, but also have the… (more)

▼ Sexual interactions play an important role in generating sexual selection and antagonistic co-evolution. These forces can shape differences between the sexes, but also have the potential to generate population divergence and contribute to speciation. The aim in this thesis was to provide new insights into the genes involved in different stages of female sexual interactions, using Drosophila as a model system. In chapter 2 I tested whether a candidate gene (period) that influences species-specific rhythmic characteristics in male courtship song in D. melanogaster also has a pleiotropic effect on female song preference. Using mutant and transgenic strains I found support for this. In chapter 3 I examined further how females respond to the song at the level of gene expression, using microarrays. Expression profiles revealed modest changes in transcripts abundance overall, which were dominated by antennal olfactory genes, neuropeptide encoding genes and immunity genes. Many of these have previously been found to respond to mating. In chapter 4 I therefore studied further two of these genes, TurandotM and TurandotC and their role in female post-mating fitness. Using RNA interference I found that knocking down these genes influenced immediate fecundity. In chapter 5 I focused on analysing post-mating gene expression patterns in relation to sexual selection in D. pseudoobscura using microarrays. I explored the consequences of experimental variation in female promiscuity on gene expression divergence as a whole, and in response to mating. I found large-scale expression divergence between monandrous and polyandrous females after 100 generations of experimental evolution. Experimental polyandry increased the expression of genes that show female-biased expression in wild-type individuals and decreased male- biased gene expression. Females experiencing no sexual selection showed the opposite pattern. Out of the genes affected by mating, the majority showed increased expression in polyandrous compared to monandrous females, with enrichment e.g. in oogenesis-related genes. Advisors/Committee Members: Ritchie, Michael Gordon (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Sexual selection; Gene expression; Speciation; Experimental evolution

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APA (6^th Edition):

Immonen, E. (2012). Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila . (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3224

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Immonen, Elina. “Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila .” 2012. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3224.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Immonen, Elina. “Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila .” 2012. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Immonen E. Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3224.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Immonen E. Evolutionary genetics and genomics of the female side of sexual interactions in Drosophila . [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3224

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Queen Mary, University of London

20. Liu, Yu. Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica).

Degree: PhD, 2017, Queen Mary, University of London

URL: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24705 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765889

► Sexual selection can be defined as the difference in reproductive success among individuals that is related to their ability to acquire mates and fertilizations. Mathematical… (more)

▼ Sexual selection can be defined as the difference in reproductive success among individuals that is related to their ability to acquire mates and fertilizations. Mathematical models have shown that combined with natural selection, sexual selection can be an important driver for speciation. There have also been a few case studies showing that sexual selection alone can lead to speciation in nature. Over the past 30 years, the barn swallow has become a classic model animal for sexual selection. The barn swallow has at least two sexually selected traits in different subspecies: the length of tail streamers in European barn swallows, H. r. rustica and ventral plumage colour in north American barn swallows, H. r. erythrogaster. Meanwhile molecular research on barn swallows shows that these barn swallow subspecies are recently derived and thus the barn swallow becomes an ideal model animal to test the theory that sexual selection drives speciation. The Barn Swallow species complex is comprised of six closely related subspecies distributed throughout the Holarctic. Whereas experimental studies in Europe, the Middle East and North America have been conducted, little is known about populations distributed across Asia. During my PhD study I collected barn swallow samples from more than 20 locations across China and compared the difference in morphology of Chinese barn swallow populations. The results show that in the northeastern part of China the barn swallow is intermediate in phenotype between subspecies in North America (H. r. erythrogaster) and subspecies in Europe (H. r. rustica), and is characterized by rusty ventral plumage colour and medium length tail streamers. Using morphological and colour traits, northeastern Chinese swallow populations can be separated from other Chinese populations, and this pattern of phenotypic variation may form under both natural and sexual selection. I also conducted an observational and experimental study on one of these populations, aiming to determine the extent to which variation in plumage color and tail streamers is underlain by sexual selection. The observational study reveals that for male barn swallows in my study population, clutch initiation date, the number of both social and genetic offspring and the body condition of nestlings can be predicted by the colouration of their ventral plumage, while the experiment shows that the reproductive success of male barn swallows tended to increase with experimental enhancement on their plumage colouration. My research supports that the ventral plumage colour is the sexually selected trait in northeastern Chinese barn swallows, and further experiments are needed to clarify the effect of male ventral plumage colour manipulation on their breeding success with the limitation of small sample size in my study.

Subjects/Keywords: Northeastern Chinese Barn Swallows; Sexual selection; Plumage

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, Y. (2017). Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). (Doctoral Dissertation). Queen Mary, University of London. Retrieved from http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24705 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765889

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Yu. “Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica).” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Queen Mary, University of London. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24705 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765889.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Yu. “Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica).” 2017. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Liu Y. Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24705 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765889.

Council of Science Editors:

Liu Y. Sexual selection strategy of northeastern Chinese barn swallows (Hirundo rustica). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Queen Mary, University of London; 2017. Available from: http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/24705 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.765889

Cornell University

21. Kapoor, Vinay. The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird.

Degree: 2016, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43723

► In this dissertation I examine the functional significance of microgeographic dialects in a lek-mating hummingbird, in four parts. First, I develop a novel song analysis… (more)

▼ In this dissertation I examine the functional significance of microgeographic dialects in a lek-mating hummingbird, in four parts. First, I develop a novel song analysis tool, based upon techniques first developed for human speech recognition, to enable rapid, quantitative, unbiased, and repeatable measurement and description of vocal dialects. Then, using this tool, I analyze the songs of lekking little hermits (Phaethornis longuemareus) to quantify dialectal variation in this species. Second, I examine the potential role of male-male competition in structuring the dialects described in the previous chapter. Specifically, I use an experimental playback procedure to test predictions of the hypothesis that males recruiting to leks may use vocal mimicry to deceive territory holders about their residency status (i.e. the deceptive mimicry hypothesis). Males responding to playbacks 1) showed reduced aggression to neighbors' songs than to strangers (i.e. they showed a "dear enemy" response), 2) did not appear to recognize individuals based on their songs, and 3) responded less quickly, but not less aggressively to unfamiliar "mimic" songs. Together, these results support the deceptive mimicry hypothesis, and provide evidence that dialects on little hermit leks may form through the widespread use of song mimicry. Third, I test three hypotheses explaining the role of female-choice in the formation of song dialects on hermit leks: females use dialects 1) to facilitate comparisons between males, 2) to assess dialect-level phenotypes, and 3) to reveal male dominance patterns. I also test a fourth hypothesis that females use song to re-locate preferred males (i.e. "hotshots") and lower quality males deceptively mimic the song of these preferred males to deceive mate faithful females into mating with the mimic. I found no support for the first three female choice hypotheses, but tentative support for the fourth. Females mated with different males within the same dialect at a rate greater than expected by chance, suggesting the possibility that females use song to re-locate males, and song sharing allows mimics the opportunity to intercept these females. Fourth, I describe a novel marking technique essential for the study of individual behavior in little hermits and other small hummingbirds. Advisors/Committee Members: Lovette,John I (committeeMember), Land,Bruce Robert (committeeMember), Webster Jr,Michael Stilson (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; lek mating systems; dialects

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kapoor, V. (2016). The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird. (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kapoor, Vinay. “The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird. ” 2016. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kapoor, Vinay. “The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird. ” 2016. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Kapoor V. The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird. [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43723.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kapoor V. The Functional Significance Of Microgeographic Dialects In A Hermit Hummingbird. [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/43723

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ottawa

22. Oudin, Mathew. Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata .

Degree: 2014, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31740

► In this thesis, I investigate the relationship between two variables for which persistent directional sexual selection is an evolutionary driver: condition dependence and sexual dimorphism.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aedeagus; Diet; Condition-dependent; Sexual selection

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APA (6^th Edition):

Oudin, M. (2014). Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31740

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Oudin, Mathew. “Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata .” 2014. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31740.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Oudin, Mathew. “Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata .” 2014. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Oudin M. Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31740.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Oudin M. Condition Dependence of Sexual Dimorphism in the Antler Fly, Protopiophila litigata . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31740

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Ottawa

23. Godfrey, Corey. Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata .

Degree: 2017, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35743

► One of the major research challenges is the ability to test selective forces in a wild population. A recent discovery of a new dipteran species,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Drosophila serrata; Antler Fly; Sexual Selection; insect

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APA (6^th Edition):

Godfrey, C. (2017). Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35743

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Godfrey, Corey. “Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata .” 2017. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35743.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Godfrey, Corey. “Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata .” 2017. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Godfrey C. Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35743.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Godfrey C. Characterizing Sexual Selection in a Wild Population of Protopiophila litigata (Diptera: Piophilidae) and Analyzing the Combined Effects of Cuticular Hydrocarbons and Wing Interference Patterns on Male Mating Success in Drosophila serrata . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35743

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University

24. Dey, Cody. Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird.

Degree: PhD, 2015, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17407

►

Social dominance can influence the allocation of resources in animal groups and has important consequences for individual fitness. In my thesis, I examined the structure,… (more)

▼

Social dominance can influence the allocation of resources in animal groups and has important consequences for individual fitness. In my thesis, I examined the structure, formation, maintenance and consequences of dominance, in the cooperatively breeding pukeko (Porphyrio melanotus melantous: Aves). I first describe a quantitative analysis of pukeko dominance networks (Chapter 2), which included one of the first applications of exponential random graph models in behavioural ecology. This study demonstrated that pukeko form highly ordered dominance hierarchies, and that dominance relationships were influenced by both the attributes of individual birds, as well as self-organizational processes such as winner and loser effects. Additionally, I demonstrated that hatching order has an important influence on the formation of dominance relationships, with earlier hatched chicks achieving higher dominance ranks as adults (Chapter 3). To maintain dominance relationships, pukeko use their red frontal shield as a ‘status signal’, with larger frontal shields indicating more dominant individuals. I showed that sexual dimorphism in frontal shield size is dramatically different in two pukeko populations, probably due to differences in the intensity of intrasexual competition (Chapter 4). Furthermore, by manipulating apparent frontal shield size, I demonstrated that shield phenotype both influences, and is influenced by, social interactions (Chapter 5). This bi-directional relationship between signals and social interactions challenges conventional signalling theory, and has important implications for how honesty is maintained in this signalling system. Finally, I expanded my findings on pukeko colour traits by exploring interspecific patterns of bill colouration in over 1600 bird species (Chapter 6). This study revealed that colourful bills likely evolved as a signal used in competitive interactions, rather than as a sexual signal. Taken together, my research provides a significant advancement in our understanding of the complex nature of dominance in a wild bird, and provides both a methodological and theoretical basis for future studies on animal social behaviour.

Thesis

Doctor of Science (PhD)

Advisors/Committee Members: Quinn, James, Balshine, Sigal, Biology.

Subjects/Keywords: ethology; ecology; behaviour; evolution; animal; sexual selection

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Dey, C. (2015). Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17407

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dey, Cody. “Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17407.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dey, Cody. “Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird.” 2015. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Dey C. Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17407.

Council of Science Editors:

Dey C. Dominance and Communication in a Cooperatively Breeding Bird. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/17407

Mississippi State University

25. Morina, Daniel L. Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice.

Degree: MS, Wildlife, Fisheries & Aquaculture, 2018, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262018-094625/ ;

► Aspects of white-tailed deer (<i>Odocoileus</i> virginianus) reproductive ecology remain understudied. The accuracy of the fetal age estimation equation in current use is unknown. Knowledge is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: antlers; sexual selection; mate choice; fetal growth

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morina, D. L. (2018). Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262018-094625/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morina, Daniel L. “Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice.” 2018. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262018-094625/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morina, Daniel L. “Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice.” 2018. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Morina DL. Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262018-094625/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Morina DL. Reproductive ecology of white-tailed deer: fetal development and mate choice. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2018. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04262018-094625/ ;

University of Rochester

26. Zhu, Jing (1980 - ). Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28374

► Although indirect benefits through mate choice have been widely observed, empirical work has also found costs of sexual selection. My dissertation research explores the effects… (more)

▼ Although indirect benefits through mate choice have been widely observed, empirical work has also found costs of sexual selection. My dissertation research explores the effects of sexual selection on nonsexual fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. In chapter one, I report a study in which sexual selection facilitated adaptation in D. melanogaster. In this experiment, selection for mating competitiveness in the presence of a naturally occurring low ethanol concentration increased the flies‘ resistance to being killed by a high concentration as a correlated response. In chapter two, to test whether sexual selection can benefit populations by reducing mutation load, I created "stud" and "dud" lines from reproductively successful and unsuccessful males sorted from an outbred mutation-accumulated population, and measured male and female fitness in those lines. The study showed that even though males from stud lines had substantially higher mating success than dud males, females from the stud and dud lines did not differ in reproductive output. The results therefore give no evidence that sexual selection can reduce mutation load in this population. One possible explanation for the mixed observations of seeing costs or benefits in the presence of sexual selection is that the studies differed in the extent to which female choice was the main determinant of male reproductive success. In chapter three, I reviewed studies in which genetic correlation between male reproductive success and female (or offspring) fitness was measured to evaluate this possibility. I predicted that intralocus sexual conflict is unlikely to arise when female mate choice is the primary determinant of sexual reproductive success; and that when intralocus sexual conflict is detected, intra-sexual selection is likely to be involved. These predictions were supported by empirical data reviewed here. Chapter four is a side project in which I assayed the preference in oviposition and feeding on ethanol medium in temperate and tropical D. melanogaster populations to test the prediction that temperate populations would have higher ethanol preference than tropical populations. The results supported this prediction and this work is necessary for testing the hypothesis that utilizing ethanol is more beneficial in temperate zone than in tropics for D. melanogaster.

Subjects/Keywords: Sexual selection; Fitness; Mutation load; Adaptation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Zhu, J. (. -. ). (2014). Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28374

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zhu, Jing (1980 - ). “Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28374.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zhu, Jing (1980 - ). “Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila.” 2014. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Zhu J(-). Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28374.

Council of Science Editors:

Zhu J(-). Costs and benefits of sexual selection in Drosophila. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/28374

Australian National University

27. Clark, Huon Lyndon. Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi .

Degree: 2017, Australian National University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841

► Producing offspring is the most important aspect of an animal’s life. Reproductive success is the cornerstone of evolution, but successful mating is a complex process… (more)

▼ Producing offspring is the most important aspect of an animal’s life. Reproductive success is the cornerstone of evolution, but successful mating is a complex process that we are only starting to understand. This thesis examines five aspects of reproductive success in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi. This is an ideal study species since the crabs are tractable, abundant and amenable to manipulation. In the first chapter, I examine the natural mate-searching behaviour of females and show, for the first time in any species, that there is a mosaic of preferences: females prefer males of different sizes depending on where they are in the tidal zone, and when they are mate-searching in the tidal cycle. This level of complexity in female preferences can partly explain the ‘lek paradox’. In the second chapter, I examine assortative mating and show that there is a strong correlation between the size of males and females in mated pairs. I show that neither mate availability nor mating constraints can explain the pattern. Since both males and females preferentially mate with larger partners, sexual selection explains the high level of size-assortative mating. In chapter three, I revisit earlier work on this species showing that claw loss and subsequent regeneration strongly disadvantages males in terms of reproductive success. By substantially increasing the sample size, I show that males with regenerated claws are not at a mating disadvantage. This study highlights the importance of large sample sizes in behavioural studies. In chapter four, I examine the effect of temperature on mating success. Males can live in the sun or shade. There are advantages to living in the shade: males can be active for longer periods and they are less likely to dehydrate or overheat. Females that chose to mate with males living in the shade, however, would incubate their eggs at approximately 3°C lower than females incubating in sunny territories. I show that this difference in temperature does not affect the timing of crucial reproductive events and does not prevent the females from releasing their fully-formed larvae at the optimal time. In chapter five, I examine the potential consequence of habitat loss and subsequent overlap between species distributions. We can already observe this: a larger, lower-living fiddler crab is invading the habitat of Uca mjoebergi, increasing the competition between these species. I show that the disadvantages experienced by male U. mjoebergi from having a heterospecific neighbour is not necessarily as severe as common sense may suggest.

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; fitness; Uca; fiddler crab

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APA (6^th Edition):

Clark, H. L. (2017). Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi . (Thesis). Australian National University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Clark, Huon Lyndon. “Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi .” 2017. Thesis, Australian National University. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Clark, Huon Lyndon. “Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi .” 2017. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Clark HL. Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi . [Internet] [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2017. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Clark HL. Reproductive success and factors affecting sexual selection in a fiddler crab, Uca mjoebergi . [Thesis]. Australian National University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1885/116841

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Stirling

28. Murray, Rosalind L. The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae).

Degree: PhD, 2015, University of Stirling

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22157

► Elaborate morphological ornaments can evolve if they increase the reproductive success of the bearer during competition for mates. However, ornament evolution is incredibly rare in… (more)

▼ Elaborate morphological ornaments can evolve if they increase the reproductive success of the bearer during competition for mates. However, ornament evolution is incredibly rare in females, and the type and intensity of selection required to develop female-specific ornamentation is poorly understood. The main goals of my thesis are to clarify the relationship between the type and intensity of sexual selection that drives the evolution of female ornamentation, and investigate alternative hypotheses that might be limiting or contributing to the development of female ornaments. I investigated the ecology and evolution of female-specific ornaments within and between species of dance flies from the subfamily Empidinae (Diptera: Empididae). The dance flies display incredible mating system diversity including those with elaborate female-specific ornaments, lek-like mating swarms, aerial copulation and nuptial gift giving. To elucidate the form of sexual selection involved in female-ornament evolution, I experimentally investigated the role of sexual conflict in the evolution of multiple female- specific ornaments in the species Rhamphomyia longicauda. Through manipulative field experiments, I found that variation in the attractiveness of two ornaments displayed by females indicates that sexual conflict, causing a coevolutionary arms race, is an important force in the evolution of multiple extravagant female ornaments. Using R. longicauda again, I tested for a role of functional load-lifting constraints on the aerial mating ability of males who paired with females displaying multiple large ornaments. I found no evidence of functional constraints influencing the mating opportunities of elaborately ornate females, but instead discovered a relationship consistent with positive assortative mating for mass. Biased sex ratios are predicted to increase the intensity of sexual selection in a population, which in turn, is predicted to influence the evolution of ornamentation. I measured the incidence and prevalence of vertically transmitted symbiotic bacteria that has been observed to distort the sex ratio in other Dipteran hosts. While my survey revealed that symbionts occur at high incidence and variable prevalence across dance fly hosts, I found no effect of symbiont infection levels on population sex ratios, or female- specific ornament evolution. Further investigation into the relationship between sex ratios and female-ornament evolution using the comparative method revealed that the operational sex ratio (OSR) of a population did not predict continuous measures of female ornamentation across species. However, female-ornament evolution did predict male relative testis investment across species indicating that female ornaments likely indicate increased levels of polyandry. My thesis reveals that sexual selection theory developed to describe male-specific ornament evolution cannot readily be translated to apply to females. I show that male mate choice, rather than functional constraints or ecological associations with…

Subjects/Keywords: sexual selection; female ornamentation; dance fly; empidinae; Diptera; Diptera Behavior; Empididae; Sexual selection

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Murray, R. L. (2015). The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae). (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Stirling. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22157

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Murray, Rosalind L. “The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae).” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Stirling. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22157.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Murray, Rosalind L. “The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae).” 2015. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Murray RL. The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2015. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22157.

Council of Science Editors:

Murray RL. The ecology and evolution of female-specific ornamentation in the dance flies (Diptera: Empidinae). [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Stirling; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/22157

Syracuse University

29. Droge-Young, Elizabeth Metta. IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.

Degree: PhD, Biology, 2016, Syracuse University

URL: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/427

► Parsing out what makes some individuals more reproductively successful than others is a key pursuit in evolutionary biology. While reproductive success can ultimately be… (more)

▼ Parsing out what makes some individuals more reproductively successful than others is a key pursuit in evolutionary biology. While reproductive success can ultimately be defined as the number of offspring produced over an individual’s lifetime, there are many selective episodes that shape this outcome. Because the majority of animals have multiple mates, achieving matings is but one influence on reproductive success. After copulation occurs, sperm from multiple males compete within the female reproductive tract to fertilize eggs, while females morphologically or behaviorally bias fertilization to preferred males, further shaping reproductive success. Additionally, the act of mating itself may influence parental lifespan or rate of offspring production. Here, I investigate the influence of multiple selective episodes on different aspects of reproductive success in two insects: the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster and the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Established genomes in both systems enabled the generation of transgenic, fluorescently labeled lines: green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by a ubiquitin promoter in D. melanogaster to look at paternity in eggs, and GFP or red fluorescent protein (RFP) tagged protamines to identify different male’s sperm by head color in T. castaneum. I investigated relationships between different episodes of reproductive success in D. melanogaster and found positive correlations between sperm competitive success and offspring viability; offspring viability itself was influenced by a male × female interaction on hatching success. In T. castaneum, I explored potential drivers of their extremely promiscuous mating system and how that system influences mechanisms of postcopulatory reproductive success. I found that repeated receipt of a complete ejaculate directly benefits female reproductive success, but comes at a longevity cost to males. This direct benefit of remating to females may explain why I found that the proportion of different male’s sperm in the main chamber of the female reproductive tract, and not the specialized sperm storage organ as in D. melanogaster and many other arthropods, determine the proportion of offspring sired by each male. The great differences in postcopulatory mechanics between D. melanogaster, found previously, and T. castaneum, found here, illustrate the importance of mating system in shaping aspects of reproductive success. Advisors/Committee Members: Scott Pitnick, John M. Belote.

Subjects/Keywords: Drosophila melanogaster; Evolution; Life History; Postcopulatory Sexual Selection; Sexual Selection; Tribolium castaneum; Life Sciences

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Droge-Young, E. M. (2016). IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. (Doctoral Dissertation). Syracuse University. Retrieved from https://surface.syr.edu/etd/427

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Droge-Young, Elizabeth Metta. “IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Syracuse University. Accessed October 18, 2019. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/427.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Droge-Young, Elizabeth Metta. “IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER.” 2016. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Droge-Young EM. IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Syracuse University; 2016. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/427.

Council of Science Editors:

Droge-Young EM. IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF SELECTIVE EPISODES AND MECHANISMS ON REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS IN TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM AND DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Syracuse University; 2016. Available from: https://surface.syr.edu/etd/427

University of California – Riverside

30. Gordon, Swanne Pamela. Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection.

Degree: Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, 2011, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/42z0v3cr

► Male secondary sexual characters can be quite distinct, striking, and elaborate in nature. Despite many advances in the field of sexual selection, much remains to… (more)

▼ Male secondary sexual characters can be quite distinct, striking, and elaborate in nature. Despite many advances in the field of sexual selection, much remains to be known regarding why some organisms evolve these features more than others. Since Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, many studies have measured the strength of natural selection in the wild showing that it is often strong and rapid (Both and Visser 2001; Pelletier et al. 2007; Kinnison et al. 2008; reviews: Hendry and Kinnison 1999; Reznick and Ghalambor 2001; Stockwell et al. 2003; Strauss et al. 2008; reviews: Endler 1986; Kingsolver et al. 2001; Hairston Jr. et al. 2005). Despite all these examples, a recent review has shown that very few of the traits measured in these studies involve secondary selected traits (Svensson and Gosden 2007). This is unfortunate because secondary selected traits often represent the most complex, elaborate traits in a variety of taxa including plants (eg. Geber, Dawson, and Delph 1998), insects (ex. Stubblefield and Seger 1994), fish (eg. Basolo and Trainor 2002), birds (eg. Hill and McGraw 2006), and reptiles (eg. Schulte-Hostedde and Schank 2009). Moreover, the evolution of one these particular traits in nature, male guppy coloration, represents one of our best examples of rapid evolution (Endler 1980). Adaptation requires both inheritance and selection, however most studies in rapid evolution either ignore heritability and concentrate on selective pressures or assume a particular mode of inheritance. Theoretical models have long established the importance of genetic architecture through sex linkage in sex-limited or sexually selected traits. However, empirical research in this topic is rare. In this thesis I present a comprehensive experimental study of how ecology and sex-linkage may interact to maintain the genetic variation and complex polymorphism in a sexually antagonistic, sex-limited trait in the wild. First I use a standard multivariate animal model to evaluate the heritability of two sub-traits of male coloration known to be linked to male fitness; orange and black body coloration. I also partition phenotypic variance of two introduced populations of guppies Poecilia reticulata) into its environmental and genetic components. The genetic components are then further partitioned into Y-linked versus non Y-linked variance to test the idea that sexually selected male traits are generally linked to the Y-chromosome where evolution is presumed to be faster as established by theory. I also studied genetic correlations among the two color patterns, and use all findings to predict the future trend of evolutionary change in this novel introduction. Using a quantitative genetics approach in this manner can help extract the genetic parameters affecting evolutionary change, and to my knowledge is the first study that separates Y-linked from non Y-linked quantitative genetic variance using a wild pedigree. Results show high proportion of Y-linked to non-Y linked genetic variance and that overall variation…

Subjects/Keywords: Biology; Natural Selection; Rapid Evolution; Sex-linkage; Sexual Selection; Y-linkage

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gordon, S. P. (2011). Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/42z0v3cr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gordon, Swanne Pamela. “Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection.” 2011. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed October 18, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/42z0v3cr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gordon, Swanne Pamela. “Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection.” 2011. Web. 18 Oct 2019.

Vancouver:

Gordon SP. Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2011. [cited 2019 Oct 18]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/42z0v3cr.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gordon SP. Evolution of Male Coloration in The Wild: The Role of Sex Linkage and Selection. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2011. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/42z0v3cr

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations