subject:(Sample Preparation)

Boston University

1. Hwang, Hajin. Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid.

Degree: MS, Biomedical Forensic Sciences, 2020, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41271

► Forensic toxicology is a branch of science that involves the analysis of drugs and other substances in biological fluids and tissues such as blood, urine,… (more)

▼ Forensic toxicology is a branch of science that involves the analysis of drugs and other substances in biological fluids and tissues such as blood, urine, and oral fluid to aid medical or legal investigation of death, poisoning, and drug use. Due to the various components of different matrices, efficient and effective sample preparation techniques are necessary for reliable and accurate analysis. Following sample clean-up, a sensitive, specific, and robust method is ideal for consistent detection, identification, and quantitation of analytes. With the rise of drug abuse, there is a growing need to develop a single method that can target multiple classes of drugs quickly and effectively. This study validated two different sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantitation of six drug classes comprised of twenty-three drugs and metabolites in oral fluid. The drug classes were as follows: amphetamines, local anesthetics, opioids, hallucinogens, antidepressants, and novel psychoactive substances (NPS). Amphetamines used were amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA), and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). Local anesthetics contained benzoylecgonine (BZE), cocaine, and lidocaine. Opioids included codeine, methadone, morphine, 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), fentanyl, and oxycodone. Hallucinogens included lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and phencyclidine (PCP). Antidepressants were amitriptyline, citalopram, fluoxetine, and trazodone. Lastly, NPS included ethylone, α-pyrrolidinopentiophenone (α-PVP), and 2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenethylamine N-(2-methoxybenzyl) (25I-NBOMe). Supported liquid extraction (SLE) and solid phase extraction (SPE) were assessed followed by confirmatory analysis by liquid chromatography (LC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Both methods were validated according to guidelines in the Standard Practices for Method Validation in Forensic Toxicology set by the American Academy of Forensic Science (AAFS) Standards Board (ASB). Parameters assessed include calibration model, bias, precision, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ), dilution integrity, ion suppression/enhancement, interference studies, and stability. Matrix recovery was added as another parameter. All calibration models were 0.99 or greater and all compounds were stable for at least 72 hours. Bias, precision, LOD, LOQ, dilution integrity, and interferences were similar between both methods. SLE yielded slightly better LOD and LOQ values. SLE had greater values of matrix recovery as well as lower levels of ionization suppression/enhancement. Overall, SLE was determined to be the better method of sample preparation for this panel of drugs in oral fluid. Not only did it yield higher values for several of the parameters assessed but it also was more efficient (1 hour versus 2 hours) while using less solvent. Advisors/Committee Members: Botch-Jones, Sabra (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Toxicology; Sample preparation; Toxicology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hwang, H. (2020). Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41271

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hwang, Hajin. “Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41271.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hwang, Hajin. “Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hwang H. Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41271.

Council of Science Editors:

Hwang H. Comparison of sample preparation techniques for the detection and quantification of twenty-three drugs in oral fluid. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41271

University of Tasmania

2. Tubaon, RM. Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications.

Degree: 2017, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/27555/1/Tubaon_whole_thesis.pdf ; Tubaon, RM ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-7895 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7895> 2017 , 'Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

► Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is commonly used for protein solubilization prior to tryptic digestion, while inorganic salts, with SDS, are typically used during the extraction… (more)

▼ Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) is commonly used for protein solubilization prior to tryptic digestion, while inorganic salts, with SDS, are typically used during the extraction of macromolecules from biological samples in bottom-up proteomics. Above a certain threshold, the presence of inorganic salts and/or SDS interferes with electrospray ionizationmass spectrometric (ESI-MS) analysis of peptides and digested proteins. Sample preparation strategies have been developed to circumvent this issue. This work describes electric-field driven techniques for the removal of inorganic anions and SDS from relatively high conductivity and micellar sample solutions in microliter volumes of peptides and digested protein samples. The one-step inorganic anion removal process is based on controlling the apparent electrophoretic velocities of anions at a boundary that separated the sample and the acidic extraction solution (ES) in a fused-silica capillary. Removal of >80% inorganic anions and >80% analyte signal restoration were achieved. The applicability of the method was also extended to the removal of chloride ions prior to the analysis of low levels of arsenic and vanadium using inductively coupled plasma MS. The dodecyl sulfate (DS-) as sodium salts were electrokinetically removed offline using an acidic ES containing acetonitrile in a fused silica capillary dipped into the sample. The high amount of organic solvent collapses the micelle-peptide complex, releasing the peptide and thus is amenable to efficient removal of DS- from the sample solution. Percent MS signal intensity restoration of 74-83% and 89-95% percent MS signal intensity reduction of DS- were attained. Lastly, an online DS- removal system directly connected to the MS instrument was developed. The removal of DS-, and the retention and subsequent analysis of peptides were performed using an acidic ES with 40% acetonitrile. The mechanism was similar to the offline strategy and resulted in the high improvement of ESI-MS signals of peptides.

Subjects/Keywords: capillary electrophoresis; mass spectrometry; proteomics; sample preparation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tubaon, R. (2017). Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/27555/1/Tubaon_whole_thesis.pdf ; Tubaon, RM ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-7895 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7895> 2017 , 'Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tubaon, RM. “Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications.” 2017. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/27555/1/Tubaon_whole_thesis.pdf ; Tubaon, RM ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-7895 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7895> 2017 , 'Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tubaon, RM. “Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications.” 2017. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Tubaon R. Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/27555/1/Tubaon_whole_thesis.pdf ; Tubaon, RM ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-7895 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7895> 2017 , 'Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania..

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tubaon R. Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2017. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/27555/1/Tubaon_whole_thesis.pdf ; Tubaon, RM ORCID: 0000-0003-2926-7895 <https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2926-7895> 2017 , 'Electric-field driven sample clean-up strategies for mass spectrometry applications', PhD thesis, University of Tasmania.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

3. Grandy, Jonathan. Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis.

Degree: 2018, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13194

► Since being introduced in 1989 solid phase microextraction (SPME) techniques have continually evolved from within the analytical chemistry community due in large part to their… (more)

▼ Since being introduced in 1989 solid phase microextraction (SPME) techniques have continually evolved from within the analytical chemistry community due in large part to their clean, portable and easy to handle design. It is no surprise then that these devices lend themselves well to on-site sampling approaches making their use in conjunction with field portable instrumentation a growing trend. However, as with any emerging analytical methodology, it is important that these entirely on-site approaches are developed such that they deliver comparably reliable and sensitive results to accepted techniques. As such, presented herein, various novel morphologies and analytical methodologies based on the principles of solid phase microextraction were developed and validated as a means to improve the reliability and sensitivity of on-site environmental analysis. As an opening project, a portable in-vial standard analyte generator capable of delivering a highly reproducible gaseous headspace is proposed. The vial is comprised of a silicone diffusion pump fluid spiked with appropriate calibration or derivatization compounds, such as modified McReynolds probes (benzene, 2-pentanone, pyridine, 1-nitropropane, 1-pentanol, and n-octane) or pentafluorophenyl hydrazine (PFPH), respectively. The spiked silicone oil is then mixed with polystyrene/divinylbenzene (PS/DVB) particles and enclosed in a 20 mL headspace vial. Using the McReynolds calibration mixture, headspace concentrations were found to be substantially decreased in comparison to prior hydrocarbon pump oil based vials hence, the amount of standard loaded onto SPME fibers was at most, half that of the previous vial design. Appropriately, depletion for all compounds after 208 successive extractions was shown to be less than 3.5%. Smaller proportions of standards being used at each extraction resulted in a vial that depleted slower while remaining statistically repeatable over a wider number of runs. Indeed, it was found that this depletion could be predicted using a theoretical, mass-balance model. At a 95 % level of confidence, the ANOVA test demonstrated that prepared vials were statistically identical, with no significant intra- or inter-batch variations. Storage stability in varying conditions such as light exposure and temperature was also validated over 10 weeks for vials prepared with the reactive and unstable, pentafluorophenyl hydrazine in addition to the McReynolds probes. To demonstrate amenability for on-site environmental applications, a battery operated vial oven was constructed and employed in tandem with portable GC/MS instrumentation for the on-site PFPH derivatization and quantitation of formaldehyde from car exhaust. By using a combination of SPME fibers and needle trap devices (NTD’s) the concentration of this formaldehyde in aerosol particles could be determined and differentiated from the free gaseous concentration. Following these validatory experiments, varying standard headspace generating mixtures were continuously used to evaluate the…

Subjects/Keywords: Sample Preparation; Analytical Chemistry; SPME; Environmental

10 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grandy, J. (2018). Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grandy, Jonathan. “Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis.” 2018. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grandy, Jonathan. “Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis.” 2018. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Grandy J. Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Grandy J. Development of Field Portable Solid Phase Microextraction Samplers for Performing On-site Environmental Analysis. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/13194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Dalhousie University

4. Crowell, Andrew. Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis.

Degree: MS, Department of Chemistry, 2014, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/55988

► The use of the detergent sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to assist in the solubilization of protein samples can be highly beneficial in the proteomics workflow.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Bioanalytical; Proteomics; Mass Spectrometry; Sample Preparation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Crowell, A. (2014). Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/55988

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Crowell, Andrew. “Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/55988.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Crowell, Andrew. “Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Crowell A. Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/55988.

Council of Science Editors:

Crowell A. Methods to Isolate Proteins from Detergent-containing Solutions for Proteome Analysis. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/55988

Delft University of Technology

5. Sanchez Alonso, Carlota (author). Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties.

Degree: 2019, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcadae15-3429-443f-8421-3aa661d8495b

►

Chalk putty is a soil-like material that is formed when intact chalk is disturbed. Recently, it has become of special interest due to the development… (more)

▼

Chalk putty is a soil-like material that is formed when intact chalk is disturbed. Recently, it has become of special interest due to the development of offshore wind farms in the North and Baltic Seas, where in a number of sites piles are driven into chalk strata. Several pile tests reported in the literature show increased shaft capacity up to 4 months after driving. Although it is a widespread remark in the scientific publications that chalk properties improve over time, laboratory replications of this phenomenon are scarce and the results are inconclusive. The aim of this thesis is to develop a specimen preparation technique yielding representative specimens as well as feasible for commercial purposes. Thereafter, the evolution of the characteristics of chalk putty over time is assessed through laboratory tests. Triaxial with Bender Elements, Direct Simple Shear, Constant Rate of Strain and Thixotropy have been conducted on specimens aged up to 3 months. Finding that the behavior of chalk putty cannot be classified among the classic types of soils. On one hand, Constant Rate of Strain tests have shown that the response is comparable to silty soil, with a gradual transition between re-loading and virgin compression lines, leading to difficulty in the determination of the yield point. On the other hand, in shear, the critical state friction angle is in the range of dense sand. Regarding the volumetric response, there is an initial compressive response, succeeded by a constant volume phase during destructuration and eventual dilation or contraction at larger strains. Furthermore, it was determined that the material possesses thixotropic properties when mixed with de-ionized water. Finally, no increase in the shear strength or was recorded while the initial shear stiffness decreases with aging time -due to unconfined preservation of the samples. However, the ultimate dilatancy of the specimens increases over time, this may be a result of dissolved calcium carbonate during crushing and saturation which re-precipitates or re-cements around the grains.

Applied Earth Sciences

Advisors/Committee Members: Ngan-Tillard, Dominique (mentor), Jommi, Cristina (graduation committee), Zitha, Pacelli (graduation committee), Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: Chalk; Ageing; Sample preparation; Soil laboratory testing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sanchez Alonso, C. (. (2019). Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcadae15-3429-443f-8421-3aa661d8495b

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sanchez Alonso, Carlota (author). “Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcadae15-3429-443f-8421-3aa661d8495b.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sanchez Alonso, Carlota (author). “Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties.” 2019. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sanchez Alonso C(. Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcadae15-3429-443f-8421-3aa661d8495b.

Council of Science Editors:

Sanchez Alonso C(. Chalk putty: specimen preparation and aging properties. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2019. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcadae15-3429-443f-8421-3aa661d8495b

University of Arizona

6. Sin, Lai Yi Mandy. IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING .

Degree: 2011, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205176

► Electrokinetics based microfluidic systems are potentially promising for lab-on-a-chip applications due to their effectiveness in manipulating nanoscale and biological objects, label-free operation, simple fabrication processes,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Sample Preparation; Mechanical Engineering; Electrochemical Biosensing; Electrokinetic

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sin, L. Y. M. (2011). IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205176

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sin, Lai Yi Mandy. “IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING .” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205176.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sin, Lai Yi Mandy. “IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING .” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Sin LYM. IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205176.

Council of Science Editors:

Sin LYM. IN SITU ELECTROKINETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYER BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL BIOSENSING . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205176

University of Minnesota

7. Reuter, Anthony Joseph. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.

Degree: MS, Food science, 2013, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/152354

►

University of Minnesota M.S. thesis. April 2013. Major: Food science. Advisors: Tonya Schoenfuss, Ph.D., Leonard Marquart, Ph.D., R.D. 1 computer file (PDF); vii, 143 pages,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Homogenization; Milk analysis; Near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR; Sample preparation; Sample presentation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Reuter, A. J. (2013). Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/152354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reuter, Anthony Joseph. “Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://purl.umn.edu/152354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reuter, Anthony Joseph. “Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reuter AJ. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/152354.

Council of Science Editors:

Reuter AJ. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2013. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/152354

University of Minnesota

8. Reuter, Anthony Joseph. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.

Degree: MS, Food science, 2013, University of Minnesota

URL: http://purl.umn.edu/152354

► Raw milk is hard to analyze by NIR because of light scattering caused by large particles in the fat component; however, improvements to sample preparation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Homogenization; Milk analysis; Near-infrared spectroscopy; NIR; Sample preparation; Sample presentation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Reuter, A. J. (2013). Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://purl.umn.edu/152354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Reuter, Anthony Joseph. “Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://purl.umn.edu/152354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Reuter, Anthony Joseph. “Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Reuter AJ. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/152354.

Council of Science Editors:

Reuter AJ. Optimizing sample preparation and scanning methods for component analysis of raw milk by fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2013. Available from: http://purl.umn.edu/152354

University of Michigan

9. Xu, Yi. Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2018, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147700

► Epigenome regulates gene expression without changing the order of nucleotide sequences in DNA and has been confirmed to be involved in enormous numbers of biological… (more)

▼ Epigenome regulates gene expression without changing the order of nucleotide sequences in DNA and has been confirmed to be involved in enormous numbers of biological processes including cell proliferation and differentiation, DNA replication and repair, and disease development. It is of medical relevance to further our understanding of the complex network of epigenomic regulation and apply the knowledge in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy development. Eventually, profiling and screening personal epigenome can make a crucial part in precision medicine. Current investigating methods of epigenome usually start with a large number of cells and rely on manual processing of massive numbers of sample preparation prior to data readout, unrealistic in clinical settings where sample sizes may be limited, user qualification may vary, and human resources may also be inefficient. Signals from single cells are also buried due to bulk processing, limiting the application of these powerful assays in heterogeneous epigenome mapping. Thus, automating epigenomic assays using droplet microfluidics were proposed, aiming to utilizing the favorable features of droplets to approach flexible sample-sized, automated epigenomic assays starting directly from cells for qualified clinical usages. The first trial was using droplet microfluidics to automate samples preparation for an assay probing nucleosome positioning called MNase-seq. Using a droplet microfluidic device to encapsulate cells with lysis and digestion reagent, cellular chromatin was digested extensively to mononucleosomes (yield at ~ 80%) with sample sizes ranging from 125,000 cells to 2,500 cells. Next-generation sequencing of purified mononucleosomal DNA from these samples validated the efficacy of this platform to generate qualified samples for nucleosome mapping with results in consistency with literatures. Clinical samples from 5 pairs of septic shock patients and matched non-septic controls along with 3 healthy controls (buffy coat extracted directly from whole blood) were also successfully processed by the same strategy and the sequencing results conveyed diagnostic values from the identified nucleosome positioning. More patients need to be enrolled to continue the clinical study to further validate the clinical relevance of nucleosome mapping from samples generated droplet microfluidically. To push forward the droplet microfluidic sample preparation, another device capable of preparing two samples for two different assays from the same cell sample was designed and characterized. Using a bifurcating channel design, droplets were aliquoted randomly to two directions allowing digestion of chromatin to different extents. Nucleosome-depleted regions as well as nucleosomal regions were both recovered for the detection of accessible regions and nucleosome locations, respectively. qPCR quality control results confirmed the enrichment of nucleosome-depleted, linker regions where regulatory sequences are located from the samples prepared on the device (fold change ≥5).… Advisors/Committee Members: Bailey, Ryan Castle (committee member), Fu, Jianping (committee member), Kennedy, Robert T (committee member), Ordog, Tamas (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Droplet microfluidics; Epigenetics; Low-input sample processing; Automated sample preparation; Biomedical Engineering; Chemistry; Engineering; Science

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xu, Y. (2018). Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147700

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xu, Yi. “Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147700.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xu, Yi. “Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics.” 2018. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Xu Y. Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147700.

Council of Science Editors:

Xu Y. Towards Automated Epigenetics: Sample Processing with Droplet Microfluidics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/147700

University of California – Berkeley

10. Yeh, Erh-Chia. Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care.

Degree: Bioengineering, 2015, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/99s48767

► Ideal point-of-care medical diagnostic devices are low cost assays capable of performing quantitative on-site rapid testing with high sensitivity and minimal manual steps. Current mainstream… (more)

▼ Ideal point-of-care medical diagnostic devices are low cost assays capable of performing quantitative on-site rapid testing with high sensitivity and minimal manual steps. Current mainstream assays have several key limitations. Take, for instance, the common lateral flow assay—e.g. the pregnancy dipstick test. Such assays produce rapid results at low cost; however, they are mostly qualitative tests yielding only positive/negative results rather than quantitative figures. Other standard immunosorbant assays such as ELISA yield quantitative results but require several hours and extensive manual operation. At the other end of the spectrum, nucleic acid amplification techniques such as quantitative real-time PCR can deliver much higher sensitivity and selectivity. Unfortunately, these require costly equipment and several sample preparation steps. In this thesis, an integrated low-cost microfluidic chip and peripheral technologies for quantitative molecular diagnostics is described. These technical advances are designed to address the prevailing dilemmas described above. Researchers have developed and integrated several key components with microfluidic lab-on-chip miniaturization technology. In line with cutting-edge technology, a novel reagent patterning method, termed “digital micro-patterning”, was developed. A very simple method, it can be adopted at low-resource laboratory settings with mainstream equipment. Digital micro-patterning is unique in the sense that it can digitally pattern and concentrate reagents into highly defined micro-patterns. As a proof of concept, it was possible to pattern isothermal amplification reagents in hundreds of microwells and run amplification reactions in these wells. Next, a next-generation passive microfluidic pumping technology, termed the “vacuum battery system”, has been developed. This system allows for precise passive microfluidic pumping without external pumps, controls, or power sources for up to several hours. It does not require opaque fibers as in capillary systems (e.g. lateral flow assays), thus rendering this pumping method very attractive for optical detection platforms. The vacuum battery system is also significantly more robust compared to previous degas pumping techniques. Due to its portability, excellent optical properties, low cost, and the ability for complete integration with microfluidics, this platform technology opens exciting new opportunities to create a nouveau generation of standalone microfluidic chips readily operable in field settings. Additionally, a microfluidic sample preparation technology termed “digital plasma separation” has been developed. This technology uses parallel micro-cliff-like structures and gravity sedimentation to simultaneously separate plasma and compartmentalize samples into hundreds of micro-wells within minutes. Such sample preparation method enables isothermal digital nucleic acid amplification in one step. As a proof of concept, these technologies were integrated into a single microfluidic chip, termed the…

Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical engineering; diagnostics; digital; microfluidics; Point-of-Care; pumping; sample preparation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Yeh, E. (2015). Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/99s48767

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yeh, Erh-Chia. “Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/99s48767.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yeh, Erh-Chia. “Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Yeh E. Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/99s48767.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Yeh E. Integrated Microfluidic Molecular Diagnostics for Point-of-Care. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/99s48767

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tasmania

11. Hon, WB. Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process.

Degree: 2011, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12467/3/Whole_Thesis_.pdf

► This work presents a systematic study of macroporous polymer monoliths and their use as stationary phases for microscale separation and as supports for immobilized trypsin… (more)

▼ This work presents a systematic study of macroporous polymer monoliths and their use as stationary phases for microscale separation and as supports for immobilized trypsin digestion in pipette tip format for bioanalysis. Reversed-phase/cation-exchange mixed-mode polymer monolithic columns were prepared in situ within fused-silica capillaries via UV-initiated free-radical polymerization reaction. Control of the porous properties was achieved by varying the ratio of porogenic solvents (e.g. 1,4-butanediol and 1-propanol), the type of porogenic solvents used and the relative amounts of functional monomers and cross-linker. These columns were successfully used for the separation of a mixture of selected acidic drugs and beta-blockers, namely ketoprofen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, arterenol and propranolol. Monolithic columns with higher amounts of cross-linker were shown to give better repeatability. Furthermore, the separation mechanism of the investigated compounds was shown to be dual mode hydrophobic/ion-exchange interaction of the analytes with the hydrophobic and cation-exchange monolith. All these properties demonstrated the potential of these devices for solid-phase extraction and sample enrichment purposes in miniaturized formats. Based on the success of the previous work a trypsin-immobilized monolithic polymer with pipette-tip format was also investigated to explore the utility of using a tip-based protein digestion methodology in a bioanalytical setting. The excellent performance of immobilized enzymatic polypropylene pipette (IMEPP) tips was characterized using MicrOTOF-Q quadrupole time-of-flight MS and triple quadrupole LC-MS/MS systems. Very high sequence coverages of over 90% were achieved for the digestion of proteins ranging from low molecular weight to high molecular weight proteins with short contact times prior to MS analysis, which is comparable to 24 h digestion in solution. In addition, quantitative analysis of target proteins spiked in rat plasma was demonstrated for the first time with relatively good linearity over a wide range from 40-1000 ng/mL. The developed IMEPP tips exhibit high plasma loading capacity up to 40 uL of plasma that can be used to yield the highest efficiency for digestion. The IMEPP tip approach is thus rapid, reliable, and robust suggesting the potential of this approach to improve sample throughput for pharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic studies, leading to faster and safer discovery of new drugs to treat diseases. The trypsin immobilized polymer monolith was prepared in situ in syringe-compatible glass tube and evaluated for the digestion of protein. Preliminary results showed that the enzyme on the immobilized bed exhibited high proteolytic performance in this special format. The present glass tube bioreactor provides a promising platform for the full automation, on-line coupling to detection systems, short sample preparation times and high-throughput protein digestion.

Subjects/Keywords: mixed mode; polymer monolith; high throughput; immobilized enzyme; sample preparation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Hon, W. (2011). Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12467/3/Whole_Thesis_.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hon, WB. “Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process.” 2011. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12467/3/Whole_Thesis_.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hon, WB. “Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process.” 2011. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Hon W. Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12467/3/Whole_Thesis_.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hon W. Miniaturization of the bioanalytical process. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2011. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/12467/3/Whole_Thesis_.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Brigham Young University

12. Nge, Pamela Nsang. Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers.

Degree: PhD, 2012, Brigham Young University

URL: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4917&context=etd

► Biomarkers present a non-invasive means of detecting cancer because they can be obtained from body fluids. They can also be used for prognosis and assessing… (more)

▼ Biomarkers present a non-invasive means of detecting cancer because they can be obtained from body fluids. They can also be used for prognosis and assessing response to treatment. To limit interferences it is essential to pretreat biological samples before analysis. Sample preparation methods include extraction of analyte from an unsuitable matrix, purification, concentration or dilution and labeling. The many advantages offered by microfluidics include portability, speed, automation and integration. Because of the difficulties encountered in integrating this step in microfluidic devices most sample preparation methods are often carried out off-chip. In the fabrication of micro-total analysis systems it is important that all steps be integrated in a single platform. To fabricate polymeric microdevices, I prepared templates from silicon wafers by the process of photolithography. The design on the template was transferred to a polymer piece by hot embossing, and a complete device was formed by bonding the imprinted piece with a cover plate. I prepared affinity columns in these devices and used them for protein extraction. The affinity monolith was prepared from reactive monomers to facilitate immobilization of antibodies. Extraction and concentration of biomarkers on this column showed specificity to the target molecule. This shows that biomarkers could be extracted, purified and concentrated with the use of microfluidic affinity columns.I prepared negatively charged ion-permeable membranes in poly(methyl methacrylate) microchips by in situ polymerization just beyond the injection intersection. Cancer marker proteins were electrophoretically concentrated at the intersection by exclusion from this membrane on the basis of both size and charge, prior to microchip capillary electrophoresis. I optimized separation conditions to achieve baseline separation of the proteins. Band broadening and peak tailing were limited by controlling the preconcentration time. Under my optimized conditions a 40-fold enrichment of bovine serum albumin was achieved with 4 min of preconcentration while >10-fold enrichment was obtained for cancer biomarker proteins with just 1 min of preconcentration. I have also demonstrated that the processes of sample enrichment, on-chip fluorescence labeling and purification could be automated in a single voltage-driven platform. This required the preparation of a reversed-phase monolithic column, polymerized from butyl methacrylate monomers, in cyclic olefin copolymer microdevices. Samples enriched through solid phase extraction were labeled on the column, and much of the unreacted dye was rinsed off before elution. The retention and elution characteristics of fluorophores, amino acids and proteins on these columns were investigated. A linear relationship between eluted peak areas and protein concentration demonstrated that this technique could be used to quantify on-chip labeled samples. This approach could also be used to simultaneously concentrate, label and separate multiple proteins.

Subjects/Keywords: biomarkers; capillary electrophoresis; capillary electrochromatography; microfluidics; sample preparation; Biochemistry; Chemistry

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nge, P. N. (2012). Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4917&context=etd

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nge, Pamela Nsang. “Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Brigham Young University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4917&context=etd.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nge, Pamela Nsang. “Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nge PN. Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4917&context=etd.

Council of Science Editors:

Nge PN. Microfluidic Devices with Integrated Sample Preparation for Improved Analysis of Protein Biomarkers. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brigham Young University; 2012. Available from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4917&context=etd

University of Toronto

13. Nguyen, John. Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count.

Degree: 2014, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/68067

►

This thesis describes a monolithic microfluidic device capable of complete blood constituent enumeration from whole blood. For the first time, on-chip sample processing (e.g. dilution,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: blood count; differential; enumeration; microfluidics; sample preparation; whole blood; 0541

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nguyen, J. (2014). Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/68067

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nguyen, John. “Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/68067.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nguyen, John. “Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nguyen J. Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/68067.

Council of Science Editors:

Nguyen J. Development of a Fully Monolithic Microfluidic Device for Complete Blood Count. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/68067

14. M.C. Zorzoli. AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

Degree: 2010, Università degli Studi di Milano

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150037

► Developing high-capacity sample preparation systems and strategies are of key importance in providing breakthrough in the time required to develop a drug by increasing the… (more)

▼ Developing high-capacity sample preparation systems and strategies are of key importance in providing breakthrough in the time required to develop a drug by increasing the number/time of analyzed samples. This objective must be achieved without loosing quality within the obtained data and it is of paramount importance in Pharmacokinetic/dynamic studies. The aim of this PhD project in Analytical Chemistry is to automize the manual sample preparation processes for LC/MS analysis using high throughput techniques, and to insert the developed process in the frame of a pharmaceutical bioanalytical process managed by a LIMS system. Sample preparation by protein precipitation is routinely used for removal of matrix component from biological fluids (typically plasma) prior to analysis. It is a generic sample preparation technique, applicable to a broad range of analyte types. Conventional protein precipitation is carried out in vials or collections microplates, with subsequent centrifugation and supernatant removal. Recently, filterplate precipitation has increased in acceptance, because this approach significantly reduces manual liquid handling steps and is readily automated. Automate an assay is important to increase process reproducibility and often the throughput in the laboratory make free from time-consuming repetitive tasks and gave more time for creative thinking. Automated systems will not automatically improve the quality of pipetting and yield. Only in the case of a well-defined assay with a protocol well adapted to the automated process, yield can be expected to be equal or better than in the manual process. Some assays require manual steps that require close eye-hand interaction: e.g. moving the tip of a droplet and aspirate following the droplet. In other words: mimicking complex manual processes can be a challenge even with a robotic workstation’s technology that is using advanced monitoring features to imitate such manual operations. Most liquid handling workstations have a similar hardware architecture. They consist of a deck that is the workbench, where labware with reagents and samples are placed, a pipetting arm that holds the actual pipetting units. The arm moves across the deck so that the pipetting units can reach the labware. There are individual pipetting units as well as pipetting “blocks” in 8-well format, 96-well format or 384-well format. The main and basic parameters that make Hamilton automation so efficient are Liquid Level Detection (LLD), Monitored Air Displacement (MAD), CO-RE, Total Aspirate and Dispense Monitoring (TADM) and Anti Droplet Control (ADC) Technologies. With this preliminary remarks and with a good skill of Microlab Star Vector Software it could be possible to adapt and to perform laboratory methods to increase processes reproducibility and the throughput in the laboratory. The first aim of my project, after having learnt how to use the software and how to adapt the methods to the robot ability, has been to perform a Protein Precipitation Method with a high level of… Advisors/Committee Members: coordinatore: Carlo De Micheli, docente guida: Marina Carini, tutor aziendale: Luca Barbero, CARINI, MARINA, DE MICHELI, CARLO.

Subjects/Keywords: automation; high-throughput; sample preparation; bioanalytics; Settore CHIM/08 - Chimica Farmaceutica

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zorzoli, M. (2010). AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. (Thesis). Università degli Studi di Milano. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150037

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zorzoli, M.C.. “AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.” 2010. Thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150037.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zorzoli, M.C.. “AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.” 2010. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Zorzoli M. AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. [Internet] [Thesis]. Università degli Studi di Milano; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150037.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Zorzoli M. AUTOMATION OF SAMPLE PRAPARATION IN BIOANALYTICS FOR HIGH-THROUGHPUT, ACCURATE LC-MS/MS ANALYSIS AND LABORATORY INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM. [Thesis]. Università degli Studi di Milano; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2434/150037

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

North-West University

15. Van den Berg, Elaine. Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg .

Degree: 2010, North-West University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5105

► Stability plays an important role in the development of a new drug product. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is considered a stability indicating method of… (more)

▼ Stability plays an important role in the development of a new drug product. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is considered a stability indicating method of analysis. It is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry for the quantification of small organic molecules during stability testing. Previous stability studies conducted on Pheroid™-based drug products, experienced problems with the generation of reliable data by means of HPLC analysis. With these studies it was concluded that the inconclusive results could either be attributed to the stability of the delivery system itself and the compatibility of the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API's) with the delivery system, or to the usage of unsuitable HPLC methods. The aims of this study were to: i. determine if the Pheroid™ delivery system changes significantly over time at accelerated storage conditions and how these changes influence the HPLC analysis, ii. determine the effect of the anti-oxidant tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) on the stability and HPLC analysis of the Pheroid™ delivery system, and iii. to suggest a suitable approach for the analysis of Pheroid™-based drug products. Pheroid™ microsponges, containing no API's, were prepared and stored for a period of three months at 5°C, 25°C+60%RH, 30°C+65%RH and 40°C+75%RH. Two of the four Pheroid™ formulations contained an extra anti-oxidant, namely TBHQ. Monthly HPLC analyses were done using existing methods for mefloquine and artesunate. In addition to HPLC analysis, particle size analysis and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) were undertaken to support the HPLC results and provide information concerning the overall stability of the Pheroid™ delivery system. After the completion of the above analyses, experiments were carried out to determine whether adjustments to some of the key chromatographic parameters could improve the separation of Pheroid™-based samples. The parameters that were subjected to change included the organic solvent, isocratic versus gradient separation, pH and detection wavelength. Two pro-Pheroid vesicles formulations were prepared and stored for a three month period at 40°C+75%RH only. No API was added to the one formulation while the other contained 2 mg/ml of mefloquine hydrochloride. Results obtained indicated that the Pheroid™ formulations changed after exposure to elevated temperature and humidity. The number of detectable peaks increased, longer run times became necessary and solubility in the sample solvent (methanol) decreased. Solubility of the Pheroid™ formulations in methanol was preserved to some extent by the presence of TBHQ. Physical signs of instability like discolouration and creaming were noted for TBHQ-containing formulations. TBHQ also seemed to have influenced the particle sizes, particle size distributions and structure of the Pheroid™ microsponges. With adjustments made to the HPLC method it was found that: i. the sample solvent is incompatible with the HPLC system, ii. very hydrophobic compounds are present in the…

Subjects/Keywords: HPLC; Method development; Sample preparation; Stability; Compatibility; PheroidTM technology; TBHQ; Mefloquine

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APA (6^th Edition):

Van den Berg, E. (2010). Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg . (Thesis). North-West University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5105

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van den Berg, Elaine. “Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg .” 2010. Thesis, North-West University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5105.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van den Berg, Elaine. “Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg .” 2010. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Van den Berg E. Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg . [Internet] [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5105.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van den Berg E. Development of a stability indicating HPLC method for the Pheroid™ delivery system / Elaine van den Berg . [Thesis]. North-West University; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5105

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Delft University of Technology

16. Paz Noriega, S. (author). Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization.

Degree: 2015, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44f9053d-bccb-463f-850e-8e4c56e543eb

►

The following thesis has three major purposes: (1) to explore the static liquefaction phenomenon in saturated sand as a relevant geotechnical hazard, (2) to show… (more)

▼

The following thesis has three major purposes: (1) to explore the static liquefaction phenomenon in saturated sand as a relevant geotechnical hazard, (2) to show the conventional testing procedures for index characterisation and strength testing of saturated fine sands at low stress levels, and (3) to look into the fluidization mechanism and the ongoing research into its applications in saturated sand testing, done at Delft University of Technology. The exploring on static liquefaction was performed by a literature study, which allowed to relate the macroscopic scale of this hazard in underwater slopes with the common practices performed in laboratory conditions. The literature found shows that a change in the framework of understanding saturated sand behaviour, accounting for anisotropy, may occur within the next years. In addition, the literature supports that improvements on the liquefaction prediction can only be done via: improvements of: the theoretical framework in which the sand behaviour is studied, the constitutive and numerical models used for prediction of the liquefaction mechanism and the testing and the physical modelling methods allowing for both sand characterisation and the determination of the constitutive model parameters. Some tests performed to characterise a fine sand were selected to see how the method can affect the obtained results and how the conditions of the sample preparation and control can affect the liquefaction potential on a saturated sand sample. The results support that idea that the amount of fines on the sand, indicated generally by a sieving test, can affect the results of the index minimum and maximum void ratio, differentiating the properties of a sand with fines and a sand without fines. In addition, several variables such as the degree of saturation, confining stress levels and membrane penetration can contribute to the development of pore pressures and the development of liquefaction. The literature study reveals that fluidization has been used on research on granular soils sedimentation, documented in the work by Allen (1984), and is not as new in earth sciences as it was thought to be. Based on the undrained triaxial testing procedure suggested by Jager and Molenkamp (2015a), where fluidization will be used for sample preparation, some sand batches were prepared, in which layers were removed to characterise the final product. While the results on void ratio distribution along the depth of the column are not sufficient to draw further conclusions, it was found that the discharge rate can affect the porosity distribution during and after fluidization. The study not only showcases two techniques that can allow a quantitative assessment of fluidization mechanism, but also that inclusion of this method in loose sample preparation could bring improvements into granular soils characterisation.

Geo-Engineering

Geoscience & Engineering

Civil Engineering and Geosciences

Advisors/Committee Members: De Jager, R.R. (mentor), Molenkamp, F. (mentor), Vardon, P.J. (mentor), Askarinejad, A. (mentor), De Gijt, J.G. (mentor), Hicks, M.A. (mentor).

Subjects/Keywords: liquefaction; fine sands; sample preparation; characterisation; laboratory testing; fluidization

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Paz Noriega, S. (. (2015). Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44f9053d-bccb-463f-850e-8e4c56e543eb

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Paz Noriega, S (author). “Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44f9053d-bccb-463f-850e-8e4c56e543eb.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Paz Noriega, S (author). “Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Paz Noriega S(. Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44f9053d-bccb-463f-850e-8e4c56e543eb.

Council of Science Editors:

Paz Noriega S(. Characterisation of Saturated Loose Sand Samples prepared by Fluidization. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2015. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44f9053d-bccb-463f-850e-8e4c56e543eb

Delft University of Technology

17. El Banna, E.S.D. (author). The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model.

Degree: 2016, Delft University of Technology

URL: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:522bb16a-49a2-480d-b12e-d68d4621789b

► This thesis presents an investigation on the effect of overlapping passive zones in sand. The hypothesis of larger stresses in the soil and a larger… (more)

▼ This thesis presents an investigation on the effect of overlapping passive zones in sand. The hypothesis of larger stresses in the soil and a larger ultimate resistance capacity in case of overlapping passive zones was firstly investigated in the numerical study by Joosse (2015). He introduced an intensification factor as a design optimization tool for economic design and optimization of retaining walls in narrow trenches. The intensification factor is defined as the ratio between the ultimate passive capacity in a restrained situation (overlapping passive zones) and in an unrestrained situation (no overlapping effects). To verify the numerical design approach, a physical model was developed and used for centrifuge testing by Hopman (2016). The developed actuator is used again in this thesis to do extensive centrifuge tests to model the effect of overlapping passive zones in sand. Together with the newly developed sand model preparation method, as introduced in this thesis, it is possible to produce accurate and repeatable sand samples. The main objectives of this thesis are to investigate the effects of a variation in density and the effect of a layered sand sample on the intensification factor. The intensification factors in this thesis are determined at wall displacements corresponding to 0.01, 0.02 and 0.04 times the embedded depth (D) as well as at the wall displacement corresponding to the ultimate passive load. The ultimate passive load is found by the plateau state in the Load-displacement curve and by the development of the full shear plane as visualized by image analysis. It turns out that the ultimate passive load and the formation of the associated shear band have a significant dependency on the relative density. Although the ultimate passive loads differ significantly, the intensification factors at the plateau states are similar with 1.33 and 1.34 for the loose and dense sand respectively. The shapes of the shear planes as visualized by image analysis are in accordance to theory and numerical calculations. Grain size seems to be of less importance on the ultimate passive load. Also the intensification factor at plateau state for coarse sand is similar to that of fine sand. Investigation on the friction between the plexiglass and sand showed that by applying membranes to the plexiglass with silicon grease, frictionless boundaries could be created. It turns out that the friction has a significant impact on the width of the shear planes in the physical model. The observed shear planes are smaller than in a frictionless environment. The shear planes develop up to 29% further in the frictionless unrestrained situation. The reduction in friction also means a reduction in measured loads by the actuator which must be taken into account when using the results from the load vs. displacement data. The intensification for a trench with varying embedded depth but constant trench width (W) over embedded depth ratio is investigated with centrifuge tests. When comparing an embedded depth of 3 m and 5 m with a constant… Advisors/Committee Members: Arend, D.E. (mentor), Bakker, K.J. (mentor), Everts, H.J. (mentor), Hicks, M.A. (mentor), Askarinejad, A. (mentor).

Subjects/Keywords: geotechnical; centrifuge; overlapping; passive; zones; sample; preparation; method

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APA (6^th Edition):

El Banna, E. S. D. (. (2016). The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model. (Masters Thesis). Delft University of Technology. Retrieved from http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:522bb16a-49a2-480d-b12e-d68d4621789b

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

El Banna, E S D (author). “The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Delft University of Technology. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:522bb16a-49a2-480d-b12e-d68d4621789b.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

El Banna, E S D (author). “The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

El Banna ESD(. The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:522bb16a-49a2-480d-b12e-d68d4621789b.

Council of Science Editors:

El Banna ESD(. The effect of overlapping passive zones in sand investigated by a geotechnical centrifuge model. [Masters Thesis]. Delft University of Technology; 2016. Available from: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:522bb16a-49a2-480d-b12e-d68d4621789b

Duquesne University

18. Iyer, Sejal. Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2005, Duquesne University

URL: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/688

► Authors describe the development of a novel technique, Integrated Microwave Extraction (IME), an enhancement for Microwave Assisted Solvent Extraction (MASE). Solvents are optimized for chemistry… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Extraction; Microwave; Sample Preparation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iyer, S. (2005). Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications. (Doctoral Dissertation). Duquesne University. Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/688

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iyer, Sejal. “Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Duquesne University. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/688.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iyer, Sejal. “Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications.” 2005. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Iyer S. Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Duquesne University; 2005. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/688.

Council of Science Editors:

Iyer S. Development and Optimization of Integrated Microwave Enhanced Extraction as a Sample Preparation Technique: Environmental, Clinical and Green Chemistry Applications. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Duquesne University; 2005. Available from: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/688

19. Mousavi, Fatemeh. Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS.

Degree: 2015, University of Waterloo

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/9696

► Metabolomics data provides complementary information to proteomics, genomics, and transcriptomics, in addition to enabling the tracking of the dynamic reactions in living systems. Metabolomics is… (more)

▼ Metabolomics data provides complementary information to proteomics, genomics, and transcriptomics, in addition to enabling the tracking of the dynamic reactions in living systems. Metabolomics is widely used in various areas of study such as human diseases, drug discovery, plant analysis, and human nutrition. In metabolomics, the workflow for quantitative and comprehensive metabolic mapping of cellular metabolites can be a very challenging undertaking. Sampling and sample preparation play an important role in untargeted analysis as they influence the final composition of the analyzed extract, which can consequently influence the obtained metabolome. The choice of sample preparation method for metabolomics is based on factors such as non-selectivity, high reproducibility, integration of metabolism quenching, and extraction of a wide range of metabolite polarities. It should provide a good representation of the sample under study and obtain high sample clean-up so as to reduce matrix effects, especially when liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (LC-MS) instrumentation is used for analysis. Solid phase microextraction (SPME) has already been demonstrated as a suitable technique for metabolic profiling of various biological matrices. This noninvasive and solventless extraction technique eliminates the need for metabolism quenching steps, as the coating selectively extracts metabolites, eliminating the co-extraction of interfering biomacromolecules such as proteins or enzymes. One of the main objectives of the currently presented research was the development of a new extraction phase that is compatible with complex food matrices and that provides high extraction recovery for a wide range of metabolites. For this purpose, initial research involved the preparation of a silica-based ionic liquid coating as a stationary phase for a 96-blade SPME system for the extraction of polar metabolites from grape juice without any further sample pretreatment. The lab-made polymer demonstrated high physical and chemical stability, and results indicated that the properties of the coating could be changed by changing the functional groups during the synthesis procedure. Chapter 3 presents different SPME coating chemistries that were developed and applied to provide simultaneous extraction of a wide range of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic cellular metabolites produced by a model organism, Escherichia coli (E.coli). This research reports the first successful application of the developed 96-blade SPME method coupled to LC-MS for bacteria and plant metabolomics. Three different LC-MS methods were also evaluated for the analysis of extracted metabolites. The Orbitrap system provided a powerful platform for metabolomics due its high resolution and mass accuracy. Among different coating chemistries applied for analysis, polystyrene–divinylbenzene–weak anion exchange (PS-DVB-WAX), hydrophilic–lipophilic balance particles (HLB), and their mixtures demonstrated the highest extraction recovery and a wide range of metabolite coverage.…

Subjects/Keywords: Sample Preparation; Bioinformatics; LC/MS; SPME; Metabolomics; Targeted Analysis; Global Metabolomics

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mousavi, F. (2015). Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS. (Thesis). University of Waterloo. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10012/9696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mousavi, Fatemeh. “Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS.” 2015. Thesis, University of Waterloo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/9696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mousavi, Fatemeh. “Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS.” 2015. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Mousavi F. Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/9696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mousavi F. Optimization of SPME coating characteristics for metabolomics and targeted analysis with LC/MS. [Thesis]. University of Waterloo; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10012/9696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Minnesota

20. Agrawal, Paridhi. Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics.

Degree: PhD, Chemical Engineering, 2020, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215149

► With the commercialization of genomics technologies, DNA sequencing has become an affordable and accessible tool for innumerable biological advancements. The fast speed, low cost, automated… (more)

▼ With the commercialization of genomics technologies, DNA sequencing has become an affordable and accessible tool for innumerable biological advancements. The fast speed, low cost, automated measurement and high throughput nature of these sophistically engineered miniaturized systems is made possible by the rapid advancement in microfluidics. Owing to superior fabrication capabilities and adequate handling of complex samples, microfluidic systems have shown promise for varied biological applications. While measurements are performed at the micro scale in all genomics systems, DNA extraction and pre-processing are done externally, resulting in a wide mismatch between the amount of sample prepared and the amount utilized. This work focuses on using microfluidics as a tool to assist, and hopefully improve, genomics methods. Long-read genomics technologies are capable of obtaining long-range information from DNA molecules about repetitive and complex regions of the genome. Optimal application of these technologies requires shear-free methods for extracting long DNA from cells. These sample preparation tools should be facile, inexpensive, universal and amenable to automation. In addition to providing all these capabilities, microfluidics can not only expedite sample preparation, but also offer the opportunity for direct upstream integration to eliminate DNA fragmentation and loss during transfer to the genomic device. The work outlined here presents a microfluidic platform for long DNA sample preparation. In the 3D cell culture-inspired proof-of-principle poly(dimethylsiloxane) device, gel-based high molecular weight DNA extraction and continuous flow purification is followed by electrophoretic extraction of the long DNA from the miniaturized gel. The device successfully demonstrated extraction of DNA as long as 4 megabase pairs from cells, but the 10 ng DNA yield was insufficient for some genomics experiments. A scaling up of the device design, realized by 3D printing, resulted in a high-yield next-generation device which completely eliminates cleanroom fabrication, making the method accessible to users outside the microfluidics community. The 100 ng DNA extracted from the next-generation device were used for size analysis in commercial genome mapping nanochannels. Along with competitive yield and DNA sizes, the miniaturized format reduces the standard day-long DNA extraction process to a few hours, making it a promising prototype platform for routine long DNA sample preparation. The generic device design and straightforward protocol provide integration and automation capabilities to the platform presented, which are absent in existing alternatives to the plug lysis method. Future avenues of development and application are hypothesized to fully realize the potential of the sample preparation platform. The continued engineering and genomics upgrades justify the proposed strategies.

Subjects/Keywords: 3D printing; DNA; long-read genomics; microfluidics; sample preparation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Agrawal, P. (2020). Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215149

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Agrawal, Paridhi. “Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215149.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Agrawal, Paridhi. “Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics.” 2020. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Agrawal P. Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215149.

Council of Science Editors:

Agrawal P. Microfluidic Dna Sample Preparation For Long-Read Genomics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/215149

Virginia Tech

21. Stadelmann, Iris Patricia. Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME).

Degree: MS, Chemistry, 2001, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32976

► It is common practice to add oxygenates, such as ethers or alcohols, to gasoline in areas suffering from ozone or smog problems in order to… (more)

▼ It is common practice to add oxygenates, such as ethers or alcohols, to gasoline in areas suffering from ozone or smog problems in order to reduce pollution. The most commonly used oxygenates are ethanol (EtOH) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). However, MTBE is now forbidden by the environmental protection agency (EPA) because of the possibility of ground water contamination. The current trend is to use EtOH, therefore this work focuses on the analysis and quantification of EtOH in gasoline by solid phase microextraction (SPME). The major problem in quantifying EtOH in gasoline is the coelution of hydrocarbons with EtOH. There have been several approaches to solve this problem; among the chromatographic ones, three major types have been proposed: (1) the first one uses a detector selective for oxygen containing compounds; (2) the second one uses two or more columns; (3) and the third one uses an extraction step prior to GC analysis. In this work an extraction step with water is used prior to a solid phase microextraction (SPME) sample preparation coupled to a gas chromatographic (GC) analysis. Solid phase microextraction is a recent technique, invented by Pawliszyn in 1989, and available commercially since 1994. A fiber is used to extract small amounts (ppm, ppb, ppt) of analytes from a solution, usually water. The fiber is beneficial in concentrating analytes. Most work using SPME has been done with hydrophobic (non polar) analytes, extracted using a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS; non polar) coating on a fused silica fiber. Since very little work has been done with polar analytes, the novel approach of this work is the extraction of EtOH. Since EtOH is the analyte of interest, a polar fiber, carboxen/polydimethyl siloxane (Car/PDMS) is used. Two methods are used for quantification of EtOH in gasoline: the method of a standard calibration curve, and the method of standard addition. They are both successful in quantifying the amount of EtOH in gasoline. The relative errors, with the method of standard addition, vary from 5.3% to 14%, while the ones with the method of calibration curve vary from 1.6% to 7.2%. Moreover, some extraction time studies for both direct and headspace sampling are performed. Direct sampling shows the presence of an equilibrium condition for the carboxen/PDMS fiber, for which no extraction theory is available. Conversely, headspace sampling shows no equilibrium state; after a sampling time of one hour, the amount of EtOH extracted decreases with sampling time. This is probably due to displacement of EtOH by other compounds in the fiber. Advisors/Committee Members: McNair, Harold M. (committeechair), Marand, Hervé L. (committee member), Taylor, Larry T. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Gasoline; Sample preparation; GC; SPME

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APA (6^th Edition):

Stadelmann, I. P. (2001). Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME). (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32976

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Stadelmann, Iris Patricia. “Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME).” 2001. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32976.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Stadelmann, Iris Patricia. “Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME).” 2001. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Stadelmann IP. Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME). [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2001. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32976.

Council of Science Editors:

Stadelmann IP. Extraction of alcohols from gasoline using solid phase microextraction (SPME). [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2001. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32976

22. Maura Roquete Amparo. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas.

Degree: 2013, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-30072013-091333/

►

Os antimicrobianos, especialmente a classe das fluoroquinolonas (FQs), são utilizados em grandes quantidades na medicina humana e veterinária. Uma atenção especial deve ser dada à… (more)

▼

Os antimicrobianos, especialmente a classe das fluoroquinolonas (FQs), são utilizados em grandes quantidades na medicina humana e veterinária. Uma atenção especial deve ser dada à ocorrência desses fármacos em diferentes matrizes ambientais, devido a potencialidade de propagação da resistência bacteriana. As principais fontes dessa contaminação são os esgoto industrial, urbanos, esgoto sanitário de hospital e de fazendas que utilizam antibióticos com finalidades veterinárias. Após a ingestão, os antimicrobianos são excretados na sua forma inalterada e, devido a baixa eficiência dos sistemas convencionais de tratamento de esgoto, são eventualmente liberados para o meio aquático. Diferentes métodos têm sido desenvolvidos para a determinação de FQs em amostras aquosas diversas, tais como esgoto sanitário , água de abastecimento, águas superficiais e esgoto sanitário de hospital. A maior parte dessas amostras ambientais é complexa e exige uma série de etapas de preparo, limpeza e pré-concentração; de maneira que, nos últimos anos, extensos esforços têm sido feitos para o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de preparo de amostra que reduzam o tempo, trabalho, consumo de solvente e que permitam melhor desempenho do processo analítico. Nesse estudo foram desenvolvidos dois métodos de extração - a extração em fase sólida (SPE ) e a microextração por sorvente empacotado (MEPS) - sendo a separação, identificação e quantificação feitos por HPLC-MS/MS. Os métodos foram avaliados e validados segundo os parâmetros: precisão, exatidão, recuperação, linearidade, limite de detecção (LD), limite de quantificação (LQ), seletividade, efeito matriz, eficiência total do processo e robustez. Posteriormente, foi feita aplicação dos métodos desenvolvidos para investigação de FQs em águas superficiais e amostra de esgoto coletadas em diferentes pontos da cidade de São Carlos-SP. Os métodos apresentaram valores de recuperação maiores que 80% para as FQs estudadas, e valores de exatidão e precisão menores que 30% . A comparação entre as técnicas de extração desenvolvidas permitiu listar vantagens e desvantagens particulares de cada técnica. Além do menor consumo de solventes e volume de amostras, valores insignificantes de efeito matriz foram alcançados para a técnica MEPS; no entanto a SPE, devido ao seu maior fator de concentração, permitiu a quantificação de duas fluoroquinolonas em amostra de esgoto doméstico e detecção das mesmas em amostra de rio.

Antimicrobials, particularly the fluoroquinolones (FQs) class, are widely used in human and veterinary medicine. Particular attention must be given to the occurrence of these drugs in different environmental matrices, due to the potential spread of bacterial resistance. Effluents from industries, residential districts, hospitals and animal farms are the main sources of contamination by antibiotics. After ingestion, the antimicrobials are excreted in its unchanged form. Due to the low efficiency of conventional wastewater treatments, these antimicrobials are eventually released into the…

Advisors/Committee Members: Álvaro José dos Santos Neto.

Subjects/Keywords: águas superficiais; fluoroquinolonas; preparo de amostra; fluoroquinolones; sample preparation; surface water

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APA (6^th Edition):

Amparo, M. R. (2013). Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-30072013-091333/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Amparo, Maura Roquete. “Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-30072013-091333/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Amparo, Maura Roquete. “Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Amparo MR. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-30072013-091333/.

Council of Science Editors:

Amparo MR. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos SPE-LC-MS e MEPS-LC-MS para quantificação de fluoroquinolonas em matrizes aquosas. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2013. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-30072013-091333/

23. Carlos Eduardo Domingues Nazário. Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência.

Degree: 2013, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-23042013-104509/

► Atualmente, a demanda e a necessidade de metodologias analíticas e bioanalíticas que promovam análise rápida e seletiva tem impulsionado o constante desenvolvimento de sorventes para… (more)

▼ Atualmente, a demanda e a necessidade de metodologias analíticas e bioanalíticas que promovam análise rápida e seletiva tem impulsionado o constante desenvolvimento de sorventes para preparo de amostra e fases estacionárias para cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (HPLC). Desta maneira, esta tese tem por objetivo desenvolver materiais utilizando precursores de sílica com aplicação em preparo de amostra e suportes cromatográficos para cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência (UHPLC). Foram sintetizadas e caracterizadas duas fases extratoras as quais tiveram sua aplicabilidade demonstrada na extração de fármacos em fluidos biológicos empregando a técnica de extração em fase sólida (SPE). A primeira metodologia desenvolvida foi a síntese de partículas de sílica empregando precursores de baixo custo (silicato de sódio) pelo método sil-gel. Após a funcionalização com grupamento C18, e caracterização da fase extratora, o material sintetizado foi aplicado em SPE off-line para a determinação de fluoxetina e seu metabólito, norfluoxetina, em plasma humano por HPLC-UV. O método desenvolvido foi validado e aplicado em amostra de plasma de pacientes sob tratamento de fluoxetina. Além disso, o sorvente desenvolvido apresentou resultados similares quando comparado com fases extratoras comerciais. O segundo método desenvolvido utilizou a técnica de impressão molecular (MIP) a qual tem se tornado uma fase extratora atrativa devido a sua maior seletividade em relação as fases típicas empregadas em SPE. Ao mesmo tempo, o uso de SPE online com MIP (MISPE) é uma alternativa atraente no preparo de amostra, pois é simples, diminui o tempo total da análise, necessita de pequena quantidade de amostra, e pode ser automatizado. Assim, MIP amino-funcionalizado pelo processo sol-gel utilizando ibuprofeno como template foi sintetizado. Para comparação, o polímero não impresso (NIP) foi preparado nas mesmas condições, sem a presença do template. As análises por cromatografia líquida foram realizadas utilizando uma coluna de extração MIP e uma coluna analítica em fase reversa configuradas para operar no modo SPE online por column switching. O método desenvolvido, MISPE-HPLC-UV, foi validado e aplicado na extração seletiva de cinco anti-inflamatórios não esteroidais (NSAIDs) em urina humana com um tempo total de análise de 22 minutos. Além dos materiais voltados para preparo de amostra, foi avaliado a síntese e caracterização de suporte cromatográfico baseado em sílica com diâmetro de partícula abaixo de 2 µm com aplicabilidade em análises rápidas em cromatografia (UHPLC). Nesta vertente, partículas de sílica esférica não porosa (0,9 µm) foram sintetizadas pelo método sol-gel com DPR abaixo de 10 %. As partículas foram funcionalizadas com o grupamento C18 (ODS) e submetidas posteriormente ao processo de endcapping (TMS) para operar em modo reverso. Métodos físico-químicos de caracterização foram utilizados para determinar a morfologia, área superficial e quantidade de carbono na superfície do material. Adicionalmente, as… Advisors/Committee Members: Fernando Mauro Lanças, Eduardo Costa de Figueiredo, Suzana Lucy Nixdorf.

Subjects/Keywords: HPLC; preparo de amostra; sílica; HPLC; sample preparation; silica

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nazário, C. E. D. (2013). Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-23042013-104509/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nazário, Carlos Eduardo Domingues. “Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of São Paulo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-23042013-104509/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nazário, Carlos Eduardo Domingues. “Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência.” 2013. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Nazário CED. Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-23042013-104509/.

Council of Science Editors:

Nazário CED. Desenvolvimento e caracterização de materiais baseados em sílica com aplicabilidade em extração em fase sólida e cromatografia líquida de ultra alta eficiência. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of São Paulo; 2013. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-23042013-104509/

24. Lucas Sponton de Carvalho. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo.

Degree: 2014, University of São Paulo

URL: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-24022014-115605/

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A presença de antibióticos no ambiente evidencia o problema do descarte inadequado de resíduos farmacêuticos e da ineficiência dos atuais sistemas de tratamento de resíduos.… (more)

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A presença de antibióticos no ambiente evidencia o problema do descarte inadequado de resíduos farmacêuticos e da ineficiência dos atuais sistemas de tratamento de resíduos. Como consequência a essa contaminação há a possibilidade de resistência microbiana e de outros efeitos nocivos, ainda não completamente compreendidos, sobre a fauna e flora aquática. O presente trabalho teve como um dos objetivos desenvolver métodos de preparo de amostra e análise para avaliar o potencial de um reator anaeróbio de leito fixo para a remoção de sulfonamidas de matrizes complexas, além de investigar possíveis resíduos dessa classe em diversos compartimentos ambientais da cidade de São Carlos. Para isso, métodos utilizando extração em fase sólida (SPE) e cromatografia líquida (LC) foram desenvolvidos em associação à análise por espectrometria de massas. Os resultados mostraram que o reator utilizado consegue remover satisfatoriamente o composto investigado, podendo ser, futuramente, uma alternativa aos tratamentos convencionais. Tais resultados foram obtidos a partir do desenvolvimento e validação de um método utilizando detecção por um analisador híbrido do tipo quadrupolo-tempo de voo (SPE-LC-QTOF). Outro método, baseado em SPE-LC-QTRAP (analisador híbrido quadrupolo-aprisionador de íons linear), foi validado visando mostrar que existe contaminação por sulfonamidas e trimetoprima em águas de córregos coletadas em algumas regiões da cidade. Tal objetivo foi atingindo, permitindo inclusive a comparação entre as figuras de mérito obtidas durante a validação dos métodos, que indicou que os analisadores (e os sistemas utilizados, em geral) possuem diferenças significativas que influem em parâmetros como o efeito de matriz, os limites de quantificação e a sensibilidade. Paralelamente aos métodos convencionais, alternativas de preparo e análise que reduziam a necessidade de grandes volumes de amostra e solventes também foram desenvolvidos. A associação de técnicas miniaturizadas de preparo de amostra e análise permitiu que limites de detecção comparáveis aos dos métodos utilizando SPE fossem atingidos, utilizando, inclusive, o analisador do tipo tempo de voo. Dessa forma, um novo escopo de aplicações usufruindo das características deste último analisador poderá ser desenvolvido a partir da melhor pré-concentração proporcionada pelas estratégias de miniaturização estudadas.

The presence of antibiotics in the environment demonstrates the problem of improper drug disposal and inefficiency of the current water treatment systems. As a result of this contamination, there is the possibility of microbial resistance and other harmful effects, not totally understood, on the aquatic flora and fauna. The present study aimed to develop methods for sample preparation and analysis in order to evaluate the potential of an anaerobic fixed bed reactor for removing sulfonamides from complex matrices and, in addiction, to investigate the presence of this class of contaminants in various environmental compartments of São Carlos. For this,…

Advisors/Committee Members: Álvaro José dos Santos Neto, Eduardo Bessa Azevedo, Regina Vincenzi Oliveira.

Subjects/Keywords: análises ambientais; miniaturização; preparo de amostra; environmental analysis; miniaturization; sample preparation

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Carvalho, L. S. d. (2014). Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo. (Masters Thesis). University of São Paulo. Retrieved from http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-24022014-115605/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Carvalho, Lucas Sponton de. “Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo.” 2014. Masters Thesis, University of São Paulo. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-24022014-115605/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Carvalho, Lucas Sponton de. “Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Carvalho LSd. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-24022014-115605/.

Council of Science Editors:

Carvalho LSd. Desenvolvimento e validação de métodos analíticos para avaliação da remoção de sulfonamidas no tratamento de águas residuárias em reatores biológicos de leito fixo. [Masters Thesis]. University of São Paulo; 2014. Available from: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/75/75135/tde-24022014-115605/

25. VIVEIROS, WILLIAM. Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento.

Degree: 2012, Brazil

URL: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935

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A qualidade do sedimento no estado de São Paulo tem sido caracterizada com o uso, dentre outras linhas de evidência, dos resultados obtidos com ensaios ecotoxicológicos utilizando o anfípoda Hyalella azteca. Protocolos internacionais como os da USEPA, ASTM, OECD e ENVIRONMENT CANADA descrevem procedimentos para o cultivo e realização desses ensaios utilizando também outros organismos bentônicos, como as larvas de inseto do gênero Chironomus sp (Insecta, Diptera). No Brasil, diversos estudos realizados com a espécie Chironomus sancticaroli não contam com metodologia nacional normatizada. Os protocolos descrevem metodologias para ensaios de sensibilidade à substância de referência como garantia da qualidade dos organismos antes de sua utilização, não estabelecendo outras metodologias para o monitoramento de variáveis biológicas em cultivo de organismos-teste ou ainda, critérios de aceitabilidade. Com o intuito de garantir a qualidade desses organismos cultivados em laboratório e adaptar uma metodologia para ensaios com sedimento, foram realizados ensaios para o monitoramento de variáveis biológicas em cultivo, determinação de critérios de aceitabilidade para essas variáveis e ensaios com amostras de rios e reservatórios do estado de São Paulo durante os anos 2006 a 2009. As variáveis sobrevivência, deformidade do mento em organismos cultivados e submetidos ao controle do ensaio, fecundidade, fertilidade e taxa de eclosão, foram monitoradas e o critério de aceitabilidade para cada uma foi estabelecido com base no cálculo do percentil. As variações encontradas nesses resultados sugerem a existência de possíveis interferentes como a qualidade da água de cultivo utilizada e a consangüinidade. Os critérios de aceitabilidade, determinados com base em percentis, servirão de ferramenta para o controle da qualidade dos organismos cultivados sob condições específicas para cada laboratório. A metodologia de ensaio adaptada mostrou bom desempenho, superando o critério de aceitabilidade estabelecido para a sobrevivência dos organismos do controle do ensaio. O quironomídeo apresentou maior sensibilidade quando comparado ao anfípoda comumente utilizado em ensaios com sedimento, enfatizando a existência de diferentes respostas às características físico-químicas do sedimento, associada à biologia de cada organismo, permitindo-se recomendar a utilização conjunta desses organismos na avaliação da qualidade do sedimento.

Dissertação (Mestrado)

IPEN/D

Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Advisors/Committee Members: Afonso Rodrigues de Aquino.

Subjects/Keywords: insects; toxicity; bioassay; sediments; sample preparation; water quality; environment

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

VIVEIROS, W. (2012). Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento. (Masters Thesis). Brazil. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

VIVEIROS, WILLIAM. “Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Brazil. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

VIVEIROS, WILLIAM. “Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

VIVEIROS W. Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Brazil; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935.

Council of Science Editors:

VIVEIROS W. Chironomus sancticaroli: do cultivo em laboratório ao ensaio ecotoxicológico com amostras ambientais de sedimento. [Masters Thesis]. Brazil; 2012. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9935

26. BORDON, ISABELLA C. da C.L. Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras.

Degree: 2014, Brazil

URL: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23303

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Fundação de Amparo… (more)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

O presente estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver uma nova proposta de uso de um biomonitor na identificação de fontes emissoras de metais no meio ambiente. Foi selecionada a espécie de siri Callinectes danae como biomonitor e o estuário de Santos como área de estudo. Numa primeira etapa e considerando que o siri é um organismo bentônico, foi realizada uma avaliação preliminar do teor de metais no sedimento do estuário. Em seguida, foi realizada uma avaliação preliminar do teor de metais nos diferentes tecidos de indivíduos coletados na região (brânquias, hepatopâncreas e músculos). Baseado nos experimentos anteriores, foi proposto um modelo de distribuição dos metais entre os tecidos e destes em relação aos sedimentos. A validação deste modelo de distribuição (assinatura química) foi realizada por meio de um conjunto de procedimentos que visaram testar: 1) a robustez em função do tempo; 2) a especificidade para a região de estudo; 3) a sensibilidade às alterações dos níveis de metais em cada tecido. A partir deste modelo, foram identificados indícios para atribuição de fontes emissoras de metais. Desta forma, concluiu-se que, para a região do estuário de Santos, o siri da espécie C. danae pode ser utilizado como um biomonitor. O modelo proposto foi eficaz, uma vez que foi capaz de responder de forma conclusiva-positiva a todos os testes realizados na sua validação, confirmando esta espécie como um biomonitor definitivo para região. A robustez do modelo irá aumentar com novas coletas e a realimentação do banco de dados.

Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)

IPEN/T

Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

FAPESP:10/01902-0

Advisors/Committee Members: Jorge Eduardo de Souza Sarkis.

Subjects/Keywords: brazil; estuaries; crabs; biological indicators; metals; sediments; sample preparation; chemical analysis

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

BORDON, I. C. d. C. L. (2014). Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brazil. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23303

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

BORDON, ISABELLA C da C L. “Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Brazil. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23303.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

BORDON, ISABELLA C da C L. “Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras.” 2014. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

BORDON ICdCL. Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brazil; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23303.

Council of Science Editors:

BORDON ICdCL. Avaliação de siris da espécie Callinectes danae como biomonitores definitivos na identificação de fontes emissoras. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brazil; 2014. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23303

27. AMARAL, MARCELLO M. Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão.

Degree: 2012, Brazil

URL: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10172

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A Tomografia por Coerência Óptica (OCT) baseia-se na propriedade de retroespalhamento dos meios para construir imagens tomográficas do interior das amostras. De maneira similar, a técnica LIDAR (Light Detection and Range) faz uso desta propriedade para determinar as características da atmosfera, em especial o coeficiente de extinção do sinal. Explorar esta similaridade permitiu aplicar métodos de inversão utilizados na técnica LIDAR às imagens OCT, permitindo construir imagens de coeficiente de extinção, resultado inédito até o momento. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de estudar, propor, desenvolver e implementar algoritmos de métodos de inversão do sinal OCT para determinação do coeficiente de extinção em função da profundidade. Foram utilizados três métodos de inversão, da inclinação, do ponto de contorno e da profundidade óptica, com implementação em ambiente LABView® . Estudo dos erros associados aos métodos de inversão foi realizado e, amostras reais (homogêneas e estratificadas) foram utilizadas para análises em uma e duas dimensões. As imagens de coeficiente de extinção obtidas pelo método da profundidade óptica claramente foram capazes de diferenciar o ar da amostra. As imagens foram estudadas empregando PCA e análise de clusters que avaliou a robustez da técnica em determinar o valor do coeficiente de extinção da amostra. Além disso, o método da profundidade óptica proposto foi empregado para estudar a hipótese de que existe correlação entre o coeficiente de extinção do sinal e a desmineralização de esmalte dental durante o processo cariogênico. Com a aplicação desta metodologia foi possível observar a variação do coeficiente de extinção em função da profundidade e sua correlação com a variação da microdureza, além de mostrar que em camadas mais profundas o valor do coeficiente de extinção valor tende ao de um dente sadio, comportando-se da mesma maneira que a microdureza do dente.

Tese (Doutoramento)

IPEN/T

Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

Advisors/Committee Members: Anderson Zanardi de Freitas.

Subjects/Keywords: coherence radiation; tomography; teeth; sample preparation; demineralization; mathematical models

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

AMARAL, M. M. (2012). Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão. (Doctoral Dissertation). Brazil. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10172

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

AMARAL, MARCELLO M. “Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Brazil. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10172.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

AMARAL, MARCELLO M. “Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão.” 2012. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

AMARAL MM. Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Brazil; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10172.

Council of Science Editors:

AMARAL MM. Análise de sinais de tomografia por coerência óptica: equação LIDAR e métodos de inversão. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Brazil; 2012. Available from: http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10172

University of Tasmania

28. Wuethrich, A. Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration.

Degree: 2016, University of Tasmania

URL: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23488/1/Wuethrich_whole_thesis.pdf

► Traditional sample preparation requires substantial resources and time, both adversely affecting the economical and ecological accounts of an analytical workflow. To address the dearth of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Analytical Chemistry; environmentally-friendly sample preparation; stacking; off-line sample concentration; capillary electrophoresis; mass spectrometry; liquid chromatography

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Wuethrich, A. (2016). Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration. (Thesis). University of Tasmania. Retrieved from https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23488/1/Wuethrich_whole_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wuethrich, A. “Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration.” 2016. Thesis, University of Tasmania. Accessed April 10, 2021. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23488/1/Wuethrich_whole_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wuethrich, A. “Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration.” 2016. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Wuethrich A. Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23488/1/Wuethrich_whole_thesis.pdf.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wuethrich A. Green sample preparation in analytical separation sciences : electrophoretic concentration. [Thesis]. University of Tasmania; 2016. Available from: https://eprints.utas.edu.au/23488/1/Wuethrich_whole_thesis.pdf

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

29. Van Hoeck, Els. Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples.

Degree: 2009, Ghent University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-505589

► Since World War II, the world has witnessed a large increase in the production of chemicals. Some of these chemicals, like pesticides, were designed for… (more)

▼ Since World War II, the world has witnessed a large increase in the production of chemicals. Some of these chemicals, like pesticides, were designed for wide spread use. Others, like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), were rather accidentally released into the environment by leakages or waste dumping. At that time, little or no attention was paid to the possible consequences that could result from the use, misuse and distribution of these chemicals. This ignorance changed with the publication of Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring in 1962. This book documented for the first time the detrimental effects of pesticides on wildlife. More specifically, the link was proven between egg shell thinning of birds and the pollution of the surrounding environment with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) [1]. From that time, public awareness was born and grew ever since. Only three decades later, a new disturbing event was signalled in an article by Theo Colborn [2]. He described the deleterious influence that certain chemicals can have on the development of endocrine systems. These endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) were linked to reproductive problems like the decrease in fertility of bird. Since then, there is a growing scientific concern, public debate and media attention over the possible effects on wildlife and humans that may result from exposure to chemicals that have the potential of interfering with the endocrine system [3]. Establishing a causal relationship between the presence of EDCs in the environment and their possible effects on human health is a challenging quest. Not only are the EDCs chemically very heterogeneous, but they cause adverse effects at concentration levels as low as 1 ng/L. In addition, the environmental matrix is very complex. Therefore, sample clean-up en pre-concentration of the sample is necessary before analysis. In this framework, the current work focuses on the optimization of the sample preparation in order to develop selective and multi-residue methods for the determination of EDCs in aqueous samples. In the first part of the work, a multi-residue method is developed using sorptive extraction in combination with in-situ derivatization. Since the extraction of polar analytes is limited when using sorptive extraction with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a novel type of sample preparation namely sorptive membrane solvent extraction, was developed and evaluated for the determination of atrazine and its polar metabolites in aqueous samples. Another attempt for the determination of polar analytes was done by preparing monoliths as extraction medium. Finally, a new selective artificial receptor for endocrine disrupting chemicals, based on the human estrogen receptor, was synthesized and evaluated using affinity chromatography and solid phase extraction (SPE). Although this work merely tips the iceberg with regard to providing total insight in the analysis of EDCs in aqueous samples, it aims to present the reader a broad overview of the different analytical techniques that can be used, their… Advisors/Committee Members: Sandra, Patrick.

Subjects/Keywords: Chemistry; aqueous sample; sample preparation; EDC; chromatography

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Van Hoeck, E. (2009). Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples. (Thesis). Ghent University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-505589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van Hoeck, Els. “Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples.” 2009. Thesis, Ghent University. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-505589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van Hoeck, Els. “Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples.” 2009. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

Van Hoeck E. Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-505589.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van Hoeck E. Development of multi-residue and selective methods for the ultra-sensitive determination of endocrine disrupting chemicals in aqueous samples. [Thesis]. Ghent University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-505589

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Pretoria

30. [No author]. The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings .

Degree: 2009, University of Pretoria

URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-184620/

► The behaviour of cohesionless soils is known to be influenced by the method of reconstitution. It is generally accepted in the literature that different reconstitution… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Moist tamping; Sample preparation; Aggregated; Liquefaction; Strainsoftening; Fabrics; Tailings; Gold; Slurry deposition; Behaviour; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

author], [. (2009). The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-184620/

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

author], [No. “The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings .” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Pretoria. Accessed April 10, 2021. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-184620/.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

author], [No. “The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings .” 2009. Web. 10 Apr 2021.

Vancouver:

author] [. The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Pretoria; 2009. [cited 2021 Apr 10]. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-184620/.

Council of Science Editors:

author] [. The effect of fabric on the behaviour of gold tailings . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Pretoria; 2009. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04072009-184620/

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