subject:(Repetitive head impacts)

University of Western Ontario

1. Harriss, Alexandra. Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players.

Degree: 2020, University of Western Ontario

URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7262

► Head trauma that occurs during sporting events is responsible for an increasing number of emergency department visits in Canada and is associated with an increased… (more)

▼ Head trauma that occurs during sporting events is responsible for an increasing number of emergency department visits in Canada and is associated with an increased risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.While head injury in American football has been extensively studied, it cannot be extrapolated to non-helmeted sports. Approximately 265 million people are actively participating in soccer and many are 18 years of age and younger. Soccer is unique in that players use their head to redirect the ball; however, the effects of cumulative purposeful soccer heading on brain health are unknown. Accordingly, the objective of this thesis was to quantify head impact magnitudes that female youth soccer players sustain during games and evaluate their influence on electrophysiological functioning both at rest and exercise. This was achieved through three research projects that studied female youth soccer players for an entire soccer season and investigated repetitive soccer heading using methodological equipment including, game video analysis, headbands instrumented with wireless microsensors, as well as electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings. Results indicated that the median number of headers experienced during a single game was one, while the maximum is nine, and minimum is zero (Chapter 2). Furthermore, player age is positively associated with an increasing number of purposeful soccer headers, but there is no association between head impact location and game scenario (Chapter 2). Chapter 3 reveals that game scenario and head impact location significantly affect both linear head acceleration and rotational head velocity magnitudes. As an initial attempt to detect neurocognitive change (Chapter 4), EEG recordings revealed a statistically significant increase in EEG power during exercise compared to rest at each EEG frequency band (Alpha1, Alpha2, Beta1, Beta2, Theta). These differences were amplified when cumulative number of headers were considered, but only for Alpha1, Alpha2 and Beta2. In conclusion, this thesis shows cumulative soccer heading experienced by female youth soccer players could lead to neurocognitive changes after one season of soccer. Furthermore, exercise may help to reveal sub-clinical brain changes due to cumulative soccer heading that are not shown at rest. These findings can help guide data-driven approaches to improve player safety in youth soccer.

Subjects/Keywords: Adolescent; concussion; head impacts; brain injury; repetitive; girls; Sports Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Harriss, A. (2020). Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7262

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Harriss, Alexandra. “Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players.” 2020. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed January 16, 2021. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7262.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Harriss, Alexandra. “Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Harriss A. Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7262.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Harriss A. Cumulative purposeful soccer heading can lead to compensatory changes in brain activity during combined moderate exercise and cognitive load in female youth soccer players. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2020. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/7262

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Boston University

2. Duncan, Kristen Marie. Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players.

Degree: MS, Medical Sciences, 2020, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41216

► CTE is a progressive neurodegenerative disease defined by p-tau lesions in characteristic locations of the brain, leading to cognitive impairment as well as mood and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Chronic traumatic encephalopathy; CTE; Dementia; Insomnia; Repetitive head impacts; Sleep disorders

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Duncan, K. M. (2020). Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41216

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Duncan, Kristen Marie. “Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players.” 2020. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41216.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Duncan, Kristen Marie. “Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players.” 2020. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Duncan KM. Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41216.

Council of Science Editors:

Duncan KM. Characterizing the incidence of sleep disorders in a cohort of former college football players. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/41216

Boston University

3. DeVoid, Andrew. Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome.

Degree: MS, Physician Assistant Program, 2017, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26608

► BACKGROUND: Sports-related head trauma has become a major public health concern with significant consequences including persistent post-concussion syndrome (pPCS) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). pPCS… (more)

▼ BACKGROUND: Sports-related head trauma has become a major public health concern with significant consequences including persistent post-concussion syndrome (pPCS) and chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). pPCS is a condition where symptoms of single concussion persist years beyond the initial injury. CTE has been characterized as a condition with insidious onset following a latent period after substantial exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI). Timing of symptom onset usually distinguishes these conditions, however in certain clinical situations a definitive diagnosis is not always clear. For these situations, a measurable distinguishing variable is necessary. LITERATURE REVIEW: Concussions are the most common form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are associated with a variety of neurological symptoms that usually resolve within weeks. Post-concussion syndrome (PCS) refers to cases where symptoms continue months beyond this window, and pPCS is defined as symptoms continuing over years. These conditions are temporally related single concussive events. CTE is the hallmark condition related to RHI and remains difficult to fully characterize as it currently can only be diagnosed post-mortem. Clinical features of CTE are similar to those of pPCS with notable behavioral/mood symptoms in its earliest stages, and progression to severe cognitive decline over time. Current research has shown executive dysfunction to be a common impairment among these conditions. The difference in level of dysfunction between them, if one exists, is yet to be measured. PROPOSED PROJECT: A cross-sectional analysis of executive function in four groups. A control without history of mTBI or football exposure (Non-Football – pPCS), a second control of asymptomatic subjects with football exposure (Football – pPCS), a group of pPCS patients with non-athletic mTBI history (Non-Football + pPCS), and a group of pPCS patients with football exposure (Football + pPCS). Executive functioning will be evaluated using the BRIEF-A assessment. Results will be compared to determine if significant differences in executive functioning exist between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: With previous studies showing a correlation between CTE pathological stage, worsening executive function, and increased RHI exposure, further investigation into using executive function as a distinguishing variable between early stage CTE and pPCS is warranted. SIGNIFICANCE: Results of this study, if significant, could be applied clinically to assess risk of early stage CTE in athletes with prolonged post-concussion symptoms. If results are not significant, they may still be utilized for a better understanding of the effects of isolated mTBIs and RHI on executive functioning, and provide valuable information for ongoing longitudinal studies.

Subjects/Keywords: Medicine; Chronic traumatic encephalopathy; Concussion; CTE; Post concussion syndrome; Repetitive head impacts; Subconcussion

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

DeVoid, A. (2017). Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26608

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

DeVoid, Andrew. “Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26608.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

DeVoid, Andrew. “Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome.” 2017. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

DeVoid A. Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26608.

Council of Science Editors:

DeVoid A. Distinguishing early stage chronic traumatic encephalopathy from persistent post-concussion syndrome. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26608

4. Forlivio, Steven Joseph. The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes.

Degree: MS, Physician Assistant Program, 2016, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183

► Football safety has increased over time, in part due to improvements in equipment and body mechanics, but there are still inherent risks involved, including exposure… (more)

▼ Football safety has increased over time, in part due to improvements in equipment and body mechanics, but there are still inherent risks involved, including exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI). Significant head impacts can result in a constellation of symptoms including nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and amnesia, which typically assist in the diagnosis of concussion. However, it has been shown that subconcussive impacts may result in microstructural changes and physiological alterations in the brain. This is particularly concerning because athletes may be undergoing changes in the brain in the absence of outwardly visible symptoms. Poorer neurologic outcomes later in life have been associated with cumulative exposure rather than number of diagnosed concussions. Accelerometers installed in helmets have shown that college football players may receive up to 1,850 head impacts throughout the course of one season. The concussion rate is obviously much lower, indicating there are a high number of head impacts per diagnosed concussion. Axons are especially susceptible to damage from RHI because of their extension throughout the nervous system. The subtle changes thought to result from RHI are not easy to measure, but several modalities have been proposed. These include diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), plasma tau protein, and King-Devick testing. The proposed study will look to quantify cumulative head impact exposure in college football players prior to the start of a season and see if this has any impact on the variables. They will then participate in one season of football wearing helmet accelerometers to measure the number of head impacts sustained. Changes in the variables will be compared to non-contact sport college athletes. Data will be analyzed to determine if number of head impacts correlates with changes in variables and if prior head impact exposure has any effect on these changes. Data obtained from this study will have significant implications in the field of head injury. It may strengthen the use of several markers of brain injury that could be utilized in the future. Additionally, the effects of cumulative head impact exposure and one season of head impacts will be thoroughly examined. This information can be provided to trainers, coaches, and athletes to further improve football safety.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Accelerometer; Chronic traumatic encephalopathy; Concussion; Repetitive head impacts; Traumatic brain injury; Tau protein

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Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Forlivio, S. J. (2016). The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Forlivio, Steven Joseph. “The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed January 16, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Forlivio, Steven Joseph. “The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes.” 2016. Web. 16 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Forlivio SJ. The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183.

Council of Science Editors:

Forlivio SJ. The effects of repetitive head impacts on neuroimaging and biomarkers in college athletes. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/19183

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