subject:(Prefrontal cortex)

University of Edinburgh

1. Griffin, Charlie. Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults.

Degree: 2009, University of Edinburgh

► The aim of this study was to use two variants of the Iowa gambling test, which have been shown to dissociate between patients with dorsolateral… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: prefrontal cortex; iowa gambling task

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APA (6^th Edition):

Griffin, C. (2009). Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Griffin, Charlie. “Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults.” 2009. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Griffin, Charlie. “Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults.” 2009. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Griffin C. Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2009. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3585.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Griffin C. Dissociating the decision making functions of older adults. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/3585

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Edinburgh

2. Iveson, Matthew. Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex.

Degree: 2010, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5349

► The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a site which has been shown to be particularly susceptible to the ageing process. However, the PFC itself is a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cognitive ageing; prefrontal cortex; dorsolateral

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iveson, M. (2010). Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex. (Thesis). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5349

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iveson, Matthew. “Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex.” 2010. Thesis, University of Edinburgh. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5349.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iveson, Matthew. “Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex.” 2010. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Iveson M. Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5349.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Iveson M. Cognitive ageing and the prefrontal cortex. [Thesis]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5349

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Rochester

3. Hussar, Cory R. Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/21469

► The majority of sensory comparisons we make are performed across time, an ability that requires subjects to both process and remember behaviorally relevant sensory stimuli.… (more)

▼ The majority of sensory comparisons we make are performed across time, an ability that requires subjects to both process and remember behaviorally relevant sensory stimuli. These remembered features must then be utilized in a comparison process based on both the current and remembered stimuli. This type of memory-based sensory comparison is thought to depend on internal processing within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and on the top-down feedback it provides to sensory neurons. To examine the neural circuitry behind the ability to perform such tasks, we recorded from the PFC while monkeys compared the directions and speeds of two moving random-dot stimuli, separated by a brief delay. Taking advantage of differences in the durations of action potentials, we classified all recorded neurons as narrowspiking (NS) putative interneurons and broad-spiking (BS) putative pyramidal cells. This allowed us to characterize both the activity of NS cells reflecting local processing within the PFC and the activity of BS neurons reflecting the possible top-down influences that PFC is likely to exert on sensory cortical areas. Many PFC neurons of both types exhibited selectivity for both the speed and direction of motion in a manner resembling neurons in motion processing areas, suggestive of its bottom-up origin. However, stimulus selectivity in the PFC depended on task demands, particularly in NS neurons. During the delay, BS cells carried a transient and independent representation of the remembered motion as well as anticipatory activity modulation in preparation of the upcoming comparison stimulus. Both cell-types showed robust responses during the second stimulus that reflected the comparison process and their activity reliably predicted the perceptual decision. Our results reveal functional specialization within the PFC during memory-guided comparison tasks, with NS neurons adjusting their stimulus selectivity to task demands and BS neurons providing stimulus-selective and anticipatory signals to upstream sensory areas during the memory delay. These data provide a detailed characterization of the contribution of PFC neurons to memory-guided sensory comparisons.

Subjects/Keywords: Motion; (PFC); Prefrontal Cortex

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hussar, C. R. (2012). Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/21469

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hussar, Cory R. “Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/21469.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hussar, Cory R. “Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks.” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hussar CR. Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/21469.

Council of Science Editors:

Hussar CR. Representation of Speed and Direction in Prefrontal Cortex During Motion Discrimination Tasks. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/21469

University of Rochester

4. Diehl, Maria Magdalena. Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Rochester

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26786

► The prefrontal cortex receives a wealth of sensory signals and plays an essential role in orchestrating complex cognitive behaviors including social communication processes. Social communication… (more)

▼ The prefrontal cortex receives a wealth of sensory signals and plays an essential role in orchestrating complex cognitive behaviors including social communication processes. Social communication requires the integration of different environmental cues that are present in faces and voices. The goal of this thesis was to examine how the ventral frontal lobe encodes social communication information. Evidence has suggested that the ventral frontal lobe is involved in encoding and remembering complex features of objects including faces and voices. We obtain a variety of information from faces and voices including the speaker’s identity, emotional state, as well as their intentions. However, little is known to what extent the ventral frontal lobe encodes these features. In the first set of experiments, we examined the encoding of stimulus congruence in multisensory prefrontal neurons. Previous studies have shown that neurons in ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC) integrate facial and vocal stimuli. To understand the specific features required for proper recognition and integration, we examined the responses of VLPFC neurons to incongruent face-vocalization stimuli. VLPFC recordings revealed that some multisensory neurons are sensitive to stimulus congruence, which was demonstrated with either enhanced or suppressed neuronal response patterns. In another series of recordings, we assessed the role of VLPFC neurons in encoding and discriminating audiovisual expressions and speaker identity. Neuronal activity was recorded from the VLPFC of macaque monkeys while they performed a non-match to sample task using conspecific face-vocalization stimuli that differed by emotional expression or caller identity. These results indicate that many VLPFC neurons respond to both task and stimulus-related events including changes in identity or changes in expression that occurred between the audiovisual vocalizations. Finally, we characterized the anatomical connectivity of VLPFC regions that had been physiologically defined as auditory, visual, or multisensory. These anatomical studies revealed direct connections between auditory, visual, and audiovisual-responsive areas of VLPFC with auditory association, visual extrastriate, and polymodal superior temporal cortical regions. Together, these findings will help elucidate the neuronal mechanisms and circuits of social communication which will aid in the advancement of treatments for communication and affective disorders including autism and schizophrenia.

Subjects/Keywords: Prefrontal Cortex; Multisensory; Monkey; Communication

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Diehl, M. M. (2013). Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26786

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Diehl, Maria Magdalena. “Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26786.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Diehl, Maria Magdalena. “Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Diehl MM. Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26786.

Council of Science Editors:

Diehl MM. Neuronal Activity and Connections of Face and Vocalization Processing Regions of the Primate Prefrontal Cortex. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/26786

Drexel University

5. Coley, Austin. PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits.

Degree: 2019, Drexel University

URL: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A9951

►

Postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) is a major regulator in the maturation of excitatory synapses by interacting and trafficking N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox-azoleproprionic acid… (more)

▼

Postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) is a major regulator in the maturation of excitatory synapses by interacting and trafficking N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isox-azoleproprionic acid receptors (AMPARs) to the postsynaptic membrane of the dendritic spine. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) – a brain region responsible for cognition and sociability – contains major reciprocal connections with the mediodorsal thalamus (MD), and this connectivity is severely disrupted in psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Coincidently, PSD-95 disruption has been implicated for both disorders, but how PSD-95 deficiency affects the mPFC during development and MD-mPFC connectivity remains unknown. Therefore, using PSD-95 deficient mouse models (PSD-95+/- & PSD-95-/-), we examined how PSD-95 deficiency affects NMDAR and AMPAR expression and function in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) at postnatal days 21, 35, and 70 i.e., juvenile, adolescent, and adult periods, respectively. We found significant increases in total protein levels of NMDAR subunits GluN1, and GluN2B, accompanied with a significant decrease in AMPAR subunit GluA1 during adolescence. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings of NMDA- and AMPA-mediated currents revealed significant increases in NMDAR/AMPAR-mediated current amplitude during adolescence and adulthood. Behaviorally, we show PSD-95-/- mice exhibit a lack of social exploration and novelty, accompanied with learning and working memory deficits. Additionally, using optogenetics, we characterized cortico-cortical verses thalamo-cortical connections within the mPFC. Our results revealed a significant increase in NMDAR/AMPAR-mediated current amplitude ratio in cortico-cortical connections. In contrast, there is a significant reduction in NMDAR/AMPAR-mediated transmission in MD-mPFC connection in PSD-95+/- and PSD-95-/- mice. These data suggests input specific alterations within the mPFC in response to PSD-95 deficiency. These data indicate that PSD-95 deficiency disrupts mPFC synaptic function, connectivity and mPFC-associated behavior. This study describes the importance of PSD-95 during neurodevelopment in the mPFC and its potential roles in social and cognitive dysregulations.

Ph.D., Neuroscience – Drexel University, 2019

Advisors/Committee Members: Gao, Wen-Jun, Espana, Rodrigo, College of Medicine.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Nanoscience; Prefrontal cortex; Neurotransmitters

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APA (6^th Edition):

Coley, A. (2019). PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits. (Thesis). Drexel University. Retrieved from https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A9951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Coley, Austin. “PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits.” 2019. Thesis, Drexel University. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A9951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Coley, Austin. “PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Coley A. PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits. [Internet] [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A9951.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Coley A. PSD-95 deficiency disrupts PFC function and connectivity leading to sociability and cognitive deficits. [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2019. Available from: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A9951

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Otago

6. Goulter, Natalie. Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex .

Degree: 2011, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/638

► Gambling machines have been referred to as the “crack cocaine” of gambling, due to the rapid speed at which people develop a pathological addiction. The… (more)

▼ Gambling machines have been referred to as the “crack cocaine” of gambling, due to the rapid speed at which people develop a pathological addiction. The American Psychological Association (2000) defines pathological gambling as a disorder of impulse control with continual and recurring maladaptive gambling behaviour. Extensive neurological research has demonstrated that pathological gamblers display changes in prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. Given the importance of the PFC in decision-making and reward we recorded from the nidopallium caudolaterale (NCL), the avian equivalent of the PFC, employing single-unit electrophysiology. Specifically, four gambling-related neuron types (reward-proximity, I-Lost, I-Won, and near-miss effect (NME)) were investigated for changes in overall prevalence and changes in activity as a function of either short or long experience playing a slot machine. Four pigeons (Columba livia) served as the subjects, two subjects were trained for a short period (short-trained), and two subjects were trained for a long period (long-trained) in order to mimic pathological gamblers length of gambling experience. The subjects played a computer-generated slot machine whereby the animal pecked on the virtual arm to initiate four tumblers to begin rolling. The pigeon then proceeded to peck each of the four tumblers in a consecutive order to stop each from rolling. If four of a kind appears on the tumblers the subjects received a food reward. The task was very similar to real slot machines that humans use in gaming rooms and casinos. It was hypothesised that the prevalence of reward-proximity, I-Lost and I-Won neurons would be higher in long-trained subjects. In contrast, the prevalence of NME neurons was predicted to be higher in the short-trained subjects. Moreover, with regard to activity rate (or magnitude effects) the long-trained subjects were hypothesised to demonstrate higher levels with reward-proximity, I-Lost and I-Won neurons. In contrast, the short-trained subjects were hypothesised to demonstrate a higher magnitude effect. The results illustrated higher prevalence’s in the long-trained group with reward proximity, I-Lost and I-Won neurons, and a higher prevalence of NME neurons in the short-trained group, thus, the first hypothesis were supported. Higher magnitude effects were found with reward-proximity, I-Won and NME in the long-trained group. The short-trained group, however, demonstrated a higher magnitude effect with I-Lost neurons. The second hypothesis, therefore, was partially supported. In conclusion, the present experiment demonstrates that with extensive gambling experience changes in neural activity is observed in the avian NCL. Due to the similarities of the NCL to the PFC, this experiment has significant implications with regard to developing effective treatments and interventions for pathological gamblers. The findings, here, provide a framework for further research to investigate gambling related neural changes. Advisors/Committee Members: Colombo, Michael (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: gambling; avian; prefrontal cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Goulter, N. (2011). Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex . (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/638

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goulter, Natalie. “Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex .” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/638.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goulter, Natalie. “Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex .” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Goulter N. Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/638.

Council of Science Editors:

Goulter N. Effects of Length of Gambling Experience on Neural Activity in the Avian 'Prefrontal' Cortex . [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/638

University of Otago

7. Chadha, Sumeer Alexander. Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task .

Degree: 2011, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1706

► Behavioural inhibition is the ability to suppress irrelevant behaviours that are either unsafe or are inappropriate for the task at hand. Neuropsychological studies have linked… (more)

▼ Behavioural inhibition is the ability to suppress irrelevant behaviours that are either unsafe or are inappropriate for the task at hand. Neuropsychological studies have linked behavioural inhibition primarily to the actions of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), the hippocampus (HPC), as well as several additional regions of the brain. The current investigation addressed the role of the mPFC-hippocampal pathway on behavioural inhibition within the place-preference task. The task required rats to enter and wait for two seconds within a defined region within a circular maze for food reward. Muscimol, a GABA-A agonist, was used to create a transient block of the prelimbic cortex (PL) within the mPFC to examine its effects on both behaviour and on hippocampal electrophysiology. Recording electrodes were surgically implanted into the dorsal and ventral hippocampal CA1. The rationale for this line of inquiry stems from a growing body of research purporting a link between the mPFC and the HPC in terms of theta-coordinated communication between the two regions during mnemonic tasks. When muscimol was infused into the PL, rats had a markedly decreased ability to remain within a circularly-defined goal region for the two-seconds required to obtain a food reward. The question that arose from this finding was whether or not transient lesions to the PFC resulted in the observed behaviour because the PFC was acting through non-hippocampal regions to inhibit animals’ movement within the goal region, or was a signal sent from the mPFC so as to influence the dorsal and/or ventral HPC via their inputs so as to disrupt behaviour through hippocampal mechanisms. To address this query, data was analyzed in two ways. The first method was to look at two second blocks of time that corresponded to only correct responses across trial number, time segment and effect of drug on theta amplitude and frequency. The second method focused on the first one second of entry into the goal region to look at the effects of lesions to the PL for both correct responses and incorrect responses. Contrary to expectations, inhibiting the mPFC with muscimol did not result in significant changes to either the power of theta or the frequency within both the dorsal and ventral CA1 in the first method of analysis. In contrast, ANOVA analyses on the one second blocks of data revealed that a decrease in dorsal CA1 theta frequency was associated with a subsequent incorrect response. Correlating hippocampal theta to behaviour produced mixed results that were inconclusive. The current investigation demonstrates that the PL plays a key role in behavioural inhibition. However, it does not provide conclusive evidence that the HPC has a role in behavioural inhibition, at least with regard to the completion of the goal in the place preference task, if theta is a marker for behavioural inhibition. Advisors/Committee Members: Bilkey, David (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: prefrontal cortex; hippocampus; behavioural inhibition

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chadha, S. A. (2011). Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task . (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1706

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chadha, Sumeer Alexander. “Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task .” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1706.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chadha, Sumeer Alexander. “Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task .” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chadha SA. Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1706.

Council of Science Editors:

Chadha SA. Transient Lesions of the Prelimbic Cortex Result in a Decrease in Behavioural Inhibition in Rats Within the Place-Preference Task . [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/1706

University of Otago

8. Browning, Rebecca. Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? .

Degree: 2012, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2100

► Prefrontal cortex (PFC) delay activity found in working memory tasks has been said to be a neural correlate of memory. However, similar PFC delay activity… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Prefrontal cortex; memory code

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APA (6^th Edition):

Browning, R. (2012). Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? . (Masters Thesis). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2100

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Browning, Rebecca. “Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? .” 2012. Masters Thesis, University of Otago. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2100.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Browning, Rebecca. “Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? .” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Browning R. Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Otago; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2100.

Council of Science Editors:

Browning R. Prefrontal cortex delay activity: Sample code or reward code? . [Masters Thesis]. University of Otago; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/2100

University of Colorado

9. Morkonda Gnanasekaran, Srinimisha. The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval.

Degree: MS, Computer Science, 2013, University of Colorado

URL: https://scholar.colorado.edu/csci_gradetds/68

► The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is considered as the brain's executive, with multiple functions and this executive role has been studied for a long time.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: cortex; memory; prefrontal; Neurosciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morkonda Gnanasekaran, S. (2013). The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval. (Masters Thesis). University of Colorado. Retrieved from https://scholar.colorado.edu/csci_gradetds/68

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morkonda Gnanasekaran, Srinimisha. “The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Colorado. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://scholar.colorado.edu/csci_gradetds/68.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morkonda Gnanasekaran, Srinimisha. “The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Morkonda Gnanasekaran S. The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Colorado; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/csci_gradetds/68.

Council of Science Editors:

Morkonda Gnanasekaran S. The importance of medial prefrontal cortex in resolving interference during memory retrieval. [Masters Thesis]. University of Colorado; 2013. Available from: https://scholar.colorado.edu/csci_gradetds/68

University of Minnesota

10. Hasz, Brendan. Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation.

Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2020, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/213077

► Decision making is driven by multiple, somewhat independent systems within the brain. One of these systems makes slow, deliberative decisions, and is thought to be… (more)

▼ Decision making is driven by multiple, somewhat independent systems within the brain. One of these systems makes slow, deliberative decisions, and is thought to be driven by a model-based neural algorithm, in that it learns an internal model of the world which it uses to make decisions. Another system makes fast, habitual choices, and is hypothesized to depend on a model-free neural algorithm, in that it does not learn a model of the world, but simply stores state-action-reward associations. While the habitual system is relatively well-studied, the neural underpinnings of the deliberative system are less clear. Specifically, it is not known how areas comprising the deliberative system, such as prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus, share information on fast timescales. Also, representations of contingency information in prefrontal areas have previously been impossible to disambiguate from the encoding of other time-varying information. In this thesis, we adapted for rats a task which enabled the dissociation of model-based from model-free influence on choice, and we found evidence for both model-based and model-free control. We also developed a simpler task which caused rats to repeatedly transition between deliberative and habitual modes. On this second task, we found that both dmPFC and CA1 encoded information about task contingencies, while simultaneously representing unrelated time-varying information. Lastly, we examined interactions between dmPFC and CA1 on fast timescales, and found that both areas represented prospective information simultaneously, but that the content of this prospective information was not always identical between the two areas. Activity in dmPFC predicted whether HPC would represent prospective information on broad timescales, and prospective representation in HPC changed reward encoding in dmPFC on faster, sub-second timescales. Our work begins to bridge the neural underpinnings of decision making in rodents and the algorithms by which they select actions, confirms that the deliberative system represents contingency information, and uncovers asymmetries in the transfer of information between dmPFC and HPC.

Subjects/Keywords: decision-making; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hasz, B. (2020). Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/213077

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hasz, Brendan. “Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Minnesota. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/213077.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hasz, Brendan. “Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hasz B. Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/213077.

Council of Science Editors:

Hasz B. Model-Free and Model-Based Influence on Choice in Rodents and Interactions between Hippocampus and Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex during Deliberation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Minnesota; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/213077

Virginia Tech

11. Klineburger, Philip C. The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2014, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50991

► The music-evoked emotion literature implicates many brain regions involved in emotional processing but is currently lacking a model that specifically explains how they temporally and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: music; emotion; prefrontal cortex

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APA (6^th Edition):

Klineburger, P. C. (2014). The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50991

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Klineburger, Philip C. “The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50991.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Klineburger, Philip C. “The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Klineburger PC. The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50991.

Council of Science Editors:

Klineburger PC. The Dynamic Functional Capacity Theory: Music Evoked Emotions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50991

Tampere University

12. Havela, Riikka. Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults .

Degree: 2020, Tampere University

URL: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/119998

► Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive and well tolerated method for stimulating the brain in a subthreshold manner. It has shown some… (more)

▼ Introduction: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive and well tolerated method for stimulating the brain in a subthreshold manner. It has shown some promise e.g. in treatment of major depressive disorder. The prefrontal cortex is an interesting target for tDCS studies, since the executive functions it performs are compromised in many diseases of the brain. Verbal fluency tasks are one way of measuring executive functions, albeit inherently being a combined task that measures several other functions, such as verbal ability, as well. In this study, we wanted to explore whether tDCS targeted to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex influences performance in phonemic and semantic word fluency tasks in healthy adults. Materials and methods: 23 healthy participants, aged 21-34 years, were randomized into two groups, one receiving active tDCS stimulation and the other one receiving sham stimulation. They performed a one-minute phonemic and semantic fluency test before (session 1) and after (session 2) performing Executive reaction time test, a computer-based test engaging several executive functions simultaneously, during which the active or sham stimulation was administered. The number of words produced during the verbal fluency tests was analyzed for the full one-minute test period, and in 15 second intervals using analysis of variance and Student’s T-test. Results: The semantic fluency task proved to be easier for the participants, as expected. There was also a tendency to perform better in session 2 (post-stimulation) than session 1 (pre-stimulation) in both fluency tasks and in both active and sham stimulation groups, implying learning. Interestingly, there was a statistically significant difference in the semantic fluency test session 2 (post-stimulation) second quarter (15-30 s from the beginning of the test) between the number of words produced by the active and sham stimulation groups with those having received tDCS producing more words. Conclusions: The results indicate significant learning in repeated verbal fluency tasks influencing the assessment of an intervention on executive functions. tDCS improved verbal fluency in the second quarter of the fluency test. We speculate based on the exponential decay curve of performance in the fluency task that the second quarter is most dependent on executive functions, and thus subtle alterations in executive functions may be more easily detected during this quarter. This is in contrast to the first quarter that relies on semiautomatic access of frequent words rather than effortful retrieval of infrequent words. Furthermore, it may be that in the third and fourth quarter vocabulary may be the limiting factor on the performance rather than the efficiency of executive functions. Thus, while caution is warranted and these preliminary results should be confirmed in future studies, it is possible that there was a subtle improvement in executive functions due to tDCS that was observed only in the second quarter of the fluency task.

Subjects/Keywords: tDCS ; prefrontal cortex ; verbal fluency

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APA (6^th Edition):

Havela, R. (2020). Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults . (Masters Thesis). Tampere University. Retrieved from https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/119998

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Havela, Riikka. “Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults .” 2020. Masters Thesis, Tampere University. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/119998.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Havela, Riikka. “Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults .” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Havela R. Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Tampere University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/119998.

Council of Science Editors:

Havela R. Effect of Frontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Word Fluency in Healthy Adults . [Masters Thesis]. Tampere University; 2020. Available from: https://trepo.tuni.fi/handle/10024/119998

University of New South Wales

13. Willcocks, Andrea. The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking.

Degree: Psychology, 2012, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/52248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10918/SOURCE01?view=true

► The present thesis investigated the behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms underlying extinction and recovery of drug-seeking. Rats were trained to self-administer alcoholic beer, extinguished, and… (more)

▼ The present thesis investigated the behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms underlying extinction and recovery of drug-seeking. Rats were trained to self-administer alcoholic beer, extinguished, and then recovery of drug-seeking was assessed using one of two preparations. In reacquisition, the rate of retraining to self-administer alcoholic beer was examined after extinction training. In renewal, animals were tested without reinforcement in the self-administration context, where drug-seeking recovered, and the extinction context, where there were low levels of drug-seeking. The first series of experiments examined the role of context in the reacquisition of extinguished alcoholic beer-seeking. These experiments showed that reacquisition was rapid compared to a naive control and not simply a function of the amount of extinction training. Importantly, reacquisition was independent of context. That is, retraining was rapid regardless of whether testing occurred in a novel context (AAB), a context with a mixed history of reinforcement (AAA), the extinction context (ABB) or the self-administration context (ABA). In contrast, latencies to first drug-associated response were delayed when animals were tested in a context uniquely associated with extinction training. Together, these findings suggest that two different behavioural processes influence latencies and overall reacquisition. Specifically, latencies were dependent on the physical context whereas overall responding during reacquisition was dependent on the contingency context. The second series of experiments examined medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC) control of extinction, renewal and reacquisition of drug-seeking. These experiments tested the proposed reinstatement extinction dichotomy within the prelimbic (PL) and infralimbic (IL) mPFC regions. Reversible inactivation of PL prior to test attenuated ABA renewal but augmented reacquisition. IL reversible inactivation prior to test had no effect on ABA renewal or extinction expression (AAA and ABB). IL inactivation did, however, delay latency to first response when testing occurred in the extinction context. Manipulation of the DP had no effect on any measures suggesting that it is a functionally distinct region from the neighbouring IL. Together, these results do not support a reinstatement extinction dichotomy within PL and IL. Rather, they suggest that PL mediates retrieval of contingency information. In contrast, IL may be recruited to regulate responding after extended training. Advisors/Committee Members: McNally, Gavan, Psychology, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Prefrontal cortex; Reacquisition; Extinction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Willcocks, A. (2012). The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/52248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10918/SOURCE01?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Willcocks, Andrea. “The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/52248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10918/SOURCE01?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Willcocks, Andrea. “The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking.” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Willcocks A. The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/52248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10918/SOURCE01?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Willcocks A. The behavioural and prefrontal cortical mechanisms for extinction and recovery of alcoholic beer-seeking. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2012. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/52248 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:10918/SOURCE01?view=true

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

14. Kang, Shuo. Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior.

Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2018, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102915

► Non-medial amphetamine (AMPH) use is prevalent in the adolescent population. Empirical evidence suggests that individuals starting using drugs during adolescence have a higher chance of… (more)

▼ Non-medial amphetamine (AMPH) use is prevalent in the adolescent population. Empirical evidence suggests that individuals starting using drugs during adolescence have a higher chance of developing drug-related problems. It is hypothesized that adolescents may have a heightened vulnerability to drug induced plasticity such as cognitive deficits and neuroadaptations. My pilot studies suggested that the high frequency stimulation (HFS)-induced long-term depression (LTD) in the prelimbic cortex (PL) is likely to be a target influenced by repeated AMPH in an age-of-exposure dependent manner, which results in abnormalities in the reward circuit function and goal-directed behavior. Using a rat model, this hypothesis was tested with three specific aims: (1) to investigate the ontogeny of this LTD function (Experiment 1), (2) to assess the effect of adolescent and adult amphetamine on HFS-induced LTD in the PL and the potential mechanisms underlying AMPH-induced changes (Experiment 2) and (3) to determine whether AMPH-induced changes in the PL and in the reward circuit are associated with impaired cognitive flexibility (Experiment 3). In Experiment 1, field potentials in brain slices from male naive rats were assessed to test the effect of age on the expression of this LTD. The role of GABA and dopamine receptors in the HFS-induced LTD was investigated using respective agonist or antagonist. In Experiment 2, brain slices from male rats pre-exposed to repeated 3.0 mg/kg AMPH i.p injections were used in field potential and patch-clamp recordings to assess AMPH’s effect on the expression of LTD and dopamine’s modulation of inhibition. In Experiment 3, male and female rats were treated as in Experiment 2 and subjected to a strategy set-shifting task to assess AMPH’s effect on cognitive flexibility. Upon finishing the behavioral testing, each rat was sacrificed for slice recordings to assess AMPH’s effect on HFS-induced plasticity in the PL-nucleus accumbens circuit. These studies revealed unique behavioral changes and neuroadaptations following adolescent AMPH exposure. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that adolescent brain is more vulnerable to the detrimental effect of drugs. Advisors/Committee Members: Gulley, Joshua M. (advisor), Gulley, Joshua M. (Committee Chair), Juraska, Janice M. (committee member), Chung, Hee Jung (committee member), Christian, Catherine A. (committee member), Liang, Nu-Chu (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Adolescence; amphetamine; prefrontal cortex; plasticity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kang, S. (2018). Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102915

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kang, Shuo. “Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102915.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kang, Shuo. “Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Kang S. Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102915.

Council of Science Editors:

Kang S. Age-dependent effects of chronic amphetamine on prelimbic-nucleus accumbens circuit function and goal-directed behavior. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/102915

15. 설, 정훈. Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making.

Degree: 2011, Ajou University

URL: http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/4336 ; http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000011696

►

We investigated how different sub-regions of rodent prefrontal cortex contribute to value-based decision making, by comparing neural signals related to animal’s choice, its outcome, and… (more)

▼

We investigated how different sub-regions of rodent prefrontal cortex contribute to value-based decision making, by comparing neural signals related to animal’s choice, its outcome, and action value in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of rats performing a dynamic two-armed bandit (TAB) task. And we also examined neuronal activity in the lateral (AGl) and medial (AGm) agranular cortex, corresponding to the primary and secondary motor cortex, respectively, in rats performing a dynamic dual assignment with hold (DAWH) task. Neural signals for upcoming action selection arose in the mPFC, including the anterior cingulate cortex, only immediately before the behavioral manifestation of animal’s choice, suggesting that rodent prefrontal cortex is not involved in advanced action planning. On the other hand, neural signals for an upcoming choice arose ~500 ㎳ before behavioral manifestation of the animal’s choice in the AGm, which is by far the earliest choice-related neuronal activity found in the rat brain under free-choice conditions. Both OFC and mPFC conveyed signals related to the animal’s past choices and their outcomes over multiple trials, but neural signals for chosen value and reward prediction error were more prevalent in the OFC. Meanwhile, the AGm conveyed all the signals necessary to update the value of chosen action after the choice outcome was revealed. In contrast, upcoming choice signals arose later and chosen value signals were weaker in the AGl. Consequently, our results suggest that rodent OFC and mPFC serve distinct roles in value-based decision making, and that the OFC plays a prominent role in updating the values of outcomes expected from chosen actions and a secondary motor cortex is uniquely involved in both updating and reading out value signals for flexible action selection in rats.

우리는 동적 two-armed bandit (TAB) task 를 수행하는 쥐의 안와전두피질(OFC) 그리고 내측 전두피질(mPFC) 내에서 동물의 선택, 이에 대한 결과, 그리고 행동의 가치와 연관된 신경신호를 비교 함으로서 쥐의 전두엽이 각 영역에 따라서 어떠한 방식으로 ‘가치’를 근간으로 한 의사결정에 기여하는지를 조사 하였다. 그리고 우리는 또한 쥐가 동적인 dual assignment with hold (DAWH) task 를 수행하면서, 각각 주 운동피질과 부운동피질에 해당하는, 외측 무과립(AGl) 그리고 내측 무과립(AGm) 피질에서의 신경활성도를 측정했다. 다가오는 행동 선택에 대한 신경신호는 전 대상피질을 포함하는 내측 전두피질에서 동물의 행동 징후가 나타내기 바로 직전에 증가하는 경향을 보이며, 이는 쥐의 전두엽이 고차 행동 계획을 수행하는데 관여되어 있지 않는다는 사실을 제안한다. 한편, 내측 무과립 피질의 경우 다가오는 행동 선택에 대한 신경신호는 동물의 선택의 행동 징후가 나타내기 전인 ~500㎳ 에 증가하는 경향을 보이며, 이는 지금까지 자유로운 선택이 가능한 환경내에서 쥐의 뇌에서 발견된 가장 빠른 증가 경향을 보이는 선택과 관련된 신경신호이다. 안와전두피질 그리고 내측 전두피질 두 영역 모두 수 시행에 걸쳐 동물의 과거 선택과 그것에 의한 결과와 연관된 신호를 전달한다지만, 선택된 ‘가치’와 reward prediction error 에 대한 신경신호는 안와전두피질에서 더욱 더 우세하다. 반면에, 내측 무과립 피질은 선택된 결과가 나타난 이후에 선택된 행동의 ‘가치’를 갱신하는데 필수적인 신경신호를 전달한다. 대조적으로, 다가오는 선택에 대한 신호는 행동 선택 이후에 증가하고 선택된 ‘가치’에 대한 신호는 외측 무과립 피질에서 약하게 나타났다. 결과적으로, 우리의 결과는 쥐의 안와전두피질 그리고 내측 전두피질는 ‘가치’를 근간으로 한 의사결정에 뚜렷한 역할을 수행한다는 사실과 안와전두피질는 선택된 행동으로부터 기대되어지는 결과의 ‘가치’를 갱신하는데 중요한 역할을 수행한다는 사실을 제안하며 또한 이차 운동피질은 유연한 행동 선택에 대한 ‘가치’신호를 갱신하고 판독하는데 유일무이하게 관련되어 있다는 사실을 제안한다.

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTION 1 A. Value-based decision making in Prefrontal cortex 1 B. Value-based…

Advisors/Committee Members: 대학원 의학과, 200524346, 설, 정훈.

Subjects/Keywords: 내측 전전두피질; 안와전두피질; 운동피질; Prefrontal Cortex; Orbitofrontal Cortex; Motor Cortex

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APA (6^th Edition):

설, �. (2011). Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making. (Thesis). Ajou University. Retrieved from http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/4336 ; http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000011696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

설, 정훈. “Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making.” 2011. Thesis, Ajou University. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/4336 ; http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000011696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

설, 정훈. “Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making.” 2011. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

설 �. Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ajou University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/4336 ; http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000011696.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

설 �. Interactions Between Medical Prefrontal Cortex, Orbitofrontal Cortex and Motor Cortex in Value-based Decision Making. [Thesis]. Ajou University; 2011. Available from: http://repository.ajou.ac.kr/handle/201003/4336 ; http://dcoll.ajou.ac.kr:9080/dcollection/jsp/common/DcLoOrgPer.jsp?sItemId=000000011696

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Alberta

16. Grant, Hercules. Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy.

Degree: PhD, Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/g158bj804

► Chronic hypertension induces microvascular changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) which could influence oxygenation status. However, hypertension-related changes in oxygenation in the PFC and cognition,… (more)

▼ Chronic hypertension induces microvascular changes in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) which could influence oxygenation status. However, hypertension-related changes in oxygenation in the PFC and cognition, especially during functional stresses, remain poorly investigated. This project consisted of three separate studies, evaluating and comparing normotensive and stage 1 hypertensive males (19 – 56 yrs.) for: (1) the reliability of the hemodynamic responses, namely, oxyhemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhemoglobin (HHb), total hemoglobin (tHb) and hemoglobin difference (HbDiff) at the PFC during postural change and carbon dioxide (CO2) rebreathing, (2) cognitive performance (digit span and auditory consonant trigrams - CCC) at rest, and (3) cognitive performance (modified Stroop task) at rest and during cycling at 50 Watts and up to 75%HRmax. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to measure the bilateral PFC hemodynamic responses in real-time during these interventions. Delta values (peak minus baseline or peak minus control) were calculated for each hemodynamic variable and subjected to appropriate analysis to test the study hypotheses. Moderate to high reliability coefficients were observed for all hemodynamic and CO2 reactivity responses with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for O2Hb and tHb ranging between 0.67 and 0.901 (normotensive, N=25), and 0.61 and 0.823 (hypertensive, N=15). No significant difference was noted in CO2 reactivity with postural change between the groups after matching for age level. Significant impairment in digit span and CCC performance was observed in the hypertensives (P=0.027) after age matching 15 participants for each group. Both groups demonstrated similar trends in the acute hemodynamic responses during the digit span and CCC tests. However the delta values were not significantly different between the two groups. Significant correlations were observed between digit span performance and delta values of O2Hb as well as tHb, only in the hypertensive group in both the right and left PFC. During the cycling tests, no significant differences were observed in modified Stroop test performance on any of the hemodynamic responses, except tHb, which was higher in the normotensive group. Significant positive correlations were observed for the hypertensives in Stroop performance scores and O2Hb and HbDiff changes at rest only. The conflicting findings in the hypertensive group could be due to the wide age range of participants and the period of hypertension which could influence microvascularity at the PFC. The evidence suggests a less than straightforward relationship between cognition and performance in hypertension and provides new perspectives that can be used in structuring rehabilitation programs for this clinical population.

Subjects/Keywords: Near Infrared Spectroscopy; Oxygenation; Hypertension; Prefrontal Cortex

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APA (6^th Edition):

Grant, H. (2014). Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/g158bj804

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Grant, Hercules. “Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/g158bj804.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Grant, Hercules. “Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Grant H. Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/g158bj804.

Council of Science Editors:

Grant H. Hemodynamic Changes in the Prefrontal Cortex during Functional Activation in Essential Hypertension Measured by Near Infrared Spectroscopy. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/g158bj804

University of California – Berkeley

17. Cano, Maya Elizabeth. The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain.

Degree: Neuroscience, 2014, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3329x67q

► There are many instances in life when a person wants or needs to forget a memory. These unwanted memories can range from something that is… (more)

▼ There are many instances in life when a person wants or needs to forget a memory. These unwanted memories can range from something that is simply now irrelevant such as an outdated fact, to something as serious as a traumatic experience. In extreme cases such as post-traumatic stress disorder, the benefit of forgetting becomes obvious. As such, it is important that we understand not only how our brain is able to remember, but also how it is able to forget. Unlike the traditional view of incidental forgetting, recent studies have shown that forgetting can be a strategic and active process. However, the mechanisms by which we can intentionally suppress our memories are not fully understood. Moreover, most of the directed forgetting research has focused on suppressing visual memories. A more complete understanding of the way we can exert inhibitory control over our memories should include all sensory modalities. To address this issue, we examined whether similar electrophysiological findings, as reported in visual electroencephalography (EEG) studies of directed forgetting, would be observed in the auditory domain. Additionally, the role of the prefrontal cortex in this higher-order process was investigated. Here, we utilized the Think/No-Think paradigm to examine the neural correlates of the cognitive control of memory in three studies. First, we compared findings from healthy young adults in two tasks that varied in the number of to-be-remembered and to-be-forgotten repetitions, and found that behavioral and electrophysiological evidence points to similar effects using auditory stimuli, but that it may be more difficult to achieve than the inhibition of visual memories. Second, we extended those findings to older adults, and found that they too showed behavioral and EEG evidence of successful suppression of unwanted auditory memories. Third, we determined that prefrontal cortex plays a causal role in the ability to actively inhibit auditory memories by examining the behavioral and EEG effects of unilateral frontal lesions in a patient cohort. The behavioral evidence for the inhibition of auditory memory and the corresponding electrophysiology is a step toward a more complete picture of how we intentionally suppress unwanted memories.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Psychology; Electroencephalography; Forgetting; Memory; Prefrontal Cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Cano, M. E. (2014). The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3329x67q

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cano, Maya Elizabeth. “The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3329x67q.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cano, Maya Elizabeth. “The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Cano ME. The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3329x67q.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Cano ME. The Behavior and Electrophysiology of Directed Forgetting in the Auditory Domain. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3329x67q

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Tulane University

18. Sawyer, Edward. The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome.

Degree: 2020, Tulane University

URL: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:120452

►

[email protected]

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are commonly characterized by abnormal social behaviors. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited intellectual disability in humans… (more)

▼

[email protected]

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are commonly characterized by abnormal social behaviors. Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common inherited intellectual disability in humans and the most common single-gene cause of ASD symptoms. FXS is caused by the loss or malfunction of the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), an mRNA-binding protein that regulates numerous synaptic proteins, both translationally and through direct protein-protein interactions. One direct-binding target is the large-conductance potassium (BK) channel. BK channels have been shown to be hypoactive in FXS, and represent possible targets for treatment in both general ASD and in FXS specifically. Also, two members of the KCNQ class of voltage-activated potassium channels, KV7.2 and KV7.3, have been identified as FMRP translation targets. Finally, a commonly observed abnormality in the ASD brain is an imbalance in the ratio of excitatory to inhibitory signaling (E/I balance) causing general hyperexcitability in numerous brain areas. One area in which altered E/I balance is often observed is the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is involved with the processing of social information. Therefore, the goal of this dissertation was to determine if stimulating potassium channel function in the mPFC of Fmr1 KO mice would correct abnormal social behavior. In addition, the possible mechanistic determinants and effects on E/I balance were investigated in WT and Fmr1 KO mice. Infusion of the potassium channel activator, BMS-204352, into the mPFC of KO mice had no effect on social approach behavior, but corrected social novelty impairments as measured by a 3-Chamber Test. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings of pyramidal neurons in layer V of the mPFC revealed no differences in mEPSCs between KO and WT mice, but did reveal higher frequency of mIPSCs in KO mice. Treatment with BMS-204352 resulted in a decrease in mEPSC amplitude in both genotypes, which was blocked by the BK channel antagonist, paxilline. Effects of BMS-204352 treatment on mIPSCs revealed two possible populations of cell types. One population of exhibited a decrease in frequency of mIPSCs, an effect seen in both genotypes. The other population exhibited a slight increase in frequency of mIPSCs, but this was seen only in KO cells. Treatment with paxilline caused a decrease in mIPSC frequency in both genotypes, which was not altered with subsequent BMS-204352 treatment. Pretreatment with the KV7 channel antagonist XE 991 prevented BMS-204352-induced cross-genotype decrease in mIPSC frequency, but did not prevent BMS-204352-induced frequency increase in KO cells. Western blot analyses revealed no changes between genotypes in BK channel expression, but a trend to increased KV7.3 expression in the PFC of KOs compared to WTs. With these data, it was concluded that aberrant activity of potassium channels in the mPFC of KOs mediates some of the social abnormalities observed in the phenotype, that KOs may exhibit increased KV7.3 expression as a potential compensatory…

Advisors/Committee Members: Schrader, Laura (Thesis advisor), School of Science & Engineering Neuroscience (Degree granting institution).

Subjects/Keywords: prefrontal cortex; fragile X syndrome; social behavior

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Sawyer, E. (2020). The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome. (Thesis). Tulane University. Retrieved from https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:120452

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sawyer, Edward. “The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome.” 2020. Thesis, Tulane University. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:120452.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sawyer, Edward. “The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome.” 2020. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sawyer E. The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome. [Internet] [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:120452.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Sawyer E. The effects of BMS-204352, an activator of voltage-gated potassium channels, in the infralimbic cortex of the Fmr1 knockout mouse, an animal model of fragile X syndrome. [Thesis]. Tulane University; 2020. Available from: https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:120452

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Georgia

19. Austin, Benjamin Piya. Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia.

Degree: 2014, University of Georgia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26560

► Decreased prefrontal cortex (PFC) function is hypothesized as a key deficit in people with schizophrenia. PFC circuitry supports higher level executive control processes such as… (more)

▼ Decreased prefrontal cortex (PFC) function is hypothesized as a key deficit in people with schizophrenia. PFC circuitry supports higher level executive control processes such as inhibition. A simple test of inhibition is provided by an antisaccade task, which requires a glance to the mirror image of a peripheral cue. People with schizophrenia make more antisaccade errors towards the cue and have lower PFC activity than healthy participants. The extent to which PFC activity may be enhanced to possibly improve executive control in schizophrenia is uncertain. Recent studies from our laboratory showed that in healthy people daily antisaccade practice improves antisaccade performance, while daily prosaccade practice disrupts antisaccade performance. These behavioral changes are accompanied by quantifiable changes in brain activation. The current study was designed to determine whether neural pathways supporting antisaccade performance in schizophrenia are modified across time. People with schizophrenia (SZ) and normal comparison subjects (NP) took part in a 2-week trial. Testing evaluated anti- and pro-saccade performance in a 3-Tesla fMRI environment at 3 time points, each separated by a week; 1) Pre-Test, 2) Mid-Test, and 3) Post-Test. Subjects were assigned to a practice group (either antisaccades or prosaccades) and between fMRI testing sessions completed daily practice sessions on the assigned task. In order to determine if improved executive functioning processes could be generalized beyond the practice task, other measures of executive function were evaluated before and after the practice trial using both saccade (ocular motor delayed response task – ODRT) and non-saccade tasks (the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test - WCST). The behavioral results showed that both the SZ and NP prosaccade practice groups demonstrated similar behavioral performance patterns across time (decreased latencies and sustained performance) while the SZ and NP antisaccade practice groups demonstrated incongruent patterns (the SZ group showed a trend for improved antisaccade performance with speed-accuracy tradeoffs while the NP group did not). The imaging results across groups illustrated typical saccadic circuitry in regions known to support antisaccade performance, and all groups demonstrated a trend for decreased PFC across time. Within the schizophrenia group, however, there was a small subset of participants who showed increased PFC activity from pre-test to post-test, and this reversal of hypofrontality was correlated with improved performance on various WCST measurements including, most notably, a decrease in rate of perseverative errors.

Subjects/Keywords: Schizophrenia; Plasticity; fMRI; Saccades; Practice; Prefrontal Cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Austin, B. P. (2014). Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia. (Thesis). University of Georgia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26560

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Austin, Benjamin Piya. “Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia.” 2014. Thesis, University of Georgia. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26560.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Austin, Benjamin Piya. “Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Austin BP. Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26560.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Austin BP. Practice-induced changes in neural circuitries supporting saccade performance in schizophrenia. [Thesis]. University of Georgia; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10724/26560

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

20. Tu, Gaqi. Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning.

Degree: 2018, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91689

►

Basal forebrain (BF) cholinergic neurons constitute a main neuromodulatory system in the brain and densely innervate to neocortex and hippocampus. Traditionally, acetylcholine (ACh) released from… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: basal forebrain; medial prefrontal cortex; memory; 0621

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Tu, G. (2018). Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning. (Masters Thesis). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91689

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tu, Gaqi. “Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Toronto. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91689.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tu, Gaqi. “Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tu G. Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91689.

Council of Science Editors:

Tu G. Basal Forebrain Transient Cholinergic Signal in Prefrontal Cortex and its Role in Associative Learning. [Masters Thesis]. University of Toronto; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/91689

Boston College

21. Worley, Nicholas B. Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience.

Degree: PhD, Psychology, 2019, Boston College

URL: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108656

► Stress is a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, yet not all individuals who are exposed to stress develop… (more)

▼ Stress is a risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, yet not all individuals who are exposed to stress develop such disorders. Several factors influence susceptibility versus resilience to the effects of stress, including coping strategy biological sex. A growing body of research in humans has demonstrated that active coping strategies – defined as using available resources to problem solve – are positively correlated with resilience. In rodents, resilience to a potent acute stressor can be achieved through active coping, such as controlling the termination of a stressor, but only in males. During controllable stress males engage a stress mitigating pathway between the prelimbic (PL) and dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), but this pathway isn’t engaged by control in females or when stress is uncontrollable in both sexes. Thus, neural activity within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) is a critical determinant of stressor-induced anxiety. The mechanism that engage vmPFC excitability are not well understood. Therefore, the goals of the dissertation were 1) determine if eCBs in the PL promote neuronal excitability and behavioral resilience 2) test if ES and IS result in differential activation PL afferents, and will specifically test if ES results in greater activation PL-inputs from action-outcome associated regions, while IS leads to greater engagement of stress/fear inputs to the PL, and 3) identify network-wide patterns of activation and test the hypothesis that the stress and action-outcome networks are differentially activated as a function of stressor controllability and/or sex. We’ve demonstrated that augmenting eCBs in the PL increased excitability through a CB1 and GABA receptor dependent mechanism and was sufficient to block the stress induced decrease in social exploration. Regarding goal 2, PL inputs from the orbitofrontal cortex and DRN were activated in response to stress per se, but were not sensitive to stressor controllability and did not differ between males and females. PL afferents from the basolateral amygdala and mediodorsally thalamus were not sensitive to stress. Lastly, we quantified Fos expression in response to controllable and uncontrollable stress in male and female rats in 24 brain regions associated with stress, action-outcome learning, and showing sex differences in response to stress. Using interregional correlations, we found differences in functional connectivity as a function of stressor controllability and sex when considering all 24 regions and when considering only stress associated regions. Females showed greater overall functional connectivity compared with males, and IS resulted in greater overall connectivity than ES. We also reveal potentially important nodes in functional connectivity networks using centrality measures to identify network hubs. The findings of this research emphasize the need to study differences between males and females across all realms of neuroscience, particularly in relation to disorders of… Advisors/Committee Members: John P. Christianson (Thesis advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: endocannabinoids; prefrontal cortex; resilience; sex differences; stress

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Worley, N. B. (2019). Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston College. Retrieved from http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108656

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Worley, Nicholas B. “Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston College. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108656.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Worley, Nicholas B. “Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Worley NB. Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston College; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108656.

Council of Science Editors:

Worley NB. Prefrontal Circuit Selection in Stress and Resilience. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston College; 2019. Available from: http://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:108656

Harvard University

22. Chang, Celene Hyunju. The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep.

Degree: PhD, Neuroscience, 2013, Harvard University

URL: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11110430

► Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The etiology of the disease is unknown, and how antidepressant… (more)

▼ Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating disorder affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. The etiology of the disease is unknown, and how antidepressant medications reverse depression is unclear. However, imaging and postmortem studies of MDD patients show abnormalities in several limbic areas of the brain, including the prefrontal cortex. The involvement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) in depression has been particularly intriguing, for this region demonstrates reduced metabolic activity in remission, and this reduction is unique to treatment responders. In addition, deep brain stimulation targeting the subgenual cingulate cortex in the vmPFC has been shown to be effective in treating 'treatment-resistant' patients. Furthermore, neuroanatomical studies have shown that this region projects to many downstream limbic areas implicated to play roles in MDD. I therefore hypothesized that 1) the vmPFC may be an important target of antidepressant drugs, and that 2) this region may play a role in the generation of depression-associated behaviors. To test the first hypothesis, I administered desipramine (DMI), a tricyclic antidepressant, to rats. I found that the rat vmPFC was significantly activated by DMI, whereas the dorsomedial PFC (dmPFC) was not. I also found that the drug increases neuronal activity in the nucleus accumbens, but this activation was dependent on the integrity of the vmPFC. To test the second hypothesis, I induced neuronal lesions in the rat dmPFC or vmPFC and subjected the animals to behavioral tests. I found that while lesions in both areas led to increased REM sleep, only vmPFC-lesioned animals had reduced REM latency, increased sleep fragmentation and increased forced swim test immobility. Together, these results demonstrate that the vmPFC may be an important region for both antidepressant action and the generation of depression-like behaviors. Advisors/Committee Members: Saper, Clifford B. (advisor), Lee, Chih-Hao (committee member), Mitchell, James (committee member), Hu, Frank (committee member), McCarley, Robert (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; depression; desipramine; sleep; ventromedial prefrontal cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Chang, C. H. (2013). The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep. (Doctoral Dissertation). Harvard University. Retrieved from http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11110430

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chang, Celene Hyunju. “The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Harvard University. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11110430.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chang, Celene Hyunju. “The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep.” 2013. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Chang CH. The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11110430.

Council of Science Editors:

Chang CH. The Rat Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in the Neural Circuitries of Depression and Sleep. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Harvard University; 2013. Available from: http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11110430

University of Vermont

23. Page, Matias V. Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus.

Degree: Neurological Sciences, 2016, University of Vermont

URL: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/204

► The active place avoidance task is a dynamic spatial cognition task that has been used to study spatial memory impairment in animal models of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: spatial cognition; hippocampus; prefrontal cortex; febrile seizures

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Page, M. V. (2016). Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus. (Thesis). University of Vermont. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/204

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Page, Matias V. “Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus.” 2016. Thesis, University of Vermont. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/204.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Page, Matias V. “Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus.” 2016. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Page MV. Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/204.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Page MV. Spatial cognition during the active avoidance task: The role of the prefrontal cortex and preempting impairment following febrile status epilepticus. [Thesis]. University of Vermont; 2016. Available from: https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/hcoltheses/204

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – San Diego

24. Steiner, Noah. Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats.

Degree: Biology, 2018, University of California – San Diego

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5xw9h1v8

► Chronic intermittent ethanol vapor exposure (CIE) produces dependence, alters the structure of pyramidal neurons, and decreases oligodendroglial progenitors in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Addiction; CIE; Ethanol; prefrontal cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Steiner, N. (2018). Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats. (Thesis). University of California – San Diego. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5xw9h1v8

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Steiner, Noah. “Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats.” 2018. Thesis, University of California – San Diego. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5xw9h1v8.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Steiner, Noah. “Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats.” 2018. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Steiner N. Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5xw9h1v8.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Steiner N. Neuroadaptations in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) predict memory deficits dependent on the mPFC in alcohol dependent rats. [Thesis]. University of California – San Diego; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5xw9h1v8

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Farooqui, Ausaf Ahmed. Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Cambridge

URL: http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243944https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/3/license_url ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/4/license_text ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/5/license_rdf ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/8/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/6/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/9/thesis_revised.pdf.jpg

► This dissertation investigates the fronto-parietal representation of the structure of organised mental episodes by studying its effect on the representation of cognitive events occurring at… (more)

▼ This dissertation investigates the fronto-parietal representation of the structure of organised mental episodes by studying its effect on the representation of cognitive events occurring at various positions within it. The experiments in chapter 2 look at the completion of hierarchically organized mental (task/subtask) episodes. Multiple identical target-detection events were organized into a sequential task episode, and the individual events were connected in a means-to-end relationship. It is shown that events that are conceptualized as completing defined task episodes elicit greater activity compared to identical events lying within the episode; the magnitude of the end of episode activity depended on the hierarchical abstraction of the episode. In chapter 3, the effect of ordinal position of the cognitive events, making up the task episode, on their representation is investigated in the context of a biphasic task episode. The design further manipulated the cognitive load of the two phases independently. This allowed for a direct comparison of the effect of phase vis-à-vis the effect of cognitive load. The results showed that fronto-parietal regions that increased their activity in response to cognitive load, also increased their activity for the later phases of the task episode, even though the cognitive load associated with the later phase was, arguably, lower than the previous phase. Chapter 4 investigates if the characteristics of the higher-level representations, like organization of task descriptions, have a causal role in determining the structure of the ensuing mental episode. Results show this to be true. They also confirm the results of earlier chapters in a different framework. Chapter 5 shows that the effect of episode structure is not limited to the elicited activity, but also affects the information content of the representation of the events composing the episode. Specifically, the information content in many regions of later steps is higher than that of earlier steps. Together, the results show widespread representation of the structure of organised mental episodes.

Subjects/Keywords: Cognitive control; Prefrontal cortex; Sequential behaviour; Hierarchy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Farooqui, A. A. (2012). Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243944https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/3/license_url ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/4/license_text ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/5/license_rdf ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/8/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/6/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/9/thesis_revised.pdf.jpg

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Farooqui, Ausaf Ahmed. “Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243944https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/3/license_url ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/4/license_text ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/5/license_rdf ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/8/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/6/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/9/thesis_revised.pdf.jpg.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Farooqui, Ausaf Ahmed. “Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour.” 2012. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Farooqui AA. Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243944https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/3/license_url ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/4/license_text ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/5/license_rdf ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/8/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/6/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/9/thesis_revised.pdf.jpg.

Council of Science Editors:

Farooqui AA. Fronto-parietal cortex in sequential behaviour. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2012. Available from: http://www.dspace.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243944https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/3/license_url ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/4/license_text ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/5/license_rdf ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/8/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/6/thesis_revised.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/243944/9/thesis_revised.pdf.jpg

26. Loonis, Roman. Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences.

Degree: PhD, Anatomy & Neurobiology, 2019, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26506

► Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical to behavioral flexibility and, hence, the top-down control over bottom-up sensory information. The mechanisms underlying this capacity have been hypothesized… (more)

▼ Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical to behavioral flexibility and, hence, the top-down control over bottom-up sensory information. The mechanisms underlying this capacity have been hypothesized to involve the propagation of alpha/beta (8-30 Hz) oscillations via feedback connections to sensory regions. In contrast, gamma (30-160 Hz) oscillations are thought to arise as a function of bottom-up, feedforward stimulation. To test the hypothesis that such oscillatory phenomena embody such functional roles, we assessed the performance of nine monkeys on tasks of learning, categorization, and working memory concurrent with recording of local field potentials (LFPs) from PFC. The first set of tasks consisted of two classes of learning: one, explicit and, another, implicit. Explicit learning is a conscious process that demands top-down control, and in these tasks alpha/beta oscillations tracked learning. In contrast, implicit learning is an unconscious process that is automatic (i.e. bottom up), and in this task alpha/beta oscillations did not track learning. We next looked at dot-pattern categorization. In this task, category exemplars were generated by jittering the dot locations of a prototype. By chance, some of these exemplars were similar to the prototype (low distortion), and others were not (high distortion). Behaviorally, the monkeys performed well on both distortion levels. However, alpha/beta band oscillations carried more category information at high distortions, while gamma-band category information was greatest on low distortions. Overall, the greater the need for top-down control (i.e. high distortion), the greater the beta, and the lesser the need (i.e. low distortion), the greater the gamma. Finally, laminar electrodes were used to record from animals trained on working memory tasks. Each laminar probe was lowered so that its set of contacts sampled all cortical layers. During these tasks, gamma oscillations peaked in superficial layers, while alpha/beta peaked in deep layers. Moreover, these deep-layer alpha/beta oscillations entrained superficial alpha/beta, and modulated the amplitude of superficial-layer gamma oscillations. These laminar distinctions are consistent with anatomy: feedback neurons originate in deep layers and feedforward neurons in superficial layers. In summary, alpha/beta oscillations reflect top-down control and feedback connectivity, while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up processes and feedforward connectivity.

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Beta; Gamma; Learning; Oscillations; Prefrontal cortex

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Loonis, R. (2019). Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences. (Doctoral Dissertation). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26506

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Loonis, Roman. “Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, Boston University. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26506.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Loonis, Roman. “Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Loonis R. Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26506.

Council of Science Editors:

Loonis R. Beta oscillations underlie top-down, feedback control while gamma oscillations reflect bottom-up, feedforward influences. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Boston University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/26506

Boston University

27. Onochie, Ifeanyirochukwu. Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys.

Degree: MS, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, 2017, Boston University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27066

► The hippocampal to medial prefrontal cortex (HPC-mPFC) pathway has a role in mnemonic processing. A key function of the hippocampus (HPC) is to organize contextual… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Hippocampus; Medial prefrontal cortex; Monkeys; Rhesus

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Onochie, I. (2017). Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys. (Masters Thesis). Boston University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27066

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Onochie, Ifeanyirochukwu. “Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys.” 2017. Masters Thesis, Boston University. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27066.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Onochie, Ifeanyirochukwu. “Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Onochie I. Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Boston University; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27066.

Council of Science Editors:

Onochie I. Pre-synaptic and post-synaptic pathways from the hippocampus to medial prefrontal cortex in Rhesus monkeys. [Masters Thesis]. Boston University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/27066

University of California – San Francisco

28. Gee, Steven. Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation.

Degree: Neuroscience, 2014, University of California – San Francisco

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7190v15m

► The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is comprised of a network of excitatory and inhibitory neurons that are critical for a number of cognitive processes including the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Neurosciences; Dopamine; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Neuron

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APA (6^th Edition):

Gee, S. (2014). Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation. (Thesis). University of California – San Francisco. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7190v15m

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gee, Steven. “Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation.” 2014. Thesis, University of California – San Francisco. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7190v15m.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gee, Steven. “Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation.” 2014. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Gee S. Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – San Francisco; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7190v15m.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Gee S. Dissection of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Circuitry and its Dopaminergic Modulation. [Thesis]. University of California – San Francisco; 2014. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7190v15m

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Chicago

29. Jacobs-Brichford, Eliza. Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood.

Degree: 2017, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22064

► Adolescence is characterized by increases in risk-taking across a range of behaviors, including experimentation with alcohol and illicit drugs. Cannabis is the most widely used… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: adolescence; cannabis; prefrontal cortex; decision-making

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jacobs-Brichford, E. (2017). Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22064

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jacobs-Brichford, Eliza. “Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood.” 2017. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed March 04, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22064.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jacobs-Brichford, Eliza. “Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood.” 2017. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jacobs-Brichford E. Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22064.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jacobs-Brichford E. Effects of Chronic Adolescent Cannabinoid Exposure on Decision-Making Under Uncertainty in Adulthood. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/22064

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Iowa State University

30. Ladwig, Matthew A. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription.

Degree: 2019, Iowa State University

URL: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17492

► Preliminary evidence suggests that children may report decreasing pleasure throughout incremental exercise tests. This pattern of affective responses might be related to the deviation of… (more)

▼ Preliminary evidence suggests that children may report decreasing pleasure throughout incremental exercise tests. This pattern of affective responses might be related to the deviation of incremental and prolonged patterns of exercise from the innate propensity of children for intermittent movement. Furthermore, the self-regulation of affective responses during exercise may require cognitive strategies underpinned by cortical networks still under development during childhood. Consequently, the purpose of this study was to examine (1) whether dorsolateral prefrontal cortical (dlPFC) activity is associated with affective responses during an incremental cycling exercise test, and (2) whether theoretically relevant covariates moderate affective responses and dlPFC activation during exercise. Secondary outcomes of interest included (3) whether affective responses, dlPFC activation, and time spent exercising at intensities above ventilatory threshold (VT) are associated with lower postexercise scores on the inhibition component of executive function as assessed by a pediatric adaptation of the Eriksen Flanker Task. Fifty-six healthy girls (n = 27) and boys (n = 29) aged 7-9 years participated in the study. There was a positive association between left dlPFC activity and affective responses above VT to the end of exercise, whereby dlPFC activity declined concurrently with affective responses. Age and body mass index (BMI) moderated the slopes of change in right dlPFC activity below VT, while age moderated the slope of affective responses and BMI moderated the slope of left dlPFC activity below VT. There were no moderators of affective responses or dlPFC activity from VT to the end of exercise. These results suggest that children experience declines in pleasure that accelerate during incremental exercise and that these declines may reflect unsuccessful prefrontally mediated efforts to self-regulate affect. Children may not yet be able to effectively self-regulate affective responses during exercise without additional biological maturation and/or deliberate practice.

Subjects/Keywords: Affect; Exercise; Hemodynamics; Pediatrics; Prefrontal cortex; Kinesiology

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ladwig, M. A. (2019). Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription. (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17492

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ladwig, Matthew A. “Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription.” 2019. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed March 04, 2021. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17492.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ladwig, Matthew A. “Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription.” 2019. Web. 04 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ladwig MA. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 04]. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17492.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ladwig MA. Dorsolateral prefrontal cortical hemodynamics, cognitive inhibition, and affective responses to exercise among children: Implications for pediatric exercise prescription. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2019. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/17492

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Open Access Theses and Dissertations