Open Access Theses and Dissertations

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University of Edinburgh

1. Sugden, Fraser. Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai.

Degree: PhD, 2010, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4357 

Nepal occupies a unique global position as a peripheral social formation subject to decades of relative isolation from capitalism. Although the agrarian sector has long been understood to be dominated by pre-capitalist economic formations, it is important to examine whether contemporary changes underway in the country are transforming the rural economy. There has been an expansion of capitalist markets following economic liberalization and improvements in the transport infrastructure. Furthermore, neo-liberal commercialisation initiatives such as the Agriculture Perspective Plan provide the ideological justification and pre-conditions for the broader process of capitalist expansion, despite the pro-poor rhetoric. However, just as neo-liberal poverty alleviation strategy is flawed, there are also shortcomings in many Marxian understandings of the transition from pre-capitalist to capitalist agriculture in peripheral social formations. There is a tendency for political-economic theorists to assume the inevitable ‘dominance’ of capitalism, contradicting considerable evidence to the contrary from throughout the world. The central objective of this thesis is to understand how pre-capitalist economic formations have been able to ‘resist’ capitalist expansion in rural Nepal. There is a necessity to understand the mechanisms through which older ‘modes of production’ are reproduced, their articulations with other economic formations – including capitalism – and how they are situated globally. As a case study, one year’s fieldwork was completed on Nepal’s eastern Terai using both qualitative and quantitative methods. The research suggested that surplus appropriation through rent in a mode of production which can only be described as ‘semi-feudal’, has for a majority of farming households impeded accumulation and profitable commercialisation, a precondition for the emergence of capitalist relations. Semi-feudalism has been reproduced for decades internally by the political control over land and externally by Nepal’s subordinate position in the global economy. The latter process has constrained industrialization and rendered much of the peasantry dependent upon landlords who have no incentive to lower rents. The economic insecurity which has arisen in the context of semi-feudal production relations has allowed further forms of surplus appropriation in the sphere of circulation to flourish, through for example, interest on loans and price manipulation on commodity sales. This further hinders profitable commercialisation amongst both semi-feudal tenants and also owner cultivators who farm under what can be termed an ‘independent peasant’ mode of production. Even wealthier independent peasant producers who could potentially become capitalist farmers are constrained both by high cultural capital expenses, oligoposnistic activity by industry in the capitalist grain markets, and Indian rice imports which depress local prices. Furthermore, development initiatives which could potentially facilitate capitalist transition through the…

Subjects/Keywords: 330.9; pre-capitalism; Nepal; rural economy; neo-liberal commercialisation

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6th Edition):

Sugden, F. (2010). Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4357

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Sugden, Fraser. “Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed December 11, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4357.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Sugden, Fraser. “Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai.” 2010. Web. 11 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Sugden F. Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. [cited 2019 Dec 11]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4357.

Council of Science Editors:

Sugden F. Agrarian change and pre-capitalist reproduction on the Nepal Terai. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2010. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4357


Punjabi University

2. Kaur, Amandeep. British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis.

Degree: 2012, Punjabi University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3533 

In this study we evaluated and examined writings of British writers-cumadministrators in order to understand their perception and objectives. We critically examined these writings in the light of recent studies in order to have better understanding of colonial Punjab. The areas covered in study include domain of economic, social, cultural and religious spheres which are recognized as equally vital elements of this historical process. The present theme has been chosen for analysis because not much work has been done earlier. Further, whatever work is available in the form article required re-interpretation and critical evaluation of both the sources as well as perception of the scholars. With the annexation of Punjab in 1849 there arose political necessity to know and understand culture of the ruled population. The early British administrator did codification of this information and their major emphasizes though remained on precolonial political development. Yet they showed interest in different areas of economy. This happened because after capturing the power in Punjab, the Britishers had to face the ground reality in the form of different kinds of opposition. It compelled them to engage themselves on the above economic indicators. Though empirical structure in Punjab preferred to survive with the pre-British economic organization of population both in rural and urban areas, yet the British interest and the very nature of colonialism introduced certain significant changes in the field of economic system which favored the British Empire. This phenomon played havoc in the lives of people of Punjab who came in to debt and were forced to live in such situations. These writers emphasized beneficial aspects of these developments and attempted to convince the readers about the comparative prosperity provided by the order and peace establish under the British rule. They blamed the illiteracy and certain other inherent limitation in the culture of Punjab for under development in economy of Punjab. The failure of these writers to reflect on the future socio-political ramifications of the British economic policies of Punjab resulted in partition of India in 1947 because they failed to check a dominant under current of the demand for separate country by the alleged victimized groups.

Bibliography includes

Advisors/Committee Members: Singh, Navtej.

Subjects/Keywords: Capitalism; Imperialism; Perspective; Cultural Hegemony; Bureaucracy; Ramifications; Pre-Conceived

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6th Edition):

Kaur, A. (2012). British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis. (Thesis). Punjabi University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3533

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Kaur, Amandeep. “British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis.” 2012. Thesis, Punjabi University. Accessed December 11, 2019. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3533.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Kaur, Amandeep. “British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis.” 2012. Web. 11 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Kaur A. British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Punjabi University; 2012. [cited 2019 Dec 11]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3533.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Kaur A. British writings on Punjab Economy (1849-1947): historical analysis. [Thesis]. Punjabi University; 2012. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/3533

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation


NSYSU

3. Wang, Yuan-Chia. Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis.

Degree: PhD, Interdisciplinary Studies, 2000, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0710100-165710 

ABSTRACT During Dutch Colonial domination, one of the most controversial themes was that why the Indonesian society had failed to generate an indigenous bourgeoisie. Since the post-colonial era, most developing countries are facing three dilemmas: the state building, the formation of social classes, the capital accumulation. For the methodology, the dissertation both takes aâstate-centerâview and tries to apply an approach to explore the formation of Bureaucratic Capitalist during Suharto time with a view of historical-structure from the concept of state, class and capital. Furthermore, the studies will focus on three fields. First, why over 350 years, the mercantile policy of the colonial regime had failed to penetrate into the whole Indonesia shaping an indigenous bourgeoisie. Secondly, from 1950 to 1965, President Sukarno had taken the state-capitalism as a developmental strategy why Indonesian society still had not found indigenous bourgeoisie strong enough to take responsibility of leading capitalist revolution. Thirdly, after 1965, in the power of Suharto, the state has played a decisive role in the shaping the development of big entrepreneurs in the post-colonial Indonesia. In addition, the studies will review and provide a critical analysis of the works of Indonesia Studies in the West, and continues to dialogue with the contemporary academician in the field. Key Words: Agricultural Involution, Asian Mode of Production, Pre-capitalism, Dual Economy, Articulation Theory, State Apparatus, Capital Accumulation, Commercialization, Bureaucratic-Capitalist Class Advisors/Committee Members: none (committee member), none (chair), none (chair), none (chair), none (committee member), none (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: CommercializationBureaucratic-Capitalist Class; Dual Economy; Agricultural Involution; Capital Accumulation; Asian Mode of Production; Pre-capitalism; State Apparatus; Articulation Theory

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6th Edition):

Wang, Y. (2000). Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis. (Doctoral Dissertation). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0710100-165710

Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):

Wang, Yuan-Chia. “Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis.” 2000. Doctoral Dissertation, NSYSU. Accessed December 11, 2019. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0710100-165710.

MLA Handbook (7th Edition):

Wang, Yuan-Chia. “Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis.” 2000. Web. 11 Dec 2019.

Vancouver:

Wang Y. Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. NSYSU; 2000. [cited 2019 Dec 11]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0710100-165710.

Council of Science Editors:

Wang Y. Indonesiaâs Bureaucratic Capitalism during Suharto Time: A Political-Economy Analysis. [Doctoral Dissertation]. NSYSU; 2000. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0710100-165710

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