subject:(Powder metallurgy)

Ryerson University

1. Jafar-Salehi, Elham. Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components.

Degree: 2010, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1731

► The main objective of this research was to study the relationship between green density and compaction pressure in powdered metallurgy. Powder metallurgy has gained popularity… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jafar-Salehi, E. (2010). Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1731

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jafar-Salehi, Elham. “Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components.” 2010. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed March 01, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1731.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jafar-Salehi, Elham. “Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components.” 2010. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Jafar-Salehi E. Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2010. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1731.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jafar-Salehi E. Compaction density variation in powder metallurgy components. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2010. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1731

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Dalhousie University

2. Selig, Stanley. Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy.

Degree: Master of Applied Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14615

► A new finite element model was developed to predict the density distribution in an Alumix 321 powder metallurgy compact. The model can predict the density… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Finite element simulation; Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Selig, S. (2012). Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14615

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Selig, Stanley. “Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14615.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Selig, Stanley. “Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Selig S. Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14615.

Council of Science Editors:

Selig S. Finite Element Simulation of the Compaction and Springback of an Aluminum Powder Metallurgy Alloy. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14615

Dalhousie University

3. Murray, Donald Clark. On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy.

Degree: Master of Applied Science, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, 2012, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15246

► Nickel-based Superalloys are widely used in the steam turbine power generation and aerospace industries. They possess the desirable qualities of high-temperature strength, oxidation and corrosion… (more)

▼ Nickel-based Superalloys are widely used in the steam turbine power generation and aerospace industries. They possess the desirable qualities of high-temperature strength, oxidation and corrosion resistance and can operate in some of the highest temperature ranges of the structural metals. The oxidation resistance of a Superalloy is achieved primarily through the formation of a dense alumina and/or chromia oxide layer(s) including spinels. This resistance has been further improved in wrought and cast alloys through the addition of reactive elements such as silicon, yttrium and lanthanum, although the exact effects of these elements have not been well defined. This project concentrated on a powder metallurgy ternary master alloy consisting of Ni-12Cr-9Fe (w/o) with additions of 6w/o aluminum, 0.5w/o Si, and 0.1w/o Y, in various combinations. Specifically, the primary goal was to produce and characterize a PM manufactured nickel-based Superalloy with minor additions of reactive elements and to assess the effectiveness of the Si and/or Y in improving the oxidation resistance. JMatPro modeling software was first used to help determine temperatures at which various events would occur in the alloys such as solutionizing and liquation temperatures. Subsequently green compacts were produced by a press (uni-axially) and sinter route to create transverse rupture strength bars (TRS bars). These bars were then thermomechanically deformed using a Gleeble tester to reduce porosity followed by a heat treatment to restore a microstructure better suited for high temperature oxidation. Sectioned TRS bars were then oxidized (static) 900?C in air for times up to 1000h and the influence of the Si/Y additions on oxidation resistance was determined via a combination of weight gain data and microstructural examination. Whereas JMatPro predicted solutionizing temperature of the compositions studied (1010°C quaternary; 1020°C quaternary + Si, respectively) these values were slightly lower than the results observed through DSC experiments (1045°C quaternary; 1065°C quaternary + Si, respectively). A w/o ?’ of approximately 25% was predicted by the modeling tool, but values of 58.3% to 61.7% were determined using a point count method. Finally, the addition of 0.5w/o Si to the quaternary Ni-Cr-Fe-Al PM system provided a measureable improvement in the oxidation resistance both in terms of thickness of oxide layer and in overall weight gain. Conversely, 0.1w/o Y provided little benefit, and was shown to be detrimental to alloys not containing Si. Advisors/Committee Members: Dr. S. Corbin (external-examiner), Dr. M. J. Pegg (graduate-coordinator), Dr. S. Corbin (thesis-reader), Dr. N. L. Richards, Dr. W. F. Caley, Dr. G. J. Kipouros (thesis-supervisor), Not Applicable (ethics-approval), Not Applicable (manuscripts), Yes (copyright-release).

Subjects/Keywords: Superalloys; Powder Metallurgy; Oxidation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Murray, D. C. (2012). On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15246

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Murray, Donald Clark. “On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15246.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Murray, Donald Clark. “On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Murray DC. On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15246.

Council of Science Editors:

Murray DC. On Improving The Oxidation Resistance Of A Nickel-Based Superalloy Produced By Powder Metallurgy. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15246

University of Waikato

4. Alshammari, Yousef Namlan. Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling .

Degree: 2017, University of Waikato

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/12052

► Biofouling is the settlement and accumulation of microorganisms on the surface of a material submerged in sea water, and most of the time is an… (more)

▼ Biofouling is the settlement and accumulation of microorganisms on the surface of a material submerged in sea water, and most of the time is an unwanted phenomenon and constitutes a financial burden. Titanium is a lightweight high strength metal characterised by good corrosion resistance, better than stainless steel, and would be the ideal material to be used in marine applications. However, biofouling would still happen in structures made out of titanium. The aim of this study is to gain understanding of the biofouling process to be able to design Ti-based materials with the potential to prevent, or conversely enhance, biofouling, as both scenarios could have relevant industrial applications. In particular, it was planned to manufacture the Ti-based materials via powder metallurgy to take advantage of the intrinsic benefits of these techniques which include the freedom of designing new alloys, without the limits imposed by binary phase diagrams. From literature, it was found that Cu and Mn could have respectively, the ability to reduce or promote biofouling. Therefore, various binary Ti-xCu and Ti-yMn compositions, where x = 0.5%, 2.5%, 5%, and y = 1%, 5%, 10%, were targeted and successfully manufactured via the conventional powder metallurgy route of cold uniaxial pressing plus vacuum sintering, obtaining fully homogeneous materials. It is well known that residual porosity is still present in sintered Ti-based materials, and for that the binary Ti-xCu and Ti-yMn alloys were also a thermomechanical process via forging. This hot deformation process should reduce the amount of residual porosity, but it can also be used to tailor the microstructure, and thus the mechanical behaviour, which is paramount for many industrial applications. Along this line, it was decided to investigate the effect of the forging temperature (i.e. of the starting microfeatures) and thus forging from the β and within the α+β region was considered. From the characterisation performed, the Ti-5Cu and Ti-5Mn alloys were chosen as the most promising alloys for the investigation of the antifouling and biofouling capability of the binary Ti-xCu and Ti-yMn alloys developed Advisors/Committee Members: Bolzoni, Leandro (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Titanium; Powder metallurgy; antifouling; biofouling

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APA (6^th Edition):

Alshammari, Y. N. (2017). Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling . (Masters Thesis). University of Waikato. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10289/12052

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Alshammari, Yousef Namlan. “Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling .” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Waikato. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/12052.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Alshammari, Yousef Namlan. “Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling .” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Alshammari YN. Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Waikato; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/12052.

Council of Science Editors:

Alshammari YN. Production and characterization of titanium based alloys with potential for antifouling and biofouling . [Masters Thesis]. University of Waikato; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10289/12052

University of New South Wales

5. Hayazi, Nur Farhana. Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes.

Degree: Materials Science & Engineering, 2013, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53483 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12178/SOURCE02?view=true

► TiH2 powder has been trialled as an alternative to Ti-powder to fabricate titanium-based products. To enhance the utilization of TiH2 powder, further understanding of the… (more)

▼ TiH2 powder has been trialled as an alternative to Ti-powder to fabricate titanium-based products. To enhance the utilization of TiH2 powder, further understanding of the dehydrogenation mechanism of TiH2, the effect of hydrogen on dehydrogenated and equal channel angular pressed (ECAP) samples and on the fabrication of titanium matrix composites (TMC) is critical.This research work analysed the phase transformation steps of TiH2 to Ti using high-temperature X-Ray Diffraction with the dehydrogenation step occurring under both isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Crystallographic data was obtained through Rietveld analysis. Results showed that, with increasing temperature expansion occurred, which was negated by the phase transformations due to dehydrogenation. The sequence of TiH2 phase transformations were: delta−>delta’−>beta−>beta’−>alpha−>alpha’-phase. Further confirmation of the mechanistic steps was obtained through thermogravimetric analysis, transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction studies. The dehydrogenation reaction of compacted TiH2 powder was investigated in terms of four parameters, namely, heating rates, compaction pressures, temperatures and times, in order to optimize the dehydrogenation process. The hydrogen loss and bulk density decreased with increasing heating rate while the density and hardness improved with the increasing in temperature and time. TMCs were fabricated using TiH2 powder containing SiC or TiB2 as the reinforcement. In samples with SiC, when the sintering temperature was increased, the density, hardness and the reaction layer (TixSiyCz layer) were found to increase. However, the density and hardness decreased when TiB2 powder content increased. Hardness values were affected by the H2 content in the matrix and the reinforcement.Back-pressure ECAP on sintered TiH2 samples was carried out at 590°C using route C, where the sample is rotated 180° with focus on the hydrogen effect. Density of the ECAP samples reduced when the hydrogen content was increased. The presence of hydrogen improved the hardness and tensile strength, but the ductility was lowered. Dehydrogenation is very crucial step for TiH2 powder because of the phase transition from delta−>beta−>alpha-titanium, which is a critical step in the fabrication of TMC and titanium alloys from TiH2 powder. Advisors/Committee Members: Chan, Sammy, Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy; Titanium; Titanium hydride

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hayazi, N. F. (2013). Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53483 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12178/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hayazi, Nur Farhana. “Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53483 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12178/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hayazi, Nur Farhana. “Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes.” 2013. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Hayazi NF. Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2013. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53483 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12178/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Hayazi NF. Dehydrogenation and consolidation of titanium hydride powder using powder metallurgy routes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2013. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/53483 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:12178/SOURCE02?view=true

University of British Columbia

6. Rao, A. Sadananda. Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution.

Degree: Master of Applied Science - MASc, Metals and Materials Engineering, 1971, University of British Columbia

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34361

► The contribution of plastic flow to overall densification of a powder compact during hot-pressing has been analysed. The basis of this analysis is the incorporation… (more)

▼ The contribution of plastic flow to overall densification of a powder compact during hot-pressing has been analysed. The basis of this analysis is the incorporation of hot-working characteristics of materials at elevated temperatures into an equation applicable to hot-pressing conditions. The empirical equation relating steady state strain rate to stress is ἐ = Aσn and for the densification of a powder compact, the strain rate [formula omitted] The particles are assumed to be spheres and four different packing geometric configurations: cubic, orthorhombic, rhombic dodecahedron and b.c.c. are considered. Taking into consideration the effective stress acting at the points of contact, the equations for the strain rate can be combined and arranged into another equation which is shown below:[formula omitted] where α₁ and ϐ are geometric constants and can be calculated from the packing geometry. 'A' and 'n' are material constants. D is the relative density of the compact, and ‘R’ is the radius of sphere at any stage of deformation in arbitrary units. Computerized plots of D vs t were obtained for lead-2% antimony, nickel and alumina. Experimental verification of these plots was carried out using hot-pressing data for lead-2% antimony, nickel and alumina spheres. The hot-compaction experiments were carried out over a range of temperatures for each material and under different pressures. The experimental data fitted well with the theoretical prediction for the orthorhombic model. However, a deviation at the initial stage of compaction was encountered in most cases. This deviation was explained on the basis of the contribution to densification by particle movement or rearrangement at the initial stage, which could not be taken into account in the theoretical derivation. The stress concentration factor i.e., the effective stress acting at necks between particles has been calculated. This was found to be very much higher than that previously used by other workers. The theoretical equation for the effective stress is [formula omitted]. This equation predicts an effective stress, which is more than an order of magnitude higher than that predicted by several empirical equations used previously.

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Rao, A. S. (1971). Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution. (Masters Thesis). University of British Columbia. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34361

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Rao, A Sadananda. “Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution.” 1971. Masters Thesis, University of British Columbia. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34361.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Rao, A Sadananda. “Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution.” 1971. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Rao AS. Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34361.

Council of Science Editors:

Rao AS. Theories of hot-pressing : plastic flow contribution. [Masters Thesis]. University of British Columbia; 1971. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2429/34361

Ryerson University

7. Ogbuigwe, Daniel. The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection.

Degree: 2012, Ryerson University

URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1715

► The desire to produce functional powder metallurgy (PM) components has resulted in higher compression forces during compaction. This in turn increases the ejection stresses and… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy; Porosity; Powder metallurgy – Mathematical models; Finite element method

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ogbuigwe, D. (2012). The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1715

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ogbuigwe, Daniel. “The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection.” 2012. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed March 01, 2021. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1715.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ogbuigwe, Daniel. “The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ogbuigwe D. The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1715.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ogbuigwe D. The Effect of Relative Porosity on the Survivability of a Powder Metallurgy Part During Ejection. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2012. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1715

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Stellenbosch University

8. Govender, Preyin. Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V.

Degree: MEng, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, 2020, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108040

► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ti-6Al-4V is a widely used titanium alloy within the aerospace and medical industry with powder metallurgy (PM) becoming a fast growing industry within.… (more)

▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Ti-6Al-4V is a widely used titanium alloy within the aerospace and medical industry with powder metallurgy (PM) becoming a fast growing industry within. The press-and-sinter technique is one such PM process that can be used to manufacture parts. In order to improve mechanical properties, dimensional tolerances and machinability, ferrous PM press-and-sintered parts are often infiltrated with molten Cu during the sintering heat treatment process. This project investigates the feasibility of infiltrating sintered Ti-6Al-4V compacts with molten Al, in order to improve its properties. Two Ti-6Al-4V powder blends were mixed, namely a blended elemental (BE) blend consisting of elemental Ti, Al and V powder in a 90:6:4 wt% ratios and a master alloy (CPTi+MA) blend consisting of commercially pure Ti (CPTi) powder with a master alloy (MA) powder of Al and V mixed in a 90:10 wt% ratio. These powder blends were compacted in 10 mm right cylinders with a relative green density (ρg) of approximately 75%. The compacts were sintered under high vacuum at temperatures of 1100 ºC and 1200 ºC, respectively, to achieve relative sintered densities (ρs) of < 92%. At ρs > 92 %, open pore channels close off preventing infiltration. Infiltration disks were compacted from pure Al spherical powder. The mass of the disks was calculated by taking the residual porosity of the sintered Ti-6Al-4V compacts, and providing enough molten Al to infiltrate the pores exactly. Infiltration took place under a nitrogen atmosphere at various temperatures between 700 °C - 900 °C, above Al melting point (660.6 ºC) to ensure melting, and for various dwell times. Slices of wrought Al bar stock were also evaluated for infiltration. Neither the Al powder compacts nor the wrought Al slices melted, with the result that all attempts to infiltrate the Ti-6Al-4V with Al failed. Characterization of the sintered and infiltrated samples was performed. Optical microscopy as well as energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis was used to view the microstructures and elemental distribution in the microstructures, respectively. From these analyses, it was confirmed that infiltration with Al did not occur for any of the samples. CPTi+MA samples showed, on average a change in relative density from 74.5% to 90.2%, while BE samples showed negligible change from 73.6% to 74.9% relative density. The microstructure of both blends were observed with the CPTi+MA having a ɑ+β microstructure; while the BE having a predominantly ɑ-microstructure. EDS imaging for the CPTi+MA samples showed a fairly homogenous elemental distribution for both sintering temperatures. The BE blends showed an inhomogenous distribution at both sintering temperatures. Large pores were visible as Al particles melted and diffused into Ti and V, leaving high Al concentrations surrounding the pores. The results indicate that Ti and V diffuse into the Al disks during the infiltration heat treatment process, raising the melting temperature of the Al disks. By observing the concentration of Ti… Advisors/Committee Members: Blaine, Deborah, Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering..

Subjects/Keywords: Ti-6Al-4V; Sinter (Metallurgy); Infiltration; Titanium alloys; Titanium powder – Metallurgy; Powder metallurgy – Pressing; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Govender, P. (2020). Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108040

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Govender, Preyin. “Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V.” 2020. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108040.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Govender, Preyin. “Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V.” 2020. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Govender P. Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108040.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Govender P. Sinter infiltration of TI-6A1-4V. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/108040

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Dalhousie University

9. Beck, Geoffrey. ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION.

Degree: Master of Applied Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15178

► A novel method of producing die compacted powder metallurgy components with fully en-closed internal structures was developed. The physical characteristics of the compacts were evaluated… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powder Metallurgy; Die Compaction; Internal Strucutres; Densitometry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Beck, G. (2012). ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15178

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beck, Geoffrey. “ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15178.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beck, Geoffrey. “ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Beck G. ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15178.

Council of Science Editors:

Beck G. ON A NOVEL METHOD OF INCORPORATING AN INTERNAL STRUCTURE INTO GREEN POWDER METALLURGY COMPACTS USING DIE COMPACTION. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/15178

Dalhousie University

10. Sweet, Gregory. ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING.

Degree: Master of Applied Science, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, 2014, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54025

► Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of air atomized aluminum powders was conducted in a fundamental investigation of processing and chemical effects on physical and mechanical properties.… (more)

▼ Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of air atomized aluminum powders was conducted in a fundamental investigation of processing and chemical effects on physical and mechanical properties. Five air atomized aluminum powders, one of commercial purity, one magnesium-doped (0.4 wt%), one iron-doped (1.0 wt%), one nickel-doped (1.0 wt%) and one iron (1.0 wt%) and nickel-doped (1.0 wt%) were processed by SPS means. Where applicable, powders were also processed by conventional powder metallurgy (PM). An investigation of SPS processing parameters and their effect on sinter quality were of primary concern. Applied pressure and ultimate processing temperature bore the greatest influence on processing, while heating rate and hold time showed a minor effect. Full density specimens were achieved for both powders under select processing conditions. To compliment this, large (80 mm) and small (20 mm) diameter samples were made to observe possible up-scaling effects, as well as tensile properties. Large samples were successfully processed, albeit with somewhat inferior densities to the smaller counterparts presumably due to the temperature inhomogeneity during processing. An investigation into tensile properties for SPS samples exhibited extensive ductility (~30%) at high sintering temperatures, while lower temperature SPS samples as well as all conventional PM processed samples exhibited a brittle nature. The measurement of residual oxygen and hydrogen contents showed a significant elimination of both species in SPS samples under certain processing parameters when compared to conventional PM equivalents. None of the transition metal additions had an overtly negative impact on SPS response. As such, all powders were successfully processed to the full density condition provided that an appropriate minimum SPS temperature was employed. Hardness improved as the net concentration of transition metals increased and was found to be greatest in the Al-Fe-Ni ternary powder (78 HRH). Microstructural coarsening was apparent in all alloys as a result of SPS processing. However, the consolidated products maintained desirable microstructures comprised of homogenous distributions of sub-micron intermetallics such as Al9FeNi, Al13Fe4 and AlNi3. Advisors/Committee Members: Ian Donaldson (external-examiner), Dr. Mark Gibson (graduate-coordinator), Dr. Kevin Plucknett (thesis-reader), Dr. Paul Bishop (thesis-supervisor), Not Applicable (ethics-approval), Yes (manuscripts), Yes (copyright-release).

Subjects/Keywords: Powder Metallurgy; Spark Plasma Sintering; Aluminum

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sweet, G. (2014). ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING. (Masters Thesis). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54025

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sweet, Gregory. “ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING.” 2014. Masters Thesis, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54025.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sweet, Gregory. “ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Sweet G. ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54025.

Council of Science Editors:

Sweet G. ADVANCED SINTERING TECHNIQUES OF ALUMINUM: SPARK PLASMA SINTERING. [Masters Thesis]. Dalhousie University; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/54025

11. Channankaiah. Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels.

Degree: Mechanical Engineering, 2014, Anna University

URL: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/16955

►

Powder metallurgy (P/M) is recognized as one of the most important manufacturing processes for making several industrial products. The production of powder metallurgy parts has… (more)

▼

Powder metallurgy (P/M) is recognized as one of the most important manufacturing processes for making several industrial products. The production of powder metallurgy parts has been expanding at a significantly faster rate because of the advantages associated with it. The advantages include compositional flexibility, minimized segregation, ability to produce graded microstructures with varying physical and mechanical properties, quality, cost, precision, productivity, optimized material utilization, etc. The production of components from HSLA steel has been in the past through the conventional routes such as metal casting, forming and forging. Casting the metal into billets and machining the components from the billets and bringing them to standard size blocks and required shapes where energy intensive process that produced large amounts of scrap with material utility ranging from 50% to 80%. Fine machining, grinding and lapping operations made this components highly non competitive on the economic front. Keeping this in mind, in the present investigation, it is envisaged to adapt P/M route coupled with certain conventional process to produce components in close tolerance with the design. It is necessary to investigate the fundamentals, involved in preparing suitable preforms, sintering them at well specified temperature for a length of time and then forging them at newlinespecified temperature. Tests for evaluating the mechanical properties of the newlinespecimens will be performed in order to understand the constraints and newlinesuitable components can be manufactured economically. The main objective of this present research work is to develop the newlineHSLA steels. The powder mixes of HSLA steels were prepared from the newlineelemental powders such as manganese, chromium and molybdenum. Three newlinedifferent compositions of AISI 4140 steel powder mixes were mixed in a pot newlinemill for the period of 12 hours at room temperature. newline

References p. 156-163

Advisors/Committee Members: Ranganath G.

Subjects/Keywords: HSLA steels; Mechanical Engineering; Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Channankaiah. (2014). Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels. (Thesis). Anna University. Retrieved from http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/16955

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Channankaiah. “Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels.” 2014. Thesis, Anna University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/16955.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Channankaiah. “Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels.” 2014. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete

Vancouver:

Channankaiah. Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels. [Internet] [Thesis]. Anna University; 2014. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/16955.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Channankaiah. Study of densification and mechanical properties of HSLA P/M steels. [Thesis]. Anna University; 2014. Available from: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/handle/10603/16955

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Author name may be incomplete
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Stellenbosch University

12. Bosman, Hendrik Ludolph. Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms.

Degree: MEng, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, 2016, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98709

► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research focusses on the press-and-sinter manufacturing process through which titanium powders are employed to produce dense titanium and the Ti-6Al-4V alloy; more… (more)

▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research focusses on the press-and-sinter manufacturing process through which titanium powders are employed to produce dense titanium and the Ti-6Al-4V alloy; more specifically, the influence of particle size distribution (PSD) on the densification behaviour and material properties are investigated. Commercially pure (CP) titanium powders of -100 and -200 mesh sizes were blended in various proportions and used to conduct compressibility and sintering studies. To produce Ti-6Al-4V, a -200 mesh 60Al-40V master alloy (MA) powder was additionally blended with the CP titanium powders. Powders and powder blend were characterised using scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction. A vast array of specimens was produced while varying the following production parameters: aspect ratio, compaction pressure, sintering time and sintering temperature. Aspect ratios of cylindrical specimens were varied to produce thin disks (1:3), as well as square (1:1) and long (3:2) cylinders. Compaction pressures were varied from 200 MPa to 600 MPa using double action compaction. Sintering was conducted under high vacuum (<10-4 mbar, or better) with sintering temperatures ranging from 1000°C to 1300°C; typical holding times were two hours, with certain specimens being re-sintered to four, and up to six hours. From the results of the compressibility and sintering studies, a baseline densification pathway was elected: compaction at 400 MPa followed by sintering at 1300°C for two hours. This allowed meaningful comparison of the behaviour of different powder blends. Several CP titanium and MA Ti-6Al-4V powder blends of known weight compositions were considered by creating a model using the precursor powder PSD data to predict the blended powder PSDs. A few promising CP and MA blends were prepared and specimens were produced according to the elected baseline process. The densification behaviour was studied at each process step. Densification trends similar to those indicated in literature for bimodal powder blends were found for the CP titanium blends; however, the effect of the MA powder alloying addition was dominant in the case of the MA Ti-6Al-4V blends’ densification behaviour. Mechanical properties were tested using three point bending and Vickers hardness (HV10), respectively. Transverse rupture bar specimens were pressed (400 MPa) and showed either brittle or ductile fracture after being sintered for two hours at either 1000°C or 1300°C, respectively. The thermal conductivity of specific specimens was measured and showed that the thermal conductivity of sintered titanium is lower than that of the equivalent wrought material. The sintered microstructure of various specimens was investigated to gain insight into differences in pore structures among the blend compositions. A vast range of densification results has been put forth from which to extract data for future research. Recommended future work would include: the procurement of tooling for tensile test specimens, a redesign of the thermal conductivity… Advisors/Committee Members: Blaine, D. C., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering..

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy; Titanium; Particle size; UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bosman, H. L. (2016). Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98709

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bosman, Hendrik Ludolph. “Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms.” 2016. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98709.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bosman, Hendrik Ludolph. “Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Bosman HL. Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98709.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bosman HL. Influence of powder particle size distribution on press-and-sinter titanium and Ti-6Al-4V preforms. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98709

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Northeastern University

13. Li, Yangfan. Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders.

Degree: MS, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2012, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20002900

► Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel rapid, full-density powder consolidation process in which metal powders confined in a die under uniaxial loading is subjected… (more)

▼ Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel rapid, full-density powder consolidation process in which metal powders confined in a die under uniaxial loading is subjected to ultrasonic vibration at low temperature for a few seconds or less. In this research, copper powders with dendritic and spherical morphologies and an aluminum powder with spherical morphology were subjected to UPC under various conditions to investigate the effects of the process variables on the densification and metallurgical bonding of the compact. An ultrasonic washing test, developed in this research, was used to determine the extent of densification and bonding achieved in specimens consolidated under systematically varied UPC conditions. Hardness testing was also employed as a supplementary means for the assessment of compact density in both as-consolidated and ultrasonically washed states. The degree of metallurgical bonding was also qualitatively assessed from the fracture surfaces of manually broken specimens.; With the dendritic and spherical copper powders, the minimum consolidation temperature, time and uniaxial pressure required for nearly full densification were determined to be 450 °C, 4 s and 84 MPa, respectively. The best conditions were 500 °C, 4 s and 100 MPa for both copper powders. Dendritic-powder specimens exhibited better densification and bonding than spherical-powder specimens above 450 °C. However, below 450 °C, the spherical powder produced better results, due probably to its higher packing geometry and repacking under the ultrasonic vibrations. With the spherical aluminum powder, specimens with best densification and bonding were obtained under the conditions of 400 °C, 2.5 s and 80 MPa.; Compact densification generally requires a good amount of powder deformation. In UPC, this occurs very quickly in a fraction of a second if consolidation temperature is sufficiently high. However, a high degree of compact densification does not necessarily assure good metallurgical bonding. Bonding must be preceded by the formation of nascent metal-to-metal contact of powder particles, which requires good compact densification. Thus, densification is only a necessary condition for bonding. For the copper compacts, metallurgical bonding, at a given temperature, increased with increasing consolidation time, indicating that bonding is a thermally activated (diffusional) process. Densification of dendritic powder produced more fresh metal surface and hence higher degrees of bonding. The bonding in the aluminum compacts, however, followed densification more closely, reflecting the higher homologuos temperatures (up to 0.72 of the melting point in K).

Subjects/Keywords: ultrasonic powder consolidation; densification; Mechanical Engineering; Metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Li, Y. (2012). Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders. (Masters Thesis). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20002900

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Li, Yangfan. “Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Northeastern University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20002900.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Li, Yangfan. “Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Li Y. Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Northeastern University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20002900.

Council of Science Editors:

Li Y. Densification and bonding of copper and aluminum powders. [Masters Thesis]. Northeastern University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/d20002900

14. Tellier, Gabriel. Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy.

Degree: Mechanical Engineering, 2017, University of Manitoba

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32642

► Nickel-based superalloys see wide use in applications requiring high strengths at high temperatures, notably in the blades of gas turbines. An important contributor to this… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy

…𝟗𝟗𝟗𝟔 Equation 5 .......... 59 Page | x List of Abbreviations PM: Powder Metallurgy HIP… …behaviour of a powder-metallurgy nickel-based superalloy consisting of Ni-12Cr-9Fe (w/o)… …nickel-based powder metallurgy alloy similar to Inconel 600, to enable better control of the… …can be found in Section 4: Materials and Methods. 2.1. Powder Metallurgy Although a less… …widespread technique than casting or forging, Powder Metallurgy (PM) nonetheless has been…

11 more images…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tellier, G. (2017). Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy. (Masters Thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32642

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tellier, Gabriel. “Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Manitoba. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32642.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tellier, Gabriel. “Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy.” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Tellier G. Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32642.

Council of Science Editors:

Tellier G. Characterization of gamma prime precipitates in a powder metallurgy nickel-based superalloy. [Masters Thesis]. University of Manitoba; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1993/32642

KTH

15. Nabeel, Muhammad. Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering.

Degree: Materials Science and Engineering, 2012, KTH

URL: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702

► The mechanical properties of components made by PM steels are normally inferior to those made by alternative processes. One of the main reasons is… (more)

▼ The mechanical properties of components made by PM steels are normally inferior to those made by alternative processes. One of the main reasons is that a large amount of pores are present in sintered components. The other main reason is that the alloying elements, particularly Ni, are not uniformly distributed after conventional sintering procedures. This work is aimed at a better understanding of the influence of alloying additions on mechanical properties and homogeneity of the microstructure. The experimental work has been carried out in two trials. Trial 1 was performed to investigate mechanical properties of Distaloy powders (commercial grades) and second trial to examine influence of alloying additions on homogeneity of microstructure. For trial 1, as-sintered and heat treated specimens were produced by mixing commercial powders with two different carbon levels. Whereas, alloying elements were admixed to base iron powder for producing sintered specimens for trial 2. Mechanical properties including dimensional changes, micro-hardness, tensile strength and impact resistance were measured. Distribution of alloying elements was studied using LOM and SEM-EDS analysis. The results obtained show that additions of alloying elements enhance the mechanical properties. Moreover, interaction of C with Cu and Ni as well as interaction between Cu and Ni have a deceive role in determining final properties of the components. The metallographic investigation indicated that major reasons of heterogeneous microstructure are slow diffusion of Ni in Fe matrix and interaction of other alloying elements with Ni. The results of trial 2 showed that addition of Mo and Cu to Ni-containing PM steels improves the distribution of Ni in Fe matrix. Mo results in improved uniformity of microstructure by lowering the chemical potential of carbon. In Ni and Cu containing alloys, the interaction between Ni and Cu is responsible for enhanced distribution of Ni. However, the improved Ni distribution is achieved at the expense of non-uniform distribution of Cu. In Ni-containing PM steels, improved microstructure homogenization can be attained by increasing Ni-Cu interaction, lowering the surface energy of Ni-Cu liquid and decreasing the chemical potential of carbon.

Subjects/Keywords: Diffusion; distribution; alloying elements; powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nabeel, M. (2012). Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering. (Thesis). KTH. Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nabeel, Muhammad. “Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering.” 2012. Thesis, KTH. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nabeel, Muhammad. “Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Nabeel M. Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering. [Internet] [Thesis]. KTH; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Nabeel M. Diffusion of Elemental Additives during Sintering. [Thesis]. KTH; 2012. Available from: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-100702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

16. Wu, Kai Chiu. Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications.

Degree: 1998, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

URL: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-5199 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b612523 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5199/1/th_redirect.html

► One of the popular manufacturing process in industry is the rapid sintering, however, due to the limited time, there always exists thermal gradient inside. This… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Sintering ; Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, K. C. (1998). Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications. (Thesis). Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Retrieved from http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-5199 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b612523 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5199/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Kai Chiu. “Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications.” 1998. Thesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-5199 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b612523 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5199/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Kai Chiu. “Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications.” 1998. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Wu KC. Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications. [Internet] [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 1998. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-5199 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b612523 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5199/1/th_redirect.html.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Wu KC. Fundamental radiative heat transfer analysis of a packed sphere system for powder applications. [Thesis]. Hong Kong University of Science and Technology; 1998. Available from: http://repository.ust.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-5199 ; https://doi.org/10.14711/thesis-b612523 ; http://repository.ust.hk/ir/bitstream/1783.1-5199/1/th_redirect.html

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Adelaide

17. Ahamed Khan, Riaz Ahamed. Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies.

Degree: 2019, University of Adelaide

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123416

► Ni-Mn-X (X – Ga, Sn, In, Sb) based ferromagnetic Heusler alloys are deemed to be multiferroic materials with the multiferroicity realized by engineering reversibility through… (more)

▼ Ni-Mn-X (X – Ga, Sn, In, Sb) based ferromagnetic Heusler alloys are deemed to be multiferroic materials with the multiferroicity realized by engineering reversibility through composition tuning, of an inherent first-order diffusionless martensitic phase transformation and a second-order magnetic transition accompanying the first with the application of an electromagnetic field. Martensitic phase transformation transforms high-temperature austenite phase to low-temperature martensite phase while magnetic transition changes the electromagnetic ordering in the phases. The engineered reversibility of the magnetostructural transformations is brought with remarkable functional changes such as change in entropy, saturation magnetization, strain recovery, etc. that offer great scope for applications. There are examples in literature of such alloys with great potential for magnetic refrigeration by virtue of a giant entropy change, or with potential for magnetic shape memory effect because of giant magnetic field-induced strains. However, the most interesting characteristics of these alloys is their ability in the conversion of waste heat into electricity on account of the sudden thermally induced surge in saturation magnetization around the phase transformation, suitably utilized to generate electricity. A majority of these ferromagnetic Heusler alloys have been synthesised by liquid processing method of arc/induction-melting of high purity elements in a controlled environment usually followed by annealing. Synthesis procedures which are a sequel to arc/induction melting such as rapid solidification by melt-spinning, directional solidification etc. are also prevalent. Solid processing through powder metallurgy is sparsely employed on pre-alloyed powders of these alloys and not elemental powders even though use of elemental powders is advantageous for reasons such as good compaction characteristics and ease of obtaining new alloy compositions through precise control of stoichiometry. Ferromagnetic Heusler alloys of compositions discussed herein are meant to transform martensitically and vice versa, irrespective of the way they are synthesized. Do these alloys necessarily have to be synthesized through liquid processing? The question is broader in concept and the lack of literature on solid processed ferromagnetic shape memory Heusler alloys provided scope for investigation of the feasibility of adopting conventional pressure-less sintering process as a cost-effective alternative to casting. This research therefore endeavoured to explore the feasibility of solid processing of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys through conventional sintering using elemental powders. The starting composition was Ni45Co5Mn40Sn10. The choice of composition was the singular magnetostructural behaviour at phase transformation of the cast composition that drove its potential as an energy material similar to or even better than thermoelectric materials. Two sets of alloys were prepared – a quinary Ni45Co5Mn40(Sn,Cu)10 and quaternary Ni45Co5Mn40Sn10 using… Advisors/Committee Members: Chen, Lei (advisor), Ghomashchi, Reza (advisor), Xie, Zonghan (advisor), School of Mechanical Engineering (school).

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy; ferromagnetic Heusler alloys; microstructural characterization

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ahamed Khan, R. A. (2019). Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies. (Thesis). University of Adelaide. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123416

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ahamed Khan, Riaz Ahamed. “Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies.” 2019. Thesis, University of Adelaide. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123416.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ahamed Khan, Riaz Ahamed. “Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies.” 2019. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ahamed Khan RA. Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123416.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Ahamed Khan RA. Powder metallurgy synthesis of ferromagnetic Heusler alloys: Feasibility and microstructural characterization studies. [Thesis]. University of Adelaide; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123416

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Windsor

18. Boudreau, Douglas B. Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys.

Degree: MA, Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2017, University of Windsor

URL: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7239

► Over the past few decades, the automotive industry has seen a steady increase in the amount of powder metallurgy products that have been included… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Aluminum; Fatigue; Lightweight; Powder Metallurgy; Sintered; Titanium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Boudreau, D. B. (2017). Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys. (Masters Thesis). University of Windsor. Retrieved from https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7239

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Boudreau, Douglas B. “Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys.” 2017. Masters Thesis, University of Windsor. Accessed March 01, 2021. https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7239.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Boudreau, Douglas B. “Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys.” 2017. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Boudreau DB. Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Windsor; 2017. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7239.

Council of Science Editors:

Boudreau DB. Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Lightweight Alloys. [Masters Thesis]. University of Windsor; 2017. Available from: https://scholar.uwindsor.ca/etd/7239

Northeastern University

19. Mokarram, Nazanin. Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies.

Degree: PhD, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2016, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20238348

► Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a new technique capable of producing full-density consolidates from powders in a few seconds or less, and at temperatures substantially… (more)

▼ Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a new technique capable of producing full-density consolidates from powders in a few seconds or less, and at temperatures substantially below the melting temperature which is not possible by conventional powder consolidation techniques. The objectives of this work was to investigate the fundamental mechanisms involved in ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) and its application to alloy powders, with particular interest in producing wear-resistant coatings on die surfaces.; To explore the mechanisms of the powder compact densification and metallurgical bond formation in UPC, a systematic series of experiments were done with Al-Cu and Al-Ti powder mixtures. The Al-Cu specimens that were consolidated at 400 °C and 500 °C were fully densified and metallurgically intact. The specimens subjected to ultrasonic vibration at 400 °C and 500 °C for 2 s or longer also exhibited a reaction zone at the Al-Cu interface. Al4Cu9, AlCu and Al2Cu were identified by X-ray diffraction as the intermetallic compounds that formed in the reaction zone between the Cu particles and the Al matrix. Reference specimens compacted at 500 °C under identical conditions but without ultrasonic vibration were not fully dense nor metallurgically intact and had no reaction zones. XRD also confirmed Al3Ti compound formation in Al-Ti specimens ultrasonically consolidated from ball milled and annealed Al-Ti composite powder. The rapid powder consolidation and compound formation in Al-Cu and Al-Ti are discussed in terms of effects of excess vacancies on diffusion, phase stability and dynamic recovery in materials deforming at high train rate.; Successful simultaneous consolidation and bonding of mechanically alloyed SKD61 and yttria nanoparticle composite powder on a die steel substrate was achieved. Optimizing pre-annealing and UPC conditions resulted in densifications close to 100% in nanometal layers and their simultaneous bonding on SKD61 substrates. Hardening of the consolidated specimens at 1015 °C for 1 hour and quenching them in Ar gas flow hardened the nanometal layer to about 830 HV and the SKD61 substrate to about 715 HV. The results confirm that UPC can provide a novel method for the production of forging dies hardfaced with wear-resistant composites.

Subjects/Keywords: Al-Cu; Al-Ti; hardfacing of forging dies; powder consolidation; powder metallurgy; ultrasonic powder consolidation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mokarram, N. (2016). Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies. (Doctoral Dissertation). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20238348

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mokarram, Nazanin. “Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Northeastern University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20238348.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mokarram, Nazanin. “Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Mokarram N. Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20238348.

Council of Science Editors:

Mokarram N. Fundamental investigation of ultrasonic powder consolidation and its application to hardfacing of forging dies. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20238348

Dalhousie University

20. Burke, Paul. Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders.

Degree: PhD, Department of Process Engineering and Applied Science, 2011, Dalhousie University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13574

► Magnesium and its alloys are attractive for use in automotive and aerospace applications because of their low density and good mechanical properties. However, difficulty in… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Magnesium sintering; magnesium powder; powder metallurgy; surface layers

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APA (6^th Edition):

Burke, P. (2011). Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders. (Doctoral Dissertation). Dalhousie University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13574

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Burke, Paul. “Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Dalhousie University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13574.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Burke, Paul. “Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders.” 2011. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Burke P. Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Dalhousie University; 2011. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13574.

Council of Science Editors:

Burke P. Investigation of the Sintering Fundamentals of Magnesium Powders. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Dalhousie University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10222/13574

Texas A&M University

21. Thompson, Chad 1984-. A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres.

Degree: MS, Nuclear Engineering, 2012, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148295

► TerraPower LLC is designing a fast breed and burn reactor intended to operate for up to 40 years without refueling, designated as the Travelling Wave… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Powder Metallurgy; Metallic Powder; Rotating Electrode; RES; REP

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APA (6^th Edition):

Thompson, C. 1. (2012). A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148295

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Thompson, Chad 1984-. “A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148295.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Thompson, Chad 1984-. “A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Thompson C1. A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148295.

Council of Science Editors:

Thompson C1. A Rotating Electrode System for the Generation of Metal Alloy Microspheres. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148295

Northeastern University

22. Houshmand, Azin. Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling.

Degree: MS, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2016, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20237651

► Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel, low-temperature, rapid powder consolidation process, capable of producing full-density materials from powders in a few seconds.; The objective… (more)

▼ Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel, low-temperature, rapid powder consolidation process, capable of producing full-density materials from powders in a few seconds.; The objective of this work was to investigate the phase evolution in a Cu-Zn powder mixture subjected to UPC in comparison with that in other high-strain rate materials processing methods such as ball milling. Systematic UPC experiments were performed with a Cu-48 wt% Zn powder mixture at nominal consolidation temperatures of 25 °C to 300 °C, using 20 kHz, 9 µm-amplitude ultrasonic vibration applied to the powder compact for a duration of 1 to 4 s. Optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction revealed the formation of γ-brass at the interface of Cu and Zn powder particles in the samples consolidated at or above 200 °C. The γ-brass formation increased with increasing consolidation temperature and vibration time and approached 70 vol% in a sample consolidated at 300 °C for 4 s. No new phase formed in a reference sample made at 300 °C but with no vibration, despite the close contact between Cu and Zn achieved in the reference sample.; The γ-brass formation in the UPC samples is contrasted by the direct formation of β-brass in ball-milled composite powders of the Cu-48 wt% Zn composition. The phase selection in UPC is governed by the local state at the Cu-Zn interface. The high excess vacancies generated at the Cu-Zn interface enhance the interdiffusion at the Cu-Zn interface by many orders of magnitude, allowing the interfacial Cu and Zn concentrations to exceed the normal solubility limits before a new phase can nucleate. This, in turn, increases the driving force for the nucleation of γ-brass at the Cu-Zn interface. The driving for β-brass nucleation does not increase as much because of the large solubility of Zn in Cu.; Adding a pre-UPC step, such as a heat treatment or ball milling for a very short time (before any new phase formation is detectable), facilities β-brass nucleation which then grows in subsequent UPC. This shows the feasibility of β-brass production from elemental powders in a two-step UPC process.

Subjects/Keywords: ball milling; enhance diffusion; phase transformation; powder metallurgy; ultrasonic powder consolidation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Houshmand, A. (2016). Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling. (Masters Thesis). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20237651

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Houshmand, Azin. “Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Northeastern University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20237651.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Houshmand, Azin. “Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Houshmand A. Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20237651.

Council of Science Editors:

Houshmand A. Phase evolution in Cu-Zn powder mixtures subjected to ultrasonic powder consolidation and ball milling. [Masters Thesis]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20237651

University of Arizona

23. Ibarra, Santiago, 1940-. The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder .

Degree: 1965, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347516

Subjects/Keywords: Iron powder.; Sintering.; Powder metallurgy.

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ibarra, Santiago, 1. (1965). The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder . (Masters Thesis). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347516

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ibarra, Santiago, 1940-. “The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder .” 1965. Masters Thesis, University of Arizona. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347516.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ibarra, Santiago, 1940-. “The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder .” 1965. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Ibarra, Santiago 1. The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder . [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arizona; 1965. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347516.

Council of Science Editors:

Ibarra, Santiago 1. The effect of allotropic transformations on the sintering behavior of iron powder . [Masters Thesis]. University of Arizona; 1965. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/347516

Drexel University

24. Moore, Teresa. A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction.

Degree: 2018, Drexel University

URL: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A8242

►

The purpose of this work is to enhance simulations of powder compaction by predicting the air entrapment mechanism. A previous numerical solution predicted the entrapped… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Materials science; Metal powder rolling; Compacting; Powder metallurgy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Moore, T. (2018). A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction. (Thesis). Drexel University. Retrieved from https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A8242

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Moore, Teresa. “A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction.” 2018. Thesis, Drexel University. Accessed March 01, 2021. https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A8242.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Moore, Teresa. “A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction.” 2018. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Moore T. A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction. [Internet] [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A8242.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Moore T. A numerical model for the prediction of air entrapment in powder compaction. [Thesis]. Drexel University; 2018. Available from: https://idea.library.drexel.edu/islandora/object/idea%3A8242

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Stellenbosch University

25. Scholtz, Arno Paul. A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy.

Degree: MEng, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, 2018, Stellenbosch University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105089

► ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Powder metallurgy (PM) describes a group of manufacturing technologies whereby fine metallic powders are consolidated to create engineering components. The most widely used… (more)

▼ ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Powder metallurgy (PM) describes a group of manufacturing technologies whereby fine metallic powders are consolidated to create engineering components. The most widely used PM technology is the press-and-sinter process, used to manufacture ferrous alloys. Ferrous PM is frequently sinter-infiltrated with copper (Cu) in order to improve the materials machinability. During sinter-infiltration, molten copper infiltrates the inherently porous PM structure, filling the pores and creating a more dense, less porous material. Residual Cu, from incomplete infiltration, is a common defect in copper infiltrated PM parts. This project investigates the parameters of sinter-infiltration that are critical to successful infiltration and the production of high-quality Cu infiltrated ferrous PM alloys. Common reasons for poor infiltration include incomplete delubrication prior to sintering, and inadequate furnace atmosphere and temperature control. Both of these aspects can introduce impurities into the material during the sintering process, which inhibits efficient infiltration and sintering. This study focuses specifically on the influence of delubrication and furnace control on the sinter-infiltrated material quality. A proprietary copper-infiltrated ferrous PM alloy, with specified processing parameters, is used for this study. A systematic evaluation of both the delubrication and copper-infiltration processes is presented. In order to perform this evaluation, it was necessary to implement control of the furnace temperature and atmosphere. As such, an extensive overhaul of the furnace at Stellenbosch University, with particular attention given to both the electrical and process gas flow systems, was performed and the details are presented in this study. The results of the study indicate that in order to successfully perform good quality sinter-infiltration of the proprietary alloy with copper, different process gas atmospheres are required in the furnace for the delubrication and sintering steps, respectively. During delubrication, a reducing atmosphere of 80:20 vol% N2:H2 with a dewpoint of 8 °C must be maintained. During sintering an atmosphere composition of 80:20 vol% N2:H2 must be maintained with a low dewpoint of -35 °C. For the cooling of the samples an atmosphere composition of 95:5 vol% N2:H2 was used. Furthermore, a detailed metallographic analysis of the consecutive stages of copper infiltration, over the temperature range of 1070 to 1130 °C was conducted. The results of which show how the interaction between Cu and Mn in the alloy significantly influences the melting and infiltration behaviour. This research provides valuable insight into the high sensitivity of the copper infiltration process to furnace atmosphere control, as well as the advantage of understanding the detailed interaction between different alloying elements in the PM material during copper infiltration. Insight leads to the ability to control the process and to design for good quality copper infiltration during … Advisors/Committee Members: Blaine, D. C., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Engineering. Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering..

Subjects/Keywords: Powder metallurgy; Ferrous alloys; Copper infiltration; Sinter (Metallurgy); UCTD

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APA (6^th Edition):

Scholtz, A. P. (2018). A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy. (Thesis). Stellenbosch University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105089

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Scholtz, Arno Paul. “A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy.” 2018. Thesis, Stellenbosch University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105089.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Scholtz, Arno Paul. “A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy.” 2018. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Scholtz AP. A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy. [Internet] [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105089.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Scholtz AP. A Study of copper infiltration for conventional ferrous powder metallurgy. [Thesis]. Stellenbosch University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/105089

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Northeastern University

26. Liu, Zheng. Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation.

Degree: MS, Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, 2016, Northeastern University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20200338

► Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel, low-temperature, rapid powder consolidation process being investigated at the Advanced Materials Processing Laboratory (AMPL), in which a powder… (more)

▼ Ultrasonic powder consolidation (UPC) is a novel, low-temperature, rapid powder consolidation process being investigated at the Advanced Materials Processing Laboratory (AMPL), in which a powder compact to be consolidated is pressed under a uniaxial force, heated to a moderately low temperature (normally, < 0.5 T_m), and subjected to ultrasonic vibration for only a few seconds to create full-density, metallurgical bonded bulk materials. In the present study, UPC experiments were performed with a water-atomized copper powder to investigate the progress of powder compact densification and metallurgical bonding under systematically varied consolidation parameters: temperature and time. The extent of powder compact densification was determined on as-polished cross sections of consolidated specimens. The metallurgical bonding in the powder compacts was assessed on polished specimen surfaces subjected to an ultrasonic washing test, also developed at AMPL, in which a polished specimen surface is subjected to ultrasonic waves in water to remove powder particles that are not bonded well.; Image analysis on photomicrographs of as-polished and ultrasonically washed powder compacts showed that both compact densification and particle bonding increased with increasing consolidation temperature and time and that the metallurgical bonding lagged behind the compact densification. At a nominal consolidation temperature of 500 °C, full densification was achieved in 3 s, whereas 4 s were needed to achieve good metallurgical bonding. Delays of metallurgical bonding to similar degrees were observed at the consolidation temperatures of 300 - 600 °C that were investigated, suggesting that UPC is a 2-step process of compact densification followed by metallurgical bonding.; Compact densification progressed as the inter-particle regions were filled with 'debris' from parent particles that rubbed against each other under the applied ultrasonic vibration. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) revealed that the debris-filled inter-particle regions consisted of copper and a very small amount of oxygen, indicating that the debris did come from the parent copper particles. The debris had ragged interfaces with their parent particles and contained nano-sized voids. Local melting at the particle surface, possibly by strain-induced melting point depression, might produce bits of liquid that solidified into the debris.; The debris-filled inter-particle regions decreased with increasing consolidation temperature and/or time as they became integral parts of the consolidated material. Full metallurgical bonding was attained when the debris-filled inter-particle regions were completely transformed to well-defined grains by recrystallization and coarsening under imposed ultrasonic vibration. The extra time required for the transformation of the inter-particle debris to the well-defined grains accounts for the lag of the metallurgical bonding behind the compact densification.

Subjects/Keywords: densification; metallurgical bonding; Copper powder; Metallurgy; Copper; Metallurgy; Powder metallurgy; Ultrasonic welding; Ultrasonic waves; Industrial applications; Industrial applications

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liu, Z. (2016). Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation. (Masters Thesis). Northeastern University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20200338

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liu, Zheng. “Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Northeastern University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20200338.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liu, Zheng. “Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Liu Z. Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Northeastern University; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20200338.

Council of Science Editors:

Liu Z. Densification and metallurgical bonding in copper powder compact during ultrasonic powder consolidation. [Masters Thesis]. Northeastern University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2047/D20200338

University of Southern California

27. Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi. Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition.

Degree: PhD, Industrial and Systems Engineering, 2012, University of Southern California

URL: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/125452/rec/4056

► The Selective Inhibition Sintering (SIS) process is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology which builds parts on a layer-by-layer basis. The principle idea of the SIS… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: inhibition from sintering; metallic part fabrication; powder metallurgy; powder sintering; rapid prototyping; additive manufacturing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yoozbashizadeh, M. (2012). Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Southern California. Retrieved from http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/125452/rec/4056

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi. “Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Southern California. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/125452/rec/4056.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi. “Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition.” 2012. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yoozbashizadeh M. Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2012. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/125452/rec/4056.

Council of Science Editors:

Yoozbashizadeh M. Metallic part fabrication wiht selective inhibition sintering (SIS) based on microscopic mechanical inhibition. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Southern California; 2012. Available from: http://digitallibrary.usc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15799coll3/id/125452/rec/4056

University of New South Wales

28. Yao, Yin. Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles.

Degree: Materials Science & Engineering, 2016, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/57917 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:45126/SOURCE02?view=true

► This thesis details the investigation relating to the production method and mechanical properties of two types of aluminium/silicon carbide composites. These materials are manufactured using… (more)

▼ This thesis details the investigation relating to the production method and mechanical properties of two types of aluminium/silicon carbide composites. These materials are manufactured using specialised powder metallurgy (P/M) techniques, which includes mixing/milling, powder compaction, sintering and hot extrusion. The first type of composite utilises pure aluminium as the matrix, whilst the other type uses matrix consist of aluminium and in-situ oxide particles, namely sintered aluminium powder (SAP). The second type of composite combines silicon carbon particles with very small in-situ oxide particulates inside the aluminium matrix, creating a dual reinforcement system. These composites are not often characterised in literature as the fabrication process is very challenging, particularly using P/M methods. Therefore, this work offers rare insight into aluminium composites with a combination of different size reinforcement particles, which is important in establishing more novel aluminium based composites.Composites with nearly full density (> 99% theoretical density) were successfully produced via this method. The unreinforced aluminium specimens were relatively easy to extrude and defect-free extrusions can be produced in a range of parameters. The composite material not only required a higher extrusion load, but also produced a small amount of surface defects resulting sub-optimal surface finishing. A suitable remedy is to use aluminium foil or an aluminium disc in front of the extrusion for the composite material. The foil or disc acts a solid lubricant for the hard composite material, which significantly improves the surface finishing. Using this method, crack free extrusions can be obtained at reinforcement contents up to 30 volume percent silicon carbide.Microstructural analysis using optical and electron microscopies shows the particle dispersion in the material is relative homogenous. However, particle banding and alignment are observed along the extrusion direction of the specimens. Transmission electron microscope analysis shows the particle/matrix interface is free of any major reaction, but a small layer of inter-diffusion occurred between silicon and aluminium. The sub-structure of the material adjacent to the silicon carbide particle is observed to be sub-micron. This can be related to particle –assisted nucleation during extrusion and possibly the effect of high dislocation density near the particle-matrix interface, which produces a very fine structure. Mechanical testing showed the composite reinforced with silicon carbide (1200 mesh, 13 micron) possessed a significant improvement in mechanical strength and stiffness as compared to the unreinforced material. The improvement did not diminish with increasing in reinforcement volume fraction, but follows a linear trend. This increase is related to the load transfer from the matrix to the reinforcement, the generation of thermal dislocations (which is related to the difference in co-efficient of thermal expansion between the matrix and reinforcement… Advisors/Committee Members: Chan, Sammy, Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Standard, Owen, Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Extrusion aluminium powder; Aluminium SiC composite; Aluminium Powder Metallurgy; Mechanical properties aluminium

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yao, Y. (2016). Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/57917 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:45126/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/57917 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:45126/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yao, Yin. “Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles.” 2016. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Yao Y. Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/57917 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:45126/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Yao Y. Fabrication and Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composite Reinforced with High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/57917 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:45126/SOURCE02?view=true

Michigan State University

29. Do, Truong Tho. New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques.

Degree: 2018, Michigan State University

URL: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19355

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Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Mechanical Engineering 2018

Binder jet printing (BJP), one of the early metal 3D printing technologies, has distinct advantages over… (more)

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Thesis Ph. D. Michigan State University. Mechanical Engineering 2018

Binder jet printing (BJP), one of the early metal 3D printing technologies, has distinct advantages over the other additive manufacturing (AM) processes to directly build 3D parts. Some of the advantages of BJP include printed parts free of residual stresses, a less amount of labor, without the starting build plate, and a higher powder reusability. However, the BJP technology has been adopted only in the very limited applications in prototyping due to its technical difficulty in achieving full-density parts. This work has concentrated in developing a new BJP protocol to attain full-density parts made of Stainless Steel (SS) 420 and 316L. The effect of the average particle size, mixture ratio, and sintering additives on the densities of green and sintered parts is investigated for SS420 and SS 316L powders. Multiple powders distinct in average particle sizes are mixed to improve the packing density. A systematic study of the binder burn-out procedure is conducted using thermogravimetric analysis, leading to a complete removal of binder phase without extensively oxidizing SS420 and SS 316L powder. The optimal sintering condition for promising powder mixtures is determined to maximize the final density with the addition of a small amount of boron compounds as sintering additives. The quality of the fully-sintered SS420 and SS 316L parts is evaluated using the various measurements including density, microstructure, hardness, and surface roughness. Relative densities up to 99.6% are obtained for both SS420 and SS 316L without pronounced structural distortion. After achieving the parts with a full density, we were able to prove the ability of printing a shell of a part instead of the entire solid part. After sintering, both printed samples have similar quality in term of powder consolidation. The shell-printing using BJP offers expediting the printing time and reducing the amount of binder phase used in printing process. Furthermore, we successfully developed a process to fabricate a completely enclosed serpentine channel with the length of 500mm and the width of 0.5mm in a 20mm x 10mm x 5mm block. This enclosed miniature internal structure fabrication is a unique accomplishment that is not easily achieved by any available AM technique. It offers potential applications such as fabricating columns for separation in gas chromatography and heat exchangers. Lastly, we employ BJP to print stainless steel parts (SS420) and sinter them in a reactive environment (e.g., oxygen), rendering the surfaces of the powder particles to be reacted and converted to electrically non-conducting ceramics (e.g., metal oxides). This metal/metal oxide hybrid structures exhibit several orders of magnitude higher electrical resistivity compared to the unreacted metal part. As a proof-of-the-concept demonstration, we have fabricated pin-fin-based miniature heating elements for rapid and energy-efficient heating and reaction applications.

Online resource;

Advisors/Committee Members: Kwon, Patrick, Yeom, Junghoon, Lillehoj, Peter, Nicholas, Jason.

Subjects/Keywords: Three-dimensional printing; Powder metallurgy; Steel powder – Industrial applications; Engineering; Binder jet printing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Do, T. T. (2018). New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques. (Thesis). Michigan State University. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19355

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Do, Truong Tho. “New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques.” 2018. Thesis, Michigan State University. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19355.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Do, Truong Tho. “New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques.” 2018. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Do TT. New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques. [Internet] [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19355.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Do TT. New approaches to improving structural integrity in binder jetting printing (BJP) process and developing advanced applications by combining BJP and powder metallurgy techniques. [Thesis]. Michigan State University; 2018. Available from: http://etd.lib.msu.edu/islandora/object/etd:19355

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Toronto

30. Asgarian, Ali. Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production.

Degree: PhD, 2020, University of Toronto

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103711

► Water atomization (WA) of a molten metal is a well-established and cost-effective industrial approach to producing low-reactive metal powders. However, WA powders are characterized by… (more)

▼ Water atomization (WA) of a molten metal is a well-established and cost-effective industrial approach to producing low-reactive metal powders. However, WA powders are characterized by a wide spread of particle size unsuitable for certain powder metallurgy applications. To address this limitation, this thesis examines some of the poorly understood fluid mechanics phenomena involved in WA, to develop fundamental knowledge that describes the relationships between the design and operating conditions of a water atomizer, and the particle size distribution (PSD) of the resulting powder. In the first part of the thesis, a flat fan water spray is studied by experiment and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The disintegration of a liquid sheet into a spray is examined, an optical technique to measure a multi-range droplet size distribution (DSD) in a developing spray is presented, and an enhanced model to quantify the momentum flux of a spray where it impinges a melt stream is proposed. The model suggests that the momentum flux of a spray, and thus the atomization capacity, increases with spray pressure and decreases with the travel distance of the spray from the nozzle to the impingement point and with the spray spreading angle. In the second part of the thesis, the above findings are examined via production of a low melting point alloy (Bi-42% Sn) powder using a laboratory-scale water atomizer that was designed and built for this work. The effects of various design and operating parameters, including water pressure, melt superheat, apex angle, and spray configuration on the mass median size (d50) and standard deviation (SD) of the powder PSD are investigated, and correlations proposed. These correlations can be used to control the size features of water atomized powders produced at industrial scale, by engineering various design and operating parameters, and thus expanding the market for water atomized powders. Advisors/Committee Members: Chattopadhyay, Kinnor, Bussmann, Markus, Materials Science and Engineering.

Subjects/Keywords: Computational Fluid Dynamics; Metal Additive Manufacturing; Metal Powder; Optical Imaging; Powder Metallurgy; Water Atomization; 0794

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Asgarian, A. (2020). Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Toronto. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103711

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Asgarian, Ali. “Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production.” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Toronto. Accessed March 01, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103711.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Asgarian, Ali. “Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production.” 2020. Web. 01 Mar 2021.

Vancouver:

Asgarian A. Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2020. [cited 2021 Mar 01]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103711.

Council of Science Editors:

Asgarian A. Physical and Mathematical Modeling of Water Atomization for Metal Powder Production. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Toronto; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1807/103711

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations