subject:(Pleistocene)

1. Marcott, Shaun Andrew. Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change.

Degree: PhD, Geology, 2011, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21129

► This dissertation presents results from three studies that address major scientific questions in glacial geology and paleoclimatology for the late Pleistocene and Holocene using relatively… (more)

▼ This dissertation presents results from three studies that address major scientific questions in glacial geology and paleoclimatology for the late Pleistocene and Holocene using relatively new geochemical and statistical techniques. Each of the studies attempts to answer a longstanding question in the respective field using geochemical or statistical methods that have not been applied to the problem thus far. A longstanding question in glaciology is the nature and mechanism of the so- called "Heinrich events" of the last ~60 ka. These massive iceberg discharge events into the North Atlantic from the partial breakup of the Laurentide Ice Sheet are identified from distinct ice rafted debris and detrital carbonate layers in marine sediment cores. The mechanism associated with the initiation of these events is commonly thought to be related to internal ice sheet instabilities. However, Heinrich events consistently occur following a long cooling trend that culminates in an extreme cold event, thus suggesting a possible triggering mechanism by climate. Recent modeling work has proposed an oceanic mechanism associated with ocean warming, but no physical evidence has been made available to date. To test this ocean-warming hypothesis, we measured temperature sensitive trace metals and stable isotopes in benthic foraminifera from a sediment core collected in the western North Atlantic that spans the last six Heinrich events and compared our results to climate model simulations using CCSM3. Our results show subsurface warming occurred prior to or coeval with nearly all of the Heinrich events of the last ~60 ka, thus implicating subsurface ocean warming as the main trigger of these rapid breakups of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. In the field of glacial geology a longstanding question has been the timing of alpine glacial advances during the Holocene. A number of studies have interpreted several Holocene glacial advances in western North America, but age control is based largely on relative dating techniques, which have been shown to be in error by up to 10,000 yrs in some cases. Based on 124 ¹⁰Be surface exposure ages from twenty cirque moraines in ten mountain ranges across western North America, glacier were retreating from moraine positions during the latest Pleistocene or earliest Holocene and not throughout the Holocene epoch as previously assumed, thus requiring a refined interpretation of Holocene glacial activity in western North America and the associated climate forcing. In the field of paleoclimatology a question regarding how global temperature varied over the entirety of the Holocene epoch has remained to be answered for some time. While many temperature reconstructions exist for the last 2000 years, a full Holocene temperature stack does not exist, despite its potential utility of putting modern climate change into a full interglacial perspective. Based on a global composite of 73 proxy based temperature record, a Holocene temperature stack was constructed and used to demonstrate that a general cooling of ~1°C… Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, Peter (advisor), Brook, Edward (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Pleistocene

…20! Late Pleistocene and Holocene Cirque Glaciation, western North America… …81! Appendix B – Late Pleistocene and Holocene Cirque Glaciation, western North America… …ignorance of experts. Richard P. Feynman Late Pleistocene and Holocene Glacier and Climate… …late Pleistocene and Holocene is reconstructed to provide insight into the spatial pattern of… …880. Licciardi, J. M. (2001). Chronology of latest Pleistocene lake-level…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Marcott, S. A. (2011). Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21129

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Marcott, Shaun Andrew. “Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21129.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Marcott, Shaun Andrew. “Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Marcott SA. Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21129.

Council of Science Editors:

Marcott SA. Late Pleistocene and Holocene glacier and climate change. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/21129

Oregon State University

2. Hoffman, Jeremy Scott. Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene.

Degree: PhD, Geology, 2016, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59877

► This dissertation explores one overarching question relevant to the paleoclimate of the latest Pleistocene glacial cycle (approximately the last 130,000 years): “How did spatial and… (more)

▼ This dissertation explores one overarching question relevant to the paleoclimate of the latest Pleistocene glacial cycle (approximately the last 130,000 years): “How did spatial and temporal evolution of ocean temperature, both at the surface and interior, relate to other parts of the climate system in the late Pleistocene?” Results from three studies are presented that seek to address longstanding questions in paleoceanography and paleoclimatology for the late Pleistocene using a combination of novel and accepted statistical and geochemical analysis techniques and leveraging comparisons with available global climate model data. The last interglaciation (LIG; ~129-116 ka) was the most recent period in Earth’s history with higher-than-present global sea level (≥6-9 m) under similar-to-preindustrial concentrations of atmospheric CO₂. This suggests that additional feedbacks related to albedo, insolation, and ocean overturning circulation may have resulted in the apparent warming required to cause the higher sea level. Our understanding of how much warmer the LIG was relative to the present interglaciation remains uncertain, however, with current estimates suggesting that sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) were 0-2°C warmer than late-20th century average global temperatures. We present a global compilation of proxy-based annual SST spanning the LIG. Using Monte Carlo and Bayesian techniques to propagate uncertainties in age-model and proxy-based SST reconstructions, our results quantify the spatial timing, amplitude, and uncertainty in global and regional SST change during the LIG. Our conclusions suggest that the LIG surface ocean was indistinguishable from the average surface ocean temperatures observed for the last two decades (1995-2014). This may ultimately imply that the Earth is currently committed to ≥6-9m of equilibrium sea-level rise. Although the LIG is not an analogue for present and future climate change due to the large differences in seasonal orbital insolation and absence of anthropogenic greenhouse gas radiative forcing, it provides an opportunity to test the ability of global climate models to simulate the mechanisms and climate feedbacks responsible for the warmer climate and higher global mean sea level during the LIG. However, when forced only by LIG greenhouse gas concentrations and insolation changes, climate models suggest that the annual mean temperature response was not significantly different from preindustrial control simulations. We present the first multi-model and multiscenario ensemble of transient and equilibrium global climate modeling results spanning the LIG. We show, using a novel model-data comparison framework, that these scenario-specific model results exhibit regionally independent agreement with ocean basin-specific proxy-based SST stacks. This result ultimately implies structural uncertainties and/or misrepresentations of climate feedbacks in the existing suite of climate model simulations, or underestimations of additional proxy-based SST… Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, Peter (advisor), Carlson, Anders (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Climate; Paleoclimatology – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hoffman, J. S. (2016). Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59877

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hoffman, Jeremy Scott. “Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59877.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hoffman, Jeremy Scott. “Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hoffman JS. Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59877.

Council of Science Editors:

Hoffman JS. Ocean Temperature Variability during the Late Pleistocene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/59877

Texas A&M University

3. Critides, Lindsay Kersten. The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island.

Degree: MS, Oceanography, 2019, Texas A&M University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187596

► The objective of this study was to determine if the antecedent Pleistocene topography influenced the geomorphic features and evolution of Galveston Island and West Galveston… (more)

▼ The objective of this study was to determine if the antecedent Pleistocene topography influenced the geomorphic features and evolution of Galveston Island and West Galveston Bay (WGB). Antecedent Pleistocene topographic features were identified by mapping the Pleistocene/Holocene unconformity within WGB using high resolution marine geophysics and sediment cores. This study found three incised-valleys that extend beneath Galveston Island, from east to west: 1) Highland Bayou Incised-Valley, 2) Carancahua Incised Valley and Eastern Halls Bayou Incised-Valley, and 3) Western Halls Bayou Incised-Valley and Chocolate Bayou Incised-Valley. The accommodation space created by the valleys acted as an obstacle the island had to overcome, filling with sediment as it grew westward. The incised-valleys reside beneath the island exhibiting unique geomorphic features (frequency of storm surge channels, embayment size, presence of beach ridges and overwash) generally not found on the island not underlain by incised-valleys. The Pleistocene surface contains Deweyville Terraces (−9 m and −9.5 m), providing evidence the incised-valleys formed in conjecture with the Trinity River Incised-Valley. The measured shear strength of Beaumont Formation sediment was 5-17.5 times higher than the Holocene fill. The Beaumont Formation is indurated and extremely resistant to erosion, whereas the Holocene fill is relatively uncompacted and highly susceptible to erosion. As a result, the Holocene filled valleys undergo differential compaction, causing enhanced subsidence, making them geotechnically weak zones and susceptible to the formation of storm surge channels and embayments. The initial formation of storm surge channels along the bay shoreline of Galveston Island began concomitant with the initial formation of Galveston Island, when it was in a narrower, regressive phase where overwash and breaching were common. The island width reached a critical threshold where breaching was no longer possible, increasing to a width of 1,200 m around 3,300 yBP. This is discerned by beach ridges of this age that have never been breached by overwash channels. The PBR flowed through the western half of WGB from 4,000-6,000 yBP, but Carancahua Reef provided a barrier preventing it from flowing into the eastern half of WGB. After the PBR changed course, its sediment ceased to be deposited in WGB. Advisors/Committee Members: Dellpenna, Timothy (advisor), Figlus, Jens (committee member), Slowey, Niall (committee member), van Hengstum, Pete (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Pleistocene; incised-valleys

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APA (6^th Edition):

Critides, L. K. (2019). The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187596

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Critides, Lindsay Kersten. “The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187596.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Critides, Lindsay Kersten. “The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Critides LK. The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187596.

Council of Science Editors:

Critides LK. The Potential Influence of the Antecedent Topography on the Northern Bay Shoreline of Galveston Island. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/187596

Oregon State University

4. Templeton, Bonnie Carolyn. The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits.

Degree: PhD, Botany and Plant Pathology, 1964, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4535

► More than 4,000 specimens of fruits and seeds were extracted from the matrix removed from inside the skulls of sabre-tooth cats excavated from various pits… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Paleobotany – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Templeton, B. C. (1964). The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4535

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Templeton, Bonnie Carolyn. “The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits.” 1964. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4535.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Templeton, Bonnie Carolyn. “The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits.” 1964. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Templeton BC. The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1964. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4535.

Council of Science Editors:

Templeton BC. The fruits and seeds of the Rancho La Brea Pleistocene deposits. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 1964. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/4535

Royal Holloway, University of London

5. Pappa, Spyridoula. Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry.

Degree: PhD, 2016, Royal Holloway, University of London

URL: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/palaeoecology-and-palaeodiet-reconstructing-adaptations-in-the-middle-and-late-pleistocene-ursidae-through-dental-microwear-and-geochemistry(0f84d614-8a5d-4403-b54e-ce9e74d349ec).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792496

► Large carnivores are of particular relevance to our understanding of the impact of palaeoclimatic changes on the contemporary fauna, since they occupied a wide range… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Palaeodiet; Ursidae; microwear; Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pappa, S. (2016). Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry. (Doctoral Dissertation). Royal Holloway, University of London. Retrieved from https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/palaeoecology-and-palaeodiet-reconstructing-adaptations-in-the-middle-and-late-pleistocene-ursidae-through-dental-microwear-and-geochemistry(0f84d614-8a5d-4403-b54e-ce9e74d349ec).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792496

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pappa, Spyridoula. “Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Royal Holloway, University of London. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/palaeoecology-and-palaeodiet-reconstructing-adaptations-in-the-middle-and-late-pleistocene-ursidae-through-dental-microwear-and-geochemistry(0f84d614-8a5d-4403-b54e-ce9e74d349ec).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792496.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pappa, Spyridoula. “Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pappa S. Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/palaeoecology-and-palaeodiet-reconstructing-adaptations-in-the-middle-and-late-pleistocene-ursidae-through-dental-microwear-and-geochemistry(0f84d614-8a5d-4403-b54e-ce9e74d349ec).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792496.

Council of Science Editors:

Pappa S. Palaeoecology and palaeodiet : reconstructing adaptations in the Middle and Late Pleistocene Ursidae through dental microwear and geochemistry. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Royal Holloway, University of London; 2016. Available from: https://pure.royalholloway.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/palaeoecology-and-palaeodiet-reconstructing-adaptations-in-the-middle-and-late-pleistocene-ursidae-through-dental-microwear-and-geochemistry(0f84d614-8a5d-4403-b54e-ce9e74d349ec).html ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.792496

University of Ottawa

6. Liedtke, Mercedes. Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba .

Degree: 2020, University of Ottawa

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40649

► A stalagmite was collected in the Salón de la Permencia of the Majaguas Cave, that is a part of the Majaguas-Cantera Cave System in Cuba.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Pleistocene; Precipitation; Stable Isotopes; Stalagmite

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APA (6^th Edition):

Liedtke, M. (2020). Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba . (Thesis). University of Ottawa. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Liedtke, Mercedes. “Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba .” 2020. Thesis, University of Ottawa. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Liedtke, Mercedes. “Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba .” 2020. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Liedtke M. Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40649.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Liedtke M. Pleistocene Precipitation Changes Using O and C Isotopes on a Speleothem from the Majuanas Cave System, Cuba . [Thesis]. University of Ottawa; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10393/40649

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

7. Punke, Michele Leigh. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon.

Degree: PhD, Geography, 2005, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9033

► This study illustrates geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental approaches to the investigation of an active margin coastal setting and provides examples of how information gleaned through examination… (more)

▼ This study illustrates geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental approaches to the investigation of an active margin coastal setting and provides examples of how information gleaned through examination of the stratigraphic record can reveal depositional signatures that provide insights into the geomorphic and tectonic forces active within coastal river basins. Three case studies from the southern Oregon coast illustrate the complex relationship between tectonics and geomorphic processes along an active margin coast such as Oregon's Cascadia subduction zone. This work illustrates that the differential preservation of late Pleistocene-age terrestrial deposits in Oregon's coastal landscape, and the early cultural sites they may contain, is not random but can be closely related to larger tectonogeomorphic processes operating at local and regional scales. Detailed subsurface investigation of one case study site, the lower Sixes River valley, reveals a complex history of depositional environment evolution in relation to geomorphic and tectonic forces. Litho- and biostratigraphic data sets are used to develop a depositional environment reconstruction for the lower Sixes River site through time. This reconstruction of the depositional environment from the late Pleistocene to the present indicates a transgressive evolution that differs from models of transgressive coastal facies and from other studied Northwest coast estuarine life histories. Factors such as eustatic sea level rise, regional and local tectonic alteration of the landscape, sediment supply, or valley morphology may have played roles in the creation and preservation of this atypical depositional sequence. Litho- and biostratigraphic evidence of six Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes younger than 6200 cal yr BP is recorded in a long sediment core from the Sixes River valley. All six of these events correlate with events previously reported for the area by Kelsey et al. (2002). At least five additional plate boundary earthquakes lowered tidal marshes and freshwater wetlands prior to 6200 cal yr BP. The presence within the lower Sixes River valley of an intertidal environment capable of recording Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes dating to the late Pleistocene and early Holocene has not been found at any other location on the Northwest coast. Advisors/Committee Members: Jones, Julia A. (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Paleogeography – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Punke, M. L. (2005). Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9033

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Punke, Michele Leigh. “Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9033.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Punke, Michele Leigh. “Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon.” 2005. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Punke ML. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2005. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9033.

Council of Science Editors:

Punke ML. Paleoenvironmental reconstruction of an active margin coast from the Pleistocene to the present : examples from southwestern Oregon. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9033

8. Bridle, Anne. The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of the West of England, Bristol

URL: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/941769 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629337

► This study constitutes the first reconstruction of Pleistocene palaeoenvironmental change from the Gordano Valley, a low-lying valley marginal to the Severn Estuary in southwest England.… (more)

▼ This study constitutes the first reconstruction of Pleistocene palaeoenvironmental change from the Gordano Valley, a low-lying valley marginal to the Severn Estuary in southwest England. The valley lies at the limit of Pleistocene glacial expansion and the threshold of terrestrial, marine and fluvial environments. An axial alignment opposite to that of the Severn Estuary provides a regionally unique preservational environment for valley floor Pleistocene sediments. These sediments potentially contain an important archive of palaeoenvironmental information yet they have received limited attention from previous researchers. Data from 489 manual cores are used to determine the aerial extent, surface morphology and geometry of the uppermost minerogenic sediments. These reveal a patchwork of sands, silts and gravels with a hummocky surface topography and a central basin or channel. Stratigraphic, sedimentological and palaeontological analysis of eight percussion cores reveals thinly bedded, very poorly sorted gravel, silt and sand units with an altitude range of c. -2.5 to +3 m OD. Two units record abundant temperate freshwater and intertidal fossil material. Using a multi-faceted methodology, detailed analysis of relatively small volumes of material from core samples of the Gordano Valley’s minerogenic sediment archive has identified complex sequences of depositional and post-depositional environmental change. The sediments are characterised as representing a range of Pleistocene palaeohydrological environments interspersed with a number of periods of non-deposition, and involving a number of processes (aeolian, colluvial, pedogenetic, various fluvial, intertidal). Radiocarbon and optically stimulated luminescence dating and amino acid geochronology indicate Mid-to-Late Pleistocene deposition. A revised model of the Pleistocene Gordano Valley, presented here, suggests a landscape in which alluvial fans formed close to the valley margins and freshwater streams and interconnected pools which were open to tidal influence formed along the valley axis. The elevation of intertidal deposits appears to provide terrestrial validation for a low late-MIS 7 sea-level, in terms of known global sea-level, without recourse to a regional uplift model. This thesis has demonstrated the potential to produce high-resolution reconstructions of environmental change from relatively small volumes of material, contributing an enhanced geochronology of landscape response to Mid-to-Late Pleistocene climate change in the Bristol Channel/Severn Estuary region that has wider national importance in the context of coastal lowlands.

Subjects/Keywords: 500; pleistocene; environmental reconstruction; palaeoenvironments

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APA (6^th Edition):

Bridle, A. (2012). The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of the West of England, Bristol. Retrieved from https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/941769 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629337

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bridle, Anne. “The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of the West of England, Bristol. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/941769 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629337.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bridle, Anne. “The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bridle A. The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of the West of England, Bristol; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/941769 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629337.

Council of Science Editors:

Bridle A. The mid-to-late Pleistocene palaeoenvironments of the Gordano Valley, North Somerset. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of the West of England, Bristol; 2012. Available from: https://uwe-repository.worktribe.com/output/941769 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629337

University of Manchester

9. Adamson, Kathryn. The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation.

Degree: 2012, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:183799

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Fluvial morphosedimentary records surrounding the Orjen massif, western Montenegro, have been studied to investigate the response of Mediterranean river systems to Pleistocene glaciation. A range… (more)

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Fluvial morphosedimentary records surrounding the Orjen massif, western Montenegro, have been studied to investigate the response of Mediterranean river systems to Pleistocene glaciation. A range of depositional contexts, across 12 sites, have been analysed, including: terraced alluvial valley fills, poljes and alluvial fans. These sites include both ice marginal contexts and more distal locations. It can be argued that these settings are broadly representative of the depositional environments found within glaciated upland catchments across the Mediterranean, and especially those in limestone landscapes. The timing of fluvial activity has been constrained using detailed stratigraphical analysis, 35 U-series dates, calcite micromorphology, and soil profile analysis. The fluvial record is fragmentary but is in good agreement with the Pleistocene glacial history of the Orjen massif, developed by Hughes et al. (2010).Two main phases of Pleistocene fluvial sedimentation have been identified in the morphosedimentary record. The most extensive phase of fluvialaggradation is correlated to MIS 12 (Kotorska-Sušica Member) and is characterised by the infilling of large depocentres beyond the maximum MIS 12 ice margins. These deposits dominate the fluvial record. The next recorded phase of fluvial deposition is correlated to MIS 6 (Krivošije Member) and contains only limited evidence of fluvial activity. No morphosedimentary evidence for fluvial deposition in MIS 5d-2 has yet been observed in the study area. An analysis of published studies shows that the Pleistocene glacial and fluvial archives are highly fragmentary across the Mediterranean basin. The limestone karst terrain of Mount Orjen has exerted an important influence on sediment delivery and the meltwater pathways draining the Orjen ice cap over successive glacial cycles. Evidence suggests that, since MIS 12, sediment supply to the fluvial system has declined in accord with the decreasing magnitude of glaciation and subterranean karst flows havebecome increasingly dominant over surface flows. As ice volume and extent decreased in the cold stages following MIS 12, the Pleistocene glacial and surface fluvial systems became progressively decoupled. Two types of surface meltwater routes operated during MIS 12: Type 1 – steep sided limestone bedrock gorges; and Type 2 - alluvial channels draining directly from the ice margin. These contrasting pathways are associated with distinctive sedimentological signatures both at the macro-scale and within the fine (<63µm) matrix fraction This study provides one of the first attempts to directly correlate Pleistocene glacial and fluvial records – and to consider the process interactions – in a range of depositional contexts at the landscape scale.

A supplementary data disc containing Appendices D and E have been submitted with the hard copy. These appendices contain all raw sedimentological data used within the thesis.

Subjects/Keywords: Pleistocene; Mediterranean; Fluvial; Glacial

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Adamson, K. (2012). The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:183799

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adamson, Kathryn. “The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:183799.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adamson, Kathryn. “The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Adamson K. The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:183799.

Council of Science Editors:

Adamson K. The Response of Mediterranean River Basins to Pleistocene Glaciation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:183799

10. van Heteren, Anna Helena. Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Roehampton

URL: https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/masticatory-adaptations-of-extant-and-extinct-ursidae(a636d685-de0b-43f8-8438-7ef0e5c2a9f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564459

► The diet of Pleistocene cave bears (Ursus spelaeus, U. deningeri) is debated extensively. Traditionally, cave bears were thought to be herbivorous, but more recent studies… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 599.7815; Pleistocene; cave bears; diet

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

van Heteren, A. H. (2012). Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Roehampton. Retrieved from https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/masticatory-adaptations-of-extant-and-extinct-ursidae(a636d685-de0b-43f8-8438-7ef0e5c2a9f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564459

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

van Heteren, Anna Helena. “Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Roehampton. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/masticatory-adaptations-of-extant-and-extinct-ursidae(a636d685-de0b-43f8-8438-7ef0e5c2a9f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564459.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

van Heteren, Anna Helena. “Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

van Heteren AH. Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Roehampton; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/masticatory-adaptations-of-extant-and-extinct-ursidae(a636d685-de0b-43f8-8438-7ef0e5c2a9f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564459.

Council of Science Editors:

van Heteren AH. Masticatory adaptations of extant and extinct Ursidae : an assessment using three-dimensional geometric morphometrics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Roehampton; 2012. Available from: https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/masticatory-adaptations-of-extant-and-extinct-ursidae(a636d685-de0b-43f8-8438-7ef0e5c2a9f6).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.564459

University of Manchester

11. Adamson, Kathryn. The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation.

Degree: PhD, 2012, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-response-of-mediterranean-river-basins-to-pleistocene-glaciation(d85806cf-24bf-4e06-81ca-7f2f83bcd00c).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632153

► Fluvial morphosedimentary records surrounding the Orjen massif, western Montenegro, have been studied to investigate the response of Mediterranean river systems to Pleistocene glaciation. A range… (more)

▼ Fluvial morphosedimentary records surrounding the Orjen massif, western Montenegro, have been studied to investigate the response of Mediterranean river systems to Pleistocene glaciation. A range of depositional contexts, across 12 sites, have been analysed, including: terraced alluvial valley fills, poljes and alluvial fans. These sites include both ice marginal contexts and more distal locations. It can be argued that these settings are broadly representative of the depositional environments found within glaciated upland catchments across the Mediterranean, and especially those in limestone landscapes. The timing of fluvial activity has been constrained using detailed stratigraphical analysis, 35 U-series dates, calcite micromorphology, and soil profile analysis. The fluvial record is fragmentary but is in good agreement with the Pleistocene glacial history of the Orjen massif, developed by Hughes et al. (2010).Two main phases of Pleistocene fluvial sedimentation have been identified in the morphosedimentary record. The most extensive phase of fluvial aggradation is correlated to MIS 12 (Kotorska-Sušica Member) and is characterised by the infilling of large depocentres beyond the maximum MIS 12 ice margins. These deposits dominate the fluvial record. The next recorded phase of fluvial deposition is correlated to MIS 6 (Krivošije Member) and contains only limited evidence of fluvial activity. No morphosedimentary evidence for fluvial deposition in MIS 5d-2 has yet been observed in the study area. An analysis of published studies shows that the Pleistocene glacial and fluvial archives are highly fragmentary across the Mediterranean basin. The limestone karst terrain of Mount Orjen has exerted an important influence on sediment delivery and the meltwater pathways draining the Orjen ice cap over successive glacial cycles. Evidence suggests that, since MIS 12, sediment supply to the fluvial system has declined in accord with the decreasing magnitude of glaciation and subterranean karst flows havebecome increasingly dominant over surface flows. As ice volume and extent decreased in the cold stages following MIS 12, the Pleistocene glacial and surface fluvial systems became progressively decoupled. Two types of surface meltwater routes operated during MIS 12: Type 1 – steep sided limestone bedrock gorges; and Type 2 - alluvial channels draining directly from the ice margin. These contrasting pathways are associated with distinctive sedimentological signatures both at the macro-scale and within the fine (<63µm) matrix fraction This study provides one of the first attempts to directly correlate Pleistocene glacial and fluvial records – and to consider the process interactions – in a range of depositional contexts at the landscape scale.

Subjects/Keywords: 551.31; Pleistocene; Mediterranean; Fluvial; Glacial

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Adamson, K. (2012). The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-response-of-mediterranean-river-basins-to-pleistocene-glaciation(d85806cf-24bf-4e06-81ca-7f2f83bcd00c).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632153

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adamson, Kathryn. “The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-response-of-mediterranean-river-basins-to-pleistocene-glaciation(d85806cf-24bf-4e06-81ca-7f2f83bcd00c).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632153.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adamson, Kathryn. “The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Adamson K. The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-response-of-mediterranean-river-basins-to-pleistocene-glaciation(d85806cf-24bf-4e06-81ca-7f2f83bcd00c).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632153.

Council of Science Editors:

Adamson K. The response of Mediterranean river basins to Pleistocene glaciation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2012. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-response-of-mediterranean-river-basins-to-pleistocene-glaciation(d85806cf-24bf-4e06-81ca-7f2f83bcd00c).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.632153

Rice University

12. Siegel, Jacob. Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods.

Degree: PhD, Natural Sciences, 2013, Rice University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/77523

► The continental shelf offshore Massachusetts, USA experienced repeated glaciations throughout the late Pleistocene that emplaced freshwater and generated overpressure in the shelf sediments that still… (more)

▼ The continental shelf offshore Massachusetts, USA experienced repeated glaciations throughout the late Pleistocene that emplaced freshwater and generated overpressure in the shelf sediments that still remains offshore. To show this, I processed and interpreted high-resolution, multi-channel seismic data that was collected offshore Massachusetts to infer the glacial history and to incorporate the glacial history into numerical modeling. Interpretations of the seismic data reveal the shelf stratigraphy and the location of a late Pleistocene (Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 12) ice sheet. The ice sheet extended 100 km farther onto the shelf compared to the Laurentide ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It also contained an ice stream that was likely sourced from the Gulf of Maine. I show that the late Pleistocene ice sheet influenced the shelf hydrogeology by generating overpressure and emplacing freshwater into the shelf sediments. Overpressure is modeled in 1D from high-resolution, full-waveform inversion p-wave velocities obtained from the seismic data and from a finite-difference fluid flow model that accounts for sedimentation and ice sheet loading. The results demonstrate how loading from the late Pleistocene ice sheet caused focused fluid flow that created localized zones of overpressure nearly 1-2 MPa in offshore sediments. Freshwater emplacement into shelf sediments is estimated with a finite-element, variable-density model of fluid flow and heat and solute transport that accounts for ice-sheet loading and sea-level change. The model helps explain how the late Pleistocene ice sheet emplaced nearly 100 km3 of freshwater into the sediments. Our results thus integrate seismic interpretations of ice sheet history with numerical techniques of fluid flow modeling to show how the past glacial history influenced the present freshwater distribution. Advisors/Committee Members: Dugan, Brandon (advisor), Gonnermann, Helge M. (committee member), Anderson, John B. (committee member), Bedient, Philip B. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Geophysics; Hydrogeology; Pleistocene; Glaciations

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Siegel, J. (2013). Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rice University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1911/77523

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Siegel, Jacob. “Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, Rice University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/77523.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Siegel, Jacob. “Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods.” 2013. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Siegel J. Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rice University; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/77523.

Council of Science Editors:

Siegel J. Evolution of Glacially Derived Freshwater and Overpressure in the Massachusetts Shelf: An Integration of Geophysical and Numerical Methods. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rice University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1911/77523

Victoria University of Wellington

13. Al'bot, Olga. Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica.

Degree: 2016, Victoria University of Wellington

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/6576

► This thesis investigates glacimarine sedimentation processes operating on the continental margin of the western Ross Sea during the Pleistocene (˜2.5 Ma). This time period is… (more)

▼ This thesis investigates glacimarine sedimentation processes operating on the continental margin of the western Ross Sea during the Pleistocene (˜2.5 Ma). This time period is characterised by a major global cooling step at ˜0.8 Ma, although several proposed episodes of major marine-based Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) retreat in warm interglacial periods are inferred to have occurred after this time. Constraining the timing and magnitude of past marine-based AIS retreat events in the Ross Sea through this time will improve our understanding of the forcing mechanisms and thresholds that drive marine-based ice sheet retreat. Identifying such mechanisms and thresholds is crucial for assisting predictive models of potential ice sheet collapse in a future world with rapidly rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentrations. Six sedimentary cores forming a north-to-south transect from the continental rise to the abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea were examined in order to identify potential sedimentary signatures of past marine-based ice sheet variability and associated oceanographic change. A lithofacies scheme and stratigraphic framework were developed, which allowed the identification of shifting sedimentary processes through time. The sediments are interpreted to have been deposited primarily under the influence of bottom currents, most likely from changing rates of dense Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW) formation over glacial-interglacial cycles. Two dominant lithofacies (laminated and bioturbated) are recognised in the Pleistocene contourite sequences. Laminated facies alongside reduced ice-rafted debris (IRD) fluxes and reduced biological productivity are interpreted to represent expanded ice sheet and sea ice margins during glacial conditions, which acted to restrict surface water ventilation resulting in less oxygenated bottom waters. Conversely, laminated facies alongside reduced IRD fluxes and increased productivity are inferred to represent a reduction of ice shelf and sea ice cover resulting in enhanced AABW formation and sediment delivery. In general, it is interpreted that bioturbated facies in combination with enhanced productivity are common during interglacial conditions, with peaks in IRD associated with ice sheet retreat events leading into interglacial conditions. However, the relationships between laminated and bioturbated facies vary between sites, and facies at most sites generally alternate on timescales exceeding that of individual glacial-interglacial cycles (<100 kyr). Nonetheless, there are clear baseline shifts in the facies distributions through time across the sites, and it is inferred these represent step-like shifts in the ice sheet volume and sea ice processes on the continental shelf and above the study sites during the Pleistocene. This thesis also assesses and compares three independent methodologies of obtaining IRD mass accumulation rates (MARs). The three methodologies include counting clasts >2 mm in x-ray images, the sieved weight percentage of the medium-to-coarse sand… Advisors/Committee Members: McKay, Robert, Dunbar, Gavin.

Subjects/Keywords: Pleistocene; Cyclostratigraphy; Ross Sea; Antarctica

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Al'bot, O. (2016). Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. (Masters Thesis). Victoria University of Wellington. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10063/6576

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Al'bot, Olga. “Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Victoria University of Wellington. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/6576.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Al'bot, Olga. “Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Al'bot O. Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/6576.

Council of Science Editors:

Al'bot O. Pleistocene cyclostratigraphy on the continental rise and abyssal plain of the western Ross Sea, Antarctica. [Masters Thesis]. Victoria University of Wellington; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10063/6576

University of Minnesota

14. Nissen, Julia. High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota.

Degree: MS, Earth Sciences, 2018, University of Minnesota

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/195378

► Understanding how the Earth's oceanic and atmospheric systems responded to abrupt climatic forcings in the past is crucial in determining potential effects of anthropogenic climate… (more)

▼ Understanding how the Earth's oceanic and atmospheric systems responded to abrupt climatic forcings in the past is crucial in determining potential effects of anthropogenic climate change. This is of particular importance in the mid-continental United States, an agricultural hub that produces much of the world's corn and soybeans. High resolution paleorecords in the region remain sparse, restricting the predictability of global climate models and limiting our knowledge of atmospheric teleconnections across North America. This study analyses the growth and stable isotopic concentration of late Pleistocene speleothem samples from Spring Valley Caverns, located in SE Minnesota. Timing of growth for six samples was determined using 230Th dating and confocal microscopy, recording ages between 114 - 29 ky BP. This places all sample growth within the last glacial period. Sample growth largely correlates with warm conditions in the North Atlantic, indicating elevated temperature and moisture availability. Growth during MIS4 may be due to enhanced anti-cyclonic activity over the Laurentide Ice Sheet, resulting in anomalous southerly moisture transport. High resolution stable isotope analysis was completed for two samples, showing both long term trends and short term variability. Samples show a steady decrease in d13C values from 104 - 29 ky BP, suggesting a transition from C4 to C3 dominated ecosystems consistent with global cooling. However, d18O values climb steadily throughout this period. This is indicative of drier conditions and an increase in Gulf of Mexico sourced moisture in the region. Short term variability from 64 - 44 ky BP shows impressive correlation to global paleorecords. North Atlantic cold events are shown as an increase in d18O values, and North Atlantic warm events as a decrease d18O values. As d18O and d13C generally covary during this period, elevated d18O values suggest regional aridity. The transport of Gulf of Mexico summer moisture into the region appears significantly susceptible to changes in North Atlantic climate, most likely through large scale atmospheric systems such as the North Atlantic Oscillation and Pacific-North America teleconnection. The results of these records agree with a previous study of Spring Valley Caverns from the Holocene (Dasgupta, 2008). This signifies that large scale dynamics present during the last glacial period continue to affect regional climate, and thus these results may prove useful not only in improving our understanding of abrupt climate events during the late Pleistocene but in predicting impacts on the region from anthropogenic warming.

Subjects/Keywords: Minnesota; paleoclimate; Pleistocene; speleothem

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Nissen, J. (2018). High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota. (Masters Thesis). University of Minnesota. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11299/195378

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nissen, Julia. “High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota.” 2018. Masters Thesis, University of Minnesota. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11299/195378.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nissen, Julia. “High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota.” 2018. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Nissen J. High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/195378.

Council of Science Editors:

Nissen J. High-resolution speleothem record of climate variability during the late Pleistocene from Spring Valley Caverns, Minnesota. [Masters Thesis]. University of Minnesota; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11299/195378

University of Edinburgh

15. Bell, David Benjamin. Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene.

Degree: PhD, 2014, University of Edinburgh

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16468

► The transition from the warm, “greenhouse” conditions of the Pliocene to the cold, “icehouse” conditions of the Pleistocene marks a significant development in climate history.… (more)

▼ The transition from the warm, “greenhouse” conditions of the Pliocene to the cold, “icehouse” conditions of the Pleistocene marks a significant development in climate history. The deep-ocean is the largest dynamic reservoir of heat and carbon dioxide in the climate system that is accessible on timescales of Plio-Pleistocene climate change. Therefore, changes in the state of the deep-ocean may have played an important role in large scale Plio-Pleistocene climate change via variability in the meridional overturning circulation of the Atlantic (AMOC). In this thesis, paleoceanographic reconstructions of Plio-Pleistocene Atlantic deep-water circulation are presented from the perspective of Ocean Drilling Program Sites 1264 (2505m depth) & 1267 (4350m depth), situated at ~30oS in the Southeast Atlantic. Reconstructions are based on high-resolution (~<5,000 year time-step), down-core measurements of oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) stable isotope ratios in benthic foraminifera. During the Pliocene, widespread high δ13C values in the Atlantic and at Sites 1264 & 1267 indicate low nutrient conditions and active deep-water renewal. The early Pliocene closure of the Central American Seaway (CAS) (~4.7-4.2 Ma) is considered to have been influential in establishing strong deep-water formation in the North Atlantic. Evaluation of δ13O and δ13C records from Site 1264 and throughout the North Atlantic, however, indicate that the CAS closure event had only a limited impact outside of the Caribbean Basin. Meanwhile, during the interval ~3.6-2.7 Ma, δ13C-gradients between Sites 1264-1267 are near zero and suggest strong North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) prevalence in the Southeast Atlantic, similar to or stronger than the modern situation. The transition into Pleistocene style glacial-interglacial cycles at ~2.7 Ma is associated with a reduction of NADW prevalence in the Atlantic, particularly during glacials and at depth. At ~2.4 Ma, δ18O and δ13C records from Sites 1264 & 1267 reveal marked changes in deep-water circulation. Large (>0.5‰) δ18O-gradients emerge, with heaviest values seen at Sites 1264 & 1267 compared to records from the North Atlantic. At the same time, δ13C values increase at Sites 1264 & 1267. The combination of high δ18O and δ13C values at Sites 1264 & 1267 is consistent with enhanced export of a dense component of NADW that enters the Atlantic from the Nordic Seas by spilling over the Iceland-Scotland Ridge. Comparisons with other North Atlantic records suggest that the pathway of Iceland-Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW) was restricted, flowing along the abyssal East Atlantic and piling up at Walvis Ridge. Between ~2.0-1.5 Ma, maximum δ13C values and minimum δ13Cgradients within the North Atlantic and between the North Atlantic and Sites 1264 & 1267 indicate that the overall export of NADW was strongest for the Pleistocene. After ~1.5 Ma, Atlantic δ18O-gradients begin to reduce, along with δ13C values, although δ13C-gradients still imply strong NADW export. Starting at ~1.3 Ma and across the Mid Pleistocene…

Subjects/Keywords: 551.46; palaeocoeanography; Pliocene; Pleistocene

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bell, D. B. (2014). Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Edinburgh. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16468

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bell, David Benjamin. “Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16468.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bell, David Benjamin. “Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Bell DB. Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16468.

Council of Science Editors:

Bell DB. Onset of the Icehouse World : Atlantic deep-water circulation during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Edinburgh; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16468

Rutgers University

16. Elmore, Aurora Cassandra, 1981. Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift.

Degree: PhD, Geological Sciences, 2009, Rutgers University

URL: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342

►

This dissertation reconstructs late Pleistocene oceanic circulation variability within the North Atlantic, a critical region of deep-water formation, using proxies that reconstruct surface and deepwater… (more)

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This dissertation reconstructs late Pleistocene oceanic circulation variability within the North Atlantic, a critical region of deep-water formation, using proxies that reconstruct surface and deepwater changes. Unlike other studies that examine North Atlantic circulation as a whole, my study focuses on changes in Iceland Scotland Overflow Water (ISOW), one of the largest contributors to Northern Component Water (NCW). Each NCW component reflects the regional climate within its formation region; thus, different climates may produce different deepwater states by changing the relative contribution from each component. Southern Gardar Drift is bathed by ISOW, thus the accumulating sediments are ideal for examining ISOW. A high-resolution record of the Younger Dryas cold event provides an analog for abrupt climate events. The benthic foraminiferal δ13C record from core 11JPC (2707m) on Gardar Drift reveals NCW shoaled during the early and late Younger Dryas. These reductions are coincident with increased meltwater from Northern Hemisphere ice sheets, linking surface freshening to NCW production changes on short-timescales. On longer time-scales, benthic foraminiferal δ13C records from Gardar Drift show ISOW density was paced by northern high-latitude summer insolation, particularly within the precessional band. Uniform benthic foraminiferal δ13C values on Gardar Drift indicate that the mixing zone between NCW and Southern Component Water (SCW) was positioned to the south of Gardar Drift during interglacial periods. Conversely a large north-south gradient in benthic foraminiferal δ13C values during glacial periods indicates that ISOW shoaled, allowing SCW to bathe southern Gardar Drift. High-frequency ISOW variability caused by surface freshening during intermediate climate states is superimposed on the orbitally paced variations. A study of the trace metal compositions in Krithe carapaces found in core top samples demonstrates that calcification temperature is the dominant control on magnesium incorporation. Carbonate ion concentration is a secondary control on magnesium to calcium (Mg/Ca) ratios at low temperatures (<3°C). Correcting for carbonate ion effects results in a linear paleotemperature equation with higher temperature sensitivity in the lower temperature range than previously published equations. This study indicates that Krithe magnesium to calcium ratios are reliable in reconstructing paleotemperatures.

Advisors/Committee Members: Elmore, Aurora Cassandra, 1981 (author), Wright, James (chair), Rosenthal, Yair (internal member), Miller, Kenneth (internal member), Mountain, Gregory (internal member), McManus, Jerry (outside member).

Subjects/Keywords: Paleoclimatology – Pleistocene; Ocean circulation – Pleistocene; Geology, Stratigraphic – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Elmore, Aurora Cassandra, 1. (2009). Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift. (Doctoral Dissertation). Rutgers University. Retrieved from http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Elmore, Aurora Cassandra, 1981. “Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift.” 2009. Doctoral Dissertation, Rutgers University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Elmore, Aurora Cassandra, 1981. “Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift.” 2009. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Elmore, Aurora Cassandra 1. Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342.

Council of Science Editors:

Elmore, Aurora Cassandra 1. Late Pleistocene changes in northern component water: inferences from geochemical and sedimentological records from Gardar Drift. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Rutgers University; 2009. Available from: http://hdl.rutgers.edu/1782.2/rucore10001600001.ETD.000051342

NSYSU

17. Chou, Shih-Yin. Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis.

Degree: Master, Biological Sciences, 2014, NSYSU

URL: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0112114-144609

► Speciation is an important issue in evolutionary biology and species complex is a good model to test the pattern of speciation. Keteleeria (Pinaceae) is an… (more)

▼ Speciation is an important issue in evolutionary biology and species complex is a good model to test the pattern of speciation. Keteleeria (Pinaceae) is an Asian gymnosperm genus and restricted to subtropical to north tropical hill regions of South China, Taiwan, and Hainan. Fossil records have been wild distributed in Northern Hemisphere. Current distribution indicates that apparently affected by Quaternary climate shifts and almost extinction. The definition of species is difficult to consensus because taxonomists had different opinions based on morphological similarities. In this study, we build a transcriptome based on high-throughput Illumina RNA-seq sequencing technique using K. davidiana var. formosana as target taxa. We surveyed sequence variation for 4 chloroplast (cp) DNA fragments, and 27 nuclear genes among 91 individuals sampled from 12 taxa of Keteleeria. The assignment test based on STRUCTURE show the best clustering was assumed at K=2, DE group in Yunnan and other species include in FP group. The RASP based on S-DIVA indicates the divergence because vicariance events and IMa suggesting low level of gene flow (2.7-8.7 â 10-8) among group. The divergence time estimates c. 3.3-0.5 mya, a timescale with recent uplift of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the formation Hengduan Mountains. Pleistocene glaciation in Hengduan Mountains is relatively warm and rainy, became a refuge of DE group. FP group associated with the extinctive species of North America, and the refugia of glaciation located in Guizhou and Guangxi that have high genetic diversity of species. The RASP analysis inferred species expansion from west to east and north to south in southeast China. Keteleeria davidiana var. formosana in Taiwan and K. hainanensis in Hainan have unique genotype in assignment test respectively. Two species suggesting low level of gene flow (1.55-9.3 â 10-10, 26-1.6 â 10-10), small effective population size (70-270 k, 12-6 k), diverged c. 70 and 18 ka with FP group by IMa and the vicariance events inferred by RASP. The period of continental shelf was almost free of marine influence, these islands provided refugia for northern species that migrated south during glacial periods. Keteleeria revealed species evolving through glacial cycles and caused separation, migration, and extinction as well as accelerating speciation. Advisors/Committee Members: Kuo-Hsiang Hung (chair), You-Chung Chiang (committee member), Ho-Yih Liu (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: divergent times; Pleistocene glaciation; genetic divergence; Keteleeria

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chou, S. (2014). Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis. (Thesis). NSYSU. Retrieved from http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0112114-144609

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chou, Shih-Yin. “Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis.” 2014. Thesis, NSYSU. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0112114-144609.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chou, Shih-Yin. “Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chou S. Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0112114-144609.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Chou S. Genetic divergence between Keteleeria species (Pinaceae) using multilocus analysis. [Thesis]. NSYSU; 2014. Available from: http://etd.lib.nsysu.edu.tw/ETD-db/ETD-search/view_etd?URN=etd-0112114-144609

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Oregon State University

18. Licciardi, Joseph M. Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States.

Degree: PhD, Geology, 2000, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19985

Subjects/Keywords: Geology; Stratigraphic – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Licciardi, J. M. (2000). Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19985

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Licciardi, Joseph M. “Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States.” 2000. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19985.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Licciardi, Joseph M. “Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States.” 2000. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Licciardi JM. Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2000. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19985.

Council of Science Editors:

Licciardi JM. Alpine glacier and pluvial lake records of late pleistocene climate variability in the western United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2000. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/19985

Oregon State University

19. Roy, Martin. Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States.

Degree: PhD, Geology, 2003, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9016

► This dissertation focuses on the role of ice sheets in the transition during the middle Pleistocene (-1.2 Ma) from 41-kyr glacial cycles to 100-kyr glacial… (more)

▼ This dissertation focuses on the role of ice sheets in the transition during the middle Pleistocene (-1.2 Ma) from 41-kyr glacial cycles to 100-kyr glacial cycles. This research evaluates the hypothesis that the middle Pleistocene transition (MPT) was related to the glacial erosion of a regolith mantle and the subsequent exposure of fresh crystalline bedrock. This issue is addressed through the study of glacial sedimentary sequences in Iowa, Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri. Testing the hypothesis first required the establishment of a stratigraphic framework for pre-Illinoian glacial sequences. A chronology developed around till compositional data and chronological constraints provided by paleomagnetic measurements on glacigenic sediments, and three volcanic ashes, indicate that the midcontinent tills can be grouped under three categories representing at least seven ice advances: two older groups of reverse-polarity tills containing a low and intermediate proportion of clasts and minerals derived from crystalline bedrock, respectively, and one younger group of normal-polarity tills enriched in crystalline materials. The bulk geochemistry of the silicate fraction of the midcontinent tills was then used to evaluate the character of the rock source eroded by ice sheets. The results show a general trend in which geochemical indices, from oldest to youngest tills, fall parallel to a mixing line defined by the composition of a weathered and fresh crystalline rock sources, respectively. The content in meteoric 10Be of tills also supports the existence of a regolith and its glacial erosion by -1.3 Ma, thus concordant with the onset of the MPT. Marine records of strontium, hafnium, and osmium isotopes provide additional support for the hypothesis. The nature of the till compositional changes was further addressed through a provenance study based on 504 40Ar/39Ar ages measured on individual K-feldspar grains retrieved from tills that span the last 2 Myr. Most samples yielded ages identical to those of numerical ages of the Churchill Province, thereby constraining deposition by ice from the western (Keewatin) sector of the Laurentide ice sheet. These results rule out a change in provenance, and thus show support for a change in the composition of the Churchill bedrock source during the late Cenozoic. Advisors/Committee Members: Clark, Peter (advisor), Meigs, Andrew (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Geology; Stratigraphic – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Roy, M. (2003). Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States. (Doctoral Dissertation). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9016

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Roy, Martin. “Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States.” 2003. Doctoral Dissertation, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9016.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Roy, Martin. “Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States.” 2003. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Roy M. Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2003. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9016.

Council of Science Editors:

Roy M. Constraints of the origin of the middle Pleistocene transition from the glacial sedimentary record of the north-central United States. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Oregon State University; 2003. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/9016

Universiteit Utrecht

20. Piskoulis, P. Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’.

Degree: 2013, Universiteit Utrecht

URL: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/280662

► Milanković cycles and/or the related sea level fluctuations have been thought to be responsible for mammalian events (migrations and/or extinctions) on a large geographical scale.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Geowetenschappen; Canis etruscus; Pleistocene; Wolf Event; Milankovic

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APA (6^th Edition):

Piskoulis, P. (2013). Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’. (Masters Thesis). Universiteit Utrecht. Retrieved from http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/280662

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Piskoulis, P. “Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’.” 2013. Masters Thesis, Universiteit Utrecht. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/280662.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Piskoulis, P. “Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’.” 2013. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Piskoulis P. Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/280662.

Council of Science Editors:

Piskoulis P. Pleistocene macrofaunae from NW Europe: Changes in response to Pleistocene climate change and a new find of Canis etruscus (Oosterschelde, the Netherlands) contributes to the ‘Wolf Event’. [Masters Thesis]. Universiteit Utrecht; 2013. Available from: http://dspace.library.uu.nl:8080/handle/1874/280662

Mississippi State University

21. Adcock, Daniel. Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound.

Degree: MS, Geosciences, 2019, Mississippi State University

URL: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03182019-174753/ ;

► The Mississippi Sound is underlain by late Pleistocene aged sediments of the Biloxi, Prairie, and Gulfport Formations topped by an erosional unconformity, which was… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: paleo-channels; Holocene; Pleistocene; antecedent topography

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adcock, D. (2019). Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound. (Masters Thesis). Mississippi State University. Retrieved from http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03182019-174753/ ;

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adcock, Daniel. “Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Mississippi State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03182019-174753/ ;.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adcock, Daniel. “Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound.” 2019. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Adcock D. Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2019. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03182019-174753/ ;.

Council of Science Editors:

Adcock D. Stratigraphic characterization of the Pleistocene paleodrainage network in the western Mississippi Sound. [Masters Thesis]. Mississippi State University; 2019. Available from: http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-03182019-174753/ ;

University of Alberta

22. Hammad, Ann O. Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change.

Degree: MS, Department of Biological Sciences, 2015, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/c821gn492

► Permafrost houses active microbial communities adapted to constant sub-zero temperatures and anaerobic conditions. These extreme conditions make permafrost an excellent archive for long-term DNA preservation.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: permafrost; Pleistocene-Holocene boundary; microbial community changes

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hammad, A. O. (2015). Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change. (Masters Thesis). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/c821gn492

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hammad, Ann O. “Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Alberta. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/c821gn492.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hammad, Ann O. “Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change.” 2015. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Hammad AO. Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Alberta; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/c821gn492.

Council of Science Editors:

Hammad AO. Microbial community dynamics from permafrost across the Pleistocene-Holocene boundary and response to abrupt climate change. [Masters Thesis]. University of Alberta; 2015. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/c821gn492

University of Alberta

23. Jensen, Britta J.L. Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia.

Degree: PhD, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2012, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/m326m181c

► In this dissertation, tephrostratigraphy is used as the central method to address issues of chronology in the late Quaternary sedimentary record of eastern Beringia (non-glaciated… (more)

▼ In this dissertation, tephrostratigraphy is used as the central method to address issues of chronology in the late Quaternary sedimentary record of eastern Beringia (non-glaciated Yukon and Alaska) at a variety of spatial and temporal scales. The Palisades, central Alaska, preserves paleoenvironmental records thought to span, with major unconformities, the Holocene to early Pleistocene (~2 Ma). Two paleomagnetic transects of normal polarity and tephrostratigraphic data show the Palisades are Middle to Late Pleistocene in age, with no major unconformities. Of 19 tephra beds identified, nine are Middle Pleistocene beds known from other sites. The Variegated (VT) tephra has a known distribution second only to the Old Crow tephra. Reference samples from Fairbanks, Alaska, are correlated by glass major and trace-element geochemistry, Fe-Ti oxide geochemistry, stratigraphy, and age data to eight other sites in eastern Beringia. A new infrared stimulated luminescence age of 106 ± 10 ka, stratigraphy, paleoenvironmental data, and independent ages from other sites place VT within Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5, likely MIS 5d. Halfway House, an exposure of primary loess west of Fairbanks, is one of the most studied exposures in Alaska, but has little chronologic control. A new tephrostratigraphic framework shows Halfway House contains a relatively complete MIS 6 to Holocene record, dated by the Old Crow (124 ± 10 ka), VT (106 ± 10 ka), Sheep Creek-Klondike (ca. 80 ka), Dominion Creek (77 ± 8 ka) and Dawson (ca. 30 cal ka BP) tephra beds. The Skalamælifell/post-Blake paleomagnetic excursion (94.1 ± 7.8 ka) provides independent age control, and adds to the increasing body of evidence that III Alaskan loess can record subtle variations in the Earth’s geomagnetic field. This framework places high-resolution magnetic susceptibility profiles into context and shows loess accumulation is highly variable, casting doubt on the validity of correlating Alaskan susceptibility records to global δ18O curves. The Alaskan White River Ash, eastern lobe (WRe; ~AD 840), is correlated to the European cryptotephra known as AD 860B. This correlation means WRe is present in northeastern Pacific marine cores, across the North American continent, in the NGRIP ice core from Greenland, and northern Europe.

Subjects/Keywords: tephra; loess; Yukon; Beringia; Alaska; Paleomagnetic; Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jensen, B. J. L. (2012). Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/m326m181c

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jensen, Britta J L. “Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/m326m181c.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jensen, Britta J L. “Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Jensen BJL. Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/m326m181c.

Council of Science Editors:

Jensen BJL. Tephrostratigraphy and paleoenvironments of the late Quaternary in eastern Beringia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2012. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/m326m181c

University of Alberta

24. Vaughan, Jessica M. The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada.

Degree: PhD, Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, 2014, University of Alberta

URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4f16c369d

► The mapping and dating of surficial glacial landforms and sediments across southern Banks Island document glaciation by the northwest Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) during the… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Canadian Arctic; Pleistocene; Laurentide Ice Sheet

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APA (6^th Edition):

Vaughan, J. M. (2014). The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4f16c369d

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Vaughan, Jessica M. “The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed January 23, 2021. https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4f16c369d.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Vaughan, Jessica M. “The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Vaughan JM. The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4f16c369d.

Council of Science Editors:

Vaughan JM. The Glacial and Relative Sea Level History of Southern Banks Island, NT, Canada. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2014. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/4f16c369d

Oregon State University

25. Chevallier, Johanna. Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge.

Degree: MS, Geophysics, 2004, Oregon State University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29162

► A 3D seismic volume was acquired summer 2000 over the southern end of Hydrate Ridge (FIR), an anomalously shallow ridge 100 km offshore Newport, Oregon.… (more)

▼ A 3D seismic volume was acquired summer 2000 over the southern end of Hydrate Ridge (FIR), an anomalously shallow ridge 100 km offshore Newport, Oregon. The survey followed a succession of scientific expeditions aimed at studying the gas hydrates present in the shallow subsurface that gave the name to the ridge. This thesis consists of a seismic sequence analysis of the high-resolution (125 Hz) 3D survey. Identification of seismic units and interpretation of depositional sequences observed on the seismic sections is presented. The sequence analysis is compared with the results from nine sites cored during ODP Leg 204 during summer 2002. The first objective is to document in detail the stratigraphy of the ridge so that we can compare it with the gas hydrate distribution. The second is to reconstruct the structural evolution through time of this complex anticline as inferred from the depositional history. The result is a time series of structural evolutionary cross-sections as well as a series of paleo-bathymetric maps revealing the development of and interplay between the structures now buried in the subsurface of southern HR. The structural evolutionary diagrams show the existence of three anticlines, interpreted as thrust-related folds. They formed at the deformation front and controlled the distribution and deformation of the sediments during the Pleistocene. The current southern HR started its uplift less than 0.5 Ma. A seismic relict in the form of a double BSR is a witness to the evolution of the gas hydrate system of HR. It confirms the recent uplift of the ridge and consequent shallowing of the base of the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ). Further detailed studies of the stratigraphy reveal stratigraphic controls on the fluid flow, which in turn control the distribution of gas hydrates. Analysis of the amplitude map of the bottom-simulating reflector (BSR), which is a proxy for the free gas distribution, shows a relationship between anticlinal features within the older strata (older than 1.6 Ma) and strong amplitude anomalies of the BSR, which confirm previous observations suggesting a very low permeability for the young slope-basin sediments and an accumulation of gas within the older sediments underneath. Advisors/Committee Members: Trehu, Anne M. (advisor), Lillie, Robert (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Geology; Stratigraphic – Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chevallier, J. (2004). Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge. (Masters Thesis). Oregon State University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29162

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chevallier, Johanna. “Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge.” 2004. Masters Thesis, Oregon State University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29162.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chevallier, Johanna. “Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge.” 2004. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chevallier J. Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Oregon State University; 2004. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29162.

Council of Science Editors:

Chevallier J. Seismic sequence stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of southern hydrate ridge. [Masters Thesis]. Oregon State University; 2004. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29162

Leiden University

26. Flanagan, Katie-Lee. Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective.

Degree: 2016, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/42702

► The way that we view data as archaeologists is under constant review, especially in the field of human evolution and our processes of adaptation. An… (more)

▼ The way that we view data as archaeologists is under constant review, especially in the field of human evolution and our processes of adaptation. An example of this is the concern to not take absence of evidence as evidence of absence. Further to this we are aware in each archaeological situation there is a chance that we may only ever discover a handful of pieces to the puzzle. It is in this current setting that we are becoming increasingly careful of our interpretations of negative evidence and of how preservation levels affect a record and how it is researched. The merits of investigating sites and landscapes that are yet to produce hominin fossils are being acknowledged. In the spirit of taking advantage of this current state of affairs, it is interesting to ask the question what can ‘non-archaeological’ sites or archaeologically “sterile” landscapes (as in those that are yet to produce signals of hominin presence), or more in general, negative evidence - tell us, if anything, about hominin biogeographic range edges? To investigate this, I ask the question could the north-western edge of the Neandertal biogeographic range as we now think we know it, ever have been extended westwards, into Ireland? There is evidence of a Neandertal presence in Wales, at 230kya, while the first recorded human presence in Ireland is at 12,5kya only. The likelihood of a former Neandertal presence in Ireland is investigated here. The question is approached three fold and focuses on 1) the available pathways to Ireland, 2) the possibilities for a hominin presence in terms of the associated environments and 3) the preservation of Pleistocene deposits which might have encased traces of Pleistocene hominin activities. Britain’s human occupation history is discussed in terms of the location of a source population and possible routes to Ireland via the Irish Sea. Environmental reconstructions relay a climate and environment that is clement at times and one that was capable of supporting a range of mid- to large-sized mammals. Following glacial events some species of flora and fauna were able to recolonize the area. Repeated successful colonization by a variety of mammals has led to suggestions that hominins could have colonized the island too. Severe and repeated glacial action however has removed the majority of Pleistocene deposits from Ireland, leaving the record damaged and extremely limited, and such suggestions difficult to test. At first glance the interpretation of the absence of Neandertal traces in Ireland is not a clear cut issue. There is an available source population, a range of species have colonized and recolonized the area and there is an environment that at times is far from harsh. Leaving Neandertal preference or lack of necessity to one side, the evidence as it stands does not give a definitive reason that their range could not have, even briefly, extended westwards into Ireland. The lack of a Neandertal signal could be put down to an issue of tolerances and preferences or to the lack of preserved sediments and research.… Advisors/Committee Members: Roebroeks, Wil (advisor), MacDonald, Katherine (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Neandertals; Ireland; Preservation; Biogeographic range; Pleistocene

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APA (6^th Edition):

Flanagan, K. (2016). Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/42702

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Flanagan, Katie-Lee. “Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective.” 2016. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/42702.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Flanagan, Katie-Lee. “Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective.” 2016. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Flanagan K. Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/42702.

Council of Science Editors:

Flanagan K. Absence of Neandertals in Ireland: an issue of hominin preference or of preservation? A biogeographical perspective. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/42702

Leiden University

27. Feijen, Fenna. Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England.

Degree: 2012, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19568

► Abstract Plant macrofossils were investigated from Pleistocene channel infill deposits from Happisburgh Site 1 in Norfolk, England. Happisburgh Site 1 is a Palaeolithic site where… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: plant macrofossils; Happisburgh Site 1; Pleistocene hominins

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Feijen, F. (2012). Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19568

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Feijen, Fenna. “Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19568.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Feijen, Fenna. “Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England.” 2012. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Feijen F. Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2012. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19568.

Council of Science Editors:

Feijen F. Plant macrofossils from a Pleistocene fluvial channel at Happisburgh Site 1, Norfolk, England. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/19568

Leiden University

28. Berkholst, Bibiche Esther. The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3.

Degree: 2011, Leiden University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/18212

► In the German town of Schöningen (Niedersachsen, Germany) several Middle Pleistocene sites have been found and excavated since 1992. These sites are named Schöningen 12B,… (more)

▼ In the German town of Schöningen (Niedersachsen, Germany) several Middle Pleistocene sites have been found and excavated since 1992. These sites are named Schöningen 12B, Schöningen 13I and Schöningen 13II. The latter has been the focus of research since wooden spears of Palaeolithic man were found there among the remains of butchered horses. Schöningen 13II consists of five different levels named Schöningen 13II-1 to 13II-5, which are dated to the newly defined Reinsdorf Interglacial. For this thesis the large mammal remains found in the oldest levels Schöningen 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3 have been determined and analysed. The bones have been assigned to species of the suborder Caniformia, the wolf Canis lupus, species of the family Elephantidae, the Mosbach horse Equus mosbachensis, the forest rhino Stephanorhinus kirchbergensis, the steppe rhino Stephanorhinus hemitoechus, the wild boar Sus scrofa, the red deer Cervus elaphus, the giant deer Megaloceros giganteus, the roe deer Capreolus capreolus and species of the genus Bos/Bison, the bones of which belong to either the aurochs Bos primigenius or the steppe bison Bison priscus. The large mammal species of Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3 determined by previous researchers, have been added to the analyses for completeness. In addition to the aforementioned species, these researchers have determined species of the family Mustelidae, including the ermine Mustela erminea, a Mustela species and a Martes species, and species of the family Bovidae, including Bos primigenius and Bison priscus. The previously analysed faunal assemblage from level Schöningen 13II-4 has been added to the palaeoecological and biostratigraphic analyses as well. The large mammals have been used to reconstruct the palaeoecology during the Reinsdorf Interglacial. The animals represent a warm temperate climate and the presence of a forest steppe environment in Schöningen 13II-1, the climatic optimum, with increasingly cooler conditions up to level Schöningen 13II-4, in which the wooden spears were encountered. These results are in accordance with the palaeobotanical data of the Schöningen 13II levels. Considering the taphonomic state of the bones it appears that these are very well preserved, whilst all skeletal elements are more or less equally represented. Unfortunately the presence of human cutmarks has been difficult to establish, only two indeterminate bone fragments certainly display cutmarks. The fauna therefore consisted of natural populations which might occasionally have been hunted and butchered by hominids. Gnawing traces of a rodent are present on a radius of Bos/Bison. The mammalian compositions of the Schöningen 13II levels have been compared with those from other Middle Pleistocene sites in Germany and Great Britain. The Schöningen 13II compositions bear most resemblance to the faunal assemblages from Bilzingsleben II and Swanscombe, attributed to MIS 11. It follows that according to the large mammal fauna the Reinsdorf Interglacial should be attributed to MIS 11 as well, and is thus… Advisors/Committee Members: Kolfschoten, Prof. dr. T. van (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Schöningen; Middle Pleistocene; mammals; palaeoecology; biostratigraphy

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Berkholst, B. E. (2011). The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3. (Masters Thesis). Leiden University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1887/18212

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Berkholst, Bibiche Esther. “The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3.” 2011. Masters Thesis, Leiden University. Accessed January 23, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1887/18212.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Berkholst, Bibiche Esther. “The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Berkholst BE. The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Leiden University; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/18212.

Council of Science Editors:

Berkholst BE. The large mammal fauna of the Pleistocene site Schöningen 13II. The levels Schö 13II-1, 13II-2 and 13II-3. [Masters Thesis]. Leiden University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1887/18212

University of Wollongong

29. Manaa, Ammar. Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.

Degree: MS- Research, 2011, University of Wollongong

URL: 0403 GEOLOGY ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3501

► The Rabigh coast (Saudi Arabia) in the study area stretches for about 12 km between Al Kharrar Lagoon in the north and Sharm Rabigh… (more)

▼ The Rabigh coast (Saudi Arabia) in the study area stretches for about 12 km between Al Kharrar Lagoon in the north and Sharm Rabigh in the south. Seven prominent Pleistocene coral reef sites were investigated with terrace heights ranging from 1 to 5 m above present sea level. In addition to field descriptions, 86 samples were collected from these seven sites to provide the data for this research. Of these seven sites, 4 of the sites were front reef, and 3 were back reef. In each of the front reef sites, there was a beach rock, upper and lower reef. The elevation of the upper and lower reef in the front reef sites ranges from 0.5 m to 3.20 m above present sea level. The two layers of beach rock and a back reef were identified in the study area. In the upper and lower reefs, corals were observed in almost all of the samples, with higher proportions for the upper than lower reef. Silicate minerals were rare in both lower and upper reef. The back-reef features much less coral compared to the lower and upper reef and algae was the dominant element in the beach rock. The upper reef can be part of the reef crest or the algal ridge in the reef system, such that erosion can occur at the front reef. The lower reef indicates an outer reef flat where this zone is a combination of the fore reef and lagoon environment with wave-breaking algal structures. The coral framework in the upper reef indicates a low energy environment during the formation of this reef. Within the back-reef calcareous mud was dominant, which indicates a low energy environment behind the reef crest, or a lagoon environment. Such an interpretation for the upper and lower reefs connects with transgression phases of the sea and represents slightly higher sea levels. The XRD results for the upper and lower reefs, and beach rock revealed variable percentages of aragonite followed by high-Mg calcite, and calcite, with a small increase in calcite and high-Mg calcite comparative to the lower reef. Calcite was the dominant mineral in the back reef area, with variable percentages of high-Mg calcite. The dominant diagenetic process in the Rabigh reefs was cementation. Fibrous calcite occurred in many upper and lower reef samples, and blocky calcite spar was the most common cement type in the back-reef area. Lower and upper reef were exposed to freshwater dissolution and cementation. There was also more cementation and diagenesis in the lower reef compared to the upper reef, and an equal distribution of calcite cement around most of the grains, with an average porosity of 14.8%, consistent with fresh water phreatic environment. The beach rock was suggestive of marine phreatic diagenesis. Amino Acid Racemisation (AAR) and ¹⁴C dating of bivalve shells from upper and lower reef were unsuccessful for deducing the age of these reefs. U/Th dating produced the most reliable results for the age of the reefs. The reefs were probably formed during the major highstand of isotope stage 5 where the age of the upper reef is more likely to be 122.8 ka (MIS 5e) whereas…

Subjects/Keywords: Coral reefs; Red Sea; Rabigh; Late Pleistocene

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Manaa, A. (2011). Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. (Masters Thesis). University of Wollongong. Retrieved from 0403 GEOLOGY ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3501

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Manaa, Ammar. “Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Wollongong. Accessed January 23, 2021. 0403 GEOLOGY ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3501.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Manaa, Ammar. “Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia.” 2011. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Manaa A. Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Wollongong; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: 0403 GEOLOGY ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3501.

Council of Science Editors:

Manaa A. Late Pleistocene raised coral reefs in the eastern red sea – Rabigh, Saudi Arabia. [Masters Thesis]. University of Wollongong; 2011. Available from: 0403 GEOLOGY ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/3501

University of Wollongong

30. Blakemore, Amy. Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia.

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy, 2014, University of Wollongong

URL: ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4243

► Reconstruction of palaeo-sea levels provides a framework for determining Quaternary ice volumes and assisting in modelling predictions of future sea-level change. Commonly, records of… (more)

▼ Reconstruction of palaeo-sea levels provides a framework for determining Quaternary ice volumes and assisting in modelling predictions of future sea-level change. Commonly, records of palaeo-sea level derived from past shorelines only extend back to the last interglacial, marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e, due to erosion of older coastal successions by successive sealevel changes on tectonically stable coastlines. On the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia, palaeo-shorelines of the Bridgewater Formation, a succession of aeolianite barriers, are preserved by the gentle uplift of the region and the strongly indurated calcrete horizons which blanket the regional landscape, and provide a sea-level archive extending back to at least MIS 17 (680 - 710 ka). The southern continental margin of Australia is within the far-field of former Quaternary ice sheets. Palaeo-sea level records from this region are significant as they are more likely to reflect ice-equivalent sea level with minor but spatially variable hydroisostatic signals for different coastal sectors. This thesis provides a geochronological framework for the deposition of interglacial barrier shorelines on the Mount Gambier coastal plain using amino acid racemisation (AAR), radiocarbon, and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. Depositional environments of barrier successions were reconstructed through stratigraphical analysis and assessments of facies architecture. Fixed and relational palaeo-sea level indicators were identified in the form of back barrier lagoonal and beach facies. Petrological analysis of bioclastic sediments identified that the carbonate content of the barriers ranges from 66% to 99%. The percentage of quartz increases in inland barriers reflecting greater dissolution of carbonates in older successions. Thin section analysis identified an increase in sparite cements within the calcarenite with age, while XRD analysis highlighted a decrease in proportions of aragonite and an increase of low-Mg calcite. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis of foraminifera indicated that test surface textures reflect transportation and diagenetic environments. Findings reveal a correlation between diagenesis and proposed age of the barriers and aid in constraining the evolution of the coastal plain. This thesis reveals that the barrier shoreline complexes were formed during successive interglacial sea-level highstands and correlate with the shoreline barriers on the Robe coastal plain, 100 km northwest of the study area. Several …

Subjects/Keywords: sea lever; Australia; Pleistocene; coastal evolution

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APA (6^th Edition):

Blakemore, A. (2014). Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Wollongong. Retrieved from ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4243

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Blakemore, Amy. “Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Wollongong. Accessed January 23, 2021. ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4243.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Blakemore, Amy. “Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia.” 2014. Web. 23 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Blakemore A. Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Wollongong; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 23]. Available from: ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4243.

Council of Science Editors:

Blakemore A. Middle Pleistocene to Holocene sea-level changes and coastal evolution on the Mount Gambier coastal plain, southern Australia. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Wollongong; 2014. Available from: ; https://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/4243

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Open Access Theses and Dissertations