subject:(Plant sciences)

1. Owen, Rachel K. Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2015, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1087

► Recent (1990-2014) increases in salt affected soils in the Northern Great Plains states of South Dakota (SD) and North Dakota (ND), MLRA 55B and… (more)

▼ Recent (1990-2014) increases in salt affected soils in the Northern Great Plains states of South Dakota (SD) and North Dakota (ND), MLRA 55B and 55C, have prompted more intensive research on groundwater derived saline and sodic soil characteristics in semi-humid and humid climates. Past research has focused on salinity and sodicity in irrigated agricultural systems in semi-arid and arid climates. Due to the disconnect between prior research and current problems in this region, it is necessary to assess widely used laboratory methods, and determine if short cuts can be used for rapid evaluation. The objectives of this research were: 1) to establish a relationship between soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the total soluble cations (TSC); 2) establish the relationships between EC of saturated paste extraction solutions, 1:1, and 1:5 soil:water extraction dilutions; and 3) to assess the field scale spatial distribution of saline and sodic soil properties in order to identify soils at high risk of developing saline and sodic issues in the future. EC, soluble sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg2+) and the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) were measured for soil samples collected from four sites across SD and N research established a robust linear relationship between EC and TSC of TSC = 13.54 *EC – 0.29 (R2 = 0.88). Based on the results of the second study, not only can linear regression relationships be developed between saturated paste extractions and various soil:water dilutions, but a non-linear relationship can also be established to predict the salinity parameters based on the dilution factor. Finally, the third study found that while the prediction maps generated using ordinary kriging were not statistically significant, they showed that the salt affected soil area increased with depth. Soils that lack saline and sodic soil problems at the surface, but have moderate saline and sodic soil problems in the subsurface should be considered high risk for developing more severe limitations in the future when capillary and groundwater rise could bring soil solutes to the soil surface. Advisors/Committee Members: Douglas D. Malo.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Owen, R. K. (2015). Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1087

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Owen, Rachel K. “Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA.” 2015. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1087.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Owen, Rachel K. “Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA.” 2015. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Owen RK. Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1087.

Council of Science Editors:

Owen RK. Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1087

2. Hernández Valentín, Karla A. Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2012, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1332

► Biomass is a renewable resource that offers many advantages to a successful perennial grass-based bioenergy model. Many of today’s economic problems have led scientists… (more)

▼ Biomass is a renewable resource that offers many advantages to a successful perennial grass-based bioenergy model. Many of today’s economic problems have led scientists and farmers to search for new crops that increase agricultural sustainability and profitability. The use of bioenergy crops such as switchgrass and prairie cordgrass will help to meet future energy and biomass needs through the process of converting crop biomass into bioenergy sources with less environmental damage. Prairie cordgrass (Spartina pectinata Link.) is a high yielding warm season grass that grows naturally on poorly drained marginal land throughout the United States. For its morphological characteristics and biomass production, it is being considered for bio-fuel potential. Red River prairie cordgrass (RR-PCG) and Atkins prairie cordgrass (AT-PCG) are part of a developed germplasm collection in the Midwest (North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska and Kansas). Both varieties are being considered in investigations as possible biomass crops. Overall objectives for this investigation were to evaluate (1) biomass production capability of RR-PCG, South Dakota prairie cordgrass (SD-PCG), Illinois prairie cordgrass (IL-PCG), Cave-in-Rock switchgrass (CIR-SWG), and Sunburst switchgrass (SB-SWG) at lower and upper backslope sites in South Dakota from 2008 through 2011, North Dakota from 2008-2010, and Illinois in 2010, (2) yield production, tiller density, tiller weight, morphological traits such as biomass distribution in leaf sheath, and internode with measures of length and weight under four N rates (0, 56, 112, and 168 kg ha-1 of N), and below-ground material to a depth of 25 cm in South Dakota and Kansas. The results indicated that levels of N applied had influenced the amount of biomass that is being produced along with the number of tillers (either vegetative or reproductive material). Interestingly, prairie cordgrass yielded better at 56 kg ha^-1 of N than at the highest amount of N applied. This could indicate that very little N is required to optimize yield and biomass in general. Moreover, prairie cordgrass production of adequate yields may depend more on location and environmental factors such as moisture and total rainfall. Prairie cordgrass should be analyzed at more locations in order to get a better understanding of its biomass production; morphological characteristics; biomass partition among leaf sheath, and internode; and quality characteristics. Advisors/Committee Members: Vance D. Owens.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hernández Valentín, K. A. (2012). Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1332

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hernández Valentín, Karla A. “Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1332.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hernández Valentín, Karla A. “Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land.” 2012. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Hernández Valentín KA. Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2012. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1332.

Council of Science Editors:

Hernández Valentín KA. Evaluation of Prairie Cordgrass (Spartina pectinat, link) for Biomass Production on Marginal Land. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2012. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1332

3. Biersbach, Gwen. Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass.

Degree: MS, Biology and Microbiology, 2013, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1383

► Challenges associated with pretreatment, densification and storage of corn stover (CS), switchgrass (SG) and prairie cordgrass (PCG) were addressed as part of a cellulose-to-ethanol… (more)

▼ Challenges associated with pretreatment, densification and storage of corn stover (CS), switchgrass (SG) and prairie cordgrass (PCG) were addressed as part of a cellulose-to-ethanol process. It is most cost-effective to transport densified cellulosic materials; however this can be cost prohibitive. AFEX pretreatment coupled with an innovative densification method allowed reduced costs per unit. Five conditions were examined: untreated (control), AFEX pretreated, pretreated/densified, pretreated/stored, and pretreated/densified/stored. Two enzyme doses of cellulase and β-glucosidase were employed, using a separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) system. The high dose utilized 15 filter paper units (FPU)/g glucan of cellulase and 64 cellobiase units (CBU)/ml β-glucosidase. The low dose rate used one-third of each dose. An industrial fuel ethanol strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was utilized. Samples were tested for pH, yeast viability, and carbohydrate, organic acid and ethanol concentration using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Pretreatment provided significant improvement in hydrolysis and fermentation yields, increasing glucose and ethanol yields by an average of 16% to 58% and 13% to 43%, respectively, over all substrates. The low enzyme dosage resulted in consistently lower and more variable glucose and ethanol yields compared to the high dosage.. Glucose yields averaged 49% versus 70%, while ethanol yields averaged 32% versus 56%, respectively. Thus the low dose would not be suitable for commercial application. Concerning densification into PAKS, results were substrate specific. Sugar and ethanol yields from PCG and SG were negatively impacted by densification. Glucose yields dropped from 62% to 53%, and ethanol yields fell from 46% to 38% in non-densified substrates versus PAKS. Glucose yields from CS improved following densification, rising from 62% to 65% while ethanol yield improved from 44% to 52%, respectively. Storage did not adversely affect conversion efficiency and may be beneficial. Glucose yields for AFEX and PAKS increased following storage from 59% to 68%, 50% to 54% and 62% to 64% for CS, SG and PCG, respectively. PCG ethanol production was contrary to other substrates with fresh substrates yielding 46% and stored averaging 34%. CS ethanol yield increased from 45% to 51% and SG yield remained the same at 44%. Advisors/Committee Members: William R. Gibbons.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Biersbach, G. (2013). Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1383

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Biersbach, Gwen. “Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass.” 2013. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1383.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Biersbach, Gwen. “Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass.” 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Biersbach G. Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1383.

Council of Science Editors:

Biersbach G. Effects of AFEX Pretreatment, Denisifcation and Storage on Ethanol Yields of Corn Stover, Switchgrass and Prairie Cordgrass. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2013. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1383

4. Calles Torrez, Veronica. Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2013, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1384

► Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is considered a potential model for an alternative fuel source in North America. Recently, two insect pests of switchgrass have… (more)

▼ Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is considered a potential model for an alternative fuel source in North America. Recently, two insect pests of switchgrass have been identified. The switchgrass moth [Blastobasis repartella (Dietz): Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae] feeds in the basal internodes and in rhizomes, causing premature tiller and rhizome loss. The switchgrass midge (Chilophaga virgati Gagné: Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) feeds above the last internode of the tiller, causing seed yield and biomass loss. There were two objectives for this study: (1) to determine genetic and temporal variation among cultivars for frequency of tiller infestation by switchgrass moth larvae in mature stands in the northern Great Plains and if variation in biomass production was associated with variation in frequency of infestation, in two trials (plots/established in 2004 and 2008) and (2) to increase knowledge of the biology of the gall midge by describing its life stages, phenology, and parasitoids in the Northern Great Plains. Data collection and observations were made during 2011 and 2012. In plots from 2008, differences were found among cultivars for tiller density, biomass yield, and numbers of leaves per healthy and infested tillers. Mean frequency of infestation was different between 2011 (6.7%) and 2012 (9.6%). Regression of biomass on frequency of infestation showed negative linear relationships for `Carthage’ and `Kentucky 1625’. However, in plots from 2008, differences were found among cultivars for tiller density and numbers of leaves per healthy. Mean frequency of infestation ranged from 2.6% for `Cave-In-Rock’ to 4.5% for `Pathfinder’ and was different between 2011 (2.7%) and 2012 (4.4%). In general, infested tillers had 1 less collared leaf than healthy tillers. Weights of healthy tiller were more >3x those of infested tillers. Switchgrass gall midge adult is active from early June to mid/late July. It overwinters as a late instar larva. The number of larvae ranged from 6 to 85. `Cave-In-Rock’ was more infested (>2x) than `Dacotah’ m-2. New parasitoids were reared from switchgrass gall midge larva: Quadrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophilidae) and Platygaster chilophagae Buhl (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Results of this study are valuable to scientists for optimizing seed and biomass yields of switchgrass. Advisors/Committee Members: Paul J. Johnson.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Calles Torrez, V. (2013). Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1384

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Calles Torrez, Veronica. “Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass.” 2013. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1384.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Calles Torrez, Veronica. “Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass.” 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Calles Torrez V. Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1384.

Council of Science Editors:

Calles Torrez V. Biological and Agronomic Aspects of Two Insect Predators of Switchgrass. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2013. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1384

5. Kandel, Yuba Raj. Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2013, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1432

► Bacterial diseases, namely bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens and bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae… (more)

▼ Bacterial diseases, namely bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens and bacterial leaf blight (BLB), caused by Pseudomonas syringae subsp. syringae have recently reemerged as potential threats to wheat (Triticum aestivum) production in the Midwest USA. Forty-five hard red spring wheat genotypes with diverse genetic backgrounds were evaluated for resistance to BLS under field conditions with artificial supplementary inoculum. Genotypes showed significantly different responses to X. campestris pv. translucens. SD4205 was found resistant to BLS with the lowest disease severity across multiple environments. Other genotypes SD4148, SD4176, ‘Alsen’, SD4023, ‘Faller’, SD4024, ‘Knudson’, and SD4199 showed moderately resistant reactions. Genotypes ‘Russ’, SD4011, and ‘Select’ were highly susceptible. Quantitative trait loci controlling resistance to BLS was mapped using a family-based mapping approach. Sixty unique families developed through crossing selected resistant and susceptible parents were used for genotyping and phenotyping. Phenotyping was done on both F1 and F2 plants. Analysis showed narrow sense heritability for BLS resistance was 0.28. Two genomic regions on chromosomes 2A and 6B were found significantly associated with the resistance of this disease in both greenhouse and field evaluations. Additionally, two QTLs on chromosomes 3B, and 6A were detected in greenhouse evaluation and one additional QTL was detected on chromosome 1B in field evaluation. Variance explained by the significant markers ranged from 0.56 to 29.56%. Xwmc522 seemed most associated with resistance. The forty-five hard red spring wheat genotypes were also evaluated for resistance to BLB after inoculation of P. syringae subsp. syringae in multiple field tests during the growing seasons of 2009 and 2010. Considerable variation in resistance to BLB among genotypes was clearly observed. A continuous distribution of disease severity was observed in each year which suggests that resistance to BLB is likely governed by several genes. Analysis of data combined over environments revealed that SD4148 was consistently least infected, followed by Faller, Knudson, and Alsen, while SD4176, SD4171, Russ, SD4011, and Select were consistently highly infected. The findings of the study will be useful for further genetic and epidemiological studies and development of resistant cultivars. Advisors/Committee Members: Karl D. Glover.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kandel, Y. R. (2013). Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1432

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kandel, Yuba Raj. “Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1432.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kandel, Yuba Raj. “Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat.” 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Kandel YR. Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1432.

Council of Science Editors:

Kandel YR. Germplasm Evaluation for Bacterial Disease Resistance and Mapping QTL Conferring Resistance Against Xanthomonas campestris pv. translucens in Wheat. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2013. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1432

6. Posch, John Philip. Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota.

Degree: MS, Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science, 2017, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1190

► Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr., is an important crop grown in South Dakota, with an estimated production of $2.33 billion in 2015. However, soybean… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Posch, J. P. (2017). Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1190

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Posch, John Philip. “Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota.” 2017. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1190.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Posch, John Philip. “Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota.” 2017. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Posch JP. Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1190.

Council of Science Editors:

Posch JP. Diaporthe, Soybean Cyst Nematode, and Soybean Aphid: An Evaluation of Potential Interactions Occurring Among Pests on Soybean in South Dakota. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2017. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1190

7. Perilla-Lopez, Juan Manuel. Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2015, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1774

► Native and introduced grass species, excluding grain crops, are an essential part of ecosystems in North America and recently have been a focus of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Perilla-Lopez, J. M. (2015). Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1774

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Perilla-Lopez, Juan Manuel. “Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota.” 2015. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1774.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Perilla-Lopez, Juan Manuel. “Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota.” 2015. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Perilla-Lopez JM. Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1774.

Council of Science Editors:

Perilla-Lopez JM. Grass-Feeding Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and Their Parasitoids in Eastern South Dakota. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1774

8. Yabwalo, Dalitso Noble. An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2015, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1865

► Wheat market grades and grain prices are primarily determined by test weight (TW). Millers emphasize the importance of TW because it is a general… (more)

▼ Wheat market grades and grain prices are primarily determined by test weight (TW). Millers emphasize the importance of TW because it is a general indicator of flour yield and overall end-use quality. Since TW is a measure of weight-per-volume, it is expected to be impacted by attributes, such as; grain length (GL), grain width (GW), size, shape, single grain density (SGD), thousand-grain-weight (TGW) and packing efficiency (PE), which is a measure of the space remaining between grains that are packed into a specific volume. The objectives of this study were to; (i) determine the grain characteristics that contribute to TW, (ii) determine the genotypic (G) and environmental (E) and the G by E interaction (GEI) components of TW, and to (iii) characterize the possible impact of a 1BL.1RS translocation on TW in wheat. Winter and spring wheat cultivars analyzed were from statewide crop performance trials (CPT) and they were grown in 18 and 10 South Dakota environments, in 2011 and 2012, respectively. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) with and without the 1BL.1RS translocation were evaluated in six environments from 2012 to 2013. Single grain density had the highest positive impact on TW for both winter and spring wheat. However, the impact of SGD was higher for winter wheat than for spring wheat. Packing efficiency also had an impact on TW in winter wheat, although the impact was less than SGD. In spring wheat, grain weight (SKGWt) also impacted TW, although its impact also was less than SGD. When evaluated in the absence of SKGWt. GW had the second highest impact on TW. In winter wheat, the high GEI component of SGD and PE may prevent breeders from using either trait to indirectly select for high TW. In spring wheat, SKGWt may be a candidate trait for indirect selection for high TW, but it also exhibits a high GEI component, which may limit its utility as a secondary trait. A NIL with a 1BL.1RS translocation did not exhibit higher TW. However, the NIL with the translocation maintained higher TW compared with the line without the translocation in more water-limiting environments. Advisors/Committee Members: Bill A. Berzonsky.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Yabwalo, D. N. (2015). An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1865

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Yabwalo, Dalitso Noble. “An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1865.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Yabwalo, Dalitso Noble. “An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).” 2015. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Yabwalo DN. An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1865.

Council of Science Editors:

Yabwalo DN. An Analysis of Grain Characteristics and Their Potential Impact on Test Weight in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2015. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1865

9. Xu, Yi. Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1592

► Association mapping has been widely used to detect desirable genetic markers associated with traits of interest for plant improvement. Missing marker data are a… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xu, Y. (2014). Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1592

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xu, Yi. “Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications.” 2014. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1592.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xu, Yi. “Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Xu Y. Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1592.

Council of Science Editors:

Xu Y. Genetic Association Mapping : Missing Markers, Epistatic Effects, and Applications. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1592

10. Mollinedo, Javier Quintin. Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1570

► Biochar properties depend on pyrolysis process and feedstock source. Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of four biochars developed from two… (more)

▼ Biochar properties depend on pyrolysis process and feedstock source. Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of four biochars developed from two feedstocks, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and corn stover (Zea mays) using two methods of pyrolysis (fast and slow) on: 1. water holding capacity of two soil series associated with eroded landscapes in eastern South Dakota (Maddock classified as a sandy, mixed, frigid Entic Hapludolls, and Langhei classified as a fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Eutrudepts), 2. germination of four plant species (corn, soybean (Glycine max), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus)), and 3. phenotypic characteristics of inoculated (Rhizobium) and non-incoculated Medicago truncatula (barrel clover) genotypes “wild” and “sickle” (an ethylene insensitive mutant). Biochar treatments at a 4% application rate increased plant available water (PAW) but had no effect on water content at the permanent wilting point. There was no effect of biochar on corn, alfalfa, or soybean germination in soil. Biochars reduced wild sunflower germination 3-19%. A single gene mutant (“sickle”) of Medicago truncatula that is insensitive to ethylene was used to evaluate biochar effects on nodule formation and root morphology compared to the “wild” genotype. Biochar treatments at a 1% application rate increased nodule formation and plant biomass across all genotypes. The lack of inhibition by biochar on nodule formation in the “wild” genotype suggests that biochar did not increase ethylene concentration within the plant root to physiologically significant levels. However biochar increased root length of lower order lateral roots (0-1 mm diameter) by 40% compared to the control in the “wild” but not in the “sickle” genotype. Biochar affected soil physical, chemical, and biological properties in this study. A relatively complex interaction of biochar with plant-soil systems that depended on biochar and soil types was observed in this study. The complexity of field environments, agronomic management, and economic variables combined with complexities associated with biochar-plant-microbial-soil interactions suggest that use of biochar in crop production systems are likely to produce a variety of results. Further research is needed on elucidating mechanisms associated with biochar-crop interactions and on evaluating economic consequences of applying biochar in field situations. Advisors/Committee Members: Thomas E. Schumacher.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mollinedo, J. Q. (2014). Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1570

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mollinedo, Javier Quintin. “Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1570.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mollinedo, Javier Quintin. “Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Mollinedo JQ. Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1570.

Council of Science Editors:

Mollinedo JQ. Pyrolysis Processing and Feedstock Impact on Biochar Soil-Plant Interactions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1570

11. Adjei-Fremah, Sarah. Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1542

► Soybean production in most of the northern plain area is challenged by iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), a physiological problem with plants grown in high… (more)

▼ Soybean production in most of the northern plain area is challenged by iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC), a physiological problem with plants grown in high pH calcareous soils. Planting tolerant varieties is the best approach to meet the challenge. Currently, the variety development is limited by lack of genetic resources and knowledge about mechanisms of resistance to IDC. The previous research in the Seed Molecular Biology Laboratory at SDSU developed a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) from a cross between a cultivated (Glycine max) and a wild (G. soja) soybean line. The objectives of this research were: 1) to evaluate the RIL population for genetic variability of the IDC trait and its relationship with plant iron (Fe) content, and 2) to generate a linkage map covering the wild soybean genome to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the IDC trait. A total of 207 RILs were grown in the same field (soil pH 8.0 - 8.3) with four replications to evaluate IDC symptoms using a 1 (most resistant) – 5 (most susceptible) scale at 3 or 4 time points of plant development in summers of 2012 and 2013. Plants from 25 RILs (5 for each of the 5 scales) were sampled to quantify soluble (Fe²⁺) and total Fe contents using atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were screened for polymorphism between the cultivated and wild soybean lines to genotype the RILs to construct a linkage map. An interval-mapping program was used to scan for IDC QTL along the map. The IDC trait displayed continuous variation in the RIL population at each of the 3 or 4 time points. Both genotypic and environmental (year and field block) effects on IDC were significant. Estimated heritability for the IDC trait varied from 26 to 72%. The IDC scales were negatively correlated with the leaf soluble Fe content (r= -0.93) and positively correlated with the leaf total Fe content (r=0.94), demonstrating that the phenotypic variation in the IDC symptom was due to the lack of soluble Fe²⁺ in leaves. A framework linkage map was constructed with 164 markers and map consists of 36 linkage groups belonging to 20 soybean chromosomes. A total of 11 QTLs were associated with the IDC trait, with 5 of them being repeatable across the two years. Each QTL accounted for 7 to 16% of the total phenotypic variances. The parental line of wild soybean contributed the IDC-resistance allele to one QTL detectable in the two years. These 11 QTL were mapped on 8 chromosomes, with two QTL on chromosomes 18 co-located with the previously reported loci for the IDC trait in soybean. In summary, the IDC trait in the RIL population had a moderate level of heritability under the local field conditions and the genotypic variation was caused by the lack of soluble Fe in the leaf tissue. With the associated 11 putative QTLs, the alleles that enhance resistance to IDC distribute in both cultivated and wild soybean germplasm. The RIL population will be used… Advisors/Committee Members: Xing-You Gu.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Adjei-Fremah, S. (2014). Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1542

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Adjei-Fremah, Sarah. “Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean.” 2014. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1542.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Adjei-Fremah, Sarah. “Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Adjei-Fremah S. Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1542.

Council of Science Editors:

Adjei-Fremah S. Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis in Soybean. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1542

12. Wyant, William Ellsworth. Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1603

► In any given year, South Dakota’s winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is valued at over $400 million, which ranks the state in the… (more)

▼ In any given year, South Dakota’s winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production is valued at over $400 million, which ranks the state in the top ten in the nation for economic value. However, winter wheat production in South Dakota is often limited by excessively low precipitation in the western portion of the state, which is generally defined as the area west of the Missouri river. Producing winter wheat, which is tolerant to drought conditions promises to optimize its production in the drought-prone western area of South Dakota as well as enhance the incomes of producers that depend on winter wheat. Hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivar 'Endurance' is heterogeneous for a 1RS.1BL translocation, and this translocation has been implicated in increasing root biomass. To determine the influence of the translocation on winter wheat response to drought, lines with and without the translocation were selected from the original heterogeneous cultivar, and these lines were considered near-isogenic lines (NILs), which differed primarily due to the presence or absence of 1RS. Under conditions simulating drought in a greenhouse, these NILs were compared with NILs of spring wheat cultivar, Pavon, and Pavon1RS. Seminal root angle, xylem area, grain yield, root biomass, aerial biomass, plant height, spike number, spike length, harvest index percentage (HI), and water-use efficiency (WUE) were measured to quantify differences. There was a significant correlation between root and aerial biomass for all genotypes. The correlations between root and aerial biomass for Endurance1RS and Endurance were 0.55 and 0.69, respectively, and the correlations for Pavon1RS and Pavon were 0.74 and 0.87, respectively. Additionally, there was a significant 0.62 correlation between root biomass and grain yield for Pavon1RS and a significant 0.69 correlation between root biomass and grain yield for Pavon. Because of the relationship between root biomass, aerial biomass, and grain yield, these results emphasize the importance of characterizing the impact of 1RS on root systems. However, they also illustrate the relative differences that might be anticipated if 1RS is expressed in either a winter or a spring wheat cultivar. Advisors/Committee Members: William A. Berzonsky.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wyant, W. E. (2014). Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1603

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wyant, William Ellsworth. “Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought.” 2014. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1603.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wyant, William Ellsworth. “Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Wyant WE. Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1603.

Council of Science Editors:

Wyant WE. Influence of a 1RS.1BL, Rye/Wheat Chromosome Translocation on the Tolerance of Winter and Spring Wheat to Drought. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1603

13. Eckard, Jonathan Tyler. Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1549

► QTL linkage analysis for plants has relied on large single-cross mapping populations derived from phenotypically divergent parent lines. This approach creates a disjunction between… (more)

▼ QTL linkage analysis for plants has relied on large single-cross mapping populations derived from phenotypically divergent parent lines. This approach creates a disjunction between QTL mapping and marker-assisted breeding efforts aimed at pyramiding QTL, since no direct bridge exists between the populations within which these activities are conducted. Through this body of research, we demonstrate the application of linkage analysis directly in wheat breeding populations to enable markerassisted pyramiding for FHB resistance QTL. In the first study, we apply multipoint linkage analysis of general pedigrees to early generation wheat breeding populations for development of dense framework linkage maps. Using this approach, a linkage map consisting of 3,807 loci was developed. The linkage maps showed high concordance with the SNP consensus map for wheat. This suggests that linkage mapping in early generation plant breeding populations represents a reliable and efficient approach to support molecular breeding efforts. In the second study, we apply identical-by-descent (IBD)-based linkage analysis to map and pyramid FHB resistance QTL segregating in four-way cross spring wheat breeding populations. Resistance QTL were mapped to chromosomes 2A, 2B, 3B and 7D. QTL on chromosomes 2B, 3B and 7D are corroborated by previous mapping studies, whereas the QTL on chromosome 2A represents a novel source of indigenous FHB resistance. Marker haplotypes for parent lines founding these populations can be used for marker assisted pyramiding of resistance alleles. In the final study, we combined genome-wide SNP genotyping with IBD-based linkage analysis of four-way cross winter wheat breeding populations to map and pyramid FHB resistance QTL from native sources of resistance. QTL were detected on chromosomes 1AS, 1BS, 2AS, 3AS, 3BS, 4AC, 4AL, 4BL, 4D, 6AC, 6AS, 6D and 7D. QTL conferring native resistance from the cultivars Lyman and Overland were mapped for the first time. We conclude that linkage analysis methods for pedigreed populations can be adopted to detect multiple QTL segregating for complex traits in plant breeding populations. Therefore, these methods have promise for facilitating marker-assisted breeding. However, there are a number of limitations with current implementations of these approaches that need to be addressed before they can be routinely exploited in plant breeding programs. Advisors/Committee Members: Jose L. Gonzalez-Hernandez.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Eckard, J. T. (2014). Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1549

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Eckard, Jonathan Tyler. “Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1549.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Eckard, Jonathan Tyler. “Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Eckard JT. Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1549.

Council of Science Editors:

Eckard JT. Simultaneous Mapping and Pyramiding of Fusarium Head Blight Resistance Loci in Wheat Breeding Populations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1549

14. Smith, Christine. Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1594

► Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz. f. sp. tritici., has evolved as a race-specific pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestvium L.). It… (more)

▼ Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz. f. sp. tritici., has evolved as a race-specific pathogen of wheat (Triticum aestvium L.). It causes significant economic losses annually. Wheat has co-evolved with resistance genes, such as Lr10 and Lr21, which result in a hypersensitive reaction to a specific race. Another gene, Lr34 reacts to the pathogen by expressing slow-rusting. Pyramiding leaf rust resistance genes is one possible strategy to enhance the level of resistance and/or extend the longevity of resistance. However, expression of resistance may exact an excessive energy cost, and hypersensitivity and cell death results in the loss of photosynthetic tissue. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify if the cost of pyramiding Lr10, Lr21, and Lr34 counteracts the benefits of pyramiding them. ‘Thatcher’ and nearisogenic lines (NILs) of Thatcher with one and two different Lr genes were compared along with Thatcher F1 hybrids that combined two different Lr genes in a heterozygous state. Known molecular markers to the genes were utilized to try and achieve and confirm the pyramids. A split-plot design was employed, with main plots represented by treatments - inoculation with or without a host non-specific crown rust pathogen (Puccinia coronata Corda var. avenae W.P. Fraser Ledingham) - and subplots represented by genotypes - an oat genotype, Thatcher, Thatcher NILs and F1s. Grain yield, above-ground biomass, and seed shape, size, and weight were quantified to determine the potential cost of resistance to the plants. Crown rust inoculations did not definitively invoke gene expression or hypersensitive reactions with an absence of pustule formation in the wheat genotypes. However, genotypes expressing two resistance genes generally exhibited some reduction in reproduction in comparison to genotypes without resistance genes, or expressing a single gene. Breeders should consider the potential negative consequences to plant fitness before pyramiding resistance genes that result in hypersensitive reactions. Molecular markers, specifically for Lr10 and Lr21 were difficult to use for verifying pyramids compared to Lr34. Geneticists and breeders should be cognizant of the fact that very similar Lr genes are not easily or readily verified in pyramids, even using molecular markers. Advisors/Committee Members: William A. Berzonsky.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Smith, C. (2014). Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1594

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Smith, Christine. “Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes.” 2014. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1594.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Smith, Christine. “Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Smith C. Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1594.

Council of Science Editors:

Smith C. Characterizing the Fitness Cost to Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Genotypes with Multiple Leaf Rust Resistance Genes. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1594

15. Dos Santos, Rodrigo Sampaio. Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1550

► The impact of wheat flour starch components affecting end-use quality in food products is not well understood. However, the breeding of waxy wheat lines… (more)

▼ The impact of wheat flour starch components affecting end-use quality in food products is not well understood. However, the breeding of waxy wheat lines having low levels of amylose starch has provided new possibilities to characterize the impact of starch on end-use food quality and functionality. The unique rheological characteristics of waxy wheat may improve food texture and shelf-stability, by producing softer products that exhibit delayed staling. These advantages may be evident in the production of wheat flour tortillas, a type of flatbread which represents a rapidly growing segment of the US end-use industry. This study was conducted to determine the impact that low-amylose, waxy wheat starch has on dough expansion, flour tortilla functionality, and tortilla quality. A low-amylose, full waxy wheat breeding line was used to produce five waxy blends (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% waxy) with a wild-type flour. Having waxy flour in a blend resulted in increasing the mean protein content. Also, it increased water absorption, while it decreased dough consistency as determined using a Mixolab. Tortilla diameter and rollability were improved by the addition of low-amylose flour in the formulations; whereas, tortilla brightness, bake height and specific volume were negatively impacted. Waxy wheat flour also improved fresh tortilla texture, as evidenced by the increase in extensibility observed in blends that included a high waxy flour component (≥ 75% waxy). However, this improvement in texture was not evident at 7 d storage at ambient temperatures, indicating that low-amylose flours do not necessarily extend the shelfstability of wheat tortillas. Several Mixolab characteristics as measured in the blends were highly correlated to wheat tortilla physical properties. There was a highly significant, negative correlation between tortilla diameter and stability (-0.84, p < 0.001), while baked tortilla height was highly correlated to the Mixolab C3 value (0.68, p < 0.001), and tortilla rollability and brightness were correlated to water absorption (0.67, p < 0.001 and -0.61, p < 0.01, respectively). The physical characteristics of tortillas were correlated with texture, and the Mixolab is evidently a good predictor of the physical, but not necessarily the textural attributes of wheat flour tortillas. Low-amylose, waxy wheat flour produced doughs that exhibited a significant higher expansion under a low vacuum pressure. There were also significant correlations between Mixolab characteristics and dough expansion in a vacuum chamber, suggesting that the dough expansion system is sensitive enough to detect differences due to low-amylose starch, and that its use has the potential to adequately predict traditional pan bread loaf volume. Approximately 800 doubled haploid (DH) lines were produced by hybridizing a low-amylose, full waxy wheat genotype with 22 spring and winter wheat genotypes predicted to have unique combinations of endosperm protein subunits. These DH lines can be used in the future to help determine the exact… Advisors/Committee Members: William A. Berzonsky.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Dos Santos, R. S. (2014). Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1550

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Dos Santos, Rodrigo Sampaio. “Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1550.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Dos Santos, Rodrigo Sampaio. “Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Dos Santos RS. Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1550.

Council of Science Editors:

Dos Santos RS. Impact of Low-Amylose, Waxy Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Flour Blends on Functional Tortilla Characteristics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1550

16. Damecharla, Hema Durga Prasad. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1558

► Wheat bran is an important source of dietary fiber, and according to consumers, they prefer the appearance and taste of whole-wheat products made from… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Damecharla, H. D. P. (2014). Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1558

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Damecharla, Hema Durga Prasad. “Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1558.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Damecharla, Hema Durga Prasad. “Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Damecharla HDP. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1558.

Council of Science Editors:

Damecharla HDP. Evaluation of Mycotoxin Accumulation and Bran Thickness Between Red and White Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Near-Isogenic Lines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1558

17. Jenkins, Shawn. Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures.

Degree: MS, Plant Science, 2014, South Dakota State University

URL: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1559

► Early planting of hard red spring wheat (HRSW; Triticum aestivum L.) tends to extend the period of vegetative growth and can help maximize agronomic… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jenkins, S. (2014). Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1559

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jenkins, Shawn. “Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures.” 2014. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1559.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jenkins, Shawn. “Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Jenkins S. Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1559.

Council of Science Editors:

Jenkins S. Assessment of Hard Red Spring Wheat Germplasm for Germination in Sub-Optimal Temperatures. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2014. Available from: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1559

University of Missouri – Columbia

18. Mahmoud, Mervat Ahmed Badawy. Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development.

Degree: 2016, University of Missouri – Columbia

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180771

► The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte can affect water relations and yield of its host, maize ( Zea mays L.), under normal… (more)

▼ The western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte can affect water relations and yield of its host, maize ( Zea mays L.), under normal soil moisture. Drought stress negatively affects plant growth and yield. Anecdotal data have suggested that the effect of western corn rootworm is greater under drought and the effect of drought is greater under rootworm infestations, but few experiments have controlled both moisture and rootworm levels. We hypothesized that if drought and rootworms both occur, there would be a negative synergistic effect on maize growth and yield. To test this hypothesis, a series of greenhouse and field experiments were performed. Greenhouse experiments tested only one maize line at three different moisture levels and three different western corn rootworm infestation levels. This was done not only with neonate larvae, but also second instar larvae and eggs in separate, full experiments. Overall, the greenhouse results indicated that under the conditions of these experiments, the effect of drought was greater than the effect of western corn rootworm and the interactions between soil moisture level in western corn rootworm infestation level did not affect plant traits such as water potential, stomatal conductance, shoot air-dried weight, and root air-dried weight in most of the trials. Rootworms did add some interesting complexity to the greenhouse experiment. For instance, plants without western corn rootworm were more stressed than the moderate western corn rootworm infestation for the drought treatments in the third greenhouse experiment. Drought also impacted western corn rootworm larvae in the same experiment, but only when the larvae were already stressed at the highest infestation level. Field studies also were conducted in 2012, 2013, and 2014 with treatments varying soil moisture levels, western corn rootworm infestation levels, and maize hybrids with and without tolerance to drought and rootworm pressure. In 2012 and 2013, western corn rootworm infestation significantly impacted yield, but its impact on yield was much less than the effect of drought. When under drought and rootworm pressure, the Bt+AQUAmax hybrid with tolerance to western corn rootworm and drought was generally higher yielding and significantly less water-stressed than other hybrids. Root damage ratings were not significantly impacted by drought or its interactions with western corn rootworm infestation. Both drought and western corn rootworm affected water potential, stomatal conductance, root complexity, and beetle emergence. The magnitude of the effect of drought versus western corn rootworm infestation level varied depending on the factor being evaluated, but in general drought had a greater effect on maize growth factors. We must reject our hypothesis that rootworms and drought have a negative synergistic effect on maize growth and yield under the conditions of our study.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Mahmoud, M. A. B. (2016). Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development. (Thesis). University of Missouri – Columbia. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180771

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mahmoud, Mervat Ahmed Badawy. “Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development.” 2016. Thesis, University of Missouri – Columbia. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180771.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mahmoud, Mervat Ahmed Badawy. “Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development.” 2016. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Mahmoud MAB. Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180771.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Mahmoud MAB. Effects of western corn rootworm larval feeding, drought, and their interaction on maize performance and rootworm development. [Thesis]. University of Missouri – Columbia; 2016. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10180771

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

19. Van De Stroet, Brian M. Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss.

Degree: 2018, South Dakota State University

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809339

► Palmer amaranth is a growing concern in the United States. Previously thought to only be able to occupy the southern United States, this plant… (more)

▼ Palmer amaranth is a growing concern in the United States. Previously thought to only be able to occupy the southern United States, this plant can now be found throughout the northern states as well. Infestations of Palmer amaranth can now be found in South Dakota and is raising many concerns. Palmer amaranth is characterized by large growth and can be highly competitive with many important crops. Soybean is an important crop in South Dakota, as well as the rest of the world, and has not escaped the detrimental aspects of an infestation of Palmer amaranth. The objectives of this study were to determine the possible impacts Palmer amaranth South Dakota. Surveys were given to applicators and producers from many counties in South Dakota to gauge public awareness of Palmer amaranth and determine other possible infestations of Palmer amaranth. These surveys were made available at commercial applicator recertification classes throughout South Dakota and the Soy 100 meeting in Brookings, SD. Growth rates and plant volume and biomass of Palmer amaranth from several seed source locations and local ascensions of common waterhemp and redroot pigweed were examined and compared in eastern South Dakota. Growth studies were conducted near Aurora, SD over two years using three planting dates from mid-May to late-June. Plant volume was measured every 10 to 20 days until harvest beginning in late-July. At harvest, plants were oven-dried and biomass was recorded. Efficacy of several herbicide treatments were recorded on Palmer amaranth seedlings. Pre- and post-emergence treatments were conducted on Palmer amaranth planted in either sand or potting mix. Post-emergence treatments were applied at the three- to four-leaf stage. Visual ratings of plants were conducted 21 days after treatment. Soybean yield loss due to Palmer amaranth was determined near Corsica, SD. Palmer amaranth in square meter plots were counted and harvested for biomass when soybeans reached R7 to R8. Plots containing two rows of soybeans were harvested several weeks later and yield loss was determined. Survey results indicated that more needs to be done to provide information to the public based on respondents’ ability to correctly identify Palmer amaranth, common waterhemp, and redroot pigweed seedlings and mature plants. Several respondents also indicated possible infestations of Palmer amaranth. Not all counties in South Dakota were represented by the study. Palmer amaranth had greater growth and biomass than either common waterhemp or redroot pigweed. Final volume of Palmer amaranth was greater at lower densities. Growth rates between sampling dates varied among planting dates, which resulted in similarities in final volume among planting dates. Common waterhemp and redroot pigweed shared similar plant volumes and biomass, however, plants in 2015 were larger, possibly due to climatic differences between years. Herbicides tested that offered the best control of Palmer amaranth was a…

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Van De Stroet, B. M. (2018). Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss. (Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809339

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Van De Stroet, Brian M. “Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss.” 2018. Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809339.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Van De Stroet, Brian M. “Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss.” 2018. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Van De Stroet BM. Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss. [Internet] [Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809339.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Van De Stroet BM. Palmer Amaranth in South Dakota| Growth, Herbicidal Control, and Soybean Yield Loss. [Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10809339

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Riverside

20. Hoisington, Nicholas Ryan. Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin.

Degree: Plant Biology, 2013, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3115w27z

► Methiozolin is a new herbicide from South Korea currently under development for pre- (PRE) and postemergence (POST) control of annual bluegrass in bentgrass and most… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hoisington, N. R. (2013). Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3115w27z

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hoisington, Nicholas Ryan. “Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin.” 2013. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3115w27z.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hoisington, Nicholas Ryan. “Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin.” 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Hoisington NR. Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3115w27z.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hoisington NR. Bentgrass (Agrostis spp.) Species and Cultivar Tolerance to Methiozolin. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2013. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3115w27z

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Riverside

21. Siebert Wooldridge, Toni Jean. Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae.

Degree: Plant Biology, 2016, University of California – Riverside

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1904r6x3

► Distant Citrus relatives often possess genetically-based traits that can be useful for the improvement of standard Citrus cultivars, such as natural resistance to pathogens. Thus,… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Siebert Wooldridge, T. J. (2016). Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae. (Thesis). University of California – Riverside. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1904r6x3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Siebert Wooldridge, Toni Jean. “Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae.” 2016. Thesis, University of California – Riverside. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1904r6x3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Siebert Wooldridge, Toni Jean. “Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae.” 2016. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Siebert Wooldridge TJ. Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2016. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1904r6x3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Siebert Wooldridge TJ. Cross-Compatibility, Graft-Compatibility, and Phylogenetic Relationships in the Aurantioideae: New Data From the Balsamocitrinae. [Thesis]. University of California – Riverside; 2016. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/1904r6x3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Southern Cross University

22. Beattie, Karren D. Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species.

Degree: 2009, Southern Cross University

URL: http://epubs.scu.edu.au/theses/142

► The aim of this study was to isolate and characterise biologically active compounds from endemic Australian plants. A total of 6 novel, and 26 known… (more)

▼ The aim of this study was to isolate and characterise biologically active compounds from endemic Australian plants. A total of 6 novel, and 26 known compounds have been isolated throughout the course of this work. A comprehensive investigation of the GC-MS chemical profile of C. cunninghamii leaf essential oil found that thymol (1) cis-chrysanthenyl acetate (4), myrtenyl acetate (2), myrtenol (3) and cis-chrsanthenol (5) were the major constituents. The essential oil and crude solvent extracts of C. cunninghamii possessed significant antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity. A 50% aqueous ethanol extract was demonstrated to possess multiple modes of anti-inflammatory action. The crude extract was found to significantly inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 cyclooxygenases and was comparable to the positive controls; Ibuprofen and Celebrex respectively. The crude extract also exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in the nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factoralpha (TNF-α) assays, but did not show inhibition in the lipoxygenase (LO) assay. A total of seventeen compounds, of which 10, 6, 7, 8 and 9 are novel, have been identified from the aqueous-ethanolic extract of C. cunninghamii. Five flavonoids; axillarin (16), isokaempferide (17), 4’,5,7-trihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxyflavone (18), jaceidin (19), and 2’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-methoxyflavone-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (10) were isolated from the flowers of C. cunninghamii. A series of caffeic acids were isolated as the major component of the stems, these included; chlorogenic acid (12) and its methyl ester (13), caffeic acid ethyl ester (11), isochlorogenic acid A (14) macroantoin G (15) and the novel 4ξ,5ξ-di-O-caffeoyl-2,6ξ-dihydroxyhept-2-ene-1,7- dioic acid (6) and its 1-methyl ester (7), 7-methyl ester (8) and 1,7-dimethylester (9) derivatives. Lastly, arnicolide C (20) a sesquiterpene lactone, 3-hydroxykaura-9(11),16- diene-18-oic acid (21) and 8-hydroxy-9,10-diisobutyryloxythymol (23) were characterised by spectroscopic methods. All of the compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity, as determined by the inhibition of prostaglandin E2 in 3T3 fibroblast cells. All compounds, inhibited PGE2 production to some extent, at a concentration of 31.25 μg/mL. The flavonoids 10 and 16-19 were the most active compounds. The caffeic acids 6-9, 12-14 and the thymol derivative 23 also significantly inhibited PGE2 production. The IC50 values were determined for the novel compounds; 10, 6, 7, 8 and 9, as 1.47, 2.48, 4.73, 5.54 and 1.26 μM, respectively. These novel compounds were more potent than the positive control, aspirin, which was found to inhibit PGE2 production by 42% at a concentration of 18 μM. Antioxidant activity, as determined by oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) has also been attributed to both the flavonoids; 10, 16-19 and caffeic acid compounds; 6-9 and 12-14. The antioxidant capacity of these compounds was found to be comparable to epicatechin, a major antioxidant constituent of green tea. A detailed analysis of the wood, leaf, branch and root oil of E.…

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Beattie, K. D. (2009). Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species. (Thesis). Southern Cross University. Retrieved from http://epubs.scu.edu.au/theses/142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Beattie, Karren D. “Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species.” 2009. Thesis, Southern Cross University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://epubs.scu.edu.au/theses/142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Beattie, Karren D. “Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species.” 2009. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Beattie KD. Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species. [Internet] [Thesis]. Southern Cross University; 2009. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://epubs.scu.edu.au/theses/142.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Beattie KD. Phytochemical studies and bioactivity of Centipeda and Eremophila species. [Thesis]. Southern Cross University; 2009. Available from: http://epubs.scu.edu.au/theses/142

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University

23. Philomin Juliana, FNU. GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT .

Degree: 2017, Cornell University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/47821

► Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major food crops in the world that is grown on more land area than any other commercial… (more)

▼ Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major food crops in the world that is grown on more land area than any other commercial crop. The demand for wheat is expected to increase by 60% by 2050 which cannot be met with the current yield gain of 1%. Hence, it is important to evaluate different strategies for increasing the genetic gain in wheat. With this focus, we evaluated two strategies, genomic prediction and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for disease resistance in CIMMYT’s international bread wheat screening nurseries (IBWSN). Our objective was to compare different prediction models for resistance to leaf rust (LR), stem rust (SR), stripe rust (STR), Septoria tritici blotch (STB), Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) and tan spot (TS) in the 45th and 46th IBWSN entries. The prediction models tested include: Least-squares (LS), genomic-BLUP (G-BLUP), Bayesian ridge regression (BRR), Bayes A (BA), Bayes B (BB), Bayes C (BC), Bayesian least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (BL), reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) markers (RKHS-M), RKHS pedigree (RKHS-P) and RKHS markers and pedigree (RKHS-MP). The 333 lines in the 45th IBWSN and the 313 lines in the 46th IBWSN were genotyped using genotyping-by-sequencing markers. For the rusts, the mean prediction accuracies were 0.74 for LR seedling, 0.56 for LR APR, 0.65 for SR APR, 0.78 for YR seedling and 0.71 for YR APR. For the leaf spotting diseases, the mean genomic prediction accuracies were 0.45 for STB APR, 0.55 for SNB seedling, 0.66 for TS seedling and 0.48 for TS APR. Using genome-wide marker based models resulted in an average of 42-48% increase in accuracy over LS. Overall, the RKHS-MP model gave the highest accuracies, while LS gave the lowest. GWAS was also performed on these traits and several significant markers and candidate genes were identified. We conclude that implementing GWAS and genomic selection in breeding for these diseases would help to achieve higher accuracies and rapid gains from selection. Advisors/Committee Members: Coffman, W Ronnie (committeeMember), Bergstrom, Gary Carlton (committeeMember).

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Philomin Juliana, F. (2017). GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT . (Thesis). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/47821

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Philomin Juliana, FNU. “GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT .” 2017. Thesis, Cornell University. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1813/47821.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Philomin Juliana, FNU. “GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT .” 2017. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Philomin Juliana F. GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT . [Internet] [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/47821.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Philomin Juliana F. GENOMIC PREDICTION AND GENOME WIDE ASSOCIATION MAPPING FOR DISEASE RESISTANCE IN WHEAT . [Thesis]. Cornell University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/47821

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of California – Berkeley

24. Bendix, Claire. The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks.

Degree: Plant Biology, 2015, University of California – Berkeley

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/701101j3

► This work addresses the function of two circadian clock genes in maize, namely gigantea1 (gi1) and gi2, as well as the larger question of the… (more)

▼ This work addresses the function of two circadian clock genes in maize, namely gigantea1 (gi1) and gi2, as well as the larger question of the role that circadian clock genes play in grass species. Previous work on the plant circadian clock has primarily focused on the model genetic system, Arabidopsis thaliana, and the current conception of the clock has been constructed on the basis of this work. Arabidopsis is, however, evolutionary distant from monocot species, such as the grass Zea mays (maize), that are grown as crops. Furthermore, many crop plants have convoluted domestication histories that have resulted in complex genomes containing remnants of entire duplicated genomes. Circadian clock genes are proposed to be preferentially retained after whole genome duplications, and to evolve altered roles when duplicate gene copies persist in genomes. GIGANTEA (GI) is a plant-specific gene that is conserved across vascular plants and plays a central role within plant circadian and developmental processes. Most plants only have one copy, but maize has two, which are both expressed. One approach taken to investigate the roles of the gi genes was to generate gi mutants in maize and evaluate their impacts on clock gene expression, developmental phenotypes, and disease resistance. This analysis showed that gi1 and gi2 have differential effects on clock gene expression, gi2 may play a role in disease resistance, and that phenotypic effects of either mutant are minor compared to the Arabidopsis gi mutants. A second approach was to heterologously express maize GI proteins in yeast to identify protein interaction partners. First, a set of predicted protein interaction partners were computationally identified on the basis of known Arabidopsis GI interactors. Both maize GI proteins were found to interact with homologs of known Arabidopsis interactors in maize, and in some cases, GI1 and GI2 had different interaction strengths. Second, GI1 and GI2 were used as baits in yeast two-hybrid screens against a library generated from maize cDNA to identify putative novel interacting partners. The screen identified a number of novel interaction partners, and found that each GI preferentially interacts with a different set of protein types. Finally, evolutionary trees were elucidated in order to computationally identify orthologs of known circadian clock genes in all three species. In conjunction with this, a comprehensive RNA-Seq timecourse of reference inbred lines for maize, sorghum, and Setaria was performed. This allowed the identification of a number of genes likely involved in the maize circadian clock. Preliminary computational analysis of this extensive dataset indicates that circadian orthologs between the species retain similar phases. For individual genes, altered expression patterns have been found between the species, which could indicate functional innovation. These lines of evidence suggest that genes within the circadian clock have evolved novel properties across plant species. The work presented here shows that even…

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bendix, C. (2015). The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks. (Thesis). University of California – Berkeley. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/701101j3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bendix, Claire. “The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks.” 2015. Thesis, University of California – Berkeley. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/701101j3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bendix, Claire. “The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks.” 2015. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Bendix C. The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/701101j3.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Bendix C. The time has come: of GIGANTEA paralogs and grass circadian clocks. [Thesis]. University of California – Berkeley; 2015. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/701101j3

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

25. Fanfan, Gabrielle. Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638.

Degree: 2018, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry

URL: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622647

► Over the past century, changes in farming practices have resulted in an enormous increase in agricultural productivity. Substantial gains in crop yields were due… (more)

▼ Over the past century, changes in farming practices have resulted in an enormous increase in agricultural productivity. Substantial gains in crop yields were due to several factors, including the use of nitrogen fertilizers and pesticides (Youngquist, 1999). These chemicals are primarily derived from fossil fuels, such as petroleum and natural gas. Considering these are both finite resources, there is a need to develop alternative technologies that boost crop productivity in a sustainable way. Recent studies have proposed the use of endophytes to promote plant growth and increase yields. One specific endophyte, Enterobacter sp. 638, has been shown to enhance plant growth in a variety of hosts. E. 638 produces plant hormones which result in increased biomass (Taghavi et al., 2011). This study measures the effects of inoculation with E. 638 on growth and gene expression in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum ). Two factors, inoculation and stress, were examined for their effects on time to flower, time to first produce fruit and first ripening event, as well as total mass of fruit and vegetative tissue. Stressed conditions were simulated by growing tomato plants in small (19 L) pots in a greenhouse, while unstressed plants were placed outside in larger (∼57 L) pots to minimize restriction of root growth and maintain a more natural environment. Furthermore, this study used qPCR to measure the relative expression of genes involved in auxin transport, cytokinin signaling, ethylene signaling and cell wall expansion in tomato roots. The effects of inoculation on gene expression between control and exposed plants were compared. The results of this study may have major implications to agriculture by reducing cost and reliance on petroleum based chemicals, as well as to the field of plant physiology. Understanding how plants respond to inoculation with E. 638 may lead to a better understanding of plant responses to external stimuli.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant sciences

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fanfan, G. (2018). Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638. (Thesis). State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry. Retrieved from http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fanfan, Gabrielle. “Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638.” 2018. Thesis, State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry. Accessed September 23, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fanfan, Gabrielle. “Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638.” 2018. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Fanfan G. Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638. [Internet] [Thesis]. State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry; 2018. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622647.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Fanfan G. Growth and Molecular Responses of Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato) to Enterobacter sp. 638. [Thesis]. State University of New York Col. of Environmental Science & Forestry; 2018. Available from: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10622647

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

26. Baxter, Holly Lauren. Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field.

Degree: MS, Plant Sciences, 2014, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2702

► Lignin in the cell walls of lignocellulosic biomass limits the accessibility of carbohydrates for breakdown into fermentable sugars and subsequently biofuels. The resistance of… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Baxter, H. L. (2014). Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field. (Thesis). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Baxter, Holly Lauren. “Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field.” 2014. Thesis, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed September 23, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Baxter, Holly Lauren. “Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field.” 2014. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Baxter HL. Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2014. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2702.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Baxter HL. Evaluating the performance of low-lignin transgenic bioenergy feedstocks in the field. [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2014. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2702

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

27. Johnson, Chelsea Renai. Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).

Degree: MS, Plant Sciences, 2017, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4950

► Genetic engineering of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), an emerging cellulosic bioenergy feedstock, has been performed to alter cell walls for improved biofuel conversion. However,… (more)

▼ Genetic engineering of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), an emerging cellulosic bioenergy feedstock, has been performed to alter cell walls for improved biofuel conversion. However, gene flow from transgenic switchgrass presents regulatory issues that may prevent commercialization of the genetically engineered crop in the eastern United States. Depending on its expression level, microRNA156 (miR156) can reduce, delay or eliminate flowering, which may be useful to mitigate transgene flow. However, flowering transition is dependent upon both environmental and genetic cues. In this study of transgenic switchgrass, two low (T14 and T35) and two medium (T27 and T37) miR156 overexpressing ‘Alamo’ lines and nontransgenic control plants were used. A two-year field experiment was performed to compare flowering, reproduction, and biomass yield in eastern Tennessee, U.S.A. Growth chamber studies assessed temperature and photoperiod effects on flowering and reproduction across a simulated latitudinal cline. In the field, medium miR156 overexpression line T37 resulted in the best overall combination of bioconfinement and biomass production. Though line T37 did flower, not all plants produced panicles, and panicle production was delayed in both years. Line T37 also produced fewer panicles, with a 65.9% reduction in year one and 23.8% reduction in year two over controls. T37 panicles produced 70.6% less flowers than control panicles during the second field year with commensurate decreased seed yield: 1205 seeds per plant vs. 18,539 produced by each control. These results are notable given that line T37 produced equivalent vegetative aboveground biomass as controls. In latitudinal simulation growth chambers, elevated temperatures and decreased daylength promoted flowering of the miR156 transgenic switchgrass lines. As temperatures increased and day lengths decreased, more plants in lines T35, T37, and controls produced panicles. The simulated (Ecuador) tropical conditions were the only chambers in which three of the four transgenic lines flowered. These results suggest that miR156 overexpression levels found in transgenic line T37 can be useful for bioconfinement, and the plants can significantly reproduce in tropical conditions, which would enable plant breeding for line improvement. Furthermore, the study suggests additional ways that miR156 can be manipulated to improve both biomass production and bioconfinement. Advisors/Committee Members: C. Neal Stewart Jr., Charles Kwit, Feng Chen.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Johnson, C. R. (2017). Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). (Thesis). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4950

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Johnson, Chelsea Renai. “Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).” 2017. Thesis, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed September 23, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4950.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Johnson, Chelsea Renai. “Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.).” 2017. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Johnson CR. Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2017. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4950.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Johnson CR. Reproduction and bioconfinement of miR156 transgenic switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.). [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2017. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4950

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

28. Bennett, Joe. Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota.

Degree: MS, Natural Resource Management, 2015, South Dakota State University

URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1131

► Variation in precipitation and drought in mixed grass and tallgrass prairies effects vegetative production for cool season and warm season plants. Ranchers and farmers… (more)

▼ Variation in precipitation and drought in mixed grass and tallgrass prairies effects vegetative production for cool season and warm season plants. Ranchers and farmers livelihoods are dependent on adequate annual precipitation and vegetation for cattle production. Historically, in South Dakota drought has occurred in northern mixed grass prairie one out of five years. Cottonwood Range and Livestock Research Station data (Western South Dakota) demonstrated occurrence of spring drought 29% and summer drought 25% of years between 1909-2005. My thesis objectives were to determine management history and spring or summer drought resistance on vegetation production in 1) northern mixed grass prairie; and 2) tallgrass prairie. Stationary rainout shelters were deployed to simulate 50% spring or summer rainfall reduction. 2-yr and 1-yr spring (April-June) and summer (June-August) drought regimes were used to measure resistance in 2014 and 2015 of aboveground biomass in two contrasting plant communities (high productivity/high diversity, low productivity/low diversity) on three ranches (Oacoma, Highmore, and White River) in mixed grass prairie of SD. Tallgrass prairie precipitation treatments, 50% summer drought, ambient (actual rainfall), and 130% normal (30-year average)) were achieved using stationary rainout shelters on areas with different management histories (annual fire, annual mowing, and undisturbed control (no management)) near Volga SD. We tested effects of drought on aboveground plant total and proportion of functional group biomass to total biomass in 2014 and 2015. Aboveground clippings collected in 2014 and 2015 at the end of the growing season showed total biomass and proportion of total biomass for both the mixed grass and tallgrass prairie to be similar among treatments. Management history, but not variation in precipitation, influenced proportion of native warm season versus proportion of introduced cool season grasses. Annual fire and annual mowing plots produced higher proportion of native warm season grasses and lower amounts of cool season grasses compared with undisturbed control. These results suggest that plants in the mixed grass and tallgrass prairies are not affected by two-year manipulations of precipitation. Advisors/Committee Members: Lora Perkins.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bennett, J. (2015). Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1131

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bennett, Joe. “Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota.” 2015. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1131.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bennett, Joe. “Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota.” 2015. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Bennett J. Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1131.

Council of Science Editors:

Bennett J. Effects of Altered Growing Season Precipitation and Management History on Aboveground Biomass Production in Tallgrass and Mixed Grass Prairie of South Dakota. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2015. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1131

29. Karki, David. Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality.

Degree: PhD, Plant Science, 2013, South Dakota State University

URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1446

► Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is primarily grown for human consumption. The ability of wheat flour to produce cohesive dough that retains gas has helped… (more)

▼ Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is primarily grown for human consumption. The ability of wheat flour to produce cohesive dough that retains gas has helped to make it the most widely used cereal ingredient for bread and other baked food products. In addition to superior bake quality, recent awareness on chemo-preventive benefits of wheat has encouraged breeders to develop cultivars with high phenolic compound levels that can potentially alleviate disease occurrence in humans. Bread loaf volume, one of the most important bread-making qualities is assessed by baking loaves of bread; however, this task is resource intensive, especially in a breeding program, where large numbers of genotypes are tested every year. Accurate loaf volume prediction methods can benefit both breeders and millers. At the same time wheat quality researchers are working to develop more useful systems to access different aspect of wheat quality more efficiently than before. Our objectives were i) to investigate phenolic and antioxidant properties of spring and winter wheat genotypes ii) to develop loaf volume prediction models through the use of Neural Network model utilizing Mixograph, Mixolab, and weather variables and, iii) to study relationships of creep and creep-recovery with other rheological properties. Variability in Phenolic compounds was greater in spring wheat genotypes and heritability estimates were moderate. It appears that focused breeding efforts could successfully increase wheat phenolic compound levels. Weather data collected at 20 days after heading showed the highest correlations with bread loaf volume. Neural Network model containing maximum, minimum and night time temperatures produced the highest coefficient of determination in predicting loaf volume. Creep, creep-recovery, and recovery strain percentage showed significant correlations with the Mixograph variables; envelope peak time, envelope width at 8 min, and envelope value at 8 min. Only recovery strain percentage was significantly correlated with four gluten properties, gluten index, wet gluten, dry gluten, and water binding capacity, whereas creep and creep-recovery was significantly correlated with only few gluten properties. Our results show that creep and creep-recovery measurements were not able to completely distinguish wheat genotypes for their end use quality. Nevertheless, valuable insight has been made available to wheat breeders that must make selections for various quality traits as well as growers, millers, and bakers that may be interested in end-use quality assessment and prediction. Advisors/Committee Members: Karl D. Glover.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Karki, D. (2013). Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality. (Doctoral Dissertation). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1446

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Karki, David. “Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1446.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Karki, David. “Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality.” 2013. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Karki D. Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2013. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1446.

Council of Science Editors:

Karki D. Evaluation of Spring Wheat Genotypes for Nutritional and Bread-making Quality. [Doctoral Dissertation]. South Dakota State University; 2013. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/1446

30. Bam, Surendra. Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie.

Degree: MS, Natural Resource Management, 2018, South Dakota State University

URL: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/2702

► Perennial grasslands are remarkably resilient to severe natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Such resiliency largely depends on successful tiller recruitment and establishment from belowground bud… (more)

▼ Perennial grasslands are remarkably resilient to severe natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Such resiliency largely depends on successful tiller recruitment and establishment from belowground bud banks. In the northern Great Plains, introduced perennial smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis) has been rapidly invading and transforming larger tracts of native prairies by replacing native perennial species, such as western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii), reducing biodiversity and quality of habitats, and increasing vulnerability of grasslands to other environmental disturbances. In this study, we evaluated the response of belowground bud production, tiller and rhizome recruitment, and plant establishment between the native P. smithii and the non-native B. inermis to altered precipitation frequency, clipping, and competition with two different controlled greenhouse experiments over two growing seasons. In the first experiment, the treatments consisted of combinations of three precipitation frequencies (every 2d, 8d, and 16d) representing high, medium, and low, two levels of clipping (clipping vs. no-clipping), and two species with 40 replicates for each treatment. One single-leaf seedling of each species was transplanted into individual potting-soil filled pots in mid-June. We initiated precipitation frequency treatments and applied a clipping treatment two weeks after transplanting. Plants were harvested 20 weeks after the treatments had been initiated. The number of tillers and rhizomes based on generation, number of tillers based on location (crown vs. rhizome), and rhizome length were recorded. Three randomly sub-sampled tillers and rhizomes from each generation were dissected to record the number of buds and propagule development. We found B. inermis significantly decreased their number of tillers, rhizomes, rhizome length, and live propagules at the low precipitation frequency, but increased propagule development at medium precipitation frequency. However, P. smithii significantly increased the traits described above under medium precipitation frequency, except for the number of tillers and propagule development, which were not affected at medium and low precipitation frequency. The clipping significantly reduced tiller production for both species and the number of rhizomes for B. inermis. The results indicate that non-native B. inermis may be more susceptible to the altered precipitation frequency and clipping compared to native P. smithii. Native P. smithii may be able to resist the soil moisture variability and clipping effects mediated via the belowground bud banks. The second competition experiment consisted of five treatments including single B. smithii, single P. smithii, pairwise monoculture of B. inermis, pairwise monoculture of P. smithii, and pairwise mixed-culture of B. inermis and P. smithii with 30 replicates for each treatment under every 2d precipitation frequency regime. Double-leaf seedlings of each species were transplanted into individual potting… Advisors/Committee Members: Lan Xu.

Subjects/Keywords: Plant Sciences

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Bam, S. (2018). Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie. (Masters Thesis). South Dakota State University. Retrieved from https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/2702

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Bam, Surendra. “Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie.” 2018. Masters Thesis, South Dakota State University. Accessed September 23, 2019. https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/2702.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Bam, Surendra. “Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie.” 2018. Web. 23 Sep 2019.

Vancouver:

Bam S. Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Sep 23]. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/2702.

Council of Science Editors:

Bam S. Impacts of Altered Precipitation Frequency, Clipping, and Competition on Perennial Grasses Mediated Through Belowground Bud Bank in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie. [Masters Thesis]. South Dakota State University; 2018. Available from: https://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/2702

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