You searched for subject:(Phenotypic Plasticity)
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University of Pretoria
1.
[No author].
Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
.
Degree: 2008, University of Pretoria
URL: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-141433/
► A key factor in studying evolutionary biology is an understanding of the mechanisms organisms utilise in the ongoing process of adaptation. When faced with a…
(more)
▼ A key factor in studying evolutionary biology is an
understanding of the mechanisms organisms utilise in the ongoing
process of adaptation. When faced with a heterogeneous and
unpredictable environment, we expect organisms to evolve either as
specialists or generalists, yet a unifying theory as to which will
evolve is still lacking due to conflicting hypotheses based on
limited empirical evidence.
Phenotypic plasticity allows a single
genotype to express different phenotypes, and has been found as an
adaptive response to changing environments in all major taxa. With
the advent of genomics it has become possible to study the
underlying genetics of this phenomenon. It is however becoming
clear that there is no single principle governing the plastic
response, but rather a complex set of interactions between what
appears to be regulatory and structural genes. With empirical data
only recently becoming more readily available, the modelling of
plastic responses are often still founded on the theoretical
predictions and assumptions for which there is little proof. To
bridge the gap between theory and nature, the challenge facing
scientists today is the construction of experimental systems where
theoretical predictions can be scrutinised. Given that
phenotypic
plasticity is a widespread phenomenon, understanding the magnitude
and constraints of this response is an important issue in the study
of evolution. Models have predicted a correlation between genome
size and
phenotypic plasticity, with increased genome size
(complexity) linked to higher levels of
phenotypic plasticity.
Experimental findings, however, increasingly point to
plasticity
being governed by complicated sets of interactions between various
parts of the genome, the adaptive landscape, and environmental
cues. In the work presented here, a study was designed to test for
a correlation between genome size and the level of
plasticity by,
looking at the fitness response of phages exposed to varying
temperature. Seven phages differing in genome size and genome
composition were used. Genome sizes ranged from 5386 bp to 170 000
bp. Taking advantage of the short generation times of phages,
fitness could be measured as the growth rate per hour, which was
compared among the different phage groups. The growth of large
populations within a constant, controlled environment minimized the
complications of environmental heterogeneity, and allowed for
quantitative measure of the response to different temperatures.
This was used to gain insight into how genome size relates to the
level of
phenotypic plasticity. Limited generation numbers were
allowed for, to ensure population growth could be directly related
to the
plasticity of the genome, since numerous generations would
be required for the effects of selection to become apparent.
Adsorption rates are influenced by temperature, and were therefore
measured to determine if it had a significant effect on the
resulting population density. Results showed a marginal interaction
between genome size and
phenotypic plasticity, with…
Advisors/Committee Members: Prof J M Greeff (advisor), Prof S Durbach (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity of phages;
UCTD
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APA (6th Edition):
author], [. (2008). Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
. (Masters Thesis). University of Pretoria. Retrieved from http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-141433/
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
author], [No. “Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
.” 2008. Masters Thesis, University of Pretoria. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-141433/.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
author], [No. “Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
.” 2008. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
author] [. Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-141433/.
Council of Science Editors:
author] [. Phenotypic plasticity of phages with diverse genome
sizes
. [Masters Thesis]. University of Pretoria; 2008. Available from: http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07092008-141433/

University of Alberta
2.
Neufeld, Chris.
Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises.
Degree: PhD, Department of Biological Sciences, 2011, University of Alberta
URL: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cz30pt329
► One important source of phenotypic variation on which natural selection can act is developmental plasticity (the capacity of a single genotype to produce different environment-dependent…
(more)
▼ One important source of phenotypic variation on which
natural selection can act is developmental plasticity (the capacity
of a single genotype to produce different environment-dependent
forms). Therefore, studies of how the environment influences
development can facilitate our understanding of how natural
selection acts to yield phenotypic evolution. Using the Pacific
barnacle (Balanus glandula Darwin), I explored how functionally
independent appendages (the legs and unusually long penises of
barnacles) respond to widespread spatial and temporal variation in
water velocity and conspecific density. Through field surveys,
reciprocal transplant experiments, and histological sectioning, I
show that barnacle legs and penises appear remarkably well adapted
to spatial and temporal variation in water velocity. Building on
past work on leg form variation, I show that penises from exposed
shores were shorter than, stouter than, and more than twice as
massive for their length, as those from nearby protected bays (this
effect holds true for artificially inflated penises as well). A
transplant experiment confirmed that most of this variation in
penis and leg form variation was due to developmental plasticity.
Penises and legs of barnacles from an exposed shore also had
thicker cuticle, and muscles with greater cross-sectional area (and
shorter sarcomeres) compared to those from a protected shore. Form
variation was consistent with numerous predictions from engineering
theory suggesting that barnacles show dramatic, complex and likely
adaptive variation in leg and penis form among sites that differ
dramatically in water velocity. Additional experiments showed
evidence for and against developmental limits to plasticity in
barnacles. A transplant experiment identified an important (and
asymmetrical) developmental limit to leg-length response time –
likely mediated by food limitation – while a field survey showed
that developmental coupling does not restrict adaptive plastic
responses of legs and penises to multiple conflicting cues
(conspecific density and water velocity). Finally, a two-year
survey of natural populations revealed the first evidence that
barnacles also change leg form seasonally. Together these results
contribute valuable information on the mechanisms of phenotypic
change. This research also sheds light on the circumstances that
allow decoupling of developmental processes to produce novel
combinations of characters on which natural selection can
act.
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic Plasticity; Genitalia; Cirrepedia; Barnacle
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Chicago ·
MLA ·
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APA (6th Edition):
Neufeld, C. (2011). Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Alberta. Retrieved from https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cz30pt329
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Neufeld, Chris. “Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Alberta. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cz30pt329.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Neufeld, Chris. “Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Neufeld C. Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cz30pt329.
Council of Science Editors:
Neufeld C. Morphological plasticity of barnacle feeding legs and
penises. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Alberta; 2011. Available from: https://era.library.ualberta.ca/files/cz30pt329

Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
3.
Van de Ven, Tanja Maria Francisca Nicole.
Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient.
Degree: Faculty of Science, 2012, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012659
► Avian species are known to have the capacity to respond to environmental changes through physiological adjustments. The process whereby organisms adjust their phenotype without genetic…
(more)
▼ Avian species are known to have the capacity to respond to environmental changes through physiological adjustments. The process whereby organisms adjust their phenotype without genetic change is termed phenotypic plasticity and it is mostly observed to be a phenotypic improvement to ecological challenges. Metabolic rate (MR), which is the rate of energy expenditure in a species, is a highly flexible physiological parameter which results in a great diversity of avian standardised metabolic rates. Like birds from high latitudes, Afrotropical bird species are expected to have the capacity to adjust their energy expenditure to match the availability of resources. Previous studies on the flexibility of physiological parameters in birds have focused on the magnitude of change of physiological adjustments and the cues inducing these changes. Comparative research has furthermore investigated metabolic rates across aridity, altitude, latitude and temperature gradients. Recently, a clear dichotomy has become evident with elevated metabolic rates observed in high latitude birds in winter and a down-regulation of metabolic rates observed in birds exposed to low latitude mild winters. In this study, the shape of the reaction norm, the magnitude, the reversibility, the direction and the rate of change of two physiological parameters, basal metabolic rate (BMR) and summit metabolic rate (Msum), were investigated in a coastal and an inland population of Southern Red Bishops (Euplectes orix) through seasonal acclimatisation and laboratory acclimation. Summer and winter basal metabolic rates as well as body mass, were highly flexible traits in free-ranging coastal and inland Red Bishops. Birds acclimatised to a mild coastal climate in winter exhibited reduced basal and summit metabolic rates, whereas birds originating from a more variable inland climate increased basal metabolic rate in winter, but did not show increases of Msum in winter. Red Bishops responded to short term thermal acclimation under laboratory conditions by gradually changing body mass. Acclimation periods of 21 days revealed a negative relationship between body mass and acclimation air temperature. Peak responses of basal metabolic rate to ambient temperature change were observed in both coastal and inland birds between two and eight days after the change in acclimation air temperature. The influences of seasonal acclimatisation on energy expenditure differed between coastal and inland birds, however, during laboratory acclimation individuals from the two populations showed no difference in response. Within the individuals of the coastal and inland Southern Red Bishops, phenotypic flexibility is observed in body mass, basal metabolic rate and summit metabolic rate as a response to environmental changes. This flexibility is thought to increase thermoregulatory capacities of the Southern Red Bishop in different habitats and climates.
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Evolutionary genetics
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Van de Ven, T. M. F. N. (2012). Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient. (Thesis). Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012659
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Van de Ven, Tanja Maria Francisca Nicole. “Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient.” 2012. Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012659.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Van de Ven, Tanja Maria Francisca Nicole. “Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Van de Ven TMFN. Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient. [Internet] [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012659.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Van de Ven TMFN. Phenotypic plasticity of metabolic rate in an afrotropical bird species (Euplectes orix) across a temperature gradient. [Thesis]. Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012659
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Oregon
4.
Valley, Jenna.
Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight.
Degree: PhD, Department of Biology, 2016, University of Oregon
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20714
► Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a single genotype to be expressed as a range of phenotypes in response to environmental variation, is a widespread phenomenon.…
(more)
▼ Phenotypic plasticity, the ability of a single genotype to be expressed as a range of phenotypes in response to environmental variation, is a widespread phenomenon. Documented increasingly among the larval stages of marine organisms,
phenotypic plasticity in the veliger larvae of the marine snail Littorina scutulata was investigated in response to predatory, nutritional, and gravitational stimuli.
Veligers developed rounder shells, smaller apertures, and reinforced aperture margins in response to water-borne cues from predatory crab larvae. The nature and degree of the induced-morphologies depended on cue composition and conferred decreased vulnerability to predation.
Food-limited veligers developed larger feeding and swimming structures (vela) with longer cilia relative to shell size compared to larvae raised with high food. This inducible offense corresponded with a decrease in vertical swimming speed, an unexpected result possibly reflecting behavioral manipulation of individual velar components. A cell proliferation assay indicated that growth of the larger structure was achieved partially by a steady rate of cell division over a longer period of time; an initially higher level of cell proliferation in veligers raised on high food dropped off sharply.
Velar lobe asymmetry, where one lobe is larger than the other, may exist to offset an asymmetry in weight distribution due to how the larval shell is carried. The larger velar
lobe overlies the protruding spire of the larval shell. Bi- and multi-lobed vela get bigger with shell size but follow different rules with regards to the relationship between velar asymmetry and shell asymmetry. Experimental alternations of mass distribution of the larval shell caused changes in the ratio of area between each side of the velum and total velar growth for larvae of L. scutulata.
Following settlement and metamorphosis, juveniles of intertidal marine invertebrates are
subject to additional stressors that can manifest as
phenotypic variation. Color differences between juvenile and adult Strongylocentrotus purpuratus were shown to be caused by variation in light exposure. Green juveniles raised in sunlight turned purple (due to more pigment) and showed decreased susceptibility to artificial UVR than urchins kept in the dark, which remained green (due to less pigment).
This dissertation includes previously unpublished co-authored material.
Advisors/Committee Members: Roy, Barbara (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Urchin; Veliger larvae
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Valley, J. (2016). Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Oregon. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20714
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Valley, Jenna. “Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Oregon. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20714.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Valley, Jenna. “Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Valley J. Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Oregon; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20714.
Council of Science Editors:
Valley J. Phenotyptic Plasticity in Larval and Juvenile Marine Invertebrates: Effects of Predators, Food, Gravity, and Sunlight. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Oregon; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/20714

Queens University
5.
Turko, Patrick.
Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
.
Degree: Biology, 2012, Queens University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6936
► The hybridizing Daphnia mendotae and D. dentifera (Crustacea: Cladocera) are sympatric throughout much of North America, and are considered a cryptic species complex due to…
(more)
▼ The hybridizing Daphnia mendotae and D. dentifera (Crustacea: Cladocera) are sympatric
throughout much of North America, and are considered a cryptic species complex due to their lack of
phylogenetically informative morphological characters. They appear to have no biological mating
barriers: hybrids may dominate or coexist with either or both parental species, and are sexually
competent, forming both F2 hybrids and back-crosses. Nevertheless, the two species remain distinct.
There is observational evidence that separation may be enforced by adaptation to different predation
regimes: D. mendotae, with its greater anti-predator morphological plasticity, may out-compete D.
dentifera under intense invertebrate predation, while the smaller D. dentifera may be better adapted to
avoid predation by visually feeding fish. We tested this idea by examining whether D. mendotae and D.
dentifera differ in ecologically relevant life history and morphological traits. We performed a replicated
life history experiment involving 6 replicates of 6 clones within each species, and measured time until
first reproduction, fecundity, and juvenile and population growth rates. In parallel, we examined
whether these species differed in morphological traits predicted to arise from adaptation to different
predator types, and tested the ecological relevance of these traits by exposing Daphnia to predation by
the invasive cladoceran Bythotrephes longimanus. Finally, we examined the plasticity of life history,
morphology, and susceptibility to predation by rearing Daphnia under exposure to Bythotrephes
chemical cues for two generations. D. mendotae and D. dentifera differed across almost all measured
life history and morphological traits in directions that accord with our hypotheses, strongly suggesting
that their species boundaries are maintained by adaptation to different predation regimes. Plastic
reaction to Bythotrephes, however, was weak and inconsistent, suggesting that these species either do
not detect or respond to this recent invader, or that their responses are manifested in other ways.
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic Plasticity
;
Ecological Speciation
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Turko, P. (2012). Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
. (Thesis). Queens University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6936
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Turko, Patrick. “Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
.” 2012. Thesis, Queens University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6936.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Turko, Patrick. “Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Turko P. Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Queens University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6936.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Turko P. Ecological Differentiation in a Hybridizing Cryptic Species Complex
. [Thesis]. Queens University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1974/6936
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of New South Wales
6.
Fazlioglu, Fatih.
The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants.
Degree: Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2016, University of New South Wales
URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55963
;
https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:39726/SOURCE02?view=true
► Phenotypic plasticity and ecological specialization play vital roles in plant adaptations across habitats. These two fundamental strategies appear to be opposing due to the assumption…
(more)
▼ Phenotypic plasticity and ecological specialization play vital roles in plant adaptations across habitats. These two fundamental strategies appear to be opposing due to the assumption that specialization reduces the ability (i.e.
plasticity) to respond environmental changes. Despite extensive research on
phenotypic plasticity, our understanding of this complex property is still limited. This thesis examines the interplay between
plasticity and specialization together with reproductive and competitive strategies of plants. Firstly, I conducted a data-synthesis for the first time in literature to test specialization hypothesis and the role of reproductive strategies in habitat specialization. I found that non-clonal plants expressed greater
plasticity than clonal plants. Moreover, specialization to relatively benign habitats did not result in greater performance
plasticity; contrary to the specialization hypothesis predictions. Secondly, I examined
plasticity and consequences of specialization in an altitudinal gradient following a population expansion from relatively good to more stressful habitats. I tested if specialization is linked with a general loss of
plasticity. Specialization to a higher abiotic stress was associated with adaptive
plasticity loss in functional traits. Therefore, specialization may limit plant responses to future environmental changes. Thirdly, I studied how simulated competition affects plant life histories and growth forms, and the role of shade avoidance
plasticity. I found that all of our species invested more to reproduction under simulated competition. Interestingly, I also found that shade avoidance
plasticity can increase reproductive efficiency. Therefore, shade avoidance can be regarded as a strategy to increase reproduction and not only a competitive strategy as has been predicted. Lastly, I tested specialization hypothesis along an environmental stress gradient by comparing plastic responses of a high stress mine site and low stress adjacent area populations. There was no performance difference between populations across pH treatments. The overall result did not support the specialization hypothesis and suggested that the species have invaded mine sites are either extreme generalists or retain stress tolerant genotypes. In conclusion, although the evolution of specialization is common in nature,
plasticity expression in my experiments did not follow the patterns predicted by the specialization hypothesis.
Advisors/Committee Members: Bonser, Stephen, Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW, Moles, Angela, Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW.
Subjects/Keywords: Plants; Phenotypic plasticity; Ecological specialization
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Fazlioglu, F. (2016). The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55963 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:39726/SOURCE02?view=true
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fazlioglu, Fatih. “The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55963 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:39726/SOURCE02?view=true.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fazlioglu, Fatih. “The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Fazlioglu F. The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55963 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:39726/SOURCE02?view=true.
Council of Science Editors:
Fazlioglu F. The role and pattern of phenotypic plasticity in ecological specialization of plants. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2016. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55963 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:39726/SOURCE02?view=true
7.
Herrera, Freddy O.
The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments.
Degree: 2013, NC Docks
URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Herrera_uncg_0154M_11253.pdf
► Biological invasions have been argued to be facilitated by phenotypic plasticity. Although experiments have shown plasticity can be adaptive, our current understanding is limited to…
(more)
▼ Biological invasions have been argued to be facilitated by phenotypic plasticity. Although experiments have shown plasticity can be adaptive, our current understanding is limited to comparative studies that measure plasticity between invasive and non-invasive species or populations. Because plasticity in a trait is a property of a genotype, a more effective test would measure the fitness effects of genotypes that vary in plasticity. I used this approach to conduct an experiment using native European Plantago lanceolata genotypes that expressed plasticity in multiple reproductive traits. I transplanted these genotypes into two novel environments that differ in thermal regime during the reproductive season and measured the fitness effects of plasticity and source latitude. Results were consistent with the hypothesis that plasticity improves reproductive success in novel environments. However, the fitness effects of plasticity varied by trait, and environment. Phenotypic-selection analyses showed evidence of stabilizing selection for onset plasticity and directional selection favoring plasticity in stalk length and spike length. Results also provided evidence that source latitude and plasticity affect reproductive success independently of each other and that the effects differ between reproductive years. Phenotypic-selection analyses showed evidence that as source latitude increased, reproductive success increased in the short and cool environment but only in 2012. My results suggest that the role of plasticity should be examined in multiple vegetative and reproductive traits.
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Plantago $x Genetics
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Herrera, F. O. (2013). The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments. (Thesis). NC Docks. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Herrera_uncg_0154M_11253.pdf
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Herrera, Freddy O. “The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments.” 2013. Thesis, NC Docks. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Herrera_uncg_0154M_11253.pdf.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Herrera, Freddy O. “The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Herrera FO. The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments. [Internet] [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Herrera_uncg_0154M_11253.pdf.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Herrera FO. The role of phenotypic plasticity in the colonization of novel environments. [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2013. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Herrera_uncg_0154M_11253.pdf
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Cornell University
8.
Cortez, Michael.
Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems.
Degree: PhD, Applied Mathematics, 2011, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33579
► Interspecific interactions depend not only on the population densities of the interacting species, but on their phenotypes as well. Variation in ecologically important species traits…
(more)
▼ Interspecific interactions depend not only on the population densities of the interacting species, but on their phenotypes as well. Variation in ecologically important species traits can be heritable or plastic in nature and both yield
phenotypic change that occurs at rates comparable to or faster than those of ecological dynamics. This thesis explores how the effects of heritable and plastic
phenotypic variation on community dynamics can be captured under one unifying theory using the theory of fast-slow dynamical systems. The analysis presented here focuses on the limit where
phenotypic change occurs faster than changes in species' abundances in predator-prey systems. This approach reduces model dimension and yields analytical results and graphical methods with predictive power about when new and unique dynamics will arise in ecological systems with rapid
phenotypic change. In addition, while explicitly assuming a separation of time scales, the analysis of the fast adaptation limit yields insight into the consequences of adaptive change when the rates of the adaptive and ecological processes are comparable. The results presented here show that evolution and
phenotypic plasticity have different effects on the community dynamics of predator-prey systems. Rapid evolution has the potential to stabilize or destabilize population oscillations while
phenotypic plasticity only stabilizes population oscillations. Evo- lution can also yield population oscillations where the predator and prey are completely out-of-phase or one species oscillates while the other remains essentially constant. These two behaviors are not possible in phenotypically plastic or phenotypically fixed predator-prey systems. This thesis also presents an analysis of the dynamics that arise in the vicinity of a transversal intersection of the critical manifold in multiple time scale biological systems. Such intersections are generic in fast-slow eco-evolutionary models and the results presented here show that complex dynamics arise near the transversal intersections of the critical manifold. These dynamics arise in regions of parameter space where periodic orbits exist and in phase space where the fast-slow structure of the system is no longer present.
Advisors/Committee Members: Ellner, Stephen Paul (chair), Hairston Jr, Nelson George (committee member), Guckenheimer, John Mark (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: phenotypic plasticity; rapid evolution; fast-slow systems
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APA (6th Edition):
Cortez, M. (2011). Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33579
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cortez, Michael. “Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33579.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cortez, Michael. “Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Cortez M. Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33579.
Council of Science Editors:
Cortez M. Understanding The Effects Of Rapid Adaptation On Predator-Prey Interactions Using The Theory Of Fast-Slow Dynamical Systems. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/33579

Texas A&M University
9.
Owings, Charity Grace 1987-.
Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas.
Degree: MS, Entomology, 2012, Texas A&M University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148208
► Forensic entomology is a well-established science linking arthropod biology and ecology to legal investigations. Specifically, immature development on a decomposing corpse may give insight into…
(more)
▼ Forensic entomology is a well-established science linking arthropod biology and ecology to legal investigations. Specifically, immature development on a decomposing corpse may give insight into the minimum time elapsed since death. Until recently, biological variation within a single species has been overlooked when estimating colonization events. Variation in the form of
phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple phenotypes under alternative stresses, has been documented in genetic and ecological literature and spans across all phyla. Taking this into account, different subpopulations of forensically pertinent insect species should also possess the ability to adapt to changing environments as geographic distribution increases. Thus, plastic responses of a species to alternative stresses may be measured in biological parameters, such as development time.
In this research, three geographically distinct strains of the blow fly Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera Calliphoridae) were reared in two distinct environments in order to measure development time, as well as pupal and adult masses. Strains exhibited genetic variance when compared to each other, and each strain exhibited variable responses across environments (
phenotypic plasticity).
Plasticity in the form of genotype by environment (GxE) interactions was also exhibited by C. macellaria, although consistent adherence to any single rule explaining ontogenetic trends was not apparent. This research supports the existence of intraspecific variation in a common blow fly of forensic importance. Results of this study will impact the forensic entomology community by encouraging the generation of either strain;specific developmental datasets or statistical models to minimize variation caused by genetic, environment, or GxE effects in order to compare developmental data across strains.
Advisors/Committee Members: Tomberlin, Jeffery K (advisor), Tarone, Aaron M (committee member), Lacher, Thomas E (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: forensic entomology; Texas; blow fly; Phenotypic plasticity
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APA (6th Edition):
Owings, C. G. 1. (2012). Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas. (Masters Thesis). Texas A&M University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148208
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Owings, Charity Grace 1987-. “Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas.” 2012. Masters Thesis, Texas A&M University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148208.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Owings, Charity Grace 1987-. “Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas.” 2012. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Owings CG1. Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148208.
Council of Science Editors:
Owings CG1. Developmental Plasticity of Cochliomyia macellaria Fabricius (Diptera: Calliphoridae) from Three Distinct Ecoregions in Texas. [Masters Thesis]. Texas A&M University; 2012. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/148208

McMaster University
10.
Ivy, Catherine.
HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS).
Degree: PhD, 2020, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25533
► For animals at high altitude, low oxygen (hypoxia) is an unremitting stressor that has the potential to impair metabolism and performance. The hypoxic chemoreflex senses…
(more)
▼ For animals at high altitude, low oxygen (hypoxia) is an unremitting stressor that has the potential to impair metabolism and performance. The hypoxic chemoreflex senses reductions in the partial pressure of O2 in the arterial blood and thus elicits many of the physiological responses to hypoxia, including increases in breathing and activation of the sympathetic nervous system. The hypoxic chemoreflex is vital to surviving acute exposure to severe hypoxia, but the advantage of this reflex during chronic hypoxia is less clear. The goals of my thesis were to examine how control of breathing by the hypoxic chemoreflex has evolved in high-altitude natives to maintain O2 transport in chronic hypoxia, and to elucidate the potential genetic mechanisms that were involved. This was accomplished using deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) native to high- and low-altitudes, in addition to a strictly low-altitude species (P. leucopus). I found that high-altitude deer mice breathe with higher total ventilation using preferentially deeper breaths, contributing to higher O2 saturation of arterial blood, but in contrast to lowland mice highlanders do not exhibit ventilatory plasticity in response to chronic hypoxia. These phenotypes appeared to be uniquely evolved in the highland population and arise during the onset of endothermy in early post-natal development. I then used second-generation inter-population hybrids to evaluate the effects of genetic variation (specifically, in the hypoxia-inducible factor 2a gene Epas1 and in haemoglobin genes) on an admixed genomic background. The high-altitude variant of α-globin could completely explain the deep breathing pattern of highland mice, whereas the high-altitude variant of Epas1 and possibly β-globin contributed to their apparent lack of ventilatory plasticity in response to chronic hypoxia. Together, the physiological changes elicited by these mutations contribute to maintaining O2 uptake and metabolism in the cold and hypoxic environment at high altitude.
Thesis
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
High-altitude environments are amongst the harshest on earth, with extremely low levels of oxygen, but some animals not only survive but thrive in these conditions. How these animals do so was previously not well understood. My thesis has uncovered how the evolution of respiratory physiology contributes to high-altitude adaptation in the deer mouse, the species with the broadest altitudinal distribution of any North American mammal, and has elucidated the genetic mechanisms involved. My work contributes to understanding nature’s solutions to oxygen deprivation – an all too common problem in many human and animal diseases.
Advisors/Committee Members: Scott, Graham, Biology.
Subjects/Keywords: Hypoxia; Genetic adaptation; Phenotypic plasticity; Carotid body
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
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APA (6th Edition):
Ivy, C. (2020). HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS). (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25533
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Ivy, Catherine. “HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS).” 2020. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25533.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Ivy, Catherine. “HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS).” 2020. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Ivy C. HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25533.
Council of Science Editors:
Ivy C. HIGH-ALTITUDE ADAPTATION AND CONTROL OF BREATHING IN DEER MICE (PEROMYSCUS MANICULATUS). [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/25533

University of Houston
11.
Russey, William Andrew 1986-.
THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES.
Degree: PhD, Biology, 2014, University of Houston
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1463
► Variation in morphology results in variation in ecologically relevant performances, which ultimately results in variation in fitness allowing for adaptive evolution. Task performances, such as…
(more)
▼ Variation in morphology results in variation in ecologically relevant performances, which ultimately results in variation in fitness allowing for adaptive evolution. Task performances, such as flight ability, result from the proper scaling of and functional integration of numerous component traits. Morphological variation underlying ecologically relevant task performances can experience strong environmental effects in their expression, or
phenotypic plasticity. Historically, the role
phenotypic plasticity in adaptive evolution has been controversial, although it has garnered increased support in recent decades. Drosophila spp. are globally distributed and exhibit convergent morphological clines in flight morphology, and importantly, they also exhibit patterns of
phenotypic plasticity consistent with these geographic patterns. In the work presented here, I examine if existing patterns of D. melanogaster flight morphology are adaptive regarding flight performance and fitness under the prediction of phenotype-environment matching, wherein the phenotype expressed in an environment enhances fitness in the predicted environment. In the work presented here, I demonstrate (i)
phenotypic plasticity in D. melanogaster exhibits a pattern of adaptive phenotype-environment matching in which an induced phenotype is best-suited for flight at the temperature of development, (ii) the pattern of thermally-induced
phenotypic plasticity facilitates the evolution of upwind flight performance at Cool and Warm flight temperatures, (iii) adaptive evolution by genetic accommodation is a dynamic process and the contribution of traits responding to selection vary and change over time, and finally, (iv) the adaptive pattern of phenotype-environment matching regarding flight performance is only partially realized as an increase to fitness, measured as survival in presence of predators. My dissertation work importantly demonstrates existing patterns of phenotype-environment matching in D. melanogaster, and demonstrates how this pattern facilitates adaptive evolution by genetic accommodation in a complex phenotype that exhibits natural, continuous variation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Frankino, W. Anthony (advisor), Azevedo, Ricardo B. R. (committee member), Cole, Blaine J. (committee member), Roman, Gregg (committee member), Roberts, Stephen P. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Temperature; Drosophila; Flight; Genetic accommodation
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Russey, W. A. 1. (2014). THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1463
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Russey, William Andrew 1986-. “THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES.” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Houston. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1463.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Russey, William Andrew 1986-. “THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES.” 2014. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Russey WA1. THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Houston; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1463.
Council of Science Editors:
Russey WA1. THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE AND ADAPTIVE PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY IN THE EVOLUTION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER MORPHOLOGICAL CLINES. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Houston; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/1463

University of Pennsylvania
12.
O'Brien, Katherine Rogan.
The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila.
Degree: 2014, University of Pennsylvania
URL: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1391
► Environment-dependent phenotypic expression, also known as phenotypic plasticity is exhibited to some degree by all organisms. Natural selection can act on the ability to respond…
(more)
▼ Environment-dependent phenotypic expression, also known as phenotypic plasticity is exhibited to some degree by all organisms. Natural selection can act on the ability to respond to the environment allowing individuals to maintain fitness across heterogeneous environments. However, phenotypic plasticity can also potentially slow the rate of adaptive evolution within a population or result in maladaptive phenotypes. Despite the widespread occurrence and consequence for adaptive evolution, the genetic architecture and specific molecular variants that underlie phenotypic plasticity remain largely unknown. To evaluate patterns of plasticity and the genes that mediate the plastic response this work utilizes Drosophila melanogaster and its close sister specie Drosophila simulans. Individual lines collected from natural populations of D. melanogaster and D. simulans have previously been shown to exhibit phenotypic plasticity for several traits in response to changes in temperature and nutrition. However, these studies do not address patterns of plasticity across heterogeneous environments. To establish that the strength of the plastic response varies within and among natural populations isofemale lines of D. melanogaster and D. simulans were collected from three locations along the east coast and exposed to various larval rearing environment. The geographic pattern in the strength of the plastic response is only present in some traits and absent in others, which highlights the modular nature of phenotypic plasticity. To identify a gene that is able to modulate plasticity across several life history traits this work takes advantage of a candidate gene approach. A previously identified genetic polymorphism in the couch potato (cpo) gene in D. melanogaster mediates the propensity to diapause is shown in this work to affect the individual's ability to respond plastically across several life history traits. The patterns observed in the investigation of cpo parallel the patterns of plasticity observed in natural populations. Thus, polymorphism in cpo gene may play an important role in the meditation of plasticity in natural populations. These findings provide insight into plasticity within natural populations and the genes that underlie the strength of the plastic response.
Subjects/Keywords: Cline; Evolution; Genetics; Phenotypic Plasticity; Biology
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Export
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APA (6th Edition):
O'Brien, K. R. (2014). The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila. (Thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved from https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
O'Brien, Katherine Rogan. “The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila.” 2014. Thesis, University of Pennsylvania. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
O'Brien, Katherine Rogan. “The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila.” 2014. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
O'Brien KR. The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1391.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
O'Brien KR. The Genetic Basis of Phenotypic Plasticity in Natural Populations of Drosophila. [Thesis]. University of Pennsylvania; 2014. Available from: https://repository.upenn.edu/edissertations/1391
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Georgia Tech
13.
Dell, Claire Louise Alice.
Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs.
Degree: PhD, Biology, 2016, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58580
► As a result of human activities, many environments are becoming fragmented into areas with different community compositions and selective regimes. The coral reefs of Fiji…
(more)
▼ As a result of human activities, many environments are becoming fragmented into areas with different community compositions and selective regimes. The coral reefs of Fiji for example, are divided into ‘fished areas’ (fragments subjected to fishing and trampling) and ‘protected areas’ (fragments with little human pressure) that occur in close proximity and now have differing community compositions and selective regimes. Theory predicts that the species able to survive in such conditions should have highly plastic genotypes allowing them to acclimatise to diverse habitats without the time lag required for local adaptation. Here we use two species -Epinephelus merra (a small grouper) and Sargassum polycystum C. Agardh (a brown macroalga)- which are found in both fished and protected reefs, to investigate this plastic response and understand how these species cope in healthy versus degraded environments. We found that the fish E. merra exhibits
plasticity in diet and feeds lower in the food chain in fished reefs than similarly sized conspecifics in protected reefs. The seaweed S. polycystum exhibits
plasticity in defensive traits and is able to induce increased defenses in response to being partially consumed. In addition, we found that dense stands of S. polycystum increased the survival and growth of both recruit-sized and mature-sized S. polycystum ramets, suggesting that Sargassum beds protect conspecifics from grazing by herbivorous fishes and construct conditions that facilitate their growth. Implications for management are discussed.
Advisors/Committee Members: Hay, Mark E. (advisor), Streelman, Todd (committee member), Jiang, Lin (committee member), Stewart, Frank (committee member), Burkepile, Deron (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Coral reef; Marine protected area; Phenotypic plasticity
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Dell, C. L. A. (2016). Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58580
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dell, Claire Louise Alice. “Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58580.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dell, Claire Louise Alice. “Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Dell CLA. Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58580.
Council of Science Editors:
Dell CLA. Acclimating across healthy and degraded reefs. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58580

Georgia Tech
14.
Glastad, Karl M.
Epigenetics in social insects.
Degree: PhD, Biology, 2016, Georgia Tech
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54926
► Virtually all multicellular organisms are capable of developing differently in response to environmental variation. At the molecular level, such developmental plasticity requires interpretation and perpetuation…
(more)
▼ Virtually all multicellular organisms are capable of developing differently in response to environmental variation. At the molecular level, such developmental
plasticity requires interpretation and perpetuation of environmental signals without changing the underlying genotype. Such non-genetic, heritable information is known as epigenetic information. This dissertation examines epigenetic information among social insects, and how differences in such information relate to
phenotypic caste differences. The studies included herein primarily focus on one form of epigenetic information: DNA methylation. In particular, these studies explore DNA methylation as it relates to and impacts (i) alternative phenotype and particular gene expression differences in two social insect species, (ii) histone modifications, another important form of epigenetic information, in insect genomes, and (iii) molecular evolutionary rate of underlying actively transcribed gene sequences. We find that DNA methylation exhibits marked epigenetic and evolutionary associations, and is associated with alternative phenotype in multiple insect species. Thus, DNA methylation is emerging as one important epigenetic mediator of
phenotypic plasticity in social insects.
Advisors/Committee Members: Goodisman, Michael A. D. (advisor), Jordan, King I. (committee member), Yi, Soojin V. (committee member), Streelman, Todd J. (committee member), Gerardo, Nicole M. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Epigenetics; DNA methylation; Social insects; Phenotypic plasticity
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Glastad, K. M. (2016). Epigenetics in social insects. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54926
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Glastad, Karl M. “Epigenetics in social insects.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54926.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Glastad, Karl M. “Epigenetics in social insects.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Glastad KM. Epigenetics in social insects. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54926.
Council of Science Editors:
Glastad KM. Epigenetics in social insects. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54926

University of Guelph
15.
Cochrane, Paige.
Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus.
Degree: MS, Department of Integrative Biology, 2020, University of Guelph
URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23666
► Proper development of the O2 sensing system is essential for survival, particularly in amphibious fishes that may encounter a wide range of environmental O2 levels.…
(more)
▼ Proper development of the O2 sensing system is essential for survival, particularly in amphibious fishes that may encounter a wide range of environmental O2 levels. In this thesis, I investigated how environmental conditions during early life stages modulate the development of O2-sensitive chemoreceptors (neuroepithelial cells; NECs) and the scope for NEC flexibility in the amphibious mangrove rivulus (Kryptolebias marmoratus). NEC development in K. marmoratus was largely unaffected by environmental O2 availability during embryonic stages. However, exposure to fluctuating water-air conditions during larval and juvenile development altered the constitutive skin NEC phenotype, as well as the scope for NEC flexibility in the gills and skin of adults. Collectively, my findings suggest that the larval and/or juvenile stages may represent a critical period during which the development of the O2 sensing system and its capacity for
phenotypic flexibility can be shaped by environmental conditions.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wright, Patricia (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: neuroepithelial cells; early development; phenotypic plasticity; oxygen
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Cochrane, P. (2020). Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23666
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Cochrane, Paige. “Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus.” 2020. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23666.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Cochrane, Paige. “Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus.” 2020. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Cochrane P. Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23666.
Council of Science Editors:
Cochrane P. Developmental plasticity and phenotypic flexibility in the oxygen sensing system of the amphibious fish Kryptolebias marmoratus. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2020. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/23666

University of Sydney
16.
Fernandes, Kenya Euphemia.
Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
.
Degree: 2020, University of Sydney
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23129
► Cryptococcosis, caused by pathogenic yeasts of the Cryptococcus neoformans/ gattii complex, is a fungal disease associated with high mortality rates due in part to an…
(more)
▼ Cryptococcosis, caused by pathogenic yeasts of the Cryptococcus neoformans/ gattii complex, is a fungal disease associated with high mortality rates due in part to an incomplete knowledge of host-pathogen interactions, and a lack of effective antifungals. The aims of this thesis were therefore firstly to investigate the ability of Cryptococcus for phenotypic variation and determine how this affects pathogenicity and clinical outcome, and secondly, to evaluate and develop the antimicrobial compound lactoferrin (LF) as an antifungal for use in future treatments against Cryptococcus. In the first part of this study, virulence-associated phenotypes were found to differ in a species-specific manner in the C. gattii complex. In C. neoformans, an association between the capacity to make different cell types and clinical outcome was found, indicating that strains capable of greater variation may be more able to sustain infection and resist the host response. Together, these results illustrate the importance of cellular plasticity to host-pathogen interactions. In the second part of this study, LF was found to be active across yeast species primarily due to iron chelation, however synergy with antifungal drug amphotericin B (AMB) was independent of iron. In combination, LF+AMB disrupted biofilms, reduced Cryptococcus cell and capsule size and successfully treated infection in an in vivo wax moth model. Enzymatic digestion of LF produced a hydrolysate with substantially improved synergy and a novel 30-residue peptide dubbed lactofungin (LFG) was identified and synthesised. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed LFG to be a successful synergent with AMB, outperforming whole LF and requiring lower AMB dosages. Overall, this thesis has provided insight into the relationship between phenotypic variation and virulence with potential significance to clinical outcome and has identified a novel drug lead with the potential to be developed for use in future antifungal therapies.
Subjects/Keywords: phenotypic plasticity;
cell size;
antifungals;
cryptococcus;
lactoferrin
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APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Fernandes, K. E. (2020). Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
. (Thesis). University of Sydney. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23129
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Fernandes, Kenya Euphemia. “Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
.” 2020. Thesis, University of Sydney. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23129.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Fernandes, Kenya Euphemia. “Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
.” 2020. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Fernandes KE. Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2020. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23129.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Fernandes KE. Phenotypic plasticity in Cryptococcus: clinical outcome & alternative antifungal therapy
. [Thesis]. University of Sydney; 2020. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2123/23129
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
17.
Marshall, Matthew M.
The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata.
Degree: 2017, NC Docks
URL: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Marshall_uncg_0154D_12304.pdf
► Phenotypic plasticity, an individual’s phenotypic response to environmental change, is a fundamental characteristic of all life on earth that plays a central role in adaptation,…
(more)
▼ Phenotypic plasticity, an individual’s phenotypic response to environmental change, is a fundamental characteristic of all life on earth that plays a central role in adaptation, phenotypic differentiation, and speciation. Temperature-sensitive phenotypic plasticity, i.e. thermal plasticity, often increases with latitude, suggesting an increasingly adaptive role of thermal plasticity in predominantly cool, thermally variable environments. While the hypothesis is reasonable, it has not been thoroughly tested. Demonstrating local adaptation of thermal plasticity requires showing that: 1) thermal plasticity increases fitness in high latitude environments, 2) clinal variation arises from natural selection, and not by chance alone, 3) differences in thermal plasticity persist in the presence of gene flow, 4) thermal plasticity has a genetic basis and varies genetically along a latitudinal gradient, 5) thermal plasticity is heritable, and 6) thermal plasticity is a derived phylogenetic character. Today, little is known about the genetic properties of thermal plasticity. I took advantage of natural geographic variation in a widespread perennial herb, Plantago lanceolata to improve our understanding of adaptation along latitudinal clines by examining the genetic features of thermal plasticity. With genetic data I address the questions: 1) Is clinal variation in thermal plasticity best explained by natural selection driven by environmental differences among populations, neutral genetic evolution, or both? 2) What is the genetic architecture of thermal plasticity and single-environment trait variation, and how are they related? 3) Do genetic properties of thermal plasticity mirror phenotypic patterns along a latitudinal gradient? Among 14 European populations of Plantago lanceolata I estimated differentiation in temperature-sensitive floral reflectance plasticity (QST/PST), neutral genetic differentiation (FST & Jost’s D) of AFLP markers, and between-population differences in aspects of the reproductive environment. I used phenotypic QST (PST) vs. FST comparisons to investigate the evolutionary forces responsible for geographic patterns of thermal plasticity, and to determine if differences brought about by neutral evolutionary forces are sufficient to explain these patterns. My data supported the hypothesis that natural selection, driven by environmental properties of the reproductive season, particularly the duration and proportion of time at cool temperatures, has contributed to geographic patterns of thermal plasticity. As between-population differences in these environmental variables increased, differences in thermal plasticity increased more quickly than did neutral genetic differences. To determine the genetic architecture of thermal plasticity I produced an F2 mapping family from parents derived from distant northern and southern European populations that exhibited high (northern parents) and low (southern parents) thermal plasticities of floral reflectance. I then grew parents and offspring in two environments…
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; Natural selection; Plant genetics
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Marshall, M. M. (2017). The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata. (Thesis). NC Docks. Retrieved from http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Marshall_uncg_0154D_12304.pdf
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Marshall, Matthew M. “The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata.” 2017. Thesis, NC Docks. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Marshall_uncg_0154D_12304.pdf.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Marshall, Matthew M. “The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Marshall MM. The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata. [Internet] [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Marshall_uncg_0154D_12304.pdf.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Marshall MM. The genetics of thermal plasticity in Plantago lanceolata. [Thesis]. NC Docks; 2017. Available from: http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/Marshall_uncg_0154D_12304.pdf
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
18.
Shipley, Jeremy Ryan.
ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS.
Degree: PhD, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 2018, Cornell University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59660
► Our understanding of the linkages between developmental environment and emergent phenotypes in non-avian reptiles has grown immensely since the discovery of temperature-based sex determination half…
(more)
▼ Our understanding of the linkages between developmental environment and emergent phenotypes in non-avian reptiles has grown immensely since the discovery of temperature-based sex determination half a century ago, yet little is known how developmental temperature affects avian phenotypes despite their shared evolutionary history. In birds, the sum of knowledge on this topic is restricted to just two precocial families, Megapodidae and Anatidae, where data suggests developmental temperature can have significant effects on avian phenotypes, with important implications for future survival and fitness. In these four chapters, I provide the theoretical justification for future studies on developmental
plasticity based on previous experiments and provide an analytical framework for study. In addition, I use both experimental and long-term datasets to analyze the effects of costly developmental environments in a model Passerine bird, the Tree Swallow (Tachycineta bicolor). Emerging research is beginning to illustrate the developmental environment in birds has the potential to expand our understanding of what drives fitness, survival, and the evolution of life history traits in birds.
Advisors/Committee Members: Winkler, David Ward (chair), Place, Ned J. (committee member), Searle, Jeremy B. (committee member).
Subjects/Keywords: Evolution & development; developmental plasticity; phenotype; phenotypic mismatch; phenotypic plasticity; thermogenic capacity; thermoregulation
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Shipley, J. R. (2018). ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS. (Doctoral Dissertation). Cornell University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59660
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Shipley, Jeremy Ryan. “ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Cornell University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59660.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Shipley, Jeremy Ryan. “ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Shipley JR. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59660.
Council of Science Editors:
Shipley JR. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS ON DEVELOPING BIRDS: SHORT-TERM ADJUSTMENTS WITH LIFE-LONG IMPACTS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Cornell University; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1813/59660

Wesleyan University
19.
Herman, Jacob Joel.
Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations.
Degree: Biology, 2016, Wesleyan University
URL: https://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_diss/70
► Environments experienced by parent individuals can profoundly affect offspring phenotypes. These inherited environmental effects can include specific developmental adjustments that improve offspring growth under…
(more)
▼ Environments experienced by parent individuals can profoundly affect offspring phenotypes. These inherited environmental effects can include specific developmental adjustments that improve offspring growth under the conditions that induced them. Such adaptive transgenerational
plasticity has garnered much research interest, yet it remains unclear over how many generations these effects persist, if they influence fitness, and how they are inherited. Similarly, the molecular basis of adaptive within-generation
plasticity is unclear in most cases. Recent epigenetics research suggests that DNA methylation can mediate adaptive
plasticity, both within and across generations. This dissertation combines
phenotypic plasticity experiments and DNA methylation analysis in order to address these outstanding questions.
Chapter One reviews examples of adaptive transgenerational
plasticity in plants, the potential mechanistic bases of these inherited effects, and their ecological and evolutionary implications. Chapter Two demonstrates that adaptive transgenerational effects of drought stress persist over two generations in the annual plant
Polygonum persicaria. These inherited effects enhanced the growth and survival of grandoffspring grown under severe drought stress. Chapter Three shows, through experimental demethylation, that DNA methylation mediates the inherited effects of drought stress in
P. persicaria. Furthermore, these methylation-mediated effects of parental drought were genotype-specific. A central conclusion of this study is that genotype, epigenotype, and parental soil-moisture environment interact to adaptively influence functional traits in
P. persicaria. Chapter Four examines the relationship between DNA methylation and adaptive within-generation
plasticity. Drought stress, low-nutrient stress, and shade each induced DNA methylation changes, as measured by methylation-sensitive AFLP. However, stress-induced methylation changes were not detected in response to each stress in each genetic line. Because genetic lines expressed similar degrees of adaptive
plasticity, there was not a consistent association between stress-induced changes in phenotypes and methylation patterns. While this
subject requires further study, these results suggest that genotypespecific DNA methylation changes may contribute to the expression of adaptive
plasticity. Such genotypic differences underscore the importance of incorporating genetic variation into ecological epigenetics studies.
Together, these studies indicate that interactions between genotype, epigenotype, and environmental signals – including those in previous generations – are a meaningful source of
phenotypic variation. Further investigating these interactions represents a promising new direction in evolutionary biology.
Advisors/Committee Members: Sonia E. Sultan.
Subjects/Keywords: epigenetics; DNA methylation; transgenerational plasticity; phenotypic plasticity; evolutionary ecology; evolution
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Herman, J. J. (2016). Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations. (Doctoral Dissertation). Wesleyan University. Retrieved from https://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_diss/70
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Herman, Jacob Joel. “Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Wesleyan University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_diss/70.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Herman, Jacob Joel. “Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations.” 2016. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Herman JJ. Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Wesleyan University; 2016. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_diss/70.
Council of Science Editors:
Herman JJ. Epigenetics of Adaptive Plasticity: An Investigation of Plant Responses to Environmental Stress Within and Across Generations. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Wesleyan University; 2016. Available from: https://wesscholar.wesleyan.edu/etd_diss/70

Duke University
20.
Lea, Amanda Jeanne.
Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
.
Degree: 2017, Duke University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/14542
► In many species, early life experiences have striking effects on health, reproduction, and survival in adulthood. Thus, early life conditions shape a range of…
(more)
▼ In many species, early life experiences have striking effects on health, reproduction, and survival in adulthood. Thus, early life conditions shape a range of evolutionarily relevant traits, and in doing so alter the genotype-phenotype relationship and the
phenotypic distribution on which selection acts. Because of the key role early life effects play in generating variation in fitness-related traits, understanding their evolution and mechanistic basis is crucial. To gain traction on these topics, my dissertation draws on ecological, demographic, and genomic data from a long-term study population of wild baboons in Amboseli, Kenya to address three major themes: (i) the adaptive significance of early life effects, (ii) the molecular mechanisms that connect early life experiences with later life traits, and (iii) the development of laboratory tools for understanding the role of one particular mechanism—DNA methylation—in translating environmental inputs into
phenotypic variation. In chapter one, I empirically test two competing explanations for how early life effects evolve, providing novel insight into the evolution of developmental
plasticity in long-lived species. In chapter two, I address the degree to which ecological effects on fitness-related traits are potentially mediated by changes in DNA methylation. Finally, in chapter three, I develop a high-throughput assay to improve our knowledge of the
phenotypic relevance of changes in the epigenome. Together, this work provides some of the first empirical data on the genes and mechanisms involved in sensing and responding to environmental variation in wild mammals, and more generally addresses several critical gaps in our understanding of how early experiences affect evolutionarily relevant traits.
Advisors/Committee Members: Alberts, Susan (advisor), Tung, Jenny (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Biology;
Genetics;
Ecology;
baboon;
developmental plasticity;
DNA methylation;
gene regulation;
phenotypic plasticity
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Lea, A. J. (2017). Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
. (Thesis). Duke University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10161/14542
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Lea, Amanda Jeanne. “Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
.” 2017. Thesis, Duke University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/10161/14542.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Lea, Amanda Jeanne. “Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
.” 2017. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Lea AJ. Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Duke University; 2017. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/14542.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Lea AJ. Evolution and Mechanisms of Plasticity in Wild Baboons (Papio cynocephalus)
. [Thesis]. Duke University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10161/14542
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Ryerson University
21.
Karsou, Abdel Rahman.
Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila.
Degree: 2011, Ryerson University
URL: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1707
► One method of regulating accessibility of DNA is chromatin remodelling via histone post-translational modifications (PTM). Adding an acetyl group to the lysine residues (K) on…
(more)
▼ One method of regulating accessibility of DNA is chromatin remodelling via histone post-translational modifications (PTM). Adding an acetyl group to the lysine residues (K) on the core histone H3 is one of these chemical modifications. Acetylation of H3 on lysine 56 (H3K56ac) is an important histone alteration that is conserved among most if not all eukaryotes including humans. Several histone acetyl transferases (HAT) have been shown to be responsible for H3K56ac in different organisms including Gen5 and p300/CPB in human cells and Rtt109 in fungi including the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition the histone chaperone ASf1, is also required for these modifications in yeast and human cells. The ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila is an effective model organism for studying the function of histone PTMs in certain processes including meiosis and RNA interference. Here, I show that tGen5 has H3 acetylation activity and that tAsf1 binds Histone H3.
Advisors/Committee Members: Fillingham, Jeffrey (Thesis advisor), Ryerson University (Degree grantor).
Subjects/Keywords: Histones; Tetrahymena; Molecular genetics; Phenotypic plasticity; Ciliata – Genetics; Nucleotide sequence
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Karsou, A. R. (2011). Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila. (Thesis). Ryerson University. Retrieved from https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1707
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Karsou, Abdel Rahman. “Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila.” 2011. Thesis, Ryerson University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1707.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Karsou, Abdel Rahman. “Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Karsou AR. Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila. [Internet] [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1707.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Karsou AR. Characterization of ASF1 and GCN5 in the ciliated protozoan tetrahymena thermophila. [Thesis]. Ryerson University; 2011. Available from: https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A1707
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Rochester
22.
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan, Yi Xiang.
The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism.
Degree: PhD, 2018, University of Rochester
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33507
► Phenotypic plasticity is a life-history strategy that allows organisms to match their phenotype to their environmental conditions. Developmental plasticity is a form of phenotypic plasticity…
(more)
▼ Phenotypic plasticity is a life-history strategy
that allows organisms to match their phenotype to their
environmental conditions. Developmental plasticity is a form of
phenotypic plasticity where the alternative phenotype is determined
during development by environmental cues, but the matched phenotype
is not realized until adulthood. The ecological aspects of
plasticity of have studied for decades, but the molecular
mechanisms underlying plasticity are less well understood. The goal
of this dissertation was discover candidate molecular mechanisms
controlling plastic alternative morph development. Here we used the
pea aphid wing polyphenism (plasticity with discrete morphs) to
study transcriptional differences during the development of
environmentally-determined morphs. In the pea aphid, the adult
female receives the environmental signal and transmits the signal
to her developing offspring. The developing embryos then
incorporate the maternal signal in to their development and will
mature into winged or wingless morphs. Using the pea aphid we can
separate reception of the environmental cues (received maternally)
from integration of the environmental cue into the embryo’s
developmental program. In the first chapter we review pea aphid
biology and what is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying
alternative morph development in pea aphids. Chapter 2 is an
in-depth study of the variation in winged offspring production
between pea aphid genotypes and individual females where we
discovered evidence of bet-hedging strategies and developed a
method for collecting embryos with known phenotypes. We used
transcriptomic studies to identify alternative splice variants
(Chapter 3) and transcript expression differences (Chapter 4)
between winged and wingless destined embryos. We found extensive
differential splicing between adult morphs, but few differentially
spliced genes between winged and wingless destined embryos (Chapter
3). Studying transcript expression levels, we found an enrichment
of FoxO signaling and a number of insulin related genes suggesting
a role for insulin/FoxO in the development of alternative morphs in
pea aphid embryos (Chapter 4). In addition, the enrichment of FoxO
genes and Imp-L2 indicate a direct link between maternal ecdysone
and embryonic insulin signaling pathways.
Subjects/Keywords: Pea aphid; Phenotypic plasticity; Polyphenism; Insulin signaling; Alternative splicing; Bet-hedging
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan, Y. X. (2018). The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Rochester. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33507
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan, Yi Xiang. “The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Rochester. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33507.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan, Yi Xiang. “The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism.” 2018. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan YX. The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2018. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33507.
Council of Science Editors:
Grantham, Mary Elizabeth; Brisson, Jennifer; Tagu, Denis; Le Trionnaire, Gael; Antonio, Chris J.; O'Neil, Brian R.; Zhan YX. The Evolutionary and molecular basis of the Pea Aphid
wing polyphenism. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Rochester; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1802/33507

Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte
23.
Dantas, Sebastião Gilton.
Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
.
Degree: 2014, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte
URL: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/13517
► The Caatinga is the predominant vegetation type in semi-arid region of Brazil, where many inhabitants depend on hunting and gathering for survival, obtaining resources for:…
(more)
▼ The Caatinga is the predominant vegetation type in semi-arid region of Brazil, where many inhabitants depend on hunting and gathering for survival, obtaining resources for: food and feed, folk medicine, timber production, etc. It‟s the dry ecosystem with highest population density in the world. The early stages of development are the most critical during the life cycle of a flowering plant and they‟re primordial to its establishment in environments exposed to water stress. Information about adjustments to the growth of the species, correlated with their studies of distribution in Seridó oriental potiguar, are an important ecological and economic standpoint, because they provide subsidies for the development of cultivation techniques, to programs of sustainable use and recovery of degraded areas. This thesis aimed to study the initial growth and foliar morphology in plants like Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. (tamboril) and Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth (mulungu), species of occurrence in the Caatinga, under water stress. After sowing and emergency, the seedlings were exposed to three water regimes: 450 (control), 225 (moderate stress) and 112.5 (severe stress) mm of water slide for 40 days. Seeding occurred in bags of 5 kg and after the establishment of seedlings thinning was carried out leaving a plantlet per bag. At the beginning the waterings occurred daily with distilled water, passing to be on alternate days after thinning. Twenty and forty days after the thinning seedlings collections were held to be done analysis of growth and biomass partition. When compared to the control group, the treatments with water stress showed reduction in the growth of the aerial part, growth of the greater root, number of leaves and leaflets, dry leaf area and total phytomass in both species, but in general, this effect was most marked for E. velutina. Regarding the partition of biomass, there were few changes throughout the experiment. Morphological changes in the leaves as a function of stress were not significant, however, there was a trend, in both species, to produce narrower leaves, that facilitate heat loss to the environment. It has not been possible to establish a positive relationship between inhibition of growth and distribution of species, whereas E. velutina is a species of most common occurrence in Seridó oriental potiguar. In this way, other aspects should be taken into account when studying the adaptation of species the dry environments, such as salinity, presence of heavy metals, wind speed, etc
Advisors/Committee Members: Praxedes, Sidney Carlos (advisor), CPF:02106448422 (advisor), http://lattes.cnpq.br/6609231229691480 (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Caatinga. Plasticidade fenotípica. Mulungu. Tamboril;
Caatinga. Phenotypic plasticity. Mulungu. Tamboril
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
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APA (6th Edition):
Dantas, S. G. (2014). Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
. (Thesis). Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Retrieved from http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/13517
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Dantas, Sebastião Gilton. “Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
.” 2014. Thesis, Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/13517.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Dantas, Sebastião Gilton. “Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
.” 2014. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Dantas SG. Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
. [Internet] [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/13517.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Dantas SG. Crescimento inicial e morfologia foliar em plantas de Enterolobium
contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. E Erythrina velutina Mart. ex Benth, sob estresse hídrico
. [Thesis]. Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2014. Available from: http://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/13517
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
24.
Marcela Carlos da Silva.
Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual.
Degree: 2007, Federal University of Uberlândia
URL: http://www.bdtd.ufu.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2272
► A sobrevivência dos organismos em ambientes heterogêneos e instáveis requer algumas vezes ajustes fisiológicos e morfológicos, envolvendo complexos mecanismos reguladores. Por outro lado, os organismos…
(more)
▼ A sobrevivência dos organismos em ambientes heterogêneos e instáveis requer algumas vezes ajustes fisiológicos e morfológicos, envolvendo complexos mecanismos reguladores. Por outro lado, os organismos também possuem certa habilidade para resistir a distúrbios genéticos ou perturbações ambientais durante seu desenvolvimento, produzindo um fenótipo pré - determinado. O objetivo desse trabalho foi verificar se havia diferenças no tamanho e nos níveis de assimetria flutuante (AF) em duas espécies de abelhas Euglossinae coletadas em duas áreas com distintas interferências antrópica e em duas diferentes estações do ano em uma reserva de Floresta Estacional Semidecidual. A AF é freqüentemente utilizada pra estimar estabilidade do desenvolvimento, além de ser um bom indicativo dos níveis de impacto ambiental. Para cada espécie estudada foram escolhidos, aleatoriamente, 60 machos, em cujas asas foram efetuadas quatro medidas para obtenção de um índice multivariado de tamanho e um índice de AF. Não houve diferenças significativas no tamanho de E. nigrita entre os locais (F = 0,251; P= 0,618) e entre estações (F = 0,568; P= 0,454). Os resultados para E. pleosticta indicaram diferenças significativas no tamanho das abelhas entre as estações (F = 20,947; P= 0,001), mas não evidenciaram diferenças no tamanho em relação aos locais (F = 0,109; P = 0,743). Os machos de E. pleosticta apresentaram maior índice de tamanho durante a estação quente e úmida. O maior índice pluviométrico e a conseqüente maior disponibilidade de alimento durante esta estação podem ter tido um papel importante sobre o aumento de biomassa em E. pleosticta neste período. Em relação à AF, não houve diferenças significativas nos caracteres analisados entre os locais e entre as estações, tanto para E. nigrita quanto E. pleosticta. Mas, para E. pleosticta houve significativa interação entre estação*local em uma das medidas efetuadas. As abelhas coletadas na estação quente e úmida que se encontravam na borda da mata eram mais assimétricas que as abelhas da estação fria e seca que se localizavam no interior da mata. Isto indica que o clima e a interferência antrópica juntos influenciaram a estabilidade do desenvolvimento de E. pleosticta. Contrariamente, o mesmo não ocorreu com E. nigrita, que mostrou - se mais resistente às interferências ambientais no seu programa de desenvolvimento. Assim, seu grande potencial plástico tamponaria as condições de estresse, permitindo a manutenção do seu desenvolvimento, como o estabelecido em condições ótimas ou normais, constituindo assim um eficiente mecanismo de estabilidade do desenvolvimento.
The survival of organisms in heterogeneous and instable environment requires sometimes physiologic and morphologic adjustment, thus involving complex regulator mechanisms. On the other hand, the organisms themselves also have a kind of ability to resist either genetic disturbs or environmental troubles while in development, producing a phenotype pre determined. The main purpose of this study is to verify whether there have been…
Advisors/Committee Members: Warwick Estevam Kerr, Cecilia Lomônaco de Paula, Angelo Pires do Prado.
Subjects/Keywords: Plasticidade fenotípica; Assimetria flutuante; Euglossinae; GENETICA; Abelha; Phenotypic plasticity; Fluctuating asymmetry
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Silva, M. C. d. (2007). Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual. (Thesis). Federal University of Uberlândia. Retrieved from http://www.bdtd.ufu.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2272
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Silva, Marcela Carlos da. “Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual.” 2007. Thesis, Federal University of Uberlândia. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://www.bdtd.ufu.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2272.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Silva, Marcela Carlos da. “Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual.” 2007. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Silva MCd. Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual. [Internet] [Thesis]. Federal University of Uberlândia; 2007. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufu.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2272.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Silva MCd. Variação morfológica e assimetria flutuante de abelhas euglossinas (Hymenoptera, Apidae) em diferentes áreas e estações distintas em uma reserva de floresta estacional semidecidual. [Thesis]. Federal University of Uberlândia; 2007. Available from: http://www.bdtd.ufu.br//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2272
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University
25.
File, Amanda.
EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI.
Degree: PhD, 2013, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15289
► Plants and mycorrhizal fungi form a mutualism in which plants donate carbon to the fungus and, in return, receive benefits such as increased nutrient…
(more)
▼ Plants and mycorrhizal fungi form a mutualism in which plants donate carbon to the fungus and, in return, receive benefits such as increased nutrient uptake and water. Mycorrhizal fungi colonize plant roots, forming nutrient exchange structures. The fungi also colonize the soil by growing long strands of hyphae that forage for nutrients and attach plants, forming a common mycorrhizal network (CMN). Plants attached to a well-supported CMN will receive greater benefits than those attached to a lesser CMN because the more carbon donations the fungal partner receives, the more it can grow and colonize the soil, accessing hard to reach soil nutrients. Kin selection theory predicts that relatives should donate more carbon to the fungal partner than non-relatives because benefits gained by neighbouring relatives through the CMN lead to inclusive fitness gains. Thus, social environment, i.e. relatedness of the group, could affect the mycorrhizal mutualism. Moreover, the presence of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil could affect plant responses to their social environment. For my PhD thesis I have investigated whether mycorrhizal fungi respond to plant social environment and whether the presence of mycorrhizal fungi affects plant responses to relatedness. I have addressed these topics in three greenhouse studies and two field studies, using herbaceous plants and trees. I have found strong evidence that siblings have an increased association with their mycorrhizal partner compared to strangers, resulting in greater benefits for siblings. Taken together, the results from this thesis demonstrate that the ability for plants to recognize kin has implications beyond intra-specific competitive interactions and that plant social environment has important effects on a widespread inter-specific mutualism. Additionally, the recently discovered phenomenon of plant kin recognition has been put into the context of mycorrhizae, and I have shown that mycorrhizal plants respond differently to their social environment than non-mycorrhizal plants.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Advisors/Committee Members: Dudley, Susan, Balshine, Sigal, Rollo, CD, Biology.
Subjects/Keywords: plants; kin recognition; mycorrhiza; phenotypic plasticity; mutualism; Biology; Biology
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
File, A. (2013). EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI. (Doctoral Dissertation). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15289
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
File, Amanda. “EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, McMaster University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15289.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
File, Amanda. “EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI.” 2013. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
File A. EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. McMaster University; 2013. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15289.
Council of Science Editors:
File A. EFFECTS OF PLANT SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE MUTUALISTIC INTERACTIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI. [Doctoral Dissertation]. McMaster University; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/15289

Penn State University
26.
RUIZ, DANNISE V.
Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology.
Degree: 2014, Penn State University
URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23606
► The black coral Leiopathes glaberrima is one of the most common species of Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) in the Gulf of Mexico. Dense aggregations of Leiopathes…
(more)
▼ The black coral Leiopathes glaberrima is one of the most common species of Antipatharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) in the Gulf of Mexico. Dense aggregations of Leiopathes fulfill the role of a foundation species as their branching morphology and vertical growth provide substrate and refuge for a variety of deep-sea organisms. This thesis focused on the microsatellite content, spatial distribution, genetic differentiation and response to chemical stress of Leiopathes glaberrima in the Northern Gulf of Mexico.
Microsatellite markers are useful in determining population genetic patterns and in detecting cryptic species yet they can be difficult to develop for Cnidaria. To elucidate the ancestral state of microsatellite dynamics in basal metazoans and develop molecular tools for L. glaberrima, abundance and type of microsatellite motifs were studied in eleven Cnidarian species representing two classes, three subclasses and eight orders within the phylum. Hierarchical clustering and log likelihood ratio tests revealed a weak relationship between phylogeny and microsatellite content. Further, comparisons between cnidaria harboring intracellular dinoflagellates and those that do not, show microsatellite coverage is higher in the latter group. The observed microsatellite patterns support previous studies that found tri- and tetranucleotides to be the most abundant motifs in invertebrates. Differences in microsatellite coverage and composition between symbiotic and non-symbiotic cnidaria suggest the presence/absence of dinoflagellates might place restrictions on the host genome.
The microsatellite survey yielded 10 novel microsatellite markers for the study of L. glaberrima that were used to study gene flow and mating patterns of this species. L. glaberrima inhabits carbonate outcrops in the Northern Gulf of Mexico, where multiple color morphotypes grow in sympatry. Based on both phylogenetic analysis and colony morphology these color morphotypes constitute one species. However, gene flow was disrupted between and within two nearby hard ground sites (distance = 36.4 km). The lineages and color phenotypes occurred in different microhabitats and models of maximum entropy suggested that depth and slope might influence their distribution. Thus, L. glaberrima is one phenotypically plastic foundation species employing a mixed reproductive strategy in the Northern Gulf of Mexico. Utilizing a mixed mating strategy might enable this long-lived species to balance local recruitment with occasional long-distance dispersal to colonize new sites in an environment where habitat is limited.
In the Gulf of Mexico, cold-water corals are mostly found on carbonate outcrops of authigenic origin, which occur in areas associated with hydrocarbon prospecting, drilling and fishing. The recent 2010 oil spill from the MC252 well site exemplified effects of these activities on the deep-sea fauna, and uncovered gaps in the baseline information on deep-sea ecosystems. Here, I used differential gene expression analyses to describe and quantify the…
Advisors/Committee Members: Iliana Brigitta Baums, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Charles Raymond Fisher Jr., Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Claude Walker Depamphilis, Committee Member, Christopher Howard House, Special Member.
Subjects/Keywords: Population genetics; reproductive strategy; phenotypic plasticity; gene expression; black corals
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
RUIZ, . D. V. (2014). Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23606
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
RUIZ, DANNISE V. “Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology.” 2014. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23606.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
RUIZ, DANNISE V. “Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology.” 2014. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
RUIZ DV. Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23606.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
RUIZ DV. Molecular investigations of deep-sea black coral ecology. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2014. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/23606
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

McMaster University
27.
Yakubu, Yussif.
ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX.
Degree: MA, 2011, McMaster University
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/11406
► Theories that engender fundamental transformations in our world view seldom come perfect from the outset for two reasons. First, the empirical discoveries and theoretical…
(more)
▼ Theories that engender fundamental transformations in our world view seldom come perfect from the outset for two reasons. First, the empirical discoveries and theoretical framework necessary for their full explanatory efficacy are often not yet in place. Secondly, as a consequence of the first, some of the auxiliary theories and assumptions they rely upon are often antiquated and erroneous. For these reasons, anomalies are frequent in scientific theories. In this thesis, I discuss some of the major scientific anomalies, including particularly, the paradox of altruism. I suggest that the paradox of altruism arises because one of the most fundamental Mendelian genetic principles is misapplied. I show that today’s explanatory models err in supposing altruism and selfishness to be genetic allelomorphs. The supposition is inconsistent with the field data on altruism, and entails a logical inconsistency in accounting for the evolution of altruism. Largely, the models that purport to resolve the paradox hinge on the conditional expression of the altruistic gene, a move which I argue contradicts the theoretical assumption that engenders the paradox in the first place. I demonstrate from the empirical data that altruism and selfishness are rather plastic phenotypic expressions of a single genotype. And by supplanting the standard neo-Darwinian assumptions with the principle of phenotypic plasticity, I provide a parsimonious account of the evolution and maintenance of altruism which entails no paradox.
Master of Arts (MA)
Advisors/Committee Members: W., Richard T., Singh, Rama, Griffin, Nicholas, Philosophy.
Subjects/Keywords: Altruism; Phenotypic Plasticity; Evolution; Philosophy of Science; Evolution
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Yakubu, Y. (2011). ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/11406
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Yakubu, Yussif. “ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX.” 2011. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://hdl.handle.net/11375/11406.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Yakubu, Yussif. “ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Yakubu Y. ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/11406.
Council of Science Editors:
Yakubu Y. ALTRUISM: ANALYSIS OF A PARADOX. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/11406

Purdue University
28.
Touzinsky, Katherine Flynn.
Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers.
Degree: MS, Ecological Sciences and Engineering, 2015, Purdue University
URL: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/1205
► In the past decade, silver carp (SC; Hypopthalmicthys molitrix) have incited a great quantity of scientific research because their establishment and success in the Midwestern…
(more)
▼ In the past decade, silver carp (SC; Hypopthalmicthys molitrix) have incited a great quantity of scientific research because their establishment and success in the Midwestern U.S. has led to concerns that they could invade the Great Lakes Basin. These previous studies have identified
phenotypic plasticity in SC behavior and spawning as they invade novel environments. Although divergent habitats have been shown to elicit morphological
plasticity in multiple fish species, similar research has not been conducted for SC despite their observed
plasticity in other traits. I examined SC collected from two hydrogeomorphically divergent rivers, the Illinois River (IR) and middle Wabash River (MWR), as examples of rivers that support SC populations at different invasion stages. I compared differences in SC body shapes through geometric morphometric analysis and life history characteristics through population demographics between rivers. MWRSC were in better condition, lived longer, attained greater total lengths, and had higher GSIs than IRSC. Morphometric analysis revealed a significant divergence in body morphology between MWRSC and IRSC, whereby MWRSC had deeper body sections and narrow, tapered heads, while IRSC had shallower bodies and deeper heads. Principle component analysis indicated that contrasts in morphology were most strongly associated with river, as opposed to other factors like sex, hybrid status, and time sampled. While I do not assert causal evidence for the difference in shape based on specific environmental characteristics of the two rivers, I speculate that IRSC and MWRSC are undergoing different selection pressures due to population demographics and environmental characteristics of the two rivers. Regardless of the specific causal factors, it is clear that body shapes were different between the two rivers, suggesting that location-based selective agents are driving
phenotypic outcomes in invasive SC.
Advisors/Committee Members: Reuben R Goforth, Tomas O Höök, Jon J Amberg.
Subjects/Keywords: Asian carp; geometric morphometrics; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; invasive species; phenotypic plasticity
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Touzinsky, K. F. (2015). Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers. (Thesis). Purdue University. Retrieved from https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/1205
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Touzinsky, Katherine Flynn. “Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers.” 2015. Thesis, Purdue University. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/1205.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Touzinsky, Katherine Flynn. “Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers.” 2015. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Touzinsky KF. Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers. [Internet] [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2015. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/1205.
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
Council of Science Editors:
Touzinsky KF. Morphological Plasticity of Invasive Silver Carp in Divergent Midwestern Rivers. [Thesis]. Purdue University; 2015. Available from: https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/open_access_theses/1205
Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Guelph
29.
Turko, Andrew.
INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS.
Degree: MS, Department of Integrative Biology, 2011, University of Guelph
URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3216
► The self-fertilizing mangrove rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus, is an amphibious fish capable of reversible gill remodelling when moving between aquatic and terrestrial environments. In this thesis…
(more)
▼ The self-fertilizing mangrove rivulus, Kryptolebias marmoratus, is an amphibious fish capable of reversible gill remodelling when moving between aquatic and terrestrial environments. In this thesis I determined how plastic morphological and physiological respiratory traits were integrated during transitions between environments. In two isogenic lineages, I found that behaviour (increased emersion) of individual fish caused gill morphological changes (enlargement of the interlamellar cell mass (ILCM)) that reduced gill surface area. I also found that large ILCMs that formed after 7 d of air exposure increased both gill ventilation and critical oxygen tension (Pcrit) when fish returned to water. These results indicate that large ILCMs reduce aquatic respiratory function, and increased gill ventilation was unable to maintain oxygen uptake at extreme levels of hypoxia. Ultimately, this study highlights the trade-offs in gill structure and function during the transition between air and water, and demonstrates that differences in behaviour can generate morphological variation.
Advisors/Committee Members: Wright, Pat (advisor).
Subjects/Keywords: Phenotypic plasticity; respiration; gill remodelling; mangrove rivulus; Kryptolebias marmoratus; amphibious fish
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APA (6th Edition):
Turko, A. (2011). INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3216
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Turko, Andrew. “INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed April 11, 2021.
https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3216.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Turko, Andrew. “INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Turko A. INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3216.
Council of Science Editors:
Turko A. INTEGRATION OF BEHAVIOURAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, AND MORPHOLOGICAL PHENOTYPES IN THE AMPHIBIOUS FISH KRYPTOLEBIAS MARMORATUS. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2011. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/3216

University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh
30.
Rubin, Matthew J.
Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity.
Degree: MS, Biology, 2011, University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh
URL: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/56882
► A Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science - Biology
Phenotypic plasticity, i.e. changes in phenotype with…
(more)
▼ A Thesis Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science - Biology
Phenotypic plasticity, i.e. changes in phenotype with environment, may allow organisms
to produce optimal phenotypes in all environments (adaptive plasticity). There is
considerable discussion about the genetic mechanisms for phenotypic plasticity.
However, there is some agreement that changes in gene expression must be involved. In
order to examine how natural selection has acted on phenotypic plasticity on the trait
bolting time trait (transition to reproduction) and gene expression patterns in past
populations, a set of Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) of Arabidopsis thaliana were
used. We tested the effect of cold-treating seeds (stratification) on bolting time in
Arabidopsis thaliana. Cold stratification of seeds may be one environmental factor
contributing to variation in spring versus fall germination in A. thaliana populations.
Variation in both the direction and degree of plasticity was observed in a set of 120 RILs
screened; genotypic selection analysis showed that past selection had favored bolting
earlier in both environments. Three RILs that displayed extreme plasticities for bolting
time in opposing directions across cold treatments were identified and global gene
expression patterns were measured in a microarray experiment. A total of 294 genes were
identified as being differentially expressed across cold treatments for the three extreme
RILs (Fold change of >2; p-value<0.05). In addition, Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for
bolting time were mapped in the complete set of RILs. Five QTL were mapped in the
cold environment and three QTL were mapped in the no-cold environment explaining
40% and 30% of the observed phenotypic variation, respectively. QTL underlying
variation in bolting time were screened for differentially expressed genes from the
microarray study to identify candidate genes. Ninety-three of the identified genes colocalized
to bolting time QTL, with kinesis and transferases being overrepresented in the
expressed QTLs. Few studies have combined microarray and QTL data, and this study
will offer insight into the genetic mechanism of phenotypic plasticity.
Advisors/Committee Members: Dorn, Lisa.
Subjects/Keywords: DNA microarrays; Climatic changes; Gene mapping; Arabidopsis thaliana; Phenotypic plasticity
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❌
APA ·
Chicago ·
MLA ·
Vancouver ·
CSE |
Export
to Zotero / EndNote / Reference
Manager
APA (6th Edition):
Rubin, M. J. (2011). Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity. (Masters Thesis). University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh. Retrieved from http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/56882
Chicago Manual of Style (16th Edition):
Rubin, Matthew J. “Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh. Accessed April 11, 2021.
http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/56882.
MLA Handbook (7th Edition):
Rubin, Matthew J. “Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity.” 2011. Web. 11 Apr 2021.
Vancouver:
Rubin MJ. Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh; 2011. [cited 2021 Apr 11].
Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/56882.
Council of Science Editors:
Rubin MJ. Quantitative trait loci and global expression patterns offer insight into phenotypic plasticity. [Masters Thesis]. University of Wisconsin – Oshkosh; 2011. Available from: http://digital.library.wisc.edu/1793/56882
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