subject:(Origins of life)

Penn State University

1. Frankel, Erica Ann. Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization.

Degree: 2017, Penn State University

URL: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14674eaf203

► The assembly of molecules and their subsequent reactions that led to the origins of life on Earth nearly four billion years ago remains one of… (more)

▼ The assembly of molecules and their subsequent reactions that led to the origins of life on Earth nearly four billion years ago remains one of the most elusive mysteries in modern science. One of the first steps scientists look along this timeline is how potentially important molecules, such as early forms of peptides, lipids, and nucleic acids, could have formed. In some cases, it seems plausible that these molecules could have been created on Earth through a sequence of reactions with simple precursors, including methane and cyanide, catalyzed by an electric shock. In other cases, it is proposed that meteors that hit the Earth’s surface brought a menagerie of early molecules that could have acted as precursors for the biomolecules that are pertinent in modern biology today. A second step along this timeline that scientists are particularly interested in is how these newly formed molecules could have been concentrated to form some of the first protocells. Environmental conditions such as warm little ponds, which circuitously evaporate and refill, and porous rock, which would attract various charged molecules to their surface, are examples where potentially important molecules could concentrate, interact, and form the first non-membranous compartments. These highly concentrated environments could have facilitated some of the first autocatalyzed reactions, such as ligation, polymerization, and cleavage. RNA was thought to play a key role in some of these initial pertinent reactions, for its dual functionality to autocatalyze self-cleavage/self-ligation reactions and store genetic information. A third step represents a progression from the second, through the cultivation of more advanced self-catalytic systems. One of the biggest challenges in the origins of life is the ability for a system to self-replicate. Under most RNA systems, RNA replication uses a template strand to build a complementary strand off of, one nucleotide at a time. One limitation for early replication methods is strand dissociation of the product-template complex in order to promote turnover of the template. Again, the earliest primordial systems could have used environmental changes such as temperature and pH to denature template-product complexed to allow for turnover to occur. It is important to note that these steps are relatively arbitrary and most likely did not happen sequentially. It is more than possible that many of these events could have occurred at the same time. Moreover, there are many other steps not included herein, and it is almost certainly the case that the number of steps to reach the earliest organisms may be countless. This thesis, however, lies right at the cusp of steps two and three, as it focuses on the compartmentalization and catalysis of RNA molecules. One key obstacle to forming longer polymers of progenitor molecules would be to concentrate precursor molecules into compartments. In Chapter Two, I characterize the compartmentalization of nucleotides in the presence of a long polyamine. The combination of these two… Advisors/Committee Members: Philip C. Bevilacqua, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Philip C. Bevilacqua, Committee Chair/Co-Chair, Scott A Showalter, Committee Member, Amie Kathleen Boal, Committee Member, James Kasting, Outside Member, Christine Dolan Keating, Dissertation Advisor/Co-Advisor, Christine Dolan Keating, Committee Chair/Co-Chair.

Subjects/Keywords: RNA; Catalysis; Compartmentalization; Cooperativity; Origins of Life

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APA (6^th Edition):

Frankel, E. A. (2017). Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization. (Thesis). Penn State University. Retrieved from https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14674eaf203

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Frankel, Erica Ann. “Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization.” 2017. Thesis, Penn State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14674eaf203.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Frankel, Erica Ann. “Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Frankel EA. Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization. [Internet] [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14674eaf203.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Frankel EA. Towards Investigation of RNA Catalysis and Compartmentalization. [Thesis]. Penn State University; 2017. Available from: https://submit-etda.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/14674eaf203

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Chicago

2. Morales Caballero, Felix Leonardo. Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life.

Degree: 2017, University of Illinois – Chicago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/21769

► How did life on Earth begin? It has been recently proposed that chemical entities that formed autocatalytic sets in mineral surfaces could have increased their… (more)

▼ How did life on Earth begin? It has been recently proposed that chemical entities that formed autocatalytic sets in mineral surfaces could have increased their fitness/complexity over time through neighborhood selection. To test this idea, a mineral surface that is swept with a “prebiotic mix” should exhibit growth of these autocatalytic sets. If non-overlapping areas of the surface are exposed, then each area should exhibit similar levels of attachment without apparent growth. A simple microfluidic device is thus proposed as an experimental model for this hypothesis. It uses a laminar-flow technique known as hydrodynamic focusing to expose a given surface to a prebiotic mix stream in a highly controlled manner. In this project, two surface-exposure protocols were developed using a 20 µM-solution of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC): a sweep protocol and a control experiment protocol. The sweep protocol was optimized to accommodate a non-stop 14-day experiment by injecting FITC at 0.5 µL/min, which consumes only 10 mL of reagent. Coupled with a total flanking injection rate of 6 µL/min, the FITC stream had an average width of 264±22.1 µm inside the reaction chamber. For a chamber 2-mm wide, this stream width allowed 11 overlapping stream positions within the chamber. In addition, the control protocol was developed to achieve placement of the FITC stream in non-overlapping positions within the chamber without sweeping. It did so through temporarily increasing the injection rates by two orders of magnitude. Despite this, the stream width obtained was consistent with the sweep protocol´s stream width (262±19.8 µm). The ability of microfluidic devices to provide a suitable experimental model for the origins of life question is thus shown. Using the inherent advantages of microscale flow, the proposed device constitutes the first of many prototypes that aim to test different ramifications of the neighborhood selection hypothesis. Advisors/Committee Members: Eddington, David T (advisor), Magin, Richard (committee member), Xu, Jie (committee member), Eddington, David T (chair).

Subjects/Keywords: Microfluidics Origins of life Iron Sulfur World Autocatalytic Hydrodynamic focusing

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APA (6^th Edition):

Morales Caballero, F. L. (2017). Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life. (Thesis). University of Illinois – Chicago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10027/21769

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Morales Caballero, Felix Leonardo. “Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life.” 2017. Thesis, University of Illinois – Chicago. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10027/21769.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Morales Caballero, Felix Leonardo. “Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Morales Caballero FL. Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/21769.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Morales Caballero FL. Design And Characterization Of A Microfluidic Device For A Preliminary Study On The Origins Of Life. [Thesis]. University of Illinois – Chicago; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10027/21769

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Western Ontario

3. Pontefract, Alexandra Janine. Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada.

Degree: 2013, University of Western Ontario

URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1668

► Meteorite impacts are ubiquitous throughout our solar system and are a fundamental geological process on rocky and icy planetary bodies. Though initially detrimental to biology,… (more)

▼ Meteorite impacts are ubiquitous throughout our solar system and are a fundamental geological process on rocky and icy planetary bodies. Though initially detrimental to biology, an impact event can favourably change the availability and habitability of a substrate for endolithic organisms, which are then able to (re)colonize micro-fractures and pore spaces created during the impact. The colonization of rocks by endolithic communities is an advantageous trait, especially in environments such as hot or cold deserts, where temperature shifts, low water availability and high UV indices pose a significant problem. On Mars, similar conditions – albeit, more extreme – prevail. In these instances, impact structures could provide refuge to endolithic organisms. Previous work has shown the increase of microbial biomass with shock level in sedimentary rocks, related to increases in porosity. However, sedimentary rocks experience a collapse of pore spaces at pressures over ~35 GPa and, thus, do not support endolithic colonization at pressures higher than this. In contrast, the porosity of crystalline rocks such as gneisses increases proportionally until vapourization. This study considers shocked gneisses from the 39 Ma, 23 km diameter Haughton impact structure, Devon Island, Canada, and investigates the relationship between shock metamorphism and microbial colonization. Utilizing a variety of microscopy techniques, the subsurface community was visualized and the biomass levels calculated with increasing shock metamorphism. Average cell abundance was found to increase with shock level, with a maximum of 108 cells/g. It was found that microbial biomass did increase with increasing porosity, and was not affected by reductions in trace element concentrations of the rock, likely being more dependent on exogenous nutrients within meteoric waters or supplied aerially. It can be concluded that crystalline substrates can become habitats for endolithic organisms through the process of impact metamorphism, providing an excellent refuge in extreme environments. On Mars where the substrate is largely basaltic, it is suggested that impact craters would be an excellent target for life detection due to extensive deposits of shocked basalt. These more mafic rocks, coupled with the presence of hydrothermal activity, would have potentially provided significant colonization potential on early Mars and may continue to provide refuge today.

Subjects/Keywords: Impact Crater; Endoliths; Origins of Life; Analogue; Mars; Shocked Gneiss; Biogeochemistry

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pontefract, A. J. (2013). Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1668

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pontefract, Alexandra Janine. “Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada.” 2013. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1668.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pontefract, Alexandra Janine. “Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pontefract AJ. Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1668.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Pontefract AJ. Impact Craters as Habitats for Life: Endolithic Colonization of Shocked Gneiss from the Haughton Impact Structure, Devon Island, Canada. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2013. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/1668

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

4. Mathew, Damien C. Computational studies of origins of life scenarios.

Degree: PhD, 0319, 2011, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18307

► Understanding the origins of life on Earth is one of the most intriguing problems facing science today. In the research presented here, we apply computational… (more)

▼ Understanding the origins of life on Earth is one of the most intriguing problems facing science today. In the research presented here, we apply computational methods to explore origins of life scenarios. In particular, we focus on the origins of the genetic code and the intersection between geochemistry and a primordial ``biochemistry" in which mononucleotides could form short oligoucleotide chains. We also apply quantum chemical methods to a modern biochemical reaction, the charging of tRNA by an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, in order to shed light on the possible chemistry one may want to consider in problems relating to the origins of life. The question of how codons came to be associated with specific amino acids in the present form of the genetic code is one fundamental part of gaining insight into the origins of life. Carl Woese and coworkers designed a series of experiments to test associations between amino acids and nucleobases that may have played a role in establishing the genetic code. Through these experiments it was found that a property of amino acids called the polar requirement (PR) is correlated to the organization of the codon table. No other property of amino acids has been found that correlates with the codon table as well as PR, indicating that PR is uniquely related to the modern genetic code. Using molecular dynamics simulations of amino acids in solutions of water and dimethylpyridine used to experimentally measure PR, we show that variations in the partitioning between the two phases as described by radial distribution functions correlate well with the measured PRs. Partition coefficients based on probability densities of the amino acids in each phase have the linear behavior with base concentration as suggested by the PR experiments. We also investigate the possible roles of inorganic mineral surfaces in catalysis and stabilization of reactions essential for early forms of replicating systems that could have evolved into biochemical processes we know today. We study a proposed origins of life scenario involving the clay montmorillonite, as well as a generalized form of a charged surface, and their catalytic role in forming oligonucleotides from activated mononucleotides. Clay and mineral surfaces are important for concentrating the reactants and for promoting nucleotide polymerization reactions. Using classical molecular dynamics methods we provide atomic details of reactant conformations prior to polynucleotide formation, lending insight into previously reported experimental observations of this phenomenon. The simulations clarify the catalytic role of metal ions, demonstrate that reactions leading to correct linkages take place primarily in the interlayer, and explain the observed sequence selectivity in the elongation of the chain. The study comparing reaction probabilities involving L- and D- chiral forms of the reactants has found enhancement of homochiral over heterochiral products when catalyzed by montmorillonite. Finally, we shift our perspective on the… Advisors/Committee Members: Luthey-Schulten, Zaida A. (advisor), Luthey-Schulten, Zaida A. (Committee Chair), Crofts, Antony R. (committee member), Dunning, Thomas H. (committee member), Schulten, Klaus J. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: origins of life; evolution; molecular dynamics; genetic code

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Mathew, D. C. (2011). Computational studies of origins of life scenarios. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18307

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Mathew, Damien C. “Computational studies of origins of life scenarios.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18307.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Mathew, Damien C. “Computational studies of origins of life scenarios.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Mathew DC. Computational studies of origins of life scenarios. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18307.

Council of Science Editors:

Mathew DC. Computational studies of origins of life scenarios. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Illinois – Urbana-Champaign; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2142/18307

5. Pearce, Ben K. D. The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth.

Degree: MSc, 2017, McMaster University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22309

►

Life on Earth likely began as an RNA world, where cell-free or compartmentalized ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules dominated as the replicating and evolving lifeforms prior… (more)

▼

Life on Earth likely began as an RNA world, where cell-free or compartmentalized ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules dominated as the replicating and evolving lifeforms prior to the emergence of DNA- and protein-based life. The focus of this thesis is on when and how this RNA world emerged. We use astrophysical and geophysical studies to constrain when the Earth was habitable, and biosignature studies to constrain when the Earth was inhabited. From this we obtain a time interval for the emergence of life. Considering all these constraints, we find that the Earth was habitable as early as 4.5 Ga, or as late as 3.9 Ga, depending on whether the early influx of asteroids inhibited life from emerging. The time that the Earth was inhabited is more precisely constrained to 3.7 Ga. This suggests life emerged within 800 Myr, and possibly in < 200 Myr. Between 4.5–3.7 Ga, the continental crust was slowly rising up from the global ocean, providing dry land on which warm little ponds could form. We develop the theory for the emergence of RNA polymers in these pond environments, whose wet-dry cycles promote polymerization. RNA is comprised of chains of nucleotides, and the latter is made up of ribose, phosphate, and a characteristic nucleobase. We numerically model the survival and evolution of nucleobases in warm little ponds from meteorite and interplanetary dust sources. The wet-dry cycles of our ponds are controlled by precipitation, evaporation, and seepage. The nucleobase sinks include photodissociation, seepage, and hydrolysis. Nucleobase and nucleotide seepage is efficient, therefore nucleotides and RNA molecules must have emerged rapidly (< a few years) in order to avoid falling through pores at the base of the pond. We find that meteorites, not interplanetary dust particles, are the dominant source of nucleobases used for RNA synthesis. Finally, under these conditions, we find that first RNA polymers likely emerged before 4.17 Ga.

Thesis

Master of Science (MSc)

Advisors/Committee Members: Pudritz, Ralph, Physics and Astronomy.

Subjects/Keywords: origins of life; astrobiology; planetary science; meteoritics; RNA world; habitability; biosignatures; early Earth

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Pearce, B. K. D. (2017). The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth. (Masters Thesis). McMaster University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22309

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pearce, Ben K D. “The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth.” 2017. Masters Thesis, McMaster University. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22309.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pearce, Ben K D. “The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pearce BKD. The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22309.

Council of Science Editors:

Pearce BKD. The Emergence of the RNA World on the Early Earth. [Masters Thesis]. McMaster University; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11375/22309

University of Guelph

6. Lowe, Alexander. MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE.

Degree: MS, Department of Chemistry, 2013, University of Guelph

URL: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7613

► Models for the origin of life in hydrothermal environments require the thermodynamic data for aqueous adenine solutions. Apparent molar volumes were measured using a Anton… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Densitometry; Calorimetry; Adenine; Self-Assocaition; KCl; Hydrothermal; Origins of Life; Monomer; Density Model; HKF Model

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Lowe, A. (2013). MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE. (Masters Thesis). University of Guelph. Retrieved from https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7613

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lowe, Alexander. “MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE.” 2013. Masters Thesis, University of Guelph. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7613.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lowe, Alexander. “MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lowe A. MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7613.

Council of Science Editors:

Lowe A. MEASURING THE THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF ADENINE; TOWARDS A MODEL FOR THE ORIGINS OF LIFE. [Masters Thesis]. University of Guelph; 2013. Available from: https://atrium.lib.uoguelph.ca/xmlui/handle/10214/7613

7. Chan, Christopher K. W. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Cambridge

URL: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245078https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/5/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/6/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.jpg

► The Sutherland group recently demonstrated that from a mixture of oligoribonucleotide-2'- or 3'-phosphates the latter is chemoselectively acetylated. This is shown to mediate a template-directed… (more)

▼ The Sutherland group recently demonstrated that from a mixture of oligoribonucleotide-2'- or 3'-phosphates the latter is chemoselectively acetylated. This is shown to mediate a template-directed ligation to give predominantly 3',5'-linked RNA that is acetylated at the ligation junction (acetyl-RNA). It was suggested that RNA emerged prebiotically via acetyl-RNA and also is proposed to have favourable genotypic properties due to greater propensity to form duplex structure. To study the properties of acetyl-RNA, their synthesis by solid-phase chemistry was required and described is the design of a 2'/3'-O-acetyl orthogonal protecting group strategy. Key to the orthogonal protecting group strategy is the use of (2-cyanoethoxy)carbonyl for the protection of the nucleobase exocyclic amines and a photolabile solid-phase linker group that allowed partial on-column deprotection. The synthesis of the 2'/3'-O-acetyl and 2'/3'-O-TBDMS phosphoramidites, in addition to preparation of a photolabile solid-phase support, are described. With the materials to hand the procedures for an automated synthesis of acetyl-RNA were optimised and several acetyl-RNA oligonucleotides were synthesised. The duplex stability of acetyl-RNA with up to four sites of 2'-O-acetylation were assessed by UV melting curve analysis. Remarkably, the acetyl groups caused a consistent decrease in Tm of between 3.0-3.2 °C. Thermodynamic parameters indicated a decrease in duplex stability that was consistent with a decrease in hydration of the minor groove resulting in a reduction of the stabilising hydrogen bonding network. The stability of a tetraloop was also found to decrease on acetylation. The acetylated- tetraloop it is able to form duplex at lower concentrations than the natural tetraloop. Additionally, it is more stable at high concentrations, indicating that acetyl-RNA favours duplex over other secondary structure. These properties are considered to give acetyl-RNA competitive advantage for their non-enzymatic replication. Aminoacylation of RNA is an important process in modern biology but the intermediacy of aminoacyl-adenylates is considered to be prebiotically implausible. A potentially prebiotic aminoacylation of nucleoside-3'-phosphates, selective for the 2'-hydroxyl, is presented. However, it was thought the aminoacylation yields could be improved and so a search for an alternative activator was conducted. Oligoribonucleotide-3'-phosphates were exposed to the aminoacylation conditions and selective aminoacylation at only the 2'-hydroxyl of the 3'-end was observed. In particular, the aminoacylation of a trimer lends support to Sutherland’s theory of a linked origin of RNA and coded peptide synthesis.

Subjects/Keywords: Prebiotic chemistry; Origins of life; RNA World; Solid-phase synthesis; UV melting curves; Aminoacylation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chan, C. K. W. (2013). Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245078https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/5/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/6/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.jpg

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chan, Christopher K W. “Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245078https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/5/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/6/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.jpg.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chan, Christopher K W. “Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chan CKW. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245078https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/5/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/6/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.jpg.

Council of Science Editors:

Chan CKW. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2013. Available from: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/245078https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/2/license.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/5/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.txt ; https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/1810/245078/6/Christopher%20Chan%202013.pdf.jpg

University of Arizona

8. Iizuka, Fumie. Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis .

Degree: 2013, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475

► Despite the association of the first pottery with food production and sedentism, case studies show hunter gatherers with different degrees of sedentism commonly adopted ceramics.… (more)

▼ Despite the association of the first pottery with food production and sedentism, case studies show hunter gatherers with different degrees of sedentism commonly adopted ceramics. Monagrillo ware (∼ 4500-3200 BP), central Panama, early in Central America, was made by egalitarian slash and burn farmers, cultivating domesticated seed and root crops. People occupied inland rockshelters and coastal shell middens. Their degree of sedentism is debated. It is unclear whether they were sedentary both in the inland and the coast exchanging resources or whether inland people visited the coast during dry periods. Their pottery functions are not well understood. I provenanced and studied production processes and diagenesis of Monagrillo pottery combining life history approach and archaeometric methods. I assessed the degree of sedentism of people and inferred vessel functions producers expected. I studied diagenesis because it probably affects analytical results. My study showed that pottery was produced and used in the foothills and on the coast, possibly, in the plains, of the seasonally dry Pacific side of Panama. This suggested that people were sedentary in areas surrounding Parita Bay. Vessels from the Pacific foothills were transported to perennially wet Caribbean slopes; where production was difficult due to precipitation. According to technical choices made, I infer that potters in the Pacific foothills opted for useful and dependable designs, for cooking. Transportability and resistance to weathering were also important. Pacific coastal producers may have chosen designs for cooking-related attributes, but not transportation. Finally, a Pacific plains intermediate site had a high proportion of vessels from both the Pacific foothills and the coast and had a high proportion of decorated sherds. This site may have had special functions such as for meeting, feasting, and exchange. All producers shared manufacturing techniques indicating relatedness. Sherds excavated from the Caribbean zone and the Pacific coast had different diagenetic patterns suggesting climatic differences; this identification helped source pottery. My work contributes to knowledge about pottery origins and degrees of sedentism, technical choices made to reach functional needs, and climatic impact on production and post-depositional changes. Advisors/Committee Members: Schiffer, Michael B (advisor), Aldenderfer, Mark S. (committeemember), Killick, David (committeemember), Vandiver, Pamela B. (committeemember), Schiffer, Michael B. (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: Life history; Panama; Pottery origins; Provenancing; Technology and function; Anthropology; Degree of sedentism

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APA (6^th Edition):

Iizuka, F. (2013). Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Iizuka, Fumie. “Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis .” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Iizuka, Fumie. “Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis .” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Iizuka F. Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475.

Council of Science Editors:

Iizuka F. Early Pottery in the Tropics of Panama (Ca. 4,500-3,200 B.P.): Production Processes, Circulation, and Diagenesis . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293475

Georgia Tech

9. He, Christine Yi. Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication.

Degree: PhD, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2017, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59762

► Many hypotheses concerning the nature of early life assume that genetic information was once transferred through the template-directed synthesis of RNA, prior to the evolution… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Viscosity; Nucleic acid replication; RNA world; Prebiotic chemistry; Chemical evolution; Origins of life

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APA (6^th Edition):

He, C. Y. (2017). Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59762

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

He, Christine Yi. “Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59762.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

He, Christine Yi. “Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

He CY. Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59762.

Council of Science Editors:

He CY. Viscous solvents as an environment for nucleic acid replication. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/59762

University of Manchester

10. Islam, Saidul. Studies towards the chemical origins of life.

Degree: PhD, 2011, University of Manchester

URL: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553315

► The 'RNA World' hypothesis states that RNA was the first living system on the primitive Earth, where it carried out dual genotypic and phenotypic functions.… (more)

▼ The 'RNA World' hypothesis states that RNA was the first living system on the primitive Earth, where it carried out dual genotypic and phenotypic functions. Therefore, RNA must have self-assembled by purely chemical means from small prebiotic feedstock molecules. A plausible demonstration of the synthesis of RNA with the natural [5'→3'] phosphodiester linkage, and its self-replication has not been achieved so far. Some have speculated a 'simpler' informational polymer preceded it, and biology based on this polymer subsequently 'invented' RNA. The structurally simpler L-α-threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA) has been proposed as a primordial ancestor to RNA. A study into the potential self-assembly of TNA nucleotides was carried out. It is shown that as a direct result of TNA's structural simplicity, its generational chemistry is more difficult than RNA. The tetrose aminooxazolines are unstable under the conditions of its formation. The tetrose anhydronucleosides efficiently incorporate phosphate to form activated tetrose cytidine-2',3'-cyclic phosphates, but with the wrong stereochemistry. Strong support for the 'RNA world' hypothesis came from a report in 2009 of the prebiotic synthesis of activated pyridimine ribonucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates. Oligomerisation studies were carried out on these activated monomers with various catalysts, and NMR studies were carried out to determine the aspects of their reactivity. It was found that only short oligomers are formed. However, nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates were found to selectively hydrolyse to a 2:1 mixture of 3' and 2'-monophosphates, and this observation was considered as etiologically relevant. Nucleoside-2' and 3'-monophosphates cyclise back to nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates upon phosphate activation, and so cannot be considered as direct candidates for oligomerisation. A chemistry that selectively uses the nucleoside-3'-phosphate for the synthesis of RNA, and recycles the unwanted 2'-phosphate would be highly desirable. Thus, a regio- and chemoselective reaction that selectively acetylates monomer and oligomer nucleoside-3'-phosphates at the 2'-hydroxyl in water is presented. Nucleoside-2'-phosphates are shown to acetylate less efficiently, and show a greater propensity to recyclise back to nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates. Purine nucleotides were also found to acetylate better than pyrimidines. This potentially primordial protecting group chemistry approach towards the prebiotic synthesis of RNA is conceptually novel, and has the potential to give a natural [5'→3'] phosphodiester linkage isomer. It is considered as a major step towards solving the long-standing problem of non-enzymatic self-replication of RNA.

Subjects/Keywords: 570; Predisposed Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Prebiotic Chemistry; RNA world; TNA; Origins of Life; Chemoselectivity

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APA (6^th Edition):

Islam, S. (2011). Studies towards the chemical origins of life. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553315

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Islam, Saidul. “Studies towards the chemical origins of life.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553315.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Islam, Saidul. “Studies towards the chemical origins of life.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Islam S. Studies towards the chemical origins of life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553315.

Council of Science Editors:

Islam S. Studies towards the chemical origins of life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. Available from: https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.553315

University of Cambridge

11. Chan, Christopher K. W. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.

Degree: PhD, 2013, University of Cambridge

URL: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.15947 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590241

► The Sutherland group recently demonstrated that from a mixture of oligoribonucleotide-2'- or 3'-phosphates the latter is chemoselectively acetylated. This is shown to mediate a template-directed… (more)

▼ The Sutherland group recently demonstrated that from a mixture of oligoribonucleotide-2'- or 3'-phosphates the latter is chemoselectively acetylated. This is shown to mediate a template-directed ligation to give predominantly 3',5'-linked RNA that is acetylated at the ligation junction (acetyl-RNA). It was suggested that RNA emerged prebiotically via acetyl-RNA and also is proposed to have favourable genotypic properties due to greater propensity to form duplex structure. To study the properties of acetyl-RNA, their synthesis by solid-phase chemistry was required and described is the design of a 2'/3'-O-acetyl orthogonal protecting group strategy. Key to the orthogonal protecting group strategy is the use of (2-cyanoethoxy)carbonyl for the protection of the nucleobase exocyclic amines and a photolabile solid-phase linker group that allowed partial on-column deprotection. The synthesis of the 2'/3'-O-acetyl and 2'/3'-O-TBDMS phosphoramidites, in addition to preparation of a photolabile solid-phase support, are described. With the materials to hand the procedures for an automated synthesis of acetyl-RNA were optimised and several acetyl-RNA oligonucleotides were synthesised. The duplex stability of acetyl-RNA with up to four sites of 2'-O-acetylation were assessed by UV melting curve analysis. Remarkably, the acetyl groups caused a consistent decrease in Tm of between 3.0-3.2 °C. Thermodynamic parameters indicated a decrease in duplex stability that was consistent with a decrease in hydration of the minor groove resulting in a reduction of the stabilising hydrogen bonding network. The stability of a tetraloop was also found to decrease on acetylation. The acetylated- tetraloop it is able to form duplex at lower concentrations than the natural tetraloop. Additionally, it is more stable at high concentrations, indicating that acetyl-RNA favours duplex over other secondary structure. These properties are considered to give acetyl-RNA competitive advantage for their non-enzymatic replication. Aminoacylation of RNA is an important process in modern biology but the intermediacy of aminoacyl-adenylates is considered to be prebiotically implausible. A potentially prebiotic aminoacylation of nucleoside-3'-phosphates, selective for the 2'-hydroxyl, is presented. However, it was thought the aminoacylation yields could be improved and so a search for an alternative activator was conducted. Oligoribonucleotide-3'-phosphates were exposed to the aminoacylation conditions and selective aminoacylation at only the 2'-hydroxyl of the 3'-end was observed. In particular, the aminoacylation of a trimer lends support to Sutherland’s theory of a linked origin of RNA and coded peptide synthesis.

Subjects/Keywords: 572.8; Prebiotic chemistry; Origins of life; RNA World; Solid-phase synthesis; UV melting curves; Aminoacylation

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APA (6^th Edition):

Chan, C. K. W. (2013). Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Cambridge. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.15947 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590241

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Chan, Christopher K W. “Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Cambridge. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.15947 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590241.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Chan, Christopher K W. “Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA.” 2013. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Chan CKW. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2013. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.15947 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590241.

Council of Science Editors:

Chan CKW. Potential prebiotic roles of (amino-)acylation in the synthesis and function of RNA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Cambridge; 2013. Available from: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.15947 ; https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590241

University of Arkansas

12. Sheehan, Ryan Christopher. Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans.

Degree: MS, 2015, University of Arkansas

URL: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1129

► The primordial Earth which hosted the first forms of life was an environment free of oxygen. Early organisms utilized metabolisms dependent upon anaerobic conditions… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Biological sciences; Archaea; Astrobiology; Evolution of life; Methanogens; Origins of life; Transcription regulation; Biology; Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology; Evolution

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sheehan, R. C. (2015). Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans. (Masters Thesis). University of Arkansas. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1129

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sheehan, Ryan Christopher. “Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans.” 2015. Masters Thesis, University of Arkansas. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1129.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sheehan, Ryan Christopher. “Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Sheehan RC. Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1129.

Council of Science Editors:

Sheehan RC. Management of a Primordial Problem: Redox-sensitive Transcriptional Regulation in Methanosarcina acetivorans. [Masters Thesis]. University of Arkansas; 2015. Available from: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1129

Kennesaw State University

13. Garcia, Estefania. Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions.

Degree: MSCB, Chemistry, 2020, Kennesaw State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/mscs_etd/33

► On this planet the development of life requires six essential elements: C, H, O, N, P, and S. These elements are present in gaseous… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: origins of life; phosphate problem; infrared spectroscopy; astrobiology; surface science; Chemistry; Geochemistry; Other Astrophysics and Astronomy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Garcia, E. (2020). Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions. (Thesis). Kennesaw State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/mscs_etd/33

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Garcia, Estefania. “Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions.” 2020. Thesis, Kennesaw State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/mscs_etd/33.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Garcia, Estefania. “Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions.” 2020. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Garcia E. Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions. [Internet] [Thesis]. Kennesaw State University; 2020. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/mscs_etd/33.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Garcia E. Mineral-Surface Chemistry of Hydroxyapatite and Urea-Rich Solutions. [Thesis]. Kennesaw State University; 2020. Available from: https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/mscs_etd/33

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Arizona

14. Pasek, Matthew Adam. Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life .

Degree: 2006, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194288

► Phosphorus is a key element for life. This work reviews the role of phosphorus in life. Theories on the origin of life are confounded by… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Phosphorus; Origins of Life; Schreibersite; corrosion; meteorite fluxes; sulfur

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APA (6^th Edition):

Pasek, M. A. (2006). Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194288

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Pasek, Matthew Adam. “Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life .” 2006. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194288.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Pasek, Matthew Adam. “Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life .” 2006. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Pasek MA. Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2006. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194288.

Council of Science Editors:

Pasek MA. Phosphorus and Sulfur Cosmochemistry: Implications for the Origins of Life . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2006. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194288

University of North Texas

15. Brister, Brian. Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth.

Degree: 2001, University of North Texas

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2766/

► A brief introduction to the current state of research in the Origins of Life field is given in Part I of this work. Part II… (more)

▼ A brief introduction to the current state of research in the Origins of Life field is given in Part I of this work. Part II covers original research performed by the author and co-workers. Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) systems are anion-exchanging clays that have the general formula M(II)xM(III)(OH)(2x+2)Y, where M(II) and M(III) are any divalent and trivalent metals, respectively. Y can be nearly any anion, although modern naturally occuring LDH systems incorporate carbonate (CO32-), chloride (Cl-), or sulfate (SO42-) anions. Intercalated cobalticyanide anion shows a small yet observable deviation from local Oh symmetry causing small differences between its oriented and non-oriented infrared spectra. Nitroprusside is shown to intercalate into 2:1 Mg:Al LDH with decomposition to form intercalated ferrocyanide and nitrosyl groups of an unidentified nature. The [Ru(CN)6]4- anion is shown to intercalate into layered double hydroxides in the same manner as other hexacyano anions, such as ferrocyanide and cobalticyanide, with its three-fold rotational axis perpendicular to the hydroxide sheets. The square-planar tetracyano-nickelate(II), -palladate(II), and platinate(II) anions were intercalated into both 2:1 and 3:1 Mg:Al layered double hydroxides (LDH). The basal spacings in the 2:1 hosts are approximately 11 Å, indicating that the anions are inclined approximately 75 degrees relative to the hydroxide layers, while in the 3:1 hosts the square-planar anions have enough space to lie more nearly parallel to the LDH cation layers, giving basal spacings of approximately 8 Å. It has been found that the LDH Mg2Al(OH)6Cl catalyzes the self-addition of cyanide, to give in a one-pot reaction at low concentrations an increased yield of diaminomaleonitrile and in addition, at higher ($0.1M) concentrations, a purple-pink material that adheres to the LDH. We are investigating whether this reaction also occurs with hydrotalcite itself, what is the minimum effective concentration of cyanide, and what can be learned about the products and how they compare with those reported at high HCN concentrations in the absence of catalyst. Advisors/Committee Members: Braterman, Paul S., Acree, William E. (William Eugene), Thomas, Ruthanne D..

Subjects/Keywords: Layered double hydroxides.; Life – Origin.; Origins of life; layered double hydroxide systems

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APA (6^th Edition):

Brister, B. (2001). Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth. (Thesis). University of North Texas. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2766/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Brister, Brian. “Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth.” 2001. Thesis, University of North Texas. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2766/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Brister, Brian. “Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth.” 2001. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Brister B. Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2001. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2766/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Brister B. Layered Double Hydroxides and the Origins of Life on Earth. [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2001. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2766/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

16. Lemos, Isabel Maria Venade de. As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário.

Degree: 2018, RCAAP

URL: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/25732

►

Este trabalho trata de analisar a UL1 do 7º ano da disciplina de EMRC “As Origens”. Apresenta uma reflexão sobre a questão das origens, sob… (more)

▼

Este trabalho trata de analisar a UL1 do 7º ano da disciplina de EMRC “As Origens”. Apresenta uma reflexão sobre a questão das origens, sob o ponto de vista bíblico-teológico e pedagógico-didático tendo presente os aspetos curriculares. Esta parte das questões da linguagem, da existência de diferentes géneros literários, e dos mitos de origem e mostra as suas implicações no modo de dizer e apresentar a mensagem sobre as origens. Ontem como hoje, as origens, abrem um caminho para o sentido da vida que vai de encontro à educação integral que se pretende oferecer a cada aluno, possibilitando o desenvolvimento de todas as dimensões da pessoa.

This paper tries to analyze the UL1 of the 7th year of the discipline of EMRC, "The Origins". It presents a reflection on the question of origins, from a biblical-theological and pedagogical-didactic point of view, bearing in mind the curricular aspects. This part of the questions of language, the existence of different literary genres and the myths of origin, shows its implications in the way of saying and presenting the message about origins. Yesterday as today, the origins open a path for the meaning of life that meets the whole comprehensive education that is intended to offer each student, enabling the development of all dimensions of the person.

Este trabajo busca analizar la UL1 de 7º año de la disciplina de EMRC “Los Orígenes”. Presenta una reflexión sobre la cuestión de los orígenes, a partir de una perspectiva bíblico-teológica e pedagógico-didáctica teniendo presentes los aspectos curriculares. Esta parte de las cuestiones del lenguaje, de la existencia de diferentes géneros literarios, e de los mitos de origen y muestra sus implicaciones en el modo de decir y presentar el mensaje sobre los orígenes. Ayer y hoy, los orígenes, abren un camino para el sentido de la vida que va de encuentro a la educación integral que se pretende ofrecer a cada alumno, posibilitando el desarrollo de todas las dimensiones de la persona.

Advisors/Committee Members: Carvalho, José Carlos da Silva.

Subjects/Keywords: Origens; Sentido da vida; Géneros Literários; Mitos de Origem; Currículo; Educação Integral; Origins; Sense of Life; Literary Genres; Origins Myths; Curriculum; Whole Comprehensive Education; Orígenes; Sentido de la vida; Géneros literarios; Mitos de Origen; Currículo; Educación Integral; Domínio/Área Científica::Humanidades::Filosofia, Ética e Religião

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lemos, I. M. V. d. (2018). As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário. (Thesis). RCAAP. Retrieved from https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/25732

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lemos, Isabel Maria Venade de. “As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário.” 2018. Thesis, RCAAP. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/25732.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lemos, Isabel Maria Venade de. “As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lemos IMVd. As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário. [Internet] [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/25732.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Lemos IMVd. As Origens : análise da UL 1 do 7º ano do ensino básico e secundário. [Thesis]. RCAAP; 2018. Available from: https://www.rcaap.pt/detail.jsp?id=oai:repositorio.ucp.pt:10400.14/25732

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

17. Lanier, Kathryn Andrea. The Ribosome: A window in time.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2017, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58307

► The ribosome, in analogy with a tree, contains a record of its history, spanning 4 billion years of life on earth. The information contained within… (more)

▼ The ribosome, in analogy with a tree, contains a record of its history, spanning 4 billion years of life on earth. The information contained within ribosomes connects us to the prehistory of biology. Details of ribosomal RNA variation, observed by comparing three-dimensional structures of ribosomes across the tree of life, form the basis of our molecular level model of the origins and evolution of the translational system. We have used information within ribosomes to reconstruct much of the emergence of the universal translational machinery and to understand the evolution of biopolymers. Using a 3D comparative method, we present a molecular-level model for the origin and evolution of the translation system. In this model, the ribosome evolved by accretion, recursively-adding expansion segments, iteratively growing, subsuming, and freezing the ribosomal RNA. The ribosome is also imprinted with a detailed molecular chronology of the origins and early evolution of proteins. When arranged by evolutionary phase of ribosomal evolution, ribosomal protein segments reveal an atomic level history of protein folding. Our models predict that appropriate rRNA fragments have inherited local autonomy of folding and local autonomy of assembly with ribosomal proteins, and that the ribosomal proteins and rRNAs are co-chaperones. We have biochemically and computationally resurrected the ancestral oligomers and polymers predicted by the Accretion Model. We have synthesized the rRNAs described by early steps in the early accretion process and have experimentally explored their properties, focusing on their folding and stabilities. We have measured and computed the thermodynamic stabilities of theses models and experimentally probed their structures. We have also experimentally shown that rRNA can serve as a protein chaperone, aiding in the conversion of random coil peptide oligomers into β-β motifs, which would then collapse to globular domains, supporting previous models in which RNA preceded aboriginal proteins. Our results support a model in which protein folding was an emergent phenomenon of interactions with RNA, and that he evolution of the ribosome was the maturation of the symbiotic relationship between RNA and protein. Advisors/Committee Members: Williams, Loren D. (advisor), Hud, Nicholas V. (committee member), Stockton, Amanda M. (committee member), Storici, Francesca (committee member), Wartell, Roger M. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Ribosome; Origins of life; RNA folding; Protein folding; Evolution

…247 xiv CHAPTER 10: Fe(II), RNA AND THE ORIGIN OF LIFE… …LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 1.1: Schematic of the universal tree of life illustrating… …Universal Gene Set of Life ......................................................10 Figure 1.3… …Schematic of the Molecular Toolbox of Life .............................................11 Figure… …methylisatoic anhydride OD optical density OOL Origin of Life P4-P6 sub-Domain of the…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lanier, K. A. (2017). The Ribosome: A window in time. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58307

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lanier, Kathryn Andrea. “The Ribosome: A window in time.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58307.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lanier, Kathryn Andrea. “The Ribosome: A window in time.” 2017. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lanier KA. The Ribosome: A window in time. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58307.

Council of Science Editors:

Lanier KA. The Ribosome: A window in time. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/58307

18. Lenz, Timothy Kenneth. Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2015, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/56218

► Folding of ribonucleic acids (RNAs), including those which constitute the functional components of the ribosome, invariably involves positively charged metal ions (cations). Here, we explore… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: RNA; Ribosome; RNA world; Origins of life; Evolution; Translation; Cations

…life from simple chemical networks.1-9 The RNA World Hypothesis is actually a group of… …They were able to correct the long-standing tree of life that had been used by biologists for… …processes that directed the early evolution of life on earth are contained in or imprinted on the… …early evolution, acting instead of or alongside Mg2+. Understanding the origins of RNA folding… …3.2 Methods 53 3.2.1 in silico design of a-rRNA 53 3.2.2 Synthesis of a-rRNA 54…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lenz, T. K. (2015). Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/56218

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lenz, Timothy Kenneth. “Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/56218.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lenz, Timothy Kenneth. “Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Lenz TK. Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/56218.

Council of Science Editors:

Lenz TK. Cation effects on the folding of ribosomal RNA. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/56218

University of North Texas

19. Halcom-Yarberry, Faith Marie. Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life.

Degree: 2002, University of North Texas

URL: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3286/

► The preparation of layered double hydroxides via co-precipitation of a divalent/trivalent metal solution against a base results in 1 mm LDH particles with a disorganized… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Layered double hydroxides.; Layered double hydroxides; hydrotalcite; anion exchange; origins of life; morphology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Halcom-Yarberry, F. M. (2002). Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life. (Thesis). University of North Texas. Retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3286/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Halcom-Yarberry, Faith Marie. “Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life.” 2002. Thesis, University of North Texas. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3286/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Halcom-Yarberry, Faith Marie. “Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life.” 2002. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Halcom-Yarberry FM. Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2002. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3286/.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Halcom-Yarberry FM. Layered Double Hydroxides: Morphology, Interlayer Anion, and the Origins of Life. [Thesis]. University of North Texas; 2002. Available from: https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3286/

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

20. Islam, Saidul. Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life.

Degree: 2011, University of Manchester

URL: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:130330

► The ‘RNA World’ hypothesis states that RNA was the first living system on the primitive Earth, where it carried out dual genotypic and phenotypic functions.… (more)

▼ The ‘RNA World’ hypothesis states that RNA was the first living system on the primitive Earth, where it carried out dual genotypic and phenotypic functions. Therefore, RNA must have self-assembled by purely chemical means from small prebiotic feedstock molecules. A plausible demonstration of the synthesis of RNA with the natural [5′→3′] phosphodiester linkage, and its self-replication has not been achieved so far. Some have speculated a ‘simpler’ informational polymer preceded it, and biology based on this polymer subsequently ‘invented’ RNA. The structurally simpler L-α-threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA) has been proposed as a primordial ancestor to RNA. A study into the potential self-assembly of TNA nucleotides was carried out. It is shown that as a direct result of TNA’s structural simplicity, its generational chemistry is more difficult than RNA. The tetrose aminooxazolines are unstable under the conditions of its formation. The tetrose anhydronucleosides efficiently incorporate phosphate to form activated tetrose cytidine-2′,3′-cyclic phosphates, but with the wrong stereochemistry.Strong support for the ‘RNA world’ hypothesis came from a report in 2009 of the prebiotic synthesis of activated pyridimine ribonucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic phosphates. Oligomerisation studies were carried out on these activated monomers with various catalysts, and NMR studies were carried out to determine the aspects of their reactivity. It was found that only short oligomers are formed. However, nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic phosphates were found to selectively hydrolyse to a 2:1 mixture of 3′ and 2′-monophosphates, and this observation was considered as etiologically relevant. Nucleoside-2′ and 3′-monophosphates cyclise back to nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic phosphates upon phosphate activation, and so cannot be considered as direct candidates for oligomerisation. A chemistry that selectively uses the nucleoside-3′-phosphate for the synthesis of RNA, and recycles the unwanted 2′-phosphate would be highly desirable. Thus, a regio- and chemoselective reaction that selectively acetylates monomer and oligomer nucleoside-3′-phosphates at the 2′-hydroxyl in water is presented. Nucleoside-2′-phosphates are shown to acetylate less efficiently, and show a greater propensity to recyclise back to nucleoside-2′,3′-cyclic phosphates. Purine nucleotides were also found to acetylate better than pyrimidines. This potentially primordial protecting group chemistry approach towards the prebiotic synthesis of RNA is conceptually novel, and has the potential to give a natural [5′→3′] phosphodiester linkage isomer. It is considered as a major step towards solving the long-standing problem of non-enzymatic self-replication of RNA. Advisors/Committee Members: Sutherland, John.

Subjects/Keywords: Predisposed Chemistry; Organic Chemistry; Prebiotic Chemistry; RNA world; TNA; Origins of Life; Chemoselectivity

…decades, and caused many in the origins of life field to prematurely conclude that RNA was… …emergence of life on Earth billions of years ago is one of the biggest mysteries that remain… …sciences to this very day. According to NASA, the definition of life is �� a self-sustaining… …reproduce.’[2] Since the molecules of life (such as RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids… …synthesis. The origin of life cannot be ‘discovered’, it has to be ‘re-invented”.[3] The…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Islam, S. (2011). Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Manchester. Retrieved from http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:130330

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Islam, Saidul. “Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Manchester. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:130330.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Islam, Saidul. “Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life.” 2011. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Islam S. Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:130330.

Council of Science Editors:

Islam S. Studies Towards the Chemical Origins of Life. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Manchester; 2011. Available from: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:130330

21. Ward, George William. Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2018, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/60796

► The origins of life on earth has been a topic of study in the scientific community for many years. In recent decades, as an understanding… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Prebiotic chemistry; Organic chemistry; Organic synthesis; Methodology; Dihydroxyfumaric acid; Glyoxylate; Chemodivergence; Decarboxylation; Deoxalation; Origins of life

…Biomacromolecules of Life 2 Figure 2 Central Dogma 3 Figure 3 Glyoxylate Scenario 5 Figure 4… …INTRODUCTION 1.1 Origin of Life The question of the origin of life has been one of the great… …of life scientists was Charles Darwin. In his work “Origin of Species” he laid out the… …specialized life. This theory of evolution became the central theory as to how extant life was… …formed. In the following decades the understanding of what makes up life exploded. As more…

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APA (6^th Edition):

Ward, G. W. (2018). Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/60796

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ward, George William. “Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/60796.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ward, George William. “Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid.” 2018. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Ward GW. Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2018. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/60796.

Council of Science Editors:

Ward GW. Prebiotic inspiration to functional application: Synthetic and mechanistic investigations of glyoxylate and its formal dimer dihydroxyfumaric acid. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2018. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/60796

Georgia Tech

22. Cafferty, Brian Joseph. Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry and Biochemistry, 2015, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55518

► Reversible self-assembly in water of small molecules into ordered structures is an essential process that underlies many biological functions and developmental strategies for environmentally responsive… (more)

▼ Reversible self-assembly in water of small molecules into ordered structures is an essential process that underlies many biological functions and developmental strategies for environmentally responsive and biocompatible materials. However, a thorough understanding of the physicochemical principles that govern assembly of low molecular weight molecules in water is largely lacking. In this thesis, I describe the development and characterization of water-based self-assembly systems that utilize hexameric ‘rosette’ motifs and form supramolecular polymers and hydrogels. Mimicking the base pairing interactions of nucleic acids, hydrogen bonding directs assembly of monomers (containing either triaminopyrimidine and cyanuric acid, or melamine and barbituric acid recognition elements) into bimolecular rosettes that stack into micron-length supramolecular polymers. The hydrophobic effect drives the assembly of the small water-soluble monomers and is responsible for the observed cooperative assembly mechanism. For one system, monomer assembly is shown to exhibit the theoretical limit for sensitivity to pH change for a supramolecular polymerization system, with bidirectional response and maximum assembly occurring at physiological pH. Further control of the assembly process is demonstrated by employing polycyclic, planar molecules that stack on the rosette surface, effectively behaving as noncovalent terminators, which can be used to precisely tune the length of supramolecular polymers and the bulk properties of hydrogels. These studies also provide insight the origin of RNA, as the nucleobase-like heterocycles are shown to overcome challenges associated with prebiotic nucleic acid synthesis (e.g., spontaneous nucleoside formation in water and monomer selection/preorganization). Additionally, I report on the characterization of a DNA-based dynamic combinatorial system, as well as investigations that have enhanced our understanding of the nucleic acid backbone’s contribution to the binding of intercalators to oligonucleotide duplex assemblies. Advisors/Committee Members: Hud, Nicholas V (advisor), Schuster , Gary B (advisor), Williams , Loren D (committee member), Oyelere, Adegboyega K (committee member), Wartell , Roger M (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Supramolecular polymers; Self-assembly in water; Supramolecular chemistry; Supramolecular materials; Biomimetic materials; Responsive materials; Hydrogels; Molecular gels; Noncovalent synthesis; Hydrophobic effect; Nanotechnology; DNA nanotechnology; Origin of life; Origins of life; RNA world; Pre-RNA world; Nucleoside synthesis; Nucleic acids; Modified nucleic acids; Alternative nucleic acids; Antisense oligonucleotides; XNA; Intercalators; Abiogenesis; Astrobiology

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APA (6^th Edition):

Cafferty, B. J. (2015). Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55518

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Cafferty, Brian Joseph. “Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55518.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Cafferty, Brian Joseph. “Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Cafferty BJ. Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55518.

Council of Science Editors:

Cafferty BJ. Self-assembly of nucleobase analogs in water: supramolecular polymers, controllable materials and models for proto-nucleic acid. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/55518

University of Florida

23. Illangkoon, Heshan. On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon.

Degree: PhD, Chemistry, 2010, University of Florida

URL: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0017564

► ON THE ORIGINS OF LIFE: PREBIOTIC CARBOHYDRATES, PRIMITIVE CATALYTIC CYCLES & ENGINEERING THE GENETIC LEXICON By Heshan Indika Illangkoon Spring 2010 Chair: Steven A. Benner… (more)

▼ ON THE ORIGINS OF LIFE: PREBIOTIC CARBOHYDRATES, PRIMITIVE CATALYTIC CYCLES & ENGINEERING THE GENETIC LEXICON By Heshan Indika Illangkoon Spring 2010 Chair: Steven A. Benner Major: Biochemistry Here we report experiments that establish xylulose and threose as stable products from formaldehyde and lower carbohydrates, such as glycolaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone, in the presence of borate. Xylulose is one of two diastereomeric five carbon carbohydrates known as 2-pentuloses, and threose is one of two diastereomeric four carbon tetroses. Arguments are presented that formaldehyde, glycolaldehyde and dihydroxyacetone are all likely to have been available on early Earth and therefore may have supported processes that created carbohydrates that could have been part of the first genetic material. Borate, weathered from igneous rock, is likely to have been available on early Earth. Borate may have also been available, as evaporite minerals, which result from evaporation of superfial bodies of water (e.g. colemanite, ulexite, and kernite); all of these minerals are found today in, for example, Death Valley. 1,2,4,5-Tetrahydroxy-3-pentanone was synthesized and shown to be an intermediate in the formation of 2-pentuloses, including xylulose and ribulose. Rate constants for the enolization of glycolaldehyde, glyceraldehyde, erythrulose, erythrose, and dihydroxyacetone, which are precursors, intermediates, and potential products in this putative prebiotic synthesis of carbohydrates, were estimated by NMR in the presence and absence of borate. Borate had only a modest impact on those rate constants for enolization of linear carbohydrates that presented 1,2-diol units, but had a dramatic impact on the rate constants for enolization of carbohydrates that could present the 1,2-diol in a cyclic form. In a separate line of work, experiments are directed towards the synthesis of a modified nucleoside heterocycle with an amine linker at the C5 position of cytidine. Molecular biology using the modified cytidine resulted in a successful PCR amplification. ( en ) Advisors/Committee Members: Benner, Steven A. (committee chair), Lyons, Thomas J. (committee member), Richards, Nigel G. (committee member), Aponick, Aaron Steven (committee member), Hahn, David W. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Biochemistry; Borates; Carbon; Carbonates; Dimers; DNA; Minerals; Prebiotics; RNA; Signals; astrobiology, carbohydrate, dna, formaldehyde, glycolaldehyde, life, nucleosedes, of, origins, primordial, ribose, rna, soup, threose

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Illangkoon, H. (2010). On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Florida. Retrieved from https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0017564

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Illangkoon, Heshan. “On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon.” 2010. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Florida. Accessed January 26, 2021. https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0017564.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Illangkoon, Heshan. “On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon.” 2010. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Illangkoon H. On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Florida; 2010. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0017564.

Council of Science Editors:

Illangkoon H. On the Origins of Life Prebiotic Carbohydrates, Primitive Catalytic Cycles and Engineering the Genetic Lexicon. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Florida; 2010. Available from: https://ufdc.ufl.edu/UFE0017564

24. Prasong, Orapim. La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights.

Degree: Docteur es, Droit privé, 2016, Bordeaux

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0137

►

Bien que non conçue initialement comme une Convention centrée sur l’enfant, laConvention européenne des droits de l’homme a généré, grâce à l’interprétation dynamique de laCour… (more)

▼

Bien que non conçue initialement comme une Convention centrée sur l’enfant, laConvention européenne des droits de l’homme a généré, grâce à l’interprétation dynamique de laCour européenne des droits de l’homme, la jurisprudence la plus abondante de tous les instrumentsde ce type concernant les droits de l’enfant. Disposant d’un espace juridique favorable à uneinterprétation dynamique en vue de protéger les droits de l’enfant, la Cour européenne manque detexte sur lequel elle peut fonder une interprétation favorable aux droits de l’enfant. C’est ainsiqu’elle se réfère principalement à la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant, l’instrumentde protection spécifique des droits de l’enfant le plus précis et le plus adapté. A travers lamobilisation des dispositions de la Convention internationale des droits de l’enfant et l’intégrationde la notion de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant contenue dans cet instrument dans son raisonnement laCour européenne utilise cette Convention comme instrument de construction de sa proprejurisprudence relative à la protection spécifique des droits de l’enfant. Mais si l’intégration de cetteConvention dans le raisonnement de la Cour européenne constitue un facteur d’harmonisation dansla mesure où elle incite les Etats membres du Conseil de l’Europe à mettre en oeuvre ce traitéinternational tout en leur fournissant une interprétation commune de ses dispositions, aucuneuniformité absolue ne s’impose. L’étude de la jurisprudence de la Cour européenne souligne savolonté croissante de faire de la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme un instrumentconventionnel subsidiaire de la protection spécifique des droits de l’enfant.

Although not originally designed as a child-centered Convention, the EuropeanConvention on Human Rights generated through the dynamic interpretation of the European Courtof Human Rights, the most abundant case law of all the instruments of this type on the rights of thechild. With a favorable legal space to protect child’s rights, the European Court lacks a text onwhich it can base an interpretation on. That is why it mainly refers to the Convention on the Rightsof the Child, which is the most detailed and the most suitable Convention for protecting child’srights specifically. Through the mobilization of the UN Convention on child's rights and theintegration of the concept of the best interest of the child contained in this instrument in itsreasoning, the European Court uses this Convention as a tool to construct its own case law on thespecific protection of child’s rights. But if the integration of this Convention in the reasoning of theEuropean Court is a factor of harmonization to the extent that it encourages the Member States ofthe Council of Europe to implement the international treaty while providing a commoninterpretation its provisions, no absolute uniformity is required. The study of the European Court’scase law underlines its growing will to make the European Convention on Human Rights asubsidiary conventional instrument to child’s rights protection.

Advisors/Committee Members: Gouttenoire, Adeline (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Cour européenne des droits de l'homme; Convention européenne des droits de l'homme; Enfant; Droits de l'enfant; Protection des droits de l'enfant; Convention internationale des droits de l'enfant; Intérêt supérieur de l'enfant; Vulnérabilité de l'enfant; Instruction; Liberte et sûreté; Intégrité physique; Respect de la vie privée et familiale; Relations parents-enfants; Filiation; Connaissance de ses origines; Déplacements illicites d'enfants; Assistance éducative; Immigration; European Court of Human Rights; European Convention on Human Rights; Children; Rights of the Child; Protection of child's rights; Convention of the Rights of the Child; Interest of the Child; Children's vulnerability; Education; Freedon and security; Physical integrity; Respect of private and family life; Parent-child relationships; Parentage; Knowledge of its origins; Unlawful removal of children; Educational assistance; Immigration; 340

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APA (6^th Edition):

Prasong, O. (2016). La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights. (Doctoral Dissertation). Bordeaux. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0137

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Prasong, Orapim. “La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Bordeaux. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0137.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Prasong, Orapim. “La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights.” 2016. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Prasong O. La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2016. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0137.

Council of Science Editors:

Prasong O. La protection des droits de l'enfant par la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme : Child's rights protection by the European Court of Human Rights. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Bordeaux; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0137

University of Queensland

25. Betts, Kim. Early life course determinants of psychopathology.

Degree: School of Population Health, 2014, University of Queensland

URL: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:344999

Subjects/Keywords: Post-traumatic stress disorders; Major depressive disorders; Generalised anxiety disorders; Psychotic disorders; Behaviour problems; Life course epidemiology; Developmental origins of health and disease; Neurodevelopmental model; Structural equation modelling; Mixture modelling; 111706 Epidemiology; 111714 Mental Health

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Betts, K. (2014). Early life course determinants of psychopathology. (Thesis). University of Queensland. Retrieved from http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:344999

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Betts, Kim. “Early life course determinants of psychopathology.” 2014. Thesis, University of Queensland. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:344999.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Betts, Kim. “Early life course determinants of psychopathology.” 2014. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Betts K. Early life course determinants of psychopathology. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2014. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:344999.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Betts K. Early life course determinants of psychopathology. [Thesis]. University of Queensland; 2014. Available from: http://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:344999

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Louisiana State University

26. Zeringue, Joshua Thomas. Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010.

Degree: MA, History, 2015, Louisiana State University

URL: etd-11162015-120200 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1154

► “Booker T. Washington and the Historians” analyzes the past century of scholarly writings on Booker T. Washington and seeks to describe the major paradigms used… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: adult education; NAACP; Cotton States Exposition; Atlanta speech; Atlanta Compromise; C. Vann Woodward; Du Bois; Dusk of Dawn; Souls of Black Folk; W.E.B. Du Bois; progressive education; arts and crafts movement; industrial education; Samuel Chapman Armstrong; Tuskegee Institute; Hampton Institute; American Missionary Association; progressive movement; black conservatism; Up from Slavery; Story of My Life and Work; capitalism; classical liberalism; Manning Marable; William Manning Marable; conservatism; Origins of the New South; Louis R. Harlan; Booker T. Washington Papers; Louis Harlan; August Meier; Robert J. Norrell; Robert Norrell; Horace Mann Bond; Michael Bieze; David H. Jackson; Emmett J. Scott; Emmett Scott; Lyman Beecher Stowe; Samuel Spencer; Benjamin Franklin Riley; Oliver Cox

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Zeringue, J. T. (2015). Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010. (Masters Thesis). Louisiana State University. Retrieved from etd-11162015-120200 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1154

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Zeringue, Joshua Thomas. “Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Louisiana State University. Accessed January 26, 2021. etd-11162015-120200 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1154.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Zeringue, Joshua Thomas. “Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010.” 2015. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Zeringue JT. Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2015. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: etd-11162015-120200 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1154.

Council of Science Editors:

Zeringue JT. Booker T. Washington and the Historians: How Changing Views on Race Relations, Economics, and Education Shaped Washington Historiography, 1915-2010. [Masters Thesis]. Louisiana State University; 2015. Available from: etd-11162015-120200 ; https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_theses/1154

27. Πανοπούλου, Σοφία. Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα.

Degree: 2009, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ)

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/18543

►

The objective of this thesis is to present the close, according to the Platonic view, connection between ethics, education and politics and the crucial role… (more)

▼

The objective of this thesis is to present the close, according to the Platonic view, connection between ethics, education and politics and the crucial role of the governors on the reconstruction of their own states through the adoption by them unvarying values and the transmission of these values to their fellow citizens through education. The design of the thesis was based on careful study of Platonic texts, comparative co-examination of certain platonic points with relative positions of other intellectuals of antiquity and the thorough evaluative study of the extensive, relating to the political and ethical views of Plato, bibliography. Our final positions are obtained by inductive way and developed in causal analysis of the arguments underlying, in order to reflect their diversity in relation to views of other scholars. The thesis consists of three parts. The first of these, entitled “Laws and governors in Plato’s thought” occurs initially the importance of law, the impersonal institution of ratio, to the historical society, as the most important regulator of social stability and as the most comprehensive ethical and educational code of the social members. Next, the ideal solution, according to Plato, concerning the governance of states, is presented. It is emphasized that this ideal leader, due to his unique intellectual and moral superiority, unity and importance, is becoming the excellent guardian of the proper social partnership and the guarantor of uplifting life individually and collectively. The second part, entitled “Education as the primary concern of the legislature”, focuses on the presentation of the redemptive power of education, which, in our opinion, restores the proximity of people to the supernatural element of harmony, of ratio and of bliss, redefines the values of life and allows the building of a decent individual and collective life, based on moral and rational spirituality that education develops and for this reason is needed to become the most important of the concerns of the leaders. The third part refers to the “Educated citizens”, the fertile product of educational effort. This internal regeneration, as it is pointed out, becomes the basis for the removal of power-loving selfish tendencies and the precedency of general benefit. Thus, the mature sociability of the citizens, their continuous emulation to virtue, the commitment of each to an appropriate, in its own nature function, as the result of education, lay the foundation for building a state of measure, harmony, honor and internal unity. In conclusion, this thesis argues as timeless debt of politicians their realization that the suffering of the states and the collective and individual salvation depends on their moral decency and the transfusion of indestructible importance principles to their fellow citizens, in order to achieve, according to the exemplary model of cosmic harmony, genuine social symmetry, justice and happiness.

Η διατριβή αυτή στόχο της έχει να παρουσιάσει τη στενή, σύμφωνα με την πλατωνική άποψη, σύνδεση…

Subjects/Keywords: Πλάτων; Νόμος; Πόλη, Βαικά στοιχεία της; Νομοθεσία, Απαρχές και σκοποί της; Άρχοντες; Διακυβέρνηση, Έργο της; Εκπαίδευση πλατωνική, Θεωρητική προσέγγισή της; Πλατωνική παιδαγωγία, Πρακτική διάσταση της; Θέση του ατόμου στη πόλη; Κοινωνικές σχέσεις; Τρόπος ζωής πολιτών και κυβερνητών; Plato; Law; City, Basic elements of the; Origins and purposes of law; The leaders and the work of governance; Theoretical approach to the platonic education system; The practical dimension of platonic education system; The position of the individual in the city; Social relations; The way of life of citizens and governors

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Πανοπούλου, . �. (2009). Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα. (Thesis). National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/18543

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Πανοπούλου, Σοφία. “Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα.” 2009. Thesis, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ). Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/18543.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Πανοπούλου, Σοφία. “Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα.” 2009. Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Vancouver:

Πανοπούλου �. Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα. [Internet] [Thesis]. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ); 2009. [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/18543.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Πανοπούλου �. Ο νομοθέτης ως παιδαγωγός στο έργο του Πλάτωνα. [Thesis]. National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών (ΕΚΠΑ); 2009. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10442/hedi/18543

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

28. 畠山, 剛臣. 原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究.

Degree: Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology / 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10119/4188

Supervisor: 橋本敬准教授

研究科: 知識科学研究科

博士

Subjects/Keywords: 生命の起源, 化学進化, 原始細胞膜, 脂質二重膜, 粗視化分子モデル, 抽象化学反応系, 構成的手法; the origins of life, chemical evolution, proto-cell membrane, lipid bilyer, coarse-grained molecular model, abstract chemical reaction system, constructive approach

Record Details Similar Records Cite « Share

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

畠山, �. (n.d.). 原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究. (Thesis). Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology / 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10119/4188

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

畠山, 剛臣. “原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究.” Thesis, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology / 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学. Accessed January 26, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10119/4188.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

畠山, 剛臣. “原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究.” Web. 26 Jan 2021.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
No year of publication.

Vancouver:

畠山 �. 原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究. [Internet] [Thesis]. Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology / 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学; [cited 2021 Jan 26]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10119/4188.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Council of Science Editors:

畠山 �. 原始細胞膜に関する粗視化分子モデルおよび抽象化学反応系モデルを用いた構成的研究. [Thesis]. Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology / 北陸先端科学技術大学院大学; Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10119/4188

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation
No year of publication.

Open Access Theses and Dissertations