subject:(Optical diagnostics)

Virginia Tech

1. Wu, Yue. 4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF).

Degree: PhD, Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, 2016, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73554

► Optical diagnostics have become indispensable tools for the study of turbulent flows and flames. However, optical diagnostics developed in the past have been primarily limited… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Optical diagnostics; Tomography; Laser-induced fluorescence

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wu, Y. (2016). 4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF). (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73554

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wu, Yue. “4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF).” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73554.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wu, Yue. “4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF).” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Wu Y. 4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF). [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73554.

Council of Science Editors:

Wu Y. 4D combustion and flow diagnostics based on tomographic chemiluminescence (TC) and volumetric laser-induced fluorescence (VLIF). [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73554

2. Xu, Wenjiang. Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames.

Degree: PhD, Aerospace and Ocean Engineering, 2017, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79912

► Due to their scientific significance and practical applications, turbulent flows and flames have been under extensive and intensive research for a long time. Turbulent flows… (more)

▼ Due to their scientific significance and practical applications, turbulent flows and flames have been under extensive and intensive research for a long time. Turbulent flows and flames of interests to practice inherently have three-dimensional (3D) spatial structures, and therefore diagnostic techniques that can instantaneously resolve their 3D spatial features have long been desired and probably are needed to ultimately answer some of the open research questions. The goal of this dissertation thus is to investigate such diagnostics and demonstrate their capability and limitations in a range of turbulent flows/flames. To accomplish this goal, this dissertation developed and evaluated the following three diagnostic methods: tomographic chemiluminescence (TC), volumetric laser induced fluorescence (VLIF), and super-resolution planar laser induced fluorescence (SR-PLIF). First, 3D flame topography of well-controlled laboratory flames was measured with TC method and validated by a simultaneous 2D Mie scattering measurement. The results showed that the flame topography obtained from TC and the Mie scattering agreed qualitatively, but quantitative difference on the order of millimeter was observed between these two methods. Such difference was caused by the limitations of the TC method. The first limitation involves TC's reliance on chemiluminescence of nascent radicals (mainly CH*) in reacting flows, causing ambiguity in the definition of flame front and limiting its applications to certain types of reactive flow only. The second limitation involves TC's inability to study an isolated region of interest because the chemiluminescence is emitted everywhere in the flame. Based on the above understanding of the TC technique, the second part of this dissertation studied a VLIF method to overcome the above limitations of the TC technique. Compared with the TC technique, the VLIF method can be used in either reacting or non-reacting flow and on any particular region of interest. In the VLIF technique, the fluorescence signal was generated by exciting a target species with a laser slab of certain thickness. The signal was recorded by cameras from different perspectives, and then a VLIF tomographic algorithm was applied to resolve the spatial distribution of the concentration of the target species. An innovative 3D VLIF algorithm was proposed and validated by well-designed experiment. This model enables analysis of VLIF performance in terms of signal level, size of the field of view in 3D, and accuracy. However, due to the limited number of views and the tomographic reconstruction itself, the spatial resolution of VLIF methods is limited. Hence, the third part of this dissertation investigated a SR-PLIF method to provide a strategy to improve the spatial resolution in two spatial directions, and also to extend the measurement range of scanning 3D imaging strategies. The SR-PLIF method used planar images captured simultaneously from two (or more) orientations to reconstruct a final image with resolution enhanced or blurring… Advisors/Committee Members: Ma, Lin (committeechair), Lowe, Kevin T. (committee member), Philen, Michael Keith (committee member), Xiao, Heng (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Optical diagnostics; Tomography; Laser induced fluorescence

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APA (6^th Edition):

Xu, W. (2017). Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames. (Doctoral Dissertation). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79912

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Xu, Wenjiang. “Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames.” 2017. Doctoral Dissertation, Virginia Tech. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79912.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Xu, Wenjiang. “Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames.” 2017. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Xu W. Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2017. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79912.

Council of Science Editors:

Xu W. Three Dimensional Laser Diagnostics for Turbulent Flows and Flames. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Virginia Tech; 2017. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79912

Loughborough University

3. Jin, Yong-Hua. Optical investigations of cavitation.

Degree: PhD, 1995, Loughborough University

URL: https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283354

► This doctoral thesis describes the investigation carried out by the author in pursuit of a better understanding of the mechanism of cavitation. To create cavitation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 535; Optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jin, Y. (1995). Optical investigations of cavitation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loughborough University. Retrieved from https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283354

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jin, Yong-Hua. “Optical investigations of cavitation.” 1995. Doctoral Dissertation, Loughborough University. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283354.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jin, Yong-Hua. “Optical investigations of cavitation.” 1995. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Jin Y. Optical investigations of cavitation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1995. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283354.

Council of Science Editors:

Jin Y. Optical investigations of cavitation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1995. Available from: https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27390 ; http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283354

Colorado School of Mines

4. Wheeler, Jeffrey L. Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2016, Colorado School of Mines

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170332

► In this work, optical diagnostics are developed to investigate the electrochemical reactions and materials limitations of new battery technologies through in-situ and in-operando identification of… (more)

▼ In this work, optical diagnostics are developed to investigate the electrochemical reactions and materials limitations of new battery technologies through in-situ and in-operando identification of species and measurements of species concentrations in liquid electrolytes. Room Temperature Ionic Liquids (RTILs) are a promising type of new electrolyte material. RTILs have large electrochemical windows, low vapor pressures, and higher thermal stabilities than many organic electrolytes. The physical and electrochemical properties of RTILs are highly dependent on purity of the RTIL, and as a result considerable expense is added to the synthesis process by purification steps. Here, the first quantitative optical diagnostics are presented for heated RTILs. These quantitative spectra are used to make in-situ spectroscopic measurements of the rate of decomposition of heated [EMIM][EtSO4]. This study is the first in-situ optical investigation of the thermal breakdown of RTILs. Quantitative UV-vis spectral data of [EMIM][TFSI] and a common impurity, MIM, were applied to develop an low-cost optical sensor to provide process control for the industrial production of [EMIM][TFSI]. Custom hardware was constructed and tested in order to establish a calibration curve and limit of detection for the sensor. Quantitative spectroscopic techniques were also applied to measurements in a Na-Cu-I- battery. Quantum chemical calculations were performed to estimate the UV-vis absorption spectrum of the CuI2- ion. A custom optically accessible transmission cell has been designed and tested using both electrochemical methods and UV-vis spectroscopy. The quantitative spectral data are used to develop optical diagnostics for in-operando quantitative measurements of species concentrations in the cell. Comparison of the optical concentration measurements and the cell current reveals the formation of CuI2- is slow compared to the formation of CuI. Advisors/Committee Members: Porter, Jason M. (advisor), Kee, R. J. (committee member), Dreyer, Christopher B. (committee member), Maupin, C. Mark (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Diagnostics; Electrolytes; Instrumentation; Optical sensing; Spectroscopy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Wheeler, J. L. (2016). Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes. (Doctoral Dissertation). Colorado School of Mines. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170332

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Wheeler, Jeffrey L. “Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Colorado School of Mines. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170332.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Wheeler, Jeffrey L. “Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes.” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Wheeler JL. Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170332.

Council of Science Editors:

Wheeler JL. Spectroscopic and optical diagnostics for investigations of liquid electrolytes. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Colorado School of Mines; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/11124/170332

Loughborough University

5. Jin, Yong-Hua. Optical investigations of cavitation.

Degree: PhD, 1995, Loughborough University

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/27390

► This doctoral thesis describes the investigation carried out by the author in pursuit of a better understanding of the mechanism of cavitation. To create cavitation… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: 535; Optical diagnostics

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Jin, Y. (1995). Optical investigations of cavitation. (Doctoral Dissertation). Loughborough University. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2134/27390

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jin, Yong-Hua. “Optical investigations of cavitation.” 1995. Doctoral Dissertation, Loughborough University. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2134/27390.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jin, Yong-Hua. “Optical investigations of cavitation.” 1995. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Jin Y. Optical investigations of cavitation. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1995. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/27390.

Council of Science Editors:

Jin Y. Optical investigations of cavitation. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Loughborough University; 1995. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2134/27390

6. Kaddouri, Farah. Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air.

Degree: Docteur es, Energétique, 2011, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0035

►

Un grand nombre d’applications de plasmas à pression atmosphérique sont en développement. Une obtention de plasma à haute réactivité chimique pour un faible coût énergétique… (more)

▼

Un grand nombre d’applications de plasmas à pression atmosphérique sont en développement. Une obtention de plasma à haute réactivité chimique pour un faible coût énergétique est possible par l’utilisation de décharges nanosecondes répétitivement pulsées (DNRP).Cette recherche concerne plus particulièrement l’effet des NRPD en combustion assistée par plasma. Cette dernière permet l’utilisation de flammes pauvres, qui produisent moins de NOx et qui sont par conséquent moins polluantes.Pour comprendre les phénomènes physico-chimiques qui régissent les NRPD, différents diagnostiques optiques et mesures électriques ont étaient mis en place.L’efficacité de la combustion est très sensible à l’oxygène atomique (O). Nous avons présumé dans nos travaux que la production de cette oxygène ce faisant via un mécanisme a deux étapes où l’azote de l’air produis par impact électronique de l’azote excité aux états (A,B,C), qui réagis ensuite avec l’oxygène moléculaire donnant de l’oxygène atomique.Les densités d’états excités N2(B) et N2(C) on été déterminées par spectroscopie d’émission. L’état N2(A) est lui mesure par spectroscopie d’absorption en cavité résonnante. L’évolution de la concentration de l’oxygène atomique est déterminée par TALIF et on a noté jusqu'à 50% de dissociation de l’oxygène moléculaire en oxygène atomique. Des mesures résolues spatialement et temporellement ont été effectuées. L’élévation de la température du gaz dans la décharge a été établie. Des mesures électrique de tension et de courant ont permis l’estimation de l’énergie déposée par pulse.En résume ses mesures nous ont permis de mieux comprendre et de caractériser une DNRP dans l’air. Le fait que les temps de décroissance et les valeurs de l’évolution des concentrations des états excités de l’azote coïncident avec ceux de la production de l’oxygène atomique et que le gaz voit sa température s’élever de quelques centaines de degrés tendent à valider le mécanisme à deux étapes proposé.

In the last decade, nanosecond repetitively pulsed discharges (NRPD) had became very popular, because they allow to produce high electron densities and active species for an energy efficiency unequalled in air at atmospheric pressure.This thesis targets more particularly the effect of the NRP discharges in plasma-assisted combustion. NRP discharges can stabilize low temperature flames, which produce fewer NOx and are consequently less polluting. Few studies have investigated the mechanism of action of the plasma on flames.We have studied the kinetic mechanism of the atomic oxygen production, known as “two-step” or “ultrafast” mechanism. Where the nitrogen excited states (states A3Su,+, B3Pg, C3Pu) produced by electron impact during the 10ns-pulse dissociate oxygen with a heat release.To this end, various optical diagnostic techniques and electrical measurements, with time and space resolution of nanoseconds and hundreds of micrometers, have been set up.Densities of the excited states N2(B) and N2(C) have been determined by quantitative emission spectroscopy. The density…

Advisors/Committee Members: Laux, Christophe (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Mécanisme ultra-rapide; Pression atmosphérique; Diagnostics optiques; Ultra-fast mechanism; Atmospheric pressure; Optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kaddouri, F. (2011). Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air. (Doctoral Dissertation). Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0035

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kaddouri, Farah. “Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0035.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kaddouri, Farah. “Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air.” 2011. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Kaddouri F. Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0035.

Council of Science Editors:

Kaddouri F. Développement de diagnostics optiques avancés pour l'étude de la cinétique ultrarapide de production d'oxygène par décharge nanoseconde dans l'air à pression atmosphérique : Development of advanced optical diagnostics for the study of ultrafast kinetics of oxygen production by nanosecond discharges in atmospheric pressure air. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris; 2011. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2011ECAP0035

The Ohio State University

7. Goldberg, Benjamin M. Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2015, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449236861

► This dissertation presents the results of development of a picosecond four wave mixing technique and its use for electric field measurements in nanosecond pulse discharges.… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Mechanical Engineering; Optical diagnostics, Electric Field Measurements, Plasma Diagnostics, Four Wave Mixing, Nanosecond Pulse Discharge

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APA (6^th Edition):

Goldberg, B. M. (2015). Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449236861

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Goldberg, Benjamin M. “Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449236861.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Goldberg, Benjamin M. “Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing.” 2015. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Goldberg BM. Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449236861.

Council of Science Editors:

Goldberg BM. Electric Field Measurements in Non-Equilibrium ElectricDischarge Plasmas Using Picosecond Four-Wave Mixing. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2015. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449236861

University of Lund

8. Lind, Ted. Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques.

Degree: 2018, University of Lund

URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/02d41789-bc06-4ce0-93fd-3017880c8f37 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/54869105/Ted_Lind_Energivetenskaper_Digital_version_no_articles.pdf

► Internal combustion engines (ICE) have been a vital part of society ever since their inception more than a hundred years ago. While initially it seemed… (more)

▼ Internal combustion engines (ICE) have been a vital part of society ever since their inception more than a hundred years ago. While initially it seemed as if the replacement of horse and carriage had solved the issue with pollutant emissions, it became evident in the 60’s that emission from ICEs is a major concern. The first emissions in focus were the nitrogen oxides (NOx). Lately, however, focus has shifted towards emissions which affect the global warming trends. The two worst pollutants, with respect to global warming, are carbon dioxide and soot. The main focus of this thesis is the study of soot processes in optical diesel engines as well as development of optical soot diagnostics. While the diesel engine is favoured due to its high fuel efficiency, and therefore low CO2 emissions, it does suffer from higher soot emissions than the spark ignition engine. Soot emission is the net result of two competing processes; soot formation and soot oxidation. Soot oxidation processes have previously been shown to determine the trends of soot emissions for conventional diesel combustion and for that reason this thesis puts more focus on these. Another known fact is that injections of fuel after the main injection, so called post injections, have been shown to reduce soot emissions. However, exactly how this works is not clear. In this thesis we elucidate the mechanisms of post injection soot reduction with the use of a novel soot diagnostic technique called diffuse back-illumination extinction imaging. Using this technique it is revealed that one of the reasons behind the soot reduction of post injections is that most or all of the soot that is formed by a short post injection is also oxidized, thus leading to no net emissions. The oxidation process is especially enhanced due to the increased mixing which occurs in the jet as the injector closes. Lastly, a new soot thermometry technique based on the DBI technique is developed. By directly measuring the amount of soot within a flame with an active technique such as DBI, many of the uncertainties associated with conventional optical thermometry techniques such as two color pyrometry can be avoided.

Subjects/Keywords: Teknik och teknologier; Soot, Soot diagnostics, Soot oxidation, Extinction Imaging, Soot thermometry, Optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lind, T. (2018). Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/02d41789-bc06-4ce0-93fd-3017880c8f37 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/54869105/Ted_Lind_Energivetenskaper_Digital_version_no_articles.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lind, Ted. “Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/02d41789-bc06-4ce0-93fd-3017880c8f37 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/54869105/Ted_Lind_Energivetenskaper_Digital_version_no_articles.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lind, Ted. “Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques.” 2018. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Lind T. Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/02d41789-bc06-4ce0-93fd-3017880c8f37 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/54869105/Ted_Lind_Energivetenskaper_Digital_version_no_articles.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Lind T. Application and Development of Optical Soot Diagnostic Techniques. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2018. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/02d41789-bc06-4ce0-93fd-3017880c8f37 ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/54869105/Ted_Lind_Energivetenskaper_Digital_version_no_articles.pdf

University of New South Wales

9. Le, Minh Khoi. Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics.

Degree: Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2015, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55272 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:37004/SOURCE02?view=true

► The fuel penetration and reacting diesel jet development have been studied in a small-bore optical engine to improve the understanding of a swirl-influenced, wall-interacting diesel… (more)

▼ The fuel penetration and reacting diesel jet development have been studied in a small-bore optical engine to improve the understanding of a swirl-influenced, wall-interacting diesel flame. The optical access to the engine combustion chamber was made possible via multiple quartz windows positioned in a cylindrical piston bowl and cylinder liner. Using the common-rail fuel injection system of the engine, the fuel injection was executed for long duration, creating negative ignition dwell conditions in which the start of combustion occurs before the end of injection. A single-hole nozzle was used to isolate the jet-wall interaction from jet-jet interactions while limiting the in-cylinder pressure below the burst-pressure of quartz windows. Planar laser-induced fluorescence imaging of hydroxyl (OH-PLIF), fuel-PLIF, and line-of-sight integrated chemiluminescence imaging were performed for various combustion stages identified by the in-cylinder pressure traces and apparent heat release rates. These include stages of vaporising fuel penetration, low-temperature reaction, and high-temperature reaction. The fuel-PLIF images show that the fuel penetration was strongly influenced by a swirl flow with the wall-jet penetration on the up-swirl side being shorter than that of the down-swirl jet. During the low-temperature reaction, cool flame chemiluminescence appears in the wall-jet head region. Interestingly, this region is where a turbulent ring-vortex is formed due to jet-wall interactions, suggesting that locally enhanced mixing induced the first-stage ignition. The OH-PLIF images show that the second-stage, high-temperature reaction starts to occur and then expand drastically in the same wall-jet head region. Since the reaction occurs in the wall-jet region, the swirl flow impacts the high-temperature reaction significantly, as evidenced by more intense OH signals in the down-swirl jet. This is due to the influence of the swirl flow on the mixing process, leading to relatively richer mixtures on the down-swirl side. Upon the end of fuel injection, the heat release rate declines and the OH-PLIF signals slowly diminish.How the variation in injection pressure influences the combustion processes of a wall-interacting diesel jet has also been investigated. The cool-flame images together with the apparent heat release rate suggest that the low-temperature reaction still emerges from the wall-interacting jet head region but it becomes stronger with increasing injection pressure due to the better air-fuel mixing at the enhanced turbulent ring-vortex. The influence of in-cylinder swirl flow on the OH* chemiluminescence signals was again observed such that the high-temperature reaction in the down-swirl side of the jet occurs earlier than that in the up-swirl side of the jet regardless of the injection pressure. Moreover, the second-stage ignition on the down-swirl side of the jet is also found to be stronger than the up-swirl side of the jet initially. However, as the injection pressure increases and the high temperature reaction… Advisors/Committee Members: Kook, Sanghoon, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Laser diagnostics; Optical engine; Engine combustion; OH-PLIF; Soot-PLII; Optical diagnostics; Diesel engine; Diesel jet development

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APA (6^th Edition):

Le, M. K. (2015). Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55272 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:37004/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Le, Minh Khoi. “Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics.” 2015. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55272 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:37004/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Le, Minh Khoi. “Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics.” 2015. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Le MK. Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55272 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:37004/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Le MK. Understanding the development of a reacting fuel jet inside an automotive-size diesel engine using optical and laser-based diagnostics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2015. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/55272 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:37004/SOURCE02?view=true

The Ohio State University

10. Kastner, Jeffrey F. Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2007, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181753004

► The present research examines the relationship between the large-scale structure dynamics of a jet and the far-field sound. This was achieved by exploring the flowfield… (more)

▼ The present research examines the relationship between the large-scale structure dynamics of a jet and the far-field sound. This was achieved by exploring the flowfield and the far field of an axisymmetric Mach 0.9 jet with a Reynolds number of approximately 0.76 million. The jet is controlled by eight plasma actuators, which operate over a large frequency range and have independent phase control allowing excitation of azimuthal modes (m) 0, 1, 2, and 3. The jet’s far field is probed with a microphone array positioned at 30 degrees with respect to the downstream jet axis. The array is used to estimate the origin of peak sound events in space, and find the sound pressure level (SPL) and overall sound pressure level (OASPL). The lower forcing Strouhal numbers (StDF’s) increase the OASPL and move noise sources upstream while higher StDF’s decrease the OASPL and have noise source distributions similar to the baseline jet. The flowfield was investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV). A Reynolds decomposition of the PIV data emphasized the importance of the streamwise velocity fluctuations for the symmetric azimuthal modes (m = 0 and 2) and the cross-stream velocity fluctuations for the asymmetric azimuthal modes (m = 1 and 3). A proper orthogonal decomposition of the PIV data was performed to extract information about how forcing affects the large-scale flow features and conditionally average the PIV data. When forcing at StD’s other than the preferred mode, the conditional-averaged images show large-scale flow features that grow, saturate, and decay closer to the nozzle exit. When exciting a symmetric azimuthal mode, m = 0, near the preferred StDF, the streamwise phase-averaged velocity grows quickly and saturates over a relatively long spatial range. When exciting an asymmetric azimuthal mode, m = 1, near the preferred StDF, the cross-stream phase-averaged velocity grows slowly, saturates, and then decays relatively quickly. The noise source distribution occurred in the decay region for both m = 0 and m = 1, and the distribution changed in accordance with changes in the decay rate. Advisors/Committee Members: Samimy, Mo (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Engineering, Mechanical; Fluid Dynamics; Gas Dynamics; Aeroacoustics; Optical Diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kastner, J. F. (2007). Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets. (Doctoral Dissertation). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181753004

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kastner, Jeffrey F. “Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets.” 2007. Doctoral Dissertation, The Ohio State University. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181753004.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kastner, Jeffrey F. “Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets.” 2007. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Kastner JF. Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2007. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181753004.

Council of Science Editors:

Kastner JF. Far-field radiated noise mechanisms in high reynolds number and high-speed jets. [Doctoral Dissertation]. The Ohio State University; 2007. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1181753004

University of Western Ontario

11. Khalid, Mahro. Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow.

Degree: 2018, University of Western Ontario

URL: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5752

► Premature infants are at high risk of neonatal brain injury due to poor cerebrovascular regulation, leading to periods of dangerously low cerebral blood flow (CBF)… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: DCS; Neuromonitoring; Medical imaging; NIRS; Optical diagnostics; Medical Biophysics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Khalid, M. (2018). Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow. (Thesis). University of Western Ontario. Retrieved from https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5752

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Khalid, Mahro. “Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow.” 2018. Thesis, University of Western Ontario. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5752.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Khalid, Mahro. “Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow.” 2018. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Khalid M. Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5752.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Khalid M. Development and validation of a stand-alone DCS system for monitoring absolute cerebral blood flow. [Thesis]. University of Western Ontario; 2018. Available from: https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/etd/5752

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Wayne State University

12. Florea, Radu Catalin. Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2012, Wayne State University

URL: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/491

► The details of the dual-fuel combustion of n-heptane and ethanol were investigated in an optically accessible engine representative of light-duty applications. Experimental work involved… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: combustion, dual-fuel combustion, optical diagnostics; Mechanical Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Florea, R. C. (2012). Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine. (Doctoral Dissertation). Wayne State University. Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/491

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Florea, Radu Catalin. “Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine.” 2012. Doctoral Dissertation, Wayne State University. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/491.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Florea, Radu Catalin. “Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine.” 2012. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Florea RC. Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Wayne State University; 2012. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/491.

Council of Science Editors:

Florea RC. Optical investigation of ethanol and n-heptane dual-fuel partially premixed combution in s reciprocating engine. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Wayne State University; 2012. Available from: https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/491

University of New South Wales

13. Fattah, Islam Md Rizwanul. Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions.

Degree: Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, 2019, University of New South Wales

URL: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/61448 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55664/SOURCE02?view=true

► This dissertation reports on the improved fundamental understanding of the flame—wall interaction to achieve greater soot emission reduction in diesel engine conditions. Three specific aims… (more)

▼ This dissertation reports on the improved fundamental understanding of the flame—wall interaction to achieve greater soot emission reduction in diesel engine conditions. Three specific aims addressed in this dissertation were: (1) flame—wall interaction on combustion and soot processes, (2) flame—wall interaction on multiple-injection and (3) applicability of flame diagnostics methods in the presence of flame—wall interaction. For this work experiments were performed in a constant-volume combustion chamber which can mimic diesel engine conditions without associated drawbacks viz. complex flow field, non-stationary nature, high turbulence, and strong interactions etc. and facilitates the visualization of spray flame. Four optical diagnostic techniques were used for this work to obtain liquid and combusting phase information for the test cases viz. Mie-scattering, diffused-background illumination, OH-chemiluminescence, and high-speed natural flame luminosity imaging. Two-colour pyrometry and colour-ratio pyrometry techniques were used to provide further soot temperature and soot KL information. To assess the influence of wall impingement on the combustion and soot processes of the jet, experimental measurements were performed with impinging and free flames at identical ambient and injector conditions of 20.8 kg/m3 ambient density, 6 MPa ambient pressure, 1000K bulk temperature, 15 and 10 vol.% ambient O2 concentration, and 100 MPa injection pressure. To simulate flame—wall impingement, a flat plane steel wall, normal to the injector axis, was placed at 53 mm and 35 mm from the nozzle to study the effect of wall distance variation. It was found that wall impingement resulted in lower soot temperature and soot content compared to that of free flame. The results also revealed that decreasing impingement distance from the nozzle result in reduced soot temperature and soot level for the wall jet. To study the effect of multiple-injection on the flame—wall impingement on the combustion and soot processes, post-injection strategy was implemented, which is a multiple-injection strategy that is commonly used as a particulate matter control measure to reduce soot emissions. Similar ambient and injector conditions of 20.8 kg/m3 ambient density, 6 MPa ambient pressure, 1000 K bulk temperature, 15 vol.% ambient O2 concentration, and 100 MPa injection pressure were used for comparing the characteristics of impinging and free flames. A mass ratio of 80%−20% was maintained between the main and post-injections, with the dwell time between the injections varied from 1.5 to 2.5 ms. The results indicated, presence of wall affects the post-injection combustion process with varying effect depending on dwell time. A shorter-dwell post injection was found to be more conducive to soot reduction than that of a longer-dwell post injection. Analysis also reveals that, an optimal post-injection duration in conjunction with a shorter dwell time would effectively suppress the soot from main injection. A preceding study with post-injection was… Advisors/Committee Members: Chan, Qing Nian, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW, Kook, Sanghoon, Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW.

Subjects/Keywords: Colour-ratio pyrometry; Flame—wall interaction; Two-colour pyrometry; Optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Fattah, I. M. R. (2019). Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of New South Wales. Retrieved from http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/61448 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55664/SOURCE02?view=true

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Fattah, Islam Md Rizwanul. “Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions.” 2019. Doctoral Dissertation, University of New South Wales. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/61448 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55664/SOURCE02?view=true.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Fattah, Islam Md Rizwanul. “Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions.” 2019. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Fattah IMR. Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/61448 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55664/SOURCE02?view=true.

Council of Science Editors:

Fattah IMR. Flame—wall interaction in diesel engine conditions. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of New South Wales; 2019. Available from: http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/61448 ; https://unsworks.unsw.edu.au/fapi/datastream/unsworks:55664/SOURCE02?view=true

Georgia Tech

14. Lim, Chang Hyeon. Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2019, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61291

► Interest in fundamental properties of carbon dioxide near the critical point led to an investigation of supercritical CO2 flow through a converging-diverging nozzle. To study… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Supercritical CO2; High speed optical diagnostics; Two-phase flow

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APA (6^th Edition):

Lim, C. H. (2019). Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle. (Masters Thesis). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61291

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Lim, Chang Hyeon. “Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle.” 2019. Masters Thesis, Georgia Tech. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61291.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Lim, Chang Hyeon. “Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle.” 2019. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Lim CH. Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2019. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61291.

Council of Science Editors:

Lim CH. Visualization of nucleation of supercritical carbon dioxide flow through a nozzle. [Masters Thesis]. Georgia Tech; 2019. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/61291

Virginia Tech

15. Barboza, Kris Leo. A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2015, Virginia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52000

► Increased operations of aircraft, both commercial and military, in hostile desert environments have increased risks of micro-sized particle ingestion into engines. The probability of increased… (more)

▼ Increased operations of aircraft, both commercial and military, in hostile desert environments have increased risks of micro-sized particle ingestion into engines. The probability of increased sand and dust ingestion results in increased life cycle costs, in addition to increased potential for performance loss. Thus, abilities to accurately characterize inlet sand would be useful for engine diagnostics and prognostic evaluation. Previous characterization studies were based on particle measurements performed a posteriori. Thus, there exists a need for in situ quantification of ingested particles. The work presented in this thesis describes initial developments of a line-of-sight optical technique to characterize ingested particles at concentrations similar to those experienced by aircraft in brownout conditions using light extinction with the end goal of producing an onboard aircraft diagnostic sensor. By measuring the extinct light intensity in presence of particles over range of concentrations, a relationship between diameters, concentration and light extinction was used for characterization. The particle size distribution was assumed log-normal and size range of interest 1-10 μm. To validate the technique, particle characterization in both static and flow based tests were performed on polystyrene latex spheres of sizes 1.32 μm, 3.9 μm, 5.1 μm, and 7 μm in mono-disperse and poly-disperse mixtures. Results from the static experiments were obtained with a maximum relative error of 11%. Concentrations from the static experiments were obtained with a maximum relative error of 18%. Mono-dispersed and poly-dispersed particle samples were sized in a flow setup, with a maximum relative error of 12% and 10% respectively across all diameter samples tested. Uncertainty in measurements were quantified, with results indicating a maximum error of 17% in diameters due to sources of variability and showed that shorter wavelength lasers provide lower errors in concentration measurements, compared to longer wavelengths. For real time, on-board measurements, where path lengths traveled by light are much larger than distances traveled in initial proof of concept experimental setups, requirements would be to install sensitive detectors and powerful lasers to prevent operation near noise floors of detectors. Vibration effects from the engine can be mitigated by using larger area collection optics to ensure that the transmitted light falls on active detector areas. Results shown in this thesis point towards validity of the light extinction technique to provide real time characterization of ingested particles, and will serve as an impetus to carry out further research using this technique to characterize particles entering aircraft engine inlets. Advisors/Committee Members: Ekkad, Srinath V. (committeechair), Ng, Wing Fai (committeechair), O'Brien, Walter F. Jr. (committee member), Lowe, Kevin T. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Optical Diagnostics; On-board Sensor; Light Extinction; Particle Characterization; Me Extinction

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APA (6^th Edition):

Barboza, K. L. (2015). A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction. (Masters Thesis). Virginia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52000

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Barboza, Kris Leo. “A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction.” 2015. Masters Thesis, Virginia Tech. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52000.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Barboza, Kris Leo. “A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction.” 2015. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Barboza KL. A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2015. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52000.

Council of Science Editors:

Barboza KL. A Diagnostic Technique for Particle Characterization Using Laser Light Extinction. [Masters Thesis]. Virginia Tech; 2015. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52000

University of Texas – Austin

16. Kim, Tae Jin, active 21st century. Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2013, University of Texas – Austin

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26078

► As the fluidic devices are miniaturized to improve portability, the friction of the microchannel becomes intrinsically high and a high pumping power will be required… (more)

▼ As the fluidic devices are miniaturized to improve portability, the friction of the microchannel becomes intrinsically high and a high pumping power will be required to drive the fluid. Since the pumping power delivered by portable devices is limited, one method to reduce this is to render the surface to become slippery. This can be achieved by roughening up the microchannel wall and form a bed of air pockets between the roughness elements, which is known as the superhydrophobic Cassie-Baxter state. While the study on superhydrophobic microchannels are focused mainly in maximizing the friction reduction effects and maintaining the stability of the air pockets, less attention has been given to characterizing the microchannel friction under a metastable state, where partial flooding of the micro-textures may be present, and under heated conditions, where the air pockets are trapped between the micro-textures. In order to quantify the frictional characteristics, microchannels with micron-sized trenches on the side walls were fabricated and tested under varying inlet pressures and heating conditions. By measuring the hydrodynamic resistance and comparing with numerical simulations, results suggest that (1) the air-water interface behaves close to a no-slip boundary condition, (2) friction becomes insensitive to the wetting degree once the micro-trenches become highly wetting, (3) the fully wetted micro-trench may be beneficial over the de-wetted ones in order to achieve friction reduction effects and (4) heating the micro-trenches to induce a highly de-wetting state may actually be detrimental to the microchannel flow due the excessive growth of the air layer. As part of the future work to characterize heat transfer in superhydrophobic microchannels, a rectangular microchannel with microheaters embedded close to the side walls was fabricated and the corresponding heat transfer rates were measured through dual fluorescence thermometry. Results suggested that significant heat is lost through the environment despite the high thermal resistance of the microchannel material. An extra insulation is suggested prior to characterizing the convective heat transfer coefficients in the superhydrophobic microchannel flow. Advisors/Committee Members: Hidrovo, Carlos (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Superhydrophobic surfaces; Friction reduction; Surface energy; Heat transfer; Optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Kim, Tae Jin, a. 2. c. (2013). Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Texas – Austin. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26078

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Kim, Tae Jin, active 21st century. “Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow.” 2013. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Texas – Austin. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26078.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Kim, Tae Jin, active 21st century. “Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow.” 2013. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Kim, Tae Jin a2c. Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26078.

Council of Science Editors:

Kim, Tae Jin a2c. Pressure and thermal effects on superhydrophobic friction reduction in a microchannel flow. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Texas – Austin; 2013. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2152/26078

17. Sousa martins, Rafael Alexandre. Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material.

Degree: Docteur es, Énergétique, 2016, Paris Saclay

URL: http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC080

►

Aujourd’hui, l’étude des effets directs de la foudre sur les structures aéronautiques pourrait s’appuyer, au moins en partie, sur des outils de simulation. Néanmoins, le… (more)

▼

Aujourd’hui, l’étude des effets directs de la foudre sur les structures aéronautiques pourrait s’appuyer, au moins en partie, sur des outils de simulation. Néanmoins, le manque de données expérimentales sur la phase d’arc impulsionnelle ne permet pas de justifier le caractère prédictif des outils de simulation.L’objectif de cette thèse est de réaliser une base de données expérimentale en s’appuyant sur la caractérisation des arcs de foudre dans des situations standardisées. Ces données peuvent être utilisées à la fois pour la compréhension des phénomènes observés lors des essais, mais surtout comme référence comparable aux outils de simulation.Dans un premier temps, on s’intéresse à la colonne d'arc libre dans l’air, hors interaction avec les électrodes. Par ailleurs, les profils spatio-temporels de température et de pression sont évalués par spectroscopie d'émission. On montre ainsi que, pour un arc de 100 kA, la température maximale atteint 37400 K sur l'axe de la colonne à 2 μs après l’amorçage, avec une pression de l’ordre de 45 bars.Dans un second temps, on s’intéresse à l'interaction de l'arc foudre avec des matériaux aéronautiques. La dynamique du pied d'arc ainsi que les caractéristiques de l’onde de choc sont analysées sur différents matériaux aéronautiques tels que l’aluminium ou des composites à fibres de carbone. Les contraintes thermomécaniques subies par le matériau sont étudiées par thermographie infrarouge, et par des mesures de déflexion rapide au centre du matériau, conduisant à une évaluation de la pression exercée par l’arc au point d’impact.

Nowadays, the study of the direct effects of lightning on aeronautical structures could be based, at least in part, on simulation tools. Nevertheless, the lack of experimental data on the transient phase of the lightning arc does not allow us to justify the predictive nature of the simulation tools. The objective of this thesis is to produce an experimental database based on the characterization of lightning arcs in standardized situations. These data can be used both for the understanding of the phenomena observed during the tests, but especially as a reference comparable to the simulation tools.First, we are interested in the free arc column in air, without interaction with the electrodes. Furthermore, time- and space-resolved profilesof temperature and pressure are evaluated by emission spectroscopy. For a 100 kA arc, it is shown that the temperature reaches 37400 K in the arc axis at 2 μs after arc ignition, with a corresponding pressure of 45 bar.Second, we are interested in the interaction of the lightning arc with aeronautical materials. The dynamics of the arc roots and the characteristics of the shock wave are analyzed for different aeronautical materials such as aluminum or carbon fiber composites. The thermo-mechanical constraints applied on the material are studied by infrared thermography and by rapid deflection measurements at the center of panel, leading to an evaluation of the pressure exercised by the arc at the attachment point.

Advisors/Committee Members: Soufiani, Anouar (thesis director).

Subjects/Keywords: Foudre; Arc électrique; Diagnostics optiques; Plasma; Pied d'arc; Matériaux aéronautiques; Lightning; Electric arc; Optical diagnostics; Plasma; Arc roots; Aeronautical materials

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APA (6^th Edition):

Sousa martins, R. A. (2016). Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material. (Doctoral Dissertation). Paris Saclay. Retrieved from http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC080

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Sousa martins, Rafael Alexandre. “Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, Paris Saclay. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC080.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Sousa martins, Rafael Alexandre. “Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material.” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Sousa martins RA. Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Paris Saclay; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC080.

Council of Science Editors:

Sousa martins RA. Etude expérimentale et théorique d'un arc de foudre et son interaction avec un matériau aéronautique : Experimental and theoretical studies of lightning arcs and their interaction with aeronautical material. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Paris Saclay; 2016. Available from: http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC080

University of Otago

18. Doronin, Alexander. The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics .

Degree: 2014, University of Otago

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4651

► Nowadays optical and laser-based diagnostics technologies are widely used in many fields such as oncology, vascular and developmental biology, dermatology, pharmacy, materials sciences, food, and… (more)

▼ Nowadays optical and laser-based diagnostics technologies are widely used in many fields such as oncology, vascular and developmental biology, dermatology, pharmacy, materials sciences, food, and the cosmetic and health care industries. Optical techniques have a number of advantages over traditional methods and provide a broad variety of practical solutions for non-invasive diagnostics in a range of studies from single cells to biopsy of specific biological tissues and even whole organs. Conceptual design of a particular optical diagnostics system for non-invasive in vivo measurements of structural alterations in biological tissues and changes in their physiological properties requires careful selection of various technical parameters, including wavelength, coherence, polarization and intensity profile of incident optical radiation, sensitivity of the detector, size, and the geometry and mutual position of source and detector. When applied to biological tissues, multiple scattering of light overwhelmingly prevents laser-based techniques from providing high quality images of tissue structure and structural changes. Thus, comprehensive studies of optical radiation propagation and signal formation are required. Due to the complex inhomogeneous structure of biological tissues no general analytical solution exists that can describe the detected optical signal and how it is affected by structural or physiological changes. However, there is an exceptional example of a stochastic approach: the Monte Carlo method. Without extrinsic or intrinsic constraints, throughout the years the Monte Carlo method has been a gold standard for the assessment of optical radiation propagation and spacial localization of signals in biological tissues. Nonetheless, previously developed Monte Carlo models were extremely resource consuming and suffered from serious disadvantages, considerably limiting their applications. Due to the diversity of existing optical diagnostics modalities the development of a new Monte Carlo code was typically required for a particular practical application. This thesis describes the work that has gone into the development of the unified Monte Carlo model and considers its applications for the particular needs of biomedical optics. By utilizing the developed model, an intimate investigation of optical radiation propagation in highly scattering randomly inhomogeneous media such as biological tissues has been carried out. Further developments of the method and a complete theoretical background are presented. Emphasis is given to including the method the coherent properties of optical radiation. The developed model supports of a variety of configurations corresponding to the actual experimental conditions. The code of the developed model has been generalized and unified for multi-purpose use for various applications in biomedical optics utilizing object oriented programming. A dramatic speed up of simulations has been achieved using parallel programming on graphics cards. A user friendly, web-based prototype of a… Advisors/Committee Members: Meglinski, Igor (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Biophotonics; Biomedical Imaging; Monte Carlo method; Optical Diagnostics; Parallel programming; CUDA; Image processing; Optical coherence tomography; Diffusing-wave polarimetry; Earlier cancer diagnostics; Online Monte Carlo tool

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Doronin, A. (2014). The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Otago. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4651

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Doronin, Alexander. “The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics .” 2014. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Otago. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4651.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Doronin, Alexander. “The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics .” 2014. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Doronin A. The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Otago; 2014. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4651.

Council of Science Editors:

Doronin A. The unified Monte Carlo model of photon migration in scattering tissue-like media for the needs of Biomedical Optics . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Otago; 2014. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10523/4651

Georgia Tech

19. Durbin, Samuel Glen, II. Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets.

Degree: PhD, Mechanical Engineering, 2005, Georgia Tech

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6858

► Turbulent liquid sheets have been proposed to protect solid structures in fusion power plants by attenuating damaging radiation. For the High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion Energy (HYLIFE-II)… (more)

▼ Turbulent liquid sheets have been proposed to protect solid structures in fusion power plants by attenuating damaging radiation. For the High-Yield Lithium-Injection Fusion Energy (HYLIFE-II) inertial fusion energy (IFE) power plant concept, arrays of molten-salt sheets form a sacrificial barrier between the fusion event and the chamber first wall while permitting target injection and ignition. Thick liquid protection can help make fusion energy commercially attractive by reducing chamber size and prolonging chamber lifetime. Establishing an experimental design database for this basic building block flow will provide valuable information about various thick liquid protection schemes and allow reactor designers to establish acceptable tolerances between chamber components. Turbulent water sheets issuing downwards into ambient air were studied experimentally at Reynolds numbers of 53,000 ??0,000 and Weber numbers of 2,900 ??,000 based on average velocity and the short dimension of the nozzle exit ( and delta). Initial conditions were quantified by the streamwise (x) and transverse (z) velocity components using laser-Doppler velocimetry just upstream of the nozzle exit. Characterization of the mean free-surface position and free-surface fluctuations, or surface ripple, and estimation of the amount of mass ejected as droplets from the free surface were quantified in the near-field (within 25 and delta of the nozzle exit). Surface ripple and mean sheet geometry were determined directly from planar laser-induced fluorescence visualizations of the free surface. The droplets due to the turbulent breakup of the jet, termed here the hydrodynamic source term, were measured using a simple collection technique to within 1 and delta of the nominal free surface of the jet. The influence of various passive flow control techniques such as removing low-momentum fluid at the free surface (boundary-layer cutting) on sheet geometry, surface ripple, and turbulent breakup were also quantified. The data obtained in this research will allow designers of inertial fusion energy systems to identify the parameter ranges necessary for successful implementation of the thick liquid wall protection system. Advisors/Committee Members: Minami Yoda (Committee Co-Chair), Said I. Abdel-Khalik (Committee Co-Chair), Cyrus K. Aidun (Committee Member), Donald R. Webster (Committee Member), Ralph W. Moir (Committee Member), S. Mostafa Ghiaasiaan (Committee Member).

Subjects/Keywords: Free jet; Non-intrusive optical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Durbin, Samuel Glen, I. (2005). Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets. (Doctoral Dissertation). Georgia Tech. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6858

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Durbin, Samuel Glen, II. “Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets.” 2005. Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia Tech. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6858.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Durbin, Samuel Glen, II. “Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets.” 2005. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Durbin, Samuel Glen I. Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2005. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6858.

Council of Science Editors:

Durbin, Samuel Glen I. Dynamics and free-surface geometry of turbulent liquid sheets. [Doctoral Dissertation]. Georgia Tech; 2005. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1853/6858

University of Victoria

20. Storey, Douglas Wesley. A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF.

Degree: Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, 2011, University of Victoria

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3460

► A megawatt class electron linear accelerator (e-linac) will be constructed at TRIUMF as part of the new ARIEL facility which will produce rare ion beams… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: View Screen; Beam Profile Monitor; e-linac; Beam Diagnostics; Optical Transition Radiation (OTR); ARIEL; Optics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Storey, D. W. (2011). A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF. (Masters Thesis). University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3460

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Storey, Douglas Wesley. “A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF.” 2011. Masters Thesis, University of Victoria. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3460.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Storey, Douglas Wesley. “A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF.” 2011. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Storey DW. A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. University of Victoria; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3460.

Council of Science Editors:

Storey DW. A view screen beam profile monitor for the ARIEL e-linac at TRIUMF. [Masters Thesis]. University of Victoria; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3460

University of California – Irvine

21. Heidari, Andrew Emon. Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis.

Degree: Biomedical Engineering, 2018, University of California – Irvine

URL: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3ff1t74q

► Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non-invasive, high-resolution imaging modality, has seen an increasing role as a clinical diagnostic, screening, and therapeutic imaging method over the… (more)

▼ Optical coherence tomography (OCT), a non-invasive, high-resolution imaging modality, has seen an increasing role as a clinical diagnostic, screening, and therapeutic imaging method over the years. Medical specialties such as ophthalmology, interventional cardiology and gastroenterology have been able to take full advantage of OCT’s minimally invasive near-cellular depth resolution to stage and diagnose different disease states and medical conditions. Although we have seen a wide spread use of OCT in the aforementioned specialties, there remains a plethora of medical specialties that could potentially benefit from the use of a non-invasive, high-resolution imaging modality. This thesis concentrates on developing the use of OCT and analytical image processing methods to address clinical unmet needs in interventional pulmonology, head and neck cancer and dermatology. The work presented will specifically discuss nosocomial ventilator associated pneumonia, oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and androgenic alopecia (AA) respectively. Each medical condition studied required a unique imaging system and imaging probe to properly assess the presented clinical need. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) utilized a high-speed Fourier domain OCT (FD-OCT) imaging system with side-viewing probe, a microscope-based fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) system, and a bench top terahertz spectroscopy system. Using the three imaging modalities, the macroscopic structure of bacterial biofilm in-situ as well as biofilm bacterial phenotype composition could be resolved. OSCC required the development of a portable low-cost spectral domain OCT(SD-OCT) imaging system and low-profile forward viewing scanning probe to transport the system overseas to Bangalore, India where oral cancer has a high prevalence. Using intensity-based OCT as compared to the histology gold standard, differences between normal, dysplastic and malignant oral mucosa were determined. Lastly, androgenic alopecia better known as male or female pattern baldness, utilized a larger 3D scanning hand held microscope probe that provided a wide field of view yet a high lateral resolution to observe differences in hair shaft and hair follicle structure between varying stages of balding.Structural intensity-based OCT biomarkers are effective in analyzing various disease conditions, as evidence by the clinical OCT imaging applications. These biomarkers provide a means of assessing and staging the state of the medical condition in the spectrum between normal and abnormal. With such an imaging tool and outlook, physicians could further guide medical intervention, determine treatment efficacy and monitor disease progression.

Subjects/Keywords: Biomedical engineering; Optics; Androgenic Alopecia; Diagnostics; Optical Coherence Tomography; Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Ventilator Associated Pneumonia

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APA (6^th Edition):

Heidari, A. E. (2018). Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis. (Thesis). University of California – Irvine. Retrieved from http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3ff1t74q

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Heidari, Andrew Emon. “Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis.” 2018. Thesis, University of California – Irvine. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3ff1t74q.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Heidari, Andrew Emon. “Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis.” 2018. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Heidari AE. Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3ff1t74q.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Heidari AE. Developing Optical Biometrics Using Optical Coherence Tomography for Medical Screening and Diagnosis. [Thesis]. University of California – Irvine; 2018. Available from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/3ff1t74q

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Lund

22. Gallo, Yann. Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines.

Degree: 2016, University of Lund

URL: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bf27141e-9e02-4ad2-88cb-4d24a3c4ddef ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/16685442/Yann_Gallo_Late_Cycle_Soot_Oxidation_in_Diesel_Engines_DIGITAL.pdf

► Diesel engines are the most common engine technology used in transportation. Its widespread use comes from its inherent high efficiency and its relative low cost.… (more)

▼ Diesel engines are the most common engine technology used in transportation. Its widespread use comes from its inherent high efficiency and its relative low cost. It suffers from pollutant emission issues, however, that need detailed understanding of their origins to meet the strictest current and upcoming emission standards. The work presented in this thesis focuses on the study of the mechanism at the origin of soot particle emissions and gives indications on which parameters can effectively reduce them.There are two competing in-cylinder processes, soot formation and soot oxidation, governing soot emissions from conventional combustion in diesel engines. To this day, it is still often believed that inhibiting the formation of soot reduces its emissions, despite several studies showing poor relationship between soot formation and emission in most conditions encountered in diesel engines. The results presented in this thesis aims at highlighting the importance of soot oxidation in the late cycle over the soot formation process. An effort was realized to identify the parameters governing its oxidation and how it results in lower emission levels. The study of those parameters has been realised through the use of in-cylinder sampling of gases and optical measurements. The optical measurements were realised in a heavy-duty diesel engine using a Bowditch design with a specifically designed three-valve cylinder head. This cylinder head had an optical access located at the top of the combustion chamber, allowing the study of processes occurring in the late cycle, when the piston is moving down into the cylinder. The diagnostic chosen for this study is called laser extinction, a line of sight technique based on the absorption of light by the soot particles present in the flame. The data collected gave information on the evolution of the soot concentration and could be used to characterise the soot oxidation rate in the late cycle. The in-cylinder sampling measurements were realized in order to gather information on the soot particle characteristics.The results showed a strong correlation between the soot oxidation rates and the emission levels, underlining the importance of improving the oxidation rate rather than the soot formation in order to reduce soot emissions. It was shown that increasing the mixing of gases in the cylinder by means of increased turbulences could lead to a negative impact on the soot oxidation rates that were passed on to the soot levels in the exhaust. A variation of temperature of gases showed little to no impact on the soot oxidation rates and did not seem to effectively impact the emission levels. An increase of the gas density in the cylinder of gases lead to improved oxidation rate that also reduced emission levels. Of the injection related parameters studied, the injection pressure and the injector hole size had a strong impact on the soot oxidation rates even long after the end of the injection process. The most important parameter identified that affected the soot oxidation rates was the…

Subjects/Keywords: Energiteknik; Soot oxidation; Laser extinction; Optical diagnostics; Diesel engines; Gas sampling; Particulate matter

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Gallo, Y. (2016). Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Lund. Retrieved from http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bf27141e-9e02-4ad2-88cb-4d24a3c4ddef ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/16685442/Yann_Gallo_Late_Cycle_Soot_Oxidation_in_Diesel_Engines_DIGITAL.pdf

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Gallo, Yann. “Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines.” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Lund. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bf27141e-9e02-4ad2-88cb-4d24a3c4ddef ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/16685442/Yann_Gallo_Late_Cycle_Soot_Oxidation_in_Diesel_Engines_DIGITAL.pdf.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Gallo, Yann. “Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines.” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Gallo Y. Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Lund; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bf27141e-9e02-4ad2-88cb-4d24a3c4ddef ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/16685442/Yann_Gallo_Late_Cycle_Soot_Oxidation_in_Diesel_Engines_DIGITAL.pdf.

Council of Science Editors:

Gallo Y. Late Cycle Soot Oxidation in Diesel Engines. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Lund; 2016. Available from: http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/bf27141e-9e02-4ad2-88cb-4d24a3c4ddef ; http://portal.research.lu.se/ws/files/16685442/Yann_Gallo_Late_Cycle_Soot_Oxidation_in_Diesel_Engines_DIGITAL.pdf

Iowa State University

23. Tiarks, Jordan A. Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis.

Degree: 2018, Iowa State University

URL: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16889

► Fast pyrolysis of biomass has the potential for high-yield production of valuable fuels and chemicals from renewable biological and agricultural waste feedstocks. Optimization of this… (more)

▼ Fast pyrolysis of biomass has the potential for high-yield production of valuable fuels and chemicals from renewable biological and agricultural waste feedstocks. Optimization of this technology is dependent on developing a deeper understanding of the complex transport and kinetic phenomena which drive product formation. In this dissertation, direct, time-resolved imaging of feedstock degradation and product formation mechanisms for the pyrolysis of whole biomass and several of its components has been made inside an optically accessible pyrolysis reactor. The reactor thermal and transport characterization allows the determination of dominant mechanisms of pyrolysis product formation in the multiphase reacting environment. This novel investigation of biomass pyrolysis simultaneously captures relevant transport and kinetic phenomena including melt, agglomeration, ejection, evaporation and condensation throughout the pyrolysis of solid biomass feedstocks and the surrounding reactive environment. A novel pyrolysis reactor was developed in order to provide four-sided optical access to probe near-particle surface phenomena. The reactor and pyrolysis conditions were characterized using multiple techniques in order to better understand the relevant transport and kinetic limitations from which to interpret the imaging results. Condensed-phase products were analyzed via gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to verify product compositions obtained using the optically accessible reactor match those observed in other small-scale test reactors. Acetone planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) temperature measurements and multi-point thermocouple mapping provide a detailed thermal profile of the reaction environment and the convectively driven transport near the reaction filament. A line heat source conductivity measurement was developed and used to characterize the biomass feedstock effective conductivity in order to understand heat transport through the biomass sample from the heated filament strip. These studies indicate non-isothermal pyrolysis conditions with both heat and mass transfer limitations which must be accounted for in the interpretation of results - as is common in many pyrolysis reactors. Planar Mie scattering of product condensation across a well characterized thermal boundary layer allows for time resolved tracking of product formation through distinct condensation bands which are attributed to unique classes of compounds. Correlating the time-resolved condensation scattering signal to simultaneous color micro-scale imaging of feedstock morphological changes allows for developing an understanding of the physical and chemical mechanisms which drive product formation during the pyrolysis of biomass. Dominant transport appears to occur via evaporation and condensation/re-polymerization reactions with minimal contribution from ejection of large aerosols/droplets. In order to elucidate the nature and timescales of the transport of evaporated products away from the reacting biomass sample, a planar fluorescence…

Subjects/Keywords: Biofuels; Mie Scattering; Optical Diagnostics; PLIF; Pyrolysis; Mechanical Engineering; Oil, Gas, and Energy

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APA (6^th Edition):

Tiarks, J. A. (2018). Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis. (Thesis). Iowa State University. Retrieved from https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16889

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Tiarks, Jordan A. “Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis.” 2018. Thesis, Iowa State University. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16889.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Tiarks, Jordan A. “Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis.” 2018. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Tiarks JA. Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis. [Internet] [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16889.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Tiarks JA. Investigation of fundamental transport and physicochemical phenomena in lignocellulosic fast pyrolysis. [Thesis]. Iowa State University; 2018. Available from: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/16889

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Tennessee – Knoxville

24. Surmick, David Michael. Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization.

Degree: MS, Physics, 2014, University of Tennessee – Knoxville

URL: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2881

► In this work, spectroscopic emissions from laser ablated aluminum samples are used to characterize the time dependent decay of laser-induced plasma. The plasma is… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Molecular Spectroscopy; Atomic Spectroscopy; Plasma Diagnostics; Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Surmick, D. M. (2014). Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization. (Thesis). University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Retrieved from https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Surmick, David Michael. “Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization.” 2014. Thesis, University of Tennessee – Knoxville. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Surmick, David Michael. “Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization.” 2014. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Surmick DM. Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2014. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2881.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Surmick DM. Aluminum Monoxide Emission Measurements Following Laser-Induced Breakdown for Plasma Characterization. [Thesis]. University of Tennessee – Knoxville; 2014. Available from: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/2881

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Houston

25. Hernandez, Eduardo. Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air.

Degree: Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Department of, 2016, University of Houston

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3194

► Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasmas are increasingly attracting more attention from the scientific community for their potential use in surface treatment and biomedical applications. Even though… (more)

Subjects/Keywords: Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet; Plasma; Low Temperature Plasma; Optical Emission Diagnostics; He metastable

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APA (6^th Edition):

Hernandez, E. (2016). Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air. (Thesis). University of Houston. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Hernandez, Eduardo. “Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air.” 2016. Thesis, University of Houston. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Hernandez, Eduardo. “Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air.” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Hernandez E. Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air. [Internet] [Thesis]. University of Houston; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3194.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Hernandez E. Optical Emission Diagnostics of a Non-equilibrium Atmospheric Pressure Helium Plasma Jet in Ambient Air. [Thesis]. University of Houston; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10657/3194

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

University of Kentucky

26. Diao, Zhaojin. CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS.

Degree: 2018, University of Kentucky

URL: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/121

► Flame synthesis is a growing field of research aiming at forming new materials and coatings through injection of seed materials into a flame. Accurate prediction… (more)

▼ Flame synthesis is a growing field of research aiming at forming new materials and coatings through injection of seed materials into a flame. Accurate prediction of the thermal structure of these flames requires detailed information on the radiative properties and a thorough understanding of the governing combustion processes. The objective of this work is to establish a basic optical diagnostic characterization of different methane-air diffusion flames of different complexity. The basic principles are developed and demonstrated at a rotational symmetric co-flow burner and finally applied to a burner consisting of six clustered microflames which is designed for future flame synthesis work. This work focuses on the demonstration of the optical techniques for characterizing the optical emissions from diffusion flames and of the proposed method for the determination of radiating species properties from these optical measurements. In the co-flow diffusion flame setup, the fuel of methane diluted with nitrogen is provided through an inner tube while the air is applied through an outer duct surrounding the fuel nozzle. Filtered imaging and spectrally resolved measurements of the chemiluminescence of CH* and C2* and of water emission were conducted. A procedure for using the HITRAN database to support the spectroscopic analysis of the water emission was developed. In the six clustered microflames burner setup, the burner consisted of six micro-nozzles arranged in a circle surrounding a central nozzle through which air and TaN seed particles with sizes between 0.3 and 3 μm were injected. Spectrally resolved measurements of the chemiluminescence of CH* and C2* were conducted for temperature measurements. Imaging results obtained from a spectral integration of the molecular emission were compared to results from Japanese collaborators who applied a tomographic analysis method to filtered emission measurements of CH* emission which can yield spatially resolved three dimensional mapping of the flame front. The analysis of the spatial distribution of the integrated band emission of CH* and C2* showed that the emission of both species is generated at the same locations in the flame which are the thin flame sheets shown in the tomography results of CH*. The ratio of the C2* and the CH* emission from the emission spectroscopy measurements was used to determine a local equivalence ratio through empirically derived correlations for premixed flames reported in literature. Rotational and vibrational temperature distributions of CH* and C2* radicals throughout the entire flame were determined from the spectrally resolved emission from CH* and C2*. The temperatures of TaN seed particles were characterized using VIS-NIR emission spectra while varying fuel-air flow rates. The temperature profiles of the particles at various heights above the base of the central nozzle, obtained by their VIS-NIR continuum emission, showed a well-defined constant temperature region that extended well beyond the actual flame front and changed as fuel and…

Subjects/Keywords: flame synthesis; optical diagnostics; molecular spectroscopy; microflames; temperature measurement; Heat Transfer, Combustion

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APA (6^th Edition):

Diao, Z. (2018). CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Kentucky. Retrieved from https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/121

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Diao, Zhaojin. “CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS.” 2018. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Kentucky. Accessed November 16, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/121.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Diao, Zhaojin. “CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS.” 2018. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Diao Z. CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Kentucky; 2018. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/121.

Council of Science Editors:

Diao Z. CHARACTERIZATION OF METHANE-AIR DIFFUSION FLAMES FOR FLAME SYNTHESIS APPLICATION THROUGH OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Kentucky; 2018. Available from: https://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/121

University of Michigan

27. Huang, Wensheng. Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics.

Degree: PhD, Aerospace Engineering, 2011, University of Michigan

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86567

► This dissertation describes the use of optical diagnostics to study the Hall thruster channel wall erosion problem. The novel use of two-axis laser-induced fluorescence velocimetry… (more)

▼ This dissertation describes the use of optical diagnostics to study the Hall thruster channel wall erosion problem. The novel use of two-axis laser-induced fluorescence velocimetry produced velocity distribution function maps of the ions bombarding the channel walls of a 6 kW Hall thruster. This is the first published instance of the use of laser-induced fluorescence to study the bombarding particles near the discharge channel walls in a Hall thruster. Additionally, the dissertation demonstrated the first successful use of boron cavity ring-down spectroscopy to study channel wall erosion in a Hall thruster environment to measure the channel wall erosion rate. The combination of data from the two optical diagnostics highlighted the importance of the erosion zone length as a key parameter that drives channel wall erosion. The length of the erosion zone was found to scale roughly with the discharge voltage of the Hall thruster. There are also subtle signs that the erosion zone length decreases slightly with increasing anode mass flow rate. A simple engineering erosion model was formulated to produce a scaling equation that can be used to correlate the relative erosion rate across different discharge voltages and anode mass flow rates for the 6-kW Hall thruster with symmetric magnetic field topology. The equation shows that, to a first-order approximation, the erosion rate scales linearly with the anode mass flow rate and with the square of the discharge voltage. However, the key result of this dissertation is not the determination of the power to which the discharge voltage is raised. Instead, it is the method used to derive the scaling equation. The said method highlights the importance of determining the scaling relationship between the length of the erosion zone and the controlling parameters. This method has not been previously used because the diagnostics needed to study the aforementioned scaling relationship has not been previously available. Thus, it can be said that the truly original contribution of this dissertation to the study of the channel wall erosion problem is the development of the two optical diagnostics and a demonstration of their potential use. Advisors/Committee Members: Gallimore, Alec D. (committee member), Boyd, Iain D. (committee member), Foster, John Edison (committee member), Kamhawi, Hani (committee member), Smith, Timothy B. (committee member).

Subjects/Keywords: Hall Thruster; Channel Wall Erosion; Optical Diagnostics; LIF; CRDS; Aerospace Engineering; Engineering

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APA (6^th Edition):

Huang, W. (2011). Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics. (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Michigan. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86567

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Huang, Wensheng. “Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics.” 2011. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Michigan. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86567.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Huang, Wensheng. “Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics.” 2011. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Huang W. Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics. [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86567.

Council of Science Editors:

Huang W. Study of Hall Thruster Discharge Channel Wall Erosion via Optical Diagnostics. [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Michigan; 2011. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/86567

University of St. Andrews

28. Jess, Phillip R.T. Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine .

Degree: 2007, University of St. Andrews

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/410

► This thesis investigates the use of Raman tweezers microspectroscopy to interrogate the biochemistry of single biological cells. Raman tweezers microspectroscopy is a powerful technique, which… (more)

▼ This thesis investigates the use of Raman tweezers microspectroscopy to interrogate the biochemistry of single biological cells. Raman tweezers microspectroscopy is a powerful technique, which combines traditional Raman microspectroscopy and optical trapping, allowing the manipulation and environmental isolation of a biological cell of interest whilst simultaneously probing its biochemistry gleaning a wealth of pertinent information. The studies carried out in this thesis can be split into two broad categories: firstly, the exploitation of Raman tweezers microspectroscopy to study biological cells and secondly developments to the Raman tweezers microspectroscopy technique that extend its capabilities and the range of samples that can be studied. In the application of Raman tweezers, the stacking and interrogation of multiple cells is reported allowing a rapid representative Raman signal to be recorded from a small cell population with improved signal to noise. Also demonstrated is the ability of Raman spectroscopy to identify and grade the development of Human Papillomavirus induced cervical neoplasia with sensitivities of up to 96 %. These studies demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy to study biological cells but it was noted that the traditional Raman tweezers system struggled to manipulate large cells thus a decoupled Raman tweezers microspectroscopy system is presented where a dual beam fibre optical trap is used to perform the trapping function and a separate Raman probe is introduced to probe the biochemical nature of the trapped cell. This development allowed the trapping and examination of very large cells whilst opening up the possibility of creating Raman maps of trapped objects. Raman tweezers microspectroscopy could potentially become an important clinical diagnostic and biological monitoring tool but is held back by the long signal integration times required due to the weak nature of Raman scattering. The final study presented in this thesis examines the potential of wavelength modulated Raman spectroscopy to improve signal to noise ratios and reduce integration times. All these studies aim to demonstrate the potential and extend the performance of Raman tweezers microspectroscopy. Advisors/Committee Members: Dholakia, Kishan (advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Raman; Optical trapping; Biophotonics; Medical diagnostics

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APA (6^th Edition):

Jess, P. R. T. (2007). Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine . (Thesis). University of St. Andrews. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10023/410

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Jess, Phillip R T. “Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine .” 2007. Thesis, University of St. Andrews. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/410.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Jess, Phillip R T. “Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine .” 2007. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Jess PRT. Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine . [Internet] [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2007. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/410.

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

Council of Science Editors:

Jess PRT. Advanced techniques in Raman tweezers microspectroscopy for applications in biomedicine . [Thesis]. University of St. Andrews; 2007. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/410

Note: this citation may be lacking information needed for this citation format:
Not specified: Masters Thesis or Doctoral Dissertation

The Ohio State University

29. Ghasemi Esfahani, Ata. Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators.

Degree: MS, Mechanical Engineering, 2017, The Ohio State University

URL: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503204430451055

► Flow separation leading to stall imposes considerable performance penalties on lifting surfaces. Limitations in flight envelope and loss of control are among the chief reasons… (more)

▼ Flow separation leading to stall imposes considerable performance penalties on lifting surfaces. Limitations in flight envelope and loss of control are among the chief reasons for the interest in the aeronautical research community for better understanding of this phenomenon. Modern flow control techniques explored in this work can potentially alleviate the performance penalties due to flow separation. Experiments were designed to investigate excitation of flow over an airfoil with leading edge separation at a post-stall angle of attack with nanosecond pulse dielectric barrier discharge actuators. The subject airfoil is designed with a small radius of curvature that potentially challenges the task of flow control as more centrifugal acceleration around leading is required to successfully reattach the flow. The Reynolds number based on the chord was fixed at 5·105, corresponding to a freestream flow of approximately 37 m/s. An angle of attack of 19° was used and a single plasma actuator was mounted near the leading edge of the airfoil. Fully separated flow on the suction side extended well beyond the airfoil with naturally shed vortices generated at a Strouhal number of 0.60. Excitation at very low to moderate (~1) Strouhal numbers at the leading edge generated organized coherent structures in the shear layer over the separated region with a shedding Strouhal number corresponding to that of the excitation, synchronizing the vortex shedding from leading and trailing edges. Excitation around the shedding Strouhal number promoted vortex merging while excitation at higher Strouhal numbers resulted in smaller, weaker structures that quickly developed and disintegrate over the airfoil. The primary mechanism of control is the excitation of instabilities associated with the vortices shed from leading edge. The excitation generates coherent large-scale structures that entrain high-momentum fluid into the separation region to reduce the separation and/or accelerate the flow over the airfoil and to modify the lift and drag properties. The baseline showed some spanwise non-uniformity both on and off the surface. Excitation at low Strouhal numbers (0.3 < Ste < 0.78) led to the emergence of large, asymmetrical stall cells over the airfoil. Off-surface stereo PIV data suggests, however, that the flow field remains nearly two-dimensional. Excitation at a Strouhal number of 2.04 produces distinct 3-D features in the stereo PIV data. Further increases in excitation Strouhal number result in slight acceleration of the flow near the leading edge and formation of two symmetric stall cells. Increasing the excitation Strouhal number even further results in the emergence of smaller and more well-defined stall cells. This effect saturates around Ste = 6.0 and further increases in excitation frequency have minimal effects on the stall cells. This is surprising as the scientific community had hitherto believed stall cells to form only over thick airfoils. The results clearly indicate that the instabilities responsible for stall cell formation… Advisors/Committee Members: Samimy, Mo (Advisor).

Subjects/Keywords: Aerospace Engineering; Experiments; Fluid Dynamics; Aerodynamics, Fluid Mechanics, Flow Control, Optical Diagnostics, Instabilities

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APA · Chicago · MLA · Vancouver · CSE | Export to Zotero / EndNote / Reference Manager

APA (6^th Edition):

Ghasemi Esfahani, A. (2017). Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators. (Masters Thesis). The Ohio State University. Retrieved from http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503204430451055

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Ghasemi Esfahani, Ata. “Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators.” 2017. Masters Thesis, The Ohio State University. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503204430451055.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Ghasemi Esfahani, Ata. “Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators.” 2017. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Ghasemi Esfahani A. Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators. [Internet] [Masters thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2017. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503204430451055.

Council of Science Editors:

Ghasemi Esfahani A. Physics and Control of Flow Over a Thin Airfoil using Nanosecond Pulse DBD Actuators. [Masters Thesis]. The Ohio State University; 2017. Available from: http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1503204430451055

University of Arizona

30. Nicolini, Ariana Marie. Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens .

Degree: 2016, University of Arizona

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623158

► This dissertation discusses the development of inexpensive, easy-to-use, and field-deployable diagnostic techniques and devices for the early detection of various pathogens, commonly found in clinical… (more)

▼ This dissertation discusses the development of inexpensive, easy-to-use, and field-deployable diagnostic techniques and devices for the early detection of various pathogens, commonly found in clinical samples and contaminated food and water. Infectious diseases account for about 90% of world health problems, killing approximately 14 million people annually, the majority of which reside in developing countries. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) published data on the top 10 causes of death across the globe. Although communicable disease is a prevalent cause of fatality, both low-income and high-income countries, pathogen species and transmission are very different. Nearly 60% of deaths in developing countries are caused by food, water, air or blood-borne pathogens. The most prevalent illnesses are diarrheal disease, malaria, and HIV/AIDS. By contrast, the leading causes of death in developed countries (heart disease, cancer, and stroke) are not communicable and are often preventable. However, there is an increasing need for the development of rapid and accurate methods for pathogen identification in clinical samples, due to the growing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Incorrect, or unneeded antibiotic therapies result in the evolution of extremely aggressive nosocomial (hospital-acquired) infections, such as methicillin- (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA). The implementation of rapid, easy to use and cost-effective diagnostics will reduce the frequency of pathogen-related deaths in underdeveloped countries, and improve targeted antibiotic treatment in hospital settings, thus decreasing the potential development of more treatment-resistant "super bugs". This research includes novel techniques utilizing two major sensing modalities: serological (i.e. immunological), and nucleic acid amplification testing (NAATs). We first developed a highly sensitive (limit-of-detection = 100 CFU mL-1) particle immunoassay that takes advantage of elastic and inelastic light scatter phenomena, for optical detection of target antigens. This assay is performed upon a unique nanofibrous substrate that promotes multiplexing on a user-friendly platform. We then developed a novel technique, termed emulsion loop-mediated isothermal amplification (eLAMP), in which the target amplicon is detected in real-time, again utilizing light scattering detection and quantification. Both techniques require no sample pre-treatments, and can be combined with smartphone imaging for detection of targets in under 15 minutes. These methods have the potential to improve the speed and sensitivity of early pathogenic identification, thus leading to a reduction in preventative deaths and a decrease in global economic costs associated with infectious disease in clinical and other settings. Advisors/Committee Members: Yoon, Jeong-Yeol (advisor), Yoon, Jeong-Yeol (committeemember), Galbraith, David (committeemember), Matsunaga, Terry (committeemember), Latt, Daniel (committeemember).

Subjects/Keywords: Biosensing; Immunoassay; Nucleic acid amplification; Optical detection; Point-of-care diagnostics; Assay development

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APA (6^th Edition):

Nicolini, A. M. (2016). Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens . (Doctoral Dissertation). University of Arizona. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623158

Chicago Manual of Style (16^th Edition):

Nicolini, Ariana Marie. “Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens .” 2016. Doctoral Dissertation, University of Arizona. Accessed November 16, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623158.

MLA Handbook (7^th Edition):

Nicolini, Ariana Marie. “Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens .” 2016. Web. 16 Nov 2019.

Vancouver:

Nicolini AM. Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens . [Internet] [Doctoral dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. [cited 2019 Nov 16]. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623158.

Council of Science Editors:

Nicolini AM. Single-Step, Optical Biosensors for the Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Bacterial and Viral Pathogens . [Doctoral Dissertation]. University of Arizona; 2016. Available from: http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623158

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